Transfer film, component, and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a transfer film (1) for decorating casing parts, particularly for automobiles or household appliances. The transfer film (1) comprises a carrier ply (3) having at least one carrier layer (31) and a transfer ply (2) arranged on the carrier ply (3). The transfer ply (2) has a protective layer composite (21). The protective layer composite (21) comprises a first protective layer (5) and at least one receiving layer (4) for coating the transfer ply (2) with at least one coating (6) in a coatable area (41). The at least one receiving layer (4) is arranged on the first protective layer (5). The at least one receiving layer (4) is arranged on a first surface of the transfer ply (2) facing the carrier ply (3). The present invention also relates to a method for producing the transfer film, as well as a part using the transfer film and a method for producing the part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a transfer film, a method for manufacturing the transfer film, and a method for manufacturing a component using the component and the transfer film.

Background Art

[0002] Back injection molding IMD transfer films (IMD = In-Mold Decoration) using plastic materials in injection molding dies are known. In order to guarantee the durability of products manufactured in such a way, IMD transfer films often have a protective layer. The protective layer forms the outside of the product after peeling of the carrier layer of the IMD transfer film. In order to guarantee good durability, the protective layer has low adhesiveness to foreign substances. However, as a result, the protective layer also has low adhesiveness to materials applied to the protective layer, such as printing ink, and as a result, the overprintability of the protective layer deteriorates. Therefore, the printing ink is arranged inside the protective layer, and thus on the protected side.

[0003] On the other hand, films having high adhesiveness to printing ink are only known for short-lived articles such as packaging, and do not have a protective varnish or have low durability.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a transfer film, a component, and a manufacturing method thereof that enable the production of a component having good durability and at the same time having overprintability by a cost-effective and simple method.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] This object is achieved in particular by providing a transfer film for decorating casing parts of motor vehicles or household electrical appliances. The transfer film comprises a carrier ply having at least one carrier layer and a transfer ply arranged on the carrier ply. The transfer film has a protective layer composite on the transfer ply. The protective layer composite comprises a first protective layer and at least one receiving layer for coating the transfer ply in a coatable area by means of at least one coating. The at least one receiving layer is arranged on the first protective layer, and the at least one receiving layer is arranged with respect to the first surface of the transfer ply facing the carrier ply.

[0006] This object is further achieved in particular by providing a method for manufacturing a transfer film according to one of claims 1 to 23. The following steps are carried out in particular in a specific order. I) providing at least one carrier layer of the carrier ply, III) applying a transfer ply to the carrier ply, the transfer ply having a protective layer composite comprising a first protective layer and at least one receiving layer for coating the transfer ply in a coatable area by means of at least one coating, the at least one receiving layer being arranged on the first protective layer, and the at least one receiving layer being arranged with respect to the first surface of the transfer ply facing the carrier ply.

[0007] This object is likewise achieved by providing a part, in particular a casing part of a motor vehicle or a household electrical appliance. The part comprises a substrate and at least one transfer ply arranged with respect to at least one surface of the substrate in at least one area, in particular a transfer film according to one of claims 1 to 23. The transfer ply has a protective layer composite comprising a first protective layer and at least one receiving layer, the at least one receiving layer being arranged on the first protective layer in a coatable area and being arranged on the side of the transfer ply opposite the substrate.

[0008] This object is further achieved by providing a method for manufacturing a component, in particular a component according to one of claims 24 to 40, using a transfer film manufactured according to the method according to one of claims 1 to 23 and / or according to claims 41 to 54. This method particularly comprises the following steps in a specific order. As steps, a) providing a transfer film comprising at least one carrier ply and a transfer ply disposed on the carrier ply, wherein the transfer ply has a protective layer composite comprising a first protective layer and at least one receiving layer for coating the transfer ply in a coatable area by means of at least one coating, at least one receiving layer being disposed on the first protective layer and at least one receiving layer being disposed on a first surface of the transfer ply facing the carrier ply; b) bonding a substrate to at least one surface of the transfer ply on the side opposite the carrier ply; c) peeling the carrier ply from the transfer ply bonded to the substrate; d) applying at least one coating to the surface of the transfer ply on the side opposite the substrate, wherein the at least one coating is applied in a coating area disposed in at least an area or over the entire surface within the coatable area.

[0009] Thereby, in particular, the protective effect of the component achievable by the first protective layer is not adversely affected by at least one receiving layer and at least one coating, and the adhesion of at least one coating in the component is significantly improved. For example, further, in particular until just before the component is completed to form the final product, it is achieved that the component beneficially has good overprintability. Furthermore, despite the good overprintability, the protective layer composite and in particular at least one coating also exhibit a protective function, so that the component is guaranteed to have particularly good durability. Thus, at least one coating preferably has a dual function as a protective layer and as a decoration or information carrier, whereby the individualizability of the component is beneficially improved. In particular, this makes it possible to provide a standard deformation of the transfer film, which can be easily deformed or adapted during the manufacture of the film body by at least one coating. Surprisingly, in particular, the surface of the component in the coatable area can also have good durability in the area where at least one receiving layer is applied, although it has been shown that at least one coating is not applied in at least the area. In this way, the coatability is improved while maintaining the protective function. For the overprintability and protective function of the protective layer composite and the carrier layer of the transfer film, in particular, a simple, flexible and reliable method is also guaranteed during the manufacture of the transfer film and the component.

[0010] The first protective layer, in particular in step III), preferably starts to at least partially dissolve at least one receiving layer such that a mixed layer is formed between at least one receiving layer and the first protective layer or from at least one receiving layer and the first protective layer. Thus, at least one receiving layer and / or the mixed layer preferably form a surface that is more easily soluble by at least one coating, for example in the form of UV printing ink and / or UV ink. Thereby, the adhesion to at least one coating can be improved, and in particular a durable composite can also be produced.

[0011] Advantageous configurations of the present invention are described in the dependent claims.

[0012] The transfer film is preferably an IMD transfer film. Thus, the transfer film is preferably used in the IMD process. The component is preferably manufactured by the IMD process. The manufacturing method of the component is preferably the IMD process. At least one coating in step d) is preferably applied to at least one receiving layer at least in the region.

[0013] The component preferably has at least one coating and, in the region, particularly when the carrier ply is peeled off, optionally has a first protective layer and / or at least one receiving layer as the outermost layer. Preferably, particularly after the carrier ply is peeled off and at least one coating is applied, further layers are not applied to the at least one coating. Thus, particularly, it is advantageous that the further protective layer is preferably not applied to the at least one coating and / or the protective layer composite, thereby ensuring good durability of the outermost layer.

[0014] The coatable region of the transfer film and / or the component, in the case of observation perpendicular to the plane extended by the first protective layer and / or at least one receiving layer, is preferably extended by at least one receiving layer and / or completely included by the first protective layer. The first protective layer preferably has a coatable region over at least the surface region or the entire surface.

[0015] The coatable area preferably consists of one or more areas that are continuous and / or separated from each other and / or, in particular, is preferably patterned when observed perpendicular to the plane in which at least one receiving layer extends. Being patterned preferably means having one or more patterns. The patterns are, in particular, graphically designed outlines, graphical representations, images, symbols, logos, infinite patterns, portraits, alphanumerics, text, grids and / or one or more combinations of the above patterns.

[0016] The coatable area is preferably coatable such that, in particular, in at least an intermediate step for manufacturing a component having a protective layer composite, reliable adhesion of at least one coating is possible on and / or within the component in the coatable area.

[0017] Advantageously, at least one coating is applied in the coatable area, at least in the area or over the entire surface. The coating area preferably overlaps the coatable area at least in the area or over the entire surface. Furthermore, it is possible to pattern the coating area, in particular when observed perpendicular to the plane in which at least one receiving layer extends, in particular using at least one receiving layer.

[0018] The transfer film and / or the protective layer composite of the component, in particular at least one receiving layer and / or the first protective layer, are preferably not yet fully cured, at least in regions. Preferably, at least one receiving layer and / or the first protective layer are pre-cured, at least in regions, chemically and / or by irradiation, preferably UV irradiation, and / or can still be fully cured, at least in regions, by irradiation, preferably UV irradiation. For this purpose, at least one receiving layer and / or the first protective layer have at least one UV-crosslinkable polymer. The UV-crosslinkable polymer within the scope of the present invention preferably has at least one, preferably two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds.

[0019] Preferably, in particular for the production of the transfer film, no UV curing occurs. In particular, UV curing preferably occurs very slowly and only after the bonding of the substrate to the transfer ply in step b), preferably in the IMD process, in particular only after the application of at least one coating to the transfer ply in step d). In particular, UV curing preferably does not occur during the production method of the transfer film or during the application. In particular, preferably the UV ink of the digital printer is partially cured by irradiation from at least one UV LED.

[0020] The term "ethylenically unsaturated double bond" preferably means a mono-, di- or tri-substituted C=C double bond not incorporated into an aromatic electron system. The ethylenically unsaturated double bond is preferably not conjugated with other double bonds.

[0021] More preferably, the first protective layer of the transfer film and / or the component is chemically cured and / or chemically pre-cured, and the first protective layer of the transfer film and / or the component and at least one receiving layer are not yet fully cured, and thus can be fully cured particularly by UV irradiation. Preferably, at least one receiving layer of the transfer film is preferably not yet fully cured in at least the region of the coatable area. In particular, at least one coating of the component immediately after step d) is preferably not yet fully cured and can be fully cured by UV irradiation.

[0022] In particular, it is also possible that the protective layer composite in the component, preferably at least one receiving layer and / or the first protective layer, is at least partially not yet fully cured. In particular, the component is not yet protected by the carrier ply of the transfer film. The carrier ply contains PET or preferably consists of PET.

[0023] The component is preferably arranged at least in regions opposite at least one surface of the substrate and in particular comprises at least one transfer film having a carrier ply and a transfer ply. In particular, at least one coating and / or the protective layer composite is not yet fully cured and / or is at least partially curable. More preferably, the component is preferably advantageously further coatable, for example overprintable, and thus preferably represents an intermediate product that can be individualized as soon as the carrier ply has been peeled off or is peeled off.

[0024] Furthermore, it is possible that the carrier ply of the transfer film is separated and / or does not exist in the component. At least one coating is applied to at least one receiving layer in a subsequent step or has been applied immediately beforehand.

[0025] "Not yet fully cured" preferably refers to a layer, in particular a first protective layer, at least one receiving layer and / or at least one coating, when its hardness and / or durability do not yet have a fixed minimum value. The fixed minimum value of hardness and / or durability is preferably a function of the final intended use of the layer, for example as a protective layer and / or as an intermediate layer for forming an optical effect. Thus, within the meaning of the present invention, "fully cured" means a layer when polymerization and / or crosslinking and / or it has a fixed minimum value of its hardness and / or durability.

[0026] It is possible to fix the above minimum value such that a layer is represented as "not yet fully cured" within the meaning of the present invention when less than 95% of the polymer component of the crosslinkable layer has crosslinks. Thus, a layer is preferably represented as "fully cured" within the meaning of the present invention when more than 95% of the polymer component of the crosslinkable layer has crosslinks. A fully cured layer exists in particular when complete (>95%) crosslinking of its polymer component has been achieved. Furthermore, in particular, it is possible to physically dry a layer that is not yet fully cured. Thus, in particular, pre-curing and / or curing can be carried out by physical drying, and / or a layer that is not yet fully cured can preferably be physically dried.

[0027] Advantageously, at least one receiving layer preferably has at least one water-dispersible polymer, at least in the coatable area. This is, in each case independently of one another, selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyesters, their copolymers, and mixtures thereof, preferably selected from polyurethanes, polyurethane / polyacrylate copolymers, polyacrylates, and / or polymethacrylates, polyesters, and mixtures thereof. Here, preferably, at least one water-dispersible polymer is a polyurethane-containing polymer selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polyurethane / poly(meth)acrylate copolymers, and mixtures thereof.

[0028] The first protective layer is preferably manufactured based on at least one UV-crosslinkable and / or chemically crosslinkable polymer.

[0029] Furthermore, the first protective layer can have at least one chemically crosslinkable polymer, which is more preferably selected from the group consisting of isocyanate group-containing polymers, melamine-containing polymers, hydroxyl group-containing polymers, and mixtures thereof.

[0030] The first protective layer preferably has a combination of at least one chemically crosslinkable polymer. This includes or is at least one polymer and / or copolymer having at least one, preferably two or more, isocyanate groups and at least one, preferably two or more, hydroxyl groups and / or at least one melamine resin and at least one polymer and / or copolymer having at least one, preferably two or more, hydroxyl groups.

[0031] Furthermore, at least one UV-crosslinkable polymer of the first protective layer and / or at least one receiving layer can, in each case independently of one another, have at least one chemically crosslinkable functional group. The chemically crosslinkable functional group is preferably selected from hydroxyl groups, isocyanate groups, melamine groups, epoxide groups and combinations thereof.

[0032] Preferably, at least one UV-crosslinkable polymer further has at least one hydroxyl group.

[0033] Suitable UV-crosslinkable hydroxyl group-containing polymers are known from the prior art and include, for example, at least one diacrylate monomer, aliphatic polyether urethane diacrylate, aliphatic polyester urethane diacrylate, aromatic polyether urethane diacrylate, aromatic polyester urethane diacrylate, polyester diacrylate, polyether diacrylate, epoxy acrylate, acrylated acrylic diacrylate, polyacrylate monomer, aliphatic polyether urethane polyacrylate, aliphatic polyester urethane polyacrylate, aromatic polyether urethane polyacrylate, aromatic polyester urethane polyacrylate, polyester polyacrylate, polyether polyacrylate, epoxy acrylate, acrylated acrylic polyacrylate or mixtures thereof, and / or at least one hydroxymonoacrylate, hydroxy diacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aliphatic polyether urethane monoacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aliphatic polyester urethane monoacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aromatic polyether urethane monoacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aromatic polyester urethane monoacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized polyester monoacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized polyether monoacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized acrylated acrylic monoacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aliphatic polyether urethane diacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aliphatic polyester urethane diacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aromatic polyether urethane diacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aromatic polyester urethane diacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized polyester diacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized polyether diacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized epoxy diacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized acrylated acrylic diacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aliphatic polyether urethane polyacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aliphatic polyester urethane polyacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aromatic polyether urethane polyacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aromatic polyester urethane polyacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized polyester polyacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized polyether polyacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized epoxy polyacrylate,It contains hydroxy-functionalized acrylated acrylates or mixtures thereof.

[0034] As the melamine resin, in particular, those that can be obtained by reacting melamine with aldehydes and can be partially or completely modified in some cases are suitable.

[0035] In particular, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, and glyoxal are suitable as aldehydes.

[0036] The melamine formaldehyde resin is preferably the reaction product of the reaction of melamine with an aldehyde, the above aldehyde, in particular formaldehyde. The resulting methylol groups are preferably modified by etherification with a monohydric or polyhydric alcohol.

[0037] Furthermore, the first protective layer can have a pre-curing system and / or a hybrid system. In particular, the first protective layer has at least one UV-curable component composed of a UV-curable monomer and / or a UV-curable oligomer or a mixture thereof, and further, at least one binder selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyester resin, polycarbonate, phenol resin, epoxy resin, polyurea, melamine resin, preferably polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyester, polycarbonate (PC), and mixtures thereof.

[0038] Furthermore, the first protective layer can preferably contain at least one polyisocyanate. The term "polyisocyanate" preferably refers to an organic compound having two or more isocyanate groups, including triisocyanates and highly functional isocyanates. In certain embodiments, at least one polyisocyanate is selected from the group consisting of diisocyanate monomers, diisocyanate oligomers, diisocyanate-terminated prepolymers, diisocyanate-terminated polymers, polyisocyanate monomers, polyisocyanate oligomers, polyisocyanate-terminated prepolymers, polyisocyanate-terminated polymers, polyisocyanate-terminated polymers and mixtures thereof.

[0039] More preferably, at least one polyisocyanate contains or is at least one diisocyanate-containing component. The diisocyanate-containing component preferably includes at least one diisocyanate-containing polyurethane oligomer, diisocyanate-containing polyurea oligomer, its prepolymer, or a mixture thereof.

[0040] In certain embodiments, at least one polyisocyanate contains or is at least one diisocyanate-containing component. The at least one diisocyanate-containing component is preferably selected from the group consisting of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), phenylene diisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate, diphenyl sulfone diisocyanate, ethylene diisocyanate, propylene diisocyanate, dimers of these diisocyanates, trimers of these diisocyanates, triphenylmethane triisocyanate, polyphenylmethane polyisocyanate (polymeric MDI) and mixtures thereof.

[0041] In step d), at least one coating is preferably in the form of one or more printed layers and is applied, in particular, by digital printing, preferably by inkjet printing and / or pad printing and / or screen printing. Preferably, one or more printed layers of the component and / or in the application of at least one coating in step d) can each independently of one another contain or consist of inkjet printing ink and / or pad printing ink and / or screen printing ink and / or can contain or consist of UV printing ink, UV ink, solvent printing ink, and / or aqueous printing ink.

[0042] UV printing ink and / or UV ink are, in particular, curable by UV irradiation and preferably contain a corresponding photoinitiator. In particular, due to the possibility of curing by UV irradiation of at least one coating, in particular one or more printed layers, the advantage is achieved that they preferably form a particularly good adhesion to at least one receiving layer after complete curing.

[0043] In particular, preferably in the component and / or in the method for manufacturing the component, preferably in the application of at least one coating in step d), one or more layers of one or more printed layers contain at least one UV printing ink and / or at least one UV ink. These preferably contain or consist of monomers, in particular at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond, or oligomers, in particular at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond, or mixtures thereof.

[0044] Furthermore, in particular in the method for manufacturing the component, preferably in the application of at least one coating in at least step d), it is possible for at least one UV printing ink and / or at least one UV ink to contain the following composition and / or for at least one UV printing ink and / or UV ink of the component to be manufactured by the following composition. 2-(2-Vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate having a concentration in the range of particularly at least 50% by weight to less than 100% by weight (% by weight = weight percent); Oxybis(methyl-2,1-ethanediyl) diacrylate having a concentration in the range of particularly at least 10% by weight to less than 20% by weight; Diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide having a concentration in the range of particularly at least 3% by weight to less than 5% by weight; Phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide having a concentration in the range of particularly at least 1% by weight to less than 5% by weight; 2,6-Bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methylphenol having a concentration in the range of particularly at least 0.1% by weight to less than 0.25% by weight, based on the total weight of at least one UV printing ink and / or at least one UV ink;

[0045] The UV printing ink is preferably used for pad printing and / or screen printing. The UV ink is preferably used for inkjet printing. In particular, the viscosity of the UV printing ink, preferably the dynamic viscosity, can be higher than the viscosity of the UV ink, preferably the dynamic viscosity.

[0046] At least one coating for the following tests preferably comprises a printed layer having the above composition of the UV printing ink and / or the UV ink, and / or is manufactured with such a composition and is particularly fully cured.

[0047] In particular, for the method of manufacturing the transfer film in step III), the following characteristics and components are advantageous.

[0048] The application of the receiving layer in the method of manufacturing the transfer film in step III) preferably comprises the following steps. Step IIIa) applying at least one, preferably fluid, first coating component to at least a partial region of the surface of the first side of the carrier ply, wherein the at least one first coating component has at least one solvent and at least one water-dispersible polymer, which is selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyesters, their copolymers and their mixtures. Further, step IIIa) comprises at least partial curing of the at least one first coating component, in particular to obtain at least one receiving layer.

[0049] The at least partial curing in step IIIa) is preferably physical drying.

[0050] The first coating component preferably contains at least one water-dispersible polymer. The hydrolyzable polymer is selected from the group consisting of aqueous polyurethane dispersions, aqueous dispersions of polyurethane / polyacrylate copolymers, aqueous polyacrylates and / or polymethacrylate dispersions, aqueous polyester dispersions and their mixtures. Further, the first coating component can preferably contain at least one polyurethane-containing polymer. The polyurethane-containing polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polyurethane / poly(meth)acrylate copolymers and their mixtures.

[0051] The first coating component preferably contains at least one solvent consisting of water, an organic solvent, preferably an aliphatic alcohol such as ethanol, isopropanol, butanol or their mixtures.

[0052] The dynamic viscosity of the first coating component is preferably selected or to be selected according to the printing method, for example, in the case of the gravure printing method, according to the speed of the gravure printing cylinder and the grid. The first coating component preferably has a dynamic viscosity in the range of 10 mPas to 1000 mPas, preferably in the range of 50 mPas to 500 mPas, particularly the dynamic viscosity measured in the state immediately before step IIIa).

[0053] For example, water has a dynamic viscosity of 1 mPas. The very thin first coating component preferably has a dynamic viscosity of 50 mPas. The thick first coating component particularly has a dynamic viscosity of 500 mPas.

[0054] It is further beneficial that the application of the first protective layer in step III) comprises the following steps. IIIb) Applying at least one, preferably fluid, second coating component to at least a partial region of the surface of at least one side of the receiving layer opposite the carrier ply, wherein the at least one second coating component comprises at least one UV crosslinkable and / or chemically crosslinkable polymer.

[0055] Furthermore, step IIIb) particularly comprises at least partial curing of the at least one second coating component in order to obtain at least one first protective layer.

[0056] The at least partial curing in step IIIb) is preferably physical drying. In particular, it is conceivable that the first protective layer begins to dissolve at least one receiving layer before partial curing, and as a result, preferably a mixed layer is formed. In particular, at least the mixed layer is preferably at least partially cured by physical drying.

[0057] It is beneficial for at least one second coating component to have at least one UV-crosslinkable polymer and preferably also at least one chemically crosslinkable polymer. The polymer is more preferably selected from the group consisting of isocyanate group-containing polymers, melamine-containing polymers, hydroxyl group-containing polymers and mixtures thereof. Here, at least one second coating component can have at least one polymer and / or copolymer having at least one isocyanate group, at least one polymer and / or copolymer having at least one hydroxyl group and / or at least one melamine resin, and at least one polymer and / or copolymer having at least one hydroxyl group. In particular, chemical crosslinking is provided by the reaction of isocyanate groups with hydroxyl groups and / or achieved by the reaction of melamine resins with hydroxyl groups.

[0058] In particular, at least one UV-crosslinkable polymer further has at least one chemically crosslinkable functional group. This is preferably selected, in each case independently of one another, from hydroxyl groups, isocyanate groups, melamine groups, epoxide groups.

[0059] It is also possible for at least one UV-crosslinkable polymer to have at least one hydroxyl group.

[0060] For suitable hydroxyl group-containing polymers, melamine resins, aldehydes, melamine formaldehyde resins, pre-cured and / or hybrid systems, and polyisocyanates, reference is particularly made to the above description.

[0061] At least one receiving layer preferably has one or more of the following compositions, in particular in weight percent, preferably in the concentration ranges specified in each case based on the liquid state of at least one receiving layer.

[0062] [Table 1]

[0063] The liquid state of at least one receiving layer means, in particular, that the solvent has not yet leaked from at least one receiving layer. In particular, this also means the state of at least one receiving layer immediately before or after applying at least one receiving layer to the carrier ply in step III). The at least one receiving layer for the following tests preferably comprises the composition of the above components and / or is manufactured with such components and is in particular fully cured.

[0064] The first protective layer, in particular in the form of a protective varnish layer, preferably has one or more of the following compositions, in particular in weight percent, preferably in the concentration ranges specified in each case based on the liquid state of the first protective layer.

[0065] [Table 2]

[0066] The liquid state of the first protective layer means, in particular, that the solvent has not yet leaked from the first protective layer. In particular, this also means the state of the first protective layer immediately before or after applying the first protective layer to at least one receiving layer and / or the carrier ply in step III). The first protective layer for the following tests preferably comprises the composition of the above components and / or is manufactured with such components and is in particular fully cured.

[0067] The first protective layer and / or the second coating component is preferably a dual-curing system based on, for example, a hydroxyl-containing polyacrylate acrylate crosslinked with a melamine resin or comprises it.

[0068] The dual-curing system can be cured in particular in two curing steps based on a combination of chemical crosslinking and curing of a UV-crosslinkable polymer.

[0069] In particular, at least one receiving layer is a physical drying system, or is a physical drying system, or is produced thereby, in particular simply a physical drying system, or is a physical drying system, or can be produced thereby, and / or the first protective layer can be a system that dries physically and can be crosslinked chemically and / or by UV irradiation, or is a system, or can be produced thereby. In particular, the first and second coating components are, in each case, at least a system that dries physically or is based thereon. At least one receiving layer and / or the first coating component is, in particular, preferably a physical drying system formulated from a thermoplastic resin. In particular, the curing of the first coating component and / or at least one receiving layer is effected by physical drying, preferably simply by physical drying, and thus preferably simply by the release, in particular evaporation, of the solvent contained in the first coating component and / or at least one receiving layer.

[0070] The first protective layer and / or the second coating component is preferably chemically crosslinked in the transfer film and / or the component, and / or is preferably chemically crosslinked in the manufacturing method of the component.

[0071] In particular, the first protective layer and / or the second coating component can be different from at least one receiving layer and / or the first coating component in that the first protective layer and / or the second coating composition is chemically crosslinkable and / or curable by UV radiation.

[0072] The first protective layer preferably consists, in particular, of at least one chemically crosslinkable polymer, in particular an isocyanate group-containing polymer or a melamine-containing polymer or a hydroxyl group-containing polymer, or a mixture thereof, and is different from at least one receiving layer in that at least one receiving layer is based on a thermoplastic polymer and / or a thermoplastic resin.

[0073] Therefore, preferably, especially in the production method of at least one receiving layer and / or the first coating composition, especially the transfer film and / or the components, it is preferably not chemically crosslinkable or crosslinked, and / or not crosslinkable or crosslinked by UV radiation.

[0074] In step III), especially in step IIIa), at least one receiving layer is preferably applied to the carrier ply in the coatable area. Further, in step III), especially in step IIIb), the first protective layer is preferably applied to at least one receiving layer, at least in the coatable area, and optionally to the carrier ply outside the coatable area.

[0075] Preferably, the first protective layer in step III), preferably step IIIb), and / or at least one receiving layer in step III) are applied to the carrier ply and / or joined to the carrier ply by printing, especially gravure printing, and / or flexographic printing, and / or screen printing, and / or inkjet printing.

[0076] It is beneficial for the manufacturing method of the component to further comprise the following steps which are carried out after step d), especially before or after step e). f) A step of completely curing the protective layer composite, especially at least one receiving layer, and / or the first protective layer, and / or at least one coating.

[0077] In step f), the curable structure of the component, especially the protective layer composite and at least one coating, is preferably completely cured.

[0078] The curing of the first protective layer can also be considered to be carried out at least partially in a varnishing device and / or a printing device, in particular by UV irradiation after the application of at least one coating in step d).

[0079] Curing carried out in several sub-steps, for example pre-curing and / or complete curing of UV printing ink and / or UV ink, can also be carried out in a varnishing device and / or a printing device. It is also possible to cure the protective layer composite at least in regions. Furthermore, the complete curing of the entire part can be carried out by UV irradiation over the entire surface, in particular by irradiating the entire part or at least all UV-curable regions of the part.

[0080] In particular, in step f), the complete curing of the protective layer composite, in particular at least one receiving layer and / or the first protective layer, and / or at least one coating, is carried out by high-energy electromagnetic radiation, in particular UV irradiation, and / or by high-energy particle radiation, in particular electron beam radiation, and / or preferably by curing at least one receiving layer, the first protective layer, and / or at least one coating at a temperature in the range of 25 °C to 180 °C.

[0081] The irradiation is preferably carried out by high-energy electromagnetic radiation and / or high-energy particle radiation. The electromagnetic radiation is preferably UV radiation, in particular in a wavelength range of 100 nm to 390 nm, preferably 200 nm to 380 nm, particularly preferably 200 nm to 300 nm. The particle radiation is preferably electron beam radiation. For the complete curing in step f), preferably one or more irradiation units arranged after the printing device are used. Step f) is carried out in particular after step d).

[0082] For the complete curing in step f), the part, in particular at least one coating and / or the protective layer composite, preferably the first protective layer, and / or at least one receiving layer is 500 mW / cm2 ~700 mW / cm 2 It is irradiated with an irradiance in the range of. The UV dose is preferably 2000 mJ / cm 2 ~3500 mJ / cm 2 and is in the range of.

[0083] For the feasibility of step f) and / or the protective layer composite that is not yet fully cured, in particular at least one receiving layer that is not yet fully cured, and / or the first protective layer, and / or at least one coating that is not yet fully cured, a series of advantages arise. Thereby, the transfer film and / or the component can be deformed particularly easily compared to a transfer film or a component having a fully cured layer. Thereby, it is also ensured that in the case of curvature generation, in particular, the corresponding layer can stretch without causing cracks and other adverse effects. For example, during injection molding or deep drawing molding, particularly when the transfer film is deformed, the protective layer composite, in particular at least one receiving layer, and / or the first protective layer, and / or at least one coating can be post-cured to achieve its final hardness and durability.

[0084] Furthermore, particularly preferably, at least partial mutual transmission of the first protective layer, at least one receiving layer, and / or at least one coating is advantageously possible before complete curing, which preferably enables particularly good adhesion and durability in the cured state. After curing in step f), in particular, it becomes possible to achieve the following advantageous test results for the manufactured component.

[0085] The first protective layer preferably has a layer thickness in the range of 1 μm to 15 μm, preferably in the range of 2 μm to 8 μm, and preferably in the range of 2 μm to 5 μm. At least one receiving layer advantageously has a layer thickness in the range of 0.01 μm to 1 μm, preferably in the range of 0.05 μm to 0.5 μm. Such a relatively thin layer thickness of at least one receiving layer can, for example, particularly improve the necessary durability of the protective layer composite by the first protective layer to be retained and the coatability of the protective layer composite in the process.

[0086] At least one coating is preferably applied or being applied in the form of a pattern. At least one coating preferably comprises one or more of the following layers. Examples of the layers include one or more printing layers, one or more further transfer primers and / or one or more further transfer films.

[0087] Furthermore, at least one of the one or more further protective layers and / or the first protective layer can be a protective varnish layer.

[0088] The transfer layer is preferably peelable from the carrier primer. The carrier primer can have at least one release layer disposed between the carrier layer and the protective layer composite. The thickness of the release layer is particularly in the range of 0.1 nm to 100 nm. The release layer preferably contains or consists of at least one wax, such as polyethylene wax. The release layer preferably has a melting temperature in the range of 80 °C to 100 °C. The transfer primer, particularly at least one receiving layer, is preferably located in or disposed in the region of the side surface of the separation layer on the side opposite to at least one carrier layer. The carrier layer is preferably disposed on the protective layer composite, particularly at least one receiving layer and / or the first protective layer, with an adhesive force in the range of 2 cN to 50 cN, preferably in the range of 5 cN to 35 cN.

[0089] This method advantageously particularly has the following steps before step II). II) A step of applying a release layer to a carrier layer of a carrier ply such that the release layer preferably forms the surface of the carrier ply on which the protective layer composite is applied in at least a region in step III). The application of the release layer to the carrier layer of the carrier ply in step II) is preferably carried out by gravure printing and / or flexographic printing and / or inkjet printing.

[0090] The transfer ply preferably has one or more decorative layers including at least one decorative element on the side surface of the protective layer composite opposite to the carrier ply.

[0091] Furthermore, the one or more decorative layers including at least one decorative element are preferably selected, in each case independently of one another, from the group consisting of transparent and / or colored varnish layers. The group in particular consists of one or more dyes and / or pigments, replication layers having a shaped optically active surface structure, reflective layers, in particular opaque reflective layers, transparent reflective layers, metallic reflective layers or dielectric reflective layers, optically variable layers, optically active layers, interference multilayer systems, volume hologram layers, liquid crystal layers, in particular cholesteric liquid crystal layers, conductive layers, antenna layers, electrode layers, magnetic memory layers, barrier layers, and combinations thereof.

[0092] Alternatively or in addition thereto, the transfer ply can have one or more functional layers including at least one functional element on the side surface of the protective layer composite opposite to the carrier ply. Here, one or more of the one or more functional layers can overlap and / or be arranged adjacent to one or more of the one or more decorative layers. Also, one or more of the one or more functional layers can be arranged between one or more of the one or more decorative layers or on the side surface of one or more of the functional layers facing and / or opposite to the protective layer composite.

[0093] The functional elements are selected in particular from the group consisting of one or more electronic elements, in particular one or more conductive tracks, contact elements, LEDs, sensors, in particular touch sensors, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, antennas, in particular RFID elements, memories, processors, capacitors, resistors, microfluidic elements, and combinations thereof.

[0094] The component preferably comprises at least one decorative element, in particular one or more decorative layers comprising a transfer primer of a transfer film, and / or at least one functional element, in particular one or more functional layers comprising a transfer primer of a transfer film. In particular, in step a), the transfer primer preferably has, on the side facing its substrate, one or more decorative layers comprising at least one decorative element of the transfer primer of the transfer film, and / or one or more functional layers comprising at least one functional element of the transfer primer of the transfer film, in particular.

[0095] Preferably, at least one decorative element is arranged in one or more decorative layers and / or at least one functional element is arranged in one or more functional layers, in each case independently of one another, and each comprises a UV-crosslinkable varnish or a thermoplastically modifiable layer, and in each case independently of one another, is uncolored or colored or dyed.

[0096] The adhesion promoting layer is preferably arranged between the protective layer composite, in particular the first protective layer, and at least one decorative element and / or at least one functional element. Here, the adhesion promoting agent layer can comprise or consist of at least one acrylic resin. Furthermore, the adhesion promoting layer can preferably have a layer thickness in the range from 0.1 μm to 10 μm.

[0097] In particular, the protective layer composite preferably has at least partially decorative elements and / or functional elements, or it is also conceivable that it has none of these, for example.

[0098] The transfer ply can also have at least one varnish layer having a layer thickness in the range of preferably 0.5 μm to 10 μm. The varnish layer forms the surface of the transfer ply on the side opposite to the carrier ply. This varnish layer is preferably used for bonding to the substrate. The at least one varnish layer preferably comprises or consists of at least one adhesive selected from the group consisting of physically curable adhesives, chemically curable adhesives, pressure-sensitive adhesives, or mixtures thereof. Further, the at least one varnish layer can be a primer layer, and / or the primer layer can be arranged instead of the at least one varnish layer, and / or the primer layer can be arranged on the side of the at least one varnish layer opposite to the protective layer composite. In particular, the primer layer comprises or consists of a PVC copolymer and PMMA (PVC = polyvinyl chloride, PMMA = polymethyl methacrylate).

[0099] Furthermore, it is beneficial for the at least one receiving layer to have a roughness Ra in the range of 1 nm to 250 nm, preferably in the range of 5 nm to 100 nm. This roughness is measured in particular when the carrier ply is peeled off from the transfer ply and / or the first protective layer, and / or when the at least one receiving layer is not fully cured. As a result, in particular, the adhesion of the at least one coating to the at least one receiving layer is improved, and the durability of the protective layer composite having the at least one coating is improved.

[0100] In particular, for the fully cured first protective layer, the at least one receiving layer, and / or the at least one coating, preferably the test results described below are achieved.

[0101] The tests described below are preferably carried out in the test area of the component. The test area preferably comprises at least the coatable area, in particular the coating area having at least one coating, and preferably the coatable area outside the coating area, on the surface of the component on the side opposite the substrate. Furthermore, the test area can preferably also have the surface of the first protective layer.

[0102] The test area can also comprise the surface of at least the coatable area of the transfer ply of the transfer film on the side of at least one receiving layer having a test coating. To carry out the test, the transfer film is applied to the substrate, the carrier ply is peeled off from the transfer ply, and the test coating is applied to at least one receiving layer in the test area. The test coating is designed corresponding to at least one coating of the component, and the test coating and the protective layer composite are fully cured.

[0103] Surprisingly, it has been shown that no surface changes are detected in the test area during the detergent test.

[0104] During the detergent test, the surface in the test area is preferably brought into contact with the detergent, preferably at a temperature of 70 °C, for preferably 5 hours. The detergent is in particular a 1% detergent solution. In this example, it is preferably Persil®.

[0105] In particular, no surface changes are detected here in at least one coating or at least one receiving layer or the first protective layer. In particular, in the case of a surface having only the first protective layer without at least one receiving layer instead of the protective layer composite and / or only a conventional protective layer, no surface changes are likewise measured during such a detergent test. In particular, the chemical resistance fulfilling the requirements of the protective layer in the normal use of components preferably manufactured by the IMD method is thus achieved.

[0106] For example, it is further shown that a change in the first protective layer having at least one receiving layer is not detected in the test area, preferably using a Taber abrasion tester, preferably after at least 300 cycles, during an abrasion test according to ASTM D4060. The abrasion test is carried out in particular using a CS-10 Calibrase type of abrasive medium and / or a load of 1000 g. Here, preferably two abrasive media of the same type are used, and these abrasive media are preferably rolled on the surface of the test area in each cycle. The load is in particular the resulting load from the mass of the abrasive medium of the load arm and, where appropriate, the mass of additional weights, which determines the force acting on the surface within the test area in each case by the two abrasive media. In this case, a total weight of 1000 g per abrasive medium is obtained.

[0107] During an abrasion test according to ASTM D4060, the surface being tested is preferably checked for changes every 50 cycles and for the number of cycles until an error pattern is determined. Here, the error pattern means in particular that any change in the surface is distinguishable. In particular, the error pattern occurs only when at least 300 cycles have elapsed.

[0108] In particular, the abrasion resistance meeting the requirements of the protective layer in the normal use of parts manufactured by the IMD method is achieved in this way.

[0109] It is further shown that the resistance to scratching is preferably improved by at least one receiving layer, in particular at least one coating applied thereto. This can be tested in particular by means of a test using a test rod / test device of the type Erichsen, preferably model 318, in particular a scratch hardness test. The test tip of the test rod is preferably pulled on the surface of the test area.

[0110] The test chip preferably presses the surface of the test area with a force of 10 N. The test chip preferably exerts a force on at least one coating and has in particular a circular surface with a diameter of 0.75 mm. The test chip is preferably pulled across the test area at a speed of about 1.5 cm / s over a length of about 1 cm to 10 cm, preferably 5 cm.

[0111] Surprisingly, it is shown here that no scratches are detected on the surface of the test area, in particular on at least one coating of the protective layer composite and / or on at least one receiving layer in the area without at least one coating.

[0112] Thereby, it can be shown in particular that at least one coating adheres better to the receiving layer than the conventional layer.

[0113] Therefore, the protective layer composite, in particular at least one coating applied to the protective layer composite, enables in particular a mechanically resistant surface.

[0114] In particular, it is also possible to detect optical changes corresponding to a fixation level of 4 or more as chemical resistance, preferably measured using a Double Rub Solvent Cure Test in accordance with ASTM D4752. The fixation level is preferably determined with reference to a gray scale conforming to ISO 105 - A02. The chemical resistance is measured in particular on the surface of the test area in at least the coatable area, in particular together with the coated area having at least one coating and on the side surface of the part opposite the substrate. In particular, the test area can also comprise the surface of the first protective layer.

[0115] To measure chemical resistance (DELL) using the Double Rub Solvent Cure Test in accordance with ASTM D4752, a cloth immersed in MEK is preferably rubbed back and forth by hand on the surface of the test area. The cloth is preferably rubbed 50 times back and forth, and thus preferably rubbed 100 times on the surface. Next, the surface of the test area is rinsed with water or IPA. Here, MEK preferably represents methyl ethyl ketone. Here, IPA particularly represents isopropyl alcohol. The change in color of the surface of the test area is preferably measured particularly by the state before and after the cloth is rubbed on the surface respectively. Next, particularly to determine the optical change, a gray scale in accordance with ISO 105-A02 is preferably referred to, and 4 or more is detected and particularly determined. The gray scale is preferably used to evaluate the change in color. Preferably, there are 9 pairs of gray matte chips having different contrast levels on the gray scale. Regarding the color difference of the chip pairs, a fixing level from 1 (= strong color change) to 5 (= no color change) can preferably be determined in 4 half steps for a more accurate evaluation. For evaluation, particularly, the untreated surface in the state before the cloth is rubbed on the surface is preferably compared with the treated surface in the state after the cloth is rubbed on the surface, and the change in color is preferably visually evaluated using the chip pairs of the gray scale. The fixing level particularly enables conclusions to be drawn about how durable or non-discoloring a color sample is when exposed to preferably everyday stresses such as washing, light, water, or sweat. Therefore, the protective layer composite, particularly at least one coating applied thereto, enables the surface of a chemically resistant and colorfast part.

[0116] In particular, during the adhesion strength test, the adhesion strength measured on the surface of the test area in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2409:2013-06 is in the range of GT0 to GT1 and / or in the range of 5B to 4B in accordance with ASTM D3359-09, preferably test method B. Preferably, it has been advantageously shown that the protective layer composite, in particular the first protective layer and / or at least one receiving layer (4), and at least one coating are completely cured. In particular, it is conceivable that at least one coating and at least one receiving layer are preferably layers in which the minimum adhesion is dominant between them and / or which peel off from each other first during the adhesion strength test. Here, in particular, it is possible for the test area to be completely constituted by the coating area. In this case, it is also possible to determine such an adhesion strength, in particular in the area outside the coatable area and / or in the area having the first protective layer outside the coatable area.

[0117] The adhesion strength is measured in a cross-cut test, in particular in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2409:2013-06, preferably in accordance with the German version of DIN EN ISO 2409:2013-0 (Beschichtungsstoffe-Gitterschnittprufung [Paints and varnishes Cross-cut test], issue date June 2013). In particular, in each case, six cuts are made vertically, six cuts are made horizontally, and / or six further cuts running parallel are made in at least one coating from six cuts running parallel at 90°. Here, preferably a knife is used, preferably a stencil is used. The cuts penetrate, in particular, at least one receiving layer and / or the protective layer composite preferably to the depth of the undercoat and / or cut to the substrate. The cutting width is selected in particular according to the layer thickness of at least one coating and / or the protective layer composite, in particular the receiving layer, and / or the layer thickness of the first protective layer.

[0118] In the case of a protective layer composite, in particular where the layer thickness and / or layer thickness of at least one receiving layer and / or at least one coating of the first protective layer is less than 60 μm, the distance between the cuts is preferably about 1 mm.

[0119] In particular, in a top view of a protective layer composite having at least one coating, the cuts are preferably introduced into a square measurement area that completely encompasses the surface of the test area. Here, the measurement area preferably comprises at least one coating that covers at least a part of the surface. In particular, a transparent adhesive tape or adhesive crepe tape having an adhesiveness in the range of 6 N / 25 mm to 10 N / 25 mm is preferably affixed to the surface of the test area. The transparent adhesive tape or adhesive crepe tape is peeled off from the surface at an angle of preferably 60°, particularly in a cycle of 0.5 seconds to 1 second after sticking.

[0120] The evaluation is carried out in particular by visual evaluation of the surface of the test area and preferably by classification into cross-cut characteristic values from 0 (very good adhesion strength) to 5 (very poor adhesion strength), abbreviated as GT0 to GT5.

[0121] Alternatively or in addition, it is possible to determine the adhesion strength in accordance with ASTM D 3359-09, Test Method B.

[0122] The criteria for the classification of the corresponding characteristic values are preferably shown in the following table. In particular, the possible surfaces of the test area are schematically shown together with FIGS. 8a), 8b), 8c) and 8d).

[0123]

Table 3

[0124] Thus, in the range of GT0 to GT1 and / or 5B to 4B, it preferably means that a maximum of 5% of the area has flaked.

[0125] In particular, when there is no receiving layer, i.e., only the first protective layer and at least one coating are present and / or at least one coating is applied directly to the first protective layer, for example, the peeling of at least one coating from the surface occurs partially in the test area after a cross-cut test according to DIN EN ISO 2409:2013-06, in particular with results of GT4 to GT5, and preferably at least one coating overlaps the test area across the entire surface.

[0126] During the test, surprisingly, it was shown that the adhesion between the protective layer composite and at least one coating is improved by at least one receiving layer in which the durability of the protective layer composite does not change compared to the conventional protective layer. In particular, it was shown that the durability does not change even in the area without at least one coating compared to the conventional protective layer, and is even improved in the coating area with at least one coating. Surprisingly, in the coatable area that is probably not coated by at least one coating, the protective layer composite is thus preferably not less durable than the conventional coated or uncoated protective layer.

[0127] Therefore, the coatability of the protective layer composite is advantageously improved by the receiving layer, and the protective function of the protective layer composite is retained compared to the conventional protective layer, especially regardless of the design of the coating area with at least one coating.

[0128] The transfer film, in particular the protective layer composite, preferably with at least one receiving layer and / or the first protective layer, is advantageously designed to be able to achieve the above-mentioned adhesion strength and resistance of the component.

[0129] During the above test, at least one coating is preferably applied in the form of at least one UV printing ink and / or at least one UV ink, and is particularly preferably fully cured by UV irradiation, in particular on at least one receiving layer and preferably on the first protective layer.

[0130] Furthermore, in step b), it is possible to join the substrate to at least one surface of the transfer ply of the transfer film on the side opposite the carrier ply. This is done by adhesive bonding, hot stamping, lamination, or a combination thereof on at least one surface of a substrate selected from the group consisting of paper, plastic, wood, composite materials, glass, metal, and combinations thereof. Thereby, it is possible to select the substrate of the component from the group consisting of paper, plastic, wood, composite materials, glass, metal, and combinations thereof. Also, the substrate can comprise or consist of a plastic injection molding material. The plastic injection molding material preferably comprises or consists of a thermoplastic, a thermosetting plastic, or a mixture thereof. The substrate preferably comprises a plastic injection molding material consisting in particular of PMMA.

[0131] In particular, in order to carry out step b) for joining the substrate to the transfer ply, it is possible to carry out the following steps in a particularly specific order. b1) Placing the transfer film in the injection mold. b2) Back-injection molding the transfer film placed in the injection mold using a plastic injection molding material, in particular, the joining of the plastic injection molding material to the transfer ply is carried out by back-injection molding and / or the substrate is formed by the plastic injection molding material.

[0132] In particular, it is possible to make the component rigid. Preferably, the surface of the component, in particular the protective layer composite and at least one coating, can be curved and / or bent. The injection mold has and / or predefines the shape of the surface of the component 10.

[0133] In step b), particularly in step b2), during the joining of the substrate to the transfer ply, the substrate having at least one surface of the transfer film on the side opposite to the carrier ply is preferably covered at least in regions with a plastic injection molding material, the transfer film is placed in an injection molding mold, and the injection molding mold is filled with at least the plastic injection molding material. Furthermore, the injection molding mold can preferably be formed by two half - molds that are opened particularly before step b1) and closed before step b2).

[0134] Furthermore, it is conceivable that the transfer film is pre - modified and / or deep - drawn before step b1). Here, particularly for the above - mentioned stretchability, for example, in the case of a protective layer composite, particularly at least one receiving layer and / or the first protective layer, it is advantageous that they are not yet cured at least in regions.

[0135] Furthermore, the joining of the substrate to at least one transfer ply in step b) and the peeling of the carrier ply in step c) can be carried out using spatial separation. Thus, preferably, there is a spatial separation between the joining of the substrate to at least one transfer ply in step b) and the peeling of the carrier ply in step c). Here, it is possible to temporarily store and / or transport the parts. Particularly, at another manufacturing site, it is possible to individualize the parts by applying at least one coating.

[0136] The following steps are advantageously carried out after step b), particularly before step c), after step c), and particularly before step d), and / or after step d). e) Removing the substrate having the transfer ply from the injection molding mold.

[0137] In particular, in order to carry out step d), it is possible to arrange a substrate having a transfer primer in a printing device, in particular a digital printer, preferably an inkjet printer. Here, the detachment of the carrier primer from the transfer primer bonded to the substrate can be carried out, for example, first in the printing device and / or in particular before being arranged in the printing device, in particular immediately beforehand. Furthermore, it is possible to detach the carrier primer immediately after the bonding of the transfer primer to the substrate in step b) and / or before the detachment of the substrate having the transfer primer from the injection molding die in step e). Thus, preferably, the carrier primer is still detached in the injection molding tool using the injection molding die, especially when the method is an IMD method.

[0138] Thereby, a flexible and reliable method is advantageously ensured and the individualization of the parts is improved.

[0139] In step d), the application of one or more layers of at least one coating in a first region to at least one receiving layer is carried out, and optionally it is also possible that at least one coating is not applied in a second region of the protective layer composite.

[0140] A second transfer film having a second transfer primer is preferably applied to the protective layer composite at least in the first region and optionally in the second region. Next, the second transfer film is detached from the protective layer composite having at least one coating, preferably in the second region, in particular together with at least one carrier layer of the second transfer film, so that the second transfer primer remains in the region of at least one receiving layer at least in the first region. The first region is preferably completely encompassed by the coatable region.

[0141] The application of at least one coating can particularly preferably be carried out by cold stamping, and the at least one coating particularly preferably comprises at least one UV printing layer consisting of at least one UV printing ink and / or at least one UV ink, and a further transfer primer applied thereto.

[0142] Furthermore, only a partial region of the first region is completely constituted by the coatable region, and in particular, at least one coating is also applied to the first protective layer in at least the region during the application to at least one receiving layer. Next, it is conceivable that the second transfer film is peeled off from the protective layer composite having at least one coating so that the second transfer primer remains only in the partial region of the first region constituted by the coatable region.

[0143] Furthermore, the at least one coating can be modified and / or structured by arranging particles in / on at least one receiving layer preferably before and / or during and / or after the application of the at least one coating in step d), in particular after step c), and / or by using a tool structure during the application in step d), and / or by subsequent laser processing, overprinting and / or overstamping of the at least one coating.

[0144] It is particularly advantageous if the following steps are carried out in the following order: a), b), e), c), d), f).

[0145] In particular, it is conceivable to use the component as a vehicle part, in particular an interior trim and / or an exterior trim of a vehicle, in particular a white part and / or a housing part and / or an external part of a household electrical appliance, and / or as a display window of an electronic device.

[0146] Hereinafter, the present invention will be illustratively described with reference to some embodiments using the accompanying drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0147]

Figure 1a

Figure 1b

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5a

Figure 5b

Figure 5c

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0148] Figure 1a schematically shows a cross-section in an exploded view of a transfer film 1, and the transfer film 1 is particularly for decorating casing parts of automobiles or home electric appliances. The transfer film 1 is preferably an IMD transfer film. The transfer film 1 includes a carrier ply 3. The carrier ply 3 includes at least one carrier layer 31.

[0149] Carrier ply 3 is disposed on transfer ply 2. Transfer ply 2 has a protective layer composite 21. The protective layer composite 21 includes a first protective layer 5 and at least one receiving layer 4. The at least one receiving layer 4 includes at least one coating for coating transfer ply 2 in a coatable region 41. The at least one receiving layer 4 is particularly disposed on the first protective layer 5. The at least one receiving layer 4 is further disposed with respect to a first surface of transfer ply 2 facing carrier ply 3. The surface of transfer ply 2 having the at least one receiving layer 4 is preferably directly adjacent to the surface of carrier ply 3.

[0150] Preferably, in the case of observation perpendicular to the plane extended by the at least one receiving layer 4, the coatable region 41 is particularly extended by the at least one receiving layer 4. The coatable region 41 can overlap with carrier ply 3 and / or the first protective layer 5 in at least a region or over the entire surface. In particular, the first protective layer 5 is applied to the at least one receiving layer 4 at least in the coatable region 41, optionally to the outer carrier ply 3, and / or the at least one receiving layer 4 is applied to carrier ply 3 in the coatable region 41.

[0151] The coatable region 41 preferably consists of one or more continuous regions and / or is particularly patterned. It is also conceivable that the coatable region 41 consists of one or more regions separated from each other. The coatable region, in the case of observation perpendicular to the plane extended by the first protective layer 5 and / or the at least one receiving layer 4, is preferably completely constituted by the first protective layer 5.

[0152] The coatable area 41 is preferably, in particular, in an intermediate step for manufacturing a component having at least the protective layer composite 21, preferably in such a way that reliable adhesion of at least one coating in the coatable area is ensured. Thus, in particular, the transfer film 1 is preferably an intermediate product that can be coated and / or is coated by at least one coating 6 in a further process in the coatable area 41.

[0153] The carrier ply 3 and / or at least one carrier layer 31 preferably comprises or consists of PET (= polyethylene terephthalate). Here, the carrier ply 3 in particular has a layer thickness of 50 μm. The carrier ply 3 can also have a layer thickness in the range of 1 μm to 100 μm.

[0154] The first protective layer can be a protective varnish layer. Preferably, the first protective layer 5 of the transfer film 1 is not yet fully cured and / or is chemically crosslinkable and is preferably pre-cured by physical drying, at least in particular areas. The first protective layer 5 can preferably be fully cured by irradiation, in particular UV irradiation. Here, the first protective layer 5 is preferably a dual-curing system based on or containing, for example, a hydroxyl-containing polyacrylate ester crosslinked with a melamine resin.

[0155] The dual-curing system can in particular be cured in two curing steps based on a combination of chemical crosslinking and curing of a UV-crosslinkable polymer. In particular, UV curing is preferably very slow and is carried out only after joining the substrate to the transfer ply 2 in step b), preferably in an IMD process, in particular only after applying at least one coating 6 to the transfer ply 2 in step d). In particular, UV curing preferably does not occur during the manufacturing method of the transfer film 1 or during application. In particular, preferably the UV ink of a digital printer is partially cured by irradiation from at least one UV LED.

[0156] At least one receiving layer 4 is pre-cured or cured, in particular, by physical drying and / or physical drying. At least one receiving layer 4 is preferably not completely cured in at least the region in the coatable region 41.

[0157] Therefore, the protective layer composite 21 is not yet completely cured in at least the region. In particular, the protective layer composite 21 can be pre-cured in at least the region by chemical means and / or irradiation, preferably UV irradiation, and / or completely cured in at least the region by irradiation, preferably UV irradiation.

[0158] The first protective layer 5 preferably has at least one UV-crosslinkable polymer. The UV-crosslinkable polymer within the scope of the present invention preferably has at least one, preferably two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds.

[0159] Furthermore, it is possible to have at least one water-dispersible polymer in at least one receiving layer 4, preferably at least in the coatable region 41. The water-dispersible polymers are each independently selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyesters, copolymers, and mixtures thereof, preferably selected from polyurethanes, polyurethane / polyacrylate copolymers, polyacrylates and / or polymethacrylates, polyesters, and mixtures thereof. The at least one water-dispersible polymer is preferably a polyurethane-containing polymer selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polyurethane / poly(meth)acrylate copolymers, and mixtures thereof.

[0160] The first protective layer 5 is preferably produced based on at least one UV-crosslinkable and / or chemically crosslinkable polymer.

[0161] Furthermore, the first protective layer 5 can have at least one chemically crosslinkable polymer. The chemically crosslinkable polymer is more preferably selected from the group consisting of isocyanate group-containing polymers, melamine-containing polymers, hydroxyl group-containing polymers, and mixtures thereof.

[0162] The first protective layer 5 preferably has a combination of at least one chemically crosslinkable polymer, which includes at least one polymer and / or copolymer having at least one, preferably two or more, isocyanate groups, and at least one, preferably two or more, hydroxyl groups and / or at least one melamine resin, and / or at least one polymer and / or copolymer having at least one, preferably two or more, hydroxyl groups.

[0163] Furthermore, at least one UV crosslinkable polymer of the first protective layer 5 and / or at least one receiving layer 4 can each independently have at least one chemically crosslinkable functional group in each case. The chemically crosslinkable functional group is preferably selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl groups, isocyanate groups, melamine groups, epoxide groups, and combinations thereof.

[0164] Preferably, at least one UV crosslinkable polymer further has at least one hydroxyl group.

[0165] Suitable UV-crosslinkable hydroxyl group-containing polymers are known from the prior art and include, for example, at least one diacrylate monomer, aliphatic polyetherurethane diacrylate, aliphatic polyesterurethane diacrylate, aromatic polyetherurethane diacrylate, aromatic polyesterurethane diacrylate, polyester diacrylate, polyether diacrylate, epoxy acrylate, acrylated acrylic diacrylate, aliphatic polyetherurethane polyacrylate, aliphatic polyesterurethane polyacrylate, aromatic polyetherurethane polyacrylate, aromatic polyesterurethane polyacrylate, polyester polyacrylate, polyether polyacrylate, epoxy polyacrylate, acrylated acrylic polyacrylate, or mixtures thereof, and / or at least one hydroxymonoacrylate, hydroxydiacrylate, hydroxypolyacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aliphatic polyetherurethane monoacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aliphatic polyesterurethane monoacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aromatic polyetherurethane monoacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aromatic polyesterurethane monoacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized polyester monoacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized polyether monoacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized epoxy monoacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized acrylated acrylic monoacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aliphatic polyetherurethane diacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aliphatic polyesterurethane diacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aromatic polyetherurethane diacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aromatic polyesterurethane diacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized polyester diacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized polyether diacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized epoxy diacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized acrylated acrylic diacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aliphatic polyetherurethane polyacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aliphatic polyesterurethane polyacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aromatic polyetherurethane polyacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized aromatic polyesterurethane polyacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized polyester polyacrylate, hydroxy-functionalized polyether polyacrylate,It contains a hydroxy-functionalized epoxy polyacrylate, a hydroxy-functionalized acrylated acrylate, or a mixture thereof.

[0166] As the melamine resin, those that can be obtained by reacting melamine with an aldehyde and can be optionally partially or completely modified are particularly suitable.

[0167] As the aldehyde, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, and glyoxal are particularly preferred.

[0168] The melamine formaldehyde resin is preferably the reaction product of the reaction between melamine and an aldehyde, for example, the above aldehyde, particularly formaldehyde. The resulting methylol groups are preferably modified by etherification with a monohydric or polyhydric alcohol.

[0169] Furthermore, the first protective layer 5 can have a pre-curing system and / or a hybrid system. In particular, the first protective layer 5 can be selected from UV-curable monomers and / or UV-curable oligomers, or a mixture thereof. The mixture contains at least one binder selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyester resin, polycarbonate, phenol resin, epoxy resin, polyurea, melamine resin, preferably polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyester, polycarbonate (PC), and mixtures thereof.

[0170] Furthermore, the first protective layer can contain at least one of the above polyisocyanates.

[0171] In particular, the first protective layer 5 and at least one receiving layer 4 and / or the first and second coating compositions are in any case systems that at least physically dry. The at least one receiving layer 4 and / or the first coating composition is in particular at least a physically drying layer preferably formulated from a thermoplastic. In particular, the first protective layer 5 and / or the second coating composition can be different from the at least one receiving layer 4 and / or the first coating composition in that the first protective layer 5 and / or the second coating composition is chemically crosslinkable and / or curable by UV radiation.

[0172] The first protective layer 5 is preferably different from the at least one receiving layer 4 in that the first protective layer 5 consists of at least one chemically crosslinkable polymer, in particular an isocyanate group-containing polymer or a melamine-containing polymer or a hydroxyl group-containing polymer or a mixture thereof, and the at least one receiving layer 4 is based on a thermoplastic polymer and / or a thermoplastic resin.

[0173] Thus, preferably, in particular, the at least one receiving layer 4 and / or the first coating composition can preferably not be chemically crosslinkable or not crosslinked and / or not crosslinkable or not crosslinked by UV radiation. In particular, the curing of the first coating composition and / or the at least one receiving layer 4 is carried out by normal drying, preferably simply by normal drying, and thus preferably simply by the release of the solvent contained in the first coating composition and / or the at least one receiving layer 4. Thus, the at least one receiving layer 4 is preferably a system that simply physically dries or is dried for the transfer film and / or the part. The first protective layer 5 and / or the second coating composition is preferably a system that physically dries, which is preferably still chemically crosslinkable in the transfer film 1 and / or preferably is still chemically crosslinkable or is chemically crosslinked in the part 10.

[0174] Furthermore, at least one receiving layer 4 preferably has a roughness Ra in the range of 1 nm to 250 nm, preferably in the range of 5 nm to 100 nm. The roughness is measured particularly when the carrier ply 3 is peeled from the transfer ply 2 and / or when the first protective layer 5 and / or at least one receiving layer 4 are not yet fully cured. As a result, in particular, the adhesion of at least one coating to at least one receiving layer is improved, and the durability of the protective layer composite 21 having at least one coating is improved.

[0175] The first protective layer 5 has a layer thickness of, for example, 3 μm. In particular, it is beneficial for the first protective layer 5 to have a layer thickness in the range of 1 μm to 15 μm, preferably in the range of 2 μm to 8 μm, preferably in the range of 2 μm to 5 μm.

[0176] Here, at least one receiving layer 4 has a layer thickness of, for example, 0.5 μm. In particular, it is beneficial for at least one receiving layer 4 to have a layer thickness in the range of 0.01 μm to 1 μm, preferably in the range of 0.05 μm to 0.5 μm.

[0177] Such a relatively thin layer thickness of at least one receiving layer 4 makes it possible, for example, in particular, to maintain the required durability of the protective layer composite 21 by the first protective layer 5 and to improve the coating property of the protective layer composite 21.

[0178] In particular, the transfer ply 2 is peelable from the carrier ply 3. Furthermore, it is beneficial for the carrier ply 3 to be disposed on the protective layer composite 21, particularly at least one receiving layer 4 and / or the first protective layer 5, with an adhesive force in the range of 2 cN to 50 cN, preferably in the range of 5 cN to 35 cN.

[0179] As shown in FIG. 1b, the carrier ply 3 is preferably disposed between the carrier layer 31 and the protective layer composite 21 and preferably has at least one release layer 32 containing or consisting of at least one wax.

[0180] The release layer 32 preferably contains or consists of polyethylene wax, and in particular has a melting temperature in the range of 80°C to 100°C. The transfer ply 2, in particular at least one receiving layer 4, is preferably arranged or to be arranged in the region of the side surface of the release layer 32 on the side opposite to at least one carrier layer 31. The release layer 32 preferably has a layer thickness in the range of 0.1 nm to 50 nm.

[0181] Figure 2 shows the transfer film 1 shown in Figure 1a, where the transfer ply 2 has a decorative layer 22 on the side surface of the protective layer composite 21 on the side opposite to the carrier ply 3. Here, in particular, it is also possible that there is a release layer 32 as shown in Figure 1b. The decorative layer 22 preferably contains at least one decorative element. For example, instead of one decorative layer 22, the transfer ply 2 can also have several decorative layers having at least one decorative element. As further schematically shown in Figure 2, it is also possible that the shown layers overlap over the entire surface.

[0182] The decorative layer 22, in particular several decorative layers, preferably, in each case independently of one another, are selected from the group consisting of a transparent and / or colored varnish layer containing one or more dyes and / or pigments, a replication layer having a formed optically active surface structure, a reflective layer, in particular an opaque reflective layer, a transparent reflective layer, a metallic reflective layer or a dielectric reflective layer, an optically variable layer, an optically active layer, an interference multilayer system, a volume hologram layer, a liquid crystal layer, in particular a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, a conductive layer, an antenna layer, an electrode layer, a magnetic layer, a magnetic memory layer, a barrier layer, and combinations thereof.

[0183] Furthermore, an adhesion promoting layer (not shown in more detail) can be arranged between the protective layer composite 21, in particular the first protective layer 5 and at least one decorative element. The adhesion promoter layer preferably contains or consists of at least one acrylic resin and preferably has a layer thickness in the range of up to 10 μm, in particular 0.1 μm to 10 μm.

[0184] Furthermore, the transfer ply 2 can have one or more functional layers containing at least one functional element on the side surface of the protective layer composite 21 on the side opposite to the carrier ply 3. Thus, the functional element can be present especially instead of or in addition to at least one decorative element. Thus, one or more of the one or more functional layers can also overlap and / or be arranged adjacent to one or more of the one or more decorative layers 22. Also, one or more of the one or more functional layers can be arranged between one or more of the one or more decorative layers 22 or on the side surfaces of one or more decorative layers 22 facing and / or opposite to the protective layer composite 21.

[0185] The functional element is preferably selected from the group consisting of one or more electronic elements, especially one or more conductive tracks, contact elements, LEDs, sensors, especially touch sensors, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, antennas, especially RFID elements, memories, processors, capacitors, resistors, microfluidic elements, and combinations thereof.

[0186] Figure 3 shows the transfer film 1 shown in Figure 2, but the carrier ply 3 further has a release layer 32, as shown for example in Figure 1b, and the transfer film 1 has several decorative layers 22 and an optional varnish layer 23. The varnish layer 23 is arranged on the surface of the transfer ply 2 on the side opposite to the carrier ply 3.

[0187] Thereby, the transfer ply 2 can have at least one varnish layer 23 that forms the surface of the transfer ply 2 on the side opposite to the carrier ply 3. The at least one varnish layer 23 preferably has a layer thickness in the range of at most 10 μm, in particular 0.5 μm to 10 μm. Preferably, the at least one varnish layer comprises or consists of at least one adhesive selected from the group consisting of physically curable adhesives, chemically curable adhesives, pressure-sensitive adhesives, or mixtures thereof. The at least one varnish layer 23 can be a primer layer, and the primer layer can be arranged instead of the at least one varnish layer 23 or on the side of the at least one varnish layer 23 opposite to the protective layer composite 21. In particular, the primer layer comprises or consists of a PVC copolymer and PMMA (PVC = polyvinyl chloride, PMMA = polymethyl methacrylate).

[0188] Furthermore, at least one decorative element can be arranged in one or more of the decorative layers of the decorative layer 22, and the decorative layers each independently of one another in each case contain a UV-crosslinkable varnish or a thermoplastically modifiable layer and are each independently of one another in each case uncolored, colored, or dyed. In each case, it is also conceivable that the decorative element is arranged in each layer of the decorative layer 22.

[0189] Figure 4 shows, in an exploded view, part 10, in particular a casing part of a motor vehicle or a domestic electrical appliance. Part 10 comprises a substrate 11 and at least one transfer ply 2 of a transfer film 1 arranged on at least one surface of the substrate 11 in at least one region. For the design of the transfer film 1, reference is made in particular to the above description. The transfer film 1 is designed, for example, as described in connection with FIGS. 1a, 1b, 2, 3 or 4 and / or manufactured as described in connection with FIG. 6. The transfer ply 2 comprises a protective layer composite 21 having a first protective layer 5 and at least one receiving layer 4. The at least one receiving layer 4 is arranged in a coatable region 41 on the first protective layer 5 and on the side of the transfer ply 2 opposite the substrate 11.

[0190] In particular, the substrate 11 can be selected from the group consisting of paper, plastic, wood, composite materials, glass, metal and combinations thereof. For example, the substrate 11 is a plastic injection molding material that particularly contains or consists of PMMA.

[0191] As schematically shown in FIG. 4, part 10 can in particular also comprise at least one transfer film 1 arranged on at least one surface of the substrate 11 in at least one region and in particular having a carrier ply 3 of the transfer film 1. The protective layer composite 21 is not yet fully cured and / or is at least partially curable. Thus, preferably part 10 as an intermediate product is still protected by the carrier ply 3, which can be peeled off only immediately before the application of at least one coating or preferably only after joining at least the transfer ply 2 to the substrate 11. In particular, for the curing of at least one coating and the protective layer composite 21 after the application of at least one coating, the protective function is taken over by the protective layer composite 21 and at least one coating.

[0192] Figure 5a shows the component 10 shown in Figure 4, but without the carrier ply 3 of the transfer film 1. Here, it is possible to peel off the carrier ply 3 shown in particular in Figure 4. Thus, the component 10 preferably has at least the transfer ply 2 of the transfer film 1, as shown, for example, in one of Figures 1a, 1b, 2 or 3.

[0193] Thus, the component 10 can comprise the one or more decorative layers 22 containing at least one decorative element and / or the one or more functional layers containing at least one functional element as described above.

[0194] Furthermore, the component 10 can be provided with a decorative or functional element, for example, introduced before, during or after joining the substrate 11 to at least one transfer ply 2. The at least one functional element preferably comprises, in each case independently of one another, a UV-crosslinkable varnish or a thermoplastically modifiable layer and is arranged, in each case independently of one another, in one or more functional layers which are not colored, colored or dyed.

[0195] In particular, here, the coatable region 41 can form at least in regions the outside of the component 10. Thus, Figure 5a shows in particular the component 10 in a state in which the coatable region 41 is to be coated next.

[0196] Figure 5b shows in particular the component 10 shown in Figure 5a, but at least one coating 6 is applied in the coating region 42 of the coatable region 41, at least in regions, here in particular over the entire surface, and the coating region 42 overlaps the coatable region 41 in regions. Here, the coating region 42 can be patterned. Also, the coating region 42 can overlap the coatable region 41 over the entire surface.

[0197] Here, at least one coating 6 and / or the protective layer composite 21 is / are not yet fully cured and / or is / are curable. It is also possible to fully cure at least one coating 6 and / or the protective layer composite 21, in particular at least one receiving layer 4 and / or the first protective layer 5. Thus, it is possible to protect the component 10 by means of the protective layer composite 21 and at least one coating 6 and, for example, to individualize it by means of at least one coating 6.

[0198] At least one coating 6 shown in FIG. 5b is in particular a printing layer of UV printing ink or UV ink.

[0199] In particular, at least one coating 6 can comprise one or more of the following layers. Examples of the layers include one or more printing layers, one or more further protective layers, one or more further transfer primers and / or one or more further transfer films. In particular, when at least one coating 6 includes one or more further protective layers, the one or more further protective layers are preferably arranged only in the region of the coatable region 41, so that, in particular, the protective layer composite in the coatable region 41 further forms the outermost surface of the component 10 having a protective function. In particular, when at least one coating 6 includes one or more printing layers, these preferably form the outermost surface of the component 10 having a protective function at least in the region.

[0200] One or more printing layers preferably each independently of one another, in particular, contain or consist of inkjet printing ink and / or pad printing ink and / or screen printing ink, and / or preferably contain or consist of UV printing ink, UV ink, solvent printing ink and / or aqueous printing ink. The UV printing ink is preferably used for pad printing and / or screen printing. The UV ink is preferably used for inkjet printing. In particular, the viscosity of the UV printing ink, preferably the dynamic viscosity, can be higher than the viscosity of the UV ink, preferably the dynamic viscosity. The UV printing ink and / or the UV ink are particularly curable by UV irradiation and preferably contain a corresponding photoinitiator.

[0201] In particular, one or more layers of the one or more printing layers contain at least one UV printing ink and / or at least one UV ink, which preferably contain or consist of a monomer having at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond or an oligomer having at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond or a mixture thereof.

[0202] Furthermore, at least one UV printing ink and / or at least one UV ink can have one or more of the following components. 2-(2-Vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate having a concentration in particular in the range of at least 50% by weight to less than 100% by weight; Oxydibis(methyl-2,1-ethanediyl) diacrylate having a concentration in particular in the range of at least 10% by weight to less than 20% by weight; Diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide having a concentration in particular in the range of at least 3% by weight to less than 5% by weight; Phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide having a concentration in particular in the range of at least 1% by weight to less than 5% by weight; Preferably, in each case, 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methylphenol having a concentration in the range of at least 0.1 wt% to less than 0.25 wt%, in particular, with respect to the total weight of at least one UV printing ink and / or at least one UV ink.

[0203] Furthermore, at least one of the one or more additional protective layers can be a protective varnish layer.

[0204] Preferably, one or more layers of the one or more printing layers have a layer thickness in the range of up to 5 mm, in particular 0.2 mm to 5 mm. It is also possible for one or more layers of the one or more additional protective layers to have a layer thickness in the range of up to 5 mm, in particular 0.2 mm to 5 mm. In particular, at least one coating 6 can have such a layer thickness.

[0205] The above test is preferably carried out in the test area of the component 10. At least one coating 6 and / or the protective layer composite 21 is preferably fully cured, and the corresponding test results are preferably achieved, in particular, in the fully cured state of at least one coating 6 and the protective layer composite 21. The test area preferably comprises the surface of the component 10 on the side opposite to the substrate 11 in at least the coatable area 41 having a coatable area 42, preferably having at least one coating 6, and preferably an uncoatable area 41 outside the coatable area 42. Furthermore, the test area can preferably have the surface of the first protective layer 5.

[0206] The test area can also be provided with the surface of the coatable area 41 of the transfer ply 2 of the transfer film 1 on the side surface of the receiving layer 4 having the test coating. To carry out the test, the transfer film 1 is applied to the base, the carrier ply 3 is peeled off from the transfer ply 2, the test coating is applied to at least one receiving layer 4 in the test area, the test coating is designed to correspond to at least one coating of the part 10, and the test coating and the protective layer composite 21 are fully cured.

[0207] At least one coating 6 and the protective layer composite 21 advantageously enable mechanical and chemical durability products. This product has a coating that adheres particularly well and can be further coated with this coating, especially in a substantially finished state. As a result, in addition to durability, preferably, for example, the flexibility and individuality in the manufacture of parts are enhanced. Thus, in particular, at least one coating 6 has two functions, for example, as an information carrier for the observer and as a protective layer. For advantageous test results, reference is particularly made to the above description.

[0208] The criteria for the classification of the corresponding characteristic values of the cross-cut test are preferably shown in the following table. In particular, the possible surfaces of the test area are schematically shown together with FIGS. 8a), 8b), 8c) and 8d).

[0209]

Table 4

[0210] Thus, in the range of GT0 to GT1 and / or 5B to 4B, preferably, it means that a maximum of 5% and / or 0% to 5% of the area is flaked.

[0211] FIG. 5c schematically shows, in an exploded view, the part 10 having the transfer ply 2, preferably as shown in FIG. 3, particularly as shown in FIG. 5b.

[0212] The component 10, as described in particular in connection with FIGS. 5b and / or 5c, is used, for example, as a vehicle component, in particular as an interior and / or exterior vehicle trim, in particular as a white article and / or as a housing or exterior component of a household appliance, and / or as a display window for an electronic device.

[0213] FIGS. 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b and 5c are in particular exploded views, each showing a cross-section of the transfer film 1 and / or the component 10. Here, the layers of the transfer film 1 and / or the component 10, as well as the substrate 11, in particular at least one coating 6, can have surfaces. The surfaces are depicted directly adjacent to each other in at least regions of the component 10 or the transfer film 1, or preferably form a transition region having a transition layer and / or a mixed layer between layers having adjacent surfaces depicted adjacent to each other. Furthermore, for example, the surfaces of the transfer film 1 and / or the component 10, as well as the surface of the substrate 11, in particular the surface of at least one coating 6, can be curved or bent in at least regions. These surfaces extend in particular in a plane in the top view of the exploded view in cross-section.

[0214] FIG. 6 shows a method for manufacturing the transfer film 1 as shown in particular in FIGS. 1a, 1b, 2, 3 and / or 4. In this method, the following steps are carried out in a particularly specified order. I) Providing at least one carrier layer 31 of the carrier ply 3; III) Applying the transfer ply 2 to the carrier ply 3, the transfer ply 2 having a protective layer composite 21, the protective layer composite 21 comprising a first protective layer 5 and at least one receiving layer 4 for coating the transfer ply 2 in a coatable region 41 having at least one coating 6, the at least one receiving layer 4 being arranged on the first protective layer 5 and the at least one receiving layer 4 being arranged with respect to the first surface of the transfer ply 2 facing the carrier ply 3.

[0215] In particular, it is possible to perform further steps between step I) and step III) and / or in order to perform step III).

[0216] In particular, in step III), at least one receiving layer 4 is applied to the carrier ply 3 in the coatable area 41, and the first protective layer 5 is applied to at least one receiving layer 4 at least in the coatable area 41 and optionally also to the carrier ply 3 outside the coatable area 41.

[0217] The first protective layer 5 preferably starts to dissolve at least one receiving layer 4 such that a mixing layer is formed between at least one receiving layer 4 and the first protective layer 5 or from at least one receiving layer 4 and the first protective layer 5. Thus, at least one receiving layer 4 and / or the mixing layer preferably form a surface that is more easily dissolved by at least one coating 6, preferably in the form of UV printing ink. Thereby, the adhesion to at least one coating 6 can be improved.

[0218] Furthermore, it is possible to apply the first protective layer 5 and / or at least one receiving layer 4 to the carrier ply 3 in step III) by printing, in particular by gravure printing and / or flexographic printing and / or inkjet printing.

[0219] For example, it is also possible to perform the following steps, preferably before step III). II) A step of applying a release layer 32 to the carrier layer 31 of the carrier ply 3 such that the release layer 32 preferably forms the surface of the carrier ply 3 where the protective layer composite 21 is applied at least in the area of step III). The application of the release layer 32 of the carrier ply 3 to the carrier layer 31 in step II) is preferably carried out by gravure printing and / or flexographic printing and / or inkjet printing.

[0220] The application of at least one receiving layer 4 in step III) preferably comprises the following steps. IIIa) Applying at least one, preferably fluid, first coating composition to at least a partial area of the surface of the first side of the carrier ply 3 and at least partially curing the at least one first coating composition to obtain at least one receiving layer 4, wherein the at least one first coating composition has at least one solvent and at least one water-dispersible polymer, which is selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyester, their copolymers and their mixtures. The at least partial curing in step IIIa) is preferably physical drying. Thus, the first coating composition is particularly physically dry. Here, in particular, it is possible not to carry out curing by chemical crosslinking and / or UV irradiation.

[0221] The first coating composition preferably comprises at least one water-dispersible polymer selected from the group consisting of aqueous polyurethane dispersions, aqueous dispersions of polyurethane / polyacrylate copolymers, aqueous polyacrylates and / or polymethacrylate dispersions, aqueous polyester dispersions and their mixtures. Furthermore, the first coating composition can preferably comprise at least one polyurethane-containing polymer selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polyurethane / poly(meth)acrylate copolymers and their mixtures.

[0222] The first coating composition preferably comprises at least one solvent consisting of water, an organic solvent, preferably an aliphatic alcohol such as ethanol, isopropanol and butanol or their mixtures.

[0223] The dynamic viscosity of the first coating composition is preferably selected or to be selected according to the printing method, for example, according to the speed of the gravure printing cylinder and the grid in the case of the gravure printing method. The first coating composition preferably has a dynamic viscosity in the range of 10 mPas to 1000 mPas, preferably in the range of 50 mPas to 500 mPas, particularly measured in the state immediately before step IIIa).

[0224] For example, water has a dynamic viscosity of 1 mPas. The very thin first coating composition preferably has a dynamic viscosity of 50 mPas. The thick first coating composition particularly has a dynamic viscosity of 500 mPas.

[0225] It is further beneficial that the application of the first protective layer 5 in step III) comprises the following steps.

[0226] IIIb) Applying at least one, preferably fluid, second coating composition to at least a partial region of the surface of at least one side of the at least one receiving layer 4 on the side opposite to the carrier ply 3, and at least partially curing the at least one second coating composition to obtain at least one first protective layer 5, wherein the at least one second coating composition comprises at least one UV crosslinkable and / or chemically crosslinkable polymer.

[0227] It is also possible to physically dry the second coating composition. The at least partial curing in step IIIb) is preferably physical drying. In particular, it is conceivable that the first protective layer starts to dissolve at least one receiving layer before partial curing, and as a result, a mixed layer is preferably formed. In particular, at least the mixed layer is preferably at least partially cured by physical drying.

[0228] It is beneficial that at least one second coating composition has at least one UV-crosslinkable polymer and preferably further at least one chemically crosslinkable polymer. This is more preferably selected from the group consisting of isocyanate group-containing polymers, melamine-containing polymers, hydroxyl group-containing polymers, and mixtures thereof. Here, at least one second coating composition can have at least one polymer and / or copolymer having at least one isocyanate group, and at least one polymer and / or copolymer having at least one hydroxyl group and / or at least one melamine resin, and at least one polymer and / or copolymer having at least one hydroxyl group. In particular, chemical crosslinking is provided here by the reaction of isocyanate groups with hydroxyl groups and / or by the reaction of melamine resins with hydroxyl groups.

[0229] In particular, at least one UV-crosslinkable polymer further has at least one chemically crosslinkable functional group, which is preferably selected, in each case independently of one another, from hydroxyl groups, isocyanate groups, melamine groups, and epoxide groups.

[0230] It is also possible for at least one UV-crosslinkable polymer to have at least one hydroxyl group.

[0231] For suitable hydroxyl group-containing polymers, melamine resins, aldehydes, melamine formaldehyde resins, pre-cured and / or hybrid systems, and polyisocyanates, reference is particularly made to the above description.

[0232] At least one receiving layer 4 preferably has one or more of the following compositions. The following compositions each have a concentration in a range specified, in each case, in particular in weight percent, preferably based on the liquid state of at least one receiving layer 4.

[0233] [Table 5]

[0234] The liquid state of at least one receiving layer 4 means, in particular, that the solvent has not yet leaked from at least one receiving layer 4. In particular, this also means the state of at least one receiving layer 4 immediately before or after applying at least one receiving layer 4 to the carrier ply 3.

[0235] The first protective layer 5, in particular in the form of a protective varnish layer, preferably has one or more of the following compositions. The following compositions are, in each case, in particular in weight percent and preferably in concentrations within the ranges specified based on the liquid state of the first protective layer 5.

[0236] [Table 6]

[0237] The liquid state of the first protective layer 5 means, in particular, that the solvent has not yet leaked from the first protective layer 5. In particular, this also means the state of the first protective layer 5 immediately before or after applying the first protective layer 5 to at least one receiving layer 4 and / or the carrier ply 3.

[0238] FIG. 7 schematically shows a method for manufacturing a component 10 as shown in one of, for example, FIGS. 4, 5a and 5b, using a transfer film 1 as shown in one of, for example, FIGS. 1a, 1b, 2 or 3 and / or manufactured as shown in, for example, FIG. 6.

[0239] The method for manufacturing the component 10 particularly comprises the following steps in a specific order. a) Providing a transfer film 1 comprising a carrier ply 3 having at least one carrier layer 31 and a transfer ply 2 disposed on the carrier ply 3, wherein the transfer ply 2 has a protective layer composite 21, the protective layer composite 21 comprising a first protective layer 5 and at least one receiving layer 4 for coating the transfer ply 2 with at least one coating 6 in a coatable region 41, the at least one receiving layer 4 being disposed on the first protective layer 5 and the at least one receiving layer 4 being disposed with respect to a first surface of the transfer ply 2 facing the carrier ply 3; b) Bonding a substrate 11 to at least one surface of the transfer ply 2 on the side opposite the carrier ply 3; c) Peeling the carrier ply 3 from the transfer ply 2 bonded to the substrate 11; d) Applying at least one coating 6 to a surface of the transfer ply 2 on the side opposite the substrate 11, the at least one coating 6 being applied to a coating region 42 disposed in at least a region or over the entire surface within the coatable region 41.

[0240] The at least one coating 6 is preferably applied in a patterned manner.

[0241] In particular, further steps can be carried out during and / or in order to carry out steps a), b), c) and / or d). For example, it is possible to carry out conveyance between steps. Thus, the steps can be carried out "inline" or "offline".

[0242] Also, for example, in order to carry out step b) of bonding the substrate 11 to the transfer ply 2, it is also possible to carry out the following steps in a particularly defined order. b1) Placing the transfer film (1) in an injection molding die; b2) In particular, a step of back-injection molding a transfer film 1 disposed in an injection mold using a plastic injection molding material, wherein the bonding of the plastic injection molding material to the transfer ply 2 is performed by back-injection molding, and / or the substrate 11 is formed by the plastic injection molding material.

[0243] In step b), in particular in step b2), while bonding the substrate 11 to the transfer ply 2, the substrate 11 having at least one surface of the transfer ply 2 of the transfer film 1 on the opposite side of the carrier ply 3 is preferably covered with the plastic injection molding material at least in the region, the transfer film 1 is disposed in the injection mold, and the injection mold is filled with at least the plastic injection molding material. The plastic injection molding material preferably includes a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, or a mixture thereof. Further, the injection mold can be formed by two half-molds that are opened particularly before step b1) and preferably closed before step b2) in which the injection mold is formed.

[0244] Thereby, in particular, the component 10 can be a rigid body. It is also possible to curve and / or bend the surface of the component 10 having in particular the protective layer composite 21 and at least one coating 6. The injection mold has and / or prescribes in advance the shape of the surface of the component 10.

[0245] Also, in step b), it is also conceivable to bond the substrate 11 to at least one surface of the transfer ply 2 of the transfer film 1 on the opposite side of the carrier ply 3 by adhesive bonding, hot stamping, lamination, or a combination thereof on at least one surface of the substrate 11. The substrate 11 is selected from the group of paper, plastic, wood, composite materials, glass, metal, and combinations thereof.

[0246] It is possible for there to be a spatial separation between the bonding of the substrate 11 to at least one transfer ply in step b) and the peeling of the carrier ply 3 in step c). Here, it is possible to temporarily store and / or transport the component 10. In particular, at another production site, it is possible to individualize the component 10 by applying at least one coating.

[0247] Preferably, it is further possible to carry out the following steps after step b), in particular before step c), after step c), and in particular before step d), and / or after step d). e) Step of removing the substrate 11 having the transfer ply 2 from the injection molding die.

[0248] For example, it is possible to carry out step e) before step c). Thus, in particular, at least one coating, for example for individualizing the component, can be carried out after removing the carrier ply 3 at another location. Thus, the component is protected by the carrier ply 3, for example, during transport to another location.

[0249] Furthermore, it is possible to peel off the carrier ply immediately after bonding the transfer ply 2 to the substrate 11 in step b) and / or before removing the substrate 11 having the transfer ply 2 from the injection molding die in step e). Thus, the carrier ply 3 is preferably still peeled off with an injection molding tool having an injection molding die. The method is an IMD method.

[0250] This method preferably further comprises the following steps. f) Step of completely curing the protective layer composite 21, in particular at least one receiving layer 4 and / or the first protective layer 5, and / or at least one coating 6.

[0251] Such a method in particular enables the manufactured component 10 to achieve the above - mentioned advantageous test results after complete curing.

[0252] In step f), all curable compositions of the component, in particular the protective layer composite 21 and at least one coating 6, are preferably fully cured. Step f) is preferably carried out after step d), in particular before or after step e).

[0253] Also, it is conceivable that the curing of the first protective layer 5 is carried out by UV irradiation in a varnishing device and / or a printing device, in particular after the application of at least one coating 6 in step d). Curing can in particular be carried out in several sub-steps, for example, pre-curing and / or full curing of UV printing ink and / or UV ink in a varnishing device and / or a printing device, and the protective layer composite can also be at least partially cured. Furthermore, it is possible to carry out full curing of the entire component 10 by irradiating the entire surface, in particular the component 10 or at least all UV-curable regions of the component, with UV irradiation.

[0254] It is advantageous for the component 10 to have particular durability after step f) for the durability of at least one coating 6 and the protective layer composite 21. Thus, it is possible to protect the component 10 by means of the carrier ply 3 and / or by means of the protective layer composite 21 and / or at least one coating 6. For example, a particularly reliable and flexible method is also ensured thereby.

[0255] In particular, the full curing of at least one receiving layer 4, the first protective layer 5 and / or at least one coating 6 can be carried out in step f) by means of high-energy electromagnetic radiation, in particular UV irradiation, and / or high-energy particle radiation, in particular electron beam radiation.

[0256] The irradiation is preferably carried out by high-energy electromagnetic radiation and / or high-energy particle radiation. The electromagnetic radiation is preferably UV radiation, particularly having a wavelength range of 100 nm to 390 nm, preferably 200 nm to 380 nm, and particularly preferably 200 nm to 300 nm. The particle radiation is preferably electron beam radiation.

[0257] For complete curing in step f), one or more irradiation units preferably arranged after the printing device are preferably used. Step f) is particularly carried out correspondingly after step d). For complete curing in step f), the components, particularly at least one coating and / or protective layer composite, preferably the first protective layer and / or at least one receiving layer, are irradiated with an irradiance in the range of 500 mW / cm 2 ~700 mW / cm 2 The UV dose is preferably in the range of 2000 mJ / cm 2 ~3500 mJ / cm 2 in the range.

[0258] Furthermore, the complete curing of at least one receiving layer 4, the first protective layer 5 and / or at least one coating 6 can be carried out, instead of or in addition to, by curing at least one receiving layer 4, the first protective layer 5 and / or at least one coating 6 at a temperature in the range of preferably 25 °C to 180 °C in step f).

[0259] In step d), at least one coating 6 is preferably applied by forming one or more printing layers, particularly by digital printing, preferably by inkjet printing and / or pad printing and / or screen printing.

[0260] Digital printing is, for example, UV digital printing. Herein, in particular, a print head of the KJ4A-RH type, preferably manufactured by Kyocera, is used. The resolution of the print head is, in particular, 1200×600 dpi in the RGB color space and 600×600 dpi in the CMYK color space. The print head is moved, in particular, at a maximum speed of 600 mm / s.

[0261] In the manufacturing method of component 10, in particular in step d), one or more layers of one or more printing layers preferably contain at least one UV printing ink and / or at least one UV ink, which preferably contains, or consists of, a monomer, in particular at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond, or an oligomer, in particular at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond, or a mixture thereof, which is beneficial.

[0262] Furthermore, in the manufacturing method of the component, in particular in step d), it is beneficial that at least one UV printing ink and / or at least one UV ink has one or more of the following compositions. The concentration is preferably specified in weight percent. 2-(2-Vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate having a concentration in the range of at least 50% to less than 100% by weight, in particular; Oxybis(methyl-2,1-ethanediyl)diacrylate having a concentration in the range of at least 10% to less than 20% by weight, in particular; Diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide having a concentration in the range of at least 3% to less than 5% by weight, in particular; Phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide having a concentration in the range of at least 1% to less than 5% by weight, in particular; In particular, in each case, 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methylphenol having a concentration in the range of at least 0.1% to less than 0.25% by weight with respect to the total weight of at least one UV printing ink and / or at least one UV ink.

[0263] In order to carry out step d), it is also possible to arrange the substrate 11 with the transfer primer 2 in a printing device, in particular a digital printer, preferably an inkjet printer. Here, the detachment of the carrier primer 3 from the transfer primer 2 joined to the substrate 11 can be carried out first within the printing device and / or can be carried out before being arranged within the printing device, in particular immediately before.

[0264] Furthermore, the application of at least one printing layer and / or at least one receiving layer 4 can be carried out by cold stamping. In step d), preferably, the application of one or more layers of at least one coating 6 to at least one receiving layer 4 in the first region is carried out, and optionally, at least one coating 6 is not applied to the second region of the protective layer composite 21. Here, it is also possible to apply a second transfer film having a second transfer primer 2 to the protective layer composite 21 at least in the first region and optionally in the second region. Next, the second transfer film is preferably peeled off from the protective layer composite 21 having at least one coating 6. The second transfer primer remains on at least one receiving layer 4 in the region of at least the first region, and preferably, this peeling is carried out such that it is peeled off from at least one receiving layer 4 in the second region together with at least one carrier layer of the second transfer film. Here, the first region can be completely constituted by the coatable region 41.

[0265] Also, it is possible that only a partial region of the first region is completely constituted by the coatable region 41. In particular, at least one coating 6 is also applied to the first protective layer 5 at least in the region during the application to at least one receiving layer 4, and then the second transfer film 12 is peeled off from the protective layer composite 21 using at least one coating 6 such that the second transfer primer remains only in the partial region of the first region constituted by the coatable region.

[0266] Furthermore, at least one coating 6 can be modified and / or structured by placing particles in / on at least one receiving layer 4, preferably after step c), before and / or during and / or after the application of at least one coating 6 in step d), and / or by using a tool structure during the application in step d), and / or by subsequent laser processing, overprinting and / or overstamping of at least one coating 6.

[0267] The transfer ply 2 preferably comprises, on the side facing the substrate 11 in step a), one or more decorative layers 22 containing at least one decorative element and / or one or more functional layers containing at least one functional element. For the decorative layer, decorative element, functional layer and functional element, reference is made to the above description.

Explanation of reference numerals

[0268] 1 Transfer film 10 Component 11 Substrate 2 Transfer ply 22 Decorative layer, functional layer 21 Protective layer composite 3 Carrier ply 31 Carrier layer 4 Accepting layer 41 Coatable area 42 Coating area 5 First protective layer 6 At least one coating 32 Release layer 23 Varnish layer, primer layer I), III), a), b) Steps

Claims

Claim 1. An IMD transfer film (1), comprising: the transfer film (1) includes a carrier ply (3) having at least one carrier layer (31), and a transfer ply (2) disposed on the carrier ply (3); the transfer ply (2) has a protective layer composite (21), and the protective layer composite (21) includes a first protective layer (5) and at least one receiving layer (4) for coating the transfer ply (2) in a coatable region (41) by at least one coating (6); the at least one receiving layer (4) is disposed on the first protective layer (5); the at least one receiving layer (4) is disposed with respect to a first surface of the transfer ply (2) facing the carrier ply (3). The IMD transfer film (1) is characterized by this. Claim 2. The at least one receiving layer (4) and / or the first protective layer (5) are not pre-cured or fully cured in at least a region, and / or the at least one receiving layer (4) has at least one water-dispersible polymer, and the water-dispersible polymer is independently selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyester, their copolymers and mixtures in each case. The IMD transfer film (1) according to claim 1 is characterized by this. Claim 3. the first protective layer (5) includes at least one UV-crosslinkable and / or chemically crosslinkable polymer, and / or the first protective layer (5) further has at least one chemically crosslinkable polymer, and / or the first protective layer (5) has a combination of at least one chemically crosslinkable polymer, the combination including a polymer and / or copolymer having at least one isocyanate group, and a polymer and / or copolymer having at least one hydroxyl group and / or at least one melamine resin, and a polymer and / or copolymer having at least one hydroxyl group, or being the same. The IMD transfer film (1) according to claim 1 or 2 is characterized by this. Claim 4. In each case, the at least one UV-crosslinkable polymer of the first protective layer (5) is further independently of one another in each case and further has at least one chemically crosslinkable functional group, and / or The IMD transfer film (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one UV-crosslinkable polymer further has at least one hydroxyl group.

5. The first protective layer (5) has a layer thickness in the range of 1 μm to 15 μm, and / or The IMD transfer film (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least one receiving layer (4) has a layer thickness in the range of 0.01 μm to 1 μm.

6. The transfer ply (2) is peelable from the carrier ply (3), and / or the carrier ply (3) has at least one release layer (32) and is disposed between the carrier layer (31) and the protective layer composite (21), and / or The IMD transfer film (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the carrier ply (3) is disposed on the protective layer composite (21) with an adhesive force in the range of 2 cN to 50 cN.

7. The IMD transfer film (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one receiving layer (4) has a roughness Ra in the range of 1 nm to 250 nm.

8. The transfer ply (2) has one or more decorative layers (22) containing at least one decorative element on the side of the protective layer composite (21) opposite to the carrier ply (3), and / or One or more decorative layers of the one or more decorative layers (22) containing the at least one decorative element are selected from the group consisting of a transparent and / or colored varnish layer, a replication layer having a formed optically active surface structure, a reflective layer, an optically variable layer, an interference multilayer system, a volume hologram layer, a liquid crystal layer, a conductive layer, an antenna layer, an electrode layer, a magnetic layer, a magnetic memory layer, a barrier layer, and combinations thereof. The IMD transfer film (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized.

9. The transfer ply (2) has one or more functional layers including at least one functional element on a side surface of the protective layer composite (21) on a side opposite to the carrier ply (3), and the functional element is selected from the group consisting of one or more electronic elements, sensors, antennas, memories, processors, capacitors, resistors, microfluidic elements, and combinations thereof. The IMD transfer film (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized in that.

10. At least one decorative element is disposed in one or more decorative layers (22), and / or at least one functional element is disposed in one or more functional layers, and in each case independently of one another, a UV crosslinkable varnish or a thermoplastically modifiable layer is provided, and in each case independently of one another, it is not colored, colored, or dyed, and / or The transfer ply (2) has at least one varnish layer (23), and the varnish layer (23) forms a surface of the transfer ply (2) on a side opposite to the carrier ply (3). The IMD transfer film (1) according to claim 8 or 9.

11. A component (10) comprising The component (10) comprises a substrate (11) comprising or consisting of a plastic injection molding material, and at least one transfer ply (2) of an IMD transfer film (1) disposed at least in a region on at least one surface of the substrate (11). The transfer ply (2) has a protective layer composite (21), and the protective layer composite (21) comprises a first protective layer (5) and at least one receiving layer (4). The at least one receiving layer (4) is disposed on the first protective layer (5) in a coatable region (41) and is disposed on a side surface of the transfer ply (2) on a side opposite to the substrate (11). A component (10) characterized by that.

12. At least one coating (6) is applied to a coating region (42) of the coatable region (41), and the coating region (42) overlaps the coatable region (41) at least in a region or over the entire surface, and / or One or more layers of the one or more printing layers contain at least one UV printing ink and / or at least one UV ink. The component (10) according to claim 11 is characterized in that.

13. During the adhesion strength test, in at least the coatable region (41) by the at least one coating, the adhesion strength measured on the surface of the test region is within the range of GT0 to GT1 and / or within the range of ASTM D3359-09, 5B to 4B in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2409:2013-06, and / or, At 70 °C and a duration of 5 hours, in at least the coatable region (41), during the detergent test measured on the surface of the test region and on the side surface of the component (10) opposite to the substrate (11), no surface change is detected in the test region, and / or, In accordance with ASTM D4060, using a CS-10 Calibrase type polishing medium, in at least the coatable region (41), during the abrasion test measured on the surface of the test region and on the side surface of the component (10) opposite to the substrate (11), no change in the first protective layer having the at least one receiving layer is detected in the test region, and / or, In at least the coatable region (41), in the test measured on the surface of the test region and on the side surface of the component (10) opposite to the substrate (11), no scratching is detected on the surface of the test region. The test is performed using a test rod, the test tip is pressed against the surface of the test region with a force of 10 N and dragged on the surface of the test region. The test tip has a circular region with a diameter of 0.75 mm, and / or, The chemical resistance is measured in accordance with ASTM D4752, and an optical change corresponding to the fixation level measured based on the gray scale according to ISO 105-A02 of 4 or more is detected, which is measured on the surface of the test region in at least the coatable region (41) by the at least one coating (6). The component (10) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that.

14. The component (10) according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the at least one coating (6) and / or the protective layer composite (21) is not completely cured in at least a region and / or is at least partially curable.

15. A method for manufacturing an IMD transfer film (1), comprising the following steps: I) providing at least one carrier layer (31) of a carrier ply (3); III) applying a transfer ply (2) to the carrier ply (3), wherein the transfer ply (2) comprises a protective layer composite (21), and the protective layer composite (21) has a first protective layer (5) and at least one receiving layer (4) for coating the transfer ply (2) in a coatable region (41) by at least one coating (6), the at least one receiving layer (4) is disposed on the first protective layer (5), and the at least one receiving layer (4) is disposed with respect to a first surface of the transfer ply (2) facing the carrier ply (3). A manufacturing method characterized by this.

16. In step III), the at least one receiving layer (4) is applied to the carrier ply (3) in the coatable region (41), and the first protective layer (5) is applied to the at least one receiving layer (4) at least in the coatable region (41) and optionally to the carrier ply (3) outside the coatable region. The manufacturing method according to claim 15, characterized by this.

17. An IMD manufacturing method for a component (10) using an IMD transfer film (1), the method comprising: a) providing an IMD transfer film (1), wherein the transfer film (1) comprises a carrier ply (3) and a transfer ply (2) disposed on the carrier ply (3), the carrier ply (3) has at least one carrier layer (31), the transfer ply (2) has a protective layer composite (21), the protective layer composite (21) has a first protective layer (5) and at least one receiving layer (4) for coating the transfer ply (2) in a coatable region (41) by at least one coating (6), the at least one receiving layer (4) is disposed on the first protective layer (5), and the at least one receiving layer (4) is disposed with respect to a first surface of the transfer ply (2) facing the carrier ply (3); b) bonding the substrate (11) to at least one surface of the transfer ply (2) on the side opposite to the carrier ply (3); c) peeling the carrier ply (3) from the transfer ply (2) bonded to the substrate (11); d) applying at least one coating (6) to the surface of the transfer ply (2) on the side opposite to the substrate (11), wherein the at least one coating (6) is applied to at least a region or the entire surface of the coatable region (41) in a coating region (42), a method for manufacturing an IMD, characterized by comprising:

18. To carry out step b) for bonding the substrate (11) to the transfer ply (2), the following steps, b1) placing the transfer film (1) in an injection molding die; b2) back-injection molding the transfer film (1) placed in the injection molding die using a plastic injection molding material, are carried out, The bonding of the plastic injection molding material to the transfer ply (2) is carried out by the back-injection molding, and the substrate (11) is formed by the plastic injection molding material, the manufacturing method according to claim 17.

19. A step carried out after step d), f) further comprising the step of completely curing the protective layer composite (21) and / or the at least one coating (6), the manufacturing method according to claim 17 or 18.

20. In step d), the at least one coating (6) is applied by digital printing in the form of one or more printed layers, and one or more layers of the one or more printed layers include at least one UV printing ink and / or at least one UV ink, and / or, In step d), one or more layers of the at least one coating (6) are applied to the at least one receiving layer (4) in a first region, and the at least one coating (6) is not applied to a second region of the protective layer composite (21), and / or, The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the at least one coating (6) is modified or structured before, during or after the application of the at least one coating (6) in step d).

21. The receiving layer (4) is a physically drying system or is manufactured using the same. The application of the receiving layer in the method for manufacturing the transfer film in step III) comprises: IIIa) applying at least one first coating component to at least a partial region of the surface of the first side of the carrier ply, wherein the at least one first coating component has at least one solvent and at least one water-dispersible polymer, which is selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyester, copolymers thereof and mixtures thereof, and step IIIa) comprises at least partial curing of the at least one first coating component to obtain at least one receiving layer, and the at least partial curing in step IIIa) is physical drying. The manufacturing method according to claim 15, characterized in that it is as described above.

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