Incinerator and Incineration Method

Abstract

To provide a combustion furnace which prevents generation of dioxin by completely burning a combustion object by making a burning temperature rise, on the other hand, is capable of suppressing de novo synthesis of dioxin by reducing an exhaust temperature from a chimney and further prevents a combustion object accommodation space from being filled with a gas generated from the accommodated combustion object.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to a combustion furnace 1 in which a cylindrical burning wall part 4 capable of holding a combustion object is provided in a central part of a combustion object accommodation space 2 enclosed by an outer wall 3 and the combustion object is burnt in the vicinity of the burning wall part. The combustion furnace comprises: a chimney communicating to an internal space of the burning wall part and extending upward; air supply means 7 capable of supplying air into the combustion object accommodation space; and an air flow passage 9 which communicates from an upper part of the combustion object accommodation space through the outside of the outer wall to a lower part of the internal space of the burning wall part and causes air to flow from an upper side of the combustion object accommodation space to the internal space of the burning wall part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an incinerator, and more particularly, to an incinerator capable of efficiently burning incinerated materials at a high temperature, reducing the exhaust temperature from a chimney, and further preventing combustion gas from leaking out of an incinerated material storage space.

Background Art

[0002] Small incinerators that have been conventionally used in farms, schools, etc. have a low combustion temperature and are likely to emit incomplete combustion gases. In addition, since it is difficult to take measures against dioxins, their use is often restricted. For this reason, there is a demand for the development of a small incinerator that can burn incinerated materials at a high temperature and reduce the emission of dust and the like.

[0003] For the purpose of solving the above problems, for example, a small incinerator as described in Utility Model Registration No. 2550572 has been proposed. This incinerator is provided with a bottom rotary kiln and a vertical rotary kiln, and a secondary combustion chamber is provided above the vertical rotary kiln so as to sufficiently burn incomplete combustion gases and prevent the generation of harmful gases and the like.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In order not to generate dioxins in an incinerator, combustion temperature, combustion time, stirring conditions, etc. are important factors. In the "Guidelines for Prevention of Generation of Dioxins Related to Waste Disposal" in January 1997, by considering a combustion temperature of 850°C or higher (900°C or higher is desirable), a residence time of 2 seconds or longer, and the supply method of the furnace shape and secondary combustion air, etc., effective stirring of combustion gas is performed, and it is required to achieve complete combustion.

[0005] However, in the conventional small incinerator as described in the above publication, even if the temperature inside the rotary kiln can be maintained at 850°C or higher, it is difficult to raise the temperature of the entire combustion chamber to 850°C or higher. That is, combustion at a low temperature occurs on the space side where the incinerated material is accommodated, and the incompletely combusted gas often fills the furnace and leaks out of the furnace from near the incineration material inlet.

[0006] In addition, gases to be burned in the vertical rotary kiln are burned by the secondary combustion air supplied from below the rotary kiln. However, since the secondary combustion air is directly introduced from the outside air intake provided below the rotary kiln and supplied as it is into the vertical rotary kiln or the bottom rotary kiln, the temperature near the above rotary kiln is significantly reduced. For this reason, it is presumed that there are also parts that do not reach the above temperature.

[0007] Furthermore, since the secondary combustion air is introduced into the furnace by the upward airflow generated by the combustion in the vertical rotary kiln and led to the vertical rotary kiln or the chimney, it is difficult to consider that the secondary combustion air and the gas related to incomplete combustion are sufficiently mixed.

[0008] On the other hand, when discharging high-temperature incineration exhaust gas into the atmosphere, it is said that the metal in the dust becomes a catalyst and de novo synthesis occurs in which dioxins are synthesized from organic substances in the air. This de novo synthesis is said to be most likely to occur around 300°C. Therefore, in a small incinerator, it is necessary to maintain a high combustion temperature near the rotary kiln and lower the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney below the above temperature.

[0009] In the incinerator described in the above publication, a re-combustion chamber is provided at the lower end of the chimney to promote combustion even in the chimney, so the exhaust temperature becomes higher accordingly. Therefore, the above de novo synthesis is also likely to occur. synthesis is also likely to occur.

[0010] In addition, the incineration waste storage space is often filled with incomplete combustion gases and malodorous gases. In a small incinerator, an incineration waste inlet is provided at the upper part or the side part, and during the incineration operation, the incineration waste is often introduced from the incineration waste storage space at a predetermined interval. At this time, there is a risk that incomplete combustion gases and malodorous gases may leak outside the furnace.

[0011] The present invention has been conceived under the above circumstances, solves the above conventional problems, completely burns incineration waste by increasing the combustion temperature in the furnace to prevent the generation of dioxins, and on the other hand, suppresses the de novo synthesis of dioxins by reducing the exhaust temperature from the chimney. Further, an object of the present invention is to provide an incinerator in which the gas generated from the stored incineration waste does not fill the incineration waste storage space.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0012] The present invention provides a cylindrical combustion wall portion that rises from the bottom, has holes formed therein that communicate with the inside and outside, and can hold incineration waste, at the center of an incineration waste storage space surrounded by an outer wall. An incinerator in which the incineration waste is burned in the vicinity of the combustion wall portion, comprising a chimney that communicates with the internal space of the combustion wall portion and extends upward, air supply means for supplying air into the incineration waste storage space, and the upper part of the incineration waste storage space. It is configured to include an air flow passage that communicates with the lower part of the internal space of the combustion wall portion via the outside of the outer wall and allows air to flow from above the incineration waste storage space into the internal space of the combustion wall portion. The air supply means is configured to include an air supply fan, and includes an upper air outlet for supplying the air to the upper part of the incinerated material storage space and a lower air outlet for supplying the air to the lower part of the incinerated material storage space. Further, an air inlet is provided along the outer surface of the chimney at the upper part of the incinerated material storage space and communicates with the air flow passage.

[0013] In the invention of the present application, a cylindrical combustion wall portion rising from the bottom is provided at the center of the incinerated material accommodation space surrounded by the outer wall, and an incinerated material accommodation space is provided between the outer surface of the combustion wall portion and the inner surface of the outer wall. The combustion wall portion is configured such that holes communicating with the inside and outside are formed and can hold incinerated materials. Then, the incinerated materials are burned in the vicinity of the combustion wall portion. Since air necessary for combustion is supplied into the combustion wall portion, the incinerated materials are burned in the vicinity of the combustion wall portion, and the combustion residues are discharged from the holes of the combustion wall portion to the bottom of the internal space of the combustion wall portion. For this reason, the combustion residues can be automatically removed from the incinerated material accommodation space and the vicinity of the combustion wall portion, and the incinerated materials can be burned efficiently. The form of the holes is not particularly limited. For example, round bars can be arranged in a cylindrical shape with a predetermined gap (hole), openings (holes) of a predetermined shape can be provided at predetermined intervals in a plate-shaped cylindrical body, or a part or all of the combustion wall portion can be formed in a mesh shape.

[0014] Further, in the invention of the present application, air supply means for supplying air into the incinerated material accommodation space is provided. Since the internal space of the combustion wall portion is connected to a chimney, in a steady combustion state, the inside of the combustion wall portion is under negative pressure with respect to the incinerated material accommodation space. By providing the air supply means for the incinerated material accommodation space, combustion air is supplied to the incinerated materials in the vicinity of the combustion wall portion not only from the internal space side of the combustion wall portion but also from the incinerated material accommodation space side. By supplying combustion air from the incinerated material accommodation space side, the combustion of the incinerated materials in the vicinity of the combustion wall portion can be promoted, and the incinerated materials can be burned efficiently. In particular, at the start, the internal space of the combustion wall portion is heated by a burner or the like, but by supplying air from the incinerated material accommodation space side to the vicinity of the combustion wall portion, the combustion of the incinerated materials in the vicinity of the combustion wall portion is promoted, and the time until steady operation can also be shortened.

[0015] The above air supply means can be configured to include an air inlet for introducing outside air, an air supply fan, and an outlet for sending air into the incinerated waste storage space. Further, as the above outlet, it is desirable to include an upper outlet for supplying air to the upper part of the incinerated waste storage space and a lower outlet for supplying air to the lower part of the incinerated waste storage space. When the density of the incinerated waste accommodated in the incinerated waste storage space increases, the flow resistance of the air in the incinerated waste becomes large, and there is a risk that sufficient air may not flow to the vicinity of the combustion wall portion. By providing the lower outlet, air can be sent into the lower interior of the incinerated waste, so that sufficient air can be supplied to the vicinity of the combustion wall portion. The configurations of the upper outlet and the lower outlet are not particularly limited. For example, the upper outlet can be provided at the upper end of the incinerated waste storage space, while a pipe communicating with the upper outlet can be extended along the inner side of the outer wall to the vicinity of the bottom of the incinerated waste storage space to form the lower outlet.

[0016] Also, in the present invention, an air flow passage can be provided that communicates from the upper part of the incinerated waste storage space to the lower part of the internal space of the combustion wall portion via the outside of the outer wall and allows air to flow from above the incinerated waste storage space into the internal space of the combustion wall portion. The air inlet provided at

[0017] By the above air flow passage, the air in the incinerated waste storage space is led to the inside of the combustion wall portion. That is, air is sucked out from above the incinerated waste storage space, and this air is used as combustion air. As a result, the upper part of the incinerated waste storage space is not filled with incomplete combustion gas or malodor, and there is no leakage to the outside. Further, when steady combustion is occurring in the combustion wall portion, since the combustion gas in the internal space of the combustion wall portion is caused to flow toward the chimney, the internal space of the combustion wall portion and the air flow passage become negative pressure, and the air in the incinerated waste storage space is automatically sucked by the negative pressure and led to the combustion wall portion.

[0018] ​Note that at startup, since the combustion in the vicinity of the combustion wall portion is not sufficient, smoke is likely to be generated, and the smoke may fill the incinerated material storage space, and the smoke may leak out from gaps in the outer wall or gaps in the air flow passage leading to the combustion wall portion. To avoid the above inconveniences, the amount of air supplied from the air supply means can be restricted, or a flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of air can be provided at a predetermined location in the air flow passage. Further, a flow path switching valve can be provided that can send air from the air supply means to the inside of the combustion wall portion through the air flow passage without passing through the incinerated material storage space. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the smoke filled in the incinerated material storage space from leaking out and to promote combustion. To increase the combustion efficiency of the combustion wall portion, an electric fan or the like can also be provided in the air flow passage. On the other hand, in the steady state, even if the air supply fan that sends air into the incinerated material storage space is stopped, since the internal space of the combustion wall portion becomes negative pressure, air is sucked from the incinerated material storage space into the air flow passage, and outside air can be introduced into the incinerated material storage space. Therefore, in the steady combustion state, it is also possible to burn the incinerated material without using a device such as an electric fan.

[0019] Moreover, in the steady combustion state, since air is continuously sucked out from the upper part of the incinerated material storage space, even when the charging port is opened to add incinerated material, it is possible to prevent incomplete combustion gas and bad odor from leaking out from the charging port. By providing a fan in the air flow passage, it is also possible to configure to send a larger amount of air into the internal space of the combustion wall portion and shorten the time until steady incineration. Further, air flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the amount of air sent to the combustion wall portion can also be provided in the air flow passage according to the type and amount of the incinerated material. For example, adjusting means capable of adjusting the opening degree of the suction port can be provided.

[0020] Also, by providing the air flow passage along the outer wall, the temperature of the air flowing through the air flow passage is increased. Therefore, the temperature of the combustion air supplied to the internal space of the combustion wall portion is increased, and the combustion efficiency can be increased.

[0021] An insulating wall is provided with a predetermined gap so as to surround the outer wall, and the gap is communicated with the incinerated material accommodation space and the internal space of the combustion wall portion to form the air flow passage. It can be configured in this way. When the above configuration is adopted, the flowing air is further heated and guided to the internal space of the combustion wall portion, so the combustion near the combustion wall portion is promoted and the combustion efficiency can be further increased. The heat insulating wall can be provided on a part of the outer wall or can be configured to cover the entire outer wall. Also, the size of the gap constituting the air flow passage is not particularly limited.

[0022] Furthermore, since a gap through which air flows is formed between the heat insulating wall and the outer wall, the temperature outside the heat insulating wall does not increase. Therefore, there is no risk of getting burned even when contacting the heat insulating wall.

[0023] The combustion wall portion is configured to include a cylindrical lower combustion wall portion and a conical side surface-shaped upper combustion wall portion extending upward from the lower combustion wall portion, and the chimney can be extended from above the upper combustion wall portion. With this configuration, it becomes possible to set a large area for the combustion wall portion and increase the incineration efficiency. It should be noted that it is necessary to form holes in the lower combustion wall portion that communicate with the internal space, but for the upper wall portion, the holes may or may not be formed.

[0024] Furthermore, it is desirable to form a conical side skirt portion that is formed with a predetermined gap on the side of the upper combustion wall portion and whose lower part opens into the incinerated material storage space. By providing the skirt portion, it is possible to prevent the incinerated material from gathering around the upper wall portion and blocking the holes provided in the upper wall portion. Also, by providing the lower edge of the skirt portion to extend outside the outer peripheral portion of the lower combustion wall portion, it is possible to prevent pressure from the upper incinerated material from acting on the incinerated material around the lower combustion wall portion. For this reason, it is also possible to prevent the density of the incinerated material near the combustion wall portion from increasing. With the above configuration, it becomes possible to reliably flow the air from the air supply means to the vicinity of the combustion wall portion. Thereby, combustion in the vicinity of the combustion wall portion can be promoted and incineration efficiency can be increased. The size of the gap provided between the skirt portion and the upper combustion wall portion is not particularly limited, but it is preferably set to be at least larger than the diameter of the holes provided in the lower combustion wall portion.

[0025] An inlet for charging incinerated material is provided at the upper part of the outer wall. In the present invention, since the air in the incinerated material storage space is sucked out into the air flow passage, it is possible to maintain a negative pressure in the incinerated material storage space. Thereby, even when the inlet is open, it is possible to prevent smoke and bad odor from leaking out of the incinerated material storage space.

[0026] Furthermore, when the heat insulating wall is provided, the inlet is provided to penetrate through the outer wall and the heat insulating wall, and is formed in a cylindrical shape having an incinerated material charging space inside, and includes an inner lid portion provided below the incinerated material charging space and an outer lid portion provided above the incinerated material charging space. And when the outer lid portion is in a closed state, the inner lid portion can be configured to be held in an open state toward the internal space, and when the outer lid portion is in an open state toward the external space, the inner lid portion can be configured to be held in a closed state. By adopting this configuration, when charging incinerated material, the incinerated material storage space is not opened to the atmosphere, and it becomes possible to prevent smoke and bad odor from leaking out from the inlet.

[0027] The configuration of the outer lid portion and the inner lid portion is not particularly limited, and for example, these lid portions may be connected by a link mechanism.

[0028] In addition, the feed inlet can be provided by penetrating the outer wall and the insulating wall, and a lid portion can be provided on the outside of the outer wall to cover the feed inlet in an openable and closable manner, and air can be supplied from the air supply means to the upper edge of the feed inlet on the inner surface of the outer wall, and air blowing means can be provided to blow out a laminar air flow to cover the feed inlet.

[0029] By adopting the above-mentioned configuration, the air blown out from the air blowing means is blown into the air supply port provided outer wall The air flows downward along the inner surface of the chimney, forming a kind of air curtain. The air flow constituting the air curtain flows above the incineration materials and along the outer surface of the chimney, and is led to the air flow passage from the intake port provided at the top of the incineration material storage space. This makes it possible to prevent the bad odors and smoke generated by the incineration materials from leaking out from the inlet.

[0030] The configuration of the air blowing means is not particularly limited, and various means for generating a laminar air current that covers the inside of the input port can be used.

[0031] In order to lower the temperature of the chimney part, a cylindrical cooling water flow path can be provided at least on the outside of the chimney in the incineration material storage space. The cooling water flow path is configured to include a first flow path through which the cooling water flows from the upper part of the incineration material storage space toward the lower end of the chimney, and a second flow path that communicates with the first flow path and flows the cooling water from the lower end of the chimney toward the upper part, and a cooling water outlet can be provided at the upper end of the second flow path. With this configuration, it is possible to lower the temperature of the chimney and the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing through the chimney, thereby preventing the generation of dioxins, etc. In addition, since the temperature of the chimney can be lowered, there is also an effect of preventing damage caused by heat of the chimney.

[0032] Furthermore, an annular opening that opens into the chimney may be provided at the upper end of the second flow path, and an injection port for injecting cooling water into the chimney may be provided above the annular opening. By injecting cooling water into the chimney, the temperature of the exhaust gas can be further reduced. Also, a part of the incineration ash that flows together with the combustion gas from the combustion wall portion can be made to adhere to the inner surface of the chimney together with the cooling water, flow along the inner surface of the chimney, and be discharged to the discharge port through the opening. Thereby, fine particles in the exhaust can be recovered using the cooling water, preventing them from being released into the atmosphere.

[0033] In the present invention, air in the incineration waste accommodation space is caused to flow through the air flow passage and is configured to be guided from the upper part of the incineration waste accommodation space to the internal space of the combustion wall portion. On the other hand, the amount of air required for combustion differs between the start of operation and steady operation, and also differs depending on the type of incineration waste. Also, the amount of smoke and the like generated in the incineration waste accommodation space differs depending on the type of incineration waste and the combustion temperature. For this reason, it is preferable to provide flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of air at a predetermined location of the air flow passage. By the flow rate adjusting means, while blocking or restricting the flow of air from the air supply means to the incineration waste accommodation space, it becomes possible to flow air directly from the air supply means through the air flow passage into the internal space of the combustion wall portion.

[0034] The configuration of the flow rate adjusting means is not particularly limited. For example, a butterfly valve, a movable baffle plate, or the like can be provided at the suction port of the incineration waste accommodation space and configured to adjust the flow rate. Also, an electric fan capable of adjusting the flow rate can be provided in the air flow passage.

[0035] Also, at the start of operation or the like, a flame from a burner or the like is introduced into the internal space of the incineration wall portion. However, if the opening at the connection portion between the air flow passage and the incineration wall portion is large, the pressure near the opening does not become negative pressure, and the air flowing through the air flow passage may leak from the opening portion where the burner is installed. In particular, at the start of operation, the air flowing through the air flow passage may contain smoke and odors that have accumulated above the incineration waste storage space, which is inconvenient.

[0036] To avoid the above inconvenience, a flow rate adjusting means for restricting the flow of air flowing into the internal space of the combustion wall portion can be provided at the lower end portion of the air flow passage. For example, as the flow rate adjusting means, an air flow restricting wall portion having opposing edges with a predetermined gap at the lower edge portion of the combustion wall portion can be provided to restrict the flow of air into the internal space of the combustion wall portion.

[0037] By providing the air flow restricting wall portion, the flow area of the portion from the outlet of the air flow passage to the internal space of the combustion wall portion is narrowed, the flow rate of air can be restricted, and the negative pressure in the internal space of the combustion wall portion directly acts on the outlet of the air flow passage. For this reason, the air flowing out from the outlet of the air flow passage can be smoothly flowed into the internal space of the combustion wall portion. As a result, it is possible to prevent the air flowing out from the air flow passage from leaking out from the combustion air supply port or the like to the burner, and the above inconvenience can be avoided. The air flow restricting wall portion can be provided so as to surround the burner except for the air supply portion to the burner.

[0038] In the incineration method according to the present invention, the incineration waste is incinerated while flowing air from above the incineration waste storage space into the internal space of the combustion wall portion. By adopting this method, the inside of the incineration waste storage space is maintained at a negative pressure compared to the atmosphere, and it is possible to prevent smoke and odors from leaking out. Moreover, since the combustion air supplied to the combustion wall portion is heated by the heat of the outer wall, the incineration efficiency near the combustion wall portion can be increased.

[0039] ​

[0040] Also, according to the structure adopting the heat insulation wall, the temperature of the heat insulation wall does not become high, and the safety is also enhanced.

[0041] Furthermore, the air supply means can be configured to include an air supply fan. However, at least at the start of incineration, while flowing the air in the incineration waste accommodation space into the internal space of the combustion wall part by using the air supply fan, it is also possible to incinerate the incineration waste without operating the air supply fan during steady incineration.

Advantages of the Invention

[0042] By increasing the combustion temperature in the furnace, the incineration waste is completely burned to prevent the generation of dioxin. On the other hand, by reducing the exhaust temperature from the chimney, the de novo synthesis of dioxin can be suppressed, and furthermore, leakage of smoke and bad odor from the incineration waste accommodation space can be prevented.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0043]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0044] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. Note that the form of each part is not limited to this embodiment, and various forms having the same function can be adopted.

[0045] As shown in FIG. 1, the incinerator 1 includes a hollow outer wall 3 having an incinerated material accommodation space 2 inside, a porous cylindrical combustion wall portion 4 formed so as to rise from the bottom of the outer wall 3 at the central portion of the incinerated material accommodation space 2, and a chimney 5 communicating with the internal space 4c of the combustion wall portion 4 and extending upward.

[0046] The outer wall 3 is formed in a hollow form in which a cylindrical wall 3a having a square cross-section in the middle in the vertical direction is connected to substantially square pyramidal upper and lower walls 3b and 3c above and below the cylindrical wall 3a, and an inlet 6 for charging incinerated materials is provided in the upper wall 3b. The lower wall 3c of the outer wall 3 is formed in a tapered shape that inclines toward the combustion wall portion 4, and is configured such that as the incinerated materials near the combustion wall portion 4 are burned away, the surrounding incinerated materials can sequentially move to the vicinity of the combustion wall.

[0047] The outer wall 3 is provided with air supply means 7 for sending air into the incinerated material accommodation space 2. In this embodiment, the air supply means 7 includes an air supply fan 7a provided outside the outer wall, an upper outlet 7b that is connected to the air supply fan 7a and supplies the air to the upper part of the incinerated material accommodation space 2, and a lower outlet 7c that is arranged along the inner surface of the outer wall 3 from the vicinity of the upper outlet and supplies the air to the lower part of the incinerated material accommodation space 2 from the tip of a pipe reaching the inner surface of the lower wall 3c.

[0048] By sending air into the incinerated material storage space 2, combustion air is supplied to the vicinity of the combustion wall portion 4 through the gaps between the incinerated materials, so that combustion in the vicinity of the combustion wall portion can be promoted. When the density of the incinerated materials introduced into the incinerated material storage space 2 is high, sufficient air may not be supplied to the vicinity of the combustion wall portion 4 even if air is supplied from the upper blowout port 7b. By providing the lower blowout port 7c, air can be supplied from the inside or below of the stacked incinerated materials toward the combustion wall portion 4, and the combustion efficiency in the vicinity of the combustion wall portion can be increased. In particular, an effect of promoting combustion at startup and shortening the time to reach a steady state can also be expected.

[0049] On the other hand, if only air is sent into the incinerated material storage space 2, the air pressure in the incinerated material storage space 2 will increase, and air accompanied by malodor may leak out from the inlet 6 or the like. To avoid the above inconvenience, an air flow passage 9 for flowing air from above the incinerated material storage space 2 into the internal space 4c of the combustion wall portion 4 is provided. In the present embodiment, an air flow passage 9 is provided that communicates from the periphery of the chimney 5 at the uppermost part of the incinerated material storage space 2 to the lower opening 8 of the internal space 4c of the combustion wall portion 4 via the outside of the outer wall 3.

[0050] The air flow passage 9 according to the present embodiment is provided with a heat insulating wall 10 provided with a predetermined gap so as to surround the outer wall 3, and the gap communicates the incinerated material storage space 2 with the internal space 4c of the combustion wall portion 4 to constitute the air flow passage 9.

[0051] Since the air flow passage 9 for sucking air from the upper part of the incinerated material storage space 2 is provided, even if air is sent from the air supply means 7, it is sucked into the air flow passage 9 together with smoke and gas, so there is no risk of leaking from the inlet 6 or the like. Moreover, since the air flow passage 9 communicates with the internal space 4c of the combustion wall portion 4, malodor and gas generated in the incinerated material storage space 2 are decomposed by heat in the internal space 4c of the combustion wall portion 4 and discharged as harmless exhaust gas.

[0052] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, the outer surface of the outer wall 3 connected to the combustion wall portion 4 is not exposed to the outside by the heat insulation wall 10. Therefore, the heat insulation wall 10 does not become hot, and there is no risk of being burned even if there is accidental contact. In addition, since the air in the incinerated material accommodation space 2 is caused to flow along the outer surface of the outer wall 3, the temperature of the air is increased, and since this air is used for combustion, combustion in the combustion wall portion 4 can also be promoted.

[0053] Note that after the incineration state stabilizes (steady state), the temperature of the internal space 4c of the combustion wall portion 4 rises and the flow rate of the exhaust gas also increases. For this reason, the internal space 4c of the combustion wall portion 4 becomes negative pressure, and the air in the incinerated material accommodation space 2 can be sucked without using a fan or the like. Therefore, after the steady state is reached, the air supply fan can also be stopped. Furthermore, means for adjusting the amount of air supplied to the internal space of the combustion wall portion 4 according to the incinerated material and the combustion state, for example, an electric fan output adjustment device capable of adjusting the output of the electric fan or various flow rate adjustment means can be provided at the air outlet. In addition, a flow rate adjustment valve 77 capable of adjusting the amount of air flowing in the air flow passage can be provided. Furthermore, at the start of operation, a large amount of smoke may be generated from the vicinity of the combustion wall portion. In such a case, if air is supplied into the incinerated material accommodation space, there is a risk that the smoke will leak from the gaps in the outer wall 3 or the heat insulation wall 10. In order to avoid the above inconvenience, a flow path switching valve 88 capable of sending air from the air supply fan 7a to the inside of the combustion wall portion 4 via the air flow passage 9 without passing through the incinerated material accommodation space 2 can be provided.

[0054] As shown in FIG. 5, the combustion wall portion 4 includes a cylindrical lower combustion wall portion 4a provided with a lower opening 8 communicating with the air flow passage 9 downward, and a conical side surface-shaped upper combustion wall portion 4b extending upward from the lower combustion wall portion 4a, and the chimney 5 extends from the upper part of the upper combustion wall portion 4b. A large number of holes 11a and 11b are formed in the lower combustion wall portion 4a and the upper combustion wall portion 4b. The holes 11a and 11b are set to a size such that the incinerated material cannot enter the internal space 4c of the combustion wall portion 4.

[0055] A conical side skirt portion 12 is formed with a predetermined gap 12a on the lateral periphery of the upper combustion wall portion 4b, and the lower part of the skirt portion opens into the incinerated material accommodation space 2. No holes are formed in the skirt portion 12. Since this skirt portion 12 covers the entire lateral periphery of the upper combustion wall portion 4b, the incinerated material introduced from the input port 6 does not come into contact with the periphery of the upper combustion wall portion 4b. Further, since the skirt portion 12 projects like an umbrella above the side surface of the lower combustion wall portion 4a to cover it, no pressure from the incinerated material stacked above is applied to the incinerated material around the lower combustion wall portion 4a. Therefore, it is possible to alleviate the concentration of incinerated material around the combustion wall portion 4.

[0056] By providing the skirt portion 12, it becomes possible to ensure the air permeability around the combustion wall portion 4, and it becomes possible to easily flow the air from the air supply means 7 to the vicinity of the combustion wall portion 4. Also, even when a large amount of incinerated material is input at once, the density of the incinerated material near the combustion wall portion 4 is adjusted, and the incinerated material can be smoothly moved to the vicinity of the combustion wall portion for incineration.

[0057] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the input port 6 includes a cylindrical incinerated material input space 6a provided through the outer wall 3 and the heat insulating wall 10, an outer lid portion 6b provided above the incinerated material input space 6a to cover the outside of the incinerated material input space 6a, an inner lid portion 6c provided below the incinerated material input space 6a to close the inside of the incinerated material input space 6a, and an opening / closing handle 6d provided on the outer surface (upper surface) of the outer lid portion 6b.

[0058] As shown in FIG. 2, when the outer lid portion 6b is in an open state facing the external space, the inner lid portion 6c holds the incineration waste accommodation space side of the incineration waste input space 6a in a closed state. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, when the outer lid portion 6b is in a closed state, the inner lid portion 6c is configured to be held in an open state facing the incineration waste input space 6a. The outer lid portion 6b and the inner lid portion 6c are connected by a link mechanism 13. The link mechanism 13 is configured to connect the outer lid portion 6b and the inner lid portion 6c via a link rod 14 so as to interlock as described above.

[0059] By adopting the above configuration, when the outer lid portion 6b is in an open state and incineration waste is input into the incineration waste input space 6a, the inner lid portion 6c closes the incineration waste accommodation space side of the incineration waste input space 6a, so that no malodor or smoke leaks out from the input port 6. On the other hand, by closing the outer lid portion 6b, the inner lid portion 6c is opened and incineration waste is input into the incineration waste accommodation space 2. Therefore, when additional incineration waste is input, no malodor or smoke leaks out from the input port 6. Note that the link rod 14 is preferably detachably provided for internal maintenance and the like.

[0060] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, cylindrical cooling water flow paths 16b and 16c are provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the chimney 5 in the incineration waste accommodation space 2. The cooling water flow path is connected to a pipe extending from a pump 16a, and includes a first flow path 16b through which cooling water is caused to flow from above the incineration waste accommodation space 2 toward the lower end portion of the chimney 5, and a second flow path 16c that communicates with the first flow path at the lower end portion of the chimney 5 and through which cooling water is caused to flow upward. A cooling water discharge port 16d is provided at the upper end portion of the second flow path 16c and is connected to a drainage treatment means 17 via a drain pipe 16e.

[0061] By flowing cooling water around the chimney 5 that penetrates the incinerated material storage space 2, the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing through the chimney can be reduced. Further, since the heat from the exhaust gas flowing through the chimney 5 acting on the incinerated material stored in the incinerated material storage space 2 can be mitigated, the generation of malodor can be prevented. Moreover, in this embodiment, since the outer surface of the entire circumference of the chimney 5 leading to the combustion wall portion 4 can be cooled, damage to the chimney due to the heat of the exhaust gas rising from the combustion wall portion 4 can also be prevented.

[0062] The second flow path 16c extends upward from the cooling water discharge port 16d, and an annular opening 20 that opens into the chimney 5 is provided at the upper end. Further, an injection port 15b for injecting cooling water into the chimney 5 is provided above the annular opening 20. The injection port 15b is configured to be able to inject the water supplied from the pump 15a into the chimney, and the exhaust gas flowing upward in the chimney 5 is cooled by the water. Thereby, the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney can be significantly reduced. Further, the dust contained in the exhaust gas is adsorbed by the injected water and adhered to the inner surface of the chimney 5, guided to the annular opening 20 through the inner surface of the chimney, and discharged from the cooling water discharge port 16d. The discharged cooling water is purified by the wastewater treatment means 17. With this configuration, dust in the exhaust gas can also be removed.

[0063] In a conventional incinerator, the air required for incineration is directly introduced from the outside into the central part of the incinerator. Therefore, the temperature of the part where the incinerated material is burning tends to decrease. In the incineration method in the incinerator 1 according to the present embodiment, in the steady state, air is supplied into the incineration material accommodation space 2, and the incineration material is incinerated while flowing air from above the incineration material accommodation space 2 into the internal space of the combustion wall part 4. That is, the air required for incineration is once introduced into the incineration material accommodation space 2, and then after being made to flow along the outer wall 3, it is guided into the internal space of the combustion wall part 4. For this reason, the temperature of the air required for incineration is increased, and the incineration temperature in the internal space of the combustion wall part 4 also rises. Therefore, the incineration efficiency is increased, and the generation of incomplete combustion gas, dust, dioxin, etc. can be reduced.

[0064] Moreover, in the present embodiment, a heat insulating wall 10 is provided with a predetermined gap so as to surround the outer wall 3, and since the gap is configured to form the air flow passage 9, the heat insulating wall 10 is arranged with respect to the outer wall 3 via an air layer. Therefore, the temperature of the outer surface of the heat insulating wall does not become high, and there is no risk of getting burned even if an operator touches it, so the safety is greatly enhanced.

[0065] Other embodiments of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 8 to 11.

[0066] This embodiment is characterized by the structure of the air flow passage 9 below the combustion wall part 4 and the structure of the incineration material inlet 201. Note that the same reference numerals are given to common members.

[0067] The lower edge part of the lower combustion wall part 4a is joined to the lower edge part of the lower wall 3c that constitutes the incineration material accommodation space 2.

[0068] In the present embodiment, in the lower part of the air flow passage 9, an air flow regulating wall part 220 that rises in a trapezoidal cross-section from the bottom 223 is provided so that the upper edge part faces the joint part 222 of the lower combustion wall part 4a and the lower wall 3c with a predetermined gap 221.

[0069] By providing the air flow control wall portion 220, the amount of air flowing into the internal space 4c of the combustion wall portion 4 from the air flow passage 9 through the gap 221 is restricted. As a result, air from the air flow passage 9 does not enter the space where the burner 18 is installed, and it is possible to prevent malodors and smoke from leaking out from openings or the like that supply combustion air to the burner 18 at the start of operation or the like.

[0070] As shown in FIGS. 8 and 10, the charging port 201 is provided so as to penetrate the outer wall 3 and the heat insulating wall 10. In the present embodiment, a lid portion 206 that can open and close the charging port 201 is provided outside the heat insulating wall 10. The upper part of the lid portion 206 is rotatably connected to the upper edge portion of the charging port 201, and by pulling the handle 208, the lid portion 206 can be opened.

[0071] On the other hand, air blowing means 212 for blowing out a layered air flow 209 that covers the inside of the charging port 201 is provided at the upper part inside the outer wall 3 of the charging port 201. The air blowing means 212 is configured by providing air blowing holes at predetermined intervals in a pipe that is longer than the width direction dimension of the charging port 201. Air is supplied from the air supply means 7 to the air blowing means 212 via a connecting pipe 210, and a layered air flow is blown out so as to cover the charging port.

[0072] As shown in FIG. 8, the air flow 209 flows toward the center above the incinerated material accommodated in the incineration material accommodation space 2, and then upward along the outer surface of the chimney 5, and is made to flow into the air flow passage 9 from an air suction port 7d provided above the incineration material accommodation space 2.

[0073] By adopting the above configuration, when the lid portion 206 is opened to charge the incinerated material, even if the incineration material accommodation space 2 is communicated with the outside, it is possible to prevent malodors and smoke from leaking out from the incineration material accommodation space 2.

Industrial Applicability

[0074] According to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently burn incinerated materials at a high temperature, lower the exhaust temperature from the chimney, and further provide an incinerator that can prevent the combustion gas from leaking out of the incinerated material accommodation space.

Explanation of Signs

[0075] 1 Incinerator 3 Outer wall 2 Incinerated material accommodation space 4 Combustion wall part 5 Chimney 7 Air supply means 9 Air flow passage

Claims

1. A incinerator provided with a cylindrical combustion wall portion that rises from the bottom, has a hole that communicates inside and outside, and can hold incinerated materials at the center of the incinerated material accommodation space surrounded by an outer wall, and the incinerated materials are burned in the vicinity of this combustion wall portion, a chimney that communicates with the internal space of the combustion wall portion and extends upward, air supply means capable of supplying air into the incinerated material accommodation space, and an air flow passage that communicates from the upper part of the incinerated material accommodation space to the lower part of the internal space of the combustion wall portion via the outside of the outer wall, and allows air to flow from above the incinerated material accommodation space into the internal space of the combustion wall portion. The air supply means includes an air supply fan, and has an upper outlet for supplying the air to the upper part of the incinerated material accommodation space and a lower outlet for supplying the air to the lower part of the incinerated material accommodation space. On the other hand, the incinerator includes an air suction port provided along the outer surface of the chimney at the upper part of the incinerated material accommodation space and communicating with the air flow passage.

2. The incinerator according to claim 1, further comprising a heat insulating wall provided with a predetermined gap so as to surround the outer wall, wherein the gap communicates with the incinerated material accommodation space and the internal space of the combustion wall portion, and constitutes the air flow passage.

3. The combustion wall portion includes a cylindrical lower combustion wall portion and an upper combustion wall portion having a conical side surface extending upward from the lower combustion wall portion, and the chimney extends from above the upper combustion wall portion. The incinerator according to claim 1 or claim 2, further comprising a skirt portion having a conical side surface formed with a predetermined gap around the side of the upper combustion wall portion and opening downward to the incinerated material accommodation space.

4. The incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an inlet for charging incinerated materials is provided at the upper part of the outer wall.

5. The inlet is provided so as to penetrate the incinerated material accommodation space and is formed in a cylindrical shape having an incinerated material charging space inside. The incinerator further includes an inner lid portion provided below the incinerated material charging space and capable of closing the inside of the incinerated material charging space, and an outer lid portion provided above the incinerated material charging space and covering the outside of the incinerated material charging space. When the outer lid portion is in the closed state, the inner lid portion is held in an open state toward the incinerated waste accommodation space, and when the outer lid portion is in an open state toward the external space, the inner lid portion is configured to be held in the closed state. The incinerator according to claim 4.

6. The incinerator according to claim 5, wherein the outer lid portion and the inner lid portion are connected by a link mechanism.

7. The charging port is provided to penetrate the incinerated waste accommodation space, and on the outside of the outer wall, a lid portion is provided to cover the charging port so as to be openable and closable. On the upper edge portion of the charging port inside the outer wall, air blowing means is provided that blows out a laminar air flow so as to cover the charging port while air is supplied from the air supply means. The incinerator according to any one of claims 4 to 6.

8. At a predetermined location of the air flow passage, flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of air is provided in the incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising a flow path switching valve capable of sending air from the air supply means to the inside of the combustion wall portion through the air flow passage without passing through the incinerated waste accommodation space.

10. The incinerator according to claim 8, wherein the flow rate adjusting means is provided at the lower end portion of the air flow passage to regulate the flow of air flowing into the internal space of the combustion wall portion.

11. The incinerator according to claim 10, wherein the flow rate adjusting means has an edge portion facing the lower edge portion of the combustion wall portion with a predetermined gap therebetween, and is an air flow regulating wall portion for regulating the flow of air into the internal space of the combustion wall portion.

12. A cylindrical cooling water flow passage is provided so as to surround at least the outer periphery of the chimney in the incinerated waste accommodation space, and the cooling water flow passage includes a first flow passage through which cooling water flows from above the incinerated waste accommodation space toward the lower end portion of the chimney, and a second flow passage that communicates with the first flow passage and through which cooling water flows upward from the lower end portion of the chimney. The incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein a cooling water discharge port is provided at the upper end portion of the second flow passage.

13. In a central portion of an incinerated material accommodation space surrounded by an outer wall, a cylindrical combustion wall portion is provided that rises from the bottom, has a hole communicating inside and outside, and can hold the incinerated material. In an incineration method in an incinerator where the incinerated material is burned in the vicinity of this combustion wall portion, the incinerator is, a chimney that communicates with the internal space of the combustion wall portion and extends upward, air supply means capable of supplying air into the incinerated material accommodation space, and an air flow passage that communicates from the upper part of the incinerated material accommodation space, via the outside of the outer wall, to the lower part of the internal space of the combustion wall portion, the air supply means is configured to include an air supply fan, and includes an upper outlet for supplying the air to the upper part of the incinerated material accommodation space and a lower outlet for supplying the air to the lower part of the incinerated material accommodation space. On the other hand, it is configured to include an air intake port provided along the outer surface of the chimney in the upper part of the incinerated material accommodation space and communicating with the air flow passage, An incineration method in an incinerator that supplies air to the upper and lower parts in the incinerated material accommodation space and incinerates the incinerated material while flowing air from the air intake port provided above the incinerated material accommodation space into the internal space of the combustion wall portion.

14. Comprising a heat insulation wall provided with a predetermined gap so as to surround the outer wall The incineration method in the incinerator according to claim 13, wherein the gap constitutes the air flow passage, and the incinerated material is incinerated while flowing the air in the incinerated material accommodation space along the outer surface of the outer wall into the internal space of the combustion wall portion.

15. At least at the start of operation of the incinerator, restricting the amount of air supplied from the air supply means to the incinerated material accommodation space and / or the amount of air flowing from the incinerated material accommodation space into the internal space of the combustion wall portion. The incineration method in the incinerator according to any one of claims 13 or 14.

16. At least at the start of operation of the incinerator, blocking or restricting the flow of air from the air supply means to the incinerated material accommodation space, and Flowing air from the air supply means into the internal space of the combustion wall portion through the air flow passage. The incineration method in the incinerator according to any one of claims 13 to 15.

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