Gear manufacturing device and method for manufacturing a toothed workpiece

Abstract

To provide an improved gear manufacturing device.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to a gear manufacturing device comprising a workpiece holding part and a tool holding part capable of being rotated respectively by a driving part. The tool holding part is disposed on a processing head capable of moving relative to the workpiece holding part via one or more moving axes of the gear manufacturing device, in order to apply gear formation processing to the workpiece held by the workpiece holding part by using a tool held by the tool holding part. The tool holding part includes a sub holding part. The sub holding part is movable from a working position to a resting position via the moving axes, and / or is removably connected to the processing head of the gear manufacturing device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a gear manufacturing device comprising a workpiece holder and a tool holder, each of which can be rotated by a drive, for gear forming machining of a workpiece held on the workpiece holder by means of a tool held on the tool holder. The tool holder is provided on a machining head which is movable relative to the workpiece holder via one or more movement axes of the gear manufacturing device. The tool holder has a sub-holding part. [Background technology]

[0002] Particularly in milling processes, high forces are often exerted on the tool, which necessitates the use of secondary supports to ensure the required stability.

[0003] The same applicant's patent application WO 2005 / 023363 discloses fixing a milling tool and a skiving tool in the same tool holder, where the skiving tool can be used for fine machining of teeth machined with the milling tool or for further machining of teeth on the same workpiece that cannot be machined with the milling tool. In order to avoid interfering with the contour, a particularly thin secondary holder is used. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] DE 102017003648 A1 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT EMBODIMENT It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved gear manufacturing apparatus. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] This object is achieved by a gear manufacturing device according to claim 1. Preferred further aspects of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

[0007] The invention relates to a gear manufacturing apparatus comprising a workpiece holder and a tool holder, each of which can be rotated by a drive, the tool holder being provided on a processing head which is movable relative to the workpiece holder via one or more movement axes of the gear manufacturing apparatus for gear forming processing of a workpiece held in the workpiece holder by means of a tool held in the tool holder. According to the invention, the tool holder has an auxiliary holding part which is movable from an operating position to a rest position via a movement axis and / or which can be removably connected to the processing head of the gear manufacturing apparatus.

[0008] According to one variant of the invention, the secondary holder is arranged on the machining head in such a way that it can be moved from a working position to a rest position via a movement axis, so that the secondary holder can be moved to the rest position during machining steps and / or machining modes in which it is not required, thereby increasing the available working area and / or making the secondary holder less of an interference element.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the invention, the processing head comprises a drive capable of moving the secondary holder from the working position to the rest position, or alternatively the secondary holder may be manual.

[0010] According to one variant of the invention, the secondary holding part is removably connected to the processing head of the gear manufacturing machine, so that it can be removed in processing steps and / or processing modes in which it is not required, thereby increasing the available working area and / or making the secondary holding part less of an interference element.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the invention, the secondary holder is movably mounted on a slide of a linear shaft and / or is detachably connected thereto and is movable relative to the tool holder in the axial direction of the tool holder via said slide. Such a linear shaft may be provided to enable tool locking and release and / or for adjusting the secondary holder relative to tools of different lengths.

[0012] Therefore, the movement of the sub-holding part towards the rest position is preferably not performed via this straight shaft, but via an additional shaft that is interposed when mounting the sub-holding part on the slide body.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary holding portion is rotatably mounted on the machining head of the gear manufacturing apparatus, and in particular, the auxiliary holding portion is rotatably mounted on a slider of the linear shaft.

[0014] Preferably, said secondary retaining portion is adapted to be folded or unfolded by a pivoting movement between said operating position and said rest position.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the invention, the secondary holder is pivotable about a pivot axis which extends in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the tool holder, whereby a particularly compact and stable construction is obtained.

[0016] Preferably, the secondary holder is arranged to be folded towards the tool holder so that, when in the operating position, the secondary holder can abut against a stop which prevents a pivoting movement away from the tool holder.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the invention, the secondary holder is rotatable about a rotation axis extending parallel to an axial direction of the tool holder, so that the secondary holder can be folded onto the slide when not needed.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the invention, in the rest position of the secondary holder, all elements of the secondary holder and its support are spaced at a predetermined distance from the axis of the tool holder, so that the secondary holder in the rest position does not become an interfering element in the axial extension of the tool holder.

[0019] In the operating position of the auxiliary holder, preferably the entire outer periphery of the machining head is spaced a predetermined distance from the axis of the tool holder when viewed from the axial direction of the tool holder, starting from the tool holder, so that the machining head does not become an interfering element on the axial extension of the tool holder.

[0020] Preferably, the predetermined distance is greater than or equal to the maximum radius of a tool which may be clamped or secured to the tool holder.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the invention, the secondary holding part is accommodated in an accommodating opening of the processing head when in the rest position, whereby the secondary holding part is protected from damage and dirt in the rest position.

[0022] In particular, the secondary holding part may be configured to be folded into a receiving opening of the processing head.

[0023] Preferably, the secondary holding part closes the receiving opening when in the rest position, and for this purpose the secondary holding part may comprise a closing plate.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the invention, the secondary retainer is supported within the receiving opening.

[0025] Preferably, the secondary holding part is provided and / or connectable to the machining head in such a manner that no additional positional adjustments are required when moving from the rest position to the operating position or when attached to the machining head.

[0026] According to an embodiment of the invention, said secondary retainer rests against a stop element when in said operating position, in particular said secondary retainer may be pivotable to a position in which it comes into contact with such a stop element, which thus defines the operating position.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the invention, the stop element comprises a tapered pin and / or a tapered pin receiving unit, in particular these components engage with complementary tapered pin receiving units and / or tapered pins of the secondary retainer, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the secondary retainer.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the invention, the secondary holder is configured to be fixed in the operating position by air pressure or hydraulic pressure, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the secondary holder.

[0029] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the secondary holder is releasably connectable to the processing head by means of a quick fastening system.

[0030] In particular, the simplified fastening system is a zero-point clamping system, which allows the position of the secondary holder to be reproduced with high precision without adjustment operations.

[0031] According to an embodiment of the invention, the quick fastening system comprises a tapered pin and / or a tapered pin receiving unit, which improves the positioning accuracy of the secondary holder.

[0032] According to an embodiment of the invention, the gear manufacturing machine is equipped with an automatic tool changer, which allows quick changing of the tools used.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the invention, the gear manufacturing device comprises a milling tool and a skiving tool, which may be used in different processing steps and / or processing modes.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the invention, a control unit is provided which is operable to carry out a method of the type described below, preferably automatically.

[0035] The invention relates to a method for manufacturing at least one toothed workpiece, in which in a first machining step and / or machining mode the workpiece is machined by a first tool fixed between the tool holder and the secondary holder and in a second machining step and / or machining mode the secondary holder is moved to the rest position or removed from the machining head and the workpiece is machined by a second tool fixed on one side to the tool holder.

[0036] In particular, the method may be carried out using a gear manufacturing machine of the type detailed above.

[0037] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in one of the first and second machining steps and / or modes, the workpiece is milled. In the other of the first and second machining steps and / or modes, the workpiece is skived. In the case of these two machining processes, it is often necessary to use a secondary holding part in one of the processes, but the secondary holding part becomes an interference element in the other process.

[0038] In particular, the workpiece may in a first variant be milled in the first machining step and / or machining mode, whereas according to a second variant the workpiece may instead be skived in the first machining step and / or machining mode.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first machining step and / or machining mode is performed with the tool and the workpiece forming a first crossing axis angle, and the second machining step and / or machining mode is performed with the tool and the workpiece forming a second crossing axis angle, and a difference between the first crossing axis angle and the second crossing axis angle is 45° or more. As a result, the auxiliary holder can become an interference element in at least one of the machining steps or machining modes.

[0040] In particular, the difference between the first axis crossing angle and the second axis crossing angle may be 70° or more.

[0041] Preferably, the difference between the first axis crossing angle and the second axis crossing angle may be 135° or less, more preferably 110° or less, and further preferably 100° or less.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the invention, said first and second machining steps and / or machining modes are used for machining the same workpiece, in particular the same workpiece may be machined with different tools in two successive machining steps.

[0043] According to an embodiment of the invention, the first and second machining steps and / or machining modes are used for machining different workpieces, whereby the gear manufacturing machine according to the invention may have an increased flexibility for manufacturing different workpieces by different tools.

[0044] According to an embodiment of the invention, the first and second machining steps and / or machining modes are used for machining two different toothings of a workpiece, preferably in which the first toothing is milled and the second toothing is skived.

[0045] According to an embodiment of the invention, the first toothing has a diameter greater than a diameter of the second toothing and / or constitutes an interference element relative to the second toothing.

[0046] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first toothing and the second toothing are spur gear teeth.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the invention, said first and second machining steps and / or machining modes are used consecutively for machining the same toothing of the workpiece.

[0048] In particular, a rough machining is carried out followed by a finishing process, whereby preferably milling is carried out as the rough machining and skiving is carried out as the finishing process.

[0049] According to one embodiment of the invention, said toothing is a worm toothing, in particular a worm toothing of a drive element of a steering drive of a vehicle.

[0050] In the machining steps and / or machining modes performed by the present invention, soft or hard machining of the workpiece may be performed.

[0051] The processing steps and / or processing modes may be used to process a blank or a hardened workpiece.

[0052] In particular, the toothing may be formed on the blank within the framework of the first and / or second processing step and / or processing mode. According to the invention, the term "machining of the toothing" includes forming the toothing on a workpiece without toothing. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0053] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows a gear manufacturing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the invention, illustrating a first machining step and / or machining mode in which the secondary holder is in an operating position and a tool is clamped between the tool holder and the secondary holder. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 shows the embodiment of FIG. 1 with the secondary retainer moved away from the tool. [Diagram 3]FIG. 3 shows the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, in which the secondary holder has been moved to a rest position, in particular being folded. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 shows the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, with the secondary holder in the rest position, in particular folded up. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 shows the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4 with the secondary holder in the rest position and a tool fixed on one side to the tool holder. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 shows a first step of the method according to a first embodiment of the invention, in which a first tooth of a workpiece is machined by a tool clamped on both sides. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 shows a second step of the method according to the first embodiment of the present invention, in which a second tooth portion of the same workpiece is machined with a tool fixed on one side and the secondary holder is in the rest position. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 shows a method according to a second embodiment of the invention, in which the workpiece is machined in a second machining mode with a tool fixed on one side and the secondary holder is in the rest position. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 shows a first step of a method according to a third embodiment of the present invention, in which the teeth of a workpiece are machined with a tool fixed on one side and the sub-holding part is in a rest position. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 shows a second step of the method according to the third embodiment of the invention, in which the teeth of the same workpiece are machined with a second tool, also fixed on one side, with the secondary holder in the rest position. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 shows an alternative second step of the method according to the third embodiment of the invention, in which the same toothing is machined by one or more second tools, which are fixed on both sides. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0054] Hereinafter, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following preferred embodiments are merely illustrative in nature and are not intended to limit the present invention, its applications, or its uses.

[0055] FIG 1 shows a gear manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The gear manufacturing apparatus includes a workpiece holder 1 and a tool holder 3. The workpiece holder 1 is rotated by a drive unit 5. The tool holder 3 can be rotated around an axis B2 by the drive unit 5'. The tool holder 3 is provided in a machining head 6 of the gear manufacturing apparatus. The machining head 6 is movable relative to the workpiece holder 1 via a plurality of movement axes in order to machine the workpiece held by the workpiece holder 1 into a gear with a tool 14 held by the tool holder 3.

[0056] The tool holder 3 includes an auxiliary holder 4. According to the present invention, the auxiliary holder 4 is arranged via a movement axis in the machining head 6 so as to be movable from an operating position shown in Fig. 1 to a rest position shown in Fig. 4. In the operating position, the auxiliary holder 4 is aligned with the tool holder 3 (on the same line or with their central axes overlapping). In the rest position, the auxiliary holder 4 is not aligned with the tool holder 3 but is located to the side of the rotation axis B1.

[0057] For this reason, the auxiliary holding portion 4 in this embodiment is rotatably provided on the processing head 6 so that it can rotate about a rotation axis 9 to be folded or unfolded.

[0058] The movement of the secondary holder 4 from the working position to the rest position, i.e. the folding or unfolding of the secondary holder 4 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, may be effected by a drive of the gear manufacturing machine or manually.

[0059] In this embodiment, the secondary holder 4 is rotatable about a pivot axis 9. The pivot axis 9 extends in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation B1 of the tool holder 3. In FIG. 1, the secondary holder 4 is in a deployed position and a tool 14 is clamped or fixed between the tool holder 3 and the secondary holder 4.

[0060] Here, the auxiliary holder 4 is rotatably mounted on a slide 8 guided on a linear shaft 7. With this configuration, the distance between the auxiliary holder 4 and the tool holder 3 becomes variable. For this reason, the slide 8 is movable along the linear shaft 7. The linear shaft 7 is parallel to the rotation axis B1 of the tool holder 3. In this embodiment, a threaded rod 13 is provided, and the distance between the tool holder 3 and the auxiliary holder 4 becomes variable via the rotation position of the threaded rod 13.

[0061] The sliding body 8 includes a storage portion 9 (in this example, a storage opening 9). The storage portion 9 supports the auxiliary holding portion 4 so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis 9. The storage portion 9 stores the auxiliary holding portion 4 in a folded state.

[0062] In order to move the auxiliary holder 4 from the working position shown in Fig. 1 to the rest position, the auxiliary holder 4 is first moved axially away from the tool holder 3 along the linear shaft 7, as shown in Fig. 2. Then, as shown in Fig. 3, the auxiliary holder 4 is folded towards the tool holder 3, possibly after the tool 14 has been removed. Fig. 4 then shows the rest position of the auxiliary holder 4. As shown in Fig. 4, in the rest position the auxiliary holder 4 is entirely accommodated in the accommodation section 9 of the slide 8.

[0063] The auxiliary holder 4 comprises an auxiliary holder arm 10. The auxiliary holder 4 is supported by the storage part 9 by the auxiliary holder arm 10. In the unfolded position, the axis of rotation of the auxiliary holder 4 overlaps with the axis of rotation B1 of the tool holder 3. On the other hand, in the folded position, the auxiliary holder 4 is at a predetermined distance from the axis of rotation B1 of the tool holder 3, so as not to interfere with a tool clamped or fixed on one side. The predetermined distance of the folded auxiliary holder 4 is preferably larger than the maximum radius of a tool that can be held by the tool holder 3, more preferably larger than 1.2 times the maximum radius of a tool that can be held by the tool holder 3.

[0064] The auxiliary holding part 4 further includes a closing plate 12. The closing plate 12 closes the opening 9 (accommodating opening 9) of the sliding body 8 in the folded position. This makes it difficult for the auxiliary holding part 4 to become dirty in the folded position.

[0065] As shown in Fig. 5, the tool 15 may be clamped or fixed on one side to the tool holder 3 when the secondary holder 4 is in the rest position. The secondary holder 4 does not interfere with the machining of a workpiece with said tool 15. In particular, this means that there are no interfering elements in the axial direction in the extension of the tool at the machining head 6. As shown in Fig. 5, the secondary holder 4 and the slide 8 can be moved further towards the tool holder 3 with the secondary holder 4 folded up, which results in an even more compact arrangement.

[0066] The secondary holder 4 in the operating position preferably rests against a stop (stop element). In this embodiment, the stop is preferably provided on the slide 8, in particular in the opening 9. The stop is configured in such a way that the operating position of the secondary holder 4 can be accurately reproduced without adjustment. For this purpose, the stop may have, for example, a tapered pin or a tapered pin receiving unit. They cooperate with a complementary counterpart on the secondary holder arm 10 of the secondary holder 4. This avoids the need to adjust the position of the secondary holder 4 when changing between the rest position and the operating position.

[0067] According to another embodiment, the secondary support 4 is hydraulically or pneumatically clamped or fixed in the operating position so that the operating position is accurately reproduced.

[0068] According to an alternative embodiment, not shown, the auxiliary holder 4 may be pivotable about a pivot axis extending parallel to the axis of rotation B1 of the tool holder 3. If the auxiliary holder 4 is not required, it may be moved outside the working area. In this case, the auxiliary holder 4 is preferably pivotably mounted on a slide 8 of the type shown in the embodiment described above.

[0069] According to another embodiment, not shown, the secondary holder 4 may be detachably connected to the slide body 8 by means of a quick fastening system (or quick clamping system). This allows the secondary holder 4 to be easily removed when it is not needed. When the secondary holder 4 is needed again, it is attached by means of the quick fastening system. The quick fastening system is a zero point clamping system, by means of which the position of the secondary holder 4 relative to the slide body 8 can be accurately reproduced, without the need for an adjustment of the secondary holder 4 on the slide body 8. This structural design also allows the gear manufacturing machine to be operated in two different operating modes, one with the secondary holder 4 on the tool holder 3 and the other without the secondary holder 4.

[0070] Hereinafter, there will be described features of the embodiment of the gear manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention shown in Figures 1 to 5. These features may be realized alone or in combination in any gear manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, or may be realized in combination with any other aspect of the auxiliary retaining part according to the present invention.

[0071] The machining head 6 has a tool holder 3 and an auxiliary holder 4 mounted thereon. The machining head 6 is rotatable about a rotation axis A, which allows the cross-axis angle between a rotation axis B1 of the tool holder 3 and a rotation axis B2 of the workpiece holder 1 to be adjusted. The rotation axis A preferably extends perpendicular to the two rotation axes B1, B2.

[0072] The machining head 6 is movable along a linear axis Z in a direction parallel to the rotation axis B2 of the workpiece holder 1. This allows the tool held by the tool holder 3 to be moved along the width of the workpiece.

[0073] The processing head 6 is movable along a linear axis X in order to adjust the axial distance between the rotation axes B1 and B2. The linear axis X preferably extends perpendicular to the two rotation axes B1, B2 and / or parallel to the pivot axis A.

[0074] The machining head 6 has a linear axis V. The tool holder 3 together with the sub-holder 4 is movable along this linear axis V parallel to the axis of rotation B1 of the tool holder 3. The linear axis V is also referred to as the shift axis and is rotatable about the pivot axis A.

[0075] In this embodiment, the linear axis V is formed by a linear shaft body 7. The linear shaft body 7 also makes the distance between the tool holder 3 and the sub-holder 4 variable. For this reason, the tool holder 3 is attached to a slide body 9 that is movable along the linear shaft body 7. A driving unit (not shown) is provided, and the slide body 9 and slide body 8 can move together along the linear shaft body 7 by the driving unit. The tool holder 3 is provided on a support arm 25 of the slide body 9 at a distance from the linear shaft body 7.

[0076] The movement axes of the gear manufacturing device are preferably NC axes. In particular, the two rotation axes B1, B2 are NC axes, and by controlling the gear manufacturing device, the two rotation axes B1, B2 can be coordinated to suit the generating process.

[0077] The workpiece holder 1 also includes an auxiliary holder 2. The auxiliary holder 2 is configured to be movable in the axial direction of the rotation axis B2 along a linear axis, thereby making it possible to vary the distance between the auxiliary holder 2 and the workpiece holder 1.

[0078] Hereinafter, application fields of the gear manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention and embodiments of the method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

[0079] Figures 6 and 7 show the first and second machining steps of the method according to the first embodiment of the invention. In the first machining step shown in Figure 6, a tool 14 is clamped or fixed on both sides between the tool holder 3 and the secondary holder 4. For this purpose, the secondary holder 4 is in the working position. Meanwhile, in the second machining step shown in Figure 7, a second tool 15 is clamped or fixed on one side to the tool holder 3. The secondary holder 4 is in the rest position so as not to interfere.

[0080] In the method according to the first embodiment shown in figures 6 and 7, two tools 14, 15 are used to machine the same workpiece 16. Meanwhile, the two tools 14, 15 machine two different toothings 17, 18 of the workpiece 16. "Machining" in this invention also means forming toothings from a blank. The method is used to make spur gear toothings 17, 18 on the workpiece 16. The toothings may be straight or helical.

[0081] In this embodiment, the first machining step of Fig. 6 is performed with the cutter 14, by which the first toothing 17 of the workpiece 16 is machined. In this embodiment, a hob cutter 14 is used, by which the toothing 17 is hobbed. The secondary holder 4 is in the working position, so that the cutter 14 can be clamped or fixed on both sides. Due to the relatively large crossed axis angle, the secondary holder 4 does not interfere.

[0082] 7, a skiving tool 15 is used to skive a second toothing 18 of the workpiece 16. Skiving is useful when it is used to machine teeth that are difficult to access and located close to interfering elements.

[0083] In the case of the workpiece 16 shown in the present embodiment, the first toothing 17 constitutes such an interference element for the second toothing 18 due to its large diameter. By using the cutter 14 and the skiving tool 15, both toothings 17, 18 can still be machined.

[0084] On the other hand, due to the relatively small crossed axis angles which occur during skiving of the illustrated spur gear teeth, the secondary holder 4 constitutes an interference element, since it can strike the workpiece holder 1 during machining of the workpiece. Pivoting to the rest position allows skiving to be carried out. Since the forces exerted during skiving are smaller than those exerted during hobbing, it is sufficient to clamp or fix the skiving tool 15 on one side.

[0085] By folding the auxiliary holding portion 4 in the second processing step, the auxiliary holding portion 4 is prevented from becoming an interfering element during skiving. This allows both tooth portions 17, 18 to be processed in a series of processing steps in the same device.

[0086] In a first processing step, shown in Figure 6, the workpiece 16 is clamped or fixed on both sides between a workpiece holder 1 and a corresponding secondary holder 2. In a second processing step, shown in Figure 7, the workpiece 16 may remain clamped or fixed on both sides or the secondary holder 2 may be moved above the working area so as not to constitute an interfering element.

[0087] The order of the processing steps is not important in the first embodiment, and therefore the designations first and second processing steps are used merely to distinguish between multiple processing steps and do not dictate a chronological order.

[0088] Figure 8 shows another example of the use of the gear manufacturing machine according to the invention. Here, the gear manufacturing machine is used in a machining mode in which the tool 14 is clamped or fixed on only one side in the tool holder 3 and the auxiliary holder 4 is in the rest position. In the case of the embodiment shown in Figure 8, an internal toothing 19 is machined, inter alia, from a blank. Here, a skiving process is used.

[0089] In this embodiment, a workpiece having internal teeth 19 is clamped or fixed by a pot- or urn-shaped chuck 20 on the workpiece holder 1. For this purpose, the secondary holder 2 of the workpiece holder 1 is moved above the working area and / or removed.

[0090] By using the auxiliary holding part 4 according to the present invention, a milling device which is used for milling in a first machining mode, in particular for hobbing the external toothing with a tool clamped on both sides, can also be used for skiving the internal toothing in a second machining mode.

[0091] 9 to 11 show a method according to a third embodiment of the present invention. This method can be used to machine the worm teeth 22 of a workpiece clamped to a workpiece holder 1. In this embodiment, the workpiece is clamped or fixed on both sides thereof between the workpiece holder 1 and the secondary holder 2.

[0092] 9 shows the first machining step, in which the worm toothing 22 is machined by means of a milling tool 21. Due to the relatively small crossed axis angle required for milling the worm toothing, the milling tool 21 is clamped or fixed on only one side to the tool holder 3 and the secondary holder 4 is folded up and thus facing the workpiece holder 1. Thus, the formation of interfering elements that may cause the interference is avoided.

[0093] In this embodiment, the milling tool 21 is a milling disk having milling teeth arranged along its circumference, and therefore the rotational movement of the tool holder 3 does not have to be synchronized with the rotational movement of the workpiece holder 1, since no generating process is performed.

[0094] 10 and 11 show a second machining step according to two alternative embodiments, in which the teeth machined in the first machining step are further machined with other tools, among which one or more skiving tools 23 are used in particular, whereby the second machining step is carried out by skiving. This allows the surface quality of the worm teeth milled in the first machining step to be substantially improved.

[0095] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the skiving tool 23 is clamped or fixed to the tool holder 3 on only one side thereof, so that the sub-holder 4 is folded up.

[0096] In the second machining step according to the other embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the skiving tool 23 is clamped or fixed on both sides between the tool holder 3 and the deployed secondary holder 4. Due to the resulting stability, for example, several tools 23 can be clamped or fixed together in the tool holder 3, axially aligned. The several tools can be configured similarly and provided as a multiple tool for wear, or can be configured differently and used for successive machining steps of the same toothing or for machining different toothings. Due to the large crossed axis angles that can be achieved in skiving worm threads, secondary holders can also be used to clamp or fix the tools.

[0097] All embodiments of the method according to the invention are characterized in that between two machining steps or modes the cross-axis angle is changed via the pivot axis A. In machining steps with a relatively small cross-axis angle the secondary holder 4 is moved into a rest position so that it does not constitute an interfering element for the workpiece holder 1, whereas in machining steps with a relatively large cross-axis angle the secondary holder 4 may be moved into an operating position and used to clamp or fix a tool, since in that way it does not collide with the workpiece holder 1.

[0098] As shown in the first and third embodiments of the method according to the invention, the gear manufacturing machine according to the invention can be used for a series of processing steps to machine a single workpiece, which remains clamped or fixed in the workpiece holder 1 during multiple processing steps.

[0099] However, the gear manufacturing machine according to the invention can also be used for machining different workpieces in different machining modes: in a first machining mode, the secondary holding part is unfolded and the tool is clamped or fixed on both sides to machine a first workpiece, whereas in a second machining mode, the secondary holding part is folded and the tool is clamped or fixed on one side to machine one or more second workpieces.

[0100] The gear manufacturing device according to the present invention can be easily adapted to two processing modes by folding or unfolding the auxiliary holding part or by attaching or detaching the auxiliary holding part, where the processing modes can be performed in the same manner as described above for the processing steps.

[0101] The above-mentioned characteristics of the processing steps and processing modes are related to the mobility and disassembly of the secondary holding parts. It may be used in conjunction with other kinematic designs.

[0102] According to another possible embodiment of the invention, the secondary holder 2 of the workpiece holder 1 may be configured similarly to the secondary holder 4 of the tool holder 3, in which case it is movable from the working position to the rest position or can be detachably connected. The structural design selected in this case may be the same as that selected for the secondary holder 4 of the tool holder 3.

[0103] However, in most cases it is sufficient to move the secondary holder 2 along some linear axis, via which the axial distance between the workpiece holder 1 and the secondary holder 2 can be varied and also moved outside the working area, thereby avoiding interference during processing. [Explanation of symbols]

[0104] 1 Workpiece holder 3 Tool holding part 4 Sub holding part 5,5' Drive 6 Processing head 7 Straight shaft 8 Slide body 9 Storage opening 14 Tools 15 Skiving tools 16 Workpieces 17 1st tooth part 18 2nd tooth 21 Milling Tools 22 Worm teeth 23 Skiving tools

Claims

1. 1. A gear manufacturing apparatus comprising a workpiece holder and a tool holder, each of which can be rotated by a drive, the apparatus comprising: the tool holder is provided on a processing head movable relative to the workpiece holder via one or more movement axes of the gear manufacturing apparatus in order to process a workpiece held by the workpiece holder with a tool held by the tool holder, the tool holder has an auxiliary holder that is movable from an operating position to a rest position in the machining head of the gear manufacturing apparatus via a moving shaft and that can be detachably connected to the machining head of the gear manufacturing apparatus; the auxiliary holder is arranged together with the tool holder on the machining head of the gear manufacturing machine such that the tool holder and the auxiliary holder can be moved by the machining head via one or more of the movement axes relative to the workpiece holder; In a first machining step and / or machining mode, a workpiece is machined by a first tool fixed between the tool holder and the secondary holder; in a second machining step and / or machining mode, the secondary holder is moved to the rest position or removed from the machining head and a workpiece is machined with a second tool fixed at one side to the tool holder, and (a) milling the workpiece in one of the first and second machining steps and / or modes and skiving the workpiece in the other of the first and second machining steps and / or modes; and, (b) performing the first machining step and / or machining mode in a state in which the first tool or the second tool and the workpiece form a first axis crossing angle, and performing the second machining step and / or machining mode in a state in which the first tool or the second tool and the workpiece form a second axis crossing angle, a difference between the first axis crossing angle and the second axis crossing angle being 45° or more and 135° or less; At least one of the following must be done: A control unit is provided for controlling the manufacturing of at least one toothed workpiece. A gear manufacturing apparatus comprising:

2. In claim 1, The auxiliary holder is movably provided on a slide body of a linear shaft and / or is detachably connected to the slide body, and is movable in the axial direction of the tool holder relative to the tool holder via the slide body. A gear manufacturing apparatus comprising:

3. A gear manufacturing apparatus comprising a workpiece holding portion and a tool holding portion, each of which can be rotated by a drive portion, the tool holder is provided on a processing head movable relative to the workpiece holder via one or more movement axes of the gear manufacturing apparatus in order to process a workpiece held by the workpiece holder with a tool held by the tool holder, the tool holder is movable from an operating position to a rest position via a moving axis that is a rotation axis, and has an auxiliary holder that can be detachably connected to the machining head of the gear manufacturing device; The auxiliary holder is rotatably arranged with the tool holder on the machining head of the gear manufacturing machine such that the tool holder and the auxiliary holder can be moved by the machining head via one or more of the movement axes relative to the workpiece holder. A gear manufacturing apparatus comprising:

4. In claim 3, The auxiliary holding portion is rotatable about the rotation axis extending in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the tool holding portion, and is configured to be folded toward the tool holding portion. A gear manufacturing apparatus comprising:

5. In any one of claims 1 to 4, In the rest position of the secondary holder, all elements of the secondary holder and its support are spaced at a predetermined distance relative to the axis of the tool holder. A gear manufacturing apparatus comprising:

6. In any one of claims 1 to 5, When the auxiliary holding portion is in the rest position, the auxiliary holding portion is accommodated in an accommodating opening of the processing head. A gear manufacturing apparatus comprising:

7. In any one of claims 1 to 6, When in the operating position, the secondary retaining portion abuts against a stop element having a tapered pin and / or a tapered pin receiving unit, and / or The secondary retainer is configured to be pneumatically or hydraulically secured in the operating position. A gear manufacturing apparatus comprising:

8. In any one of claims 1 to 7, The secondary holder can be removably connected to the processing head by a zero-point clamping system and / or a fastening system having complementary tapered pins and / or tapered pin receiving units of the secondary holder for reproducible positioning with respect to the slide of the linear shaft. A gear manufacturing apparatus comprising:

9. In any one of claims 1 to 8, Equipped with automatic tool changer and / or milling and skiving tools A gear manufacturing apparatus comprising:

10. A gear manufacturing apparatus comprising a workpiece holding portion and a tool holding portion, each of which can be rotated by a drive portion, a workpiece holder and a tool holder, each of which can be rotated by a drive; the tool holder is provided on a processing head movable relative to the workpiece holder via one or more movement axes of the gear manufacturing apparatus in order to process a workpiece held by the workpiece holder with a tool held by the tool holder, the tool holder has an auxiliary holder that is movable from an operating position to a rest position in the machining head of the gear manufacturing apparatus via a moving shaft and that can be detachably connected to the machining head of the gear manufacturing apparatus; The auxiliary holding part is arranged together with the tool holding part on the machining head of the gear manufacturing apparatus such that the tool holding part and the auxiliary holding part can be moved by the machining head via one or more of the movement axes relative to the workpiece holding part. A method for manufacturing at least one toothed workpiece using in a first machining step and / or machining mode, machining the workpiece with a first tool fixed between the tool holder and a secondary holder which is movable from an operating position to a rest position via a moving axis and / or which can be removably connected to a machining head of the gear manufacturing machine, in a second machining step and / or machining mode, moving the secondary holder to the rest position or removing it from the machining head and machining a workpiece with a second tool fixed at one side to the tool holder, and (a) in one of the first and second processing steps and / or processing modes, milling the workpiece and skiving the workpiece in the other of the first and second machining steps and / or machining modes; And, (b) performing the first machining step and / or machining mode in a state in which the first tool or the second tool and the workpiece form a first axis crossing angle, and performing the second machining step and / or machining mode in a state in which the first tool or the second tool and the workpiece form a second axis crossing angle, a difference between the first axis crossing angle and the second axis crossing angle being 45° or more and 135° or less; Includes at least one of A method comprising:

11. In claim 10, said first and second machining steps and / or machining modes being used for machining the same workpiece; or The first and second processing steps and / or processing modes are used for processing different workpieces. A method comprising:

12. In claim 10 or 11, using said first and second machining steps and / or machining modes for machining two different toothings of a workpiece, in which a first toothing is milled and a second toothing is skived; and / or the first toothing has a diameter greater than a diameter of the second toothing and / or constitutes an interference element for the second toothing, and / or The first tooth portion and the second tooth portion are spur gear tooth portions. A method comprising:

13. In claim 10 or 11, using said first and second machining steps and / or machining modes consecutively to machine the same toothed portion of the workpiece to perform rough machining followed by finish machining; and / or The teeth are worm teeth. A method comprising:

Images