Positioning measurement data reported via L1 or L2 signaling

Abstract

Techniques for wireless communications are disclosed. In one aspect, a UE acquires measurement data associated with at least one PRS. The UE transmits a first PSI report to a BS at a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data. The UE further transmits a second PSI report to the BS at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements.

Description

Claiming priority

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 005,030, entitled "POSITIONING MEASUREMENT DATA REPORTED VIA L1 OR L2 SIGNALING," filed on April 3, 2020, and U.S. Non-Provisional Application No. 17 / 158,217, entitled "POSITIONING MEASUREMENT DATA REPORTED VIA L1 OR L2 SIGNALING," filed on January 26, 2021, both of which are assigned to the assignee of this application and are expressly incorporated by reference in their entireties herein. [Technical field]

[0002] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. [Background technology]

[0003]

[0003] Wireless communication systems have evolved through various generations, including first generation analog wireless telephone service (1G), second generation (2G) digital wireless telephone service (including intermediate 2.5G networks), third generation (3G) high speed data, Internet-enabled wireless service, and fourth generation (4G) service (e.g., LTE or WiMax). Currently, there are many different types of wireless communication systems in use, including cellular and personal communication service (PCS) systems. Examples of known cellular systems include the Cellular Analog Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS), and digital cellular systems based on code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Global System for Mobile Access (GSM) variants of TDMA, and the like.

[0004]

[0004] The fifth generation (5G) wireless standard, called New Radio (NR), will enable higher data rates, a larger number of connections, and better coverage, among other improvements. The 5G standard by the Next Generation Mobile Network Alliance is designed to provide data rates of tens of megabits per second to each of tens of thousands of users, and 1 gigabit per second to a few dozen workers on an office floor. To support large wireless sensor deployments, hundreds of thousands of simultaneous connections should be supported. Thus, the spectral efficiency of 5G mobile communications should be significantly enhanced compared to the current 4G standard. Furthermore, signaling efficiency should be enhanced and latency should be significantly reduced compared to the current standard. Summary of the Invention

[0005]

[0005] The following presents a simplified summary related to one or more aspects disclosed herein. As such, the following summary should not be considered an extensive overview related to all contemplated aspects, nor should the following summary be considered to identify key or critical elements related to all contemplated aspects or to delineate the scope related to any particular aspect. As such, the following summary has the sole purpose of presenting some concepts related to one or more aspects related to the mechanisms disclosed herein in a simplified form prior to the detailed description presented below.

[0006]

[0006] One aspect is directed to a method of operating a user equipment (UE), comprising: obtaining measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); transmitting a first positioning status information (PSI) report to a base station (BS) at a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion indicating a first set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; transmitting a second PSI report to the BS at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements.

[0007]

[0007] Another aspect is directed to a method of operating a base station (BS), comprising receiving a first positioning status information (PSI) report from a user equipment (UE) at a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurements associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); receiving a second PSI report from the UE at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements.

[0008]

[0008] Another aspect is directed to a user equipment (UE) comprising: means for acquiring measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); means for transmitting a first positioning status information (PSI) report to a base station (BS) at a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion indicating a first set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; and means for transmitting a second PSI report to the BS at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, wherein the second set of measurements are refined from the first set of measurements.

[0009]

[0009] Another aspect is directed to a base station (BS) comprising: means for receiving a first PSI report from a user equipment (UE) at a first L1 or L2 positioning status information (PSI) reporting occasion, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurements associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); and means for receiving a second PSI report from the UE at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements.

[0010]

[0010] Another aspect is directed to a user equipment (UE) comprising a memory, at least one transceiver, and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: acquire measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); transmit a first PSI report to a base station (BS) at a first L1 or L2 positioning status information (PSI) reporting occasion indicating a first set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; transmit a second PSI report to the BS at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; and the second set of measurements is refined from the first set of measurements.

[0011]

[0011] Another aspect is directed to a base station (BS) comprising a memory, at least one transceiver, and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: receive a first PSI report from a user equipment (UE) at a first L1 or L2 positioning status information (PSI) reporting occasion, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurements associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); receive a second PSI report from the UE at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; and the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements.

[0012]

[0012] Another aspect is directed to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions, the computer-executable instructions comprising at least one instruction to instruct a user equipment (UE) to acquire measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); at least one instruction to instruct the UE to transmit a first PSI report to a base station (BS) at a first L1 or L2 positioning status information (PSI) reporting occasion indicating a first set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; and at least one instruction to instruct the UE to transmit a second PSI report to a BS at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the second set of measurements indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements.

[0013]

[0013] Another aspect is directed to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions, the computer-executable instructions comprising at least one instruction to instruct a base station (BS) to receive a first PSI report from a user equipment (UE) at a first L1 or L2 positioning status information (PSI) reporting occasion, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurements associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS), and at least one instruction to instruct the BS to receive a second PSI report from the UE at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the second set of measurements indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements.

[0014] Other objects and advantages associated with the embodiments disclosed herein will become apparent to those skilled in the art based on the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

[0015]

[0015] The accompanying drawings are presented to aid in the explanation of various aspects of the present disclosure and are provided merely to illustrate, not to limit, the aspects. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1]

[0016] FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless communication system, in accordance with various aspects. [Figure 2A]

[0017] 1 illustrates an example wireless network structure, in accordance with various aspects. [Figure 2B] 1 illustrates an example wireless network structure, in accordance with various aspects. [Figure 3A]

[0018] 1 is a simplified block diagram of several sample aspects of components that may be employed in a wireless communication node and configured to support communication as taught herein; [Figure 3B] 1 is a simplified block diagram of several sample aspects of components that may be employed in a wireless communication node and configured to support communication as taught herein; [Figure 3C] 1 is a simplified block diagram of several sample aspects of components that may be employed in a wireless communication node and configured to support communication as taught herein; [Figure 4A]

[0019] 1 illustrates an example frame structure in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 4B] 1 illustrates an example of channels within a frame structure in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. [Diagram 5]

[0020] 4 illustrates an example PRS configuration for a cell supported by a wireless node. [Figure 6]

[0021] FIG. 1 illustrates a method of wireless communication according to an aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 illustrates a method of wireless communication according to an aspect of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0017]

[0022] Aspects of the present disclosure are provided in the following description and associated drawings, directed to various examples provided for illustration purposes. Alternative aspects may be devised without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Additionally, well-known elements of the present disclosure will not be described in detail or will be omitted so as not to obscure the relevant details of the present disclosure.

[0018]

[0023] The words "exemplary" and / or "example" are used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any aspect described herein as "exemplary" and / or "example" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Similarly, the term "aspects of the present disclosure" does not require that all aspects of the present disclosure include the described feature, advantage or mode of operation.

[0019]

[0024] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the information and signals described below may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referred to throughout the following description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof, depending in part on the particular application, in part on the desired design, in part on the corresponding technology, etc.

[0020]

[0025] Furthermore, many aspects are described in terms of a sequence of actions to be performed, for example, by elements of a computing device. It will be appreciated that the various actions described herein may be performed by specific circuitry (e.g., an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), by program instructions executed by one or more processors, or by a combination of both. Furthermore, a sequence of actions described herein may be considered to be embodied as a whole in any form of non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a corresponding set of computer instructions that, when executed, cause or instruct an associated processor of a device to perform the functions described herein. Thus, various aspects of the present disclosure may be embodied in a number of different forms, all of which are contemplated to fall within the scope of the claimed subject matter. Moreover, for each of the aspects described herein, the corresponding form of any such aspect may be described herein, for example, as "logic configured to" perform the described actions.

[0021]

[0026] The terms "user equipment" (UE) and "base station" as used herein are not intended to be specific or, in some cases, limited to any particular radio access technology (RAT) unless otherwise stated. Generally, a UE may be any wireless communication device (e.g., a mobile phone, a router, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a tracking device, a wearable (e.g., a smart watch, glasses, an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) headset, etc.), a vehicle (e.g., a car, a motorcycle, a bicycle, etc.), an Internet of Things (IoT) device, etc.) used by a user to communicate over a wireless communication network. A UE may be mobile or (e.g., at some times) stationary and may communicate with a radio access network (RAN). The term "UE" as used herein may be referred to interchangeably as an "access terminal" or "AT", "client device", "wireless device", "subscriber device", "subscriber terminal", "subscriber station", "user terminal" or UT, "mobile terminal", "mobile station", or variations thereof. Generally, a UE may communicate with a core network via a RAN, through which the UE may be connected with external networks such as the Internet and with other UEs. Of course, other mechanisms for connecting to the core network and / or the Internet are possible for a UE, such as via a wired access network, a wireless local area network (WLAN) network (eg, based on IEEE 802.11, etc.), etc.

[0022]

[0027] Depending on the network in which it is deployed, the base station may operate according to one of several RATs in communication with the UE and may alternatively be referred to as an access point (AP), network node, Node B, evolved Node B (eNB), New Radio (NR) Node B (also referred to as gNB or gNode B), etc. Furthermore, in some systems, the base station may provide purely edge node signaling functions, while in other systems, it may provide additional control and / or network management functions. A communication link through which a UE may send signals to a base station is referred to as an uplink (UL) channel (e.g., reverse traffic channel, reverse control channel, access channel, etc.). A communication link through which a base station may send signals to a UE is referred to as a downlink (DL) or forward link channel (e.g., paging channel, control channel, broadcast channel, forward traffic channel, etc.). As used herein, the term traffic channel (TCH) may refer to either a UL / reverse traffic channel or a DL / forward traffic channel.

[0023]

[0028] The term "base station" may refer to a single physical transmit reception point (TRP) or multiple physical TRPs that may or may not be collocated. For example, when the term "base station" refers to a single physical TRP, the physical TRP may be an antenna of the base station corresponding to the cell of the base station. When the term "base station" refers to multiple collocated physical TRPs, the physical TRP may be an array of antennas of the base station (e.g., as in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system or in cases where the base station employs beamforming). When the term "base station" refers to multiple non-collocated physical TRPs, the physical TRP may be a distributed antenna system (DAS) (a network of spatially separated antennas connected to a common source via a transport medium) or a remote radio head (RRH) (a remote base station connected to a serving base station). Alternatively, the non-collocated physical TRP may be a serving base station that receives a measurement report from a UE and a neighbor base station whose reference RF signal the UE is measuring. A TRP is a point from which a base station transmits and receives wireless signals, and therefore, as used herein, references to transmission from or reception at a base station should be understood as referring to the particular TRP of the base station.

[0024]

[0029] An "RF signal" comprises electromagnetic waves of a given frequency that transport information through space between a transmitter and a receiver. As used herein, a transmitter may transmit a single "RF signal" or multiple "RF signals" to a receiver. However, a receiver may receive multiple "RF signals" corresponding to each transmitted RF signal due to the propagation characteristics of RF signals through multipath channels. The same transmitted RF signal on different paths between a transmitter and a receiver may be referred to as a "multipath" RF signal.

[0025]

[0030] In accordance with various aspects, FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary wireless communication system 100. The wireless communication system 100 (sometimes referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN)) may include various base stations 102 and various UEs 104. The base stations 102 may include macrocell base stations (high-power cellular base stations) and / or small cell base stations (low-power cellular base stations). In an aspect, the macrocell base stations may include eNBs where the wireless communication system 100 corresponds to an LTE network, or gNBs where the wireless communication system 100 corresponds to an NR network, or a combination of both, and the small cell base stations may include femtocells, picocells, microcells, etc.

[0026]

[0031] The base stations 102 collectively form a RAN and may interface with a core network 170 (e.g., Evolved Packet Core (EPC) or Next Generation Core (NGC)) through backhaul links 122, through which they may interface to one or more location servers 172. In addition to other functions, the base stations 102 may perform functions related to one or more of forwarding user data, radio channel encryption and decryption, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity), inter-cell interference coordination, connection setup and release, load balancing, distribution for non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, RAN sharing, Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services (MBMS), subscriber and equipment tracing, RAN Information Management (RIM), paging, positioning, and delivery of alert messages. The base stations 102 may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., through EPC / NGC) via backhaul links 134, which may be wired or wireless.

[0027]

[0032] The base stations 102 may wirelessly communicate with the UEs 104. Each of the base stations 102 may provide communication coverage to a respective geographic coverage area 110. In an aspect, one or more cells may be supported by the base station 102 in each coverage area 110. A "cell" is a logical communication entity used for communication with a base station (e.g., over some frequency resource, called a carrier frequency, component carrier, carrier, band, etc.) and may be associated with an identifier (e.g., physical cell identifier (PCI), virtual cell identifier (VCI)) to distinguish cells operating over the same or different carrier frequencies. In some cases, different cells may be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., machine type communication (MTC), narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), or others) that may provide access to different types of UEs. Because a cell is supported by a particular base station, the term "cell" may refer to either or both of the logical communication entity and the base station that supports it, depending on the context. In some cases, the term “cell” may also refer to a geographic coverage area (e.g., a sector) of a base station, so long as the carrier frequency can be detected and used for communication within a portion of the geographic coverage area 110.

[0028]

[0033] The geographic coverage areas 110 of neighboring macrocell base stations 102 may overlap partially (e.g., in handover regions), but some of the geographic coverage areas 110 may be significantly overlapped by larger geographic coverage areas 110. For example, a small cell base station 102' may have a coverage area 110' that significantly overlaps with the coverage area 110 of one or more macrocell base stations 102. A network that includes both small cell base stations and macrocell base stations may be known as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include Home eNBs (HeNBs) that may serve restricted groups known as Closed Subscriber Groups (CSGs).

[0029]

[0034] The communication link 120 between the base station 102 and the UE 104 may include UL (also called reverse link) transmissions from the UE 104 to the base station 102, and / or downlink (DL) (also called forward link) transmissions from the base station 102 to the UE 104. The communication link 120 may use MIMO antenna techniques, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication link 120 may be through one or more carrier frequencies. The allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL ​​than for UL).

[0030]

[0035] The wireless communication system 100 may further include a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AP) 150 communicating with a WLAN station (STA) 152 via a communication link 154 in an unlicensed frequency spectrum (e.g., 5 GHz). When communicating in the unlicensed frequency spectrum, the WLAN STA 152 and / or the WLAN AP 150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) procedure or a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure before communicating to determine if a channel is available.

[0031]

[0036] The small cell base station 102' may operate in licensed and / or unlicensed frequency spectrums. When operating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the small cell base station 102' may employ LTE or NR technology and use the same 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum used by the WLAN AP 150. A small cell base station 102' employing LTE / 5G in an unlicensed frequency spectrum may boost coverage to and / or increase capacity of an access network. NR in an unlicensed spectrum may be referred to as NR-U. LTE in an unlicensed spectrum may be referred to as LTE-U, Licensed Assisted Access (LAA), or MulteFire.

[0032]

[0037] The wireless communication system 100 may further include a mmW base station 180 that may operate in millimeter wave (mmW) and / or near-mmW frequencies in communication with the UE 182. Extremely high frequency (EHF) is a portion of RF in the electromagnetic spectrum. EHF has a range of 30 GHz to 300 GHz and a wavelength between 1 millimeter and 10 millimeters. Radio waves in this band may be referred to as millimeter waves. Near-mmW may extend down to a frequency of 3 GHz with a wavelength of 100 millimeters. The very high frequency (SHF) band, also called centimeter wave, extends between 3 GHz and 30 GHz. Communications using the mmW / near-mmW radio frequency bands have high path loss and relatively short range. The mmW base station 180 and the UE 182 may utilize beamforming (transmit and / or receive) over the mmW communication link 184 to compensate for the extremely high path loss and short range. Moreover, it will be appreciated that in alternative configurations, one or more base stations 102 may also transmit using mmW or near mmW and beamforming. Thus, it will be appreciated that the above description is by way of example only and should not be construed as limiting various aspects disclosed herein.

[0033]

[0038] Transmit beamforming is a technique for focusing an RF signal in a particular direction. Traditionally, when a network node (e.g., a base station) broadcasts an RF signal, it broadcasts the signal in all directions (omnidirectionally). In transmit beamforming, the network node determines where a given target device (e.g., UE) is located (relative to the transmitting network node) and projects a stronger downlink RF signal in that particular direction, thereby providing a faster (in terms of data rate) and stronger RF signal to the receiving device(s). To change the directionality of the RF signal when transmitting, the network node can control the phase and relative amplitude of the RF signal at each of the one or more transmitters broadcasting the RF signal. For example, the network node may use an array of antennas (called a "phased array" or "antenna array") that creates beams of RF waves that can be "steered" to point in different directions without actually moving the antennas. In particular, RF currents from the transmitters are fed to the individual antennas with the proper phase relationship so that the waves from the separate antennas add together to increase radiation in desired directions and cancel to suppress radiation in undesired directions.

[0034]

[0039] A transmit beam may be quasi-colocated, meaning that the transmit beam appears to a receiver (e.g., a UE) to have the same parameters, regardless of whether the network node's transmit antennas themselves are physically colocated. In NR, there are four types of quasi-colocated (QCL) relationships. In particular, a QCL relationship of a given type means that some parameters for a second reference RF signal on a second beam may be derived from information about a source reference RF signal on a source beam. Thus, if the source reference RF signal is QCL type A, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, and delay spread of the second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is QCL type B, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler shift and Doppler spread of the second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is QCL type C, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler shift and Doppler spread of the second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is QCL Type D, the receiver may use the source reference RF signal to estimate spatial receive parameters of a second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel.

[0035]

[0040] In receive beamforming, a receiver uses receive beams to amplify RF signals detected on a given channel. For example, the receiver can increase the gain setting and / or adjust the phase setting of an array of antennas in a particular direction to amplify (e.g., increase its gain level) an RF signal received from that direction. Thus, when a receiver is said to beamform in a direction, it means that the beam gain in that direction is high relative to the beam gains along other directions, or that the beam gain in that direction is highest compared to the beam gains in that direction of all other receive beams available to the receiver. This results in a stronger received signal strength (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal-to-Interference-Plus-Noise Ratio (SINR), etc.) of the RF signal received from that direction.

[0036]

[0041] The receive beams may be spatially related. The spatial relationship means that the parameters for the transmit beam for the second reference signal may be derived from information about the receive beam for the first reference signal. For example, the UE may use a particular receive beam to receive a reference downlink reference signal (e.g., a synchronization signal block (SSB)) from a base station. The UE may then form a transmit beam for sending an uplink reference signal (e.g., a sounding reference signal (SRS)) to that base station based on the parameters of the receive beam.

[0037]

[0042] Note that a "downlink" beam can be either a transmit beam or a receive beam, depending on the entity forming it. For example, if the base station forms a downlink beam to transmit a reference signal to the UE, the downlink beam is a transmit beam. However, if the UE forms a downlink beam, it is a receive beam to receive the downlink reference signal. Similarly, an "uplink" beam can be either a transmit beam or a receive beam, depending on the entity forming it. For example, if the base station forms an uplink beam, it is an uplink receive beam, and if the UE forms an uplink beam, it is an uplink transmit beam.

[0038]

[0043] In 5G, the frequency spectrum in which wireless nodes (e.g., base station 102 / 180, UE 104 / 182) operate is divided into multiple frequency ranges: FR1 (450 to 6000 MHz), FR2 (24250 to 52600 MHz), FR3 (above 52600 MHz), and FR4 (between FR1 and FR2). In a multi-carrier system, such as 5G, one of the carrier frequencies is called the "primary carrier" or "anchor carrier" or "primary serving cell" or "PCell," and the remaining carrier frequencies are called the "secondary carrier" or "secondary serving cell" or "SCell." In carrier aggregation, the anchor carrier is the carrier operating on the primary frequency (e.g., FR1) utilized by the UE 104 / 182 and the cell in which the UE 104 / 182 either performs an initial radio resource control (RRC) connection establishment procedure or initiates an RRC connection re-establishment procedure. The primary carrier carries all common and UE-specific control channels and may be a carrier in licensed frequencies (although this is not always the case). The secondary carrier is a carrier operating on a second frequency (e.g., FR2) that may be configured once an RRC connection is established between the UE 104 and the anchor carrier and may be used to provide additional radio resources. In some cases, the secondary carrier may be a carrier in unlicensed frequencies. The secondary carrier may contain only the necessary signaling information and signals, e.g., nothing UE-specific may be present in the secondary carrier, since both the primary uplink carrier and the primary downlink carrier are typically UE-specific. This means that different UEs 104 / 182 in a cell may have different downlink primary carriers. The same is true for the uplink primary carrier. The network can change the primary carrier of any UE 104 / 182 at any time. This is done, for example, to distribute the load on different carriers.Since a "serving cell" (whether a PCell or an SCell) corresponds to the carrier frequency / component carrier on which some base station is communicating, terms such as "cell", "serving cell", "component carrier", "carrier frequency", etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0039]

[0044] For example, still referring to FIG. 1, one of the frequencies utilized by the macrocell base station 102 may be an anchor carrier (or “PCell”), and the other frequencies utilized by the macrocell base station 102 and / or the mmW base station 180 may be secondary carriers (“SCells”). Simultaneous transmission and / or reception of multiple carriers allows the UE 104 / 182 to significantly increase its data transmission and / or reception rates. For example, two 20 MHz aggregated carriers in a multi-carrier system would theoretically lead to a doubling of the data rate (i.e., 40 MHz) compared to that achieved by a single 20 MHz carrier.

[0040]

[0045] The wireless communication system 100 may further include one or more UEs, such as UE 190, that indirectly connect to one or more communication networks via one or more device-to-device (D2D) peer-to-peer (P2P) links. In the example of FIG. 1, the UE 190 has a D2D P2P link 192 with one of the UEs 104 connected to one of the base stations 102 (e.g., through which the UE 190 may indirectly obtain cellular connectivity) and a D2D P2P link 194 with a WLAN STA 152 connected to a WLAN AP 150 (through which the UE 190 may indirectly obtain WLAN-based Internet connectivity). In an example, the D2D P2P links 192 and 194 may be supported with any well-known D2D RAT, such as LTE Direct (LTE-D), WiFi Direct® (WiFi-D), Bluetooth®, etc.

[0041]

[0046] The wireless communications system 100 may further include a UE 164, which may communicate with the macrocell base station 102 via communications link 120 and / or with the mmW base station 180 via an mmW communications link 184. For example, the macrocell base station 102 may support a PCell and one or more SCells for the UE 164, and the mmW base station 180 may support one or more SCells for the UE 164.

[0042]

[0047] According to various aspects, FIG. 2A illustrates an exemplary wireless network structure 200. For example, the NGC 210 (also referred to as "5GC") may be considered functionally as a control plane function 214 (e.g., UE registration, authentication, network access, gateway selection, etc.) and a user plane function 212 (e.g., UE gateway function, access to data network, IP routing, etc.) that operate cooperatively to form a core network. A user plane interface (NG-U) 213 and a control plane interface (NG-C) 215 connect the gNB 222 to the NGC 210, specifically to the control plane function 214 and the user plane function 212. In an additional configuration, the eNB 224 may also be connected to the NGC 210 via the NG-C 215 to the control plane function 214 and the NG-U 213 to the user plane function 212. Additionally, the eNB 224 may communicate directly with the gNB 222 via a backhaul connection 223. In some configurations, the new RAN 220 may have only one or more gNBs 222, while other configurations include one or more of both the eNBs 224 and the gNBs 222. Either the gNBs 222 or the eNBs 224 may be in communication with the UEs 204 (e.g., any of the UEs shown in FIG. 1). Another optional aspect may include a location server 230, which may be in communication with the NGC 210 to provide location assistance to the UEs 204. The location servers 230 may be implemented as multiple separate servers (e.g., physically separate servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules spread across multiple physical servers, etc.), or alternatively, each may correspond to a single server. The location servers 230 may be configured to support one or more location services for the UEs 204 that may be connected to the location server 230 via the core network NGC 210 and / or via the Internet (not shown). Additionally, the location server 230 may be incorporated into a component of the core network or alternatively may be external to the core network.

[0043]

[0048] According to various aspects, FIG. 2B illustrates another exemplary wireless network structure 250. For example, the NGC 260 (also referred to as "5GC") may be considered functionally as a control plane function provided by an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) / User Plane Function (UPF) 264 and a user plane function provided by a Session Management Function (SMF) 262, which operate cooperatively to form a core network (i.e., the NGC 260). A user plane interface 263 and a control plane interface 265 connect the eNB 224 to the NGC 260, specifically to the SMF 262 and the AMF / UPF 264, respectively. In an additional configuration, the gNB 222 may also be connected to the NGC 260 via a control plane interface 265 to the AMF / UPF 264 and a user plane interface 263 to the SMF 262. Additionally, eNB 224 may communicate directly with gNB 222 via backhaul connection 223, with or without gNB direct connectivity to NGC 260. In some configurations, new-RAN 220 may have only one or more gNBs 222, while other configurations include one or more of both eNB 224 and gNB 222. Either gNB 222 or eNB 224 may communicate with UE 204 (e.g., any of the UEs shown in FIG. 1). Base stations of new-RAN 220 communicate with the AMF side of AMF / UPF 264 via an N2 interface and with the UPF side of AMF / UPF 264 via an N3 interface.

[0044]

[0049] The functions of the AMF include registration management, connection management, reachability management, mobility management, lawful interception, transport of session management (SM) messages between the UE 204 and the SMF 262, a transparent proxy service for routing SM messages, access authentication and access authorization, transport of short message service (SMS) messages between the UE 204 and a short message service function (SMSF) (not shown), and a security anchor function (SEAF). The AMF also interacts with an authentication server function (AUSF) (not shown) and the UE 204, and receives intermediate keys established as a result of the UE 204 authentication process. In case of UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) Subscriber Identity Module (USIM) based authentication, the AMF retrieves security material from the AUSF. The functions of the AMF also include security context management (SCM). The SCM receives keys from the SEAF that it uses to derive access network specific keys. The AMF functions also include location service management for barred services, transport of location service messages between the UE 204 and the Location Management Function (LMF) 270 and between the new RAN 220 and the LMF 270, Evolved Packet System (EPS) bearer identifier allocation for interworking with EPS, and UE 204 mobility event notification. Additionally, the AMF also supports functions for non-3GPP access networks.

[0045]

[0050] The functions of the UPF include acting as an anchor point for intra / inter-RAT mobility (when applicable), acting as an external protocol data unit (PDU) session point for interconnection to a data network (not shown), providing packet routing and forwarding, packet inspection, user plane policy rule enforcement (e.g., gating, redirection, traffic steering), lawful interception (user plane collection), traffic usage reporting, Quality of Service (QoS) handling for the user plane (e.g., UL / DL rate enforcement, reflective QoS marking in DL), UL traffic validation (Service Data Flow (SDF) to QoS flow mapping), transport level packet marking in UL and DL, DL packet buffering and DL data notification triggering, and sending and forwarding one or more "end markers" to the source RAN node.

[0046]

[0051] The functions of the SMF 262 include session management, UE Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation and management, selection and control of user plane functions, configuration of traffic steering in the UPF to route traffic to the appropriate destination, control of policy enforcement and part of QoS, and downlink data notification. The interface through which the SMF 262 communicates with the AMF side of the AMF / UPF 264 is called the N11 interface.

[0047]

[0052] Another optional aspect may include the LMF 270, which may be in communication with the NGC 260 to provide location assistance to the UE 204. The LMF 270 may be implemented as multiple separate servers (e.g., physically separate servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules spread across multiple physical servers, etc.) or, alternatively, each may correspond to a single server. The LMF 270 may be configured to support one or more location services for the UE 204, which may be connected to the LMF 270 via a core network, the NGC 260, and / or via the Internet (not shown).

[0048]

[0053] 3A, 3B, and 3C illustrate several example components (represented by corresponding blocks) that may be incorporated in a UE 302 (which may correspond to any of the UEs described herein), a base station 304 (which may correspond to any of the base stations described herein), and a network entity 306 (which may correspond to or perform any of the network functions described herein, including the location server 230 and the LMF 270) to support file transmission operations as taught herein. It will be appreciated that these components may be implemented in different types of devices (e.g., in an ASIC, in a system on a chip (SoC), etc.) in different implementations. The illustrated components may also be incorporated in other devices in a communication system. For example, other devices in the system may include similar components as those described to provide similar functionality. Also, a given device may include one or more of the components. For example, a device may include multiple transceiver components that enable the device to operate on multiple carriers and / or communicate via different technologies.

[0049]

[0054] The UE 302 and the base station 304 each include a wireless wide area network (WWAN) transceiver 310 and 350, respectively, configured to communicate over one or more wireless communications networks (not shown), such as an NR network, an LTE network, a GSM network, etc. The WWAN transceivers 310 and 350 may be connected to one or more antennas 316 and 356, respectively, for communicating with other network nodes, such as other UEs, access points, base stations (e.g., eNBs, gNBs), etc., over at least one designated RAT (e.g., NR, LTE, GSM, etc.) over a wireless communications medium of interest (e.g., some set of time / frequency resources in a particular frequency spectrum). The WWAN transceivers 310 and 350 may be variously configured to transmit and encode signals 318 and 358, respectively (e.g., messages, instructions, information, etc.), and conversely, to receive and decode signals 318 and 358, respectively (e.g., messages, instructions, information, pilots, etc.), in accordance with the designated RAT. In particular, the transceivers 310 and 350 each include one or more transmitters 314 and 354, respectively, for transmitting and encoding signals 318 and 358, and each include one or more receivers 312 and 352, respectively, for receiving and decoding the signals 318 and 358.

[0050]

[0055] The UE 302 and base station 304 also, at least in some cases, include wireless local area network (WLAN) transceivers 320 and 360, respectively. The WLAN transceivers 320 and 360 may be connected to one or more antennas 326 and 366, respectively, for communicating with other network nodes, such as other UEs, access points, base stations, etc., via at least one designated RAT (e.g., WiFi, LTE-D, Bluetooth, etc.) over a wireless communication medium of interest. The WLAN transceivers 320 and 360 may be variously configured to transmit and encode signals 328 and 368, respectively (e.g., messages, instructions, information, etc.), and conversely, to receive and decode signals 328 and 368, respectively (e.g., messages, instructions, information, pilots, etc.), in accordance with the designated RAT. In particular, the transceivers 320 and 360 each include one or more transmitters 324 and 364, respectively, for transmitting and encoding signals 328 and 368, and each include one or more receivers 322 and 362, respectively, for receiving and decoding the signals 328 and 368, respectively.

[0051]

[0056] A transceiver circuit including a transmitter and a receiver may in some implementations comprise an integrated device (e.g., implemented as a transmitter circuit and a receiver circuit of a single communication device), in some implementations comprise separate transmitter devices and separate receiver devices, or in other implementations may be implemented in other ways. In one aspect, the transmitter may include or be coupled to multiple antennas, such as an antenna array (e.g., antennas 316, 336, and 376), that enable each device to perform transmit "beamforming" as described herein. Similarly, the receiver may include or be coupled to multiple antennas, such as an antenna array (e.g., antennas 316, 336, and 376), that enable each device to perform receive beamforming as described herein. In one aspect, the transmitter and receiver may share the same multiple antennas (e.g., antennas 316, 336, and 376), that enable each device to only receive or transmit at a given time, rather than both receive and transmit at the same time. The wireless communication devices of apparatus 302 and / or 304 (e.g., one or both of transceivers 310 and 320 and / or 350 and 360) may also include a network listen module (NLM) or the like for performing various measurements.

[0052]

[0057] The devices 302 and 304 also, in at least some cases, include satellite positioning system (SPS) receivers 330 and 370. The SPS receivers 330 and 370 may be connected to one or more antennas 336 and 376, respectively, for receiving SPS signals 338 and 378, respectively, such as Global Positioning System (GPS) signals, Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) signals, Galileo signals, BeiDou signals, Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (NAVIC), Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), etc. The SPS receivers 330 and 370 may comprise any suitable hardware and / or software for receiving and processing the SPS signals 338 and 378, respectively. The SPS receivers 330 and 370 request information and actions from other systems as appropriate, and perform the calculations necessary to determine the positions of the devices 302 and 304 using the measurements obtained by any suitable SPS algorithms.

[0053]

[0058] The base station 304 and the network entity 306 each include at least one network interface 380 and 390 for communicating with other network entities. For example, the network interfaces 380 and 390 (e.g., one or more network access ports) may be configured to communicate with one or more network entities over a wire-based or wireless backhaul connection. In some aspects, the network interfaces 380 and 390 may be implemented as transceivers configured to support wire-based or wireless signal communication. This communication may involve, for example, sending and receiving messages, parameters, or other types of information.

[0054]

[0059] The devices 302, 304, and 306 also include other components that may be used with the operations disclosed herein. The UE 302 includes a processor circuit that implements a processing system 332, for example, for providing functionality related to false base station (FBS) detection as disclosed herein and for providing other processing functions. The base station 304 includes a processing system 384, for example, for providing functionality related to FBS detection as disclosed herein and for providing other processing functions. The network entity 306 includes a processing system 394, for example, for providing functionality related to FBS detection as disclosed herein and for providing other processing functions. In an aspect, the processing systems 332, 384, and 394 may include, for example, one or more general purpose processors, multi-core processors, ASICs, digital signal processors (DSPs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices or processing circuits.

[0055]

[0060] The devices 302, 304, and 306 include memory circuitry implementing memory components 340, 386, and 396, respectively (e.g., each including a memory device) for maintaining information (e.g., information indicative of reserved resources, thresholds, parameters, etc.). In some cases, the devices 302, 304, and 306 may include PRS measurement modules 342 and 388, respectively. The PRS measurement modules 342 and 388 may be hardware circuits that are part of or coupled to the processing systems 332, 384, and 394, respectively, that, when executed, cause the devices 302, 304, and 306 to perform the functions described herein. Alternatively, the PRS measurement modules 342 and 388 may be memory modules stored in memory components 340, 386, and 396, respectively (as shown in Figures 3A-3C) that, when executed by the processing systems 332, 384, and 394, cause the devices 302, 304, and 306 to perform the functions described herein.

[0056]

[0061] The UE 302 may include one or more sensors 344 coupled to the processing system 332 to provide movement and / or orientation information that is independent of movement data derived from signals received by the WWAN transceiver 310, the WLAN transceiver 320, and / or the GPS receiver 330. By way of example, the sensor(s) 344 may include an accelerometer (e.g., a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device), a gyroscope, a geomagnetic sensor (e.g., a compass), an altimeter (e.g., a barometric altimeter), and / or any other type of movement detection sensor. Moreover, the sensor(s) 344 may include multiple different types of devices and combine their outputs to provide movement information. For example, the sensor(s) 344 may use a combination of a multi-axis accelerometer and an orientation sensor to provide the ability to calculate a position in a 2D and / or 3D coordinate system.

[0057]

[0062] Additionally, the UE 302 includes a user interface 346 for providing instructions (e.g., audible and / or visual instructions) to a user and / or for receiving user input (e.g., upon user actuation of a sensing device such a keypad, touch screen, microphone, etc.). Although not shown, the devices 304 and 306 may also include user interfaces.

[0058]

[0063] Referring more particularly to the processing system 384, on the downlink, IP packets from the network entity 306 may be provided to the processing system 384. The processing system 384 may implement functionality for an RRC layer, a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, and a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. The processing system 384 may provide RRC layer functions associated with broadcasting system information (e.g., Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release), inter-RAT mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functions associated with header compression / decompression, security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification), and handover support functions; RLC layer functions associated with transfer of upper layer packet data units (PDUs), error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs), re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functions associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, scheduling information reporting, error correction, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

[0059]

[0064] The transmitter 354 and receiver 352 may implement Layer 1 functions associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1, including the physical (PHY) layer, may include error detection on the transport channel, forward error correction (FEC) coding / decoding of the transport channel, interleaving, rate matching, mapping onto the physical channel, modulation / demodulation of the physical channel, and MIMO antenna processing. The transmitter 354 handles mapping to signal constellations based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), M-phase shift keying (M-PSK), multi-level quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The coded and modulated symbols may then be split into parallel streams. Each stream may then be mapped to an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time and / or frequency domain, and then combined with each other using an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to generate a physical channel carrying a time-domain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM streams are spatially precoded to generate multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from a channel estimator may be used to determine the coding and modulation scheme, as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimates may be derived from a reference signal and / or channel condition feedback transmitted by the UE 302. Each spatial stream may then be provided to one or more different antennas 356. The transmitter 354 may modulate an RF carrier with the respective spatial stream for transmission.

[0060]

[0065] At the UE 302, the receiver 312 receives the signal through its respective antenna(s) 316. The receiver 312 recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides the information to the processing system 332. The transmitter 314 and the receiver 312 implement layer 1 functions associated with various signal processing functions. The receiver 312 may perform spatial processing on the information to recover the spatial streams destined for the UE 302. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 302, they may be combined by the receiver 312 into a single OFDM symbol stream. The receiver 312 then converts the OFDM symbol stream from the time domain to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The frequency domain signal comprises a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier and the reference signal are recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation point transmitted by the base station 304. These soft decisions may be based on channel estimates calculated by a channel estimator. The soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signaling originally transmitted on the physical channel by the base station 304. The data and control signaling are then provided to a processing system 332 that implements Layer 3 and Layer 2 functions.

[0061]

[0066] In the UL, the processing system 332 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header recovery, and control signal processing to recover IP packets from the core network. The processing system 332 is also responsible for error detection.

[0062]

[0067] Similar to the functionality described with respect to DL transmission by the base station 304, the processing system 332 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIB) acquisition, RRC connection, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression and security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functionality associated with transfer of higher layer PDUs, error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto and demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from transport blocks (TBs), scheduling information reporting, error correction via HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

[0063]

[0068] Channel estimates derived by the channel estimator from a reference signal or feedback transmitted by the base station 304 may be used by the transmitter 314 to select an appropriate coding and modulation scheme and to enable spatial processing. The spatial streams generated by the transmitter 314 may be provided to different antenna(s) 316. The transmitter 314 may modulate an RF carrier with each spatial stream for transmission.

[0064]

[0069] The UL transmissions are processed at the base station 304 in a manner similar to that described with respect to the receiver function at the UE 302. The receiver 352 receives the signals through its respective antenna(s) 356. The receiver 352 recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides the information to a processing system 384.

[0065]

[0070] In the UL, the processing system 384 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header recovery, and control signal processing to recover IP packets from the UE 302. The IP packets from the processing system 384 may be provided to the core network. The processing system 384 is also responsible for error detection.

[0066]

[0071] For convenience, devices 302, 304, and / or 306 are illustrated in Figures 3A-3C as including various components that may be configured in accordance with various examples described herein, however, it will be appreciated that the illustrated blocks may have different functions in different designs.

[0067]

[0072] The various components of the devices 302, 304, and 306 may communicate with each other via data buses 334, 382, ​​and 392, respectively. The components of FIGS. 3A-3C may be implemented in various ways. In some implementations, the components of FIGS. 3A-3C may be implemented in one or more circuits, such as, for example, one or more processors and / or one or more ASICs (which may include one or more processors), where each circuit may use and / or incorporate at least one memory component for storing information or executable code used by the circuit to provide this functionality. For example, some or all of the functionality represented by blocks 310-346 may be implemented by the processor and memory component(s) of the UE 302 (e.g., by execution of appropriate code and / or by appropriate configuration of the processor components). Similarly, some or all of the functionality represented by blocks 350-388 may be implemented by the processor and memory component(s) of the base station 304 (e.g., by execution of appropriate code and / or by appropriate configuration of the processor components). Also, some or all of the functionality represented by blocks 390-396 may be implemented by a processor and memory component(s) of the network entity 306 (e.g., by execution of appropriate code and / or by appropriate configuration of the processor components). For simplicity, various operations, acts, and / or functions are described herein as being performed "by the UE," "by the base station," "by the positioning entity," etc. However, it will be appreciated that such operations, acts, and / or functions may actually be performed by a particular component or combination of components of the UE, base station, positioning entity, etc., such as the processing systems 332, 384, 394, the transceivers 310, 320, 350, and 360, the memory components 340, 386, and 396, the PRS measurement modules 342 and 388, etc.

[0068]

[0073] 4A is a diagram 400 illustrating an example of a DL frame structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure. FIG. 4B is a diagram 430 illustrating an example of channels within a DL frame structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure. Other wireless communication technologies may have different frame structures and / or different channels.

[0069]

[0074] LTE, and possibly NR, utilizes OFDM on the downlink and single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) on the uplink. However, unlike LTE, NR has the option to use OFDM on the uplink as well. OFDM and SC-FDM partition the system bandwidth into multiple (K) orthogonal subcarriers, also commonly referred to as tones, bins, etc. Each subcarrier may be modulated with data. In general, modulation symbols are sent in the frequency domain for OFDM and in the time domain for SC-FDM. The spacing between adjacent subcarriers may be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers (K) may be dependent on the system bandwidth. For example, the subcarrier spacing may be 15 kHz, and the minimum resource allocation (resource block) may be 12 subcarriers (or 180 kHz). Thus, the nominal FFT size may be equal to 128, 256, 512, 1024, or 2048 for a system bandwidth of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 megahertz (MHz), respectively. The system bandwidth may also be partitioned into subbands. For example, a subband may cover 1.08 MHz (i.e., 6 resource blocks), and there may be 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 subbands for a system bandwidth of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 MHz, respectively.

[0070]

[0075] LTE supports a single numerology (subcarrier spacing, symbol length, etc.). In contrast, NR may support multiple numerologies, e.g., subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz and 204 kHz or greater may be available. Table 1 provided below lists some various parameters for different NR numerologies.

[0071] [Table 1]

[0072]

[0076] In the example of Figures 4A and 4B, a numerology of 15 kHz is used. Thus, in the time domain, a frame (e.g., 10 ms) is divided into 10 equally sized subframes of 1 ms each, with each subframe containing one time slot. In Figures 4A and 4B, time is represented horizontally (e.g., on the X-axis), with time increasing from left to right, and frequency is represented vertically (e.g., on the Y-axis), with frequency increasing (or decreasing) from bottom to top.

[0073]

[0077] A resource grid may be used to represent a time slot, with each time slot including one or more (also called physical RB (PRB)) time-parallel resource blocks (RBs) in the frequency domain. The resource grid is further divided into multiple resource elements (REs). An RE may correspond to one symbol length in the time domain and one subcarrier in the frequency domain. In the numerology of Figures 4A and 4B, in the case of a normal cyclic prefix, an RB may include 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain and 7 consecutive symbols (OFDM symbols for DL, SC-FDMA symbols for UL) in the time domain for a total of 84 REs. In the case of an extended cyclic prefix, an RB may include 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain and 6 consecutive symbols in the time domain for a total of 72 REs. The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0074]

[0078] As shown in Figure 4A, some of the REs carry DL reference (pilot) signals (DL-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. The DL-RS may include demodulation reference signals (DMRS) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), example locations of which are labeled "R" in Figure 4A.

[0075]

[0079] FIG. 4B shows an example of various channels in a DL subframe of a frame. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DL control information (DCI) in one or more control channel elements (CCEs), each CCE containing 9 RE groups (REGs), each REG containing 4 consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol. The DCI carries information about UL resource allocation (persistent and non-persistent) and descriptions about DL data transmitted to the UE. Multiple (e.g., up to 8) DCIs may be configured in the PDCCH, and these DCIs may have one of multiple formats. For example, there are different DCI formats for UL scheduling, for non-MIMO DL scheduling, for MIMO DL scheduling, and for UL power control.

[0076]

[0080] A primary synchronization signal (PSS) is used by the UE to determine subframe / symbol timing and physical layer identity. A secondary synchronization signal (SSS) is used by the UE to determine physical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing. Based on the physical layer identity and physical layer cell identity group number, the UE can determine the PCI. Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the location of the DL-RS mentioned above. A physical broadcast channel (PBCH) carrying the MIB can be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form an SSB (also called SS / PBCH). The MIB provides the number of RBs in the DL system bandwidth and the system frame number (SFN). A physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data and broadcast system information not transmitted over the PBCH, such as system information blocks (SIBs), and paging messages.

[0077]

[0081] In some cases, the DL RS shown in FIG. 4A may be a positioning reference signal (PRS). FIG. 5 shows an example PRS configuration 500 for a cell supported by a wireless node (such as base station 102). FIG. 5 illustrates how the PRS positioning occasion is configured with a system frame number (SFN), a cell-specific subframe offset (Δ PRS )552, and PRS periodicity (T PRS ) 520. In general, the cell-specific PRS subframe configuration is determined by the “PRS configuration index” I PRS The PRS periodicity (T PRS ) 520 and cell-specific subframe offset (Δ PRS ) is the PRS composition index I PRS It is defined based on:

[0078] [Table 2]

[0079]

[0082] The PRS configuration is defined with reference to the SFN of the cell that transmits the PRS. A PRS instance is the Nth PRS instance that comprises the first PRS positioning occasion. PRS For a first subframe of the downlink subframes,

[0080]

number

[0081] where n f , 0≦n f SFN ≦ 1023, n s , 0≦n s n ≦ 19 f is the slot number in the radio frame defined by T PRS is the PRS periodicity 520, and Δ PRSis the cell-specific subframe offset 552.

[0082]

[0083] As shown in FIG. 5, the cell-specific subframe offset Δ PRS 552 may be defined in terms of the number of subframes transmitted starting from system frame number 0 (slot "number 0", marked as slot 550) until the start of the first (subsequent) PRS positioning occasion. In the example in FIG. 5, the number of consecutive positioning subframes (N PRS ) is equal to 4, that is, each shaded block representing PRS positioning occasions 518a, 518b, and 518c represents four subframes.

[0083]

[0084] In some aspects, the UE may include a PRS configuration index I in the OTDOA assistance data for a particular cell. PRS When receiving the PRS, the UE uses Table 2 to determine the PRS periodicity T PRS 520 and PRS Subframe Offset Δ PRS The UE may then determine (e.g., using equation (1)) the radio frame, subframe, and slot when the PRS is scheduled in the cell. The OTDOA assistance data may be determined, for example, by a location server (e.g., location server 230, LMF 270) and includes assistance data for the reference cell and several neighbor cells supported by various base stations.

[0084]

[0085] In general, PRS occasions from all cells in a network using the same frequency may be aligned in time and have a fixed, known time offset (e.g., cell-specific subframe offset 552) relative to other cells in a network using a different frequency. In an SFN synchronous network, all wireless nodes (e.g., base stations 102) may be aligned with respect to both frame boundaries and system frame numbers. Thus, in an SFN synchronous network, all cells supported by various wireless nodes may use the same PRS configuration index for a particular frequency of PRS transmission. On the other hand, in an SFN asynchronous network, various wireless nodes may be aligned with respect to frame boundaries but not with system frame numbers. Thus, in an SFN asynchronous network, the PRS configuration index for each cell may be configured separately by the network such that the PRS occasions are aligned in time.

[0085]

[0086] A UE may determine the timing of PRS occasions of the reference cell and neighbor cells for OTDOA positioning if the UE can acquire the cell timing (e.g., SFN) of at least one of the cells, e.g., the reference cell or the serving cell. The timing of other cells may then be derived by the UE, e.g., based on the assumption that PRS occasions from different cells overlap.

[0086]

[0087] 3GPP Rel.16 introduced various NR positioning aspects aimed at increasing the location accuracy of positioning schemes involving measurement(s) associated with one or more UL or DL ​​PRSs (e.g., higher bandwidth (BW), FR2 beam sweeping, angle-based measurements such as angle of arrival (AoA) and angle of departure (AoD) measurements, multi-cell round trip time (RTT) measurements, etc.). When latency reduction is a priority, UE-based positioning techniques (e.g., DL-only techniques without UL location measurement reporting) are typically used. However, when latency is less of a concern, UE-assisted positioning techniques may be used whereby UE measurement data is reported to a network entity (e.g., location server 230, LMF 270, etc.). The latency-related UE-assisted positioning techniques may be somewhat reduced by implementing an LMF in the RAN.

[0087]

[0088] Layer 3 (L3) signaling (e.g., RRC or Location Positioning Protocol (LPP)) is typically used to transport reports comprising location-based data in connection with UE-assisted positioning techniques. L3 signaling is associated with a relatively high latency (e.g., greater than 100 ms) compared to Layer 1 (L1, or PHY layer) signaling or Layer 2 (L2, or MAC layer) signaling. In some cases, lower latency (e.g., less than 100 ms, less than 10 ms, etc.) between the UE and the RAN for location-based reporting may be desired. In such cases, L3 signaling may not be able to reach these lower latency levels. L3 signaling for positioning measurements may comprise any combination of the following:

[0088] One or more TOA, TDOA, RSRP or Rx-Tx measurements; · One or more AoA / AoD measurements (e.g. currently only DL AoA and UL AoD are agreed for gNB->LMF reporting), One or more multipath reporting measurements, e.g., per-path ToA, RSRP, AoA / AoD (e.g., currently only per-path ToA is enabled in LTE); One or more motion states (e.g., walking, driving, etc.) and trajectories (e.g., currently for the UE); and / or One or more reported quality indications.

[0089] L1 and L2 signaling is not currently used in connection with PRS-based reporting. However, L1 and L2 signaling is currently used in some systems to transport CSI reports (e.g., reports of channel quality indication (CQI), precoding matrix indicator (PMI), layer indicator (Li), L1-RSRP, etc.). A CSI report may comprise a set of fields in a predefined order (e.g., defined by a relevant standard). A single UL transmission (e.g., on a PUSCH or PUCCH) may include multiple reports, referred to herein as “sub-reports”, that are configured according to a predefined priority (e.g., defined by a relevant standard). In some designs, the predefined order may be based on the associated sub-report periodicity (e.g., aperiodic / semi-persistent / periodic (A / SP / P) over PUSCH / PUCCH), measurement type (e.g., L1-RSRP or not), serving cell index (e.g., in case of carrier aggregation (CA)), and reportconfigID. In two-part CSI reporting, part 1 of all reports is grouped together and part 2 is grouped separately, and each group is coded separately (e.g., part 1 payload size is fixed based on configuration parameters, while part 2 size is variable and depends on the configuration parameters and on the associated part 1 content). The number of coded bits / symbols to be output after encoding and rate matching is calculated based on the number of input bits and a beta factor for each associated standard. A linkage (e.g., time offset) is defined between the instance of the RS being measured and the corresponding report.

[0090]

[0090] Embodiments are directed to CSI-like reporting of PRS-based measurement data using L1 and L2 signaling. Such an approach provides various technical advantages over L3 signaling techniques for reporting of PRS-based measurement data, such as reduced latency, faster determination of UE position estimates, etc. These embodiments are described below with reference to Figures 6-7.

[0091]

[0091] Figure 6 illustrates an example process 600 for wireless communication according to an aspect of the disclosure. In one aspect, the process 600 may be performed by a UE, such as the UE 302 of Figure 3A.

[0092] At 610, the UE obtains (e.g., via at least one transceiver) measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS). In one example, the measurement data may be associated with a single measurement of the at least one PRS, or alternatively, may be associated with a group of measurements of the at least one PRS. Various criteria by which PRS measurements may be grouped together are described in more detail below. In one aspect, the operation 610 may be performed by the receiver(s) 312, the WWAN transceiver 310, the processing system 332, the memory 340, the PRS measurement module 342, the sensor(s) 344, etc.

[0093] At 620, the UE transmits a first PSI report to a base station (BS) at a first L1 or L2 positioning status information (PSI) reporting occasion (e.g., via at least one transceiver), indicating a first set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data. In one example, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion may resemble a CSI-like part 1 in the case of a PRS-based measurement scenario. In one example, the first set of measurements may comprise one or more specific or individual values, one or more ranges of values, or a combination thereof. In one aspect, the operation 620 may be performed by the transmitter(s) 314, the WWAN transceiver 310, the processing system 332, the memory 340, the PRS measurement module 342, etc.

[0094]

[0094] In 630, the UE transmits to the BS (e.g., via at least one transceiver) at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion a second PSI report indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements. In one example, the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion may resemble a CSI-like part 2 in the case of a PRS-based measurement scenario. In one example, the second set of measurements may comprise one or more specific or individual values ​​(e.g., Rx-Tx timing offset, etc.), one or more ranges of values, or a combination thereof. In one aspect, the operation 620 may be performed by the transmitter(s) 314, the WWAN transceiver 310, the processing system 332, the memory 340, the PRS measurement module 342, etc.

[0095]

[0095] Figure 7 illustrates an example process 700 for wireless communication according to an aspect of the disclosure. In one aspect, the process 700 may be performed by a BS, such as the BS 304 of Figure 3B.

[0096]

[0096] At 710, the BS receives from a user equipment (UE) (e.g., via at least one transceiver) at a first L1 or L2 positioning status information (PSI) reporting occasion a first PSI report indicating a first set of measurements associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS). In one example, the measurement data may be associated with a single measurement of the at least one PRS, or alternatively, may be associated with a group of measurements of the at least one PRS. Various criteria by which PRS measurements may be grouped together are described in more detail below. In one example, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion may resemble a CSI-like part 1 in the case of a PRS-based measurement scenario. In one example, the first set of measurements may comprise one or more specific or individual values, one or more ranges of values, or a combination thereof. In one aspect, the operation 710 may be performed by the receiver(s) 352, the WWAN transceiver 350, the processing system 384, the memory 386, the PRS measurement module 388, and the like.

[0097]

[0097] At 720, the BS receives from the UE (e.g., via at least one transceiver) at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion a second PSI report indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements. In one example, the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion may resemble a CSI-like part 2 in the case of a PRS-based measurement scenario. In one example, the second set of measurements may comprise one or more specific or individual values, one or more ranges of values, or a combination thereof. In one aspect, the operation 720 may be performed by the receiver(s) 352, the WWAN transceiver 350, the processing system 384, the memory 386, the PRS measurement module 388, etc.

[0098]

[0098] Referring to Figures 6-7, in some designs, a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity may be used to report relatively "coarse" measurement data for a particular PRS(s) in a relatively short amount of time (low latency), while a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity may be used to report improved (e.g., more accurate, more granular, in a narrower range, etc.) measurement data for those same PRS(s), even if with more delay or latency.

[0099] 6-7, as described above, the measurement data may be associated with a group of measurements of at least one PRS in some designs. Measurement type (e.g. timing measurements, signal quality measurements such as RSRP, etc.), Positioning techniques, Whether the measurement is related to the earliest time of arrival (TOA) or to multipath; Positioning Frequency Layer (PFL), Transmit Receive Points (TRPs) (e.g., RSTD, RSRP, Rx-Tx, quality metrics, etc. for a specific TRP or group of TRPs), Frequency range (FR) (e.g. if measurements are derived using PRS / SRS in FR1 then it is one report mapping, if several PRS / SRS are configured in FR2 then these FR2 measurements may map to different reports); Reference signal type (e.g. one reporting mapping for PRS-based measurements, another reporting mapping for TRS- or SSB-based measurements), or Any combination thereof The devices are grouped based on one or more of the following:

[0100] 6-7, in some designs, the first L1 or L2 PSI report may comprise a set of measurements for a larger group of measurement types compared to the second L1 or L2 PSI report. In one example, the first L1 or L2 PSI report may comprise measurements associated with all timing measurements, and each of the multiple second L1 or L2 PSI reports may comprise a subset of these timing measurements and be associated with the first L1 or L2 PSI report (e.g., one for RSTD, one for Rx-Tx, etc.). In another example, the first L1 or L2 PSI report may comprise measurements associated with all RSTDs of the PFLs, and the associated second L1 or L2 PSI report may comprise a subset of these measurements (e.g., the RSTD(s) of the PFLs for a particular TRP).

[0101] 6-7, in some designs, the first set of measurements and the second set of measurements may be explicitly indicated (or included within) the respective L1 or L2 PSI report. In other designs, the first set of measurements and the second set of measurements may be indicated via an index that references a predefined table known to both the UE and the BS.

[0102] 6-7, in some designs, the first set of measurements and the second set of measurements are associated with a first measurement type (e.g., TOA, TDOA, RSRP or Rx-Tx measurements, AoA / AoD, multipath, motion state, quality indication, etc.). In one example, the first set of measurements is associated with a first granularity (e.g., a first quality level, such as a first step size), and the second set of measurements is associated with a second granularity (e.g., a second step size smaller than the first step size) that is higher than the first granularity. In another example, the first set of measurements is associated with a first range (e.g., a relatively wide / coarse range), and the second set of measurements is associated with a second range (e.g., a narrower range that is more precise than the wider range) that is lower than the first range. In a particular example, the first granularity and / or the first range may be based on an associated legacy granularity / range from Rel. 16 for the respective measurement type.

[0103]

[0103] In some designs, the second granularity and / or the second range may be based on the first PSI report. In some designs, for the first granularity in the first PSI report, the second granularity may be specified in terms of a minimum value, a maximum value, a step size, linear scaling, or logarithmic scaling. In some designs, for the first range in the first PSI report, the second range may be specified in terms of a minimum value and a maximum value. In some designs, the minimum value and / or maximum value (e.g., in the respective mapping table) may be in a linear domain, while in other designs, the minimum value and / or maximum value may be in a logarithmic domain (e.g., dB). In one example, if the first PSI report indicates an RSTD range from [-100,100] nanoseconds with a step size of 10 nanoseconds, the second PSI report may indicate an improved RSTD range of [-20,20] with a step size of 1 nanosecond. In one example, the first PSI report may further include a third set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the third set of measurements being associated with a second measurement type. In this case, the second granularity and / or the second range may be dynamically configured based on the third set of measurements. In a particular example, the second measurement type may correspond to a speed measurement of the UE. In this case, in response to the speed measurement exceeding a speed threshold, the second granularity (e.g., for RSTD, RSRP, Rx-Tx, quality metric measurements, etc.) may be set to a higher granularity relative to a default granularity and / or the second range (e.g., for RSTD, RSRP, Rx-Tx, quality metric measurements, etc.) may be set to a narrower range relative to a default granularity. In other words, if the UE is moving relatively quickly, the delayed second PSI report has a lower relative priority and therefore, it is less important to obtain a more precise location estimate (e.g., by maximizing its respective granularity and / or minimizing its respective range). However, if the UE is stationary or moving relatively slowly, the delayed second PSI report has a higher relative priority and therefore it is of greater importance to obtain a more precise location estimate (e.g., maximizing its respective granularity and / or minimizing its respective range). In other designs, the first PSI report may have a higher priority than the second PSI report by default.

[0104]

[0104] In other designs, the second granularity and / or the second range may be unrelated to the first PSI report. For example, in the absence of side information to aid the UE's positioning determination, the network may just configure two unrelated PSI report mappings with different granularities / ranges. In this case, a problem arises regarding how to handle the relative priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report with respect to positioning robustness. In some designs, the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report by default. Such a configuration may benefit in obtaining a meaningful (albeit less precise) positioning estimate in a reasonable amount of time. In other designs, the priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report may be dynamically determined. In one example, the priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report is dynamically determined based on historical PSI report information. In a further example, the historical PSI report information may indicate that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has been below a threshold value for at least a threshold time period, and the second PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the first PSI report. In a particular example, the at least one measurement value may be associated with a speed of the UE. Thus, if the UE is fast moving (speed above the threshold value), the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report. Alternatively, in one example, if the UE is static or slow moving (speed below the threshold value), the first PSI report may be associated with a lower priority than the second PSI report. In one example, the PSI report type associated with a higher priority may be allocated more L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunities (i.e., may be transmitted more frequently), either aperiodically or periodically. In another example, the PSI report type associated with a higher priority may be transmitted earlier than the PSI report type associated with a lower priority. For example, if the PUSCH payload size does not fit two PSI reports, the UE may report a PSI report with a higher priority and postpone the PSI report with a lower priority for the next PSI reporting opportunity.From a signaling perspective, the UE may indicate whether a particular PSI report corresponds to a first L1 or L2 PSI report or a second L1 or L2 PSI report (e.g., each being a separate PSI report type). In another example, a PSI report type associated with a higher priority may be triggered differently than a PSI report type associated with a lower priority. For example, a PSI report type with a higher priority may be triggered via DCI (e.g., low latency, on-demand reporting), while a PSI report type with a lower priority may be scheduled periodically (e.g., with a relatively low periodicity).

[0105] 6-7, in some designs, the second PSI report may include reference information for correlating the second set of measurements to the first set of measurements. For example, the reference information may comprise a time index, a report identifier, or a combination thereof.

[0106] 6-7, in some designs, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled periodically. For example, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity may be scheduled according to a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) protocol. In some designs, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a first periodicity, and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is also scheduled according to the first periodicity. In other words, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity have the same periodicity. In this case, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity may be offset from each other by a given slot offset, which may be predefined or dynamically configured (e.g., via RRC signaling, etc.). In any of the above examples in which the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and / or the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled periodically, a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) protocol may be used to enable the periodic scheduling in some designs.

[0107]

[0107] In an alternative example, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a first periodicity, and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a second periodicity. In some designs, the first periodicity is longer than the second periodicity such that there are fewer first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunities relative to the second first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity. In one example, the first periodicity may be set to be longer than the second periodicity in response to detecting that at least one measurement associated with the UE falls below a threshold (e.g., the speed of the UE falls below a speed threshold, indicating a static UE that may benefit more from second L1 or L2 reporting over time). In other designs, the second periodicity may be longer than the first periodicity. For example, the second periodicity is set to be longer than the first periodicity in response to detecting that at least one measurement associated with the UE is greater than or equal to a threshold (e.g., the UE's speed is greater than or equal to a speed threshold, indicating a UE in motion, which may benefit from a lower latency, lower accuracy first L1 or L2 report rather than a higher accuracy, higher latency second L1 or L2 report).

[0108] 6-7, in some designs, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled aperiodically. In one example, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity may be triggered on-demand via downlink control information (DCI) communication associated with different offsets.

[0109]

[0109] In the above detailed description, it can be seen that different features are grouped together in examples. This mode of disclosure should not be understood as an intention that the exemplary clauses have more features than those explicitly stated in each clause. Rather, various aspects of the present disclosure may include fewer than all features of each exemplary clause disclosed. Thus, the following clauses should be considered to be incorporated herein, and each clause can exist as a separate example by itself. Although each dependent clause may refer to a specific combination with one of the other clauses in the clause, the aspect(s) of that dependent clause are not limited to a specific combination. It will be appreciated that other exemplary clauses may also include combinations of the dependent clause aspect(s) with any other dependent clause or independent clause subject matter, or combinations of any features with other dependent and independent clauses. Various aspects disclosed herein expressly include these combinations, unless it is expressly expressed or can be easily inferred that a particular combination is not intended (e.g., inconsistent aspects, such as defining an element as both an insulator and a conductor). Moreover, it is also contemplated that aspects of a clause may be included in any other independent clause, even if that clause is not directly dependent on that independent clause.

[0110]

[0110] Implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses.

[0111]

[0111] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that information and signals may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0112]

[0112] Clause 1. A method of operating a user equipment (UE), comprising: obtaining measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); transmitting a first positioning status information (PSI) report to a base station (BS) at a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion indicating a first set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; transmitting a second PSI report to the BS at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the second set of measurements indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements.

[0113]

[0113] Clause 2. The method of clause 1, wherein the measurement data is associated with a single measurement of at least one PRS.

[0114]

[0114] Clause 3. A method according to any one of clauses 1 to 2, wherein the measurement data is associated with a group of measurements of at least one PRS.

[0115]

[0115] Clause 4. The method described in clause 3, wherein the groups of measurements are grouped based on one or more of the following: measurement type, positioning technique, whether the measurement is associated with earliest time of arrival (TOA) or multipath, positioning frequency layer (PFL), transmit receiving point (TRP), frequency range (FR), reference signal type, or any combination thereof.

[0116]

[0116] Clause 5. The method of any of clauses 1 to 4, wherein the first set of measurements and the second set of measurements are associated with a first measurement type.

[0117]

[0117] Clause 6. The method of clause 5, wherein a first set of measurements is associated with a first granularity and / or a first range, and a second set of measurements is associated with a second granularity higher than the first granularity and / or a second range narrower than the first range.

[0118]

[0118] Clause 7. The method of clause 6, wherein the second granularity and / or the second range is independent of the first PSI report.

[0119]

[0119] Clause 8. The method of clause 7, wherein a first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than a second PSI report.

[0120]

[0120] Clause 9. The method of any of clauses 7 to 8, wherein the priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report is dynamically determined.

[0121]

[0121] Clause 10. The method of clause 9, wherein the priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report is dynamically determined based on historical PSI report information.

[0122]

[0122] Clause 11. The method of clause 10, wherein the historical PSI report information indicates that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has been below a threshold for at least a threshold time period, and the second PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the first PSI report.

[0123]

[0123] Clause 12. A method according to any of clauses 10 to 11, wherein the historical PSI report information indicates that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has been above a threshold for at least a threshold time period, and the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report.

[0124]

[0124] Clause 13. The method of any of clauses 6 to 12, wherein the second granularity and / or the second range is based on a first PSI report.

[0125]

[0125] Clause 14. The method of clause 13, wherein the first PSI report further includes a third set of measurements associated with at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the third set of measurements being associated with a second measurement type, and the second granularity and / or second range being dynamically configured based on the third set of measurements.

[0126]

[0126] Clause 15. The method of clause 14, wherein the second measurement type includes a speed measurement of the UE.

[0127]

[0127] Clause 16. The method of clause 15, wherein in response to the speed measurement exceeding a speed threshold, the second granularity is set to a higher granularity relative to the default granularity and / or the second range is set to a narrower range relative to the default range.

[0128]

[0128] Clause 17. The method of any of clauses 1 to 16, wherein the second PSI report includes reference information for correlating the second set of measurements to the first set of measurements.

[0129]

[0129] Clause 18. The method of any of clauses 19 to 17, wherein the reference information comprises a time index, a report identifier, or a combination thereof.

[0130]

[0130] Clause 19. The method of any of clauses 1 to 18, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled periodically.

[0131]

[0131] Clause 20. The method of clause 19, wherein a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a first periodicity, and a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to the first periodicity.

[0132]

[0132] Clause 21. A method according to any of clauses 19 to 20, wherein a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a first periodicity and a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a second periodicity.

[0133]

[0133] Clause 22. The method of clause 21, wherein the first periodicity is longer than the second periodicity.

[0134]

[0134] Clause 23. The method of clause 22, wherein the first periodicity is set to be longer than the second periodicity in response to detecting that at least one measurement value associated with the UE falls below a threshold.

[0135]

[0135] Clause 24. The method of any one of clauses 21 to 23, wherein the second periodicity is longer than the first periodicity.

[0136]

[0136] Clause 25. The method of clause 24, wherein the second periodicity is set to be longer than the first periodicity in response to detecting that at least one measurement value associated with the UE is greater than or equal to a threshold value.

[0137]

[0137] Clause 26. The method of any of clauses 1 to 25, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled according to a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) protocol.

[0138]

[0138] Clause 27. A method according to any one of clauses 1 to 26, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and / or the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are triggered aperiodically.

[0139]

[0139] Clause 28. The method of clause 27, wherein a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are triggered on demand via downlink control information (DCI) communications associated with different offsets.

[0140]

[0140] Clause 29. A method of operating a base station (BS), comprising: receiving a first positioning status information (PSI) report from a user equipment (UE) at a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurements associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); receiving a second PSI report from the UE at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements.

[0141]

[0141] Clause 30. The method of clause 29, wherein the measurement data is associated with a single measurement of at least one PRS.

[0142]

[0142] Clause 31. A method according to any of clauses 29 to 30, wherein the measurement data is associated with a group of measurements of at least one PRS.

[0143]

[0143] Clause 32. The method of clause 31, wherein the groups of measurements are grouped based on one or more of the following: measurement type, positioning technique, whether the measurement is associated with an earliest time of arrival (TOA) or multipath, positioning frequency layer (PFL), transmit receiving point (TRP), frequency range (FR), reference signal type, or any combination thereof.

[0144]

[0144] Clause 33. The method of any of clauses 29 to 32, wherein the first set of measurements and the second set of measurements are associated with a first measurement type.

[0145]

[0145] Clause 34. The method of clause 33, wherein a first set of measurements is associated with a first granularity and / or a first range, and a second set of measurements is associated with a second granularity higher than the first granularity and / or a second range narrower than the first range.

[0146]

[0146] Clause 35. The method of clause 34, wherein the second granularity and / or the second range is independent of the first PSI report.

[0147]

[0147] Clause 36. The method of clause 35, wherein a first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than a second PSI report.

[0148]

[0148] Clause 37. The method of any of clauses 35 to 36, wherein the priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report is dynamically determined.

[0149]

[0149] Clause 38. The method of clause 37, wherein the priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report is dynamically determined based on historical PSI report information.

[0150]

[0150] Clause 39. The method of clause 38, wherein the historical PSI report information indicates that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has been below a threshold for at least a threshold time period, and the second PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the first PSI report.

[0151]

[0151] Clause 40. A method according to any of clauses 38 to 39, wherein the historical PSI report information indicates that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has been above a threshold for at least a threshold time period, and the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report.

[0152]

[0152] Clause 41. The method of any of clauses 34 to 40, wherein the second granularity and / or the second range is based on a first PSI report.

[0153]

[0153] Clause 42. The method of clause 41, wherein the first PSI report further includes a third set of measurements associated with at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the third set of measurements associated with a second measurement type, and the second granularity and / or second range are dynamically configured based on the third set of measurements.

[0154]

[0154] Clause 43. The method of clause 42, wherein the second measurement type includes a speed measurement of the UE.

[0155]

[0155] Clause 44. The method of clause 43, wherein in response to the speed measurement exceeding a speed threshold, the second granularity is set to a higher granularity relative to the default granularity and / or the second range is set to a narrower range relative to the default range.

[0156]

[0156] Clause 45. The method of any of clauses 29 to 44, wherein the second PSI report includes reference information for correlating the second set of measurements to the first set of measurements.

[0157]

[0157] Clause 46. The method of clause 45, wherein the reference information comprises a time index, a report identifier, or a combination thereof.

[0158]

[0158] Clause 47. The method of any of clauses 29 to 46, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled periodically.

[0159]

[0159] Clause 48. The method of clause 47, wherein a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a first periodicity, and a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to the first periodicity.

[0160]

[0160] Clause 49. The method of any of clauses 47 to 48, wherein a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a first periodicity and a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a second periodicity.

[0161]

[0161] Clause 50. The method of clause 49, wherein the first periodicity is longer than the second periodicity.

[0162]

[0162] Clause 51. The method of clause 50, wherein the first periodicity is set to be longer than the second periodicity in response to detecting that at least one measurement value associated with the UE falls below a threshold.

[0163]

[0163] Clause 52. The method of any of clauses 48 to 51, wherein the second periodicity is longer than the first periodicity.

[0164]

[0164] Clause 53. The method of clause 52, wherein the second periodicity is set to be longer than the first periodicity in response to detecting that at least one measurement value associated with the UE is greater than or equal to a threshold value.

[0165]

[0165] Clause 54. The method of any of clauses 29 to 53, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled according to a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) protocol.

[0166]

[0166] Clause 55. The method of any of clauses 29 to 54, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and / or the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is triggered aperiodically.

[0167]

[0167] Clause 56. The method of clause 55, wherein a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are triggered on demand via downlink control information (DCI) communications associated with different offsets.

[0168]

[0168] Clause 57. An apparatus comprising a memory and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory, wherein the memory and the at least one processor are configured to perform a method according to any one of clauses 1 to 56.

[0169]

[0169] Clause 58. An apparatus comprising means for carrying out the method according to any one of clauses 1 to 56.

[0170]

[0170] Clause 59. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions, the computer-executable comprising at least one instruction for causing a computer or processor to perform a method according to any one of clauses 1 to 56.

[0171]

[0171] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, the various exemplary components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those skilled in the art may implement the described functionality in various ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0172]

[0172] The various example logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented or performed using a general purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0173]

[0173] The methods, sequences and / or algorithms described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented directly in hardware, or in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. The software module may reside in a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a read only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a register, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. Alternatively, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a user terminal (e.g., UE). Alternatively, the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a user terminal.

[0174]

[0174] In one or more exemplary aspects, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or code. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media, including any medium that enables transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Storage media may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media may comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of the medium. As used herein, disk and disc include compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc, where disks typically reproduce data magnetically and discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0175]

[0175] Although the above disclosure illustrates exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, it should be noted that various changes and modifications may be made herein without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims. The functions, steps and / or actions of the method claims according to the aspects of the present disclosure described herein need not be performed in any particular order. Furthermore, although elements of the present disclosure may be described or claimed in the singular, the plural is contemplated unless limitation to the singular is explicitly stated. The invention as described in the claims of the original application is set forth below. [C1] A method of operating a user equipment (UE), comprising: Obtaining measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); transmitting a first positioning status information (PSI) report to a base station (BS) at a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; transmitting a second PSI report to the BS at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements; A method comprising: [C2] The method of C1, wherein the measurement data is associated with a single measurement of the at least one PRS. [C3] The method of C1, wherein the measurement data is associated with a group of measurements of the at least one PRS. [C4] The group of measurements Measurement type, Positioning techniques, Whether the measurement is related to the earliest time of arrival (TOA) or multipath; Positioning Frequency Layer (PFL), Transmitting Receiving Point (TRP), Frequency range (FR), Reference signal type, or any combination thereof, The method of claim 3, wherein the grouping is based on one or more of: [C5] The method of C1, wherein the first set of measurements and the second set of measurements are associated with a first measurement type. [C6] The first set of measurements is associated with a first granularity and / or a first range, and the second set of measurements is associated with a second granularity higher than the first granularity and / or a second range lower than the first range. The method according to C5. [C7] The method of C6, wherein the second granularity and / or the second range is independent of the first PSI report. [C8] The method of C7, wherein the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report. [C9] The method according to C7, wherein the priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report is dynamically determined. [C10] The method of C9, wherein the priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report is dynamically determined based on historical PSI report information. [C11] The method of C10, wherein the historical PSI report information indicates that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has been below a threshold for at least a threshold time period and the second PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the first PSI report. [C12] The method of C10, wherein the historical PSI report information indicates that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has exceeded a threshold value for at least a threshold time period, and the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report. [C13] The method of C6, wherein the second particle size and / or the second range is based on the first PSI report. [C14] The first PSI report further includes a third set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; the third set of measurements is associated with a second measurement type; the second granularity and / or the second range are dynamically configured based on the third set of measurements. The method according to C13. [C15] The method according to C14, wherein the second measurement type includes a speed measurement of the UE. [C16] The method of C15, wherein in response to the speed measurement exceeding a speed threshold, the second granularity is set to a higher granularity relative to a default granularity and / or the second range is set to a narrower range relative to a default range. [C17] The method of C1, wherein the second PSI report includes reference information for correlating the second set of measurements to the first set of measurements. [C18] The method of C17, wherein the reference information comprises a time index, a report identifier, or a combination thereof. [C19] The method of C1, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled periodically. [C20] the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a first periodicity; the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to the first periodicity. The method according to C19. [C21] the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a first periodicity; the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a second periodicity. The method according to C19. [C22] The method according to C21, wherein the first periodicity is longer than the second periodicity. [C23] The method of C22, wherein the first periodicity is set to be longer than the second periodicity in response to detecting that at least one measurement value associated with the UE falls below a threshold. [C24] The method of C21, wherein the second periodicity is longer than the first periodicity. [C25] The method of C24, wherein the second periodicity is set to be longer than the first periodicity in response to detecting that at least one measurement value associated with the UE is greater than or equal to a threshold. [C26] The method of C1, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled according to a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) protocol. [C27] The method of C1, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and / or the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are triggered aperiodically. [C28] The method of C27, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are triggered on demand via downlink control information (DCI) communications associated with different offsets. [C29] A method of operating a base station (BS), comprising: receiving a first positioning status information (PSI) report from a user equipment (UE) at a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the PSI report indicating a first set of measurements associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); receiving a second PSI report from the UE at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements; A method comprising: [C30] The method of C29, wherein the measurement data is associated with a single measurement of the at least one PRS. [C31] The method of C29, wherein the measurement data is associated with a group of measurements of the at least one PRS. [C32] The said group of measurements Measurement type, Positioning techniques, Whether the measurement is related to the earliest time of arrival (TOA) or multipath; Positioning Frequency Layer (PFL), Transmitting Receiving Point (TRP), Frequency range (FR), Reference signal type, or any combination thereof, The method of claim 31, wherein the items are grouped based on one or more of: [C33] The method of C29, wherein the first set of measurements and the second set of measurements are associated with a first measurement type. [C34] The first set of measurements is associated with a first grain size and / or a first range, and the second set of measurements is associated with a second grain size higher than the first grain size and / or a second range lower than the first range. The method according to C33. [C35] The method of C34, wherein the second particle size and / or the second range are independent of the first PSI report. [C36] The method of C35, wherein the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report. [C37] The method of C35, wherein the priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report is dynamically determined. [C38] The method of C37, wherein the priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report is dynamically determined based on historical PSI report information. [C39] The method of C38, wherein the historical PSI report information indicates that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has been below a threshold for at least a threshold time period and the second PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the first PSI report. [C40] The method of C38, wherein the historical PSI report information indicates that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has exceeded a threshold value for at least a threshold time period, and the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report. [C41] The method of C34, wherein the second particle size and / or the second range is based on the first PSI report. [C42] The first PSI report further includes a third set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; the third set of measurements is associated with a second measurement type; the second granularity and / or the second range are dynamically configured based on the third set of measurements. The method described in C41. [C43] The method of C42, wherein the second measurement type includes a speed measurement of the UE. [C44] The method of C43, wherein in response to the speed measurement exceeding a speed threshold, the second granularity is set to a higher granularity relative to a default granularity and / or the second range is set to a narrower range relative to a default range. [C45] The method of C29, wherein the second PSI report includes reference information for correlating the second set of measurements to the first set of measurements. [C46] The method of C45, wherein the reference information comprises a time index, a report identifier, or a combination thereof. [C47] The method of C29, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled periodically. [C48] the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a first periodicity; the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to the first periodicity. The method described in C47. [C49] the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a first periodicity; the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a second periodicity. The method described in C47. [C50] The method of C49, wherein the first periodicity is longer than the second periodicity. [C51] The method of C50, wherein the first periodicity is set to be longer than the second periodicity in response to detecting that at least one measurement associated with the UE falls below a threshold. [C52] The method of C48, wherein the second periodicity is longer than the first periodicity. [C53] The method of C52, wherein the second periodicity is set to be longer than the first periodicity in response to detecting that at least one measurement value associated with the UE is greater than or equal to a threshold. [C54] The method of C29, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled according to a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) protocol. [C55] The method of C29, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and / or the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are triggered aperiodically. [C56] The method of C55, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are triggered on demand via downlink control information (DCI) communications associated with different offsets. [C57] means for obtaining measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); means for transmitting a first Positioning Status Information (PSI) report to a base station (BS) at a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; means for transmitting to the BS at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion a second PSI report indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements; A user equipment (UE) comprising: [C58] means for receiving a first Positioning Status Information (PSI) report from a user equipment (UE) at a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurements associated with measurement data associated with at least one Positioning Reference Signal (PRS); means for receiving from the UE at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion a second PSI report indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements; A base station (BS) comprising: [C59] Memory and At least one transceiver; at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and to the at least one transceiver; 11. A user equipment (UE) comprising: obtaining, via the at least one transceiver, measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); transmitting a first positioning status information (PSI) report to a base station (BS) via the at least one transceiver at a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; transmitting a second PSI report to the BS via the at least one transceiver at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements; A user equipment (UE) configured to perform the above. [C60] Memory and At least one transceiver; at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and to the at least one transceiver; A base station (BS) comprising: receiving a first positioning status information (PSI) report from a user equipment (UE) via the at least one transceiver at a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the PSI report indicating a first set of measurements associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); receiving a second PSI report from the UE via the at least one transceiver at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements; A base station (BS) configured to perform the above. [C61] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions, the computer-executable instructions comprising: at least one instruction to instruct a user equipment (UE) to obtain measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); at least one instruction to instruct the UE to transmit a first Positioning Status Information (PSI) report to a base station (BS) at a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; at least one instruction to instruct the UE to transmit to the BS at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion a second PSI report indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements; 1. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising: [C62] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions, the computer-executable instructions comprising: at least one instruction to instruct a base station (BS) to receive a first PSI report from a user equipment (UE) at a first L1 or L2 positioning status information (PSI) reporting occasion, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurements associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); at least one instruction to instruct the BS to receive from the UE at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion a second PSI report indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements; 1. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising:

Claims

1. 1. A method of operating a user equipment (UE), comprising: Obtaining measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); transmitting a first Positioning Status Information (PSI) report to a base station (BS) at a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; transmitting a second PSI report to the BS at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements; the first set of measurements being associated with a first granularity and / or a first range; the second set of measurements is associated with a second granularity higher than the first granularity and / or a second range narrower than the first range; A method comprising:

2. 1. A method of operating a base station (BS), comprising: receiving a first positioning status information (PSI) report from a user equipment (UE) at a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the PSI report indicating a first set of measurements associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); receiving a second PSI report from the UE at a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion subsequent to the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting occasion, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurements being refined from the first set of measurements; the first set of measurements being associated with a first granularity and / or a first range; the second set of measurements is associated with a second granularity higher than the first granularity and / or a second range narrower than the first range; A method comprising:

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the measurement data is associated with a single measurement of the at least one PRS or a group of measurements of the at least one PRS.

4. Said group of measurements comprises: Measurement type, Positioning techniques, Whether the measurement is related to the earliest time of arrival (TOA) or to multipath; Positioning Frequency Layer (PFL), Transmit Receiving Point (TRP), Frequency range (FR), Reference signal type, or any combination thereof, The method of claim 3 , wherein the plurality of objects are grouped based on one or more of:

5. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first set of measurements and the second set of measurements are associated with a first measurement type.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein in the absence of side information to assist in determining the positioning of the UE, the second granularity and / or the second range are independent of the first PSI report.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein a priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report is dynamically determined based on historical PSI report information.

8. the historical PSI report information indicates that at least one measurement associated with the UE has been below a threshold for at least a threshold time period and the second PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the first PSI report; or 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the historical PSI report information indicates that at least one measurement associated with the UE has been above a threshold for at least a threshold time period and the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report.

9. the first PSI report further includes a third set of measurements associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; the third set of measurements is associated with a second measurement type; the second granularity and / or the second range are dynamically configured based on the third set of measurements; and optionally the second measurement type includes a speed measurement of the UE; 3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein in response to the speed measurement exceeding a speed threshold, the second granularity is set to a higher granularity relative to a default granularity and / or the second range is set to a narrower range relative to a default range.

10. The second PSI report includes reference information for correlating the second set of measurements to the first set of measurements, and optionally The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the reference information comprises a time index, a report identifier, or a combination thereof.

11. the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled periodically, and optionally the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a first periodicity; the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to the first periodicity or the second periodicity; The method according to claim 1 or 2.

12. the first periodicity is longer than the second periodicity, or the second periodicity is longer than the first periodicity; the first periodicity is configured to be longer than the second periodicity in response to detecting at least one measurement associated with the UE falling below a threshold; or the second periodicity is set to be longer than the first periodicity in response to detecting at least one measurement associated with the UE being greater than or equal to a threshold. The method of claim 11.

13. the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled according to a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) protocol; or The first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and / or the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are triggered aperiodically, and optionally: the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are triggered on demand via a downlink control information (DCI) communication associated with different offsets. The method according to claim 1 or 2.

14. The method of claim 5, wherein the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report.

15. The method of claim 6, wherein the priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report is dynamically determined.

16. Memory, At least one transceiver; at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and to the at least one transceiver; 13. An apparatus comprising: the at least one processor configured to perform the method of claim 1.

17. 13. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions, the computer-executable instructions comprising instructions configured to cause a processor to perform the method of claim 1.

18. A memory; At least one transceiver; at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and to the at least one transceiver; 3. An apparatus comprising: the at least one processor configured to perform the method of claim 2.

19. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions, the computer-executable instructions comprising instructions configured to cause a processor to perform the method of claim 2.

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