Crushing blade for shear crusher and repair method thereof

Abstract

To provide a crushing blade for a shear crusher, which can effectively suppress wear on the outer peripheral surface and sides, and can reliably capture fragments of the workpiece that have entered gaps and quickly discharge them below the rotating shaft, and a method for repairing (regenerating) the same. [Solution] A crushing blade 1 for a shear crusher has a hook-shaped cutting edge 2 formed on the outer periphery, a through hole 3 for a rotating shaft formed in the center, and hard-plated sides 4, characterized in that a plurality of spot hard-plated parts 6A formed by overlay welding a hard material into a hemispherical, conical, or truncated conical shape are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery 5, and a C-shaped hard-plated part and / or a crescent-shaped hard-plated part formed by overlay welding a hard material are arranged on the side 4.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a crushing blade used in a shear crusher used for shearing and crushing waste materials, and a method for repairing (regenerating) the same. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, as a means for cutting and crushing waste tires, waste plastics, etc., a shearing crusher incorporating a crushing unit 10 as shown in Fig. 3 has been used. This crushing unit 10 is composed of a number of disk-shaped crushing blades 13 (13A, 13B), a spacer 14, and two parallel rotating shafts 15A, 15B having a hexagonal cross section, and is configured so that the workpiece is pinched above the rotating shafts 15A, 15B and wrapped in the area between the rotating shafts 15A, 15B, and sheared and crushed by rotating the rotating shafts 15A, 15B (and the crushing blades 13, etc.) in opposite directions.

[0003] 3, a hook-shaped blade tip 32 is formed on the outer periphery of the crushing blade 13, and a hexagonal insertion hole 33 for inserting the rotating shafts 15A and 15B is formed in the center. The spacer 14 has a smaller diameter than the crushing blade 13 and a thickness dimension set to be slightly larger than the crushing blade 13, and has an insertion hole similar to that of the crushing blade 13 formed in the center.

[0004] In this crushing unit 10, the crushing blades 13 and the spacers 14 are alternately arranged around each of the rotating shafts 15A and 15B, and the crushing blades 13 are held on the rotating shafts 15A and 15B at intervals equal to the thickness of the spacer 14. The crushing blade 13A on the rotating shaft 15A side and the crushing blade 13B on the rotating shaft 15B side are arranged in opposite directions (more specifically, the blade tips face each other on the upper side of the rotating shafts 15A and 15B).

[0005] The crushing blade 13A on the rotating shaft 15A side and the crushing blade 13B on the rotating shaft 15B side are arranged in a staggered manner, and are configured so that the outer peripheries of the crushing blades 13A on the rotating shaft 15A side are alternately engaged with each other at a small interval. In other words, the outer periphery (including the cutting edge 32) of the crushing blade 13B on the other rotating shaft 15B enters the space (outside the spacer 14) between the outer peripheries (including the cutting edge 32) of the two adjacent crushing blades 13A on one rotating shaft 15A, and similarly, the outer periphery of the crushing blade 13A on the rotating shaft 15A enters the space between the outer peripheries of the two adjacent crushing blades 13B on the rotating shaft 15B. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] JP 2023-047816 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2020-110750 A [Patent Document 3] JP 2020-104040 A [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-165090 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] The crushing blade 13 used in the crushing unit 10 as shown in FIG. 3 is hardened (a hardening material (such as an alloy having a higher hardness than the base material) is welded or sprayed onto the base material surface) on the side surface 34 (the surface perpendicular to the central axis of the rotating shaft 15 inserted into the insertion hole 33) in order to improve wear resistance.

[0008] However, in conventional general crushing blades 13, the hardening is applied only to the side surfaces 34. Therefore, as the outer peripheral surface 35 (including the cutting edge 32) wears due to continuous use of the crushing blade 13, fine cracks occur in the hardening material on the side surfaces 34, and the hardening material easily peels off in many cases.

[0009] In order to avoid such problems, when the wear of the outer peripheral surface 35 of the crushing blade 13 has progressed to a considerable extent (or before the wear progresses), as shown in Figure 4, a hardening material is piled up in a band shape on the outer peripheral surface 35 with a width smaller than the thickness of the crushing blade 13 to form a hardening portion 36.

[0010] However, in this case, fragments of the workpiece are likely to become caught in the gap between the crushing blade 13 and the spacer 14 facing it, and if the crushing blade 13 and the spacer 14 are rotated with fragments caught in the gap, the fragments will come into sliding contact with the outer circumferential surfaces of the crushing blade 13 and the spacer 14, resulting in the problem of accelerated wear of the crushing blade 13 and other parts.

[0011] Furthermore, if the hardening material is piled up with a width equal to the thickness of the crushing blade 13, that is, so as to cover the entire outer peripheral surface 35 (not shown), rather than piled up with a width smaller than the thickness of the crushing blade 13 as shown in Figure 4, there is a problem that cracks will occur in the hardening material previously applied to the side surface 34, resulting in peeling.

[0012] The present invention seeks to solve such problems in the conventional technology, and aims to provide a crushing blade for a shear crusher, which can effectively prevent cracking or peeling of the hardening material on the sides by suppressing wear on the outer peripheral surface and sides, and which can reliably capture fragments of the workpiece that have entered the gap and quickly discharge them below the rotating shaft, and a method for repairing (regenerating) the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] The crushing blade of the present invention is a crushing blade for a shear crusher having a hook-shaped cutting edge formed on the outer periphery, an insertion hole for a rotating shaft formed in the center, and hard-plated sides, and is characterized in that a plurality of hard-plated parts formed by overlay welding hard-plating material are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery and / or sides.

[0014] It is preferable to arrange a plurality of spot build-up hardening parts formed by build-up welding the hardening material into a hemispherical, conical, or truncated conical shape on the outer peripheral surface, and it is preferable to arrange a C-shaped build-up hardening part and / or a crescent-shaped build-up hardening part formed by build-up welding the hardening material on the side surface.

[0015] It is preferable that the diameter of the spot hardening portion is set to 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the thickness dimension of the crushing blade and that the arrangement interval is set to 5 to 30 mm, and it is preferable that the C-shaped hardening portion and the crescent-shaped hardening portion extend curvedly with the center of curvature toward the forward side in the direction of rotation, and that the radially outer end is formed so as to be located forward in the direction of rotation than the radially inner end.

[0016] The method for repairing a crushing blade according to the present invention is characterized in that when wear progresses on the outer periphery or side of a crushing blade for a shear crusher, which has a hook-shaped cutting edge formed on the outer periphery, an insertion hole for a rotating shaft formed in the center, and hard plating on the side, a hard plating material is overlaid and welded to the surface where wear has progressed, thereby forming a plurality of hard plating overlay portions spaced apart in the circumferential direction.

[0017] In addition, on the outer peripheral surface where wear has progressed, it is preferable to form multiple spot build-up hardened parts by build-up welding the hardened material into a hemispherical, conical, or truncated conical shape, and on the side surface where wear has progressed, it is preferable to form a C-shaped build-up hardened part and / or a crescent-shaped build-up hardened part by build-up welding the hardened material. Effect of the Invention

[0018] The crushing blade according to the present invention can effectively suppress the wear of the outer peripheral surface by the many spot hardening parts formed on the outer peripheral surface, and as a result, the occurrence of microcracks and peeling of the hardening material on the side surface can be suitably avoided. In addition, when a C-shaped or crescent-shaped hardening part is formed on the side surface, the wear resistance of the side surface can be improved in the same way as when the entire surface is covered with a hardening material. Furthermore, the spot hardening part on the outer peripheral surface and / or the C-shaped or crescent-shaped hardening part on the side surface can reliably capture the fragments of the workpiece that have entered the gap between the crushing blade and the spacer and quickly discharge them to the lower side of the rotating shaft, and as a result, the wear of the crushing blade caused by the sliding contact between the fragments and the crushing blade can be suitably suppressed. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] FIG. 1(1) is a side view of a crushing blade 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1(2) is a cross-sectional view of the crushing blade 1 taken along line XX shown in FIG. 1(1). [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a side view of the crushing blade 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the structure of a conventional general crushing unit 10. As shown in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a crushing blade 13 (prior art) having a band-shaped hard-plated portion 36 formed on an outer circumferential surface 35. As shown in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0020] The present invention can be embodied as a "crushing blade" for a shear crusher, and can also be embodied as a "crushing blade repair method." Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Fig. 1 shows a side view and a cross-sectional view of a crushing blade 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, this crushing blade 1 has a hook-shaped cutting edge 2 formed on the outer periphery, and a hexagonal insertion hole 3 for inserting a rotating shaft formed in the center, similar to the conventional crushing blade 13 shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. In addition, the side surface 4 is hardened (hardening material 7 having a higher hardness than the base material is welded) for the purpose of improving wear resistance.

[0022] In addition, in this crushing blade 1, a hard build-up portion 6A (spot hard build-up portion) formed by overlay welding a hardening material into a hemispherical shape is disposed on the outer circumferential surface 35. Note that the hard build-up portion 36 formed on the outer circumferential surface 35 of the conventional crushing blade 13 shown in Fig. 4 is formed in a continuous band shape over almost the entire circumference of the outer circumferential surface 35 (excluding the tip portion and the step portion of the cutting edge portion 32), but the hard build-up portions 6A of this embodiment are each formed in a hemispherical shape and are disposed in large numbers at intervals in the circumferential direction (rotation direction).

[0023] Each hard-covered portion 6A has a diameter of 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 the thickness of the crushing blade 1, and is arranged at the center in the width direction of the outer circumferential surface 5 at intervals of 5 to 30 mm over the entire circumference of the outer circumferential surface 5. The height of each hard-covered portion 6A (the amount of protrusion from the outer circumferential surface 5) is set to a dimension such that it does not come into contact with the opposing spacer.

[0024] The crushing blade 1 according to this embodiment can effectively suppress wear of the outer peripheral surface 5 by the numerous hard-covered portions 6A formed on the outer peripheral surface 5. As described above, as wear of the outer peripheral surface 5 progresses, fine cracks often occur in the hard covering material 7 on the side surface 4, leading to peeling. However, the crushing blade 1 according to this embodiment can suppress wear of the outer peripheral surface 5, so that the occurrence of fine cracks and peeling of the hard covering material 7 on the side surface 4 can be suitably avoided.

[0025] In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, when the hard-plated portion 36 is formed in a continuous band shape around almost the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface 35, there is a problem that fragments of the workpiece are caught and stagnated in the gap between the crushing blade and the spacer, and the crushing blade is worn down due to the sliding contact between the trapped fragments and the crushing blade, but the crushing blade 1 of this embodiment has a large number of hemispherical hard-plated portions 6A arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface 5, so that the fragments that enter the gap between the crushing blade 1 and the spacer can be reliably captured and quickly discharged below the rotating shaft, and as a result, the wear of the crushing blade caused by the sliding contact between the fragments and the crushing blade can be suitably suppressed.

[0026] Furthermore, the hemispherical hard-overlay portion 6A gradually wears away with long-term cumulative use, gradually reducing the amount of protrusion, but the degree of wear can be easily grasped by visual inspection, compared to a flat hard coating that covers the entire outer circumferential surface 5. Therefore, at an appropriate time (when wear has progressed to a certain extent), the crushing blade 1 can be removed from the rotating shaft and the hard coating material can be overlaid and welded again to a hemispherical shape, restoring the hard-overlay portion 6A to its pre-wear state, and maintaining the specified quality for a long period of time.

[0027] In this embodiment, the hard-plated portion 6A is formed in a hemispherical shape, but it can also be formed in a conical or truncated conical shape. The hard-plated portion 6A of the crushing blade 1 according to the present invention is not limited to a perfect circle in plan view, but also includes an elliptical shape. The hard-plated portion 6A as shown in FIG. 1 can be formed during the manufacture of the crushing blade 1, or can be formed when the wear of the outer peripheral surface 5 of the crushing blade 1 progresses (method of repairing the crushing blade).

[0028] 2 is a side view of the crushing blade 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, in this crushing blade 1, a C-shaped hard-built portion 6B and a crescent-shaped hard-built portion 6C formed by overlay welding a hardening material are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on the radially outer portion 4a of the side surface 4 (a portion radially outer than the position R of the outer periphery of the axially adjacent spacer).

[0029] These hard-built portions 6B, 6C have a width dimension of 2 to 10 mm, extend curved in a C-shape or crescent shape with the center of curvature facing forward in the rotation direction of the crushing blade 1 (clockwise direction in FIG. 2), and are formed so that the radially outer end 61 is located forward in the rotation direction of the crushing blade 1 than the radially inner end 62. The height of the hard-built portions 6B, 6C (the amount of protrusion from the side surface 4) is a dimension such that they do not come into contact with the side surface of the opposing crushing blade.

[0030] The C-shaped hard-overlay portion 6B is disposed in a radius enlarged portion (portion that protrudes radially outward from other portions) near the cutting edge portion 2, and the ends 61, 62 are non-acute and have a width dimension similar to that of other portions (middle portion 63, etc.). On the other hand, the crescent-shaped hard-overlay portion 6C is disposed at a predetermined distance rearward of the hard-overlay portion 6B (rearward in the rotation direction of the crushing blade 1), and both ends are formed at acute angles.

[0031] In the crushing blade 1 of this embodiment, a plurality of C-shaped hard-plated portions 6B and crescent-shaped hard-plated portions 6C are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on the side surface 4 (radially outer portion 4a), so that any fragments that enter the area between this crushing blade 1 and another crushing blade adjacent thereto in the axial direction across a spacer can be reliably captured and quickly discharged below the rotating shaft, thereby effectively suppressing wear of the crushing blade caused by sliding contact between the fragments and the crushing blade.

[0032] It is effective to form the C-shaped hard-covered portion 6B and the crescent-shaped hard-covered portion 6C as shown in FIG. 2 when the wear of the hard covering 7 (see FIG. 1(2)) applied to the side surface 4 of the crushing blade 1 progresses (a method for repairing the crushing blade). When the wear of the hard covering 7 of the side surface 4 progresses, the work process of overlaying the hard covering portions 6B and 6C, which have an area smaller than the entire surface of the side surface 4, in a convex shape to the surface of the worn hard covering 7 (or the surface of the base material) by overlay welding is easier, takes less time, and is less expensive. By forming the hard covering portions 6B and 6C on the side surface 4, the wear resistance of the side surface 4 can be improved in the same way as when the entire surface is covered with the hard covering 7.

[0033] 2 shows a state in which a C-shaped build-up hard-mounted portion 6B and a crescent-shaped build-up hard-mounted portion 6C are formed on one side surface 4 of the crushing blade 1, but the C-shaped build-up hard-mounted portion 6B and the like are formed under similar conditions on the opposite side surface as well. Also, in FIG. 2, the crushing blade 1 on which a hemispherical build-up hard-mounted portion 6A, a C-shaped build-up hard-mounted portion 6B, and a crescent-shaped build-up hard-mounted portion 6C are formed is shown, but the crushing blade 1 may be configured to have only one or two of these types formed. [Explanation of symbols]

[0034] 1: Crushing blade, 2: cutting edge, 3: Through hole, 4: Side, 4a: radially outer part, 5: Outer surface, 6A, 6B, 6C: Hard overlay part, 7: Hardcover material, 10: Crushing unit, 13, 13A, 13B: crushing blade, 14: Spacer, 15, 15A, 15B: Rotating shaft, 32: cutting edge, 33: Through hole, 34: Side, 35: Outer surface, 36: Meat-filled hard-mounted part, 61, 62: End parts, 63: Middle part

Claims

1. A crushing blade for a shear crusher, which has a hook-shaped cutting edge formed on the outer periphery, a through hole for a rotating shaft formed in the center, and hard-coated on the side, A plurality of hard-clad sections formed by overlay welding hard-clad materials are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface and side surfaces, A plurality of C-shaped hard-wearing portions and / or crescent-shaped hard-wearing portions formed by overlay welding of hard-wearing materials are arranged on the side surface, A crushing blade characterized in that the C-shaped hard-built portion and the crescent-shaped hard-built portion extend curvedly with the center of curvature toward the forward side in the direction of rotation, and the radially outer end is formed so as to be positioned forward in the direction of rotation than the radially inner end.

2. The crushing blade according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of spot hardening portions formed by overlay welding a hardening material into a hemispherical, conical, or truncated conical shape are arranged on the outer peripheral surface.

3. The crushing blade according to claim 2, characterized in that the diameter of the spot build-up hardening portion is set to 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the thickness dimension of the crushing blade, and the arrangement interval is set to 5 to 30 mm.

4. When wear of the outer periphery or side of a crushing blade for a shear crusher, which has a hook-shaped cutting edge formed on the outer periphery, a through hole for a rotating shaft formed in the center, and hard-coated sides, progresses, A method for repairing a crushing blade, comprising overlay welding a hard coating material on a surface where wear has progressed, thereby forming a plurality of hard coating parts at intervals in the circumferential direction, A method for repairing a crushing blade, characterized in that a hard layer is overlaid and welded on a side where wear has progressed, to form a plurality of C-shaped hard layer sections and / or crescent-shaped hard layer sections that extend in a curved manner with the center of curvature toward the forward side in the direction of rotation, and that the radially outer end section is positioned forward in the direction of rotation than the radially inner end section.

5. The method for repairing a crushing blade according to claim 4, characterized in that a plurality of spot hardening portions are formed by overlay welding a hardening material into a hemispherical, conical, or truncated conical shape on the outer peripheral surface where wear has progressed.

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