Heat insulation structure of a building

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a heat insulation structure for a building that can efficiently discharge not only moisture and heat absorbed by the building body but also radiant heat to the outside. 【Solution means】The heat insulation structure of the building 1 includes a laminated structure 100 in which a building body 2, a first ventilation part 3, a heat insulation part 4, a second ventilation part 5, and a waterproof part 6 are laminated in this order, and a discharge part 7 that discharges moist air and heat in the first ventilation part 3 and the second ventilation part 5 to the outside. The waterproof part 6 has an air supply hole 23 through which outside air is supplied to the second ventilation part 5. The heat insulation part 4 has a communication passage 22 that communicates the first ventilation part 3 and the second ventilation part 5.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a heat insulation structure for buildings such as buildings.

Background Art

[0002] As a technique for discharging moisture (humidity) and heat in the air absorbed from the interior to the outside to the frame, which is an element constituting a building such as a building, there is a technique called the "air control method" (Non-Patent Document 1). In this method, a ventilation layer made of a polypropylene sheet having an embossed structure in a lattice arrangement called Core Cone (registered trademark) is provided between a waterproof layer that prevents water from entering from the outside and the frame that supports the inner wall (for example, the ceiling wall) of the interior. After taking in the moisture and heat absorbed by the frame into the ventilation layer, it is discharged to the outside of the building through an opening formed in the waterproof layer.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] However, in the above prior art, although the indoor moisture and heat absorbed by the frame can be efficiently discharged, there is a problem that it reaches the waterproof layer and the absorbed radiant heat cannot be effectively removed.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a heat insulation structure for a building that can efficiently discharge not only the moisture and heat from the interior absorbed by the frame but also radiant heat to the outside.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The heat insulation structure of the building of the present disclosure includes a laminated structure in which a building body, a first ventilation part, a heat insulation part, a second ventilation part, and a waterproof part are laminated in this order, and a discharge part that discharges moist air and heat in the first ventilation part and the second ventilation part to the outside. The waterproof part has an air supply hole through which outside air is supplied to the second ventilation part, and the heat insulation part has a communication path that communicates the first ventilation part and the second ventilation part. and the heat insulating portion has a heat insulating metal sheet forming the bottom surface of the second ventilation portion 。

Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the heat insulation structure of the building of the present disclosure, not only the moisture and heat absorbed by the building body but also the radiant heat can be efficiently discharged to the outside.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0008]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0009] Next, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, the heat insulation structure of the building in one embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' shown in FIG. 1. Also, the X direction shown in FIG. 2 means the horizontal direction, and the Z direction means the direction orthogonal to the horizontal plane. The "building" as used in this specification includes a wide range of building structures such as commercial facilities such as buildings, apartment houses such as condominiums and apartments, and general detached houses.

[0010] In FIGS. 1 to 3, the building 1 is configured to include a laminated structure 100 in which a building body 2, a first ventilation part (first ventilation layer) 3, a heat insulation part (heat insulation layer) 4, a second ventilation part (second ventilation layer) 5, and a waterproof part (waterproof layer) 6 are laminated in this order from the bottom. On the rooftop portion which is the upper surface of the waterproof part 6, a discharge part 7 for discharging moisture, heat, etc. inside the laminated structure 100 to the outside of the building 1 is provided. In this specification, the combination of the laminated structure 100 and the discharge part 7 is referred to as the "heat insulation structure of the building". In FIG. 3, for convenience, the illustration of the second ventilation part 5 and the discharge part 7 is omitted.

[0011] In FIGS. 2 and 3, the building body 2 is one of the main structures of the building 1 and supports the inner wall (for example, the ceiling wall) of the interior (room) S. As the building body 2, in addition to steel frames and reinforced concrete, a wooden structure may also be used. Moisture (humidity) contained in the air in the interior S and the heat of the interior S are absorbed and accumulated by the material of the building body 2, but if these are not discharged to the outside, it will lead to deterioration and corrosion of the building body 2. In the heat insulation structure of the building 1 in the present embodiment, the moisture and heat absorbed by the building body 2 can also be efficiently discharged to the outside of the building 1.

[0012] In FIGS. 2 and 3, the first ventilation part 3 is composed of a thermoplastic resin sheet main body part 11 and a plurality of convex parts 12 which are regularly provided in a lattice arrangement on one surface 11a of the resin sheet main body part 11 and have a hollow truncated cone shape with the bottom side 12a (resin sheet main body part 11 side) open, and is constituted by a hollow truncated cone-shaped core material 13. This hollow truncated cone-shaped core material 13 has the same structure as the Core Cone (registered trademark) provided by Ube Eximer Co., Ltd.

[0013] The hollow truncated cone-shaped core material 13 is provided on the building body 2 with the resin sheet main body part 11 facing upward. That is, the plurality of convex parts 12 are interposed between the building body 2 and the resin sheet main body part 11, and the upper side 12b (sharp part) of the convex part 12 is in contact with the upper surface of the building body 2. The moisture and heat absorbed by the building body 2 move from the upper surface side of the building body 2 to the ventilation path T1 which is the gap between the plurality of convex parts 12 (arrow a shown in FIG. 2).

[0014] The resin sheet main body 11 is formed with a through hole 14 penetrating in the vertical direction. The air (outside air) supplied into the laminated structure 100 flows into the ventilation path T1 through the through hole 14 (arrow c). The moisture and heat that have moved to the ventilation path T1 ride on the flow of the air flowing in through the through hole 14, are sent to the discharge part 7, and discharged to the outside.

[0015] The heat insulating part 4 includes an air cell member 20 developed in the in-plane direction and a metal sheet 21 as a heat insulating sheet pasted on the upper surface of the air cell member 20 and thinly extending aluminum. The air cell member 20 is a heat insulating material having a layer structure containing a plurality of air cells (air bubbles), and is supported from below on the other surface 11b of the resin sheet main body 11. The metal sheet 21 only needs to have a predetermined heat insulating property, and for example, metals such as copper, silver, and titanium other than aluminum, which can be expected to have a high heat insulating effect, can be selected.

[0016] The air cell member 20 and the metal sheet 21 are formed with a communication path 22 penetrating in the vertical direction and communicating with the through hole 14 of the resin sheet main body 11 and the second ventilation part 5.

[0017] The second ventilation part 5 has a ventilation path T2 through which air passes, and is provided between the heat insulating part 4 and the waterproof part 6. The height of the ventilation path T2 in the vertical direction is about 2 mm. The flow path of the ventilation path T2 is secured by a spacer 26 inserted between the heat insulating part 4 and the waterproof part 6. The above-mentioned metal sheet 21 forms the bottom surface of the ventilation path T2.

[0018] The waterproof part 6 is a protective layer for preventing water from entering from the outside. Examples of the waterproof part 6 include a waterproof sheet using polyvinyl chloride, and a liquid urethane resin applied and cured in multiple layers.

[0019] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, in the vicinity of each corner portion of the waterproof portion 6, at positions along the vertical direction corresponding to the through holes 14 of the first ventilation portion 3 and the communication passages 22 of the heat insulation portion 4, a plurality (here, four) of air supply holes 23 penetrating in the vertical direction are formed. That is, the through holes 14 of the first ventilation portion 3 and the communication passages 22 of the heat insulation portion 4 are also formed in the vicinity of each corner portion of the waterproof portion 6. The air supply holes 23 are opening portions for taking in outside air into the laminated structure 100.

[0020] In FIG. 2, in the waterproof portion 6, a cylindrical air supply cylinder 24 communicating with the air supply holes 23 and opening at both the top and bottom is provided. The upper end of the air supply cylinder 24 is located at a position higher than the upper surface of the waterproof portion 6, thereby preventing rainwater or the like accumulated on the waterproof portion 6 from entering the air supply holes 23.

[0021] The air supply cylinder 24 is partially covered within a predetermined range by a box-shaped cover member 25 having an open lower side. The cover member 25 prevents rainwater from entering the air supply cylinder 24 during rainfall. A gap is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the cover member 25 and the outer peripheral surface of the air supply cylinder 24, and outside air reaches the inside of the air supply cylinder 24 through this gap and is supplied into the laminated structure 100 (arrow b).

[0022] Next, the discharge portion 7 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, two discharge portions 7 are provided adjacent to the vicinity of the substantially central portion of the waterproof portion 6 in plan view. In FIG. 2, the discharge portion 7 includes a cylindrical exhaust cylinder 30 opening at both the top and bottom. As shown in FIG. 3, openings 50, 60, 70 through which the exhaust cylinder 30 penetrates are formed in the waterproof portion 6, the air cell member 20 and the metal sheet 21 constituting the heat insulation portion 4, and the resin sheet main body portion 11 constituting the first ventilation portion 3, respectively. The exhaust cylinder 30 penetrates through the waterproof portion 6, the second ventilation portion 5, and the heat insulation portion 4 through the openings 50, 60, 70, and its lower end opens into the first ventilation portion 3. Thereby, the lower end of the exhaust cylinder 30 communicates with the ventilation path T1. Also, the upper end of the exhaust cylinder 30 is located at a position higher than the upper surface of the waterproof portion 6.

[0023] In FIG. 2, a plurality of openings 31 are formed at the position of the exhaust pipe 30 exposed to the ventilation passage T2. Thereby, the inside of the ventilation passage T2 and the exhaust pipe 30 communicate with each other.

[0024] A fan 32 is provided on the upper end side of the exhaust pipe 30. By driving the fan 32, the moist air and heat in the laminated structure 100 are sucked through the exhaust pipe 30 and discharged to the outside of the building 1 (arrow f).

[0025] The exhaust pipe 30 is partially covered in a predetermined range by a box-shaped cover member 33 that is open at the lower side. The cover member 33 prevents rainwater from entering the exhaust pipe 30 during rainfall. A gap is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the cover member 33 and the outer peripheral surface of the exhaust pipe 30, and the moisture and heat sucked up from the fan 32 are discharged to the outside through this gap (arrow f).

[0026] A solar panel 34 is provided on the upper surface of the cover member 33. The solar panel 34 is connected to a drive motor (not shown) provided in the fan 32. The solar panel 34 converts light energy into electrical energy, and the generated electrical energy causes the fan 32 to rotate. The drive source of the fan 32 is not limited to natural energy, and the supply energy from a power source can also be used.

[0027] The heat insulation structure of the building 1 in this embodiment is configured as described above. Next, with reference to FIG. 2, a method for discharging the moist air and heat in the laminated structure 100 to the outside will be described. When the fan 32 is rotated to suck the inside of the exhaust pipe 30 (arrow e), in order to keep the pressure in the laminated structure 100 constant, the same amount of air is sucked into the laminated structure 100 through the air supply hole 23, and an air flow is generated.

[0028] Regarding the air flow in detail, when the fan 32 is rotated, outside air is taken into the air supply cylinder 24 (arrow b). The outside air taken into the air supply cylinder 24 flows into the ventilation path T2 through the air supply holes 23, and further reaches the ventilation path T1 through the communication path 22 of the heat insulation part 4 and the through holes 14 of the first ventilation part 3 (arrow c). The air (outside air) that has reached the ventilation path T1 proceeds to the exhaust cylinder 30 (arrow d) and flows into the exhaust cylinder 30 (arrow e). At this time, the moisture and heat transferred from the housing 2 also ride on the air flow and flow into the exhaust cylinder 30.

[0029] The moist air and heat that have flowed into the exhaust cylinder 30 are discharged to the outside from the upper end of the exhaust cylinder 30 (arrow f). As a result, the moisture and heat from the indoor S absorbed by the housing 2 are efficiently discharged to the outside of the building 1.

[0030] Also, a part of the air that has flowed into the exhaust cylinder 30 flows into the second ventilation part 5 through the opening 31 (arrow g). The air that has flowed into the second ventilation part 5 proceeds in a direction away from the exhaust cylinder 30 (arrow g), and returns to the ventilation path T1 again (reflux) through the communication path 22 of the heat insulation part 4 and the through holes 14 of the first ventilation part 3.

[0031] At this time, the radiant heat (radiated thermal energy) released from the waterproof part 6 and transmitted to the ventilation path T2 is reflected by the metal sheet 21, rides on the air flow, moves from the ventilation path T2 to the ventilation path T1, and then passes through the exhaust cylinder 30 and is discharged to the outside (arrow f). As a result, it is possible to prevent the radiant heat from staying in the laminated structure 100 and efficiently discharge the radiant heat to the outside. Also, the radiant heat that could not be completely reflected by the metal sheet 21 has its conduction and convection suppressed by the air cell member 20 that supports the metal sheet 21, and heat transfer to the lower layer (the first ventilation part 3) is reduced.

[0032] As described above, the heat insulation structure (building structure) of the building 1 in this embodiment includes a laminated structure body 100 in which a building frame 2, a first ventilation part 3, a heat insulation part 4, a second ventilation part 5, and a waterproof part 6 are laminated in this order. More specifically, the heat insulation structure of the building 1 includes a building frame 2 that supports an inner wall (ceiling wall) constituting the interior of the building, a first ventilation part 3 (first ventilation layer) provided above the building frame 2 through which air containing moisture and heat transferred from the building frame 2 passes, a heat insulation part (heat insulation layer) 4 provided above the first ventilation part 3 and having a heat insulation sheet (metal sheet 21), a second ventilation part (second ventilation layer) 5 provided above the heat insulation part 4 through which air (humid air) passes, and a waterproof part (waterproof layer) 6 provided above the second ventilation part 5. Further, the heat insulation structure of the building 1 includes an exhaust part 7 that discharges air (humid air) and heat inside the first ventilation part 3 and the second ventilation part 5 to the outside.

[0033] Also, the waterproof part 6 has an air supply hole 23 through which outside air is supplied to the second ventilation part 5, the heat insulation part 4 has a communication path 22 that communicates the first ventilation part 3 and the second ventilation part 5, and the ventilation path T1 of the first ventilation part 3 communicates with the communication path 22 through a through hole 14. Further, the exhaust part 7 has an exhaust cylinder 30 whose lower end opens into the first ventilation part 3 and whose upper end opens at a position higher than the upper surface of the waterproof part 6.

[0034] According to the heat insulation structure of the building 1 having the above configuration, the interior of the laminated structure body 100 (the first ventilation part 3 and the second ventilation part 5) is in communication with the outside of the building 1 through the air supply hole 23, the communication path 22, the through hole 14, the exhaust cylinder 30, and the opening 31. Then, by driving the fan 32 of the exhaust part 7, the interior of the laminated structure body 100 is sucked and outside air is taken in through the air supply hole 23, thereby generating airflows in a plurality of directions (arrows b to g) inside the laminated structure body 100.

[0035] Thereby, moisture and heat transferred from the building frame 2 to the first ventilation part 3 can be discharged to the outside by riding on the airflows, and the radiant heat released from the waterproof part 6 and transmitted to the second ventilation part 5 can be reflected by the metal sheet 21 and discharged to the outside by riding on the airflows.

[0036] The heat insulation structure of the building 1 of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described so far, and can be appropriately modified in design without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, instead of the discharge part 7, a supply part for supplying outside air to the first ventilation part 3 may be provided, and the airflow generated inside the laminated structure 100 may be discharged from the air supply hole 23. In such a case, the exhaust pipe 30 is replaced with an air supply pipe, and a fan for supplying outside air is provided inside the air supply pipe. Also, the air supply hole is replaced with an exhaust hole.

Industrial Applicability

[0037] According to the present invention, not only the moisture and heat absorbed by the building body but also the radiant heat can be efficiently discharged to the outside, which is particularly useful in the construction industry.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0038] 1 Building 2 Building body 3 First ventilation part 4 Heat insulation part 5 Second ventilation part 6 Waterproof part 7 Discharge part 22 Communication path 23 Air supply hole 30 Exhaust pipe

Claims

1. a laminated structure in which a body, a first ventilation section, a heat shielding section, a second ventilation section, and a waterproof section are laminated in this order; a discharge section that discharges the moist air and heat in the first ventilation section and the second ventilation section to the outside, The waterproof portion is an air supply hole through which outside air is supplied to the second ventilation portion; The heat shielding portion is a communication passage that communicates the first ventilation portion and the second ventilation portion; The heat shielding portion is A heat insulating structure for a building, comprising a heat insulating metal sheet forming a bottom surface of the second ventilation section.

2. The heat insulating structure for a building according to claim 1 , wherein the exhaust section has an exhaust pipe whose lower end opens into the first ventilation section.

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