Refrigerant cycle device

Abstract

To provide a refrigerant cycle apparatus for freezing or cold storage, using a low GWP refrigerant.SOLUTION: A showcase includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit includes a compressor (121), a radiator (122), an expansion valve (123), and an evaporator (124). The refrigerant includes HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Technical Field

[0001] It relates to a refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration.

Background Art

[0002] So far, in the heat cycle systems of refrigeration or refrigeration devices, R410A and R404A have been widely used as refrigerants. R410A is a two-component mixed refrigerant of (CH2F2; HFC-32 or R32) and pentafluoroethane (C2HF5; HFC-125 or R125), and is a pseudo-azeotropic composition. R404A is a three-component mixed refrigerant of R125, R134a, and R143a, and is a pseudo-azeotropic composition.

[0003] However, the global warming potential (GWP) of R410A is 2088, and the global warming potential (GWP) of R404A is 3920. In recent years, due to the increasing concern about global warming, refrigerants with a low GWP tend to be used.

[0004] For this reason, for example, in Patent Document 1 (International Publication No. 2015 / 141678), a low-GWP mixed refrigerant that can replace R410A has been proposed. In addition, in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2018-184597), various low-GWP mixed refrigerants that can replace R404A have been proposed.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] So far, among refrigerants with a small GWP, no consideration has been given to which refrigerant should be used in a refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the first aspect includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression unit, and an absorber. The refrigerant contains at least 1,2-difluoroethylene.

[0007] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the second aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf).

[0008] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the third aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the second aspect, In the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their total sum are x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are at point D (87.6, 0.0, 12.4), at point G (18.2, 55.1, 26.7), at point H (56.7, 43.3, 0.0) and at point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OD, DG, GH, and HO connecting these four points respectively or on the line segments OD, DG, and GH (however, points O and H are excluded), The line segment DG is represented by the coordinates (0.0047y 2 -1.5177y + 87.598, y, -0.0047y 2 + 0.5177y + 12.402) and is represented by The line segment GH is represented by the coordinates (-0.0134z 2 -1.0825z + 56.692, 0.0134z 2 + 0.0825z + 43.308, z) and is represented by, and The line segments HO and OD are straight lines.

[0009] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration according to the fourth aspect is the refrigerant cycle device according to the second aspect, In the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their total are x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point L(72.5, 10.2, 17.3), point G(18.2, 55.1, 26.7), point H(56.7, 43.3, 0.0) and point I(72.5, 27.5, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments LG, GH, HI, and IL connecting these four points respectively, or on the line segments LG, GH, and IL (however, points H and I are excluded), The line segment LG is coordinates (0.0047y 2 -1.5177y + 87.598, y, -0.0047y 2 + 0.5177y + 12.402) represented by, The line segment GH is coordinates (-0.0134z 2 -1.0825z + 56.692, 0.0134z 2 + 0.0825z + 43.308, z) represented by, and the line segments HI and IL are straight lines.

[0010] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration according to the fifth aspect is the refrigerant cycle device according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, and the refrigerant further contains difluoromethane (R32).

[0011] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration according to the sixth aspect is the refrigerant cycle device according to the fifth aspect, In the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based on their total sum are x, y, z, and a respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 0 < a ≤ 10.0, point A(0.02a 2 −2.46a + 93.4, 0, −0.02a 2 +2.46a + 6.6), point B′(−0.008a 2 −1.38a + 56, 0.018a 2 −0.53a + 26.3, −0.01a 2 +1.91a + 17.7), point C(−0.016a 2 +1.02a + 77.6, 0.016a 2 −1.02a + 22.4, 0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting these four points respectively or on the straight lines OA, AB′, and B′C (however, points O and C are excluded), when 10.0 < a ≤ 16.5, point A(0.0244a 2 −2.5695a + 94.056, 0, −0.0244a 2 +2.5695a + 5.944), point B′(0.1161a 2 −1.9959a + 59.749, 0.014a 2 −0.3399a + 24.8, −0.1301a 2 +2.3358a + 15.451), point C(−0.0161a 2 +1.02a + 77.6, 0.0161a 2 −1.02a + 22.4, 0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting these four points respectively or on the straight lines OA, AB′, and B′C (however, points O and C are excluded), or When 16.5 < a ≤ 21.8, point A(0.0161a 2 -2.3535a + 92.742, 0, -0.0161a 2 +2.3535a + 7.258), point B'(-0.0435a 2 -0.0435a + 50.406, -0.0304a 2 +1.8991a - 0.0661, 0.0739a 2 -1.8556a + 49.6601), point C(-0.0161a 2 +0.9959a + 77.851, 0.0161a 2 -0.9959a + 22.149, 0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting these four points respectively, or on the straight lines OA, AB', and B'C (excluding points O and C).

[0012] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the seventh aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains a total of HFO - 1132(E) and HFO - 1123 in an amount of 99.5 mass% or more based on the total amount of the refrigerant, and the refrigerant contains HFO - 1132(E) in an amount of 62.5 mass% to 72.5 mass% based on the total amount of the refrigerant.

[0013] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the eighth aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO - 1132(E), R32, and R1234yf, in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO - 1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their total sum are x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total sum of HFO - 1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point A(71.1, 0.0, 28.9), point C(36.5, 18.2, 45.3), Point F(47.6, 18.3, 34.1) and Point D(72.0, 0.0, 28.0) within or on the line segments AC, CF, FD, and DA connecting the four points respectively, The line segment AC is coordinates (0.0181y 2 -2.2288y + 71.096, y, -0.0181y 2 +1.2288y + 28.904) represented by The line segment FD is coordinates (0.02y 2 -1.7y + 72, y, -0.02y 2 +0.7y + 28) represented by, and the line segments CF and DA are straight lines.

[0014] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the ninth aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the first aspect, the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf, in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their total are x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point A(71.1, 0.0, 28.9), point B(42.6, 14.5, 42.9), point E(51.4, 14.6, 34.0) and point D(72.0, 0.0, 28.0) within or on the line segments AB, BE, ED, and DA connecting the four points respectively, The line segment AB is coordinates (0.0181y 2 -2.2288y + 71.096, y, -0.0181y 2 +1.2288y + 28.904) represented by the line segment ED is at the coordinates (0.02y 2 -1.7y + 72, y, -0.02y 2 + 0.7y + 28) represented by, and the line segments BE and DA are straight lines.

[0015] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the tenth aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the first aspect, the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), R32 and R1234yf, in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), R32 and R1234yf based on their total sum are x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total sum of HFO-1132(E), R32 and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are at point G(77.5, 6.9, 15.6), point I(55.1, 18.3, 26.6) and point J(77.5, 18.4, 4.1) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments GI, IJ and JK connecting these three points respectively or on the said line segments, the line segment GI is at the coordinates (0.02y 2 -2.4583y + 93.396, y, -0.02y 2 + 1.4583y + 6.604) represented by, and the line segments IJ and JK are straight lines.

[0016] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the eleventh aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the first aspect, the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), R32 and R1234yf, In the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their total sum are x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are at point G(77.5, 6.9, 15.6), at point H(61.8, 14.6, 23.6), and at point K(77.5, 14.6, 7.9) within the range of the figure surrounded by or on the line segments GH, HK, and KG connecting these three points respectively, wherein the line segment GH is represented by the coordinates (0.02y 2 - 2.4583y + 93.396, y, -0.02y 2 + 1.4583y + 6.604), and the line segments HK and KG are straight lines.

[0017] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 12th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 1st aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32, In the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their total sum are x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are at point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), at point C’(56.7, 43.3, 0.0), at point D’(52.2, 38.3, 9.5), at point E’(41.8, 39.8, 18.4), and at point A’(81.6, 0.0, 18.4) within the range of the figure surrounded by or on the line segments OC’, C’D’, D’E’, E’A’, and A’O connecting these five points respectively (excluding points C’ and A’), The line segment C'D' is at coordinates (-0.0297z 2 -0.1915z + 56.7, 0.0297z 2 +1.1915z + 43.3, z) and is represented by The line segment D'E' is at coordinates (-0.0535z 2 +0.3229z + 53.957, 0.0535z 2 +0.6771z + 46.043, z) and is represented by, and the line segments OC', E'A' and A'O are straight lines.

[0018] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 13th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 1st aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32, In the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32 based on their total are x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32 is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C(77.7, 22.3, 0.0), point D(76.3, 14.2, 9.5), point E(72.2, 9.4, 18.4) and point A'(81.6, 0.0, 18.4) are within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OC, CD, DE, EA' and A'O connecting these five points respectively or on the line segments CD, DE and EA' (excluding points C and A'), The line segment CDE is at coordinates (-0.017z 2 +0.0148z + 77.684, 0.017z 2 +0.9852z + 22.316, z) and is represented by, and the line segments OC, EA' and A'O are straight lines.

[0019] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration according to the 14th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device according to the 1st aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32, in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32 based on their total are x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram in which the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32 is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C’(56.7, 43.3, 0.0), point D’(52.2, 38.3, 9.5) and point A(90.5, 0.0, 9.5) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OC’, C’D’, D’A and AO connecting these five points respectively, or on the line segments C’D’ and D’A (excluding the points C’ and A), the line segment C’D’ is represented by coordinates (-0.0297z 2 -0.1915z + 56.7, 0.0297z 2 + 1.1915z + 43.3, z), and the line segments OC’, D’A and AO are straight lines.

[0020] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration according to the 15th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device according to the 1st aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32, in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32 based on their total are x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram in which the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32 is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C(77.7, 22.3, 0.0), Point D(76.3, 14.2, 9.5), Point A(90.5, 0.0, 9.5) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OC, CD, DA, and AO connecting these five points respectively, or on the line segments CD and DA (excluding points C and A), The line segment CD is coordinates (-0.017z 2 +0.0148z + 77.684, 0.017z 2 +0.9852z + 22.316, z) represented by, and the line segments OC, DA, and AO are straight lines.

[0021] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 16th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 1st aspect, wherein the refrigerant includes CO2, and trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), when the mass percentages of CO2, and R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total sum are w, and x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the sum of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 0 < w ≦ 1.2, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w) Point B’’(-1.5278w 2 +2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 -3.75w + 49.5) Point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683) Point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683) within or on the line segments of the figure surrounded by curve IJ, curve JK, and curve KL connecting these seven points respectively, and straight lines LB'', B''D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on straight lines B''D and CI), when 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w) Point B''(51.6, 0.0, 48.4 - w) Point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553) within or on the line segments of the figure surrounded by curve IJ, curve JK, and curve KL connecting these seven points respectively, and straight lines LB'', B''D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on straight lines B''D and CI), when 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w) Point B''(51.6, 0.0, 48.4 - w) Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 - 4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 + 3.9667w + 41.7) within or on the line segments of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ, JK, and KL connecting the seven points respectively, and the straight lines LB'', B''D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight lines B''D and CI), and the curve IJ is at the coordinates (x, 0.0236x 2 -1.716x + 72, -0.0236x 2 + 0.716x + 28 - w) represented by the curve JK is at the coordinates (x, 0.0095x 2 -1.2222x + 67.676, -0.0095x 2 + 0.2222x + 32.324 - w) represented by the curve KL is at the coordinates (x, 0.0049x 2 -0.8842x + 61.488, -0.0049x 2 -0.1158x + 38.512) represented by.

[0022] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 17th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 1st aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains CO2, and trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total sum are w, x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the sum of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 0 < w ≤ 1.2, point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997) Point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683) within or on the line segments enclosed by the curves IJ and JK connecting the five points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight line CI), when 1.2 < w ≤ 1.3, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point F(36.6, -3w + 3.9, 2w + 59.5) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553) within or on the line segments enclosed by the curves IJ and JK connecting the five points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight line CI), when 1.3 < w ≤ 4.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) Point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553) within or on the line segments enclosed by the curves IJ and JK connecting the six points respectively, and the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight line CI), when 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w + 41.7) Within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK, and the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI that connect these six points respectively (excluding the points on the straight line CI), and the curve IJ is represented by the coordinates (x, 0.0236x 2 -1.716x + 72, -0.0236x 2 +0.716x + 28 - w) and the curve JK is represented by the coordinates (x, 0.0095x 2 -1.2222x + 67.676, -0.0095x 2 +0.2222x + 32.324 - w) and

[0023] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 18th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 1st aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains CO2, R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf, when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total sum are w, x, y, and z respectively, in the three - component composition diagram where the total sum of R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 0 < w ≤ 1.2, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point E(18.2, -1.1111w 2 -3.1667w + 31.9, 1.1111w 2 +2.1667w + 49.9) Point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683) within or on the line segments surrounded by the curves IJ and JK connecting the four points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI (however, excluding the points on the straight line CI), when 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point E(-0.0365w + 18.26, 0.0623w 2 -4.5381w + 31.856, -0.0623w 2 +3.5746w + 49.884) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553) within or on the line segments surrounded by the curves IJ and JK connecting the four points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI (however, excluding the points on the straight line CI), when 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point E(18.1, 0.0444w 2 -4.3556w + 31.411, -0.0444w 2 +3.3556w + 50.489) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w + 41.7) within or on the line segments surrounded by the curves IJ and JK connecting the four points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI (however, excluding the points on the straight line CI), and The curve IJ is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0236x 2 −1.716x + 72, −0.0236x 2 + 0.716x + 28 - w) as expressed below.

[0024] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or freezing according to the 19th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device according to the 1st aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf, when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf based on their total sum are w, x, y and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total sum of R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 0 < w ≤ 0.6, point G(−5.8333w 2 −3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 + 1.4167w + 26.2, −1.25w 2 + 0.75w + 51.6) point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 + 1.8333w + 22.6, −0.8333w 2 −2.8333w + 40.6) point P(51.7, 1.1111w 2 + 20.5, −1.1111w 2 −w + 27.8) point B''(−1.5278w 2 + 2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 −3.75w + 49.5) point D(−2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683) and is within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves GO and OP connecting these five points respectively, and the straight lines PB'', B''D and DG or on the said line segments (excluding the points on the straight line B''D), when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, point G(−5.8333w2 -3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 +1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 +0.75w + 51.6) Point N(18.2, 0.2778w2 + 3w + 27.7, -0.2778w2 - 4w + 54.1) Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w + 40.6) Point P(51.7, 1.1111w 2 +20.5, -1.1111w 2 -w + 27.8) Point B’’(-1.5278w 2 +2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 -3.75w + 49.5) Point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683) Within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves GN, NO, and OP, and the straight lines PB’’, B’’D, and DG connecting the six points respectively (however, excluding the points on the straight line B’’D), and The curve GO is When 0 < w ≤ 0.6, The coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 -0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 +(-0.279w 2 +0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 -0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y) Represented by The curve GN is When 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, The coordinates (x, (0.0122w 2 -0.0113w + 0.0313)x 2 +(-0.3582w 2 +0.1624w - 1.4551)x + 2.7889w 2+3.7417w + 43.824, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by The curve NO is when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 - 0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (- 0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 - 0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by The curve OP is when 0 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, (0.0074w 2 - 0.0133w + 0.0064)x 2 + (- 0.5839w 2 + 1.0268w - 0.7103)x + 11.472w 2 - 17.455w + 40.07, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by when 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, the point M(0.0, - 0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 - 3.419w + 44.47) the point W(10.0, - 0.3645w 2 + 3.5024w + 44.422, 0.3645w 2 - 4.5024w + 55.578) the point N(18.2, - 0.3773w 2 + 3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 - 4.319w + 53.54) the point O(36.8, - 0.1392w 2 + 1.4381w + 24.475, 0.1392w 2 - 2.4381w + 38.725) the point P(51.7, - 0.2381w 2 + 1.881w + 20.186, 0.2381w 2 - 2.881w + 28.114) Point B’’(51.6, 0.0, -w + 48.4) Point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553) Within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves MW, WN, NO, and OP, and the straight lines PB’’, B’’D, DC, and CM connecting the following eight points respectively (excluding the points on the straight lines B’’D and CM), and The curve MW is With coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 -0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 +(-0.0493w 2 +0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 +2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y) Represented by The curve WN is With coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 -0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 +(-0.1571w 2 +0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 -2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y) Represented by The curve NO is With coordinates (x, (-0.00062w 2 +0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 +(0.0375w 2 -0.239w - 0.4977)x - 0.8575w 2 +6.4941w + 36.078, 100 - w - x - y) Represented by The curve OP is With coordinates (x, (-0.000463w 2 +0.0024w - 0.0011)x 2 +(0.0457w 2-0.2581w - 0.075)x - 1.355w 2 +8.749w + 27.096, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0 point M(0.0, -0.0667w 2 +0.8333w + 58.133, 0.0667w 2 -1.8333w + 41.867) point W(10.0, -0.0667w 2 +1.1w + 39.267, 0.0667w 2 -2.1w + 50.733) point N(18.2, -0.0889w 2 +1.3778w + 31.411, 0.0889w 2 -2.3778w + 50.389) point O(36.8, -0.0444w 2 +0.6889w + 25.956, 0.0444w 2 -1.6889w + 37.244) point P(51.7, -0.0667w 2 +0.8333w + 21.633, 0.0667w 2 -1.8333w + 26.667) point B’’(51.6, 0.0, -w + 48.4) point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w + 41.7) within or on the line segment (excluding the points on the straight lines B’’D and CM) surrounded by the curves MW, WN, NO, and OP, and the straight lines PB’’, B’’D, DC, and CM, and the curve MW is the coordinates (x, (0.00357w 2 -0.0391w + 0.1756)x 2 +(-0.0356w 2+0.4178w - 3.6422)x - 0.0667w 2 +0.8333w + 58.103, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by the curve WN is the coordinates (x, (-0.002061w 2 +0.0218w - 0.0301)x 2 +(0.0556w 2 -0.5821w - 0.1108)x - 0.4158w 2 +4.7352w + 43.383, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by the curve NO is the coordinates (x, 0.0082x 2 +(0.0022w 2 -0.0345w - 0.7521)x - 0.1307w 2 +2.0247w + 42.327, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by the curve OP is the coordinates (x, (-0.0006258w 2 +0.0066w - 0.0153)x 2 +(0.0516w 2 -0.5478w + 0.9894)x - 1.074w 2 +11.651w + 10.992, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by

[0025] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 20th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 1st aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains CO2, and R32, HFO - 1132(E) and R1234yf, when the mass percentages of CO2, and R32, HFO - 1132(E) and R1234yf based on their total sum are w, and x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram in which the total sum of R32, HFO - 1132(E) and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 0 < w ≤ 0.6, the point G(-5.8333w 2-3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 -1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 +3.5834w + 51.6) Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w + 40.6) Point F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997) within or on the line segment of the figure enclosed by the curve GO connecting the three points respectively, the straight line OF, and the straight line FG, and The curve GO is coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 -0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 +(-0.279w 2 +0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 -0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y) represented by when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, Point G(-5.8333w 2 -3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 -1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 +3.5834w + 51.6) Point N(18.2, 0.2778w 2 +3.0w + 27.7, -0.2.778w 2 -4.0w + 54.1) Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w + 40.6) Point F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997) within or on the line segment of the figure enclosed by the curve GN connecting the four points respectively, the curve NO, the straight line OF, and the straight line FG, and The curve GN is When 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, (0.0122w 2 - 0.0113w + 0.0313)x 2 + (- 0.3582w 2 + 0.1624w - 1.4551)x + 2.7889w 2 + 3.7417w + 43.824, 100 - w - x - y) are represented by the curve NO is When 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 - 0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (- 0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 - 0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by When 1.2 < w ≤ 1.3, the point M(0.0, - 0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 - 3.419w + 44.47) the point W(10.0, - 0.3645w 2 + 3.5024w 34.422, 0.3645w 2 - 4.5024w + 55.578) the point N(18.2, - 0.3773w 2 + 3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 - 4.319w + 53.54) the point O(36.8, - 0.1392w 2 + 1.4381w + 24.475, 0.1392w 2 - 2.4381w + 38.725) the point F(36.6, - 3w + 3.9, 2w + 59.5) the point C(0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, 0.0, - 0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553) Within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves MW, WN, and NO connecting the six points respectively, and the straight lines OF, FC, and CM (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and The curve MW is the coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 - 0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 + (- 0.0493w 2 + 0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y) represented by The curve WN is the coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 - 0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 + (- 0.1571w 2 + 0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 - 2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y) represented by The curve NO is the coordinates (x, (- 0.00062w 2 + 0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 + (0.0375w 2 - 0.239w - 0.4977)x - 0.8575w 2 + 6.4941w + 36.078, 100 - w - x - y) represented by When 1.3 < w ≤ 4.0, the point M(0.0, - 0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 - 3.419w + 44.47) the point W(10.0, - 0.3645w 2 + 3.5024w + 34.422, 0.3645w 2 - 4.5024w + 55.578) the point N(18.2, - 0.3773w 2 + 3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 - 4.319w + 53.54) Point O(36.8, -0.1392w 2 +1.4381w + 24.475, 0.1392w 2 -2.4381w + 38.725) Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) Point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553) Within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves MW, WN, and NO, and the straight lines OB’, B’D, DC, and CM connecting these seven points respectively (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and The curve MW is With coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 -0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 +(-0.0493w 2 +0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 +2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y) Represented by The curve WN is With coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 -0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 +(-0.1571w 2 +0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 -2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y) The curve NO is With coordinates (x, (-0.00062w 2 +0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 +(0.0457w 2 -0.2581w - 0.075)x - 1.355w 2 +8.749w + 27.096, 100 - w - x - y) Represented by When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, Point M(0.0, -0.0667w2 +0.8333w 58.133, 0.0667w 2 -1.8333w + 41.867) Point W(10.0, -0.0667w 2 +1.1w + 39.267, 0.0667w 2 -2.1w + 50.733) Point N(18.2, -0.0889w 2 +1.3778w + 31.411, 0.0889w 2 -2.3778w + 50.389) Point O(36.8, -0.0444w 2 +0.6889w + 25.956, 0.0444w 2 -1.6889w + 37.244) Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w + 41.7) Within the range or on the line segments surrounded by the curves MW, curve WN and curve NO, and the straight lines OB’, B’D, DC and CM connecting the seven points respectively (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and The curve MW is The coordinates (x, (0.00357w 2 -0.0391w + 0.1756)x 2 +(-0.0356w 2 +0.4178w - 3.6422)x - 0.0667w 2 +0.8333w + 58.103, 100 - w - x - y) Represented by The curve WN is The coordinates (x, (-0.002061w 2 +0.0218w - 0.0301)x 2 +(0.0556w 2 -0.5821w - 0.1108)x - 0.4158w 2 +4.7352w + 43.383, 100 - w - x - y) The curve NO is represented by coordinates (x, (0.0082x 2 +(0.0022w 2 -0.0345w - 0.7521)x - 0.1307w 2 +2.0247w + 42.327, 100 - w - x - y)). The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or freezing according to the 21st aspect is the refrigerant cycle device according to the 1st aspect,

[0026] wherein the refrigerant contains CO2, R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf, and when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total sum are w, x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total sum of R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are When 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, point M(0.0, -0.3004w +2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 -3.419w + 44.47), 2 point W(10.0, -0.3645w +3.5024w + 34.422, 0.3645w 2 -4.5024w + 55.578), 2 point N(18.2, -0.3773w +3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 -4.319w + 53.54), 2 point E(-0.0365w + 18.26, 0.0623w -4.5381w + 31.856, -0.0623w 2 +3.5746w + 49.884), 2 point C(0.0, 0.1081w -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553). 2 ​within or on the line segments of the figure surrounded by the curves MW and WN connecting the five points respectively, and the straight lines NE, EC, and CM (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and the curve MW is at the coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 - 0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 + (-0.0493w 2 + 0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y) represented by the curve WN is at the coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 - 0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 + (-0.1571w 2 + 0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 - 2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y) represented by when 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the point M(0.0, -0.0667w 2 + 0.8333w + 58.133, 0.0667w 2 - 1.8333w + 41.867) the point W(10.0, -0.0667w 2 + 1.1w + 39.267, 0.0667w 2 - 2.1w + 50.733) the point N(18.2, -0.0889w 2 + 1.3778w + 31.411, 0.0889w 2 - 2.3778w + 50.389) the point E(18.1, 0.0444w 2 - 4.3556w + 31.411, -0.0444w 2 + 3.3556w + 50.489) the point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 - 4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 + 3.9667w + 41.7) within or on the line segments of the figure surrounded by the curves MW and WN connecting the five points respectively, the straight line NE, the straight line EC, and the straight line CM (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and the curve MW is at the coordinates (x, (0.00357w 2 - 0.0391w + 0.1756)x 2 + (-0.0356w 2 + 0.4178w - 3.6422)x - 0.0667w 2 + 0.8333w + 58.103, 100 - w - x - y) represented by the curve WN is at the coordinates (x, (-0.002061w 2 + 0.0218w - 0.0301)x 2 + (0.0556w 2 - 0.5821w - 0.1108)x - 0.4158w 2 + 4.7352w + 43.383, 100 - w - x - y) represented by.

[0027] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 22nd aspect includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression unit, and an absorber. The refrigerant contains at least trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (HFC-32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf).

[0028] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 23rd aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 22nd aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (HFC-32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), and the total concentration of the three components is 99.5% by mass or more based on the entire refrigerant, and the mass ratio of the three components is in the triangular composition diagram with the three components as each vertex, Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2 mass %), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7 mass %), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 10.1 / 18.0 / 71.9 mass %) and Point D (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 27.8 / 18.0 / 54.2 mass %), is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these four points.

[0029] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 24th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 23rd aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf, and the total concentration of these three components is 99.5% by mass or more based on the whole refrigerant, and the mass ratio of these three components is in the triangular composition diagram with these three components as each vertex, Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2 mass %), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7 mass %), Point E (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 15.2 / 14.3 / 70.5 mass %) and Point F (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 31.1 / 14.3 / 54.6 mass %), is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these four points.

[0030] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 25th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 22nd aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf, and the total concentration of these three components is 99.5% by mass or more based on the whole refrigerant, and the mass ratio of these three components is in the triangular composition diagram with these three components as each vertex, Point P (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 45.6 / 1.0 / 53.4 mass %), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7 mass %), Point Q (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 24.8 / 74.2 mass %), Point R (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 29.2 / 69.8 mass %) and Point S (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 6.5 / 29.2 / 64.3 mass %), is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these five points.

[0031] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 26th aspect is any of the refrigerant cycle devices of the 23rd to 25th aspects, and the refrigerant consists of only HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf.

[0032] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 27th aspect includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression section, and an absorber. The refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf, and the total concentration of these three components is 99.5 mass % or more with respect to the entire refrigerant, and the mass ratio of these three components is in a triangular composition diagram with these three components as each vertex, Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass %), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass %), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass %), Point D (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 57.0 / 42.0 mass %) and Point E (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 24.1 / 33.4 mass%) is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these five points.

[0033] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 28th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 27th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf, and the total concentration of these three components is 99.5% by mass or more based on the whole refrigerant, and the mass ratio of these three components is in the triangular composition diagram having these three components as each vertex, Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass%), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass%), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass%), Point F (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 52.2 / 46.8 mass%) and Point G (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6 mass%) is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these five points.

[0034] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 29th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 27th aspect or the 28th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf, and the total concentration of these three components is 99.5% by mass or more based on the whole refrigerant, and the mass ratio of these three components is in the triangular composition diagram having these three components as each vertex, Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass%), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass %), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass %), Point H (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 35.2 / 63.8 mass %), Point I (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.4 / 29.8 / 42.8 mass %) and Point G (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6 mass %) is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these 6 points.

[0035] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 30th aspect is any of the refrigerant cycle devices of the 27th to 29th aspects, and the refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf.

[0036] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 31st aspect includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression unit, and an absorber. The refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 35.0 to 65.0 mass %, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 65.0 to 35.0 mass %.

[0037] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 32nd aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 31st aspect, and with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 53.5 mass %, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 46.5 mass %.

[0038] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration from the 33rd perspective is the refrigerant cycle device from the 31st or 32nd perspective, and the refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.

[0039] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration from the 34th perspective includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression section, and an absorber. The refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 40.5 to 49.2% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 59.5 to 50.8% by mass.

[0040] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration from the 35th perspective is the refrigerant cycle device from the 34th perspective, and the refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.

[0041] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration from the 36th perspective is the refrigerant cycle device from the 34th or 35th perspective, and the evaporation temperature is -75 to -5°C.

[0042] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration from the 37th perspective includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression section, and an absorber. The refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 31.1 to 39.8% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 68.9 to 60.2% by mass.

[0043] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 38th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 37th aspect, and with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 31.1 to 37.9% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 68.9 to 62.1% by mass.

[0044] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 39th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 37th aspect or the 38th aspect, and the refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.

[0045] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 40th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of any one of the 37th aspect to the 39th aspect, and the evaporation temperature is -75 to -5 °C.

[0046] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 41st aspect includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression section, and an absorber. The refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, and with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 21.0 to 28.4% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 79.0 to 71.6% by mass.

[0047] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 42nd aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 41st aspect, and the refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.

[0048] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 43rd aspect includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression section, and an absorber. The refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, With respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 12.1 to 72.0% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 87.9 to 28.0% by mass.

[0049] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 44th aspect includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression unit, and an absorber. The refrigerant contains at least one of HFC-32, HFO-1234yf, and at least one of HFO-1132a and tetrafluoroethylene (FO-1114).

[0050] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 45th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 44th aspect, and the refrigerant contains HFO-1132a.

[0051] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 46th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 45th aspect. The refrigerant contains 15.0 to 24.0% by mass of HFC-32 and 1.0 to 7.0% by mass of HFO-1132a with the total amount of HFC-32, HFO-1234yf and HFO-1132a being 100% by mass.

[0052] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 47th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 45th aspect. The refrigerant contains 19.5 to 23.5% by mass of HFC-32 and 3.1 to 3.7% by mass of HFO-1132a with the total amount of HFC-32, HFO-1234yf and HFO-1132a being 100% by mass.

[0053] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 48th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 44th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFC-32, HFO-1234yf and HFO-1132a, and in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf based on their total sum are x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total sum of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point R(21.80, 3.95, 74.25), point S(21.80, 3.05, 75.15), and point T(20.95, 75.30, 3.75), and is within the range of the triangle surrounded by the line segments RS, ST and TR connecting these three points respectively or on said line segments.

[0054] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 49th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 44th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFC-32, HFO-1234yf and HFO-1132a, and in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf based on their total sum are x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total sum of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point L(74.0, 19.9, 6.1), point F(49.1, 25.9, 25.0), point G(0.0, 48.6, 51.4), point O(0.0, 0.0, 100), and point B(73.9, 0.0, 26.1), and is within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments LF, FG, GO, OB and BL connecting these five points respectively or on said line segments (excluding the line segments GO and OB), said line segment LF is represented by the coordinates (y = 0.0021x 2 - 0.4975x + 45.264), said line segment FG is coordinates (y = 0.0031x 2 -0.6144x + 48.6), and the line segments GO, OB, and BL are straight lines.

[0055] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 50th aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 44th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFC-32, HFO-1234yf, and HFO-1132a. In the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFC-32, HFO-1132a, and HFO-1234yf based on the sum thereof are x, y, and z, respectively, in the ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFC-32, HFO-1132a, and HFO-1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point P (59.1, 23.2, 17.7), point F (49.1, 25.9, 25.0), point G (0.0, 48.6, 51.4), point O (0.0, 0.0, 100), and point B' (59.0, 0.0, 40.2), within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments PF, FG, GO, OB', and B'P connecting these five points respectively or on the line segments (excluding the line segments GO and OB'), the line segment PF is coordinates (y = 0.0021x 2 -0.4975x + 45.264), the line segment FG is coordinates (y = 0.0031x 2 -0.6144x + 48.6), and the line segments GO, OB', and B'P are straight lines.

[0056] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration according to the 51st aspect is the refrigerant cycle device according to the 44th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFC-32, HFO-1234yf and HFO-1132a, and in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf based on their total are x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram in which the total of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point M(74.0, 19.5, 6.5), point I(62.9, 15.5, 21.6), point J(33.5, 0.0, 66.5), and point B(73.9, 0.0, 26.1), within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments MI, IJ, JB and BM connecting the four points respectively or on the said line segments (excluding the line segment JB), the said line segment MI is represented by the coordinates (y = 0.006x 2 +1.1837x - 35.264), the said line segment IJ is represented by the coordinates (y = 0.0083x 2 -0.2719x - 0.1953), and the said line segments JB and BM are straight lines.

[0057] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration according to the 52nd aspect is the refrigerant cycle device according to the 44th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFC-32, HFO-1234yf and HFO-1132a, and in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf based on their total are x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram in which the total of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point Q(59.1, 12.7, 28.2), point J(33.5, 0.0, 66.5), and point B’(59.0, 0.0, 40.2), within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments QJ, JB', and B'Q connecting the three points respectively or on the said line segments (excluding the line segment JB'), the line segment QJ is represented by the coordinates (y = 0.0083x 2 - 0.2719x - 0.1953), and the line segments JB' and B'Q are straight lines.

[0058] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 53rd aspect is the refrigerant cycle device of the 44th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFC - 32, HFO - 1234yf, and HFO - 1132a. In the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFC - 32, HFO - 1132a, and HFO - 1234yf based on the sum of these are x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the sum of HFC - 32, HFO - 1132a, and HFO - 1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point Q(59.1, 12.7, 28.2), point U(59.0, 5.5, 35.5), and point V(52.5, 8.4, 39.1), within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments QU, UV, and VQ connecting the three points respectively or on the said line segments, the line segment VQ is represented by the coordinates (y = 0.0083x 2 - 0.2719x - 0.1953), and the line segment UV is represented by the coordinates (y = 0.0026x 2 - 0.7385x + 39.946), the line segment QU is a straight line.

[0059] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration from the 54th perspective includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression section, and an absorber. The refrigerant includes difluoromethane (R32), carbon dioxide (CO2), pentafluoroethane (R125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234yf). In the refrigerant, taking the sum of R32, CO2, R125, R134a, and R1234yf as a reference, the mass percentage of R32 is a, the mass percentage of CO2 is b, the mass percentage of R125 is c1, the mass percentage of R134a is c2, the total mass percentage of R125 and R134a is c, the mass percentage of R1234yf is x, and when c1 / (c1 + c2) is r. In the ternary composition diagram with the points where R32 is (100 - x) mass%, CO2 is (100 - x) mass%, and the total of R125 and R134a is (100 - x) mass% as vertices, the coordinates (a, b, c) are 1 - 1 - 1) When 43.8 ≥ x ≥ 41 and 0.5 ≥ r ≥ 0.25, Point A(-0.6902x + 43.307, 100 - a - x, 0.0), Point O r=0.25~0.5 ((-2.2857x + 87.314)r 2 +(1.7143x - 55.886)r + (-0.9643x + 55.336), (2.2857x - 112.91)r 2 +(-1.7143x + 104.69)r + (-0.25x + 11.05), 100 - a - b - x), Point D r=0.25~0.5 (0.0, -28.8r 2 +54.0r + (-x + 49.9), 100 - b - x) and Point Q(0.0, 100 - x, 0.0) Is within or on the line segment connecting the quadrilateral range surrounded by the line segment (however, the points on the line segment D r=0.25~0.5 Q and QA are excluded), or 1 - 1 - 2) When 43.8 ≥ x ≥ 41 and 1.0 ≥ r ≥ 0.5, Point A(-0.6902x + 43.307, 100 - a - c, 0.0), Point O r=0.5~1.0 ((-0.2857x + 8.5143)r 2 + (0.5x - 10.9) + (-0.8571x + 52.543), (-0.2857x + 4.5143)r 2 + (0.5x + 0.9)r + (-0.7143x + 33.586), 100 - a - b - x), Point D r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, (-0.5714x + 12.229)r 2 + (0.8571x - 0.3429)r + (-1.2857x + 66.814), 100 - b - x) and Point Q(0.0, 100 - x, 0.0) Is it within the range of the quadrilateral surrounded by the line segments connecting them or on the line segments (however, points on line segments D r=0.5~1.0 Q and QA are excluded), or 1 - 2 - 1) When 46.5 ≥ x ≥ 43.8 and 0.5 ≥ r ≥ 0.25, Point A(-0.6902x + 43.307, 100 - a - x, 0.0), Point O r=0.25~0.5 ((1.1852x - 64.711)r 2 + (-0.7407x + 51.644)r + (-0.5556x + 37.433), (-2.3704x + 91.022)r 2 + (2.0741x - 61.244)r + (-0.963x + 42.278), 100 - a - b - x), Point D r=0.25~0.5 (0.0, -28.8r 2 + 54.0r + (-x + 49.9), 100 - b - x) and Point Q(0.0, 100 - x, 0.0) Is it within the range of the quadrilateral surrounded by the line segments connecting them or on the line segments (however, points on line segments D r=0.25~0.5 Q and QA are excluded), or 1 - 2 - 2) When 46.5 ≥ x ≥ 43 and 1.0 ≥ r ≥ 0.5, Point A(-0.6902x + 43.307, 100 - a - x, 0.0), Point Or=0.5~1.0 ((0.2963x - 16.978)r2 + (-0.3704x + 27.222)r + (-0.5185x + 37.711), -8.0r2 + 22.8r + (-0.5185x + 25.011), 100 - a - b - x), Point D r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, -12.8r 2 + 37.2r + (-x + 54.3), 100 - b - x) and Point Q(0.0, 100 - x, 0.0) Is it within the range of the quadrilateral surrounded by the line segment connecting them or on the line segment (however, points on the line segments D r=0.5~1.0 Q and QA are excluded), 1 - 3 - 1) When 50 ≥ x ≥ 46.5 and 0.5 ≥ r ≥ 0.25, Point A(-0.6902x + 43.307, 100 - a - x, 0.0), Point O r=0.25~0.5 (-9.6r 2 + 17.2r + (-0.6571x + 42.157), -19.2r 2 +(0.2286x + 24.571)r + (-0.6286x + 26.729), 100 - a - b - x), Point D r=0.25~0.5 (0.0, (0.9143x - 71.314)r 2 + (-0.5714x + 80.571)+(-0.9143x + 45.914), 100 - b - x) and Point Q(0.0, 100 - x, 0.0) Is it within the range of the quadrilateral surrounded by the line segment connecting them or on the line segment (however, points on the line segments D r=0.25~0.5 Q and QA are excluded), or 1 - 3 - 2) When 50 ≥ x ≥ 46.5 and 1.0 ≥ r ≥ 0.5, Point A(-0.6902x + 43.307, 100 - a - x, 0.0), Point O r=0.5~1.0 ((-0.2286x + 7.4286)r 2 +(0.4x - 8.6)r + (-0.8x + 50.8), (0.2286x - 18.629)r 2+(-0.2857x + 36.086)r + (-0.4286x + 20.829), 100 - a - b - x) Point D r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, (0.2286x - 23.429)r 2 +(-0.4x + 55.8)r + (-0.8286x + 46.329), 100 - b - x) and Point Q(0.0, 100 - x, 0.0) within or on the line segment connecting the quadrilateral region surrounded by (however, points on the line segments D r=0.5~1.0 Q and QA are excluded).

[0060] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration of the 55th aspect includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression unit, and an absorber. The refrigerant includes R32, CO2, R125, R134a, and R1234yf, In the refrigerant, taking the sum of R32, CO2, R125, R134a, and R1234yf as a reference, the mass% of R32 is a, the mass% of CO2 is b, the mass% of R125 is c1, the mass% of R134a is c2, the total mass% of R125 and R134a is c, the mass% of R1234yf is x, and when c1 / (c1 + c2) is r, In the ternary composition diagram with the points where R32 is (100 - x) mass%, CO2 is (100 - x) mass%, and the total of R125 and R134a is (100 - x) mass% as vertices, the coordinates (a, b, c) are 2 - 1 - 1) When 43.8 ≥ x ≥ 41 and 0.5 ≥ r ≥ 0.25, Point F r=0.25~0.5 (0.0, (-1.1429x + 37.257)r 2 +(1.2857x - 38.714)r - (-1.7143x + 106.89), 100 - b - x), Point P r=0.25~0.5 ((-1.1429x + 34.057)r 2 +(1.0x - 21.0)r + (-0.4643x + 27.636), (2.2857x - 119.31)r 2+(-2.0x + 122.0)r + (-0.3929x + 19.907), 100 - a - b - x) and Point D r=0.25~0.5 (0.0, -28.8r 2 + 54.0r + (-x + 49.9), 100 - b - x) Is it within the range of the triangle surrounded by the line segment connecting them or on the line segment (however, excluding the points on the line segment D r=0.25~0.5 F r=0.25~0.5 ), or When 43.8 ≥ x ≥ 41 and 1.0 ≥ r ≥ 0.5, Point F r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, (3.7143x - 159.49)r 2 + (-5.0714x + 222.53)r + (0.25x + 25.45), 100 - b - x), Point P r=0.5~1.0 ((3.4286x - 138.17)r 2 + (-5.4286x + 203.57) + (1.6071x - 41.593), (-2.8571x + 106.74)r 2 + (4.5714x - 143.63)r + (-2.3929x + 96.027), 100 - a - b - x) and Point D r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, (-0.5714x + 12.229)r 2 + (0.8571x - 0.3429)r + (-1.2857x + 66.814), 100 - b - x) Is it within the range of the triangle surrounded by the line segment connecting them or on the line segment (however, excluding the points on the line segment D r=0.5~1.0 F r=0.5~1.0 ), or When 46.5 ≥ x ≥ 43 and 0.5 ≥ r ≥ 0.25, Point F r=0.25~0.5 (0.0, (9.4815x - 428.09)r 2 + (-7.1111x + 329.07)r + (-0.2593x + 43.156), 100 - b - x), Point P r=0.25~0.5 ((-8.2963x + 347.38)r 2+(4.8889x - 191.33)r + (-0.963x + 49.478), (7.1111x - 330.67)r 2 +(-4.1481x + 216.09)r + (-0.2593x + 14.056), 100 - a - b - x) and Point D r=0.25~0.5 (0.0, -28.8r 2 +54.0r + (-x + 49.9), 100 - b - x) within or on the line segment connecting them, within the range of the triangle enclosed by the line segment (however, excluding the points on the line segment D r=0.25~0.5 F r=0.25~0.5 ), or when 46.5 ≥ x ≥ 43 and 1.0 ≥ r ≥ 0.5, Point F r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, (-4.7407x + 210.84)r 2 +(6.963x - 304.58)r + (-3.7407x + 200.24), 100 - b - x), Point P r=0.5~1.0 ((0.2963x - 0.9778)r 2 +(0.2222x - 43.933)r + (-0.7778x + 62.867), (-0.2963x - 5.4222)r 2 +(-0.0741x + 59.844)r + (-0.4444x + 10.867), 100 - a - b - x) and Point D r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, -12.8r 2 +37.2r + (-x + 54.3), 100 - b - x) within or on the line segment connecting them, within the range of the triangle enclosed by the line segment (however, excluding the points on the line segment D r=0.5~1.0 F r=0.5~1.0 ), or when 50 ≥ x ≥ 46.5 and 0.37 ≥ r ≥ 0.25, Point F r=0.25~0.37 (0.0, (-35.714x + 1744.0)r 2 +(23.333x - 1128.3)r + (-5.144x + 276.32), 100 - b - x), Point P r=0.25~0.37 ((11.905x - 595.24)r 2+(-7.6189x + 392.61)r + (0.9322x - 39.027), (-27.778x + 1305.6)r 2 +(17.46x - 796.35)r + (-3.5147x + 166.48), 100 - a - b - x) and Point D r=0.25~0.37 (0.0, (0.9143x - 71.314)r 2 +(-0.5714x + 80.571) + (-0.9143x + 45.914), 100 - b - x) Is it within the range of the triangle surrounded by the line segment connecting or on the line segment (however, the points on the line segment D r=0.25~0.37 F r=0.25~0.37 Excluding the points on), or When 50 ≧ x ≧ 46.5 and 1.0 ≧ r ≧ 0.5, Point F r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, (2.2857x - 115.89)r 2 +(-3.0857x + 162.69)r + (-0.3714x + 43.571), 100 - b - x), Point P r=0.5~1.0 ((-3.2x + 161.6)r 2 +(4.4571x - 240.86)r + (-2.0857x + 123.69), (2.5143x - 136.11)r 2 +(-3.3714x + 213.17)r + (0.5429x - 35.043), 100 - a - b - x) and Point D r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, (0.2286x - 23.429)r 2 +(-0.4x + 55.8)r + (-0.8286x + 46.329), 100 - b - x) Is within the range of the triangle surrounded by the line segment connecting or on the line segment (however, the points on the line segment D r=0.5~1.0 F r=0.5~1.0 Excluding the points on).

[0061] The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration from the 56th perspective is the refrigerant cycle device from the 54th or 55th perspective, and the refrigerant contains 99.5 mass% or more of the total of R32, CO2, R125, R134a, and R1234yf with respect to the entire refrigerant.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0062]

Figure 1A

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Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0063] (1) (1-1) Definition of Terms In this specification, the term "refrigerant" includes at least compounds with a refrigerant number starting with R (ASHRAE number) defined by ISO817 (International Organization for Standardization) to represent the type of refrigerant. Further, even if a refrigerant number has not been assigned yet, those having characteristics equivalent to such refrigerants are included. Refrigerants are roughly classified into "fluorocarbon-based compounds" and "non-fluorocarbon-based compounds" in terms of the structure of the compounds. "Fluorocarbon-based compounds" include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Examples of "non-fluorocarbon-based compounds" include propane (R290), propylene (R1270), butane (R600), isobutane (R600a), carbon dioxide (R744), and ammonia (R717).

[0064] As used herein, the term "composition containing a refrigerant" includes at least (1) the refrigerant itself (including mixtures of refrigerants), (2) a composition that further contains other components and can be used to obtain a refrigerant composition for use as a refrigerant by mixing with at least refrigeration oil, and (3) a refrigerant composition for use as a refrigerant containing refrigeration oil. In this specification, among these three aspects, the composition of (2) is referred to as a "refrigerant composition" to distinguish it from the refrigerant itself (including mixtures of refrigerants). Further, the refrigerant composition for use as a refrigerant of (3) is referred to as a "refrigerant composition containing refrigeration oil - based working fluid" to distinguish it from the "refrigerant composition".

[0065] As used herein, the term "substitute" when used in the context of "substituting" a first refrigerant with a second refrigerant, in a first type, means that in a device designed to operate using the first refrigerant, with only minor component changes (at least one of refrigeration oil, gaskets, packings, expansion valves, driers, and other components) and equipment adjustments as necessary, it is possible to operate using the second refrigerant under optimal conditions. That is, this type refers to operating the same device by "substituting" the refrigerant. As aspects of this type of "substitute", in ascending order of the degree of change or adjustment required when replacing with the second refrigerant, there can be "drop - in substitute", "nearly drop - in substitute", and "retrofit".

[0066] As a second type, using a device designed to operate using the second refrigerant and equipped with the second refrigerant for the same use as the existing use of the first refrigerant is also included in the term "substitute". This type refers to providing the same use by "substituting" the refrigerant.

[0067] As used herein, the term "refrigerator" refers to a general device that removes heat from an object or space to a temperature lower than the ambient outside air and maintains this low temperature. In other words, a refrigerator refers to a conversion device that obtains energy from the outside, performs work, and converts energy in order to transfer heat from a lower temperature to a higher temperature.

[0068] In the present disclosure, when a refrigerant is "non-flammable", it means that in the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard of the United States, the WCF (Worst case of formulation for flammability) composition, which is the most flammable composition among the refrigerant allowable concentrations, is determined to be "Class 1".

[0069] As used herein, when a refrigerant is "weakly flammable", it means that in the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard of the United States, the WCF composition is determined to be "Class 2".

[0070] In the present disclosure, when a refrigerant is "ASHRAE non-flammable", it refers to a case where the WCF composition or the WCFF composition can be specified as non-flammable in a test based on the measuring device and measuring method of ASTM E681-2009 [Standard Test Method for Flammability Limits of Chemicals (Vapors and Gases)], and is classified into "Class 1 ASHRAE non-flammable (WCF non-flammable)" or "Class 1 ASHRAE non-flammable (WCFF non-flammable)", respectively. The WCFF composition (Worst case of fractionation for flammability: the most flammable mixed composition) is specified by conducting a leakage test during storage, transportation, and use based on ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013.

[0071] As used herein, when a refrigerant is "slightly flammable", it means that in the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard of the United States, the WCF composition is determined to be "Class 2L".

[0072] As used herein, "Temperature Glide" can be rephrased as the absolute value of the difference between the starting temperature and the ending temperature of the phase change process of a composition containing the refrigerant of the present disclosure within a component of a thermal cycle system.

[0073] As used herein, "automotive air conditioner" refers to a type of refrigeration device used in automobiles such as gasoline vehicles, hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, and hydrogen vehicles. An automotive air conditioner refers to a refrigeration device consisting of a refrigeration cycle in which heat exchange is performed between a liquid refrigerant in an evaporator, the evaporated refrigerant gas is sucked into a compressor, the adiabatically compressed refrigerant gas is cooled and liquefied in a condenser, and then adiabatically expanded through an expansion valve and then supplied again as a liquid refrigerant to the evaporator.

[0074] As used herein, "turbo chiller" refers to a type of large chiller. A turbo chiller refers to a refrigeration device consisting of a refrigeration cycle in which heat exchange is performed between a liquid refrigerant in an evaporator, the evaporated refrigerant gas is sucked into a centrifugal compressor, the adiabatically compressed refrigerant gas is cooled and liquefied in a condenser, and then adiabatically expanded through an expansion valve and then supplied again as a liquid refrigerant to the evaporator. Note that the above "large chiller" refers to a large air conditioner for the purpose of air conditioning in a building unit.

[0075] As used herein, "saturation pressure" means the pressure of saturated vapor.

[0076] As used herein, "discharge temperature" means the temperature of the mixed refrigerant at the discharge port of the compressor.

[0077] As used herein, "evaporation pressure" means the saturation pressure at the evaporation temperature.

[0078] As used herein, "critical temperature" means the temperature at the critical point, which means the boundary temperature at which a gas cannot be liquefied at a temperature below this even when compressed.

[0079] In this specification, GWP means a value based on the value in the 4th report of the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change).

[0080] In this specification, the description of "mass ratio" is synonymous with the description of "composition ratio".

[0081] (1-2) Refrigerant Although details will be described later, any one of Refrigerant 1A, Refrigerant 1B, Refrigerant 1C, Refrigerant 1D, Refrigerant 1E, Refrigerant 2A, Refrigerant 2B, Refrigerant 2C, Refrigerant 2D, and Refrigerant 2E of the present disclosure (which may be referred to as "the refrigerant of the present disclosure") can be used as the refrigerant.

[0082] (1-3) Refrigerant composition The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure contains at least the refrigerant of the present disclosure and can be used for the same purpose as the refrigerant of the present disclosure. Further, the refrigerant composition of the present disclosure can be used to obtain a refrigerant working fluid by mixing at least with refrigeration machine oil.

[0083] The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure contains, in addition to the refrigerant of the present disclosure, at least one other component. The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure may contain at least one of the following other components as necessary. As described above, when the refrigerant composition of the present disclosure is used as a working fluid in a refrigerator, it is usually mixed with at least refrigeration machine oil and used. Therefore, the refrigerant composition of the present disclosure preferably does not substantially contain refrigeration machine oil. Specifically, the content of refrigeration machine oil in the refrigerant composition of the present disclosure is preferably 0 to 1% by mass, more preferably 0 to 0.1% by mass, based on the entire refrigerant composition.

[0084] (1-3-1) Water The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure may contain a small amount of water. The water content in the refrigerant composition is preferably 0.1% by mass or less based on the entire refrigerant. When the refrigerant composition contains a small amount of water, the intramolecular double bond of the unsaturated fluorocarbon-based compound that can be contained in the refrigerant is stabilized, and the oxidation of the unsaturated fluorocarbon-based compound is also less likely to occur, so the stability of the refrigerant composition is improved.

[0085] (1-3-2) Tracer The tracer is added to the refrigerant composition of the present disclosure at a detectable concentration so that when the refrigerant composition of the present disclosure is diluted, contaminated, or otherwise changed, the change can be traced.

[0086] The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure may contain one kind of tracer alone or two or more kinds of tracers.

[0087] The tracer is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from generally used tracers.

[0088] Examples of the tracer include hydrofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorocarbons, fluorocarbons, deuterated hydrocarbons, deuterated hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, fluoroethers, brominated compounds, iodinated compounds, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, nitrous oxide (N2O), etc. As the tracer, hydrofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorocarbons, fluorocarbons, and fluoroethers are particularly preferred.

[0089] The following compounds are preferred as the tracer. FC-14 (tetrafluoromethane, CF4) HCC-40 (chloromethane, CH3Cl) HFC-23 (trifluoromethane, CHF3) HFC-41 (fluoromethane, CH3F) HFC-125 (Pentafluoroethane, CF3CHF2) HFC-134a (1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane, CF3CH2F) HFC-134 (1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane, CHF2CHF2) HFC-143a (1,1,1-Trifluoroethane, CF3CH3) HFC-143 (1,1,2-Trifluoroethane, CHF2CH2F) HFC-152a (1,1-Difluoroethane, CHF2CH3) HFC-152 (1,2-Difluoroethane, CH2FCH2F) HFC-161 (Fluoroethane, CH3CH2F) HFC-245fa (1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluoropropane, CF3CH2CHF2) HFC-236fa (1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoropropane, CF3CH2CF3) HFC-236ea (1,1,1,2,3,3-Hexafluoropropane, CF3CHFCHF2) HFC-227ea (1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane, CF3CHFCF3) HCFC-22 (Chlorodifluoromethane, CHClF2) HCFC-31 (Chlorofluoromethane, CH2ClF) CFC-1113 (Chlorotrifluoroethylene, CF2=CClF) HFE-125 (Trifluoromethyl-difluoromethyl ether, CF3OCHF2) HFE-134a (Trifluoromethyl-fluoromethyl ether, CF3OCH2F) HFE-143a (Trifluoromethyl-methyl ether, CF3OCH3) HFE-227ea (Trifluoromethyl-tetrafluoroethyl ether, CF3OCHFCF3) HFE-236fa (Trifluoromethyl-trifluoroethyl ether, CF3OCH2CF3) The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure may contain a total of about 10 parts per million by weight (ppm) to about 1000 ppm of a tracer with respect to the entire refrigerant composition. The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure may preferably contain a total of about 30 ppm to about 500 ppm, more preferably about 50 ppm to about 300 ppm of a tracer with respect to the entire refrigerant composition.

[0090] (1-3-3) Ultraviolet fluorescent dye The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as an ultraviolet fluorescent dye.

[0091] The ultraviolet fluorescent dye is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from commonly used ultraviolet fluorescent dyes.

[0092] Examples of the ultraviolet fluorescent dye include naphthalimide, coumarin, anthracene, phenanthrene, xanthene, thioxanthene, naphthoxanthene, and fluorescein, and derivatives thereof. As the ultraviolet fluorescent dye, either or both of naphthalimide and coumarin are particularly preferable.

[0093] (1-3-4) Stabilizer The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as a stabilizer.

[0094] The stabilizer is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from commonly used stabilizers.

[0095] Examples of the stabilizer include nitro compounds, ethers, and amines.

[0096] Examples of the nitro compound include aliphatic nitro compounds such as nitromethane and nitroethane, and aromatic nitro compounds such as nitrobenzene and nitrostyrene.

[0097] Examples of the ether include 1,4-dioxane.

[0098] Examples of the amines include 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylamine, diphenylamine, and the like.

[0099] Other examples include butylhydroxyxylene, benzotriazole, and the like.

[0100] The content ratio of the stabilizer is not particularly limited, and is usually preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 2% by mass, based on the entire refrigerant.

[0101] (1-3-5) Polymerization inhibitor The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure may contain one kind of polymerization inhibitor alone or two or more kinds of polymerization inhibitors.

[0102] The polymerization inhibitor is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from generally used polymerization inhibitors.

[0103] Examples of the polymerization inhibitor include 4-methoxy-1-naphthol, hydroquinone, hydroquinone methyl ether, dimethyl-t-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, benzotriazole, and the like.

[0104] The content ratio of the polymerization inhibitor is not particularly limited, and is usually preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 2% by mass, based on the entire refrigerant.

[0105] (1-4) Refrigerating machine oil-containing working fluid The refrigerating machine oil-containing working fluid of the present disclosure includes at least the refrigerant or refrigerant composition of the present disclosure and refrigerating machine oil, and is used as a working fluid in a refrigerating machine. Specifically, the refrigerating machine oil-containing working fluid of the present disclosure is obtained by mixing the refrigerating machine oil used in the compressor of the refrigerating machine with the refrigerant or refrigerant composition. Generally, the refrigerating machine oil-containing working fluid contains 10 to 50% by mass of refrigerating machine oil.

[0106] (1-4-1) Refrigerant oil The composition of the present disclosure may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as the refrigerant oil.

[0107] The refrigerant oil is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from commonly used refrigerant oils. In that case, if necessary, a refrigerant oil that is more excellent in terms of the miscibility with the mixture and the action of improving the stability of the mixture can be appropriately selected.

[0108] As the base oil of the refrigerant oil, at least one selected from the group consisting of polyalkylene glycol (PAG), polyol ester (POE), and polyvinyl ether (PVE) is preferably used.

[0109] The refrigerant oil may further contain an additive in addition to the base oil. The additive may be at least one selected from the group consisting of an antioxidant, an extreme pressure agent, an acid scavenger, an oxygen scavenger, a copper deactivator, a rust inhibitor, an oiliness agent, and an antifoaming agent.

[0110] As the refrigerant oil, those having a kinematic viscosity at 40 °C of 5 to 400 cSt are preferable in terms of lubrication.

[0111] The refrigerant oil-containing working fluid of the present disclosure may further contain at least one additive if necessary. Examples of the additive include the following compatibilizers.

[0112] (1-4-2) Compatibilizer The refrigerant oil-containing working fluid of the present disclosure may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as the compatibilizer.

[0113] The compatibilizer is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from commonly used compatibilizers.

[0114] Examples of the compatibilizer include polyoxyalkylene glycol ethers, amides, nitriles, ketones, chlorocarbons, esters, lactones, aryl ethers, fluoroethers, 1,1,1-trifluoroalkanes, and the like. As the compatibilizer, polyoxyalkylene glycol ethers are particularly preferred.

[0115] (1-5) Various refrigerants 1 Hereinafter, refrigerants 1A to 1E, which are refrigerants used in the present disclosure, will be described in detail.

[0116] Note that the descriptions of the following refrigerants 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, and 1E are independent of each other, and the alphabets indicating points and line segments, the numbers of examples, and the numbers of comparative examples are all independent of each other among refrigerants 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, and 1E. For example, Example 1 of refrigerant 1A and Example 1 of refrigerant 1B show examples of different embodiments.

[0117] (1-5-1) Refrigerant 1A The refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure is a mixed refrigerant containing trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf).

[0118] The refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure has refrigeration capacity and coefficient of performance equivalent to those of R410A, and has desirable characteristics as an R410A alternative refrigerant, such as a sufficiently small GWP.

[0119] The refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure is a composition containing HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf, and optionally HFO-1123, and may further satisfy the following requirements. This refrigerant 1A also has refrigeration capacity and coefficient of performance equivalent to those of R410A, and has desirable characteristics as an R410A alternative refrigerant, such as a sufficiently small GWP.

[0120] Requirement : When the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their total are x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point D(87.6, 0.0, 12.4), point G(18.2, 55.1, 26.7), point H(56.7, 43.3, 0.0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OD, DG, GH, and HO connecting these four points respectively or on the line segments OD, DG, and GH (excluding points O and H), the line segment DG is coordinates (0.0047y 2 -1.5177y + 87.598, y, -0.0047y 2 + 0.5177y + 12.402) represented by the line segment GH is coordinates (-0.0134z 2 -1.0825z + 56.692, 0.0134z 2 + 0.0825z + 43.308, z) represented by and the line segments HO and OD are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, Refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 92.5% or more based on R410A and a COP ratio of 92.5% or more based on R410A.

[0121] Refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their total are x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point L(72.5, 10.2, 17.3), point G(18.2, 55.1, 26.7), Point H(56.7, 43.3, 0.0) and point I(72.5, 27.5, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments LG, GH, HI, and IL connecting these four points respectively, or on the line segments LG, GH, and IL (excluding points H and I), the line segment LG is coordinates (0.0047y 2 -1.5177y + 87.598, y, -0.0047y 2 + 0.5177y + 12.402) represented by the line segment GH is coordinates (-0.0134z 2 -1.0825z + 56.692, 0.0134z 2 + 0.0825z + 43.308, z) represented by, and it is preferable that the line segments HI and IL are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 92.5% or more based on R410A, and a COP ratio of 92.5% or more based on R410A. Furthermore, it exhibits slightly flammable (2L class) according to the ASHRAE standard.

[0122] For the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages based on the sum of HFO - 1132(E), HFO - 1123, and R1234yf are x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the sum of HFO - 1132(E), HFO - 1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point D(87.6, 0.0, 12.4), point E(31.1, 42.9, 26.0), point F(65.5, 34.5, 0.0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OD, DE, EF, and FO connecting these four points respectively, or on the line segments OD, DE, and EF (excluding points O and F), the line segment DE is coordinates (0.0047y2 -1.5177y + 87.598, y, -0.0047y 2 + 0.5177y + 12.402) represented by the line segment EF is coordinates (-0.0064z 2 -1.1565z + 65.501, 0.0064z 2 + 0.1565z + 34.499, z) represented by, and it is preferable that the line segments FO and OD are straight lines. When the above requirements are satisfied, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 93.5% or more based on R410A, and a COP ratio of 93.5% or more based on R410A.

[0123] In the three-component composition diagram where the total mass of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, when the mass percentages based on the total of these are x, y, and z respectively, for the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point L(72.5, 10.2, 17.3), point E(31.1, 42.9, 26.0), point F(65.5, 34.5, 0.0) and point I(72.5, 27.5, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments LE, EF, FI, and IL connecting these four points respectively, or on the line segments LE, EF, and IL (excluding points F and I), the line segment LE is coordinates (0.0047y 2 -1.5177y + 87.598, y, -0.0047y 2 + 0.5177y + 12.402) represented by the line segment EF is coordinates (-0.0134z 2 -1.0825z + 56.692, 0.0134z 2 + 0.0825z + 43.308, z) represented by and it is preferable that the line segments FI and IL are straight lines. When the above requirements are satisfied, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 93.5% or more and a COP ratio of 93.5% or more based on R410A, and further exhibits slightly flammable (2L class) according to the ASHRAE standard.

[0124] For the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their total are x, y, and z, respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point A(93.4, 0.0, 6.6), point B(55.6, 26.6, 17.8), point C(77.6, 22.4, 0.0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OA, AB, BC, and CO connecting these four points respectively or on the line segments OA, AB, and BC (however, points O and C are excluded), the line segment AB is coordinates (0.0052y 2 -1.5588y + 93.385, y, -0.0052y 2 +0. 5588y + 6.615) represented by the line segment BC is coordinates (-0.0032z 2 -1.1791z + 77.593, 0.0032z 2 +0.1791z + 22.407, z) represented by and it is preferable that the line segments CO and OA are straight lines. When the above requirements are satisfied, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 95% or more and a COP ratio of 95% or more based on R410A.

[0125] The refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their total are x, y, and z, respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are at point K(72.5, 14.1, 13.4), at point B(55.6, 26.6, 17.8), and at point J(72.5, 23.2, 4.3) within the range of the figure surrounded by or on the line segments KB, BJ, and JK connecting these three points respectively, where the line segment KB is represented by the coordinates (0.0052y 2 - 1.5588y + 93.385, y, -0.0052y 2 + 0.5588y + 6.615), and the line segment BJ is represented by the coordinates (-0.0032z 2 - 1.1791z + 77.593, 0.0032z 2 + 0.1791z + 22.407, z), and it is preferable that the line segment JK is a straight line. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 95% or more based on R410A, and a COP ratio of 95% or more based on R410A, and further exhibits nonflammability (2L class) according to the ASHRAE standard.

[0126] The refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure may further contain difluoromethane (R32) in addition to HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf within a range that does not impair the above characteristics and effects. The content ratio of R32 relative to the whole of the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure is not particularly limited and can be widely selected. For example, when the content ratio of R32 relative to the whole of the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure is 21.8% by mass, the GWP of this mixed refrigerant is 150, so the content ratio of R32 can also be set to be less than that. The content ratio of R32 relative to the whole of the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure may be, for example, 5% by mass or more.

[0127] In addition to HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf, when the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure further contains R32, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based on their total sum are x, y, z, and a, respectively, in the ternary composition diagrams (Figs. 1C to 1I) where the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 0 < a ≤ 10.0, point A(0.02a 2 -2.46a + 93.4, 0, -0.02a 2 +2.46a + 6.6), point B'(-0.008a 2 -1.38a + 56, 0.018a 2 -0.53a + 26.3, -0.01a 2 +1.91a + 17.7), point C(-0.016a 2 +1.02a + 77.6, 0.016a 2 -1.02a + 22.4, 0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting these four points respectively or on the straight lines OA, AB', and B'C (however, points O and C are excluded), when 10.0 < a ≤ 16.5, point A(0.0244a 2 -2.5695a + 94.056, 0, -0.0244a 2 +2.5695a + 5.944), point B'(0.1161a 2 -1.9959a + 59.749, 0.014a 2 -0.3399a + 24.8, -0.1301a 2 +2.3358a + 15.451), point C(-0.0161a 2 +1.02a + 77.6, 0.0161a 2 -1.02a + 22.4, 0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting the four points respectively, or on the straight lines OA, AB', and B'C (excluding the points O and C), or when 16.5 < a ≤ 21.8, point A(0.0161a 2 -2.3535a + 92.742, 0, -0.0161a 2 + 2.3535a + 7.258), point B'(-0.0435a 2 -0.0435a + 50.406, -0.0304a 2 + 1.8991a - 0.0661, 0.0739a 2 -1.8556a + 49.6601), point C(-0.0161a 2 + 0.9959a + 77.851, 0.0161a 2 - 0.9959a + 22.149, 0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) It can be within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting the four points respectively, or on the straight lines OA, AB', and B'C (excluding the points O and C). Note that in the three-component composition diagram, when the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 95% and the COP ratio based on R410A is 95% at point B, point B' is the intersection point of the approximate straight line connecting the points where the COP ratio based on R410A is 95% and the straight line AB. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 95% or more and a COP ratio of 95% or more based on R410A.

[0128] The refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure may further contain other additional refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 within the range that does not impair the above characteristics and effects. In this regard, it is preferable that the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 in the refrigerant 1A is 99.5% by mass or more, more preferably 99.75% by mass or more, and even more preferably 99.9% by mass or more based on the total refrigerant 1A.

[0129] Further, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure may contain 99.5 mass% or more, may contain 99.75 mass% or more, or may further contain 99.9 mass% or more of the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf with respect to the entire refrigerant 1A.

[0130] Further, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure may contain 99.5 mass% or more, may contain 99.75 mass% or more, or may further contain 99.9 mass% or more of the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 with respect to the entire refrigerant 1A.

[0131] The additional refrigerant is not particularly limited and can be widely selected. The mixed refrigerant may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as the additional refrigerant.

[0132] The refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure is suitable for use as an alternative refrigerant to R410A. (Examples of Refrigerant 1A) Examples of the refrigerant 1A are given below for a more detailed description. However, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0133] A mixed refrigerant was prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf at the mass percentages shown in Tables 1 to 5 respectively based on their total sum.

[0134] For each of these mixed refrigerants, the COP ratio and the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410 were determined respectively. The calculation conditions were as follows.

[0135] Evaporation temperature: 5°C Condensation temperature: 45°C Superheat degree: 1 K Subcooling degree; 5 K E comp (Compression work amount): 0.7 kWh These values are shown in Tables 1 to 5 together with the GWPs for each of the mixed refrigerants.

[0136]

Table 1

[0137]

Table 2

[0138]

Table 3

[0139]

Table 4

[0140]

Table 5

[0141] From these results, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their total are x, y, and z, respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point D (87.6, 0.0, 12.4), point G (18.2, 55.1, 26.7), point H (56.7, 43.3, 0.0), and point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0) In the case where it is within the range of the figure (Figure 1B) surrounded by the line segments OD, DG, GH, and HO connecting these four points respectively or on the line segments OD, DG, and GH (excluding point O and point H), it can be seen that the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 92.5% or more and the COP ratio based on R410A is 92.5% or more.

[0142] Also, similarly, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of the figure (Figure 1B) surrounded by the line segments OD, DE, EF, and FO connecting the four points of point D(87.6, 0.0, 12.4), point E(31.1, 42.9, 26.0), point F(65.5, 34.5, 0.0), and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) respectively, or on the line segments OD, DE, and EF (excluding points O and F), it can be seen that the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 93.5% or more, and the COP ratio based on R410A is 93.5% or more.

[0143] Also, similarly, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of the figure (Figure 1B) surrounded by the line segments OA, AB, BC, and CO connecting the four points of point A(93.4, 0.0, 6.6), point B(55.6, 26.6, 17.8), point C(77.6, 22.4, 0.0), and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) respectively, or on the line segments OA, AB, and BC (excluding points O and C), it can be seen that the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 95% or more, and the COP ratio based on R410A is 95% or more.

[0144] In these compositions, R1234yf contributes to suppressing deterioration such as a decrease in flammability and polymerization, and it is preferably included.

[0145] Furthermore, for each of these mixed refrigerants, the combustion rate was measured according to the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard. Those with a combustion rate of 10 cm / s or less were defined as "Class 2L (slightly flammable)". From these results, it became clear that in the mixed refrigerants of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf, when HFO-1132(E) is contained at 72.5 mass% or less based on the sum of these, it can be judged as "Class 2L (slightly flammable)".

[0146] The combustion rate test was carried out as follows using the apparatus shown in Fig. 1A. First, the mixed refrigerant used had a purity of 99.5% or higher, and was degassed by repeating the cycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no trace of air was visible on the vacuum gauge. The combustion rate was measured by the closed method. The initial temperature was the ambient temperature. Ignition was carried out by generating an electrical spark between the electrodes at the center of the sample cell. The duration of the discharge was 1.0 - 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 - 1.0 J. The spread of the flame was visualized using Schlieren photography. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with two acrylic windows through which light passed was used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp was used as the light source. The Schlieren image of the flame was recorded by a high-speed digital video camera at a framing rate of 600 fps and saved on a PC.

[0147] HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 were mixed to prepare a mixed refrigerant in the mass percentages shown in Tables 6 - 12, respectively, based on the sum of these.

[0148] For each of these mixed refrigerants, the COP ratio and the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A were determined, respectively. The calculation conditions were the same as described above. These values are shown in Tables 6 - 12 together with the GWP for each mixed refrigerant.

[0149] [Table 6]

[0150] [Table 7]

[0151] [Table 8]

[0152]

Table 9

[0153]

Table 10

[0154]

Table 11

[0155]

Table 12

[0156] From these results, when the mass % based on the sum of these of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 are x, y, z, and a, respectively, in the ternary composition diagrams (Figs. 1C to 1I) where the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 0 < a ≤ 10.0, point A(0.02a 2 -2.46a + 93.4, 0, -0.02a 2 + 2.46a + 6.6), point B'(-0.008a 2 -1.38a + 56, 0.018a 2 -0.53a + 26.3, -0.01a 2 + 1.91a + 17.7), point C(-0.016a 2 + 1.02a + 77.6, 0.016a 2 -1.02a + 22.4, 0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) are within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting these four points respectively or on the straight lines OA, AB', and B'C (however, excluding point O and point C), when 10.0 < a ≤ 16.5, point A(0.0244a 2-2.5695a + 94.056, 0, -0.0244a 2 +2.5695a + 5.944), Point B'(0.1161a 2 -1.9959a + 59.749, 0.014a 2 -0.3399a + 24.8, -0.1301a 2 +2.3358a + 15.451), Point C(-0.0161a 2 +1.02a + 77.6, 0.0161a 2 -1.02a + 22.4, 0) and Point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting these four points respectively or on the straight lines OA, AB', and B'C (however, excluding point O and point C), or when 16.5 < a ≤ 21.8, Point A(0.0161a 2 -2.3535a + 92.742, 0, -0.0161a 2 +2.3535a + 7.258), Point B'(-0.0435a 2 -0.0435a + 50.406, -0.0304a 2 +1.8991a - 0.0661, 0.0739a 2 -1.8556a + 49.6601), Point C(-0.0161a 2 +0.9959a + 77.851, 0.0161a 2 -0.9959a + 22.149, 0) and Point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) It can be seen that the refrigerant of the present disclosure is within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting these four points respectively or on the straight lines OA, AB', and B'C (however, excluding point O and point C), and the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 95% or more, and the COP ratio based on R410A is 95% or more.

[0157] Note that FIGS. 1C to 1I respectively represent the compositions when the R32 content ratio a (mass %) is 0 mass %, 5 mass %, 10 mass %, 14.3 mass %, 16.5 mass %, 19.2 mass %, and 21.8 mass % in order.

[0158] Note that in the ternary composition diagram, when point B' is a point where the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 95% and the COP ratio based on R410A is 95%, and point C is a point where the COP ratio based on R410A is 95%, point B' is the intersection point of the approximate straight line connecting three points including point C and the straight line AB.

[0159] Points A, B', and C were obtained as follows by approximate calculation respectively.

[0160] Point A is a point where the HFO-1123 content ratio is 0 mass % and the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 95%. For point A, three points were obtained for each of the following three ranges by calculation, and these approximate formulas were obtained.

[0161] [Table 13]

[0162] Point C is a point where the R1234yf content ratio is 0 mass % and the COP ratio based on R410A is 95%. For point C, three points were obtained for each of the following three ranges by calculation, and these approximate formulas were obtained.

[0163] [Table 14]

[0164] For point B', three points were obtained for each of the following three ranges by calculation, and these approximate formulas were obtained.

[0165] [Table 15]

[0166] (1-5-2) Refrigerant 1B The refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure is a mixed refrigerant containing 99.5 mass% or more of the total of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 with respect to the whole of the refrigerant 1B, and containing 62.5 mass% to 72.5 mass% of HFO-1132(E) with respect to the whole of the refrigerant 1B.

[0167] The refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure has desirable characteristics as an R410A alternative refrigerant, including (1) having a coefficient of performance equivalent to that of R410A, (2) having a refrigerating capacity equivalent to that of R410A, (3) having a sufficiently small GWP, and (4) being slightly flammable (2L class) according to ASHRAE standards.

[0168] The refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure is particularly preferable because it becomes slightly flammable (2L class) according to ASHRAE standards as long as it is a mixed refrigerant containing 72.5 mass% or less of HFO-1132(E).

[0169] The refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure is more preferably a mixed refrigerant containing 62.5 mass% or more of HFO-1132(E). In this case, the coefficient of performance ratio of the refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure based on R410A becomes more excellent, and the polymerization reaction of HFO-1132(E) and / or HFO-1123 is more suppressed, resulting in more excellent stability.

[0170] The refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure may further contain other additional refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 as long as the above characteristics and effects are not impaired. In this regard, it is more preferable that the refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure contains 99.75 mass% or more of the total of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 with respect to the whole of the refrigerant 1B, and it is even more preferable to contain 99.9 mass% or more.

[0171] The additional refrigerant is not particularly limited and can be widely selected. The mixed refrigerant may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as the additional refrigerant.

[0172] The refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure is suitable for use as an alternative refrigerant to HFC refrigerants such as R410A, R407C, and R404A, and HCFC refrigerants such as R22. (Examples of Refrigerant 1B) Examples of the refrigerant 1B will be given below for more detailed description. However, the refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0173] A mixed refrigerant was prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 in mass % (mass%) shown in Tables 16 and 17 respectively based on their total sum.

[0174] The GWP of a composition containing a mixture of R410A (R32 = 50% / R125 = 50%) was evaluated based on the values in the 4th report of the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). Although there is no description of the GWP of HFO-1132(E), its GWP was assumed to be 1 from HFO-1132a (GWP = 1 or less) and HFO-1123 (GWP = 0.3, described in Patent Document 1). The refrigerating capacity of a composition containing a mixture of R410A, HFO-1132(E), and HFO-1123 was determined by performing a theoretical calculation of the refrigeration cycle of the mixed refrigerant under the following conditions using the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties Database (Refprop 9.0). Evaporation temperature 5°C Condensation temperature 45°C Superheat temperature 1 K Subcooling temperature 5 K Compressor efficiency 70% Also, the GWP, COP, and refrigerating capacity calculated based on these results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Note that the specific COP and specific refrigerating capacity are shown as ratios to R410A.

[0175] The coefficient of performance (COP) was determined by the following formula. COP = (Cooling capacity or heating capacity) / Power consumption Also, the flammability was measured according to the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard. Those with a combustion rate of 10 cm / s or less were defined as "Class 2L (slightly flammable)".

[0176] The combustion rate test was conducted as follows using the apparatus shown in Fig. 1A. First, the mixed refrigerant used was 99.5% or higher in purity and was degassed by repeating the cycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no trace of air was visible on the vacuum gauge. The combustion rate was measured by the closed method. The initial temperature was the ambient temperature. Ignition was carried out by generating an electrical spark between electrodes at the center of the sample cell. The discharge duration was 1.0 - 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 - 1.0 J. The spread of the flame was visualized using schlieren photography. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with two acrylic windows through which light passes was used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp was used as the light source. The schlieren image of the flame was recorded with a high-speed digital video camera at a framing rate of 600 fps and saved on a PC.

[0177]

Table 16

[0178]

Table 17

[0179] When the composition contains HFO-1132(E) in an amount of 62.5 mass% to 72.5 mass% based on the total amount of the composition, it has a low GWP of GWP = 1, is stable, ensures ASHRAE flammability 2L, and furthermore, surprisingly, can ensure performance equivalent to that of R410A.

[0180] (1-5-3) Refrigerant 1C Refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure is a mixed refrigerant comprising HFO-1132(E), R32 and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf).

[0181] Refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure has desirable properties as an alternative to R410A, including a cooling capacity equivalent to that of R410A, a sufficiently small GWP, and mild flammability (2L class) according to the ASHRAE standard.

[0182] In the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on the sum of these are x, y, and z, respectively, in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are as follows: Point A(71.1, 0.0, 28.9), Point C(36.5, 18.2, 45.3), Point F(47.6, 18.3, 34.1) and Point D(72.0, 0.0, 28.0) Within the area bounded by the line segments AC, CF, FD, and DA connecting the four points above, or on said line segments, The line segment AC is Coordinates (0.0181y 2 -2.2288y+71.096, y, -0.0181y 2 +1.2288y+28.904) It is expressed as The line segment FD is Coordinates (0.02y 2 -1.7y+72, y, -0.02y 2 +0.7y+28) and It is preferable that the line segments CF and DA are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure has a refrigeration capacity ratio of 85% or more based on R410A, a GWP of 125 or less, and is slightly flammable (2L class) according to the ASHRAE standard.

[0183] The refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf are x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point A(71.1, 0.0, 28.9), point B(42.6, 14.5, 42.9), point E(51.4, 14.6, 34.0) and point D(72.0, 0.0, 28.0) within the range or on the line segments connecting these four points A, B, E, and D, namely the line segments AB, BE, ED, and DA, the line segment AB is coordinates (0.0181y 2 -2.2288y + 71.096, y, -0.0181y 2 + 1.2288y + 28.904) represented by the line segment ED is coordinates (0.02y 2 -1.7y + 72, y, -0.02y 2 + 0.7y + 28) represented by, and it is preferable that the line segments BE and DA are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or more based on R410A, a GWP of 100 or less, and is slightly flammable (2L class) according to ASHRAE standards.

[0184] The refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf are x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point G(77.5, 6.9, 15.6), point I(55.1, 18.3, 26.6) and point J(77.5, 18.4, 4.1) Within the range of the figure enclosed by the line segments GI, IJ, and JK that connect the three points respectively, or on said line segments, where the line segment GI is at the coordinates (0.02y 2 -2.4583y + 93.396, y, -0.02y 2 + 1.4583y + 6.604) and is represented by it is preferable that the line segments IJ and JK are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 95% or more based on R410A, a GWP of 100 or less, and is less likely to cause changes such as polymerization and decomposition, and has excellent stability.

[0185] For the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf are x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are at point G(77.5, 6.9, 15.6), at point H(61.8, 14.6, 23.6) and at point K(77.5, 14.6, 7.9) Within the range of the figure enclosed by the line segments GH, HK, and KG that connect the three points respectively, or on said line segments, where the line segment GH is at the coordinates (0.02y 2 -2.4583y + 93.396, y, -0.02y 2 + 1.4583y + 6.604) and is represented by it is preferable that the line segments HK and KG are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 95% or more based on R410A, a GWP of 100 or less, and is less likely to cause changes such as polymerization and decomposition, and has excellent stability.

[0186] The refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure may further contain other additional refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf, as long as the above characteristics and effects are not impaired. In this regard, it is preferable that the total of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf in the refrigerant 1C is 99.5% by mass or more, more preferably 99.75% by mass or more, and still more preferably 99.9% by mass or more, based on the entire refrigerant 1C.

[0187] The additional refrigerant is not particularly limited and can be widely selected. The mixed refrigerant may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as the additional refrigerant.

[0188] The refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure is suitable for use as an alternative refrigerant to R410A. (Examples of Refrigerant 1C) Examples of the refrigerant 1C are given below for a more detailed description. However, the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0189] For each mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf, the burning velocity was measured according to the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard. While changing the concentration of R32 by 5% by mass each time, a composition showing a burning velocity of 10 cm / s was found. The found composition is shown in Table 18.

[0190] The combustion rate test was conducted as follows using the apparatus shown in Fig. 1A. First, the mixed refrigerant used had a purity of 99.5% or higher, and was degassed by repeating the cycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no trace of air was visible on the vacuum gauge. The combustion rate was measured by the closed method. The initial temperature was the ambient temperature. Ignition was carried out by generating an electrical spark between the electrodes at the center of the sample cell. The duration of the discharge was 1.0 - 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 - 1.0 J. The spread of the flame was visualized using Schlieren photography. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with two acrylic windows through which light passed was used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp was used as the light source. The Schlieren images of the flame were recorded at a framing rate of 600 fps with a high-speed digital video camera and saved to a PC.

[0191]

Table 18

[0192] From these results, in the ternary composition diagram of Fig. 1J where the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass%, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum are x, y, and z respectively, it can be seen that when the coordinates (x, y, z) are on the line segment connecting the five points shown in Table 18 or to the right of that line segment, it is slightly flammable (2L class) according to the ASHRAE standard. This is because R1234yf has been found to have a lower combustion rate than either HFO-1132(E) or R32.

[0193] Mixed refrigerants were prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf at the mass % shown in Tables 19 - 23 respectively based on their sum. For each of the mixed refrigerants in Tables 19 - 23, the coefficient of performance (COP) ratio and refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410 were determined respectively. The calculation conditions were as follows.

[0194] Evaporation temperature: 5°C Condensation temperature: 45°C Superheat degree: 1 K Subcooling degree; 5 K E comp (Compressor work amount): 0.7 kWh These values are shown in Tables 19 to 23 together with the GWP for each mixed refrigerant.

[0195]

Table 19

[0196]

Table 20

[0197]

Table 21

[0198]

Table 22

[0199]

Table 23

[0200] From these results, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on the sum of these are x, y, and z, respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are Point A (71.1, 0.0, 28.9), Point C (36.5, 18.2, 45.3), Point F (47.6, 18.3, 34.1) and Point D (72.0, 0.0, 28.0) When it is within the range or on the line segments of the figure (Figure 1J) surrounded by the line segments AC, CF, FD, and DA that connect the four points respectively, it can be seen that the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 85% or more, the GWP is 125 or less, and it is slightly flammable (2L class) according to the ASHRAE standard.

[0201] Also, similarly, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are Point A(71.1, 0.0, 28.9), Point B(42.6, 14.5, 42.9), Point E(51.4, 14.6, 34.0) and Point D(72.0, 0.0, 28.0) When it is within the range or on the line segments of the figure (Figure 1J) surrounded by the line segments AB, BE, ED, and DA that connect the four points respectively, it can be seen that the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 85% or more, the GWP is 100 or less, and it is slightly flammable (2L class) according to the ASHRAE standard.

[0202] Also, similarly, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are Point G(77.5, 6.9, 15.6), Point I(55.1, 18.3, 26.6) and Point J(77.5. 18.4, 4.1) When it is within the range or on the line segments of the figure (Figure 1J) surrounded by the line segments GI, IJ, and JK that connect the three points respectively, it can be seen that the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 95% or more, the GWP is 125 or less, and it is less likely to cause changes such as polymerization and decomposition and has excellent stability.

[0203] Also, similarly, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are Point G(77.5, 6.9, 15.6), Point H(61.8, 14.6, 23.6) and Point K(77.5, 14.6, 7.9) When it is within the range of the figure (Fig. 1J) surrounded by the line segments GH, HK, and KG connecting these three points respectively or on said line segments, it can be seen that the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 95% or more, the GWP is 100 or less, and it is less likely to cause changes such as polymerization or decomposition and has excellent stability.

[0204] (1-5-4) Refrigerant 1D The refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure is a mixed refrigerant containing HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32.

[0205] The refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure has a coefficient of performance equivalent to that of R410A and has desirable characteristics as an R410A alternative refrigerant, namely, a sufficiently small GWP.

[0206] For the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages based on the sum of these of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 are x, y, and z respectively, in the three-component composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C’(56.7, 43.3, 0.0), point D’(52.2, 38.3, 9.5), point E’(41.8, 39.8, 18.4) and point A’(81.6, 0.0, 18.4) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OC’, C’D’, D’E’, E’A’, and A’O connecting these five points respectively or on the said line segments C’D’, D’E’, and E’A’ (excluding points C’ and A’), the said line segment C’D’ is coordinates (-0.0297z 2 -0.1915z + 56.7, 0.0297z 2 + 1.1915z + 43.3, z) represented by the said line segment D’E’ is coordinates (-0.0535z 2 + 0.3229z + 53.957, 0.0535z2 +0.6771z + 46.043, z) is represented by, and it is preferable that the line segments OC’, E’A’ and A’O are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure has a COP ratio of 92.5% or more and a GWP of 125 or less based on R410A.

[0207] When the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32 based on their total are x, y and z respectively, the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure has coordinates (x, y, z) in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32 is 100% by mass, point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C(77.7, 22.3, 0.0), point D(76.3, 14.2, 9.5), point E(72.2, 9.4, 18.4) and point A’(81.6, 0.0, 18.4) is within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OC, CD, DE, EA’ and A’O connecting these five points respectively or on the line segments CD, DE and EA’ (excluding points C and A’), the line segment CDE is coordinates (-0.017z 2 +0.0148z + 77.684, 0.017z 2 +0.9852z + 22.316, z) is represented by, and it is preferable that the line segments OC, EA’ and A’O are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure has a COP ratio of 95% or more and a GWP of 125 or less based on R410A.

[0208] When the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32 based on their total are x, y and z respectively, the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure has coordinates (x, y, z) in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32 is 100% by mass, Point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), Point C’(56.7, 43.3, 0.0), Point D’(52.2, 38.3, 9.5) and Point A(90.5, 0.0, 9.5) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OC’, C’D’, D’A, and AO connecting these five points respectively, or on the line segments C’D’ and D’A (excluding points C’ and A), the line segment C’D’ is coordinates (-0.0297z 2 -0.1915z + 56.7, 0.0297z 2 + 1.1915z + 43.3, z) represented by, and it is preferable that the line segments OC’, D’A, and AO are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, Refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure has a COP ratio of 93.5% or more and a GWP of 65 or less based on R410A.

[0209] For Refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages based on the sum of HFO - 1132(E), HFO - 1123, and R32 are x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the sum of HFO - 1132(E), HFO - 1123, and R32 is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are Point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), Point C(77.7, 22.3, 0.0), Point D(76.3, 14.2, 9.5), Point A(90.5, 0.0, 9.5) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OC, CD, DA, and AO connecting these five points respectively, or on the line segments CD and DA (excluding points C and A), the line segment CD is coordinates (-0.017z 2 + 0.0148z + 77.684, 0.017z 2 + 0.9852z + 22.316, z) represented by, and It is preferable that the line segments OC, DA, and AO are straight lines. If the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure has a COP ratio of 95% or more and a GWP of 65 or less based on R410A.

[0210] Within the range that does not impair the above characteristics and effects, the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure may further contain other additional refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32. In this regard, it is preferable that the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure contains 99.5% by mass or more, more preferably 99.75% by mass or more, and even more preferably 99.9% by mass or more of the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 with respect to the entire refrigerant 1D.

[0211] The additional refrigerant is not particularly limited and can be widely selected. The mixed refrigerant may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as the additional refrigerant.

[0212] The refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure is suitable for use as an alternative refrigerant to R410A. (Examples of Refrigerant 1D) Examples of the refrigerant 1D will be given below for a more detailed description. However, the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0213] Mixed refrigerants were prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 at the mass percentages shown in Tables 24 to 26 respectively based on their total sum.

[0214] For each of these mixed refrigerants, the COP ratio based on R410 and the refrigeration capacity (which may also be denoted as Refrigeration Capacity (Cooling Capacity or Capacity)) ratio were determined respectively. The calculation conditions were as follows.

[0215] Evaporation temperature: 5°C Condensation temperature: 45°C Superheat degree: 1 K Subcooling degree; 5 K E comp (Compression work): 0.7 kWh These values are shown in Tables 24 to 26 together with the GWP for each of the mixed refrigerants.

[0216]

Table 24

[0217]

Table 25

[0218]

Table 26

[0219] From these results, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum are x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C’(56.7, 43.3, 0.0), point D’(52.2, 38.3, 9.5), point E’(41.8, 39.8, 18.4) and point A’(81.6, 0.0, 18.4) When it is within the range of the figure (Figure 1K) surrounded by the line segments OC’, C’D’, D’E’, E’A’, and A’O connecting these five points respectively or on the line segments C’D’, D’E’, and E’A’ (excluding points C’ and A’), it can be seen that the COP ratio based on R410A is 92.5% or more and the GWP is 125 or less.

[0220] Also, similarly, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C(77.7, 22.3, 0.0), Point D(76.3, 14.2, 9.5), point E(72.2, 9.4, 18.4) and point A’(81.6, 0.0, 18.4) when it is within the range of the figure (Figure 1K) surrounded by the line segments OC, CD, DE, EA’ and A’O connecting these five points respectively, or on the line segments CD, DE and EA’ (excluding points C and A’), it can be seen that the COP ratio based on R410A is 95% or more and the GWP is 125 or less.

[0221] Also, similarly, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C’(56.7, 43.3, 0.0), point D’(52.2, 38.3, 9.5) and point A(90.5, 0.0, 9.5) when it is within the range of the figure (Figure 1K) surrounded by the line segments OC’, C’D’, D’A and AO connecting these five points respectively, or on the line segments C’D’ and D’A (excluding points C’ and A), it can be seen that the COP ratio based on R410A is 92.5% or more and the GWP is 65 or less.

[0222] Also, similarly, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C(77.7, 22.3, 0.0), point D(76.3, 14.2, 9.5), point A(90.5, 0.0, 9.5) when it is within the range of the figure (Figure 1K) surrounded by the line segments OC, CD, DA and AO connecting these five points respectively, or on the line segments CD and DA (excluding points C and A), it can be seen that the COP ratio based on R410A is 95% or more and the GWP is 65 or less.

[0223] On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Examples 2, 3, and 4, when R32 is not included, the concentrations of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 having double bonds become relatively high, leading to deterioration such as decomposition and polymerization in the refrigerant compound, which is not preferable.

[0224] Also, as shown in Comparative Examples 3, 5, and 7, when HFO-1123 is not included, its combustion suppression effect cannot be obtained, and the composition cannot be made slightly flammable, which is not preferable.

[0225] (1-5-5) Refrigerant 1E The refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure is a mixed refrigerant containing CO2, and R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf.

[0226] The refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure has a cooling capacity equivalent to that of R410A, a sufficiently small GWP, and is slightly flammable, having desirable characteristics as an R410A alternative refrigerant.

[0227] For the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages based on the total of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf are w, x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w) Point B’’(-1.5278w 2 +2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 -3.75w + 49.5) Point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683) Point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683) Within the range or on the line segments enclosed by the curves IJ, JK, and KL connecting the seven points respectively, and the straight lines LB'', B''D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight lines B''D and CI), When 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w) Point B''(51.6, 0.0, 48.4 - w) Point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553) Within the range or on the line segments enclosed by the curves IJ, JK, and KL connecting the seven points respectively, and the straight lines LB'', B''D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight lines B''D and CI), When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w) Point B''(51.6, 0.0, 48.4 - w) Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w + 41.7) Within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ, JK, and KL that connect the seven points respectively, and the straight lines LB'', B''D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight lines B''D and CI), and The curve IJ is at the coordinates (x, 0.0236x 2 -1.716x + 72, -0.0236x 2 + 0.716x + 28 - w) represented by The curve JK is at the coordinates (x, 0.0095x 2 -1.2222x + 67.676, -0.0095x 2 + 0.2222x + 32.324 - w) represented by The curve KL is at the coordinates (x, 0.0049x 2 -0.8842x + 61.488, -0.0049x 2 -0.1158x + 38.512) represented by.

[0228] The refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 80% or more based on R410A, a GWP of 350 or less, and becomes slightly flammable in WCF.

[0229] When the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure has the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf based on the sum of these as w, x, y, and z respectively, and the sum of R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass% in the ternary composition diagram, the coordinates (x, y, z) are When 0 < w ≤ 1.2, the point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) the point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) the point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) the point F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997) Point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683) within or on the line segments enclosed by the curves IJ and JK connecting the five points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight line CI), when 1.2 < w ≤ 1.3, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point F(36.6, -3w + 3.9, 2w + 59.5) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553) within or on the line segments enclosed by the curves IJ and JK connecting the five points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight line CI), when 1.3 < w ≤ 4.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) Point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553) within or on the line segments enclosed by the curves IJ and JK connecting the six points respectively, and the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight line CI), when 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w + 41.7) Within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK connecting these six points respectively, and the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight line CI), and the curve IJ is represented by the coordinates (x, 0.0236x 2 -1.716x + 72, -0.0236x 2 +0.716x + 28 - w) represented by and the curve JK is represented by the coordinates (x, 0.0095x 2 -1.2222x + 67.676, -0.0095x 2 +0.2222x + 32.324 - w) preferably represented by. When the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure satisfies the above requirements, the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 80% or more, the GWP is 250 or less, and it becomes a WCF micro - combustion.

[0230] For the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages based on the sum of CO2, and R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf are w, x, y, and z respectively, and the sum of R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass% in a ternary composition diagram, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 0 < w ≦ 1.2 Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point E(18.2, -1.1111w 2 -3.1667w + 31.9, 1.1111w 2 +2.1667w + 49.9) Point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683) within or on the line segments enclosed by the curves IJ and JK connecting the four points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI (however, excluding the points on the straight line CI), when 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point E(-0.0365w + 18.26, 0.0623w 2 -4.5381w + 31.856, -0.0623w 2 + 3.5746w + 49.884) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553) within or on the line segments enclosed by the curves IJ and JK connecting the four points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI (however, excluding the points on the straight line CI), when 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point E(18.1, 0.0444w 2 -4.3556w + 31.411, -0.0444w 2 + 3.3556w + 50.489) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 + 3.9667w + 41.7) within or on the line segments enclosed by the curves IJ and JK connecting the four points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI (however, excluding the points on the straight line CI), and the curve IJ is coordinates (x, 0.0236x 2 -1.716x + 72, -0.0236x 2 + 0.716x + 28 - w) It is preferable if it is represented by the following. When the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure satisfies the above requirements, the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 80% or more, the GWP is 125 or less, and the WCF is micro-flammable.

[0231] For the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages based on the sum of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf are w, x, y, and z, respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the sum of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are When 0 < w ≤ 0.6, Point G(-5.8333w 2 -3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 +1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 +0.75w + 51.6) Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w + 40.6) Point P(51.7, 1.1111w 2 +20.5, -1.1111w 2 -w + 27.8) Point B’’(-1.5278w 2 +2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 -3.75w + 49.5) Point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683) It is within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves GO and OP connecting the five points respectively, and the straight lines PB’’, B’’D, and DG, or on the said line segments (however, excluding the points on the straight line B’’D), When 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, Point G(-5.8333w 2 -3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 +1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 +0.75w + 51.6) Point N(18.2, 0.2778w2 + 3w + 27.7, -0.2778w2 - 4w + 54.1) Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 + 1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 - 2.8333w + 40.6) Point P(51.7, 1.1111w 2 + 20.5, -1.1111w 2 - w + 27.8) Point B’’(-1.5278w 2 + 2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 - 3.75w + 49.5) Point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683) Within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves GN, curve NO, and curve OP, and the straight lines PB’’, B’’D, and DG connecting these six points respectively (excluding the points on the straight line B’’D), and Curve GO is When 0 < w ≤ 0.6, Coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 - 0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (-0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 - 0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y) Represented by Curve GN is When 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, Coordinates (x, (0.0122w 2 - 0.0113w + 0.0313)x 2 + (-0.3582w 2 + 0.1624w - 1.4551)x + 2.7889w 2 + 3.7417w + 43.824, 100 - w - x - y) Represented by Curve NO is When 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, Coordinates (x, (0.00487w2 -0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 +(-0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 -0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by The curve OP is when 0 < w ≤ 1.2 coordinates (x, (0.0074w 2 -0.0133w + 0.0064)x 2 +(-0.5839w 2 + 1.0268w - 0.7103)x + 11.472w 2 -17.455w + 40.07, 100 - w - x - y) represented by when 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0 point M(0.0, -0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 - 3.419w + 44.47) point W(10.0, -0.3645w 2 + 3.5024w + 44.422, 0.3645w 2 - 4.5024w + 55.57) point N(18.2, -0.3773w 2 + 3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 - 4.319w + 53.54) point O(36.8, -0.1392w 2 + 1.4381w + 24.475, 0.1392w 2 - 2.4381w + 38.725) point P(51.7, -0.2381w 2 + 1.881w + 20.186, 0.2381w 2 - 2.881w + 28.114) point B’’(51.6, 0.0, -w + 48.4) point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2-5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553) The curve MW, curve WN, curve NO, and curve OP connecting these eight points respectively, and the straight lines PB'', B''D, DC, and CM enclose a figure within the range or on the line segments (excluding the points on the straight lines B''D and CM), and The curve MW is at the coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 -0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 +(-0.0493w 2 +0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 +2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y) represented by The curve WN is at the coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 -0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 +(-0.1571w 2 +0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 -2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y) represented by The curve NO is at the coordinates (x, (-0.00062w 2 +0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 +(0.0375w 2 -0.239w - 0.4977)x - 0.8575w 2 +6.4941w + 36.078, 100 - w - x - y) represented by The curve OP is at the coordinates (x, (-0.000463w 2 +0.0024w - 0.0011)x 2 +(0.0457w 2 -0.2581w - 0.075)x - 1.355w 2 +8.749w + 27.096, 100 - w - x - y) represented by When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, Point M(0.0, -0.0667w 2 +0.8333w+58.133, 0.0667w 2 -1.8333w+41.867) Point W(10.0, -0.0667w 2 +1.1w+39.267, 0.0667w 2 -2.1w+50.733) Point N(18.2, -0.0889w 2 +1.3778w+31.411, 0.0889w 2 -2.3778w+50.389) Point O(36.8, -0.0444w 2 +0.6889w+25.956, 0.0444w 2 -1.6889w+37.244) Point P(51.7, -0.0667w 2 +0.8333w+21.633, 0.0667w 2 -1.8333w+26.667) Point B’’(51.6, 0.0, -w+48.4) Point D(-2.8w+40.1, 0.0, 1.8w+59.9) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w+58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w+41.7) Within or on the line segment (excluding the points on the straight lines B’’D and CM) surrounded by the curves MW, WN, NO, and OP, and the straight lines PB’’, B’’D, DC, and CM connecting the following 8 points respectively, and The curve MW is represented by the coordinates (x, (0.00357w 2 -0.0391w+0.1756)x 2 +(-0.0356w 2 +0.4178w-3.6422)x-0.0667w 2 +0.8333w+58.103, 100-w-x-y) and The curve WN is represented by the coordinates (x, (-0.002061w2 +0.0218w - 0.0301)x 2 +(0.0556w 2 -0.5821w - 0.1108)x - 0.4158w 2 +4.7352w + 43.383, 100 - w - x - y) represented by Curve NO is the coordinates (x, 0.0082x 2 +(0.0022w 2 -0.0345w - 0.7521)x - 0.1307w 2 +2.0247w + 42.327, 100 - w - x - y) represented by Curve OP is the coordinates (x, (-0.0006258w 2 +0.0066w - 0.0153)x 2 +(0.0516w 2 -0.5478w + 0.9894)x - 1.074w 2 +11.651w + 10.992, 100 - w - x - y) preferably represented by the above. When the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure satisfies the above requirements, the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 80% or more, the GWP is 350 or less, and it is ASHRAE non - flammable.

[0232] For the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure, when the mass % based on the sum of CO2, R32, HFO - 1132(E) and R1234yf are w, x, y and z respectively, and the sum of R32, HFO - 1132(E) and R1234yf is (100 - a) mass % in a ternary composition diagram, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 0 < w ≤ 0.6, point G(-5.8333w 2 -3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 -1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 +3.5834w + 51.6) point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2-2.8333w + 40.6 Point F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997) within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curve GO connecting these three points respectively, the straight line OF, and the straight line FG, and the curve GO is coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 - 0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (-0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 - 0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y) represented by when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, point G(-5.8333w 2 - 3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 - 1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 + 3.5834w + 51.6) point N(18.2, 0.2778w 2 + 3.0w + 27.7, -0.2.778w 2 - 4.0w + 54.1) point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 + 1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 - 2.8333w + 40.6) point F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997) within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curve GN and the curve NO connecting these four points respectively, the straight line OF, and the straight line FG, and the curve GN is when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, coordinates (x, (0.0122w 2 - 0.0113w + 0.0313)x 2 + (-0.3582w 2 + 0.1624w - 1.4551)x + 2.7889w 2+3.7417w + 43.824, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by The curve NO is when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 - 0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (- 0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 - 0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y) is represented when 1.2 < w ≤ 1.3, the point M(0.0, - 0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 - 3.419w + 44.47) the point W(10.0, - 0.3645w 2 + 3.5024w 34.422, 0.3645w 2 - 4.5024w + 55.578) the point N(18.2, - 0.3773w 2 + 3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 - 4.319w + 53.54) the point O(36.8, - 0.1392w 2 + 1.4381w + 24.475, 0.1392w 2 - 2.4381w + 38.725) the point F(36.6, - 3w + 3.9, 2w + 59.5) the point C(0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, 0.0, - 0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553) within or on the line segments of the figure surrounded by the curves MW, WN, and NO, and the straight lines OF, FC, and CM (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and the curve MW is the coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 - 0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 + (- 0.0493w2 +0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 +2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by the curve WN is the coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 - 0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 +(-0.1571w 2 + 0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 - 2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by the curve NO is the coordinates (x, (-0.00062w 2 + 0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 +(0.0375w 2 - 0.239w - 0.4977)x - 0.8575w 2 + 6.4941w + 36.078, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by When 1.3 < w ≤ 4.0 the point M(0.0, -0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 - 3.419w + 44.47) the point W(10.0, -0.3645w 2 + 3.5024w + 34.422, 0.3645w 2 - 4.5024w + 55.578) the point N(18.2, -0.3773w 2 + 3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 - 4.319w + 53.54) the point O(36.8, -0.1392w 2 + 1.4381w + 24.475, 0.1392w 2 - 2.4381w + 38.725) the point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) the point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553) Connecting the seven points with curves MW, curve WN, and curve NO, and within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines OB’, B’D, DC, and CM or on said line segments (however, excluding the points on the straight line CM), and The curve MW is with coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 -0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 +(-0.0493w 2 +0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 +2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y) represented by The curve WN is with coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 -0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 +(-0.1571w 2 +0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 -2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y) The curve NO is with coordinates (x, (-0.00062w 2 +0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 +(0.0457w 2 -0.2581w - 0.075)x - 1.355w 2 +8.749w + 27.096, 100 - w - x - y) represented by When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, Point M(0.0, -0.0667w 2 +0.8333w 58.133, 0.0667w 2 -1.8333w + 41.867) Point W(10.0, -0.0667w 2 +1.1w + 39.267, 0.0667w 2 -2.1w + 50.733) Point N(18.2, -0.0889w2 +1.3778w + 31.411, 0.0889w 2 -2.3778w + 50.389) Point O(36.8, -0.0444w 2 +0.6889w + 25.956, 0.0444w 2 -1.6889w + 37.244) Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w + 41.7) Within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves MW, WN, and NO, and the straight lines OB’, B’D, DC, and CM (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and The curve MW is Coordinates (x, (0.00357w 2 -0.0391w + 0.1756)x 2 +(-0.0356w 2 +0.4178w - 3.6422)x - 0.0667w 2 +0.8333w + 58.103, 100 - w - x - y) represented by The curve WN is Coordinates (x, (-0.002061w 2 +0.0218w - 0.0301)x 2 +(0.0556w 2 -0.5821w - 0.1108)x - 0.4158w 2 +4.7352w + 43.383, 100 - w - x - y) The curve NO is Coordinates (x, (0.0082x 2 +(0.0022w 2 -0.0345w - 0.7521)x - 0.1307w 2 +2.0247w + 42.327, 100 - w - x - y) It is preferable if it is represented by the following. When the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure satisfies the above requirements, the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 80% or more, the GWP is 250 or less, and it is ASHRAE non-flammable.

[0233] For the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages based on the sum of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf are w, x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the sum of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - a) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are When 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, Point M(0.0, -0.3004w 2 +2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 -3.419w + 44.47) Point W(10.0, -0.3645w 2 +3.5024w + 34.422, 0.3645w 2 -4.5024w + 55.578) Point N(18.2, -0.3773w 2 +3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 -4.319w + 53.54) Point E(-0.0365w + 18.26, 0.0623w 2 -4.5381w + 31.856, -0.0623w 2 +3.5746w + 49.884) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553) within or on the line segment of the figure surrounded by the curves MW and WN, and the straight lines NE, EC, and CM connecting these five points respectively (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and The curve MW is the coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 -0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 +(-0.0493w 2+0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 +2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by The curve WN is coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 - 0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 +(- 0.1571w 2 + 0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 - 2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0 Point M(0.0, - 0.0667w 2 + 0.8333w + 58.133, 0.0667w 2 - 1.8333w + 41.867) Point W(10.0, - 0.0667w 2 + 1.1w + 39.267, 0.0667w 2 - 2.1w + 50.733) Point N(18.2, - 0.0889w 2 + 1.3778w + 31.411, 0.0889w 2 - 2.3778w + 50.389) Point E(18.1, 0.0444w 2 - 4.3556w + 31.411, - 0.0444w 2 + 3.3556w + 50.489) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 - 4.9667w + 58.3, - 0.0667w 2 + 3.9667w + 41.7) is within the range or on the line segments enclosed by the curves MW and WN connecting these five points respectively, and the straight lines NE, EC, and CM (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and The curve MW is coordinates (x, (0.00357w 2 - 0.0391w + 0.1756)x 2 +(- 0.0356w 2+0.4178w - 3.6422)x - 0.0667w 2 +0.8333w + 58.103, 100 - w - x - y) represented by the curve WN is coordinates (x, (-0.002061w 2 +0.0218w - 0.0301)x 2 +(0.0556w 2 -0.5821w - 0.1108)x - 0.4158w 2 +4.7352w + 43.383, 100 - w - x - y) preferably if it is represented by. Refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure, when the above requirements are met, has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 80% or more, a GWP of 125 or less, and is ASHRAE non - flammable based on R410A.

[0234] Refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure may further contain other additional refrigerants, in addition to CO2, R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf, within a range that does not impair the above - mentioned characteristics and effects. In this regard, it is preferable that Refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure contains the total of CO2, R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf at 99.5 mass% or more, more preferably 99.75 mass% or more, and even more preferably 99.9 mass% or more with respect to the total refrigerant.

[0235] The additional refrigerant is not particularly limited and can be widely selected. The mixed refrigerant may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as the additional refrigerant.

[0236] Refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure can be preferably used as a working fluid in a refrigerator.

[0237] The composition of the present disclosure is suitable for use as an alternative refrigerant to R410A. (Examples of Refrigerant 1E) Examples of Refrigerant 1E are given below for more detailed explanation. However, Refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0238] For each of CO2 and the mixed refrigerants of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf, the combustion speed was measured according to the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard. While varying the concentration of CO2, a composition showing a combustion speed of 10 cm / s was found. The found compositions are shown in Tables 27 to 29.

[0239] Note that the combustion speed test was conducted as follows using the apparatus shown in Fig. 1A. First, the mixed refrigerant used had a purity of 99.5% or higher, and was degassed by repeating the cycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no trace of air was seen on the vacuum gauge. The combustion speed was measured by the closed method. The initial temperature was the ambient temperature. Ignition was carried out by generating an electrical spark between the electrodes at the center of the sample cell. The duration of the discharge was 1.0 to 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 to 1.0 J. The spread of the flame was visualized using Schlieren photography. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with two acrylic windows through which light passes was used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp was used as the light source. The Schlieren image of the flame was recorded by a high-speed digital video camera at a framing speed of 600 fps and saved to a PC.

[0240] The WCFF concentration was determined by performing a leakage simulation using NIST Standard Reference Data Base Refleak Version 4.0 with the WCF concentration as the initial concentration.

[0241] [Table 27]

[0242] [Table 28]

[0243] [Table 29]

[0244] From these results, when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total sum are w, x, y, and z, respectively, in the ternary composition diagrams of FIGS. 1B to 1I where the total sum of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, it can be seen that WCF micro-combustion occurs when the coordinates (x, y, z) are on the line segment connecting points I, J, K, and L or below that line segment.

[0245] Also, in the ternary composition diagram of FIG. 1B, it can be seen that ASHRAE micro-combustion occurs when the coordinates (x, y, z) are on the line segment connecting points M, N, O, and P or below that line segment.

[0246] A mixed refrigerant in which R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf are mixed at the mass percentages shown in Tables 30 to 40 based on their total sum was prepared. For each of the mixed refrigerants in Tables 30 to 37, the coefficient of performance (COP) ratio and refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410 were determined.

[0247] The GWP of a composition containing R1234yf and a mixture of R410A (R32 = 50% / R125 = 50%) was evaluated based on the values in the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Although there is no description of the GWP of HFO-1132(E), its GWP was assumed to be 1 based on HFO-1132a (GWP = 1 or less) and HFO-1123 (GWP = 0.3, described in Patent Document 1). The refrigerating capacity of a composition containing R410A and a mixture of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf was determined by performing a theoretical calculation of the refrigeration cycle of the mixed refrigerant under the following conditions using the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties Database (Refprop 9.0).

[0248] Evaporation temperature: 5°C Condensation temperature: 45°C Superheat degree: 5 K Subcooling degree: 5 K E comp (Compressor work): 0.7 kWh These values are shown in Tables 30 to 37 together with the GWPs for each mixed refrigerant. Tables 30 to 37 show the cases where the CO2 concentration is 0 mass%, 0.6 mass%, 1.2 mass%, 1.3 mass%, 2.5 mass%, 4 mass%, 5.5 mass%, and 7 mass% respectively.

[0249] [Table 30]

[0250] [Table 31]

[0251] [Table 32]

[0252] [Table 33]

[0253] [Table 34]

[0254] [Table 35]

[0255] [Table 36]

[0256]

Table 37

[0257]

Table 38

[0258]

Table 39

[0259]

Table 40

[0260]

Table 41

[0261]

Table 42

[0262]

Table 43

[0263]

Table 44

[0264]

Table 45

[0265]

Table 46

[0266] From these results, when the mass percentages of CO2, and R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf based on their total sum are w, x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagrams of FIGS. 1B to 1I where the total sum of R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, it can be seen that the GWP of the mixed refrigerant becomes 350 when the coordinates (x, y, z) are on the line of line A''B'', and the GWP of the mixed refrigerant becomes less than 350 when it is located on the right side of the line. Also, in the ternary composition diagrams of FIGS. 1B to 1I, it can be seen that the GWP of the mixed refrigerant becomes 250 when the coordinates (x, y, z) are on the line of line A'B', and the GWP of the mixed refrigerant becomes less than 250 when it is located on the right side of the line. Furthermore, in the ternary composition diagrams of FIGS. 1B to 1I, it can be seen that the GWP of the mixed refrigerant becomes 125 when the coordinates (x, y, z) are on the line of line AB, and the GWP of the mixed refrigerant becomes less than 125 when it is located on the right side of the line.

[0267] It can be seen that the straight line connecting point D and point C is located generally slightly to the left of the curve connecting the points where the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 80%. Therefore, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are to the left of the straight line connecting point D and point C, it can be seen that the refrigerating capacity ratio of the mixed refrigerant based on R410A is 80% or more.

[0268] The coordinates of points A and B, A' and B', and A'' and B'' were determined by obtaining approximate expressions based on the respective points described in the above table. Specifically, calculations were performed as shown in Table 47 (points A and B), Table 48 (points A' and B'), and Table 49 (points A'' and B'').

[0269]

Table 47

[0270]

Table 48

[0271]

Table 49

[0272] The coordinates of points C to G were determined by obtaining an approximate expression based on each point described in the above table. Specifically, calculations were performed as shown in Tables 50 and 51.

[0273]

Table 50

[0274]

Table 51

[0275] The coordinates of the points on curve IJ, curve JK, and curve KL were determined by obtaining an approximate expression based on each point described in the above table. Specifically, calculations were performed as shown in Table 52.

[0276]

Table 52

[0277] The coordinates of the points on curve MW and curve WM were determined by obtaining an approximate expression based on each point described in the above table. Specifically, calculations were performed as shown in Table 53 (when 0 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 1.2 mass%), Table 54 (when 1.2 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 4.0 mass%), and Table 55 (when 4.0 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 7.0 mass%).

[0278]

Table 53

[0279]

Table 54

[0280]

Table 55

[0281] The coordinates of the points on curve NO and curve OP were determined by obtaining an approximate formula based on each point described in the above table. Specifically, calculations were performed as shown in Table 56 (when 0 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 1.2 mass%), Table 57 (when 1.2 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 4.0 mass%), and Table 58 (when 4.0 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 7.0 mass%).

[0282]

Table 56

[0283]

Table 57

[0284]

Table 58

[0285] (1-6) Various refrigerants 2 Hereinafter, refrigerants 2A to 2E, which are refrigerants used in the present disclosure, will be described in detail.

[0286] Note that the following descriptions of refrigerants 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, and 2E are each independent, and the alphabets indicating points and line segments, the numbers of examples, and the numbers of comparative examples are all independent among refrigerants 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, and 2E. For example, Example 1 of refrigerant 2A and Example 1 of refrigerant 2B show examples of different embodiments.

[0287] (1-6-1) Refrigerant 2A Examples of refrigerant 2A include "refrigerant 2A1" and "refrigerant 2A2". Hereinafter, refrigerant 2A1 and refrigerant 2A2 will be described respectively. In the present disclosure, refrigerant 2A1 and refrigerant 2A2 are each a mixed refrigerant.

[0288] (1-6-1-1) Refrigerant 2A1 Refrigerant 2A1 is a mixed refrigerant containing HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf as essential components. Hereinafter, in this item, HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf are also referred to as "three components".

[0289] The total concentration of the three components in the entire Refrigerant 2A1 is 99.5 mass% or more. In other words, Refrigerant 2A1 contains the three components in a total amount of 99.5 mass% or more based on the sum of these concentrations.

[0290] In Refrigerant 2A1, the mass ratio of the three components is within the range of the area surrounded by a figure passing through the following four points on a triangular composition diagram having the three components as each vertex: Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2 mass%), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7 mass%), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 10.1 / 18.0 / 71.9 mass%) and Point D (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 27.8 / 18.0 / 54.2 mass%). That is, in Refrigerant 2A1, the mass ratio of the three components is shown in the triangular composition diagram of FIG. 2A having the three components as each vertex:

[0291] In other words, in Refrigerant 2A1, the mass ratio of the three components is shown in the triangular composition diagram of FIG. 2A having the three components as each vertex: Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2 mass%), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7 mass%), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 10.1 / 18.0 / 71.9 mass%) and Point D (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 27.8 / 18.0 / 54.2 mass%), is within the range of the area surrounded by straight line a, curve b, straight line c, and curve d connecting these four points respectively.

[0292] In this item, the ternary composition diagram with the three components as vertices means, as shown in Fig. 2A, a ternary composition diagram with the above three components (HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf) as vertices and the sum of the concentrations of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf being 100 mass%.

[0293] By having such a configuration, refrigerant 2A1 has the following characteristics: (1) its GWP is sufficiently small (125 or less), (2) when used as an alternative refrigerant for R404A, it has a refrigeration capacity and coefficient of performance (COP) equal to or higher than those of R404A, and (3) the combustion speed measured in accordance with the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard is 5 cm / s or less.

[0294] In this item, the coefficient of performance (COP) equal to or higher than that of R404A means that the COP ratio with respect to R404A is 100% or more (preferably 102% or more, more preferably 103% or more), and the refrigeration capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A means that the refrigeration capacity ratio with respect to R404A is 95% or more (preferably 100% or more, more preferably 102% or more, most preferably 103% or more). Also, having a sufficiently small GWP means that the GWP is 125 or less, preferably 110 or less, more preferably 100 or less, and still more preferably 75 or less.

[0295] In Fig. 2A, point A, point B, point C, and point D are points with the above coordinates, indicated by open circles (○).

[0296] The technical meanings of points A, B, C, and D are as follows. Also, the concentration (mass%) of each point is the same as the value obtained in the examples described later. A: A mass ratio where the combustion speed measured in accordance with the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard is 5 cm / s and the concentration (mass %) of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass % B: A mass ratio where the concentration (mass %) of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass % and the refrigerating capacity is 95% with respect to R404A C: A mass ratio where the refrigerating capacity is 95% with respect to R404A and the GWP is 125 D: A mass ratio where the GWP is 125 and the combustion speed measured in accordance with the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard is 5 cm / s "The combustion speed measured in accordance with the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard is 5 cm / s" means a numerical value that is half of the combustion speed (10 cm / s), which is the criterion for classifying as class 2L (slightly flammable) in the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard, and it means that it is relatively safe among the refrigerants specified in class 2L. Specifically, being "a numerical value that is half of the combustion speed (10 cm / s)" means that it is relatively safe in that the flame is less likely to spread even if ignition occurs by chance. Hereinafter, the combustion speed measured in accordance with the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard is also simply referred to as "combustion speed".

[0297] In refrigerant 2A1, the combustion speed of the three-component mixed refrigerant is preferably more than 0 to 4.5 cm / s, more preferably more than 0 to 4 cm / s, still more preferably more than 0 to 3.5 cm / s, and particularly preferably more than 0 to 3 cm / s.

[0298] Both points A and B are on the straight line a. That is, the line segment AB is a part of the straight line a. The straight line a is a straight line showing the mass ratio where the concentration (mass %) of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass %. In the region on the HFC-32 side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram from the straight line a, the concentration of HFC-32 in the three-component mixed refrigerant exceeds 1 mass %. Also, in the region on the HFC-32 side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram from the straight line a, unexpectedly, the refrigerating capacity is large.

[0299] In FIG. 2A, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass % of HFC-32 = y, and the mass % of HFO-1234yf = z, the line segment indicating the mass ratio at which the concentration of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass % is approximated by the line segment represented by the following equation.

[0300] Line segment indicating the mass ratio at which HFC-32 is 1.0 mass %: Part of the straight line a connecting two points A and B (line segment AB in FIG. 2A) y = 1.0 z = 100 - x - y 35.3 ≤ x ≤ 51.8 Both points B and C are on the curve b. The curve b is a curve indicating the mass ratio at which the refrigerating capacity is 95% with respect to R404A. In the regions on the HFO-1132(E) vertex side and the HFC-32 vertex side of the triangular composition diagram compared to the curve b, the refrigerating capacity of the three-component mixed refrigerant exceeds 95% with respect to R404A.

[0301] The curve b is obtained as follows.

[0302] Table 201 shows four points at which the refrigerating capacity ratio to R404A is 95% when HFO-1132(E) = 1.0, 10.1, 20.0, and 35.3 mass % (mass%). The curve b is represented by the line connecting these four points. Here, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass % of HFC-32 = y, and the mass % of HFO-1234yf = z, the curve b is approximated by the equation in Table 201 by the least squares method.

[0303]

Table 201

[0304] Both points C and D are on the straight line c. That is, the line segment CD is part of the straight line c. The straight line c is a straight line indicating the mass ratio at which the GWP is 125. In the regions on the HFO-1132(E) vertex side and the HFO-1234yf vertex side of the triangular composition diagram compared to the straight line c, the GWP of the three-component mixed refrigerant is less than 125.

[0305] In FIG. 2A, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass % of HFC-32 = y, and the mass % of HFO-1234yf = z, the line segment indicating the mass ratio with a GWP of 125 is approximated by the line segment represented by the following formula.

[0306] Line segment indicating the mass ratio with a GWP of 125: Part of the straight line c connecting the two points C and D (line segment CD in FIG. 2A) y = 18.0 z = 100 - x - y 10.1 ≦ x ≦ 27.8 Both points A and D are on the curve d. The curve d is a curve indicating the mass ratio at which the combustion speed becomes 5 cm / s. In the region on the HFO-1234yf side of the ternary composition diagram with respect to the curve d, the mixed refrigerant of the three components has a combustion speed of less than 5.0 cm / s.

[0307] The curve d is obtained as follows.

[0308] Table 202 shows four points that are WCF micro-combustion when HFO-1132(E) = 18.0, 30.0, 40.0, and 53.5 mass %. The curve d is shown by the line connecting these four points. Here, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass % of HFC-32 = y, and the mass % of HFO-1234yf = z, the curve d is approximated by the formula in Table 202 by the least squares method.

[0309]

Table 202

[0310] The ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf has a GWP of 125 or less, a refrigerating capacity of 95% or more compared to R404A, and a combustion speed of 5 cm / s or less at the mass ratio within the range of the region (ABCD region) surrounded by the lines connecting the four points A, B, C, and D respectively.

[0311] In refrigerant 2A1, the mass ratio of the three components is in the ternary composition diagram with each of the three components as the vertices. Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2 mass %), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7 mass %), Point E (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 15.2 / 14.3 / 70.5 mass %) and Point F (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 31.1 / 14.3 / 54.6 mass %), It is preferably within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these four points.

[0312] In other words, in refrigerant 2A1, the mass ratio of the three components is shown in the triangular composition diagram of Figure 2A with these three components as each vertex: Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2 mass %), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7 mass %), Point E (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 15.2 / 14.3 / 70.5 mass %) and Point F (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 31.1 / 14.3 / 54.6 mass %) It is preferably within the range of the area surrounded by the straight line a, curve b, straight line e, and curve d connecting these four points respectively.

[0313] Regarding the triangular composition diagram with the above three components as each vertex, it is as described above.

[0314] In Figure 2A, points A, B, E, and F are the points with the above coordinates, shown as open circles (○).

[0315] The technical meanings of points A and B are as described above.

[0316] The technical meanings of points E and F are as follows. Also, the concentration (mass %) of each point is the same as the value obtained in the examples described later. E: A mass ratio with a refrigerating capacity of 95% relative to R404A and a GWP of 100 F: A mass ratio with a GWP of 100 and a combustion rate of 5 cm / s measured in accordance with the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard, GWP = 100 Regarding the straight line a and the curve b, it is as described above. Point E is on the curve b.

[0317] Both points E and F are on the straight line e. That is, the line segment EF is a part of the straight line e. The straight line e is a straight line indicating a mass ratio with a GWP of 100. In the regions on the HFO-1132(E) vertex side and the HFO-1234yf vertex side of the ternary composition diagram compared to the straight line e, the GWP of the three-component mixed refrigerant is less than 100.

[0318] In FIG. 2A, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass % of HFC-32 = y, and the mass % of HFO-1234yf = z, the line segment indicating the mass ratio with a GWP of 100 is approximated by the line segment represented by the following formula.

[0319] Line segment indicating the mass ratio with a GWP of 100: A part of the straight line e connecting the two points E and F (line segment EF in the figure) y = 14.3 z = 100 - x - y 15.2 ≤ x ≤ 31.1 Both points A and F are on the curve d. Regarding the curve d, it is as described above.

[0320] For the ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf, within the mass ratio range in the region (ABEF region) surrounded by the lines connecting the four points A, B, E, and F respectively, the GWP is 100 or less, the refrigerating capacity is 95% or more relative to R404A, and the combustion rate is 5.0 cm / s or less.

[0321] The refrigerant 2A1 contains HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf in a total concentration of 99.5 mass% or more. Among them, it is preferable that the total amount of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2A1 is 99.7 mass% or more, more preferably 99.8 mass% or more, and still more preferably 99.9 mass% or more.

[0322] The refrigerant 2A1 can further contain other refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf within a range that does not impair the above characteristics. In this case, the content ratio of other refrigerants in the entire refrigerant 2A1 is preferably 0.5 mass% or less, more preferably 0.3 mass% or less, still more preferably 0.2 mass% or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 mass% or less. Other refrigerants are not particularly limited and can be widely selected from known refrigerants widely used in this field. The refrigerant 2A1 may contain other refrigerants alone or two or more other refrigerants.

[0323] It is particularly preferable that the refrigerant 2A1 consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf. In other words, it is particularly preferable that the total concentration of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2A1 is 100 mass%.

[0324] When the refrigerant 2A1 consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf, the mass ratio of the three components is in a triangular composition diagram with these three components as each vertex, point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2 mass%), point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7 mass%), point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 10.1 / 18.0 / 71.9 mass%) and Point D (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 27.8 / 18.0 / 54.2 mass %), It is preferably within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these four points.

[0325] The technical meanings of points A, B, C, and D are as described above. Regarding the area surrounded by the figure passing through the four points A, B, C, and D, it is as described above.

[0326] In this case, for the ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf, at the mass ratios within the range of the area (ABCD area) surrounded by the lines connecting the four points A, B, C, and D respectively, the GWP is 125 or less, the refrigerating capacity is 95% or more compared to R404A, and the combustion speed is 5.0 cm / s or less.

[0327] When refrigerant 2A1 consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf, the mass ratios of the three components are, in the triangular composition diagram with these three components as the respective vertices, Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2 mass %), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7 mass %), Point E (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 15.2 / 14.3 / 70.5 mass %), and Point F (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 31.1 / 14.3 / 54.6 mass %), It is more preferably within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these four points.

[0328] The technical meanings of points A, B, E, and F are as described above. Regarding the area surrounded by the figure passing through the four points A, B, E, and F, it is as described above.

[0329] In this case, the ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf has a GWP of 100 or less, a refrigerating capacity of 95% or more relative to R404A, and a combustion speed of 5.0 cm / s or less at a mass ratio within the range of the region (ABEF region) surrounded by the lines connecting the four points of A, B, E and F respectively.

[0330] Since the GWP of Refrigerant 2A1 is 125 or less, the environmental load can be significantly suppressed compared to other general-purpose refrigerants from the perspective of global warming.

[0331] (1-6-1-2) Refrigerant 2A2 Refrigerant 2A2 is a mixed refrigerant containing HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf as essential components. Hereinafter, in this item, HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf are also referred to as "three components".

[0332] The total concentration of the three components in the whole Refrigerant 2A2 is 99.5 mass% or more. In other words, Refrigerant 2A2 contains the three components in a total of 99.5 mass% or more of these concentrations.

[0333] In Refrigerant 2A2, the mass ratio of the three components is within the range of the figure surrounded by the figure passing through the five points of point P (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 45.6 / 1.0 / 53.4 mass%), point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7 mass%), point Q (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 24.8 / 74.2 mass%), point R (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 29.2 / 69.8 mass%) and point S (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 6.5 / 29.2 / 64.3 mass%). The composition is within the range of the region surrounded by the figure passing through these five points.

[0334] In other words, in the refrigerant 2A2, the mass ratios of the three components are shown in the triangular composition diagram of FIG. 2B with the three components as each vertex: Point P (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 45.6 / 1.0 / 53.4 mass %), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7 mass %), Point Q (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 24.8 / 74.2 mass %), Point R (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 29.2 / 69.8 mass %) and Point S (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 6.5 / 29.2 / 64.3 mass %), are within the range of the region surrounded by the straight line p, the curve q, the straight line r, the straight line s, and the curve t that connect these 5 points respectively.

[0335] In this item, the triangular composition diagram with the three components as each vertex means, as shown in FIG. 2B, a three-component composition diagram with the above three components (HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf) as vertices and the total concentration of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf being 100 mass %.

[0336] By having such a configuration, the refrigerant 2A2 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (200 or less), (2) when used as an alternative refrigerant to R404A, it has a refrigerating capacity and a coefficient of performance (COP) equal to or higher than those of R404A, and (3) the pressure at 40°C is 1.85 MPa or less.

[0337] In this item, a coefficient of performance (COP) equal to or higher than that of R404A means that the COP ratio to R404A is 100% or higher (preferably 102% or higher, more preferably 103% or higher). A refrigerating capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A means that the refrigerating capacity ratio to R404A is 95% or higher (preferably 100% or higher, more preferably 102% or higher, most preferably 103% or higher). A sufficiently low GWP means that the GWP is 200 or lower, preferably 150 or lower, more preferably 125 or lower, still more preferably 100 or lower.

[0338] In FIG. 2B, points P, B, Q, R, and S are points having the above coordinates, which are indicated by open circles (○).

[0339] The technical meanings of points P, B, Q, R, and S are as follows. Also, the concentration (mass %) of each point is the same as the value obtained in the examples described later. P: A mass ratio at which the pressure at 40 °C is 1.85 MPa and the concentration (mass %) of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass %. B: A mass ratio at which the concentration (mass %) of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass % and the refrigerating capacity is 95% with respect to R404A. Q: A mass ratio at which the refrigerating capacity is 95% with respect to R404A and the concentration (mass %) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass %. R: A mass ratio at which the concentration (mass %) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass % and the GWP is 200. S: A mass ratio at which the GWP is 200 and the pressure at 40 °C is 1.85 MPa. The "mass ratio at which the pressure at 40 °C becomes 1.85 MPa" means the mass ratio at which the saturation pressure at a temperature of 40 (°C) is 1.85 MPa.

[0340] In refrigerant 2A2, when the saturation pressure of the three-component mixed refrigerant at 40 °C exceeds 1.85 MPa, it is necessary to change the design from the refrigeration device for R404A. The saturation pressure of the three-component mixed refrigerant at 40 °C is preferably 1.50 to 1.85 MPa, more preferably 1.60 to 1.85 MPa, still more preferably 1.70 to 1.85 MPa, and particularly preferably 1.75 to 1.85 MPa.

[0341] Both point P and point B are on the straight line p. That is, the line segment PB is a part of the straight line p. The straight line p is a straight line indicating the mass ratio at which the concentration (mass %) of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass %. In the region on the HFC-32 side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram than the straight line p, the concentration of HFC-32 in the three-component mixed refrigerant exceeds 1.0 mass %. Also, in the region on the HFC-32 side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram than the straight line p, the refrigerating capacity is unexpectedly large.

[0342] In FIG. 2B, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass % of HFC-32 = y, and the mass % of HFO-1234yf = z, the line segment indicating the mass ratio at which the concentration of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass % is approximated by the line segment represented by the following formula.

[0343] Line segment indicating the mass ratio at which the concentration (mass %) of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass %: A part of the straight line p connecting the two points of point P and point B (line segment PB in FIG. 2B) y = 1.0 z = 100 - x - y 35.3 ≦ x ≦ 45.6 Both point B and point Q are on the curve q. The curve q is a curve indicating the mass ratio at which the refrigerating capacity becomes 95% with respect to R404A. In the regions on the HFO-1132(E) side and the HFC-32 side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram than the curve q, the refrigerating capacity of the three-component mixed refrigerant exceeds 95% with respect to R404A.

[0344] The curve q is obtained as follows.

[0345] Table 203 shows four points where the refrigeration capacity ratio to R404A is 95% when HFO-1132(E) = 1.0, 10.1, 20.0, and 35.3 mass%. The curve q is shown as the line connecting these four points. Here, when the mass% of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass% of HFC-32 = y, and the mass% of HFO-1234yf = z, the curve q is approximated by the formula in Table 203 using the least squares method.

[0346]

Table 203

[0347] Both point Q and point R are on the straight line r. That is, the line segment QR is a part of the straight line r. The straight line r is a straight line showing the mass ratio when the concentration (mass%) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass%. In the region on the HFO-1132(E) side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram compared to the straight line r, the concentration of HFO-1132(E) in the three-component mixed refrigerant exceeds 1.0 mass%. Also, in the region on the HFO-1132(E) side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram compared to the straight line r, unexpectedly, the refrigeration capacity is large.

[0348] In Figure 2B, when the mass% of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass% of HFC-32 = y, and the mass% of HFO-1234yf = z, the line segment showing the mass ratio when the concentration of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass% is approximated by the line segment represented by the following formula.

[0349] Line segment showing the mass ratio when the concentration (mass%) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass%: Part of the straight line r connecting the two points Q and R (line segment QR in Figure 2B) x = 1.0 z = 100 - x - y 24.8 ≦ y ≦ 29.2 Both point R and point S are on the straight line s. That is, the line segment RS is a part of the straight line s. The straight line s is a straight line showing the mass ratio when the GWP is 200. In the regions on the HFO-1132(E) side and the HFO-1234yf side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram compared to the straight line s, the GWP of the three-component mixed refrigerant is less than 200.

[0350] In FIG. 2B, when the mass percentage of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass percentage of HFC-32 = y, and the mass percentage of HFO-1234yf = z, the line segment indicating the mass ratio with a GWP of 200 is approximated by the line segment represented by the following equation.

[0351] Line segment indicating the mass ratio with a GWP of 200: A part of the straight line s connecting two points, point R and point S (line segment RS in FIG. 2B) y = 29.2 z = 100 - x - y 1.0 ≤ x ≤ 6.5 Both point P and point S are on the curve t. The curve t is a curve indicating the mass ratio at which the pressure at 40°C becomes 1.85 MPa. In the region on the HFO-1234yf side of the ternary composition diagram with respect to the curve t, the pressure of the three-component mixed refrigerant at 40°C is less than 1.85 MPa.

[0352] The curve t is obtained as follows.

[0353] Table 204 shows four points at which the pressure at 40°C is 1.85 MPa when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E) are 5.95, 18.00, 32.35, and 47.80 mass%. The curve t is shown by the line connecting these four points. Here, when the mass percentage of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass percentage of HFC-32 = y, and the mass percentage of HFO-1234yf = z, the curve t is approximated by the equation in Table 204 by the least squares method.

[0354]

Table 204

[0355] The ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf has a GWP of 200 or less, a refrigerating capacity of 95% or more compared to R404A, and a pressure at 40°C of 1.85 MPa or less at the mass ratios within the range of the region (PBQRS region) surrounded by the lines connecting the five points of point P, B, Q, R, and S, respectively.

[0356] The refrigerant 2A2 contains HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf in a total amount of 99.5% by mass or more based on the sum of their concentrations. Among them, it is preferably that the total amount of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2A2 is 99.7% by mass or more, more preferably 99.8% by mass or more, and still more preferably 99.9% by mass or more.

[0357] The refrigerant 2A2 can further contain other refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf within a range that does not impair the above characteristics. In this case, the content ratio of other refrigerants in the entire refrigerant 2A2 is preferably 0.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.3% by mass or less, still more preferably 0.2% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.1% by mass or less. Other refrigerants are not particularly limited and can be widely selected from known refrigerants widely used in this field. The refrigerant 2A2 may contain other refrigerants alone or two or more other refrigerants.

[0358] It is particularly preferable that the refrigerant 2A2 consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf. In other words, it is particularly preferable that the total concentration of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2A2 is 100% by mass.

[0359] When the refrigerant 2A2 consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf, the mass ratio of the three components is in a triangular composition diagram with these three components as each vertex, point P (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 45.6 / 1.0 / 53.4% by mass), point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7% by mass), point Q (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 24.8 / 74.2% by mass), Point R (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 29.2 / 69.8 mass%) and point S (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 6.5 / 29.2 / 64.3 mass%), It is preferably within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these five points.

[0360] The technical meanings of point P, point B, point Q, point R and point S are as described above. Regarding the area surrounded by the figure passing through the five points of point P, point B, point Q, point R and point S, it is as described above.

[0361] In this case, for the ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf, within the mass ratio range of the area (PBQRS area) surrounded by the lines connecting the five points of point P, B, Q, R and S respectively, the GWP is 300 or less, the refrigerating capacity is 95% or more compared to R404A, and the pressure at 40 °C is 1.85 MPa.

[0362] Refrigerant 2A2 can significantly reduce the environmental load compared to other general refrigerants from the perspective of global warming because its GWP is 200 or less.

[0363] [Examples of Refrigerant 2A] Examples are given below for a more detailed explanation. However, the present disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0364] Test Example 1 The GWPs of the mixed refrigerants shown in Examples 1-1 to 1-11, Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-6 and Reference Example 1-1 (R404A) were evaluated based on the values in the 4th Report of the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change).

[0365] The COP, refrigerating capacity, and saturation pressure at 40°C of these mixed refrigerants were obtained by performing theoretical calculations of the refrigeration cycle of the mixed refrigerants under the following conditions using the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST), Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties Database (Refprop 9.0). Evaporation temperature: -40°C Condensation temperature: 40°C Superheat temperature: 20 K Subcooling temperature: 0 K Compressor efficiency: 70% The results of Test Example 1 are shown in Tables 205 and 206. Tables 205 and 206 show the examples and comparative examples of Refrigerant 2A1 of the present disclosure. In Tables 205 and 206, "COP ratio (vs. R404A)" and "refrigerating capacity ratio (vs. R404A)" indicate the ratio (%) to R404A. In Tables 205 and 206, "saturation pressure (40°C)" indicates the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C.

[0366] The coefficient of performance (COP) was obtained by the following formula. COP = (refrigerating capacity or heating capacity) / power consumption The flammability of the mixed refrigerant was judged by measuring the burning rate in accordance with the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard with the mixed composition of the mixed refrigerant as the WCF concentration.

[0367] The combustion speed test was conducted as follows. First, the mixed refrigerant used had a purity of 99.5% or higher, and was degassed by repeating the cycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no trace of air was visible on the vacuum gauge. The combustion speed was measured by the closed method. The initial temperature was the ambient temperature. Ignition was carried out by generating an electrical spark between the electrodes at the center of the sample cell. The duration of the discharge was set to 1.0 - 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 - 1.0 J. The spread of the flame was visualized using Schlieren photography. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with two acrylic windows through which light passes was used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp was used as the light source. The Schlieren image of the flame was recorded with a high-speed digital video camera at a framing rate of 600 fps and saved to a PC. When the combustion speed could not be measured (0 cm / s), it was recorded as "none (non-combustible)".

[0368] The combustion range of the mixed refrigerant was measured using a measuring device (see Figure 1T) based on ASTM E681-09. Specifically, a spherical glass flask with an internal volume of 12 liters was used so that the combustion state could be visually observed and recorded, and the glass flask was designed to release gas from the upper lid when excessive pressure was generated by combustion. The ignition method was generated by discharge from an electrode held at 1 / 3 of the height from the bottom.

[0369] <Test Conditions> Test container: 280 mmφ spherical (internal volume: 12 liters) Test temperature: 60°C ± 3°C Pressure: 101.3 kPa ± 0.7 kPa Moisture: 0.0088 g ± 0.0005 g per 1 g of dry air (moisture content at 50% relative humidity at 23°C) Refrigerant composition / air mixing ratio: 1 vol.% increments ± 0.2 vol.% Refrigerant composition mixing: ± 0.1 mass% Ignition method: AC discharge, voltage 15 kV, current 30 mA, neon transformer Electrode spacing: 6.4 mm (1 / 4 inch) Spark: 0.4 seconds ± 0.05 seconds Judgment Criteria: · When the flame spreads more than 90 degrees around the ignition point = Flame propagation exists (flammable) · When the flame spread is 90 degrees or less around the ignition point = No flame propagation (non-flammable)

[0370]

Table 205

[0371]

Table 206

[0372] Test Example 2 The GWPs of the mixed refrigerants shown in Examples 2-1 to 2-11, Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-5, and Reference Example 2-1 (R404A) were evaluated based on the values in the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report.

[0373] The COP, refrigerating capacity, and saturation pressure at 40°C of these mixed refrigerants were obtained by performing theoretical calculations of the refrigeration cycle of the mixed refrigerants under the following conditions using the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST), Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties Database (Refprop 9.0). Evaporation temperature -40°C Condensation temperature 40°C Superheat temperature 20K Subcooling temperature 0K Compressor efficiency 70% The results of Test Example 2 are shown in Tables 207 and 208. Tables 207 and 208 show the examples and comparative examples of Refrigerant 2A2 of the present disclosure. In Tables 207 and 208, the meanings of the terms are the same as in Test Example 1.

[0374] The coefficient of performance (COP) was obtained by the following formula. COP = (Refrigerating capacity or heating capacity) / Power consumption The flammability of the mixed refrigerant was judged in the same manner as in Test Example 1. The combustion rate test was conducted in the same manner as in Test Example 1.

[0375] The combustion range of the mixed refrigerant was measured using a measuring device based on ASTM E681-09 (see Figure 1T) under the same method and test conditions as in Test Example 1.

[0376] [Table 207]

[0377] [Table 208]

[0378] (1-6-2) Refrigerant 2B Refrigerant 2B is a mixed refrigerant containing HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf as essential components. Hereinafter, in this item, HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf are also referred to as "three components".

[0379] The total concentration of the three components in the entire Refrigerant 2B is 99.5% by mass or more. In other words, Refrigerant 2B contains the three components in a total of 99.5% by mass or more of these concentrations.

[0380] In Refrigerant 2B, the mass ratio of the three components is, in a triangular composition diagram having these three components as each vertex, Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5% by mass), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9% by mass), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6% by mass), Point D (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 57.0 / 42.0% by mass) and Point E (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 24.1 / 33.4 mass%) It is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through the five points.

[0381] In other words, in refrigerant 2B, the mass ratios of the three components are shown in the triangular composition diagram of FIG. 2C with the three components as each vertex: Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass%), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass%), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass%), Point D (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 57.0 / 42.0 mass%) and Point E (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 24.1 / 33.4 mass%) It is within the range of the area surrounded by the straight line a, curve b, straight line c, curve d and straight line e connecting the five points respectively.

[0382] In this item, the triangular composition diagram with the three components as each vertex means, as shown in FIG. 2C, a three-component composition diagram with the above three components (HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf) as vertices and the total concentration of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf being 100 mass%.

[0383] By having such a configuration, refrigerant 2B has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (125 or less), (2) when used as an alternative refrigerant to R404A, it has a refrigeration capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A, (3) it has a coefficient of performance (COP) equal to or higher than that of R404A, and (4) the combustion speed measured according to the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard is 5 cm / s or less.

[0384] In the present disclosure, a coefficient of performance (COP) equal to or higher than that of R404A means that the COP ratio with respect to R404A is 100% or higher (preferably 101% or higher, more preferably 102% or higher, particularly preferably 103% or higher).

[0385] In the present disclosure, a refrigerating capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A means that the refrigerating capacity ratio with respect to R404A is 85% or higher (preferably 90% or higher, more preferably 95% or higher, still more preferably 100% or higher, particularly preferably 102% or higher).

[0386] In the present disclosure, a sufficiently low GWP means that the GWP is 125 or less, preferably 110 or less, more preferably 100 or less, particularly preferably 75 or less.

[0387] In FIG. 2C, points A, B, C, D, and E are points having the above coordinates, which are indicated by open circles (○).

[0388] The technical meanings of points A, B, C, D, and E are as follows. Also, the concentration (mass %) of each point is the same as the value obtained in the examples described later. A: A mass ratio in which the burning rate measured according to the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard is 3.0 cm / s and the concentration (mass %) of HFO-1123 is 1.0 mass %. B: A mass ratio in which the concentration (mass %) of HFO-1123 is 1.0 mass % and the refrigerating capacity is 85% with respect to R404A. C: A mass ratio in which the refrigerating capacity is 85% with respect to R404A and the concentration (mass %) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass %. D: A mass ratio in which the concentration (mass %) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass % and the saturation pressure at 40°C is 2.25 MPa. E: A mass ratio in which the saturation pressure at 40°C is 2.25 MPa and the burning rate measured according to the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard is 3.0 cm / s. "The combustion rate measured in accordance with the ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 standard being 3.0 cm / s" means a value less than half of the combustion rate (10 cm / s), which is the criterion for classification as Class 2L (slightly flammable) in the ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 standard, indicating that it is relatively safe among the refrigerants defined in Class 2L. Specifically, being "a value less than half of the combustion rate (10 cm / s)" is relatively safe in that the flame is less likely to spread even if ignition occurs. Hereinafter, the combustion rate measured in accordance with the ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 standard is also simply referred to as the "combustion rate".

[0389] In refrigerant 2B, the combustion rate of the three-component mixed refrigerant is preferably more than 0 and 2.5 cm / s or less, more preferably more than 0 and 2.0 cm / s or less, and still more preferably more than 0 and 1.5 cm / s or less.

[0390] Both points A and B are on the straight line a. That is, the line segment AB is a part of the straight line a. The straight line a is a straight line showing the mass ratio at which the concentration (mass%) of HFO-1123 is 1.0 mass%. In the region on the HFO-1123 side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram compared to the straight line a, the concentration of HFO-1123 in the three-component mixed refrigerant exceeds 1.0 mass%.

[0391] In FIG. 2C, when the mass% of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass% of HFO-1123 = y, and the mass% of HFO-1234yf = z, the line segment showing the mass ratio at which the concentration of HFO-1123 is 1.0 mass% is approximated by the line segment represented by the following formula.

[0392] Line segment showing the mass ratio at which the concentration (mass%) of HFO-1123 is 1.0 mass%: A part of the straight line c connecting the two points A and B (line segment AB in FIG. 2C) y = 1.0 z = 100 - x - y 27.1 ≦ x ≦ 42.5 Points B and C are both on curve b. Curve b is a curve showing a mass ratio with a refrigerating capacity of 85% relative to R404A. In the regions of the ternary composition diagram on the HFO-1132(E) vertex side and the HFO-1123 vertex side with respect to curve b, the refrigerating capacity of the ternary mixed refrigerant exceeds 85% relative to R404A.

[0393] Curve b is obtained as follows.

[0394] Table 209 shows three points where the refrigerating capacity ratio to R404A is 85% when HFO-1132(E) = 1.0, 15.0, and 27.1 mass% (mass%). Curve b is shown by the line connecting these three points. Here, when the mass% of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass% of HFO-1123 = y, and the mass% of HFO-1234yf = z, curve b is approximated by the formula in Table 209 by the least squares method.

[0395]

Table 209

[0396] Points C and D are both on straight line c. That is, line segment CD is part of straight line c. Straight line c is a straight line showing a mass ratio with a concentration (mass%) of HFO-1132(E) of 1.0 mass%. In the region of the ternary composition diagram on the HFO-1132(E) vertex side with respect to straight line c, the concentration of HFO-1132(E) in the ternary mixed refrigerant exceeds 1.0 mass%.

[0397] In FIG. 2C, when the mass% of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass% of HFO-1123 = y, and the mass% of HFO-1234yf = z, the line segment showing the mass ratio with a concentration (mass%) of HFO-1132(E) of 1.0 mass% is approximated by the line segment represented by the following formula.

[0398] Line segment showing the mass ratio with a concentration (mass%) of HFO-1132(E) of 1.0 mass%: Part of straight line c connecting two points C and D (line segment CD in FIG. 2C) x = 1.0 z = 100 - x - y 30.4 ≤ y ≤ 57.0 Both point D and point E are on curve d. Curve d is a curve showing the mass ratio with a saturation pressure of 2.25 MPa at 40°C. In the region on the HFO-1234yf side of the apex of the triangular composition diagram compared to curve d, the three-component mixed refrigerant has a saturation pressure of less than 2.25 MPa at 40°C.

[0399] Curve d is obtained as follows.

[0400] Table 210 shows three points where the saturation pressure at 40°C is 2.25 MPa when HFO-1132(E) = 1.0, 20.0, and 42.5 mass%. Curve d is represented by the line connecting these three points. Here, when the mass% of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass% of HFO-1123 = y, and the mass% of HFO-1234yf = z, curve d is approximated by the formula in Table 210 using the least squares method.

[0401]

Table 210

[0402] Both point A and point E are on straight line e. Straight line e is a straight line showing the mass ratio at which the combustion rate is 3.0 cm / s. In the regions on the HFO-1234yf side and the HFO-1123 side of the apex of the triangular composition diagram compared to straight line e, the three-component mixed refrigerant has a combustion rate of less than 3.0 cm / s.

[0403] In FIG. 2C, when the mass% of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass% of HFO-1123 = y, and the mass% of HFO-1234yf = z, the mass ratio at which the combustion rate is 3.0 cm / s is approximated by the line segment represented by the following formula.

[0404] Line segment showing the mass ratio at which the combustion rate is 3.0 cm / s: A part of the straight line e connecting point A and point E (line segment AE in FIG. 2C) x = 42.5 z = 100 - x - y 1.0 ≤ y ≤ 24.1 The ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf has the following characteristics in terms of the mass ratio within the range of the area (ABCDE area) surrounded by the lines connecting five points A, B, C, D and E respectively: (1) the GWP is 125 or less; (2) the refrigerating capacity is 85% or more compared to R404A; (3) the saturation pressure at 40 °C is 2.25 MPa or less; and (4) the combustion speed is 3.0 cm / s or less.

[0405] In refrigerant 2B, the mass ratio of the three components is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through five points in the triangular composition diagram with the three components as each vertex, point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass %), point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass %), point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass %), point F (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 52.2 / 46.8 mass %) and point G (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6 mass %). It is preferably within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these five points.

[0406] In other words, in refrigerant 2B, the mass ratio of the three components is shown in the triangular composition diagram of Fig. 2C with the three components as each vertex: point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass %), point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass %), point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass %). Point F (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 52.2 / 46.8 mass%) and point G (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6 mass%) It is preferably within the range of the region surrounded by the straight line a, the curve b, the straight line c, the curve f, and the straight line e connecting the five points respectively.

[0407] Regarding the triangular composition diagram with the above three components as each vertex, it is as described above.

[0408] In FIG. 2C, point A, point B, point C, point F, and point G are points having the above coordinates, indicated by open circles (○).

[0409] The technical meanings of points A, B, and C are as described above.

[0410] The technical meanings of points F and G are as follows. Also, the concentration (mass%) of each point is the same as the value obtained in the examples described later. F: The concentration (mass%) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass%, and the mass ratio with a saturation pressure of 2.15 MPa at 40°C G: The mass ratio with a saturation pressure of 2.15 MPa at 40°C and a combustion rate of 3.0 cm / s measured according to the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard Regarding the straight line a, the curve b, the straight line c, and the straight line e, it is as described above. Point F is on the straight line c, and point G is on the straight line e.

[0411] Both points F and G are on the curve f. The curve f is a curve showing the mass ratio with a saturation pressure of 2.15 MPa at 40°C. In the region on the HFO-1234yf side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram compared to the curve f, the mixed refrigerant of the three components has a saturation pressure of less than 2.15 MPa at 40°C.

[0412] The curve f is obtained as follows.

[0413] Table 211 shows three points where the saturation pressure at 40 °C is 2.25 MPa when HFO-1132(E) = 1.0, 20.0, and 42.5 mass%. Curve f is shown as the line connecting these three points. Here, when the mass% of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass% of HFO-1123 = y, and the mass% of HFO-1234yf = z, curve f is approximated by the formula in Table 211 using the least squares method.

[0414]

Table 211

[0415] The ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf has the following characteristics in the mass ratio within the range of the region (ABCFG region) surrounded by the lines connecting the five points A, B, C, F, and G respectively: (1) the GWP is 125 or less, (2) the refrigerating capacity is 85% or more compared to R404A, (3) the saturation pressure at 40 °C is 2.15 MPa or less, and (4) the combustion velocity is 3.0 cm / s or less.

[0416] In refrigerant 2B, the mass ratio of the three components is in the triangular composition diagram with these three components as the respective vertices. Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass%), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass%), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass%), Point H (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 35.2 / 63.8 mass%), Point I (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.4 / 29.8 / 42.8 mass%) and Point G (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6 mass%) Preferably, it is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through the six points.

[0417] In other words, in the refrigerant 2B, the mass ratios of the three components are shown in the triangular composition diagram of FIG. 2C having the three components as respective vertices: Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass %), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass %), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass %), Point H (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 35.2 / 63.8 mass %), Point I (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.4 / 29.8 / 42.8 mass %) and Point G (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6 mass %) Preferably, it is within the range of the area surrounded by the straight line a, the curve b, the straight line c, the curve g, the curve f, and the straight line e connecting the six points respectively.

[0418] Regarding the triangular composition diagram having the above three components as respective vertices, it is as described above.

[0419] In FIG. 2C, points A, B, C, G, H, and I are points having the above coordinates, and are indicated by open circles (○).

[0420] The technical meanings of points A, B, C, and G are as described above.

[0421] The technical meanings of points H and I are as follows. Also, the concentration (mass %) of each point is the same as the value obtained in the examples described later. H: The concentration (mass %) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass %, and the mass ratio at which the COP is 100% with respect to R404A I: The mass ratio where the COP is 100% with respect to R404A and the saturation pressure at 40 °C is 2.15 MPa For the straight line a, the curve b, the straight line c, the straight line e, and the curve f, it is as described above. The point H is on the straight line c, and the point I is on the curve f.

[0422] Both the points H and I are on the curve g. The curve g is a curve showing the mass ratio where the COP is 100% with respect to R404A. In the regions on the HFO - 1132(E) vertex side and the HFO - 1234yf vertex side of the ternary composition diagram compared to the curve g, the mixed refrigerant of the three components has a COP less than 100% with respect to R404A.

[0423] The curve g is obtained as follows.

[0424] Table 212 shows three points where the saturation pressure at 40 °C is 2.25 MPa when HFO - 1132(E) = 1.0, 20.0, and 42.5 mass%. The curve f is shown as the line connecting these three points. Here, when the mass% of HFO - 1132(E) = x, the mass% of HFO - 1123 = y, and the mass% of HFO - 1234yf = z, the curve f is approximated by the formula in Table 212 by the least - squares method.

[0425]

Table 212

[0426] The ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO - 1132(E), HFO - 1123, and HFO - 1234yf has the following characteristics in the mass ratio within the range of the region (ABCHIG region) surrounded by the lines connecting the six points A, B, C, H, I, and G respectively: (1) the GWP is 125 or less, (2) the refrigerating capacity is 85% or more compared to R404A, (3) the COP is 100% or more compared to R404A, (4) the saturation pressure at 40 °C is 2.15 MPa or less, and (5) the combustion speed is 3.0 cm / s or less.

[0427] Refrigerant 2B contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf in a total concentration of 99.5 mass% or more. Among them, it is preferable that the total amount of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf in the entire Refrigerant 2B is 99.7 mass% or more, more preferably 99.8 mass% or more, and still more preferably 99.9 mass% or more.

[0428] Refrigerant 2B can further contain other refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf within the range that does not impair the above characteristics. In this case, the content ratio of other refrigerants in the entire Refrigerant 2B is preferably 0.5 mass% or less, more preferably 0.3 mass% or less, still more preferably 0.2 mass% or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 mass% or less. Other refrigerants are not particularly limited and can be widely selected from known refrigerants widely used in this field. Refrigerant 2B may contain other refrigerants alone or may contain two or more other refrigerants.

[0429] It is particularly preferable that Refrigerant 2B consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf. In other words, it is particularly preferable that the total concentration of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf in the entire Refrigerant 2B is 100 mass%.

[0430] When Refrigerant 2B consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf, the mass ratio of the three components is in a triangular composition diagram with these three components as each vertex, Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass%), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass%), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass%), Point D (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 57.0 / 42.0 mass%) and Point E (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 24.1 / 33.4 mass%) It is preferably within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these five points.

[0431] The technical meanings of points A, B, C, D, and E are as described above. Regarding the area surrounded by the figure passing through the five points A, B, C, D, and E, it is as described above.

[0432] In this case, the ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf has the following characteristics in terms of the mass ratio within the area (ABCDE area) surrounded by the lines connecting the five points A, B, C, D, and E respectively: (1) the GWP is 125 or less, (2) the refrigerating capacity is 85% or more compared to R404A, (3) the saturation pressure at 40 °C is 2.25 MPa or less, and (4) the combustion speed is 3.0 cm / s or less.

[0433] When refrigerant 2B consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf, the mass ratio of the three components is, in the triangular composition diagram with these three components as the respective vertices, Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass%), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass%), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass%), Point F (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 52.2 / 46.8 mass%) and Point G (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6 mass%) It is more preferable that it is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through the following five points.

[0434] The technical meanings of points A, B, C, F, and G are as described above. Regarding the area surrounded by the figure passing through the five points A, B, C, F, and G, it is as described above.

[0435] In this case, the ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf has the following characteristics in terms of the mass ratio within the range of the area surrounded by the lines connecting the five points A, B, C, F, and G (ABCFG area): (1) the GWP is 125 or less, (2) the refrigeration capacity is 85% or more compared to R404A, (3) the saturation pressure at 40°C is 2.15 MPa or less, and (4) the combustion speed is 3.0 cm / s or less.

[0436] When refrigerant 2B consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf, the mass ratio of the three components is in the triangular composition diagram with these three components as the respective vertices, point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass%), point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass%), point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass%), point H (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 35.2 / 63.8 mass%), point I (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.4 / 29.8 / 42.8 mass%) and point G (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6 mass%) It is even more preferable that it is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through the following six points.

[0437] The technical meanings of points A, B, C, G, H, and I are as described above. Regarding the area enclosed by the figure passing through the six points A, B, C, H, I, and G, it is as described above.

[0438] In this case, the ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf has the following characteristics in terms of the mass ratio within the area (ABCHIG area) enclosed by the lines connecting the six points A, B, C, H, I, and G respectively: (1) the GWP is 125 or less; (2) the refrigerating capacity is 85% or more compared to R404A; (3) the COP is 100% or more compared to R404A; (4) the saturation pressure at 40°C is 2.15 MPa or less; and (5) the combustion speed is 3.0 cm / s or less.

[0439] Since the GWP of Refrigerant 2B is 125 or less, from the perspective of global warming, the environmental load can be significantly reduced compared to other general refrigerants.

[0440] [Examples of Refrigerant 2B] Examples are given below for a more detailed explanation. However, the present disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0441] Test Example 1 The GWPs of the mixed refrigerants shown in Examples 1 to 38, Comparative Examples 1 to 9, and Reference Example 1 (R404A) were evaluated based on the values in the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change).

[0442] The COP, refrigerating capacity, and saturation pressure at 40°C of these mixed refrigerants were obtained by performing theoretical calculations of the refrigeration cycle of the mixed refrigerant under the following conditions using the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST), Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties Database (Refprop 9.0). Evaporation temperature: -40°C Condensation temperature: 40°C Superheat temperature: 20 K Subcooling temperature: 0 K Compressor efficiency: 70% The results of Test Example 1 are shown in Tables 213 to 216. In Tables 213 to 216, "COP ratio (versus R404A)" and "refrigerating capacity ratio (versus R404A)" indicate the ratio (%) to R404A. In Tables 213 to 216, "saturation pressure (40°C)" indicates the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C.

[0443] The coefficient of performance (COP) was determined by the following equation. COP = (refrigerating capacity or heating capacity) / power consumption The flammability of the mixed refrigerant was judged by measuring the burning rate in accordance with the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard with the mixing composition of the mixed refrigerant as the WCF concentration.

[0444] The burning rate test was conducted as follows. First, the mixed refrigerant used had a purity of 99.5% or higher, and was degassed by repeating the cycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no trace of air was visible on the vacuum gauge. The burning rate was measured by the closed method. The initial temperature was the ambient temperature. Ignition was performed by generating an electrical spark between electrodes at the center of the sample cell. The duration of the discharge was 1.0 to 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 to 1.0 J. The spread of the flame was visualized using Schlieren photography. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with two acrylic windows through which light passes was used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp was used as the light source. The Schlieren image of the flame was recorded with a high-speed digital video camera at a framing rate of 600 fps and saved on a PC. When the burning rate could not be measured (0 cm / s), it was regarded as "none (non-flammable)".

[0445] The combustion range of the mixed refrigerant was measured using a measuring device (see Figure 1T) based on ASTM E681-09. Specifically, a spherical glass flask with an internal volume of 12 liters was used so that the combustion state could be visually observed and recorded by video. The glass flask was designed to release gas from the upper lid when excessive pressure was generated by combustion. The ignition method was generated by a discharge from an electrode held at a height of 1 / 3 from the bottom.

[0446] <Test Conditions> Test container: 280 mmφ spherical (internal volume: 12 liters) Test temperature: 60°C ± 3°C Pressure: 101.3 kPa ± 0.7 kPa Moisture: 0.0088 g ± 0.0005 g per 1 g of dry air (moisture content at 50% relative humidity at 23°C) Refrigerant composition / air mixing ratio: in 1 vol.% increments ± 0.2 vol.% Refrigerant composition mixing: ± 0.1 mass% Ignition method: AC discharge, voltage 15 kV, current 30 mA, neon transformer Electrode gap: 6.4 mm (1 / 4 inch) Spark: 0.4 s ± 0.05 s Judgment criteria: · When the flame spreads more than 90 degrees around the ignition point = Flame propagation exists (flammable) · When the flame spread is 90 degrees or less around the ignition point = No flame propagation (non-flammable)

[0447]

Table 213

[0448]

Table 214

[0449]

Table 215

[0450]

Table 216

[0451] (1-6-3) Refrigerant 2C In one aspect, Refrigerant 2C contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. With respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 35.0 to 65.0% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 65.0 to 35.0% by mass. This refrigerant may be referred to as "Refrigerant 2C1".

[0452] (1-6-3-1) Refrigerant 2C1 By having the above-described configuration, Refrigerant 2C1 has the following characteristics: (1) a sufficiently low GWP (100 or less), (2) having a COP equal to or higher than that of R404A, and (3) having a refrigerating capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A.

[0453] In Refrigerant 2C1, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 35.0% by mass or more, a refrigerating capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A can be obtained. Also, in Refrigerant 2C1, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 65.0% by mass or less, the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C in the refrigeration cycle of Refrigerant 2C1 can be maintained within a suitable range (particularly 2.10 Mpa or less).

[0454] In Refrigerant 2C1, it is sufficient that the refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A is 95% or more, preferably 98% or more, more preferably 100% or more, still more preferably 101% or more, and particularly preferably 102% or more.

[0455] Refrigerant 2C1 can significantly reduce the environmental impact compared to other general-purpose refrigerants from the perspective of global warming because its GWP is 100 or less.

[0456] In terms of energy consumption efficiency, it is preferable that the ratio of the power consumed to the refrigeration capacity (coefficient of performance (COP)) in the refrigeration cycle for Refrigerant 2C1 compared to R404A is high. Specifically, the COP for R404A is preferably 98% or more, more preferably 100% or more, and particularly preferably 102% or more.

[0457] In Refrigerant 2C1, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is preferably 40.5 to 59.0% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is preferably 59.5 to 41.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, Refrigerant 2C1 has a GWP of 100 or less, a COP for R404A of 101% or more, and a refrigeration capacity for R404A of 99% or more. Furthermore, in this case, since the saturation pressure of Refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.75 MPa or more and 2.00 MPa or less, it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0458] In Refrigerant 2C1, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is more preferably 41.3 to 59.0% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is more preferably 58.7 to 41.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, Refrigerant 2C1 has a GWP of 100 or less, a COP for R404A of 101% or more, and a refrigeration capacity for R404A of 99.5% or more. Furthermore, in this case, since the saturation pressure of Refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 2.00 MPa or less, it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0459] In refrigerant 2C1, it is more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 55.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 45.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C1 has a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 101% or more, and a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 99.5% or more. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 1.95 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0460] In refrigerant 2C1, it is particularly preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 53.5% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 46.5% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C1 has characteristics such as a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 99.5% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 1.94 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0461] In refrigerant 2C1, it is particularly preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 51.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 49.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C1 has characteristics such as a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 99% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 1.90 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0462] In refrigerant 2C1, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is most preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 49.2% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 50.8% by mass. In this case, refrigerant 2C1 has various properties: its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R404A is 102% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A is 99.5% or more, and it is slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Furthermore, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0463] In refrigerant 2C1, the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C is usually 2.10 MPa or less, preferably 2.00 MPa or less, more preferably 1.95 MPa or less, still more preferably 1.90 MPa or less, and particularly preferably 1.88 MPa or less. If the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C is within such a range, refrigerant 2C1 can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0464] In refrigerant 2C1, the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C is usually 1.70 MPa or more, preferably 1.73 MPa or more, more preferably 1.74 MPa or more, still more preferably 1.75 MPa or more, and particularly preferably 1.76 MPa or more. If the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C is within such a range, refrigerant 2C1 can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0465] In the present disclosure, when refrigerant 2C1 is used to operate a refrigeration cycle, from the perspective of extending the life of the components of a commercially available R404A refrigeration device, the discharge temperature is preferably 150°C or less, more preferably 140°C or less, still more preferably 130°C or less, and particularly preferably 120°C or less.

[0466] By using the refrigerant 2C1 to operate a refrigeration cycle with an evaporation temperature of -75 to -5°C, there is an advantage that a refrigeration capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A can be obtained.

[0467] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C1 of the present disclosure is used, when the evaporation temperature exceeds -5°C, the compression ratio becomes less than 2.5, and the efficiency as a refrigeration cycle deteriorates. In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C1 of the present disclosure is used, when the evaporation temperature is less than -75°C, the evaporation pressure becomes less than 0.02 MPa, and it becomes difficult to suck the refrigerant into the compressor. The compression ratio can be obtained by the following formula. Compression ratio = Condensing pressure (Mpa) / Evaporation pressure (Mpa) In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C1 of the present disclosure is used, the evaporation temperature is preferably -7.5°C or lower, more preferably -10°C or lower, and still more preferably -35°C or lower.

[0468] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C1 of the present disclosure is used, the evaporation temperature is preferably -65°C or higher, more preferably -60°C or higher, still more preferably -55°C or higher, and particularly preferably -50°C or higher.

[0469] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C1 of the present disclosure is used, the evaporation temperature is preferably -65°C or higher and -5°C or lower, more preferably -60°C or higher and -5°C or lower, still more preferably -55°C or higher and -7.5°C or lower, and particularly preferably -50°C or higher and -10°C or lower.

[0470] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C1 of the present disclosure is used, from the viewpoint of improving the suction of the refrigerant into the compressor, the evaporation pressure is preferably 0.02 MPa or higher, more preferably 0.03 MPa or higher, still more preferably 0.04 MPa or higher, and particularly preferably 0.05 MPa or higher.

[0471] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C1 of the present disclosure is used, from the viewpoint of improving the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle, the compression ratio is preferably 2.5 or more, more preferably 3.0 or more, still more preferably 3.5 or more, and particularly preferably 4.0 or more. In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C1 of the present disclosure is used, from the viewpoint of improving the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle, the compression ratio is preferably 200 or less, more preferably 150 or less, still more preferably 100 or less, and particularly preferably 50 or less.

[0472] The refrigerant 2C1 may usually contain HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in a total amount of these concentrations of 99.5% by mass or more. In the present disclosure, if the total amount of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2C1 is 99.7% by mass or more, it is preferable, if it is 99.8% by mass or more, it is more preferable, and if it is 99.9% by mass or more, it is still more preferable.

[0473] The refrigerant 2C1 can further contain other refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf within a range that does not impair the above characteristics. In this case, the content ratio of other refrigerants in the entire refrigerant 2C1 is preferably 0.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.3% by mass or less, still more preferably 0.2% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.1% by mass or less. The other refrigerant is not particularly limited and can be widely selected from known refrigerants widely used in this field. The refrigerant 2C1 may contain other refrigerants alone or may contain two or more other refrigerants.

[0474] It is particularly preferable that the refrigerant 2C1 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In other words, it is particularly preferable that the total concentration of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2C1 is 100% by mass.

[0475] When the refrigerant 2C1 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is usually 35.0 to 65.0% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is usually 65.0 to 35.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. By having such a composition, the refrigerant 2C1 has various characteristics: (1) a sufficiently small GWP (100 or less), (2) a COP equal to or higher than that of R404A, and (3) a refrigerating capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A.

[0476] When the refrigerant 2C1 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 40.5 to 59.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 59.5 to 41.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C1 has a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 101% or more, and a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 99% or more. Furthermore, in this case, since the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.75 MPa or more and 2.00 MPa or less, it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0477] When the refrigerant 2C1 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 59.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 41.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C1 has a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 101% or more, and a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 99.5% or more. Furthermore, in this case, since the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 2.00 MPa or less, it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0478] When the refrigerant 2C1 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 55.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 45.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C1 has a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 101% or more, and a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 99.5% or more. Further, in this case, the refrigerant 2C1 has a saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C of 1.76 MPa or more and 1.95 MPa or less, and can be applied to a commercially available R404A refrigeration device without major design changes.

[0479]

[0480] When the refrigerant 2C1 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is particularly preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 51.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 49.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C1 has properties such that its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R404A is 102% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A is 99% or more, and it is slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Furthermore, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 1.90 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0481] When the refrigerant 2C1 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is most preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 49.2% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 50.8% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C1 has properties such that its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R404A is 102% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A is 99.5% or more, and it is slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Furthermore, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0482] (1-6-3-2) Refrigerant 2C2 In one aspect, the refrigerant contained in the composition of the present disclosure contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, and the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 40.5 to 49.2% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 59.5 to 50.8% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. This refrigerant may be referred to as "refrigerant 2C2".

[0483] By having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant 2C2 has the following characteristics: (1) a sufficiently low GWP (100 or less), (2) a COP equal to or higher than that of R404A, (3) a refrigerating capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A, and (4) being slightly flammable (Class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.75 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0484] In the refrigerant 2C2, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 40.5% by mass or more, a refrigerating capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A can be obtained. Also, in the refrigerant 2C2, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 49.2% by mass or less, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C in the refrigeration cycle can be maintained within a suitable range (particularly 2.10 Mpa or less).

[0485] In the refrigerant 2C2, the refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A may be 99% or more, preferably 100% or more, more preferably 101% or more, still more preferably 102% or more, and particularly preferably 103% or more.

[0486] Since the GWP of the refrigerant 2C2 is 100 or less, the environmental load can be significantly reduced compared to other general-purpose refrigerants from the perspective of global warming.

[0487] From the viewpoint of energy consumption efficiency, it is preferable that the ratio of the power consumed in the refrigeration cycle with respect to R404A to the refrigerating capacity (coefficient of performance (COP)) of the refrigerant 2C2 is high. Specifically, the COP with respect to R404A is preferably 98% or more, more preferably 100% or more, still more preferably 101% or more, and particularly preferably 102% or more.

[0488] In refrigerant 2C2, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is preferably 41.3 to 49.2% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is preferably 58.7 to 50.8% by mass. In this case, refrigerant 2C2 has various characteristics such that its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R404A is 102% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A is 99.5% or more, and it is slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0489] In refrigerant 2C2, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is more preferably 43.0 to 49.2% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is more preferably 57.0 to 50.8% by mass. In this case, refrigerant 2C2 has various characteristics such that its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R404A is 102% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A is 101% or more, and it is slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.78 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0490] In refrigerant 2C2, it is more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 44.0 to 49.2% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 56.0 to 50.8% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C2 has various characteristics such as having a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 101% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.80 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0491] In refrigerant 2C2, it is particularly preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 45.0 to 49.2% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 55.0 to 50.8% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C2 has various characteristics such as having a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 102% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.81 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0492] In refrigerant 2C2, it is particularly preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 45.0 to 48.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 55.0 to 52.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C2 has various properties such as having a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102.5% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 102.5% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.81 MPa or more and 1.87 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0493] In refrigerant 2C2, it is most preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 45.0 to 47.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 55.0 to 53.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C2 has various properties such as having a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102.5% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 102.5% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.81 MPa or more and 1.85 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0494] In refrigerant 2C2, the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C is usually 2.10 MPa or less, preferably 2.00 MPa or less, more preferably 1.95 MPa or less, still more preferably 1.90 MPa or less, and particularly preferably 1.88 MPa or less. If the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C is within such a range, refrigerant 2C2 can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0495] In refrigerant 2C2, the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C is usually 1.70 MPa or more, preferably 1.73 MPa or more, more preferably 1.74 MPa or more, still more preferably 1.75 MPa or more, and particularly preferably 1.76 MPa or more. If the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C is within such a range, refrigerant 2C2 can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0496] In the present disclosure, when refrigerant 2C2 is used to operate a refrigeration cycle, from the viewpoint of extending the life of the members of a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A, the discharge temperature is preferably 150°C or lower, more preferably 140°C or lower, still more preferably 130°C or lower, and particularly preferably 120°C or lower.

[0497] In the present disclosure, from the viewpoint of obtaining a refrigeration capacity equal to or greater than that of R404A, refrigerant 2C2 is preferably used to operate a refrigeration cycle in which the evaporation temperature is -75 to 15°C.

[0498] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C2 of the present disclosure is used, the evaporation temperature is preferably 15°C or lower, more preferably 5°C or lower, still more preferably 0°C or lower, and particularly preferably -5°C or lower.

[0499] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C2 of the present disclosure is used, the evaporation temperature is preferably -65°C or higher, more preferably -60°C or higher, still more preferably -55°C or higher, and particularly preferably -50°C or higher.

[0500] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C2 of the present disclosure is used, the evaporation temperature is preferably -65°C or higher and 15°C or lower, more preferably -60°C or higher and 5°C or lower, still more preferably -55°C or higher and 0°C or lower, and particularly preferably -50°C or higher and -5°C or lower.

[0501] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C2 of the present disclosure is used, from the viewpoint of improving the suction of the refrigerant into the compressor, the evaporation pressure is preferably 0.02 MPa or more, more preferably 0.03 MPa or more, still more preferably 0.04 MPa or more, and particularly preferably 0.05 MPa or more.

[0502] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C2 of the present disclosure is used, from the viewpoint of improving the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle, the compression ratio is preferably 2.5 or more, more preferably 3.0 or more, still more preferably 3.5 or more, and particularly preferably 4.0 or more.

[0503] The refrigerant 2C2 may usually contain HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in a total amount of these concentrations of 99.5% by mass or more. In the present disclosure, it is preferable that the total amount of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2C2 is 99.7% by mass or more, more preferably 99.8% by mass or more, and still more preferably 99.9% by mass or more.

[0504] The refrigerant 2C2 can further contain other refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf within a range that does not impair the above characteristics. In this case, the content ratio of other refrigerants in the entire refrigerant 2C2 is preferably 0.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.3% by mass or less, still more preferably 0.2% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.1% by mass or less. Other refrigerants are not particularly limited and can be widely selected from known refrigerants widely used in this field. The refrigerant 2C2 may contain other refrigerants alone or may contain two or more other refrigerants.

[0505] It is particularly preferable that the refrigerant 2C2 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In other words, it is particularly preferable that the total concentration of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2C2 is 100% by mass.

[0506] When the refrigerant 2C2 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is usually 40.5 to 49.2% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is usually 59.5 to 50.8% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. By having such a composition, the refrigerant 2C2 has various characteristics: (1) its GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less); (2) it has a COP equal to or higher than that of R404A; (3) it has a refrigerating capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A; and (4) it is slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.75 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0507] When the refrigerant 2C2 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 49.2% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 50.8% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C2 has various characteristics: its GWP is 100 or less; its COP with respect to R404A is 102% or more; its refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A is 99.5% or more; and it is slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0508] When refrigerant 2C2 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 43.0 to 49.2% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 57.0 to 50.8% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C2 has various properties such as a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 101% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40 °C is 1.78 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0509] When refrigerant 2C2 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is even more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 44.0 to 49.2% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 56.0 to 50.8% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C2 has various properties such as a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 101% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40 °C is 1.80 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0510] When the refrigerant 2C2 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is particularly preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 45.0 to 49.2% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 55.0 to 50.8% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C2 has various properties such as a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 102% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturated pressure of the refrigerant 2C2 at a saturated temperature of 40 °C is 1.81 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0511] When the refrigerant 2C2 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is particularly preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 45.0 to 48.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 55.0 to 52.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C2 has various properties such as a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102.5% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 102.5% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturated pressure of the refrigerant 2C2 at a saturated temperature of 40 °C is 1.81 MPa or more and 1.87 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0512] (1-6-3-3) Refrigerant 2C3 In one aspect, the refrigerant contained in the composition of the present disclosure contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, and the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 31.1 to 39.8% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 68.9 to 60.2% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. This refrigerant may be referred to as "refrigerant 2C3".

[0513] By having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) its GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less); (2) it has a COP comparable to that of R134a; (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 150% or more compared to R134a; and (4) its discharge temperature is 90°C or less.

[0514] In the refrigerant 2C3, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 31.1% by mass or more, a refrigerating capacity of 150% or more compared to R134a can be obtained. Also, in the refrigerant 2C3, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 39.8% by mass or less, the discharge temperature in the refrigeration cycle of the refrigerant 2C3 can be maintained at 90°C or less, and the service life of the members of the refrigeration device for R134a can be ensured to be long.

[0515] In the refrigerant 2C3, it is sufficient that the refrigerating capacity with respect to R134a is 150% or more, but preferably 151% or more, more preferably 152% or more, still more preferably 153% or more, and particularly preferably 154% or more.

[0516] In the refrigerant 2C3, the discharge temperature in the refrigeration cycle is preferably 90.0°C or less, more preferably 89.7°C or less, still more preferably 89.4°C or less, and particularly preferably 89.0°C or less.

[0517] Since the GWP of the refrigerant 2C3 is 100 or less, from the perspective of global warming, the environmental load can be significantly reduced compared to other general-purpose refrigerants.

[0518] From the perspective of energy consumption efficiency, it is preferable that the refrigerant 2C3 has a high ratio of the power consumed in the refrigeration cycle to the refrigeration capacity (coefficient of performance (COP)) with respect to R134a. Specifically, the COP with respect to R134a is preferably 90% or more, more preferably 91% or more, still more preferably 91.5% or more, and particularly preferably 92% or more.

[0519] In the refrigerant 2C3, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is usually 31.1 to 39.8% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is usually 68.9 to 60.2% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. By having such a configuration, the refrigerant 2C3 has various characteristics: (1) a sufficiently small GWP (100 or less), (2) having a COP comparable to that of R134a, (3) having a refrigeration capacity of 150% or more compared to R134a, and (4) a discharge temperature of 90.0°C or less.

[0520] In the refrigerant 2C3, it is preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 31.1 to 37.9% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 68.9 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant 2C3 has various characteristics: (1) a sufficiently small GWP (100 or less), (2) having a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a, (3) having a refrigeration capacity of 150% or more compared to R134a, (4) a discharge temperature of 90.0°C or less, and (5) a critical temperature of 81°C or more.

[0521] In refrigerant 2C3, it is more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 32.0 to 37.9% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 68.0 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above-described configuration, refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less), (2) it has a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a, (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 151% or more compared to R134a, (4) the discharge temperature is 90.0°C or less, and (5) the critical temperature is 81°C or more.

[0522] In refrigerant 2C3, it is even more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 33.0 to 37.9% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 67.0 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above-described configuration, refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less), (2) it has a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a, (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 152% or more compared to R134a, (4) the discharge temperature is 90.0°C or less, and (5) the critical temperature is 81°C or more.

[0523] In refrigerant 2C3, it is still more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 34.0 to 37.9% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 66.0 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above-described configuration, refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less), (2) it has a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a, (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 153% or more compared to R134a, (4) the discharge temperature is 90.0°C or less, and (5) the critical temperature is 81°C or more.

[0524] In refrigerant 2C3, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is preferably 35.0 to 37.9% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is preferably 65.0 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics due to having the above-described configuration: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less), (2) it has a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a, (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 155% or more compared to R134a, (4) the discharge temperature is 90.0°C or less, and (5) the critical temperature is 81°C or more.

[0525] In the present disclosure, when refrigerant 2C3 is used to operate a refrigeration cycle, from the viewpoint of extending the life of the members of a commercially available refrigeration device for R134a, the discharge temperature is preferably 90.0°C or less, more preferably 89.7°C or less, still more preferably 89.4°C or less, and particularly preferably 89.0°C or less.

[0526] In the present disclosure, when refrigerant 2C3 is used to operate a refrigeration cycle, since the refrigeration cycle requires a process of liquefying (condensing) the refrigerant, the critical temperature needs to be significantly higher than the temperature of the cooling water or cooling air for liquefying the refrigerant. From such a viewpoint, in the refrigeration cycle in which refrigerant 2C3 of the present disclosure is used, the critical temperature is preferably 80°C or more, more preferably 81°C or more, still more preferably 81.5°C or more, and particularly 82°C or more.

[0527] In the present disclosure, refrigerant 2C3 is usually used to operate a refrigeration cycle having an evaporation temperature of -75 to 15°C from the viewpoint of obtaining a refrigerating capacity of 150% or more compared to R134a.

[0528] In the refrigeration cycle in which refrigerant 2C3 of the present disclosure is used, the evaporation temperature is preferably 15°C or less, more preferably 5°C or less, still more preferably 0°C or less, and particularly preferably -5°C or less.

[0529] In the refrigeration cycle using the refrigerant 2C3 of the present disclosure, the evaporation temperature is preferably -65°C or higher, more preferably -60°C or higher, still more preferably -55°C or higher, and particularly preferably -50°C or higher.

[0530] In the refrigeration cycle using the refrigerant 2C3 of the present disclosure, the evaporation temperature is preferably -65°C or higher and 15°C or lower, more preferably -60°C or higher and 5°C or lower, still more preferably -55°C or higher and 0°C or lower, and particularly preferably -50°C or higher and -5°C or lower.

[0531] In the refrigeration cycle using the refrigerant 2C3 of the present disclosure, from the viewpoint of performance improvement, the critical temperature of the refrigerant is preferably 80°C or higher, more preferably 81°C or higher, still more preferably 81.5°C or higher, and particularly preferably 82°C or higher.

[0532] The refrigerant 2C3 may usually contain HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in a total of these concentrations of 99.5% by mass or more. In the present disclosure, if the total amount of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2C3 is 99.7% by mass or more, it is preferable, if it is 99.8% by mass or more, it is more preferable, and if it is 99.9% by mass or more, it is still more preferable.

[0533] The refrigerant 2C3 can further contain other refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf within a range that does not impair the above characteristics. In this case, the content ratio of other refrigerants in the entire refrigerant 2C3 is preferably 0.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.3% by mass or less, still more preferably 0.2% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.1% by mass or less. Other refrigerants are not particularly limited and can be widely selected from known refrigerants widely used in this field. The refrigerant 2C3 may contain other refrigerants alone or may contain two or more other refrigerants.

[0534] The refrigerant 2C3 preferably consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In other words, it is particularly preferred that the total concentration of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2C3 is 100% by mass.

[0535] When the refrigerant 2C3 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is usually 31.1 to 39.8% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is usually 68.9 to 60.2% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. By having such a composition, the refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) a sufficiently small GWP (100 or less), (2) a COP equivalent to that of R134a, (3) a refrigerating capacity of 150% or more compared to R134a, and (4) a discharge temperature of 90°C or less.

[0536] When the refrigerant 2C3 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is preferred that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 31.1 to 37.9% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 68.9 to 62.1% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above composition, the refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) a sufficiently small GWP (100 or less), (2) a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a, (3) a refrigerating capacity of 150% or more compared to R134a, (4) a discharge temperature of 90.0°C or less, and (5) a critical temperature of 81°C or more.

[0537] When the refrigerant 2C3 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 32.0 to 37.9% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 68.0 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less), (2) it has a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a, (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 151% or more compared to R134a, (4) the discharge temperature is 90.0°C or less, and (5) the critical temperature is 81°C or more.

[0538] When the refrigerant 2C3 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is even more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 33.0 to 37.9% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 67.0 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less), (2) it has a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a, (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 152% or more compared to R134a, (4) the discharge temperature is 90.0°C or less, and (5) the critical temperature is 81°C or more.

[0539] When the refrigerant 2C3 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is even more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 34.0 to 37.9% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 66.0 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less), (2) it has a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a, (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 153% or more compared to R134a, (4) the discharge temperature is 90.0°C or less, and (5) the critical temperature is 81°C or more.

[0540] When the refrigerant 2C3 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 35.0 to 37.9% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 65.0 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less); (2) it has a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a; (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 155% or more compared to R134a; (4) the discharge temperature is 90.0°C or less; and (5) the critical temperature is 81°C or more.

[0541] (1-6-3-4) Refrigerant 2C4 In one aspect, the refrigerant contained in the composition of the present disclosure contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, and the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 21.0 to 28.4% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 79.0 to 71.6% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. This refrigerant may be referred to as "refrigerant 2C4".

[0542] By having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant 2C4 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less); (2) it has a COP equivalent to that of R1234yf; (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 140% or more compared to R1234yf; and (4) it has a slight flammability (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Further, in this case, the saturated pressure of the refrigerant 2C4 at a saturated temperature of -10°C is 0.380 MPa or more and 0.420 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R1234yf without major design changes.

[0543] In refrigerant 2C4, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 21.0% by mass or more, a refrigerating capacity of 140% or more can be obtained compared to R1234yf. Further, in refrigerant 2C4, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 28.4% by mass or less, it becomes easier to secure a critical temperature of 83.5°C or higher.

[0544] In refrigerant 2C4, the refrigerating capacity relative to R1234yf may be 140% or more, preferably 142% or more, more preferably 143% or more, still more preferably 145% or more, and particularly preferably 146% or more.

[0545] Since the GWP of refrigerant 2C4 is 100 or less, the environmental load can be significantly reduced compared to other general-purpose refrigerants from the perspective of global warming.

[0546] From the viewpoint of energy consumption efficiency, refrigerant 2C4 preferably has a high ratio (coefficient of performance (COP)) of the power consumed in the refrigeration cycle to the refrigerating capacity relative to R1234yf. Specifically, the COP relative to R1234yf is preferably 95% or more, more preferably 96% or more, still more preferably 97% or more, and particularly preferably 98% or more.

[0547] In refrigerant 2C4, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is preferably 21.5 to 28.0% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is preferably 78.5 to 72.0% by mass. In this case, refrigerant 2C4 has various properties: its GWP is 100 or less; its COP relative to R1234yf is 98% or more; its refrigerating capacity relative to R1234yf is 140% or more; it is slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (being Class 2L); its discharge temperature is 65.0°C or less; and its critical temperature is 83.5°C or more. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.383 MPa or more and 0.418 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available refrigeration devices for R1234yf without major design changes.

[0548] In refrigerant 2C4, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is more preferably 22.0 to 27.7% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is more preferably 78.0 to 72.3% by mass. In this case, refrigerant 2C4 has various properties: its GWP is 100 or less; its COP relative to R1234yf is 98% or more; its refrigerating capacity relative to R1234yf is 140% or more; it is slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (being Class 2L); its discharge temperature is 65.0°C or less; and its critical temperature is 83.5°C or more. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.385 MPa or more and 0.417 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available refrigeration devices for R1234yf without major design changes.

[0549] In refrigerant 2C4, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is more preferably 22.5 to 27.5% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is more preferably 77.5 to 72.5% by mass. In this case, refrigerant 2C4 has various characteristics: its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R1234yf is 98% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R1234yf is 140% or more, it is slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (being Class 2L), its discharge temperature is 64.8°C or less, and its critical temperature is 83.8°C or more. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.388 MPa or more and 0.414 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R1234yf refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0550] In refrigerant 2C4, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is particularly preferably 23.0 to 27.2% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is particularly preferably 77.0 to 72.8% by mass. In this case, refrigerant 2C4 has various characteristics: its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R1234yf is 98% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R1234yf is 141% or more, it is slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (being Class 2L), its discharge temperature is 64.8°C or less, and its critical temperature is 83.8°C or more. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.390 MPa or more and 0.414 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R1234yf refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0551] In refrigerant 2C4, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is particularly preferably 23.5 to 27.0% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is particularly preferably 76.5 to 73.0% by mass. In this case, refrigerant 2C4 has various properties: its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R1234yf is 98% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R1234yf is 142% or more, it is slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (being Class 2L), its discharge temperature is 64.8°C or less, and its critical temperature is 83.8°C or more. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.390 MPa or more and 0.414 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R1234yf refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0552] In refrigerant 2C4, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is most preferably 24.0 to 26.7% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is most preferably 76.0 to 73.3% by mass. In this case, refrigerant 2C4 has various properties: its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R1234yf is 98% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R1234yf is 144% or more, it is slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (being Class 2L), its discharge temperature is 64.6°C or less, and its critical temperature is 84.0°C or more. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.396 MPa or more and 0.411 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R1234yf refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0553] In refrigerant 2C4, the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of -10°C is usually 0.420 MPa or less, preferably 0.418 MPa or less, more preferably 0.417 MPa or less, still more preferably 0.415 MPa or less, and particularly preferably 0.413 MPa or less. If it is within such a range, refrigerant 2C4 can be applied to commercially available R1234yf refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0554] In refrigerant 2C4, the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of -10°C is usually 0.380 MPa or higher, preferably 0.385 MPa or higher, more preferably 0.390 MPa or higher, still more preferably 0.400 MPa or higher, and particularly preferably 0.410 MPa or higher. In these cases, refrigerant 2C4 can be applied to commercially available R1234yf refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0555] In the present disclosure, when refrigerant 2C4 is used to operate a refrigeration cycle, from the perspective of extending the life of the components of a commercially available R1234yf refrigeration device, the discharge temperature is preferably 65°C or lower, more preferably 64.8°C or lower, still more preferably 64.7°C or lower, and particularly preferably 64.5°C or lower.

[0556] In the present disclosure, from the perspective of obtaining a refrigeration capacity of 140% or more compared to R1234yf, refrigerant 2C4 is preferably used to operate a refrigeration cycle with an evaporation temperature of -75 to 5°C.

[0557] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C4 of the present disclosure is used, from the perspective of obtaining a refrigeration capacity of 140% or more compared to R1234yf, the evaporation temperature is preferably 5°C or lower, more preferably 0°C or lower, still more preferably -5°C or lower, and particularly preferably -10°C or lower.

[0558] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C4 of the present disclosure is used, from the perspective of obtaining a refrigeration capacity of 140% or more compared to R1234yf, the evaporation temperature is preferably -75°C or higher, more preferably -60°C or higher, still more preferably -55°C or higher, and particularly preferably -50°C or higher.

[0559] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C4 of the present disclosure is used, from the perspective of obtaining a refrigeration capacity of 140% or more compared to R1234yf, the evaporation temperature is preferably -65°C or higher and 0°C or lower, more preferably -60°C or higher and -5°C or lower, still more preferably -55°C or higher and -7.5°C or lower, and particularly preferably -50°C or higher and -10°C or lower.

[0560] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C4 of the present disclosure is used, from the viewpoint of extending the life of the members of a commercially available refrigeration device for R1234yf, the discharge temperature is preferably 65.0°C or lower, more preferably 64.9°C or lower, still more preferably 64.8°C or lower, and particularly preferably 64.7°C or lower.

[0561] In the present disclosure, when the refrigerant 2C4 is used to operate the refrigeration cycle, since the refrigeration cycle requires a process of liquefying (condensing) the refrigerant, the critical temperature needs to be significantly higher than the temperature of the cooling water or cooling air for liquefying the refrigerant. From such a viewpoint, in the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C4 of the present disclosure is used, the critical temperature is preferably 83.5°C or higher, more preferably 83.8°C or higher, still more preferably 84.0°C or higher, and particularly preferably 84.5°C or higher.

[0562] The refrigerant 2C4 can further contain other refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf within a range that does not impair the above characteristics. In this case, the content ratio of other refrigerants in the entire refrigerant 2C4 is preferably 0.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.3% by mass or less, still more preferably 0.2% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.1% by mass or less. The other refrigerants are not particularly limited and can be widely selected from known refrigerants widely used in this field. The refrigerant 2C4 may contain other refrigerants alone or may contain two or more other refrigerants.

[0563] It is particularly preferable that the refrigerant 2C4 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In other words, it is particularly preferable that the total concentration of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2C4 is 100% by mass.

[0564] When the refrigerant 2C4 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is usually 21.0 to 28.4% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is usually 79.0 to 71.6% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. By having such a composition, the refrigerant 2C4 has the following characteristics: (1) a sufficiently small GWP (100 or less), (2) having a COP comparable to that of R1234yf, (3) having a refrigerating capacity of 140% or more compared to R1234yf, and (4) being slightly flammable (Class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.380 MPa or more and 0.420 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R1234yf without major design changes.

[0565] When the refrigerant 2C4 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is preferably 21.5 to 28.0% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is preferably 78.5 to 72.0% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C4 has the following characteristics: a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R1234yf of 98% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R1234yf of 140% or more, being slightly flammable (Class 2L according to the ASHRAE standard), a discharge temperature of 65.0°C or less, and a critical temperature of 83.5°C or more. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.383 MPa or more and 0.418 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R1234yf without major design changes.

[0566] When the refrigerant 2C4 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is more preferably 22.0 to 27.7% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is more preferably 78.0 to 72.3% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C4 has various properties: its GWP is 100 or less, its COP relative to R1234yf is 98% or more, its refrigerating capacity relative to R1234yf is 140% or more, it is slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (class 2L), its discharge temperature is 65.0°C or less, and its critical temperature is 83.5°C or more. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.385 MPa or more and 0.417 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available refrigeration devices for R1234yf without major design changes.

[0567] When the refrigerant 2C4 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is even more preferably 22.5 to 27.5% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is even more preferably 77.5 to 72.5% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C4 has various properties: its GWP is 100 or less, its COP relative to R1234yf is 98% or more, its refrigerating capacity relative to R1234yf is 140% or more, it is slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (class 2L), its discharge temperature is 64.8°C or less, and its critical temperature is 83.8°C or more. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.388 MPa or more and 0.414 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available refrigeration devices for R1234yf without major design changes.

[0568] When the refrigerant 2C4 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is particularly preferably 23.0 to 27.2% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is particularly preferably 77.0 to 72.8% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C4 has various properties, such as having a GWP of 100 or less, a COP of 98% or more with respect to R1234yf, a refrigerating capacity of 141% or more with respect to R1234yf, being slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (being Class 2L), having a discharge temperature of 64.8°C or less, and having a critical temperature of 83.8°C or more. Furthermore, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.390 MPa or more and 0.414 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R1234yf refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0569] When the refrigerant 2C4 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is particularly preferably 23.5 to 27.0% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is particularly preferably 76.5 to 73.0% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C4 has various properties, such as having a GWP of 100 or less, a COP of 98% or more with respect to R1234yf, a refrigerating capacity of 142% or more with respect to R1234yf, being slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (being Class 2L), having a discharge temperature of 64.8°C or less, and having a critical temperature of 83.8°C or more. Furthermore, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.390 MPa or more and 0.414 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R1234yf refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0570] When the refrigerant 2C4 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is most preferably 24.0 to 26.7% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is most preferably 76.0 to 73.3% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C4 has various properties: the GWP is 100 or less, the COP with respect to R1234yf is 98% or more, the refrigerating capacity with respect to R1234yf is 144% or more, it is slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (class 2L), the discharge temperature is 64.6°C or less, and the critical temperature is 84.0°C or more. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.396 MPa or more and 0.411 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available refrigeration devices for R1234yf without major design changes.

[0571] (1-6-3-5) Refrigerant 2C5 In one aspect, the refrigerant contained in the composition of the present disclosure contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. The content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 12.1 to 72.0% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 87.9 to 28.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. This refrigerant may be referred to as "refrigerant 2C5".

[0572] In the present disclosure, the refrigerant 2C5 is used in in-vehicle air conditioning equipment.

[0573] By having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant 2C5 has various properties: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less), (2) it has a COP comparable to that of R1234yf, (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 128% or more compared to R1234yf, and (4) the combustion speed is less than 10.0 cm / s.

[0574] In refrigerant 2C5, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 12.1% by mass or more, a boiling point of -40°C or lower, which is advantageous when using a heat pump for heating in an electric vehicle, can be ensured. Note that a boiling point of -40°C or lower means that the saturation pressure is equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure at -40°C, and in the above application, the lower the boiling point is below -40°C, the better. Also, in refrigerant 2C5, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 72.0% by mass or less, a combustion speed of less than 10.0 cm / s, which contributes to safety when used in in-vehicle air conditioning equipment, can be ensured.

[0575] In refrigerant 2C5, the refrigerating capacity relative to R1234yf should be 128% or more, preferably 130% or more, more preferably 140% or more, still more preferably 150% or more, and particularly preferably 160% or more.

[0576] Since the GWP of refrigerant 2C5 is 5 or more and 100 or less, the environmental load can be significantly reduced compared to other general refrigerants from the perspective of global warming.

[0577] In refrigerant 2C5, from the perspective of energy consumption efficiency, the ratio of the power consumed in the refrigeration cycle to the refrigerating capacity (coefficient of performance (COP)) relative to R1234yf should be 100% or more.

[0578] By using refrigerant 2C5 in in-vehicle air conditioning equipment, there is an advantage that heating by a heat pump with less power consumption compared to an electric heater becomes possible.

[0579] In refrigerant 2C5, it is preferable that the air conditioning equipment is for gasoline vehicles, hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, or hydrogen vehicles. Among these, from the perspective of improving the driving range of the vehicle while heating the vehicle interior by a heat pump, in refrigerant 2C5, it is particularly preferable that the air conditioning equipment is for electric vehicles. That is, in the present disclosure, it is particularly preferable to use refrigerant 2C5 in electric vehicles.

[0580] In the present disclosure, refrigerant 2C5 is used in in-vehicle air conditioning equipment. In the present disclosure, it is preferable that refrigerant 2C5 is used in the air conditioning equipment of gasoline vehicles, hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, or hydrogen vehicles. In the present disclosure, it is particularly preferable that refrigerant 2C5 is used in the air conditioning equipment of electric vehicles.

[0581] In the present disclosure, when heating the vehicle interior by a heat pump, a pressure of atmospheric pressure or more at -40°C is required. Therefore, the boiling point of refrigerant 2C5 is preferably -51.2 to -40.0°C, more preferably -50.0 to -42.0°C, and still more preferably -48.0 to -44.0°C.

[0582] In refrigerant 2C5, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the conten...

Claims

1. A refrigerant cycle having a compressor, a radiator, a decompression unit, and an absorber, A showcase incorporating the compressor, the radiator, the decompression unit, and the absorber, A refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit and containing HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, Comprising, The refrigerant contains 99.5 mass% or more of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in the sum of their concentrations, Based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, The content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 40.5 to 49.2 mass%, The content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 59.5 to 50.8 mass%, A refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration.

2. The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.

3. The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the evaporation temperature is -75 to -5 °C.

4. A refrigerant cycle having a compressor, a radiator, a decompression unit, and an absorber, A showcase incorporating the compressor, the radiator, the decompression unit, and the absorber, A refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit and containing HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, Comprising, The refrigerant contains 99.5 mass% or more of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in the sum of their concentrations, Based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, The content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 31.1 to 39.8 mass%, The content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 68.9 to 60.2 mass%, A refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration.

5. Based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, The content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 31.1 to 37.9 mass%, The content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 68.9 to 62.1 mass%, The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration according to claim 4.

6. The refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration according to claim 4 or 5.

7. The evaporation temperature is -75 to -5 °C, The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration according to claim 4 or 5.

8. A refrigerant cycle having a compressor, a radiator, a decompression unit, and an absorber, A showcase incorporating the compressor, the radiator, the decompression unit, and the heat absorber; A refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant containing HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf; comprising: wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in a total concentration of 99.5 mass% or more; with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 21.0 to 28.4 mass%; the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 79.0 to 71.6 mass%; a refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration.

9. wherein the refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf; The refrigerant cycle device for refrigeration or refrigeration according to Claim 8.

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