A printing unit comprising two base modules and a non-impact printing portion

Abstract

The present invention relates to a printing unit (700), the printing unit (700) comprising a plate cylinder (752), an impression cylinder (708), and a frame having two frame side walls (702; 703) facing each other in a lateral direction (A), the printing unit (700) comprising two base modules (704), each of which has two base side walls (706; 707), each of which has a base side wall (706; 707) and a base side wall (706; 707) facing each other in a lateral direction (A). Each base module (704) is a component of the frame side wall (702; 703), and each base module (704) has four mounting areas (726; 727; 728; 729) for the rotating carriers (708; 709; 711; 712; 713; 714), the relative positions of the mounting areas (726; 727; 728; 729) being consistent in both base modules (704), and along the transport path, a first respective mounting area (726; 727) forms a select group of the respective base module (704), and a first In exactly one of the mounting areas (726; 727) of the selected group of mounting areas (726; 727) of the base module (704) is arranged an impression cylinder (708) which forms a first printing location (758) together with the printing cylinder (752), and in each mounting area (726; 727; 728; 729) a rotating carrier (708; 709; 711; 712; 713; 714) is arranged, and a print head (791) of the non-impact printing location (787) is arranged on the first base module (704). The printing unit (700) is oriented toward a rotating carrier (709; 711; 712; 713) that is arranged in the mounting area (726; 727; 728; 729) of the first base module (704), and a print head (791) of a non-impact printing location (787) is oriented toward a rotating carrier (709; 711; 712; 713) that is arranged in the mounting area (726; 727; 728; 729) of the second base module (704).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a printing unit including two base modules and a non-impact printing portion.

[0002] It is known to apply a coating agent containing magnetic or magnetizable particles onto a substrate and then orient the particles by an orienting device operating, for example, with a magnetic field. In this way, an optical effect dependent on the viewing angle is generated, and the optical effect can be fixed by curing the coating agent.

[0003] According to International Publication No. 2021 / 259527, a layer of a crosslinkable coating agent containing magnetic or magnetizable particles is applied onto a substrate by a screen printing method, the particles are oriented parallel to each other by an orienting device, and then a further layer is applied by an inkjet printing device, at which time the parallel orientation of these particles is partially disrupted again, and then the layer of the coating agent is crosslinked by radiation. A method is known.

[0004] According to International Publication No. 2020 / 148076, it is known to apply a coating agent containing magnetic or magnetizable particles onto a substrate, orient it, and solidify it by targeting with a matrix consisting of individually operationally controllable UV-LEDs, thereby generating a motif.

[0005] According to the specification of European Patent No. 2007581, a printing machine including an inkjet printing device upstream of a screen printing device is known.

[0006] According to the specification of European Patent No. 2084005, a method of applying a crosslinkable material onto a substrate by an inkjet printing device and then curing it by UV radiation is known.

[0007] According to the specification of German Patent Application Publication No. 102020102621, a sheet printing machine including an offset printing unit and a screen printing unit, as well as an orienting device and a curing device, is known.

[0008] According to the specification of German Patent Invention No. 102022109034 and the specification of German Patent Invention No. 102022109038, a sheet printing machine comprising a screen printing unit, an orienting device and a curing device is known respectively.

[0009] According to International Publication No. 2009 / 022317, a sheet printing machine comprising two screen printing units and an orienting device arranged between the two screen printing units is known.

[0010] According to International Publication No. 2016 / 030819, a sheet printing machine comprising a screen printing unit, a gravure printing unit, an orienting device and a curing device is known.

[0011] According to the specification of German Patent Application Publication No. 102017204598, a sheet printing machine comprising a magnet cylinder for holding a tool is known.

[0012] According to the specification of German Patent Application Publication No. 102020106154, a sheet printing machine comprising an offset printing unit and a screen printing unit, as well as an orienting device and a curing device is known.

[0013] According to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2022-002906, a sheet printing machine comprising a screen printing unit, as well as two orienting devices and corresponding curing devices is known. According to European Patent Application Publication No. 1147893, a printing machine is known that comprises a plurality of printing modules each having a lower structural part that is identically configured and each having one transport cylinder and subsequently an impression cylinder. The last module, called a multi-functional module, comprises a group of components including, for example, an inkjet printing head instead of an offset printing unit. According to European Patent Application Publication No. 2982510, a printing machine is disclosed in which additional modules may be incorporated at different locations. The additional modules include inkjet printing heads. According to German Patent Application Publication No. 102005021186, a printing machine is known that may have inkjet printing heads at different locations within the area of the last printing unit and / or within the area of the varnishing unit. According to German Patent Application Publication No. 102009003202, non-impact printing locations in a sheet printing machine are known.

[0014] The problem underlying the present invention is to provide a printing unit comprising two base modules.

[0015] The above problem is solved in the present invention by the features of claim 1.

[0016] The printing unit preferably comprises at least one printing location with a first forme, the printing location with the first forme being formed by a pair of cooperating rotors. The printing unit comprises at least one first orienting cylinder downstream of the printing location with the first forme along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate. The printing unit comprises at least one first non-impact printing location downstream of the printing location with the first forme along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate. At least one first printing head is assigned to the first non-impact printing location. The printing unit comprises at least one first curing device, along with a first curing area assigned to the first curing device, downstream of the first non-impact printing location along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate. In one development, the printing unit preferably is characterized in that within the area of the first non-impact printing location, the transport path provided for transporting the substrate is defined by the first orienting cylinder or a rotating transport body directly preceding the first orienting cylinder. Thus, a coating agent containing orientable particles is applied onto the substrate by the printing location with the forme, and only then, in particular with the application of a colorless additive by at least one printing head, can it be selectively cured in the curing device. Thereby, it is possible to write image information into the coating agent by at least one printing head and then fix it. Thereby, such image information can be entered into the coating agent with a very high resolution and in a particularly simple manner.

[0017] One In a development form, the printing unit is preferably such that, within a first curing region of at least one first curing device, a transport path provided for transporting a substrate is defined by a first orienting cylinder or a rotary transport body directly downstream of the first orienting cylinder. Since at least one printing head determines which area is to be solidified, the solidification can be carried out still on the orienting cylinder or, when the orientation is sufficiently stable, also downstream of the orienting cylinder. This enables integration according to the space situation. In addition, a relatively simple curing device can be used.

[0018] One In a development form, the printing unit preferably has a supply reservoir that is connected in terms of pipeline technology to at least one first printing head, in which a colorless additive in particular is arranged, the additive being formed in particular as an additive that changes the curing properties of the material to be applied. This material is in particular a mixture consisting of a coating agent formed, for example, as printing ink and this additive. Thereby, the image information is preferably generated on the substrate only by location assignment without influencing the color properties of the coating agent.

[0019] One In a development form, the printing unit is preferably such that the printing location with the first plate is formed as a screen printing location. Thus, a particularly thick layer of the coating agent is produced with a correspondingly good visible effect.

[0020] One In a development form, the printing unit is preferably arranged directly downstream of the impression cylinder at the printing location with the first plate along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate. A rotating transport body is formed as a transfer drum and / or as a blanket drum and / or as a suction drum and / or as a rotating transport body that operates non-contactingly except for gripper contact. Thereby, the substrate can be transported preferably without negatively affecting the coating agent applied by the printing location with the plate.

[0021] One In a development form, the printing unit is preferably such that at least one first printing head is formed as an inkjet printing head and / or each orienting cylinder has a plurality of elements that cause a magnetic field within the region of the outer circumference of the orienting cylinder and / or the curing device has at least one radiation source for UV radiation and / or at least one electron beam source.

[0022] One In a development form, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that the printing unit is formed as a sheet printing unit. Thus, the printing unit is incorporated, for example, into a security printing machine that normally prints on sheets.

[0023] One In a development form, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that the printing unit comprises at least one second orienting cylinder downstream of at least one first orienting cylinder along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate. . One In a development form, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that the printing unit comprises at least one second non-impact printing location downstream of the first orienting cylinder along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate, and at least one second printing head is assigned to the second non-impact printing location. . One In a development form, the printing unit preferably comprises, along a transport path provided for transporting a substrate, downstream of a second non-impact printing location, at least one second curing device, with a second curing area assigned to the second curing device, downstream of the second non-impact printing location. In an advantageous form, this enables a plurality of image areas having pigments of a plurality of different orientations to be subjected, a plurality of times, to a coating agent that has not yet been fixed, to be oriented, additives to be mixed in sub-areas, and subsequently, as a result, to be solidified only within these sub-areas, and subsequently, the sub-areas that have not yet been solidified can be treated in the same way, thereby being generated.

[0024] One In a development form, the printing unit preferably has, within the area of the second non-impact printing location, the transport path provided for transporting the substrate defined by a second orienting cylinder or a rotating transport body directly preceding the second orienting cylinder, and / or within the second curing area of at least one second curing device, the transport path provided for transporting the substrate is defined by a second orienting cylinder or a rotating transport body directly following the second orienting cylinder. . One In a development form, the printing unit preferably has all printing locations with a plate of the printing unit arranged upstream of the first non-impact printing location and / or downstream of the second non-impact printing location.

[0025] One In a development form, the printing unit preferably has additives, in particular colorless additives, in particular additives that change the curing properties of the material to be coated, arranged in a supply reservoir that is connected, in terms of pipeline technology, to at least one second printing head.

[0026] The printing unit , less comprises at least one plate cylinder and at least one impression cylinder cooperating with the plate cylinder. . Print The brush unit comprises at least one structure, the structure having at least two structural side walls, the structural side walls being arranged to face each other in the lateral direction. . Print The brush unit comprises at least one first base module and at least one second base module, each base module having two integral and stationary base side walls respectively, each of the base side walls being a component of the respective structural side wall, each base module having four built-in areas for the rotary carriers respectively, the relative positions of the four built-in areas of the first base module being identical to the relative positions of the four built-in areas of the second base module. . That Along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate in each base module, the first respective built-in area and the second respective built-in area along this transport path form the respective selection groups of each base module. Exactly one impression cylinder forming a printing location with a first plate together with the plate cylinder is arranged within one built-in area of the selection group of the first base module. Each of at least four built-in areas of both base modules houses a respective rotary carrier. At least one print head for a non-impact printing location is arranged and directed towards one cylinder arranged within one built-in area of the first base module. . Another At least one print head for a non-impact printing location is arranged and directed towards one cylinder arranged within one built-in area of the second base module. . The use of the same base module reduces the manufacturing effort, thereby saving costs and resources.

[0027] One In a development form, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that within at least one built-in area of the first base module, a rotary carrier which is functionally different from the built-in area corresponding to its built-in position in the second base module is arranged. This is a particularly advantageous application example of the modular structural form.. One In a developed form, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that an impression cylinder disposed within one of the incorporation regions of the incorporation region selection group of the first base module forms a screen printing location together with a screen printing plate cylinder.

[0028] One In a developed form, the printing unit is preferably such that an impression cylinder is disposed within a first incorporation region along a conveyance path provided for conveyance of a base material of the first base module, and a rotating conveyance body formed as a transfer drum and / or as a broad drum and / or as a suction drum and / or operating non-contact except for gripper contact is disposed within a second incorporation region along the conveyance path provided for conveyance of the base material of the first base module, and a rotating conveyance body formed as a first orienting cylinder is disposed within a third incorporation region along the conveyance path provided for conveyance of the base material of the first base module, and a rotating conveyance body formed as a transfer drum and / or as a broad drum and / or as a suction drum and / or operating non-contact except for gripper contact is disposed within a fourth incorporation region along the conveyance path provided for conveyance of the base material of the first base module. . One In a developed form, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that at least one printing head for a non-impact printing location is directed and disposed toward the rotating conveyance body within the second incorporation region of the first base module or the rotating conveyance body within the third incorporation region of the first base module, and / or the first curing region of the first curing device is directed and disposed toward the rotating conveyance body within the third incorporation region of the first base module or the rotating conveyance body within the fourth incorporation region of the first base module.

[0029] One In a development form, the printing unit preferably has an impression cylinder arranged in a second incorporation area along a transport path provided for transporting the base material in a second base module, and a rotary transport body formed as a transfer drum and / or as a broad drum and / or as a suction drum and / or operating non-contactingly except for gripper contact is arranged in a third incorporation area along the transport path provided for transporting the base material in the second base module, and a rotary transport body formed as another orienting cylinder is arranged in a fourth incorporation area along the transport path provided for transporting the base material in the second base module, characterized in that . One In a development form, the printing unit preferably has at least one print head of another non-impact printing location directed and arranged towards the rotary transport body in the third incorporation area of the second base module or towards the rotary transport body in the fourth incorporation area of the second base module, and another curing area of another curing device is directed and arranged towards the rotary transport body in the fourth incorporation area of the second base module or towards a rotary transport body subsequent to this rotary transport body outside the second base module, characterized in that.

[0030] One In a development form, the printing unit preferably has a rotary transport body formed as another orienting cylinder arranged in a first incorporation area along a transport path provided for transporting the base material in a second base module, characterized in that . One In a development form, the printing unit preferably has at least one print head of another non-impact printing location directed and arranged towards the orienting cylinder in the first incorporation area of the second base module or towards a rotary transport body preceding this orienting cylinder, and / or another curing area of another curing device is directed and arranged towards the orienting cylinder in the first incorporation area of the second base module or towards the rotary transport body in the second incorporation area of the second base module, characterized in that.

[0031] The inspection unit is preferably formed as an independent module. At least one inspection unit has at least one rotary carrier for transporting the sheet, and at least one inspection device is arranged and directed towards the rotary carrier. . One In a development form, the inspection unit preferably has the characteristic that the inspection unit has a specific structure, the structure rotatably supports at least one rotary carrier, and / or the inspection unit has an inlet interface for receiving the sheet and an outlet interface for discharging the sheet. . One In a development form, the inspection unit preferably has the characteristic that the inlet interface and the outlet interface are arranged at the same height. Thus, such an inspection unit can be incorporated into the printing machine at various locations particularly easily.

[0032] One In a development form, the inspection unit preferably has the characteristic that at least one inspection device is arranged and directed towards each rotary carrier from above, and / or at least one inspection device is arranged and directed towards each rotary carrier from below.

[0033] An exemplary printing machine preferably comprises at least one printing unit as described above. Preferably, the printing machine additionally comprises at least one other printing unit, which is formed as a simultaneous printing unit and / or as a numbering printing unit and / or as a flexographic printing unit.

[0034] One In a development form, the printing machine preferably has the characteristic that the printing machine comprises at least one sheet feeder, at least one printing unit, at least one sheet delivery, and at least one inspection unit as described above. . One In a development form, the printing machine is preferably characterized in that the structure of each of at least one inspection unit is different from the structure of the sheet feeder, the structure of at least one printing unit, and the structure of at least one sheet delivery.

[0035] Embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings and will be described in detail below.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0036]

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[0037] The printing machine 01 is preferably formed as a security printing machine 01. The printing machine 01 is preferably formed as a sheet printing machine 01. The sheet printing machine 01 is preferably formed as a security printing machine 01. The printing machine 01 as the sheet printing machine 01 will be described below. The present invention is similarly applicable when the printing machine 01 is appropriately configured as a rotary printing machine. The sheet printing machine 01 is preferably formed as a rotary printing machine 01, particularly a sheet-fed rotary printing machine 01. The sheet printing machine 01 preferably includes at least one sheet processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700. The at least one sheet processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700 is formed, for example, as a sheet printing unit 200; 500; 600; 700. The sheet printing machine 01 is used for printing on a substrate 02, particularly a substrate 02 in the form of a sheet 02. The sheet 02 is formed, for example, from cellulose fibers, or preferably paper based on cotton fibers, plastic polymers, or hybrid products thereof. The sheet 02 may or may not be coated before being processed by the sheet printing machine 01. The sheet 02 may or may not be printed, or may have been printed once or multiple times, or may have been mechanically processed in another way. On the sheet 02, preferably, a plurality of assigned surfaces, particularly a plurality of printed images of banknotes to be manufactured, are arranged side by side in a row, and a plurality of such rows of the assigned surfaces or their printed images are arranged one after another in the transport direction T, or are arranged accordingly during the processing of each sheet 02.

[0038] The sheet printing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one base material supply device 100 or sheet supply device 100, preferably formed as a sheet feeder 100, in particular additionally with respect to at least one sheet processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or along a transport path provided for transporting the base material 02 or the sheet 02, upstream of at least one sheet processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700, more preferably upstream of each sheet processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700. The at least one base material supply device 100 preferably has a transport section 101, for example a transport section 101 formed as a belt table 101. For example, the base material supply device 100 has at least one non-stop device that enables the supply of the sheet 02 to continue without interruption even when placing subsequent piles. The belt table located behind the sheet pile is formed, for example, as a suction belt table. For example, at least one alignment device, referred to as a sheet alignment unit, is arranged. The alignment device preferably has a feed table and at least one movable front stop. The sheet feeder 100 preferably has at least one pivoting gripper or pivot section. Along the transport path provided for transporting the base material 02, a receiving drum 104 is preferably arranged downstream of the pivoting gripper. Preferably, the sheet 02 is transferred from the pivoting gripper to the receiving drum 104. The receiving drum 104 is a rotating transport body 104.

[0039] The sheet printing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one assembly 900, in particular formed as a delivery device 900, especially a sheet delivery 900, additionally to at least one sheet processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or along a transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02, downstream of at least one sheet feeder 100, more preferably downstream of each sheet processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700. The sheet delivery 900 preferably comprises at least one sheet transport system 904, which is in particular formed as a chain-type transport system 904 or a chain gripper system 904. The sheet transport system 904 comprises, for example, pulling means moved via drive means and deflection means, which drive a gripping device for sheet transport. For example, a sheet guide mechanism and / or a drying device and / or a curing device 906 are arranged in the sheet delivery 900. For example, the sheet delivery 900 is equipped with a non-stop device for continuously discharging the delivery pile.

[0040] Alternatively or additionally, the delivery device 900 has at least two, more preferably at least three, in particular discharge stations 901; 902; 903 arranged one behind the other along a transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02 and / or the sheet 02. At least one delivery device 900 is thus preferably formed as a multiple pile delivery 900, in particular as at least a double pile delivery 900, or at least a triple pile delivery 900, or at least a quadruple pile delivery 900. The discharge stations 901; 902; 903 are also referred to as pile deliveries 901; 902; 903.

[0041] The transport path provided for the transport of the base material 02, in particular for the transport of at least partially individualized sheets 02, preferably starts at the base material supply device 100 and / or preferably ends at the sheet delivery 900. A pile having a plurality of sheets 02 is preferably supplied to the base material supply device 100 and / or taken out from the sheet delivery 900. The transport paths of these piles should not be counted as part of the transport path provided for the transport of the base material 02. For example, along the transport path provided for the transport of the base material 02, at least one full-sheet monitoring device is arranged. The full-sheet monitoring device is used in particular to detect the arrival and / or the expected shape of the side edges of the sheet 02 at the expected times. The full-sheet monitoring device has, for example, at least one source of electromagnetic radiation, in particular visible light, and a sensor for electromagnetic radiation, in particular visible light.

[0042] In the case of a transport path having a curvature, the transport direction T preferably extends in the tangential direction with respect to the part and / or point of the provided transport path that is close to each respective reference point, and is the predefined direction T at this part and / or point for the transport of the base material 02 and / or the sheet 02. Each of these reference points is preferably located at a point and / or member that is associated with the transport direction T. Therefore, the transport direction T preferably extends along the transport path provided for the base material 02 and / or the sheet 02, respectively. The transverse direction A is preferably the direction A that extends horizontally perpendicular to the transport direction T.

[0043] Printing machines 02, in particular sheet printing machines 01, comprise at least one processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular a sheet processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700. For example, the sheet printing machine 01 comprises at least two, or even more, sheet processing units 200; 500; 600; 700. At least one processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular a sheet processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700, is preferably also formed as at least a printing unit 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular a sheet printing unit 200; 500; 600; 700. The sheet printing unit 200; 500; 600; 700, in this case, and in some cases generally, should also be understood as a sheet coating unit 200; 500; 600; 700, that is, in particular a sheet varnishing unit 200; 500; 600; 700. The sheet printing machine 01 comprises, for example, a plurality of printing units 200; 500; 600; 700, and the printing units 200; 500; 600; 700 are assigned to various printing methods.

[0044] Preferably, the printing machine 01 comprises at least one printing unit 700, the printing unit 700 being used to generate optically variable image elements 700, the optically variable image elements 700 being formed in particular as anti-counterfeiting means. In the following and above, this will be explained by taking as an example the printing unit 700 formed in particular as a screen printing unit 700. However, this printing unit 700 may also work by other printing methods with a plate, in particular, and may be formed, for example, as an intaglio printing unit or as a flexographic printing unit. The sheet printing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one printing unit 700 formed in particular as a screen printing unit 700 and / or as a sheet printing unit 700. By the screen printing method, in particular, layers of a particularly large thickness can be applied. The printing unit 700 formed in particular as a screen printing unit 700 is used in particular to generate optically variable image elements, in particular anti-counterfeiting elements, on the sheet 02. The printing unit 700 formed in particular as a screen printing unit 700 preferably comprises at least one impression cylinder 708 and a plate cylinder 752 cooperating with the impression cylinder 708, the plate cylinder 752 preferably being formed as a screen printing plate cylinder 752. The impression cylinder 708 and the plate cylinder 752 together form respective printing locations 758, in particular screen printing locations 758. Thereby, in a conventional manner, a coating agent, in particular printing ink, can be applied onto the sheet 02.

[0045] Preferably, at least one optically variable coating agent, in particular at least one optically variable printing ink and / or at least one optically variable varnish, is used. This optically variable coating agent is applied, for example, entirely or preferably in a partial area, in the form of a first printed image element. The printing unit 700, which is particularly formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one directing device 771 that is contained in the optically variable coating agent applied onto each sheet 02 and directs the particles responsible for the optical variability. As the particles responsible for the optical variability, preferably, magnetic or magnetizable non-spherical particles, for example pigment particles (also simply referred to here as magnetic particles or flakes), are contained in each coating agent, in particular in the printing ink or varnish. The at least one directing device 771 has, for example, a plurality of components. The printing unit 700, which is particularly formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one directing cylinder 709. This at least one directing cylinder 709 is preferably a component of each directing device 771. The printing unit 700, which is particularly formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one pre-directing device 767. This at least one pre-directing device 767 is preferably a component of each directing device 771. The printing unit 700, which is particularly formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one parallel directing device 774. This at least one parallel directing device 774 is preferably a component of each directing device 771.

[0046] The printing unit 700, which is preferably formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one drying device 772 or curing device 772. Each at least one curing device 772 is preferably used for fixing the orientation of magnetic or magnetizable particles. Each at least one curing device 772 is preferably arranged downstream of or within the region of each orientation cylinder 709 on the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02. Each at least one curing device 772 is preferably formed as a particularly narrow-band radiation dryer 772, for example a UV dryer 772, particularly preferably an LED dryer 772, and even more preferably a UV-LED dryer 772. Alternatively or additionally, each at least one curing device 772 is formed as an electron beam dryer 772. Each curing device 772 is arranged, for example, along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 such that the curing device 772 is directed towards the outer circumferential surface of each orientation cylinder 709 or another rotating transport body 711; 712; 713, and in the transport angles W726; W728; W729, the sheet 02 is transported by each orientation cylinder 709 or another rotating transport body 711; 712; 713. In one embodiment, each at least one curing device 772 is arranged such that the curing region 788 of the curing device 772 is located radially further outside the curing device 772 itself with respect to the rotating transport body 711; 712; 713 that cooperates with the curing device 772. Thus, for example, when the curing device 772 is assigned to a rotating transport body 711; 712; 713 that directly follows the orientation cylinder 709, the inner surface of the sheet 02 can be dried. To avoid unnecessary heating, the curing device 772 preferably operates in a narrow-band wavelength range that promotes curing, for example, a wavelength range having a spectral half-value width associated with a radiation beam of up to 50 nm, preferably up to 30 nm. Preferably, the radiation maximum is in the vicinity of a wavelength of 385 ± 25 nm, particularly 385 ± 15 nm.

[0047] In a likewise advantageous further development of the printing machine 01, downstream of the last orienting device 771, there is provided a drying device and / or a curing device 906 which acts continuously over the entire substrate width and sufficiently dries the coating agent applied onto the sheet 02, for example a radiation dryer 906, in particular a UV dryer 906 or an electron beam dryer 906.

[0048] The printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises a specifically stationary structure 701, which has at least two, in particular specifically stationary structure side walls 702; 703. The printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, can be configured in various embodiments. What is preferably common to these embodiments is that each printing unit 700 comprises at least one, in particular specifically stationary, base module 704. Each base module 704 has two, in particular specifically stationary, base side walls 706; 707, which are arranged so as to face each other, in particular in the transverse direction A. Preferably, each base side wall 706; 707 is integrally formed, for example cast. These base side walls 706; 707 are at the same time parts of the specifically stationary structure 701 of the printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700. These base side walls 706; 707 are preferably each a component of the respective structure side walls 702; 703. The structure side walls 702; 703 of the printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, are arranged so as to face each other, in particular in the transverse direction A. Preferably, the structure side walls 702; 703 are rigidly connected to each other via at least one, in particular specifically stationary, cross bar 723. Preferably, the base side walls 706; 707 are rigidly connected to each other via at least one, in particular specifically stationary, cross bar 723.

[0049] Each base module 704 defines four built-in areas 726; 727; 728; 729 for the respective rotary carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713. In this case, the rotary carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 are each rotatably arranged about their respective axes of rotation 716; 717; 718; 719 and should be understood as the set 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 used for transporting the sheet 02. Examples of the rotary carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 are the impression cylinder 708, the orienting cylinder 709, the transfer drum 711, the broad drum 712 and the suction drum 713. Another example of the rotary carrier 104 is the receiving drum 104. The receiving drum 104, however, is preferably a component of the sheet feeding device 100.

[0050] Preferably, all the rotary carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of each base module 704, more preferably all the rotary carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of the printing unit 700 formed as the screen printing unit 700 in particular, have a single circumference, that is to say they are formed to receive the sheet 02 on the circumference.

[0051] The four embedding regions 726; 727; 728; 729 are preferably arranged such that the embedding regions 726; 727; 728; 729 and / or the rotary carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 arranged in the embedding regions 726; 727; 728; 729 respectively define sections assigned to the respective base modules 704 of the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02. The first embedding region 726 of each base module 704 is the first embedding region 726 as seen along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02. The first rotary carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of each base module 704 are the rotary carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 arranged in the first embedding region 726. The second embedding region 727 of each base module 704 is the second embedding region 727 as seen along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02. The second rotary carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of each base module 704 are the rotary carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 arranged in the second embedding region 727. The third embedding region 728 of each base module 704 is the third embedding region 728 as seen along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02. The third rotary carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of each base module 704 are the rotary carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 arranged in the third embedding region 728. The fourth embedding region 729 of each base module 704 is the fourth embedding region 729 as seen along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02. The fourth rotary carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of each base module 704 are the rotary carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 arranged in the fourth embedding region 727.

[0052] The passing plane E of each base module 704 is defined as a plane E that completely contains the rotational axes 716; 717; 718; 719 of the first rotational carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of this respective base module 704 and the rotational axes 716; 717; 718; 719 of the fourth rotational carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of this respective base module 704. This passing plane E divides the space into two half-spaces. Preferably, the rotational axes 716; 717; 718; 719 of the second rotational carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of each respective base module 704 are arranged completely within one of these two half-spaces, and the rotational axes 716; 717; 718; 719 of the third rotational carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of each respective base module 704 are arranged completely within the other of these two half-spaces. Preferably, the passing plane E has a normal vector N that is offset by up to 45° from the vertical direction V, more preferably up to 20°, and even more preferably up to 10°. Even more preferably, the normal vector N extends in the vertical direction V. Preferably, the rotational axes 716; 717; 718; 719 of the second rotational carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 are arranged further below the rotational axes 716; 717; 718; 719 of the third rotational carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713, and more preferably, they are arranged further below the rotational axes 716; 717; 718; 719 of the first rotational carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 and the rotational axes 716; 717; 718; 719 of the fourth rotational carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713. Preferably, the rotational axes 716; 717; 718; 719 of the third rotational carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 are arranged further above the rotational axes 716; 717; 718; 719 of the second rotational carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713, and more preferably, they are arranged further above the rotational axes 716; 717; 718; 719 of the first rotational carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 and the rotational axes 716; 717; 718; 719 of the fourth rotational carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713.

[0053] The transport angles W726; W727; W728; W729 of the rotary transporter are preferably the angular ranges within which the seat 02 is transported by this rotary transporter, centered on the axis of rotation of this rotary transporter.

[0054] Preferably, the transport angle W726 of the first rotary transporter 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or the first incorporation region 726 of each base module 704 is greater than 180°. For example, the transport angle 726 of this first rotary transporter 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or this first incorporation region 726 is at least 190°, still more preferably at least 195°. Preferably, the transport angle W726 of this first rotary transporter 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 is at most 240°, more preferably at most 220°, still more preferably at most 205°, still more preferably at most 201°.

[0055] Preferably, the transport angle W727 of the second rotary transporter 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or the second incorporation region 727 of each base module 704 is greater than 180°. For example, the transport angle W727 of this second rotary transporter 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or this second incorporation region 727 is at least 200°, still more preferably at least 220°, still more preferably at least 240°. Preferably, the transport angle W727 of this second rotary transporter 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or this second incorporation region 727 is at most 300°, more preferably at most 270°, still more preferably at most 250°, still more preferably at most 245°.

[0056] Preferably, the conveying angle W728 of the third rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or the third incorporation area 728 of each base module 704 is greater than 180°. For example, the conveying angle W728 of this third rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or this third incorporation area 728 is at least 200°, still more preferably at least 220°, still more preferably at least 240°. Preferably, the conveying angle W728 of this third rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or this third incorporation area 728 is at most 300°, more preferably at most 270°, still more preferably at most 250°, still more preferably at most 245°. Preferably, the conveying angle W728 of this third rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or this third incorporation area 728 is the same size as the conveying angle W727 of the second rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or the third incorporation area 727.

[0057] Preferably, the conveying angle W729 of the fourth rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or the fourth incorporation area 729 of each base module 704 is greater than 180°. For example, the conveying angle W729 of this fourth rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or this fourth incorporation area 729 is at least 190°, still more preferably at least 195°. Preferably, the conveying angle W729 of this fourth rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or this fourth incorporation area 729 is at most 240°, more preferably at most 220°, still more preferably at most 205°, still more preferably at most 201°. Preferably, the conveying angle W729 of this fourth rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or this fourth incorporation area 729 is the same size as the conveying angle W726 of the first rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or the first incorporation area 726.

[0058] The printing unit 700, which is formed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, is preferably formed to print on a substrate 02, in particular a sheet 02, with at least one printing plate 751, preferably a printing plate 751 formed as a cylindrical screen 751, in particular a screen printing plate 751. Preferably, this printing plate 751 has around it a number of, in particular of the same kind and / or the same, elements generating an image, such as a printing image subject, or in particular a group of printing subjects generating an image of the same kind and / or the same. The elements are arranged in a plurality of columns spaced apart from one another at equal distances in a direction transverse to the transport direction T on a peripheral length corresponding to the printing image length, for example in a matrix, and in a plurality of rows spaced apart from one another at equal distances in the transport direction T on a cylinder width corresponding to the printing image width. These elements or printing subjects are preferably formed in the form of a stencil printing plate. The printing unit 700, which is formed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one plate cylinder 752, which is formed in particular as a screen printing plate cylinder 752. Preferably, each such plate cylinder 752, in particular a screen printing plate cylinder 752, has an assigned individual impression cylinder 708. Each screen printing plate cylinder 752 carries and / or has such a cylindrical screen 751.

[0059] The screen printing plate cylinder 752 is arranged rotatably about a rotation axis 753. Each screen printing plate cylinder 752 is simultaneously a rotating body 752. The screen printing device 754 preferably additionally has at least one doctor device 757. The doctor device 757 cooperates with the cylindrical screen 751 in a known manner to apply printing ink onto each sheet 02 through an opening provided in the cylindrical screen 751 while each sheet 02 is held and transported by the impression cylinder 708. The impression cylinder 708 and the plate cylinder 752, which is formed in particular as a screen printing plate cylinder 752, together form a printing location 758, which is formed in particular as a screen printing location 758.

[0060] In particular, the printing unit 700 formed as the screen printing unit 700 includes, for example, at least one transfer drum 711. Each transfer drum 711 usually has at least one gripping device for sheet conveyance. Each transfer drum 711 preferably has at least one base body. The at least one gripping device has a fixing mechanism for receiving and fixing the sheet 02. The fixing mechanism is preferably movably arranged on and / or together with the base body. As the fixing mechanism, preferably, grippers for gripping the sheet edge, in particular clamp grippers and / or suction grippers, are arranged. Each transfer drum 711, and in particular the base body of the transfer drum 711 and / or at least one gripping device of the transfer drum 711, is rotatably arranged about the rotation axis 718.

[0061] The transfer drum 711 does not necessarily have a placement surface for the sheet 02, for example. The at least one gripper preferably has at least one movable gripping finger, and the gripping finger is movably arranged relative to the base body of the transfer drum 711.

[0062] The printing unit 700, which is formed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, for example, comprises at least one broad drum 712. Each broad drum 712 usually has at least one gripping device for sheet conveyance. Each broad drum 712 preferably has at least one base body. The at least one gripping device has a fixing mechanism for receiving and fixing the sheet 02. The fixing mechanism is preferably movably arranged on and / or together with the base body. As the fixing mechanism, preferably, grippers for gripping the sheet edge, in particular clamp grippers and / or suction grippers, are arranged. Each broad drum 712, and in particular at least one gripping device of the broad drum 712 and / or the base body of the broad drum 712, is rotatably arranged about the rotation axis 719. The at least one gripper preferably has at least one movable gripping finger, and the gripping finger is movably arranged relative to the base body of the broad drum 712.

[0063] Each broad drum 712 preferably does not have a rotatable placement surface for the sheet 02. Preferably, at least one sheet guiding device and at least one sheet blowing device are arranged. The at least one sheet guiding device preferably has at least one inner surface, and the shape of the inner surface corresponds to a partial section of a cylinder jacket, and the axis of this section is the same as the rotation axis 719 of the broad drum 712. The at least one sheet blowing device is used to generate a gas flow directed from the inside towards the inner surface of this sheet guiding device. Thereby, the corresponding sheet 02 can be held by the gripping device and further conveyed around the rotation axis 719. During this time, the inward-facing surface of the sheet 02 is not touched by the components of the printing unit 700 formed in particular as the screen printing unit 700, except for the contact surface of the fixing mechanism.

[0064] Each broad drum 712 is preferably arranged directly downstream of each impression cylinder 708 and / or directly upstream of each orienting cylinder 709 along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02. In this way, the sheet 02 can be transported without the freshly printed sheet surface coming into contact with anything and the applied printed image being damaged as it travels from the impression cylinder 708 to the orienting cylinder 709 or from one orienting cylinder 709 to another orienting cylinder 709.

[0065] Preferably, at least one pre-orienting device 767 is arranged, for example, in the region of the broad drum 712 and / or the suction drum 713 and / or the transfer drum 711. This at least one pre-orienting device 767 is preferably a component of each orienting device 771. This at least one pre-orienting device 767 is preferably arranged stationary during the printing operation. This at least one pre-orienting device 767 is preferably assigned to each broad drum 712 and / or suction drum 713 and / or transfer drum 711, more preferably to the broad drum 712 and / or suction drum 713 and / or transfer drum 711 assigned to each subsequent orienting cylinder 709. The pre-orienting device 767 is preferably formed such that it extends over an angle of action about the axis of rotation 719 of the broad drum 712 and / or the suction drum 713 and / or the transfer drum 711. The pre-orienting device 767 preferably has at least one, more preferably a plurality of, electromagnets and / or permanent magnets.

[0066] The printing unit 700, which is formed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, for example, comprises at least one suction drum 713. Each suction drum 713 usually has at least one gripping device for sheet conveyance. Each suction drum 713 preferably has at least one base body. The at least one gripping device has a fixing mechanism for receiving and fixing the sheet 02. The fixing mechanism is preferably arranged movably on and / or together with the base body. As the fixing mechanism, preferably, grippers for gripping the sheet edge, in particular clamp grippers and / or suction grippers, are arranged. Each suction drum 713, and in particular the base body of the suction drum 713 and / or at least one gripping device of the suction drum 713, is arranged rotatably about a rotation axis. The suction drum 713 preferably has a placement surface for the sheet 02. The at least one gripper preferably has at least one movable gripping finger, and the gripping finger is arranged movably relative to the base body of the suction drum 713 and / or the placement surface of the suction drum 713.

[0067] The placement surface of the suction drum 713 preferably has a suction opening for sucking in ambient air and / or the sheet 02 in particular. When the sheet 02 is placed on the placement surface of the suction drum 713, the leading edge of the sheet 02 is preferably held by grippers. Alternatively or additionally, the sheet 02 is held on the placement surface only by the suction opening. Preferably, at least one inspection device 402; 403 is arranged, and more preferably, it is directed towards the placement surface of the rotary carrier 407 formed as the suction drum 713. By sucking each sheet 02, the position of the sheet 02 on the suction drum 713 is particularly stable. This enables, for example, inspections with particularly high precision. In particular, in the context of a delivery device 900 having a plurality of pile spaces, in an advantageous development, at least one inspection unit 402; 403 is arranged downstream of the last deflecting device 771 along the transport path provided for transporting the base material 02. This at least one inspection device 402; 403 operates, for example, by the reflection method and preferably has a camera directed towards the point of incidence of the light source in the transport path provided for transporting the base material 02 in addition to the light source directed towards the transport path provided for transporting the base material 02. Sheets 02 determined to have defective or defective printed images are then collected in one of the piles, while so-called good sheets can be dropped into another pile.

[0068] As described, the printing unit 700, particularly formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one orienting cylinder 709, and the orienting cylinder 709 is particularly formed as a rotating carrier 709. Each orienting cylinder 709 is preferably formed as an orienting cylinder 709 having a magnetic action. Preferably, the sheet 02 is conveyed by each orienting cylinder 709, and at this time, the magnetic particles of the pre-coated and still undried coating agent are oriented according to the pattern of the magnetic field lines extending from each orienting cylinder 709. Preferably, each orienting cylinder 709 has a plurality of elements causing a magnetic field, briefly magnet elements, in the region of the outer periphery of the orienting cylinder 709, and the elements causing a magnetic field or magnet elements are particularly used for the orientation of at least a part of the magnetic or magnetizable particles of the coating agent adhered on each passing sheet 02. The magnet elements may be formed by permanent magnets with or without engraving, or by electromagnets, or by a combination of one or more permanent magnets and / or one or more electromagnets. The magnet elements are arranged on the cylinder base body removably and / or rotatably about an axis extending in the radial direction and / or adjustable individually or in groups with respect to the axial position and / or circumferential position of the magnet elements, and may form each orienting cylinder 709 together with the cylinder base body. In the case where there are a plurality of assigned surfaces for each sheet 02 as described above, for example in a matrix form, a plurality of, for example at least 4 rows of, each plurality of, for example 3 to 8, particularly 4 to 7, magnet elements spaced apart from each other in the transverse direction with respect to the transport direction T are provided or can be provided. By conveying the sheet 02 through each orienting cylinder 709, the orientation or alignment of the particles is carried out by the magnetic field lines induced by the magnet elements, and in some cases, it may also be carried out by passing through each sheet 02.

[0069] The magnet elements can be arranged within or in contact with a plurality of, for example, 3 to 8, in particular 4 to 7, axially spaced ring elements that are preferably positionable in the axial direction A. Alternatively, they can be arranged such that at least one, preferably a plurality, for example 2 to 12, advantageously 5 to 10, magnet elements are arranged circumferentially in succession and preferably positionable in the circumferential direction within or in contact with these ring elements. For example, at least one orienting cylinder 709 has at least one suction device by which each sheet 02 can be held on the orienting cylinder 709.

[0070] Preferably, each orienting cylinder 709 is mounted between the structural side walls 702; 703 of the printing unit 700, which is preferably formed as a screen printing unit 700, such that the orienting cylinder 709 is removable for replacement or for performing setting operations without removing one of the structural side walls 702; 703 in particular. However, this means a "planned" or "operational" removal or reinstallation as distinct from disassembling or dismantling the corresponding component unit. For this purpose, for example, at least on the drive side, a torsionally rigid, releasable connection is provided between the orienting cylinder 709 or the cylinder journal and the connecting drive shaft, and the disconnection point of the connection is located within the inner width between the structural side walls 702; 703.

[0071] Preferably, at least one outer magnet device 774 is arranged, and the outer magnet device 774 is formed in particular as a parallel magnet device 774. This at least one outer magnet device 774 is preferably arranged stationary, at least during the printing operation. This at least one outer magnet device 774 is preferably assigned to each orientation cylinder 709. This at least one outer magnet device 774 is preferably a component of the orientation device 771, in particular a component of the orientation device 771 to which the assigned orientation cylinder 709 also belongs. The outer magnet device 774 is preferably formed such that the outer magnet device 774 extends around the assigned orientation cylinder 709 over the angle of action. The outer magnet device 774 preferably has at least one, more preferably a plurality of, electromagnetic and / or permanent magnets and preferably cooperates with the magnetic device of each orientation cylinder 709.

[0072] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700, which is formed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one screen printing forme cylinder 752, the screen printing forme cylinder 752 forming a screen printing location 758 together with the impression cylinder 708, and at least one orientation cylinder 709 being arranged downstream of the impression cylinder 708 along a transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02, the orientation cylinder 709 being characterized by having a plurality of elements which cause a magnetic field in a region of the outer circumference of the orientation cylinder 709.

[0073] The printing unit 700 is formed, for example, as a sheet printing unit 700. The printing unit 700 preferably includes at least one printing location 758 with a first plate, and the printing location 758 with a first plate is formed by a pair of cooperating rotors 708; 752. At this time, the concept of "the first printing location" should preferably be understood only for the purpose of distinction and should not be understood in relation to the order in which the sheet passes through the printing unit 700. Preferably, the printing unit 700 is provided, for example directly, preferably indirectly, downstream of the printing location 758 with a first plate, along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02, with at least one first orienting cylinder 709 downstream of the printing location 758 with a first plate. Preferably, the printing unit 700 is provided, along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02, downstream of the printing location 758 with a first plate, with at least one first non-impact printing location 787, and at least one first printing head 791 is assigned to the first non-impact printing location 787. Preferably, the printing unit 700 is provided, along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02, downstream of the first non-impact printing location 787, with at least one first curing device 772, accompanied by a first curing area 788 assigned to the first curing device 772.

[0074] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that, within the area of the first non-impact printing location 787, the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 is defined by the first orienting cylinder 709, or by rotating transport bodies 711; 712; 713 that are directly pre-positioned in front of the first orienting cylinder 709, such as a transfer drum 711 and / or a broad drum 712 and / or a suction drum 713 and / or rotating transport bodies 711; 712; 713 that operate non-contactingly except for gripper contact.

[0075] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 preferably has a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 within a first curing region 788 of at least one first curing device 772, which is defined by a first orienting cylinder 709 or a rotating transport body 711; 712; 713, such as a transfer drum 711 and / or a broad drum 712 and / or a suction drum 713 and / or a rotating transport body 711; 712; 713 that operates non - contactingly except for gripper contact, which is directly downstream of the first orienting cylinder 709.

[0076] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 preferably has a supply reservoir 789 that is connected in terms of pipeline technology to at least one first printing head 791, in which a colorless additive is arranged in particular. The additive is formed, for example, as an additive that changes the curing properties of the material to be applied, and this material to be applied preferably forms a mixture with a coating agent, in particular printing ink, and this additive. Such a change in curing properties is, in particular, the occurrence and / or the acceleration of a radiation - induced reactive or curing reaction. Suitable radiation is formed, for example, as UV radiation and / or electron radiation. Preferably, the additive is a cross - linking agent. Preferably, the coating agent that can be applied and / or is applied by the printed area 758 with the first plate does not exhibit a radiation - induced reactivity or curing reaction on its own. Thereby, the portion of the coating agent to be solidified is defined by the application within the non - impact printing area 787. Thereby, orientation, selection of areas, solidification of the selected areas, and then, anew, orientation of areas that have not been solidified until now, and new selection of areas that have not been solidified until now, and new corresponding solidification can be carried out successively.

[0077] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 preferably has the feature that the printing location 758 with the first forme is formed as a screen printing location 758. The printing location 758 with the first forme is in this case formed in particular by the cylinders 708; 752, one of the cylinders 708; 752 being the forme cylinder 752 and the other being the impression cylinder 708 which cooperates with the forme cylinder 752. Preferably, the forme cylinder 752 is formed as a screen printing forme cylinder 752. Instead of being formed as a screen printing location 758, the printing location 758 with the first forme may be formed as a flexographic printing location, or as a letterpress printing location, or as a gravure printing location, or as a lithographic printing location. Screen printing offers the advantage of a relatively high coatable layer thickness. Within the area of the printing location 758 with the forme, the transport path is preferably defined by the impression cylinder 708.

[0078] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 preferably has the feature that the rotating transport bodies 711; 712; 713, which are arranged directly downstream of the impression cylinder 708 of the printing location 758 with the first forme along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02, are formed as a transfer drum 711, and / or as a broad drum 712, and / or as a suction drum 713, or generally as a low smear or smear-free rotating transport body 711; 712; 713, and / or as a rotating transport body 711; 712; 713 which operates non-contactingly except for gripper contact.

[0079] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that at least one first printing head 791 is formed as an inkjet printing head 791. At least one inkjet printing head 791 preferably has at least one piezoelectric element or at least one thermocouple, in particular for ejecting drops of additives. At least one printing head 791 preferably has a printing resolution of at least 100 dpi, more preferably at least 200 dpi, even more preferably at least 300 dpi, even more preferably at least 600 dpi, even more preferably at least 1200 dpi, even more preferably at least 2400 dpi. Here, "dpi" usually represents "dots per inch". In an alternative or additional development form, at least one printing head 791 of at least one non-impact printing location 787 is arranged, for example, such that the non-impact printing location 787 is located radially outside at least one printing head 791 itself with respect to the rotating carriers 711; 712; 713 that cooperate with the non-impact printing location 787. Thus, for example, when the non-impact printing location 787 is assigned to the rotating carriers 711; 712; 713 directly preceding the orienting cylinder 709, the inner surface of the sheet 02 can be printed.

[0080] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that each orienting cylinder 709 has a plurality of elements, in particular elements that cause respective magnetic fields, within the region of the outer circumference of the orienting cylinder 709. These elements are also referred to as, for example, magnet elements and are particularly used to orient at least a part of the magnetic or magnetizable particles of the coating agent applied on each passing substrate 02.

[0081] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that the curing device 771 has at least one radiation source 792 for UV radiation and / or at least one electron beam source 792. Preferably, the wavelength or wavelength range or energy range of the energy emitted by the radiation source 792 for UV radiation and / or the electron beam source 792 is adjusted according to the additives arranged in the supply reservoir 789.

[0082] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that the printing unit 700 is downstream of at least one first orienting cylinder 709 along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02, and preferably downstream of the curing area 788 of the first non-impact printing location 787 and / or the first curing device 772, and includes at least one second orienting cylinder 709.

[0083] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that the printing unit 700 includes at least one second non-impact printing location 787 downstream of the first orienting cylinder 709 along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02, and at least one second printing head 791 is assigned to the second non-impact printing location 787. In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that the printing unit 700 includes at least one second curing device 772 downstream of the second non-impact printing location 787 along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02, accompanied by a second curing area 788 assigned to the second curing device 772.

[0084] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 preferably has, within the area of the second non-impact printing location 787, a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 which is defined by the second orienting cylinder 709 or a rotating transport body 711; 712; 713 directly upstream of the second orienting cylinder 709, for example a transfer drum 711 and / or a broad drum 712 and / or a suction drum 713 and / or a rotating transport body 711; 712; 713 which operates non-contactingly except for gripper contact.

[0085] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 preferably has, within the second curing area 788 of at least one second curing device 772, a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 which is defined by the second orienting cylinder 709 or a rotating transport body 711; 712; 713 directly downstream of the second orienting cylinder 709, for example a transfer drum 711 and / or a broad drum 712 and / or a suction drum 713 and / or a rotating transport body 711; 712; 713 which operates non-contactingly except for gripper contact.

[0086] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 preferably has any printing location 752 with a plate of the printing unit 700 arranged upstream of the first non-impact printing location 787 and / or downstream of the second non-impact printing location 787. In other words, this preferably means that there is no printing location 752 with a plate arranged between the first non-impact printing location 787 and the second non-impact printing location 787.

[0087] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 preferably has a supply reservoir 789 which is connected in terms of pipeline technology to at least one second printing head 791, in which an additive, in particular a colorless additive, is arranged. The at least one second printing head 791 is preferably designed as an inkjet printing head 791. The additive is formed, for example, as an additive which changes the curing properties of the material to be applied, which material preferably forms a mixture of a coating agent, in particular printing ink, and this additive. Such a change in the curing properties is, in particular, the occurrence and / or the acceleration of a radiation-inducible reactive or curing reaction. Suitable radiation is formed, for example, as UV radiation and / or electron radiation. Preferably, the additive is a crosslinking agent.

[0088] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700, in particular designed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably has an orienting cylinder 709 arranged in the incorporation regions 726; 727; 728; 729 of the first base module 704, the orienting cylinder 709 having a plurality of elements which cause a magnetic field in the region of the outer circumference of the orienting cylinder 709 and / or an orienting cylinder 709 arranged in the incorporation regions 726; 727; 728; 729 of the second base module 704, the orienting cylinder 709 having a plurality of elements which cause a magnetic field in the region of the outer circumference of the orienting cylinder 709. In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700, in particular designed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably has a broad drum 712 arranged in the incorporation regions 726; 727; 728; 729 of the first base module 704 and / or a broad drum 712 arranged in the incorporation regions 726; 727; 728; 729 of the second base module 704.

[0089] As described, the printing unit 700 preferably comprises at least one plate cylinder 752 and at least one impression cylinder 708 cooperating with the plate cylinder 752. The printing unit 700 preferably comprises at least one frame 701, the frame 701 having at least two frame sidewalls 702; 703, the frame sidewalls 702; 703 being arranged to face each other in the lateral direction A. Preferably, the printing unit 700 comprises at least one first base module 704 and at least one second base module 704, each base module 704 having two respective integral and stationary base sidewalls 706; 707, each of the base sidewalls 706; 707 being a component of the respective frame sidewalls 702; 703. Each base module 704 preferably has four respective incorporation areas 726; 727; 728; 729 for the rotary carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713, and more preferably, respective cavities 781; 782; 783; 784 provided within the supportive walls W1; W2 of the base sidewalls 706; 707 are assigned to the incorporation areas 726; 727; 728; 729. The relative positions of the four incorporation areas 726; 727; 728; 729 of the first base module 704 preferably coincide with the relative positions of the four incorporation areas 726; 727; 728; 729 of the second base module 704. Preferably, along the transport path provided for the transport of the base material 02, in particular the sheet 02, the first respective incorporation area 726 and the second respective incorporation area 727 of each base module 704 form respective selection groups of each base module 704. Preferably, within exactly one of the incorporation areas 726; 727 of the selection group of the first base module 704, an impression cylinder 708 is arranged which cooperates with the plate cylinder 752, preferably formed as a screen printing plate cylinder 752, and / or forms a first printing location 758 with a plate.Preferably, each of at least four built-in regions 726; 727; 728; 729 of both base modules 704 has a respective rotary carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 disposed therein.

[0090] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably has at least one printing head 791 of at least one first non-impact printing location 787 directed and arranged towards a rotary carrier 709; 711; 712; 713 disposed within the built-in regions 726; 727; 728; 729 of the first base module 704. In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably has at least one printing head 791 of at least one other non-impact printing location 787 directed and arranged towards a rotary carrier 709; 711; 712; 713 disposed within the built-in regions 726; 727; 728; 729 of the second base module 704.

[0091] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 preferably has a rotary carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 disposed within at least one built-in region 726; 727; 728; 729 of the first base module 704 that is functionally separate from the built-in regions 726; 727; 728; 729 within the second base module 704 corresponding to its built-in position.

[0092] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 preferably has an impression cylinder 708 arranged in one of the incorporation areas 726; 727 of the selection group of the first base module 704, such that the impression cylinder 708 and the screen printing plate cylinder 752 together form a screen printing location 758, and / or an impression cylinder 708 arranged in one of the incorporation areas 726; 727 of the selection group of the second base module 704, such that the impression cylinder 708 and the screen printing plate cylinder 752 together form a screen printing location 758.

[0093] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 preferably has an impression cylinder 708 arranged in a first incorporation area 726 along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 in the first base module 704, and a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 formed as a transfer drum 711, and / or as a broad drum 712, and / or as a suction drum 713, and operating non - contactingly except for gripper contact, arranged in a second incorporation area 727 along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 in the first base module 704, and a rotary transport body 709 formed as a first orienting cylinder 709 arranged in a third incorporation area 728 along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 in the first base module 704, and a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 formed as a transfer drum 711, and / or as a broad drum 712, and / or as a suction drum 713, and operating non - contactingly except for gripper contact, arranged in a fourth incorporation area 729 along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 in the first base module 704.

[0094] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 preferably has at least one printing head 791 of the first non-impact printing location 787 directed and arranged towards its rotary carriers 709; 711; 712; 713 within the second incorporation region 727 of the first base module 704, or towards its rotary carriers 709; 711; 712; 713 within the third incorporation region 728 of the first base module 704. In other words, this means that within the region of the first non-impact printing location 787, the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 is defined by the first guiding cylinder 709, or by the rotary carriers 711; 712; 713 directly downstream of the first guiding cylinder 709.

[0095] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 preferably has the first curing region 788 of the first curing device 772 directed and arranged towards its rotary carriers 709; 711; 712; 713 within the third incorporation region 728 of the first base module 704, or towards its rotary carriers 709; 711; 712; 713 within the fourth incorporation region 729 of the first base module 704. In other words, this means that within the first curing region 788 of at least one first curing device 772, the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 is defined by the first guiding cylinder 709, or by the rotary carriers 711; 712; 713 directly upstream of the first guiding cylinder 709.

[0096] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 preferably has, within a first incorporation region 726 along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 of a first base module 704, a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 formed as a transfer drum 711 and / or as a broad drum 712 and / or as a suction drum 713 and operating non - contactingly except for gripper contact, and an impression cylinder 708 is arranged within a second incorporation region 727 along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 of a second base module 704, and within a third incorporation region 728 along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 of the second base module 704, a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 formed as a transfer drum 711 and / or as a broad drum 712 and / or as a suction drum 713 and operating non - contactingly except for gripper contact is arranged, and within a fourth incorporation region 729 along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 of the second base module 704, a rotary transport body 709 formed as another orientation cylinder 709 is arranged, which is characterized by this.

[0097] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 preferably has at least one printing head 791 of another non - impact printing location 787 directed and arranged towards its rotary transport bodies 709; 711; 712; 713 within the third incorporation region 728 of the second base module 704 or towards its rotary transport bodies 709; 711; 712; 713 within the fourth incorporation region 729 of the second base module 704. In other words, this means that within the region of another non - impact printing location 787, the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 is defined by another orientation cylinder 709 or by the rotary transport bodies 711; 712; 713 directly preceding this another orientation cylinder 709.

[0098] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 preferably has another curing area 788 of another curing device 772 directed towards its rotary conveyors 709; 711; 712; 713 within the fourth built-in area 729 of the second base module 704, or towards the rotary conveyors 709; 711; 712; 713 following these rotary conveyors 709; 711; 712; 713 outside the second base module 704. In other words, this means that within the another curing area 788 of at least one another curing device 772, the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02 is defined by another deflecting cylinder 709, or by the rotary conveyors 711; 712; 713 directly following this another deflecting cylinder 709.

[0099] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 preferably has a rotating conveyor 709 formed as a further orientation cylinder 709 arranged within a first incorporation region 726 along a conveyor path provided for conveying the substrate 02 of a second base module 704. In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 preferably has at least one print head 791 of a further non-impact printing location 787 oriented and arranged towards the orientation cylinder 709 within the first incorporation region 726 of the second base module 704, or towards a rotating conveyor 711; 712; 713 preceding this orientation cylinder 709. In other words, this means that within the region of the further non-impact printing location 787, the conveyor path provided for conveying the substrate 02 is defined by the first orientation cylinder 709, or by a rotating conveyor 711; 712; 713 directly preceding the first orientation cylinder 709. In an alternative or additional development form, the printing unit 700 preferably has a further curing region 788 of a further curing device 772 oriented and arranged towards the orientation cylinder 709 within the first incorporation region 726 of the second base module 704, or towards its rotating conveyor 711; 712; 713 within a second incorporation region 727 of the second base module 704. In other words, this means that within the further curing region 788 of at least one further curing device 772, the conveyor path provided for conveying the substrate 02 is defined by the orientation cylinder 709 within the first incorporation region 726 of the second base module 704, or by a rotating conveyor 711; 712; 713 directly following this orientation cylinder 709.

[0100] Generally, the printing unit 700 can be provided with a combination consisting of a printing area 758 with a plate and a non-impact printing area 787 in various forms. In this case, preferably, at least one printing area 758 with a plate is arranged at a front location with respect to a conveyance path provided for the conveyance of the base material 02, followed by one or more non-impact printing areas 787. One or more other printing areas 758 with a plate may be arranged between the subsequent non-impact printing areas 787, and this or these other printing areas 758 with a plate can preferably be activated or deactivated as required. For example, the printing unit 700 includes at least one arrangement having a printing area 758 with a plate formed particularly as a screen printing area 758 and a plurality of subsequent aggregates, and each aggregate has at least one non-impact printing area 787, one orienting device 771, and one curing device 772. Each orienting device 771 preferably has at least one orienting cylinder 709, and more preferably also has at least one pre-orienting device 767 and / or at least one parallel magnet device 774. For example, the printing unit 700 includes a plurality of such arrangements.

[0101] In an alternative or additional development, different additives are assigned to the respective different non-impact printing areas 787. These different additives are distinguished, for example, with respect to how the additives can be activated. For example, one of the additives can be activated by UV radiation within a first wavelength range, and / or one other additive can be activated by UV radiation within a second wavelength range different from the first wavelength range, and / or one other additive can be activated by electron radiation.

[0102] One embodiment of the printing unit 700 includes a printing location 758 with one plate, a non-impact printing location 787, a positioning device 771 having a positioning cylinder 709, a pre-positioning device 767, and a parallel magnet device 774, and a curing device 772. For example, this printing unit 700 includes a base module 704 (this is also shown illustratively in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2. According to FIG. 1, printing on the first surface of the sheet 02 is possible, and according to FIG. 2, printing on the other surface of the sheet 02 is possible). Any number of such base modules 704 can be combined.

[0103] One embodiment of the printing unit 700 includes a printing location 758 with three plates. Two of the three printing locations 758 are assigned to one surface of the object to be printed 02, and the remaining one is assigned to the other surface of the object to be printed 02. To form the printing machine 01, additionally, four non-impact printing locations 787, four positioning devices 771 and four curing devices 772, a sheet feeder 100, a sheet delivery 900, and two inspection units 400 are arranged. The positioning device preferably has a positioning cylinder 709, a pre-positioning device 767, and a parallel magnet device 774. Three base modules 704 and one additional module 786 are arranged and correspondingly equipped (this is also shown illustratively in FIG. 5).

[0104] One embodiment of the printing unit 700 includes a base module 704 and an additional module 786. The base module 704 carries a printing location 758 with one plate and a non-impact printing location 787 having a positioning device 771 and a curing device 772. The additional module 786 carries a non-impact printing location 787 having a positioning device 771 and a curing device 772. For example, the additional module 786 has its own structure (this is also shown illustratively in FIG. 6).

[0105] One embodiment of the printing unit 700 includes one base module 704 and a plurality of additional modules 786. The base module 704 carries a printing location 758 with one plate and a non-impact printing location 787 having an orienting device 771 and a curing device 772. Each of the additional modules 786 carries a non-impact printing location 787 having an orienting device 771 and a curing device 772 (this is also illustrated in FIG. 7, for example).

[0106] One embodiment of the printing unit 700 includes two base modules 704. Each of the two base modules 704 carries a printing location 758 with one plate and a non-impact printing location 787 having an orienting device 771 and a curing device 772. For example, the second printing location 758 with a plate can be deactivated so that the uncured coating agent is not affected by the plate cylinder 752, especially by the through-hole of the plate cylinder 752 (this is also illustrated in FIG. 8, for example).

[0107] One embodiment of the printing unit 700 includes two base modules 704. The first base module 704 of these base modules 704 carries a printing location 758 with one plate and a non-impact printing location 787 having an orienting device 771 and a curing device 772. The second base module 704 of these base modules 704 carries two non-impact printing locations 787 each having a respective orienting device 771 and a respective curing device 772 (this is also illustrated in FIG. 9, for example).

[0108] One embodiment of the printing unit 700 includes one base module 704 and one additional module 786. The base module 704 carries one printing station 758 with one plate and one non-impact printing station 787 having an orienting device 771 and a curing device 772. The additional module 786 carries one non-impact printing station 787 having an orienting device 771 and a curing device 772. Each orienting device 771 has one orienting cylinder 709, one pre-orienting device 767, and one parallel magnet device 774 (this is also shown in FIG. 10 by way of example).

[0109] One embodiment of the printing unit 700 includes one base module 704 and a plurality of additional modules 786. The base module 704 carries one printing station 758 with one plate and one non-impact printing station 787 having an orienting device 771 and a curing device 772. Each additional module 786 carries one non-impact printing station 787 having an orienting device 771 and a curing device 772. Each orienting device 771 has one orienting cylinder 709, one pre-orienting device 767, and one parallel magnet device 774 (this is also shown in FIG. 11 by way of example).

[0110] One embodiment of the printing unit 700 includes a plurality of base modules 704 and a plurality of additional modules 786. Each base module 704 carries one printing station 758 with one plate and one non-impact printing station 787 having an orienting device 771 and a curing device 772. Each additional module 786 carries one non-impact printing station 787 having an orienting device 771 and a curing device 772. Each orienting device 771 has one orienting cylinder 709, one pre-orienting device 767, and one parallel magnet device 774 (this is also shown in FIG. 12 by way of example).

[0111] One embodiment of the printing unit 700 includes a plurality of base modules 704 and a plurality of additional modules 786. One base module 704 carries a printing location 758 with one plate and a non-impact printing location 787 having an orienting device 771 and a curing device 772. Two base modules 704 each carry two non-impact printing locations 787 having an orienting device 771 and a curing device 772. Each additional module 786 carries one non-impact printing location 787 having an orienting device 771 and a curing device 772. Each orienting device 771 has one orienting cylinder 709, one pre-orienting device 767, and one parallel magnet device 774 (exemplarily shown in FIG. 13 as well).

[0112] The inspection unit 400 is preferably formed as an independent module 400. At least one inspection unit 400 preferably has at least one rotating carrier 407 for transporting the sheet 02, and at least one inspection device 402; 403 is oriented and arranged towards the rotating carrier 407. This rotating carrier 407 is formed, for example, as a suction drum 407. Preferably, the inspection unit 400 has a unique structure 401, and the structure 401 rotatably carries at least one rotating carrier 407. Preferably, the inspection unit 400 has an inlet interface 408 for receiving the sheet and an outlet interface 409 for discharging the sheet.

[0113] In an alternative or additional development, the inspection unit 400 is preferably characterized in that the inlet interface 408 and the outlet interface 409 are arranged at the same height. In an alternative or additional development, the inspection unit 400 is preferably characterized in that at least one inspection device 402; 403 is oriented and arranged towards the respective rotating carrier 407 from above, and / or at least one inspection device 402; 403 is oriented and arranged towards the respective rotating carrier 407 from below.

[0114] In an alternative or additional development form, the inspection unit 400 preferably has at least one sensor 404, which is formed, for example, as a line camera 404, and / or at least one lighting means 406, each of at least one inspection device 402; 403 being carried and had, in particular, by the structure 401 of the inspection unit 400.

[0115] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one sheet feeder 100, at least one printing unit 200; 500; 600; 700, at least one sheet delivery 900, and at least one inspection unit 400 as described above. In an alternative or additional development form, the printing machine 01 preferably has the structure 401 of each at least one inspection unit 400 different from the structure of the sheet feeder 100 and the structure 701 of at least one printing unit 200; 500; 600; 700 and the structure of at least one sheet delivery 900. Preferably, the structure 400 of the inspection unit 400 is coupled to one or more structures of adjacent devices such as the sheet feeder 100 and / or the printing unit 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or the sheet delivery 900.

[0116] In an alternative or additional development form, the printing machine 01 preferably comprises an inspection unit 400 having exactly one rotating conveyor 412; 413 for transporting the sheet 02, and / or the printing machine 01 comprises an inspection unit having exactly two rotating conveyors 412; 413 for transporting the sheet 02.

[0117] Each printing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one printing unit 700, particularly formed as a screen printing unit 700. Each printing unit 700, particularly formed as a screen printing unit 700, is indirectly or directly preceded by a substrate supply device 100, particularly formed as a sheet feeder 100, and indirectly or directly followed by a sheet delivery 900, particularly formed as a multiple pile delivery 900. Each printing machine 01 is modifiable in that the printing machine 01 may additionally comprise another sheet processing unit 200; 500; 600 between the sheet feeder 100 and the sheet delivery 900.

[0118] The sheet printing machine 01 preferably comprises a main drive unit which drives a gear train. Through these gear trains, preferably all the rotating conveyors 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of the printing unit 700, particularly formed as a screen printing unit 700, are drivable, and more preferably, in some cases, the rotating conveyors of another printing unit 200; 500; 600 and / or the sheet feeder 100 and / or the sheet delivery 900 which may be present are also drivable.

[0119] Preferably, the printing machine 01 comprises at least one printing unit 700 as described above, and further, the printing machine 01 additionally comprises at least one other printing unit 200; 500; 600, and this other printing unit 200; 500; 600 is formed as a simultaneous printing unit 200, in particular a sheet simultaneous printing unit 200, and / or as a numbering printing unit 500, in particular a sheet numbering printing unit 500, and / or as a flexographic printing unit 600. In an additional or alternative development, the printing machine 01 preferably additionally comprises at least one other printing unit 200; 500; 600, and this other printing unit 200; 500; 600 is more preferably formed as a simultaneous printing unit 200, in particular a sheet simultaneous printing unit 200, and / or as a numbering printing unit 500, in particular a sheet numbering printing unit 500, and / or as a flexographic printing unit 600.

[0120] In an additional or alternative development form, the printing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one sheet printing unit 200 formed for the simultaneous printing method. Such a sheet printing unit 200 is also referred to as a sheet simultaneous printing unit 200 or a sheet sanmel printing unit 200. The simultaneous printing method is characterized in that printing inks originating from different plate cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 are first preferably collected on one sanmel cylinder 201; 202 formed as a transfer cylinder 201; 202, and then simultaneously, i.e., simultaneously, transferred onto the respective sheet 02. This transfer is preferably carried out directly from the sanmel cylinder 202, which in this case is preferably also formed as a transfer cylinder 201; 202. Each transfer cylinder 201; 202 preferably cooperates with the respective impression cylinder 201; 202. Preferably, each transfer cylinder 201; 202 and the impression cylinder 201; 202 together form a printing location 218, and preferably the sheet 02 is transported through this printing location 218 and / or preferably printing ink, in particular the collected printing ink, is applied to the sheet 02 at this printing location 218. Preferably, the two cylinders 201; 202 each are formed as a transfer cylinder 201; 202 in itself and at the same time cooperate such that each of these two cylinders 201; 202 acts as an impression cylinder 201; 202 for the other cylinder 201; 202 each time. The sheet simultaneous printing unit 200 is in this case also referred to as, for example, a simultaneous double printing unit 200 and is particularly used for simultaneously printing two sides of each sheet 02. Preferably, only one of these sanmel cylinders 201; 202 is formed as a sheet transport cylinder 201; 202.

[0121] At least one sheet simultaneous printing unit 200 comprises at least two plate cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207. Preferably, each of the plate cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 is arranged to contact directly with, and / or to cooperate directly with, and / or to be able to cooperate with, the respective impression cylinders 201; 202. Preferably, the sheet simultaneous printing unit 200 comprises four plate cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207, and of the four plate cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207, more preferably two of the plate cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 are arranged to contact directly with, and / or to cooperate directly with, and / or to be able to cooperate with, the first common dampening cylinder 201; 202 in particular, and of the four plate cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207, more preferably two other plate cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 are arranged to contact directly with, and / or to cooperate directly with, and / or to be able to cooperate with, another, in particular the second common dampening cylinder 201; 202.

[0122] On each of the plate cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 of the sheet simultaneous printing unit 200, different printing plates, in particular printing plates, can be arranged, for example according to the printing image to be printed. For example, at least one lithographic printing plate can be arranged on each of the plate cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207. Alternatively or additionally, for example at least one letterset printing plate can be arranged on each of the plate cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207. The letterset printing plate has only an ink-transferring area of relatively low height compared to the remaining printing plates, and is similar to a relief printing plate with regard to its principle of operation. Preferably, at least one ink device 227 is arranged for each of the plate cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207.

[0123] In an alternative or additional development form, the sheet simultaneous printing unit 200 preferably comprises a first zimmer cylinder 201 and a second zimmer cylinder 202, the first zimmer cylinder 201 and the second zimmer cylinder 202 being arranged so as to be in direct contact with each other and / or to cooperate directly with each other, each having one axis of rotation 216; 217, the axis plane E1 being the plane E1 which contains the axis of rotation 216 of the first zimmer cylinder 201 and the axis of rotation 217 of the second zimmer cylinder 202, and the reference plane E2 being the plane E2 which contains at least one axis of rotation 216; 217 of such zimmer cylinders 201; 202 and has a horizontal surface normal. These two zimmer cylinders 201; 202 are preferably arranged such that the angle between, on the one hand, the axis plane E1 and, on the other hand, the reference plane E2 is at most 45°, more preferably at most 30°, even more preferably at most 15°, even more preferably at most 10°, even more preferably at most 5°, even more preferably at most 2°, even more preferably at most 1°, even more preferably at most 0.5°, and even more preferably exactly 0° during at least the processing step, in particular the printing step.

[0124] In an additional or alternative development, the printing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one sheet printing unit 500 formed for letterpress printing. Such a sheet printing unit 500 is also referred to as a letterpress printing unit 500. The letterpress printing method is used, for example, as a numbering printing method. The following description relates to the sheet numbering printing unit 500, but is correspondingly applicable to the general letterpress printing method. In an additional or alternative development, the printing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one sheet printing unit 500 formed for numbering printing. Such a sheet printing unit 500 is also referred to as a sheet numbering printing unit 500. The sheet numbering printing unit 500 preferably comprises at least one impression cylinder 501; 502, and the impression cylinders 501; 502 are preferably formed as respective sheet conveying cylinders 501; 502. For example, the sheet numbering printing unit 500 comprises two cylinders 501; 502 of the first type, and the cylinders 501; 502 are more preferably formed as respective impression cylinders 501; 502 and / or as respective sheet conveying cylinders 501; 502, and / or are arranged so as to be in direct contact with each other, and / or are arranged so as to directly cooperate with each other, and / or are arranged so as to be able to directly cooperate with each other.

[0125] Preferably, the numbering of the sheet 02 and / or the assignment surface formed as a security document, each time, is carried out by means of a letterpress printing method, in particular using at least one numbering plate cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507. The numbering plate cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507 preferably further have at least one numbering device. In this case, preferably, individual numbering devices are used, and among the individual numbering devices, more preferably, a plurality of numbering devices are arranged on one common numbering plate cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507. Preferably, each numbering plate cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 has a plurality of numbering devices, for example at least 2, or at least 4, or at least 8, or at least 12 numbering devices, which are arranged one after another in the circumferential direction of the numbering plate cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 on each respective numbering plate cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507, and / or each numbering plate cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 has a plurality of numbering devices which are arranged side by side in the transverse direction A on each respective numbering plate cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507. Each at least one numbering device has, for example, a counting device, which has a plurality of symbol rolls, and each symbol roll has, respectively, a prominent, in particular raised, area in the form of a symbol, for example a digit and / or a letter. Depending on the position of each symbol roll, a different symbol is outside, in particular outside with respect to the axis of rotation of each numbering plate cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507. Depending on the relative position of the individual symbol rolls, the symbols located outside of the counting device preferably result in an unambiguous serial number in its entirety. Preferably, at least one ink device 518 is arranged for each numbering plate cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507. The at least one ink device 518 preferably applies printing ink in contact with the symbols located outside each time of the numbering device of each respective numbering plate cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507.Each of the numbering cylinders 503, 504, 506, 507 is further rotated until it comes into contact with the respective sheet 02, transferring the printing ink to the sheet 02 in the form of symbols. Preferably, the combination of symbols is changed before this numbering device comes into contact with the ink device 518, so that when it then comes into contact with the respective sheet 02, another marking can be transferred.

[0126] Preferably, each of the numbering cylinders 503, 504, 506, 507 is arranged to be in direct contact with, and / or to cooperate directly with, and / or to be able to cooperate directly with the respective impression cylinders 501, 502. Preferably, the impression cylinders 501, 502 of the sheet numbering printing unit 500 are also formed as sheet conveying cylinders 501, 502, regardless of their number.

[0127] The description of the previous and / or subsequent sheet numbering printing unit 500 correspondingly applies generally also to the letterpress printing unit 500, provided there is no contradiction, especially in the case where the letterpress printing plates cylinders 503, 504, 506, 507 carry, preferably, each a fixed printing plate and thus have no numbering device, which represents a variation from the case of the numbering cylinders 503, 504, 506, 507.

[0128] In an additional or alternative development, the printing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one sheet processing unit 600 and / or sheet printing unit 600 formed for the flexographic printing method. Such a sheet printing unit 600 is also referred to as a flexographic printing unit 600. The flexographic printing method is used, for example, as a coating method, in particular as an inking method. The flexographic printing unit 600 preferably comprises at least one impression cylinder 601; 602, and the impression cylinders 601; 602 are more preferably each formed as a respective sheet transport cylinder 601; 602. More preferably, the flexographic printing unit 600 comprises two impression cylinders 601; 602, the impression cylinders 601; 602 are more preferably each formed as a respective sheet transport cylinder 601; 602, and / or are arranged so as to be in direct contact with each other, and / or are arranged so as to cooperate directly with each other, and / or are arranged so as to be able to cooperate directly with each other. Preferably, the impression cylinders 601; 602 of the flexographic printing unit 600 are also formed as sheet transport cylinders 601; 602, particularly regardless of their number.

[0129] Preferably, the flexographic printing unit 600 comprises at least one flexographic plate cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607. Preferably, at least one ink device 618 is arranged for each of the flexographic plate cylinders 603; 604; 606; 607. The flexographic plate cylinders 603; 604; 606; 607 should be understood in particular as plate cylinders 603; 604; 606; 607 provided for the flexographic printing method and / or in particular as plate cylinders 603; 604; 606; 607 which are formed to carry at least one, preferably replaceable, flexographic printing plate, in particular on their jacket surface. Preferably, each of the flexographic plate cylinders 603; 604; 606; 607 is arranged so as to be in direct contact with and / or to cooperate directly with and / or to be able to cooperate directly with the respective impression cylinders 601; 602.

Explanation of Signs

[0130] 01 Printing machine, sheet printing machine, security printing machine, rotary printing machine, sheet-fed rotary printing machine 02 Base material, sheet 100 Base material supply device, sheet supply device, sheet feeder 101 Belt-type table, conveying section 102 - 103 - 104 Rotating conveyor, receiving drum 200 Processing unit, sheet processing unit, sheet printing unit, sheet simultaneous printing unit, simultaneous double printing unit, sheet zamel printing unit 201 Cylinder, main cylinder, zamel cylinder, transfer cylinder, impression cylinder, sheet conveying cylinder 202 Cylinder, main cylinder, zamel cylinder, transfer cylinder, impression cylinder, sheet conveying cylinder 203 Cylinder, plate cylinder, lithographic printing plate cylinder, letterset plate cylinder 204 Cylinder, plate cylinder, lithographic printing plate cylinder, letterset plate cylinder 205 - 206 Cylinder, plate cylinder, lithographic printing plate cylinder, letterpress plate cylinder 207 Cylinder, plate cylinder, lithographic printing plate cylinder, letterpress plate cylinder 216 Axis of rotation, axis position 217 Axis of rotation, axis position 218 Printing location 227 Ink device 400 Inspection unit 401 Structure 402 Inspection device 403 Inspection device 404 Sensor, line camera 405 - 406 Lighting means 407 Rotating carrier 408 Inlet interface 409 Outlet interface 500 Processing unit, sheet processing unit, sheet printing unit, sheet numbering printing unit, relief printing unit 501 Cylinder, main cylinder, impression cylinder, sheet conveying cylinder 502 Cylinder, main cylinder, impression cylinder, sheet conveying cylinder 503 Cylinder, plate cylinder, offset printing plate cylinder, numbering plate cylinder, relief printing plate cylinder 504 Cylinder, plate cylinder, offset printing plate cylinder, numbering plate cylinder, relief printing plate cylinder 505 - 506 Cylinder, plate cylinder, offset printing plate cylinder, numbering plate cylinder, relief printing plate cylinder 507 Cylinder, plate cylinder, offset printing plate cylinder, numbering plate cylinder, relief printing plate cylinder 518 Ink device 519 - 520 - 521 Axis of rotation, axis position 522 Axis of rotation, axis position 600 Processing unit, sheet processing unit, sheet printing unit, flexographic printing unit, letterpress printing unit 601 Cylinder, main cylinder, impression cylinder, sheet conveying cylinder 602 Cylinder, main cylinder, impression cylinder, sheet conveying cylinder 603 Cylinder, plate cylinder, flexographic plate cylinder 604 Cylinder, plate cylinder, flexographic plate cylinder 605 - 606 Cylinder, plate cylinder, flexographic plate cylinder 607 Cylinder, plate cylinder, flexographic plate cylinder 618 Ink device 619 - 620 - 621 Axis of rotation, axis position 622 Axis of rotation, axis position 700 Printing unit, processing unit, sheet processing unit, sheet printing unit, screen printing unit 701 Structure 702 Structure side wall 703 Structure side wall 704 Base module 705 - 706 Base side wall 707 Base side wall 708 Rotating carrier, rotating body, group, impression cylinder 709 Rotating carrier, group, orienting cylinder 710 - 711 Rotating carrier, group, transfer drum 712 Rotating carrier, group, broad drum 713 Rotating carrier, group, suction drum 714 - 715 - 716 Axis of rotation 717 Axis of rotation 718 Axis of rotation 719 Axis of rotation 720 - 721 - 722 - 723 Crossbar 724 - 725 - 726 First embedding area 727 Second embedding area 728 Third embedding area 729 Fourth embedding area 751 Printing plate, screen printing plate, cylindrical screen 752 Plate cylinder, screen printing plate cylinder, rotating body 753 Axis of rotation 754 Screen printing device 755 - 756 - 757 Doctor device 758 Screen printing location with plate, printing location with plate 767 Pre - orientation device, pre - orientation magnet 768 Inspection device, reflection inspection device 769 Adjustment drive unit, linear motor, pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder 770 - 771 Orientation device 772 Drying device, hardening device, radiation dryer, UV dryer, LED dryer, UV - LED dryer, electron beam dryer 773 - 774 Outer magnet device, outer parallel magnet device 781 First void 782 Second void 783 Third void 784 Fourth void 785 - 786 Additional module 787 Non - impact printing location 788 Hardening area 789 Supply storage section 790 - 791 First printing head, first inkjet printing head 792 Radiation source, electron beam source 900 Assembly, Delivery Device, Sheet Delivery, Multiple Pile Delivery, Double Pile Delivery, Triple Pile Delivery, Quadruple Pile Delivery 901 Discharge Station, Pile Delivery 902 Discharge Station, Pile Delivery 903 Discharge Station, Pile Delivery 904 Sheet Conveying System, Chain Conveying System, Chain Gripper System 905 - 906 Drying Device, Hardening Device, Radiation Dryer, UV Dryer, Electron Beam Dryer A Lateral Direction N Normal Vector T Conveying Direction V Vertical Direction E Passing Plane W726 Conveying Angle W727 Conveying Angle W728 Conveying Angle W729 Conveying Angle

Claims

1. A printing unit (700), wherein the printing unit (700) comprises at least one plate cylinder (752) and at least one impression cylinder (708) cooperating with the plate cylinder (752); the printing unit (700) comprises at least one frame (701), the frame (701) has at least two frame side walls (702; 703), and the frame side walls (702; 703) are arranged to face each other in the lateral direction (A); the printing unit (700) comprises at least one first base module (704) and at least one second base module (704); each base module (704) has two integral and stationary base side walls (706; 707) respectively, and each of the base side walls (706; 707) is a component of the respective frame side wall (702; 703); each of the base modules (704) has four built-in areas (726; 727; 728; 729) for the rotary carriers (708; 709; 711; 712; 713; 714); the rotary carriers (708; 709; 711; 712; 713) are rotatably arranged about their respective rotation axes (716; 717; 718; 719) and should be understood as a group (708; 709; 711; 712; 713) used for transporting the sheet (02); the relative positions of the four built-in areas (726; 727; 728; 729) of the first base module (704) coincide with the relative positions of the four built-in areas (726; 727; 728; 729) of the second base module (704); for each of the base modules (704), each of the first built-in areas (726) along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate (02) and each of the second built-in areas (727) along the transport path form a respective selection group of each of the base modules (704); in exactly one of the built-in areas (726; 727) of the selection group of the first base module (704), an impression cylinder (708) forming a printing location (758) with a first plate is arranged together with the plate cylinder (752); In each of at least four of the built-in regions (726; 727; 728; 729) of the two base modules (704), respective rotary conveyors (708; 709; 711; 712; 713; 714) are arranged. At least one print head (791) of the non-impact printing location (787) is arranged to be directed towards a rotary conveyor (709; 711; 712; 713) arranged within the built-in region (726; 727; 728; 729) of the first base module (704). At least one print head (791) of another non-impact printing location (787) is arranged to be directed towards a rotary conveyor (709; 711; 712; 713) arranged within the built-in region (726; 727; 728; 729) of the second base module (704). Printing unit (700).

2. Within at least one built-in region (726; 727; 728; 729) of the first base module (704), a rotary conveyor (708; 709; 711; 712; 713) that is functionally different from that within the corresponding built-in region (726; 727; 728; 729) with respect to its built-in position of the second base module (704) is arranged. Each of the rotary conveyors (708; 709; 711; 712; 713) is formed as an impression cylinder (708) or a direction cylinder (709) or a transfer drum (711) or a broad drum (712) or a suction drum (713). The printing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that.

3. The impression cylinder (708) arranged within one of the built-in regions (726; 727) of the built-in region group of the first base module (704) is arranged to form a screen printing location (758) together with a screen printing plate cylinder (752). The printing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that.

4. An impression cylinder (708) is arranged within the first built-in region (726) along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate (02) of the first base module (704). In the second incorporation area (727) along the transport path provided for transporting the base material (02) of the first base module (704), a rotary transport body (711; 712; 713) is formed as a transfer drum (711), or as a broad drum (712), or as a suction drum (713), or operates non - contact except for gripper contact, and is arranged. In the third incorporation area (728) along the transport path provided for transporting the base material (02) of the first base module (704), a rotary transport body (709) formed as a first orientation cylinder (709) is arranged. The rotary transport body (709) has a plurality of elements that cause a magnetic field in the region of the outer periphery of the rotary transport body (709). In the fourth incorporation area (729) along the transport path provided for transporting the base material (02) of the first base module (704), a rotary transport body (711; 712; 713) is formed as a transfer drum (711), or as a broad drum (712), or as a suction drum (713), or operates non - contact except for gripper contact, and is arranged. At least one of the printing heads (791) of the non - impact printing location (787) is arranged to be directed towards its rotary transport body (709; 711; 712; 713) in the second incorporation area (727) of the first base module (704), or towards its rotary transport body (709; 711; 712; 713) in the third incorporation area (728) of the first base module (704). Characterized in that the first curing area (788) of the first curing device (772) is arranged to be directed towards its rotary transport body (709; 711; 712; 713) in the third incorporation area (728) of the first base module (704), or towards its rotary transport body (709; 711; 712; 713) in the fourth incorporation area (729) of the first base module (704). The printing unit according to claim 1.

5. In the second incorporation area (727) along the transport path provided for transporting the base material (02) of the second base module (704), an impression cylinder (708) is arranged. In the third incorporation area (728) along the transport path provided for transporting the base material (02) of the second base module (704), a rotary transport body (711; 712; 713) is formed as a transfer drum (711), or a broad drum (712), or a suction drum (713), or operates non - contactingly except for gripper contact, and is arranged. In the fourth incorporation area (729) along the transport path provided for transporting the base material (02) of the second base module (704), a rotary transport body (709) formed as another orientation cylinder (709) is arranged. At least one of the printing heads (791) of the another non - impact printing location (787) is oriented and arranged towards its rotary transport body (709; 711; 712; 713) in the third incorporation area (728) of the second base module (704), or towards its rotary transport body (709; 711; 712; 713) in the fourth incorporation area (729) of the second base module (704). Another curing area (788) of another curing device (772) is oriented and arranged towards its rotary transport body (709; 711; 712; 713) in the fourth incorporation area (729) of the second base module (704), or towards a rotary transport body (709; 711; 712; 713) following this rotary transport body (709; 711; 712; 713) outside the second base module (704), which is characterized in that. The printing unit according to claim 4.

6. The printing unit according to claim 4, characterized in that a rotary transport body (709) formed as another orientation cylinder (709) is arranged in the first incorporation area (726) along the transport path provided for transporting the base material (02) of the second base module (704).

7. At least one of the printing heads (791) of the another non - impact printing location (787) is oriented and arranged towards the orientation cylinder (709) in the first incorporation area (726) of the second base module (704), or towards the rotary transport body (711; 712; 713) preceding this orientation cylinder (709), and / or Another curing area (788) of another curing device (772) is directed and arranged towards the orienting cylinder (709) within the first incorporation area (726) of the second base module (704), or towards its rotating carrier (711; 712; 713) within the second incorporation area (727) of the second base module (704), characterized in that The printing unit according to claim 6.

8. An additive for changing the curing characteristics of the applied material is arranged within a supply storage unit (789) that is connected to at least one of the printing heads (791) in terms of pipeline technology, characterized in that the printing unit according to claim 1.

9. The printed area (758) with the first plate is formed as a screen printing area (758), characterized in that the printing unit according to claim 1.

10. Each of the orienting cylinders (709) has a plurality of elements that cause a magnetic field within the area of the outer circumference of the orienting cylinder (709), characterized in that the printing unit according to claim 1.

11. The curing device (772) has at least one radiation source (792) for UV radiation and / or at least one electron beam source (792), characterized in that the printing unit according to claim 4.

12. The printing unit (700) is formed as a sheet printing unit (700), characterized in that the printing unit according to claim 1.

13. A printing machine (01), Comprising at least one printing unit (700) according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12. In a printing machine (01), The printing machine (01) additionally comprises at least one further printing unit (200; 500; 600), said further printing unit (200; 500; 600) being formed as a simultaneous printing unit (200) and / or the printing machine (01) additionally comprises at least one further printing unit (200; 500; 600), said further printing unit (200; 500; 600) being formed as a numbering printing unit (500) and / or the printing machine (01) additionally comprises at least one further printing unit (200; 500; 600), said further printing unit (200; 500; 600) being formed as a flexographic printing unit (600), characterized in that printing machine (01).

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