Slope greening method

Abstract

To provide a method for greening a slope, which can green a slope by utilizing a waste mushroom bed and can improve the workability of spraying a vegetation base material onto the slope. [Solution] This slope greening method is for greening a slope 1 with plants, and includes a granular material production process in which waste mushroom beds are granulated to produce waste mushroom bed granular material 13, a vegetation substrate production process in which the waste mushroom bed granular material 13 and a biodegradable adhesive material 15 are mixed with a base material 11 comprising organic material containing waste mushroom beds to produce a vegetation substrate 10, and a vegetation substrate spraying process in which the vegetation substrate 10 is sprayed onto the slope 1.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for greening a slope with plants. [Background technology]

[0002] As a method for greening slopes, for example, the use of exotic species and foreign herbs is widely used, but methods using native species have also been developed to avoid disrupting the ecosystem. For example, there is the so-called natural invasion promotion method, in which seeds of native plants are naturally dispersed and then fixed on the slope.

[0003] In addition, in the above-mentioned natural invasion promotion method, in order to make it easier for plant seeds to settle on the slope, a vegetation base material is sprayed onto the slope using a well-known spraying device that can pump the mixture using compressed air or the like.

[0004] By the way, waste mushroom beds, which are the beds left over after mushrooms are harvested, are usually treated as industrial waste. However, there is a technology to reuse these waste mushroom beds for coastal vegetation, although not on slopes.

[0005] For example, Patent Document 1 listed below describes a method of restoring coastal vegetation in which a vegetation substrate made from a mixture of waste mushroom beds and organic materials is wrapped in biodegradable nonwoven fabric to create a package, and the package is then buried in the sand on a coast to be preserved. This allows the vegetation substrate to be supplied with moisture and nutrients for approximately 3 to 5 years, the period during which the vegetation substrate contained in the package decomposes naturally, thereby enabling greening of the sand. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 5542232 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] One method of greening slopes is to use waste mushroom beds. However, the vegetation substrate mixed with waste mushroom beds has a relatively high viscosity, which means that it may be difficult to pump through the pipes of a spraying device, making it difficult to spray onto slopes.

[0008] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for greening slopes that can utilize waste mushroom beds to green slopes and improve the ease of spraying vegetation substrate material onto slopes. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides A method for greening a slope with plants, comprising the steps of: A granular production process for producing a granular waste mushroom bed by granulating the waste mushroom bed; a vegetative substrate manufacturing process for manufacturing a vegetative substrate by mixing the waste mushroom bed granules and a biodegradable adhesive with a base material comprising an organic material containing a waste mushroom bed; and a vegetation base material spraying step of spraying the vegetation base material onto the slope.

[0010] According to the above invention, the waste mushroom bed granules produced in the granular material manufacturing process are combined with a biodegradable adhesive material and mixed into a base material consisting of organic material containing waste mushroom beds to produce a vegetation substrate, and the vegetation substrate is then sprayed onto a slope, thereby spraying the vegetation substrate onto the slope.

[0011] Furthermore, when the seeds of plants that have taken root in the vegetation substrate sprayed on the slope grow, the waste mushroom bed contained in the base material and the waste mushroom bed forming the waste mushroom bed granules, i.e., not only the waste mushroom bed in the base material but also the waste mushroom bed made of the waste mushroom bed granules, can effectively enhance the nutrient retention function of the organic material and also effectively enhance the moisture retention function of the organic material, thereby improving the growth rate of plants in the vegetation substrate and efficiently greening the slope with plants.

[0012] In addition, the viscosity of the vegetation substrate can be kept low by the waste mushroom bed granules mixed into the vegetation substrate. That is, since the substrate material contains waste mushroom bed, its viscosity is relatively high and it may be difficult to pump it through a pressure pipe or the like, but in the present invention, the waste mushroom bed granules, which are granular and solid, are mixed into the substrate material, so that aggregation of the waste mushroom bed in the substrate material can be suppressed, thereby keeping the viscosity of the substrate low, and thus keeping the viscosity of the vegetation substrate low enough to be pumped through a pressure pipe or the like.

[0013] As a result, it is possible to easily spray the vegetation base material onto the slope, and therefore the task of spraying the vegetation base material onto the slope can be carried out efficiently.

[0014] As described above, in the slope greening method of the present invention, the synergistic effect of the nutrient retention and moisture retention functions of the waste mushroom bed contained in the base material and the nutrient retention and moisture retention functions of the waste mushroom bed forming the waste mushroom bed granules makes it possible to efficiently green slopes with vegetation, while keeping the viscosity of the base material low by using the waste mushroom bed granules, and keeping the viscosity of the vegetation base material low so that it can be pumped using a pressure pipe, etc., thereby improving the ease of spraying the vegetation base material onto slopes.

[0015] In the slope greening method according to the present invention, the vegetation base material may further contain biodegradable fibers mixed therein.

[0016] According to the above-mentioned embodiment, since biodegradable fibers are further mixed into the vegetation substrate, while the biodegradable fibers are used as a recycled material, the binding strength of the vegetation substrate can be increased to make it less likely to be washed away by rainwater, etc. after being sprayed onto a slope. In addition, after the vegetation substrate is fixed to the slope, the fibers are biodegraded over time, thereby suppressing the impact on the vegetation substrate.

[0017] In the slope greening method according to the present invention, the biodegradable fiber may be rush.

[0018] According to the above-mentioned embodiment, since the biodegradable fiber is rush, the binding power and water-retaining properties of rush, which is a member of the grass family, can be utilized to facilitate the establishment of native species in the vegetation substrate, and since rush is mainly used for tatami mats and the like, tatami mats and the like made of rush can be easily utilized as recycled materials.

[0019] In the slope greening method according to the present invention, The waste mushroom bed granules are further mixed with organic materials, The organic material in the base material and the organic material in the waste mushroom bed granules may be mixed with at least one selected from bark compost, compost, peat moss, coco peat, peat, grass peat, charcoal, and artificial humus.

[0020] According to the above-mentioned embodiment, the organic material in the base material and the waste mushroom bed granular material is a mixture of at least one selected from bark compost, compost, peat moss, coco peat, peat, grass peat, charcoal, and artificial humus. Therefore, after the vegetation substrate is established on the slope, it will naturally decompose over time, thereby suppressing the impact on the vegetation substrate.

[0021] In the slope greening method according to the present invention, A lath net installation step of installing a lath net on the slope, The lath net installation step may be carried out before the vegetation substrate spraying step.

[0022] According to the above aspect, the lath net makes it easier for the vegetation base material sprayed onto the slope to be fixed to the slope. Effect of the Invention

[0023] According to the present invention, the synergistic effect of the nutrient retention and moisture retention functions of the waste mushroom bed contained in the base material, and the nutrient retention and moisture retention functions of the waste mushroom bed forming the waste mushroom bed granules, makes it possible to green slopes with vegetation, while keeping the viscosity of the base material low by the waste mushroom bed granules, and keeping the viscosity of the vegetation base material low so that it can be pumped using a pressure pipe, etc., thereby improving the ease of spraying the vegetation base material onto slopes. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0024] [Figure 1] 1 is an explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of a slope greening method according to the present invention. FIG. [Diagram 2] 1 is a flowchart showing steps of the slope greening method. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a vegetation base material spraying step in the slope greening method. [Figure 4] FIG. 11 is an enlarged explanatory view showing the state of the vegetation base material inside the pressure pipe in the slope greening method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0025] (One embodiment of a slope greening method) Hereinafter, an embodiment of a slope greening method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0026] This slope greening method is for greening a slope 1 as shown in Fig. 1 with plants. Also, Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of the steps of the slope greening method.

[0027] This slope greening method includes a granular material production process S1 in which waste mushroom beds are granulated to produce waste mushroom bed granular material 13, a vegetation substrate production process S3 in which the waste mushroom bed granular material 13 and a biodegradable adhesive material 15 (hereinafter simply referred to as "adhesive material 15") are mixed with a base material 11 consisting of organic material containing waste mushroom beds to produce a vegetation substrate 10, and a vegetation substrate spraying process S4 in which the vegetation substrate 10 is sprayed onto the slope 1.

[0028] The term "waste mushroom bed" refers to the bed of mushrooms after harvesting, such as nameko and shimeji mushrooms. The term "bacteria bed" refers to an artificial culture medium made by mixing a base material such as sawdust or corn cobs with a nutrient source such as rice bran.

[0029] Furthermore, the slope greening method in this embodiment includes a lath net installation step S2 in which a lath net 5 is installed on the slope 1, as shown in Fig. 2. This lath net installation step S2 is performed prior to the vegetation substrate spraying step S4. Note that this lath net installation step S2 does not necessarily have to be performed, and the vegetation substrate manufacturing step S3 may be performed after the granular material manufacturing step S1 without the lath net installation step S2.

[0030] In this embodiment, organic materials are mixed into the waste mushroom bed granules 13. Furthermore, the organic materials in the base material 11 and the organic materials in the waste mushroom bed granules 13 are mixed with at least one selected from bark compost, compost, peat moss, coco peat, peat, grass peat, charcoal, and artificial humus.

[0031] The term "granular material" includes pellet-shaped materials and granular materials. That is, the "granular waste mushroom bed material" in the present invention includes waste mushroom bed pellets, which are waste mushroom beds made into pellets, and waste mushroom bed granules, which are waste mushroom beds made into granules.

[0032] Furthermore, the vegetation substrate 10 may contain organic materials (such as sludge compost) different from the organic materials in the base material 11 and the organic materials in the waste mushroom bed granules 13.

[0033] Furthermore, examples of the biodegradable adhesive material 15 that can be used include biodegradable polyester resins, biodegradable polymers, cationic polymers, cellulose-based materials, starch-based materials, aliphatic polyesters, and even natural materials.

[0034] Furthermore, biodegradable fibers 17 (hereinafter, simply referred to as "fibers 17") are mixed into the vegetation substrate 10 in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the biodegradable fibers 17 are rush grass, which is a plant of the Gramineae family.

[0035] The fibers 17 are sheared to a predetermined length (for example, about 30 to 50 mm). As the biodegradable fibers 17, for example, fibers from the Cyperaceae family including rush, the Gramineae family including straw, palm family, and natural fibers (cotton, wool, linen, bamboo, kenaf, bagasse, eucalyptus, cellulose, hemp, jute, etc.) can be used.

[0036] In addition, 1m of each material 3 The blending amount per unit is, for example, preferably 1500 to 2500 L of base material 11, preferably 1 to 50 kg of waste mushroom bed granules 13, preferably 4 to 10 kg of adhesive 15, preferably 1 to 10 kg of fiber 17, and preferably 1 to 4 kg of organic materials such as sludge compost.

[0037] Next, the slope greening method will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

[0038] First, the waste mushroom bed granules 13 are produced (granule production process S1). In this embodiment, waste mushroom bed pellets are produced. Specifically, the waste mushroom bed is sieved through a sieve with a predetermined size (for example, about 3 to 5 mm) to select waste mushroom beds of the predetermined size. Excessively large waste mushroom beds are crushed appropriately to a size suitable for sieving, and then sieved again for selection.

[0039] Thereafter, at least the waste mushroom bed and coal (and organic materials are also charged if necessary) are charged into the input hopper of the granule production machine (here, a pellet granulator), and these are mixed in the granule production machine to form a mixture, which is then extruded through a die of a predetermined shape in the granule production machine to produce a waste mushroom bed granule 13 of a predetermined shape. The produced waste mushroom bed granule 13 is preferably naturally dried for a predetermined period of time (for example, about 2 to 3 days).

[0040] The shape of the granulated waste mushroom bed granules 13 can be, for example, substantially cylindrical, substantially spherical, substantially cubic, substantially rectangular, substantially polygonal prism, or substantially polygonal pyramid, but is not particularly limited. The waste mushroom bed granules 13 in this embodiment are substantially cylindrical pellets, with an outer diameter of 4 to 5 mm and a length of 5 to 20 mm.

[0041] In the granular material manufacturing process S1, the ratio of the mushroom waste bed and gypsum to the mixed material is set to 0.5-0.7:0.3-0.5 when the entire mixed material is set to "1" (for example, when the mushroom waste bed is 0.5, the gypsum is also 0.5, and when the mushroom waste bed is 0.7, the gypsum is 0.3). Note that it is preferable to set the ratio of the mushroom waste bed to gypsum to 0.5:0.5.

[0042] Next, a net 5 is installed on the slope 1 (net installation step S2). After that, in a vegetation substrate mixing step S2, the base material 11, the waste mushroom bed granules 13, and the adhesive material 15 are put into a stirring tank of a well-known spraying device (not shown) (in this embodiment, organic materials such as fibers 17 and sludge compost are also put in), and the mixture is appropriately stirred and mixed to produce the vegetation substrate 10 (vegetation substrate production step S3).

[0043] Next, the worker H sprays the vegetation substrate 10 onto the slope 1 (vegetation substrate spraying step S4). That is, as shown in Fig. 3, the worker H aims the nozzle 22 arranged at the tip of the pressure pipe 20 at the slope 1 and the lath net 5, and sprays the vegetation substrate 10 onto the slope 1 and the lath net 5 with compressed air.

[0044] More specifically, a tree 4 is present on the top surface 3 adjacent to the top of the inclined slope 5, and a number of anchors 6, 7 are driven into the top surface 3. Furthermore, a safety wire 8 is placed around the waist of the worker H, one end of which is fastened to the anchor 6 and the middle portion of which is wound around the tree 4. Moreover, a safety wire 9 is placed on the back side of the worker H, one end of which is fastened to the anchor 7.

[0045] Then, worker H descends slope 5 from above slope 5 using safety wire 8 and moves in the width direction of slope 5 (into and out of the plane of FIG. 3) while spraying vegetation substrate 10 onto slope 1 and lath net 5. After the spraying process is completed, worker H ascends slope 5 using safety wire 9.

[0046] At this time, the vegetation base material 10 flows through a pressure pipe 20 of a spraying device (not shown) as shown in Fig. 4 (this will be described in detail later). The sprayed vegetation base material 10 is left on the slope 1 via a lath net 5.

[0047] Moreover, the height H of the vegetation substrate 10 sprayed onto the slope 1 is preferably 20 to 100 mm, and more preferably 30 to 80 mm.

[0048] After a predetermined period of time has passed after the above-mentioned vegetation substrate spraying step S4, the slope 1 is greened by the vegetation substrate 10 sprayed onto the slope 1. That is, seeds of native plants or other indigenous species are naturally dispersed and take root in the vegetation substrate 10 sprayed onto the slope 1, thereby greening the slope 1 by a so-called natural invasion promotion method.

[0049] (Action and effect) Next, the effects of the slope greening method will be described.

[0050] As described above, in this slope greening method, the waste mushroom bed granules 13 produced in the granule production process S1 are combined with a biodegradable adhesive 15 and mixed into a base material 11 consisting of organic material containing waste mushroom beds to produce a vegetation substrate 10 (vegetation substrate production process S3), and the vegetation substrate 10 is sprayed onto the slope 1 by spraying it (vegetation substrate spraying process S4).

[0051] Furthermore, when the seeds of plants that have taken root on the vegetation substrate 10 sprayed onto the slope 1 grow, the waste mushroom bed contained in the base material 11 and the waste mushroom bed forming the waste mushroom bed granules 13, i.e., not only the waste mushroom bed in the base material 11 but also the waste mushroom bed made of the waste mushroom bed granules 13, can effectively enhance the nutrient retention function of the organic materials and also effectively enhance the moisture retention function of the organic materials, so that the growth rate of plants due to the vegetation substrate 10 sprayed onto the slope 1 can be improved and the slope 1 can be efficiently greened with plants.

[0052] In addition, the viscosity of the vegetation substrate 10 can be kept low by the waste mushroom bed granules 13 mixed into the vegetation substrate 10.

[0053] 4, when the vegetation substrate 10 is sprayed onto the slope 1, the vegetation substrate 10 flows through the pressure pipe 20. In other words, the base material 11, waste mushroom bed granular material 13, adhesive material 15, and fiber 17 that constitute the vegetation substrate 10 are mixed together in the pressure pipe 20.

[0054] At this time, since the base material 11 contains waste mushroom bed, its viscosity is relatively high and it may be difficult to pump through the pumping pipe 20. Even in such a case, in the present invention, by mixing the waste mushroom bed granules 13, which are granular and solid, with the base material 11, it is possible to suppress aggregation of the waste mushroom bed in the base material 11, that is, it is possible to make the base material 11 less likely to clump, so that the viscosity of the base material 11 can be kept low, and therefore the viscosity of the vegetation substrate 10 can be kept low enough to be pumped through the pumping pipe 20.

[0055] As a result, the vegetation base material 10 can be easily sprayed onto the slope 1, so that the work of spraying the vegetation base material 10 onto the slope 1 can be carried out efficiently.

[0056] As described above, in this slope greening method, the synergistic effect of the nutrient and moisture retention functions of the waste mushroom bed contained in the base material 11 and the nutrient and moisture retention functions of the waste mushroom bed forming the waste mushroom bed granules 13 makes it possible to efficiently green the slope 1 with vegetation, while keeping the viscosity of the base material 11 low by the waste mushroom bed granules 13, and keeping the viscosity of the vegetation substrate 10 low so that it can be pumped using a pressure pipe 20, etc., thereby improving the ease of spraying the vegetation substrate onto the slope 1.

[0057] Furthermore, the biodegradable adhesive material 15 mixed into the vegetation substrate 10 makes it easier for the vegetation substrate 10 to adhere to the slope 1 when it is sprayed onto the slope 1, and since it biodegrades over time after the vegetation substrate 10 is fixed to the slope 1, it is possible to keep the surface hardness of the vegetation substrate 10 sprayed onto the slope 1 low, so that when native species or the like fly in and attach to the vegetation substrate 10, they can be more easily fixed to the vegetation substrate 10. In other words, the natural invasion of native species or the like can be promoted.

[0058] In this embodiment, the vegetative substrate 10 further includes biodegradable fibers 17 mixed therein.

[0059] According to the above embodiment, the vegetation substrate 10 further contains biodegradable fibers 17, so that while the biodegradable fibers 17 are used as recycled materials, the binding strength of the vegetation substrate 10 can be increased to prevent the substrate from being washed away by rainwater or the like after being sprayed onto the slope 1. After the vegetation substrate 10 is fixed to the slope 1, the fibers 17 are biodegraded over time.

[0060] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the biodegradable fiber 17 is rush. According to the above aspect, since the biodegradable fiber 17 is rush, the binding power and water retention properties of rush, which is a member of the grass family, can be utilized to facilitate the establishment of native species in the vegetation base material 10, and since rush is mainly used for tatami mats, etc., tatami mats, etc. made of rush can be easily utilized as recycled materials.

[0061] In addition, in this embodiment, organic materials are further mixed into the waste mushroom bed granules 13, and the organic materials in the base material 11 and the organic materials in the waste mushroom bed granules 13 are mixed with at least one selected from bark compost, compost, peat moss, coco peat, peat, grass peat, charcoal, and artificial humus.

[0062] According to the above embodiment, the organic materials in the base material 11 and the waste mushroom bed granules 13 are mixed with at least one selected from bark compost, compost, peat moss, coco peat, peat, grass peat, charcoal, and artificial humus, so that after the vegetation substrate 10 is established on the slope 1, it will naturally decompose over time, thereby suppressing the impact on the vegetation substrate 10.

[0063] Furthermore, this embodiment includes a lath net installation step S2 in which a lath net 5 is installed on the slope 1, and the lath net installation step S2 is performed before the vegetation substrate spraying step S4. According to the above embodiment, the lath net 5 makes it easier for the vegetation substrate 10 sprayed onto the slope 1 to be fixed to the slope 1.

[0064] In this embodiment, the granular material production process S1 is performed by producing a mixture of waste mushroom bed and gypsum in a granular material production machine. In particular, the granular material production process S1 in this embodiment is a pellet production process in which waste mushroom bed is pelletized to produce waste mushroom bed pellets, and the pellet production process is performed by granulating the mixture of waste mushroom bed and gypsum in a pellet granulator.

[0065] According to the above embodiment, the waste mushroom bed granules 13 (here, waste mushroom bed pellets) can be reliably produced by the above granule production step S1. EXAMPLES

[0066] The vegetation substrate was sprayed onto the slope to confirm its effectiveness.

[0067] The vegetation substrate is made of 2000kg (1m 3 per m 3 per m 3 per m 3 per m), and 1 kg (1 m) of organic sludge compost. 3 The vegetation base material was sprayed onto the slope 1 with a lath net installed on the slope.

[0068] The height (thickness) of the vegetation substrate was set to 50 mm. Furthermore, the area of ​​the slope where the vegetation substrate was sprayed was set to 10 m. 2 The slope was sprayed in three locations with this area. As a result, plant growth was observed on the three slopes after about six months.

[0069] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modified embodiments are possible within the scope of the gist of the present invention, and such embodiments are also included in the scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0070] 1 Slope 5 Lath net 10 Vegetation substrate 11 Base material 13 Waste bacteria bed granules 15 Biodegradable adhesives 17 Biodegradable Fibers 20 Pressure Pipe 22 Nozzle

Claims

1. A method for greening a slope with plants, comprising the steps of: A granular production process for producing a granular waste mushroom bed by granulating the waste mushroom bed; a vegetative substrate manufacturing process for manufacturing a vegetative substrate by mixing the waste mushroom bed granules and a biodegradable adhesive with a base material comprising an organic material containing a waste mushroom bed; A slope greening method comprising: a vegetation base material spraying step of spraying the vegetation base material onto the slope.

2. 2. The method for greening a slope according to claim 1, wherein the vegetation base material further contains biodegradable fibers mixed therein.

3. 3. The method for greening a slope according to claim 2, wherein the biodegradable fiber is rush grass.

4. The waste mushroom bed granules are further mixed with organic materials, The method for greening a slope according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the organic material in the base material and the organic material in the waste mushroom bed granules are mixed with at least one selected from bark compost, compost, peat moss, coco peat, peat, grass peat, charcoal, and artificial humus.

5. A slope greening method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a lath net installation step of installing a lath net on the slope, the lath net installation step being performed before the vegetation base material spraying step.

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