Flag support device
The flag support device addresses structural weaknesses by allowing the support bar to pivot and rotate freely, reducing wind-induced damage and simplifying handling, while maintaining structural integrity.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- JP2024003201
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-07-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing flag support devices are prone to damage from strong winds, require complex assembly and disassembly, and have structural weaknesses that concentrate loads on support shafts and columns, leading to potential breakage.
A flag support device with a horizontally rotatable support bar that can pivot between a protruding and folded state, featuring a split groove mechanism and engaging portions to prevent excessive loads from damaging the structure during strong winds, allowing free rotation when necessary.
The device maintains handleability and reduces the risk of damage from strong winds while simplifying assembly and disassembly, dispersing loads to protect the support bar and column from breakage.
Smart Images

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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a flag support device. More specifically, a horizontal support bar for supporting the upper edge of a flag is pivotally attached to a mounting member fixed to the upper end of a support column for the flag so as to be rotatable within an angular range between a protruding state in which it protrudes forward at a substantially right angle to the support column and a folded state along the support column. The present invention relates to a flag support device that is excellent in handling during use and non-use and is less likely to be damaged even when the flag is flapped by strong winds.
Background Art
[0002] In a conventionally generally used flag support device, when in use, many loop pieces (generally called chichi) attached to one vertical side edge and the upper edge of the flag must be inserted through a support column and a horizontal support bar and attached to the support column and the horizontal support bar. Also, when the flag is not needed, such as during transportation or storage of the flag support device, the loop pieces must be removed from the horizontal support bar or the support column. In either case, there has been a problem of requiring troublesome and time-consuming work.
[0003] In view of such problems, a flag support device according to Patent Document 1 is provided. In the flag support device, a support body portion that supports a horizontal support bar with respect to a mounting body provided at the upper end of a support column is rotatably connected by a support shaft existing on the axis of the support column. The horizontal support bar is configured to be lockable at a position forming at least a substantially right angle to the support column and is configured to be able to assume a folded state folded along the support column.
[0004] Since the horizontal support bar is locked at a position forming a substantially right angle with respect to the support column in this way, as described in paragraphs 0037 and 0038 of Patent Document 1, the horizontal support bar is stably held in a direction substantially perpendicular to the support column, and the flag is attached to the support column and the horizontal support bar as required. Also, when the flag support device is not in use, the locked state is released, the horizontal support bar is folded to a position along the support column, and the flag is also folded, and the flag is wound around the support column, so that the bulk can be reduced and the handling of the flag support device can be facilitated. And when using it next time, the flag can be unwound, the horizontal support bar can be rotated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the support column, and it can be locked with a lock pin in the same manner as above, and the assembly operation at the time of reuse can be easily performed.
[0005] However, in the flag support device according to Patent Document 1, since the horizontal support bar is locked in a state presenting a substantially right angle with respect to the support column, when the flag is blown by strong wind, there is a risk that a load is concentrated on the support shaft and the support shaft is damaged.
[0006] Also, when the flag is blown by strong wind, the loop piece provided on the flag moves along the support column and the flag is rolled up, and the wind strongly hits the rolled-up part of the flag. As a result, an excessive load is applied to the support column at this part, and there is also a risk that the support column breaks.
[0007] Patent Document 2 shows another embodiment of the flag support device in which the horizontal support bar is configured to be rotatable. This flag support device has been proposed to further improve the workability when attaching the loop piece to the horizontal support bar in the flag support device according to Patent Document 1. A rotating body that supports the horizontal support bar is rotatably connected to a rotating body mounting member provided at the upper end of the support column by a support shaft existing on the axis of the support column. The rotating body has a first claw portion, a second claw portion, and a horizontal rod holding portion. When using this flag support device, by rotating the rotating body until the first claw portion is stopped by the first stopping portion, the horizontal support bar can be held in a direction substantially perpendicular to the support column (horizontal state when the support column is standing upright). Also, when attaching the loop-shaped attachment piece to the horizontal support bar during the assembly of the flag support device, the horizontal support bar is rotated upward to a rising state that is substantially in a straight line with the support column. In this rising state, the second claw portion and the second stopping portion are engaged to prevent (lock) further rotation of the horizontal support bar.
[0008] By attaching the loop-shaped attachment piece to the horizontal support bar, the flag is attached to the support column and the horizontal support bar as required. However, when an upward load acts on the horizontal support bar in the horizontal state during strong winds, the horizontal support bar rotates upward to exhibit the rising state, and further rotation is prevented (locked).
[0009] When the flag is flapped by strong winds in this state, the loop-shaped attachment piece provided on the flag moves along the support column, causing the flag to roll up and wrap around the upper part of the support column or the horizontal support bar.
[0010] As a result, there is a risk that the load will be concentrated on the support shaft and damage the support shaft, and there is also a risk that the locking portion will be damaged and the normal locking function will not be exerted. In addition, due to strong winds, there is a risk that the wind will strongly hit the rolled-up part or the wrapped part of the flag, damaging the support shaft, and there is also a risk that an excessive load will be applied to the horizontal support bar and break it, and in severe cases, there is also a risk that the support column will break. In addition, when the flag is in such a wrapped state, it is very difficult to eliminate the wrapping.
[0011] Also, as described above, in the flag support device according to Patent Documents 1 and 2, when the flag is fanned by strong winds, there is a risk that the load will be concentrated on the support shaft and damage the support shaft. Therefore, the rotating part must be configured to be thick and robust, which also causes a problem of complicating the structure of the flag support device.
Prior Art Documents
Patent Documents
[0012]
Patent Document 1
Patent Document 2
Summary of the Invention
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
[0013] The present invention has been developed in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a flag support device that is excellent in handleability during use and non-use, is not easily damaged even when the flag is fanned by strong winds, and can be configured with a simple structure.
Means for Solving the Problems
[0014] To solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means. That is, a first aspect of the flag support device according to the present invention is a flag support device that is not easily damaged even when the flag is blown by strong wind. A mounting member fixed to the upper end of a column that supports the flag has a base end portion of a horizontal support bar that supports the upper edge portion of the flag pivotally attached thereto, and the horizontal support bar is made rotatable in the forward and reverse directions. The horizontal support bar can rotate upward in the forward direction from a protruding state in which it protrudes forward at a substantially right angle to the axis of the column to a folded state along the column, and the rotation is performed in a free state without being locked in the middle. And when the horizontal support bar is in the protruding state, it cannot rotate downward, and is held by holding means on the mounting member so that it cannot rotate upward until a load equal to or greater than a certain value acts upward due to the action of wind pressure by strong wind. When a load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar, the holding is released, and the horizontal support bar can rotate in the forward direction in the free state. Here, the load equal to or greater than the certain value is a load that acts upward on the horizontal support bar under strong wind with a wind speed of 10 to 15 m / s in a state where the flag is blown and rolled up by the action of the wind pressure and the flag is wound around the horizontal support bar.
[0015] A second aspect of the flag support device according to the present invention is, in the first aspect, that the holding means is configured to have standing wall portions erected oppositely left and right on the upper part of the mounting member, and a split groove portion extending in the front-rear direction is formed between the standing wall portions. The pivotal attachment is configured on the rear side of the split groove portion, and the base end side portion of the horizontal support bar can enter and exit the split groove portion as the horizontal support bar rotates. And in the protruding state, the base end side portion is fitted into the split groove portion and its lower surface portion abuts against the groove bottom portion of the split groove portion so that the horizontal support bar cannot rotate downward, and when a load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar, the holding is released and the base end side portion escapes from the split groove portion, and the horizontal support bar can rotate in the forward direction in the free state.
[0016] A third aspect of the flag support device according to the present invention is, in the second aspect, that the holding means includes a first engaging portion provided at the proximal end side portion of the horizontal support bar, and a second engaging portion provided in the split groove portion and capable of engaging with the first engaging portion. With the proximal end side portion being fitted into the split groove portion as the horizontal support bar rotates in the reverse direction, the first and second engaging portions engage with each other, so that the proximal end side portion is held so as not to escape from the split groove portion until a load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar. When a load equal to or greater than a certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar, the first and second engaging portions are disengaged and the holding is released, and the horizontal support bar is made rotatable in the forward direction in a free state.
[0017] A fourth aspect of the flag support device according to the present invention is, in the second aspect, that the holding means includes a first engaging portion provided at the proximal end side portion of the horizontal support bar, and a second engaging portion provided in the split groove portion and capable of engaging with the first engaging portion. The first engaging portion is configured as the upper edge portions of the opposing both side faces of the proximal end side portion, and the second engaging portion is configured as a protruding portion that protrudes inward of the split groove portion at the upper edge portions of both the standing wall portions, covers the upper edge portion from above, and is elastically pressed against the upper edge portion. With the proximal end side portion being fitted into the split groove portion as the horizontal support bar rotates in the reverse direction, the first and second engaging portions engage with each other, so that the proximal end side portion is held so as not to escape from the split groove portion until a load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar, and when a load equal to or greater than a certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar, the first and second engaging portions are disengaged and the holding is released, and the horizontal support bar is made rotatable in the forward direction in a free state.
[0018] A fifth aspect of the flag support device according to the present invention is that a base end portion of a horizontal support bar that supports the upper edge portion of the flag is pivotally attached to a mounting member fixed to the upper end portion of a support column that supports the flag, and the horizontal support bar can be rotated in a forward direction and a reverse direction. The horizontal support bar can be rotated upward in the forward direction from a protruding state in which it protrudes forward at a substantially right angle to the axis of the support column to a folded state along the support column, and the rotation is performed in a free state without being locked in the middle. The horizontal support bar is held by holding means on the mounting member so that it cannot be rotated downward in the protruding state and cannot be rotated upward until a load equal to or greater than a certain value acts thereon. When a load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar, the holding is released, and the horizontal support bar can be rotated in the forward direction in the free state. The holding means is configured to have standing wall portions that stand upright opposite to each other on the upper portion of the mounting member, and a split groove portion that extends in the front-rear direction is formed between the standing wall portions. The pivotal attachment is configured on the rear side of the split groove portion, and with the rotation, a base end side portion of the horizontal support bar can enter and exit the split groove portion. In the protruding state, the base end side portion is fitted into the split groove portion, and its lower surface portion abuts against the groove bottom portion of the split groove portion so that the horizontal support bar cannot be rotated downward. When a load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar, the holding is released, the base end side portion escapes from the split groove portion, and the horizontal support bar can be rotated in the forward direction in the free state. Further, the holding means includes a first engaging portion provided on the base end side portion of the horizontal support bar and a second engaging portion provided in the split groove portion and capable of engaging with the first engaging portion in a pressure contact state. The first engaging portion is configured as opposing both side surface portions of the base end side portion, and the second engaging portion is configured as opposing both inner side surface portions of the split groove portion that generate a required frictional force with the first engaging portion.As the proximal end portion is inserted into the split groove portion as the transverse support bar rotates in the reverse direction, the first and second engaging portions engage in a pressure contact state, so that the proximal end portion is held by the frictional action between the both side surface portions and the both inner side surface portions, and until a load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the transverse support bar, the proximal end portion is held so as not to escape from the split groove portion. When an external force equal to or greater than a certain value acts upward on the transverse support bar, the first and second engaging portions are disengaged and the holding is released, and the transverse support bar is configured to be rotatable in the forward direction in the free state.
[0019] A sixth aspect of the flag support device according to the present invention is, in the second aspect, that a pivot support hole is provided at the proximal end portion of the transverse support bar, and a bearing hole is provided in a bearing piece portion that protrudes outward from the outer surface of the support column on the rear end side of the attachment member. By inserting a pivot shaft through the pivot support hole and the bearing hole, the transverse support bar that supports the upper edge portion of the flag is pivotally attached so as to be rotatable within an angular range between a protruding state substantially perpendicular to the axis of the support column and a folded state along the support column. A first fitting recess is provided at the bottom of the groove, and a first fitting protrusion capable of presenting a close fitting state with the first fitting recess is provided on the lower surface portion of the proximal end side portion. Alternatively, a second fitting protrusion is provided at the bottom of the groove, and a second fitting recess capable of presenting a close fitting state with the second fitting protrusion is provided on the lower surface portion of the proximal end side portion. Then, as the proximal end side portion is inserted into the split groove portion so that the transverse support bar presents the protruding state, the first fitting recess and the first fitting protrusion present a close fitting state, or the second fitting recess and the second fitting protrusion present a close fitting state, whereby the bearing hole and the pivot support hole are aligned.
[0020] The seventh aspect of the flag support device according to the present invention is that the base end of a horizontal support bar that supports the upper edge of the flag is pivotally attached to a mounting member fixed to the upper end of a support column for supporting the flag, and the horizontal support bar can be rotated in the forward and reverse directions. The horizontal support bar can be rotated upward in the forward direction from a protruding state in which it protrudes forward at a substantially right angle to the axis of the support column to a folded state along the support column, and the rotation is performed freely without being locked in the middle. The horizontal support bar is held by holding means on the mounting member so that it cannot be rotated downward in the protruding state and cannot be rotated upward until a load equal to or greater than a certain value acts. When a load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar, the holding is released, and the horizontal support bar can be rotated in the forward direction in the free state. The holding means is configured to have standing wall portions erected oppositely left and right on the upper part of the mounting member, a split groove portion extending in the front-rear direction is formed between the standing wall portions, the pivotal attachment is configured on the rear side of the split groove portion, and the base end side portion of the horizontal support bar can enter and exit the split groove portion as the horizontal support bar rotates. In the protruding state, the base end side portion is fitted into the split groove portion, and its lower surface portion abuts against the groove bottom of the split groove portion so that the horizontal support bar cannot be rotated downward. When a load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar, the holding is released, the base end side portion escapes from the split groove portion, and the horizontal support bar can be rotated in the forward direction in the free state. Further, a pivot hole is provided at the base end portion of the horizontal support bar, and a bearing hole is provided in a bearing piece portion that protrudes outward from the outer surface of the support column on the rear end side of the mounting member. By inserting a pivot shaft through the pivot hole and the bearing hole, the horizontal support bar that supports the upper edge of the flag is pivotally attached so as to be rotatable within an angular range between a protruding state in which it forms a substantially right angle to the axis of the support column and a folded state along the support column. And a first fitting uneven portion is provided at the groove bottom, and a second fitting uneven portion that can exhibit a fitting state in close contact with the first fitting uneven portion is provided on the lower surface portion of the base end side portion. The Horizontal support barThe base end side portion is inserted into the split groove portion so as to exhibit the protruding state, and the first fitting uneven portion and the second fitting uneven portion exhibit a close fitting state, whereby the bearing hole and the pivot support hole are aligned. This is the gist of the invention.
[0021] The eighth aspect of the flag support device according to the present invention is that in any of the aspects 1 to 7, when the column is viewed in the vertical state, the horizontal support bar can be in a substantially horizontal state with the weight of the flag acting on the horizontal support bar. The protruding state of the horizontal support bar is characterized in that it inclines upward within an angular range of 2 to 3.5 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.
Advantages of the Invention
[0022] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a flag support device that is excellent in handleability during use and non-use, is less likely to be damaged even when the flag is flapped by the wind, and can be configured with a simple structure.
Brief Description of the Drawings
[0023]
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Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
Example
[0024] In FIGS. 1 to 3, the flag support device 1 according to the present invention is attached to a mounting member 7 fixed to the upper end 6 of a support column 5 that supports the vertical side edge portion 3 of the flag 2 via a side loop piece 4. The base end portion 12 of a horizontal support bar 11 that supports the upper edge portion 9 of the flag 2 via an upper loop piece 10 is pivotally attached. The horizontal support bar 11 can be rotated in the forward direction F1 and the reverse direction F2. The horizontal support bar 11 can rotate upward in the forward direction F1 from a protruding state A in which it protrudes forward at a substantially right angle to the axis L1 of the support column 5 to a folded state B (FIG. 2) along the support column 5. The rotation is configured to be performed freely without being locked in the middle. When the horizontal support bar 11 is in the protruding state A, it cannot rotate downward and cannot rotate upward until a load equal to or greater than a certain value acts on it. The horizontal support bar 11 is held by holding means 14 in the mounting member 7. When a load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar 11, the holding is released, and the horizontal support bar 11 can rotate freely in the forward direction F1. Hereinafter, this will be specifically described.
[0025] As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the holding means 14 is configured to have standing wall portions 16, 16 that stand upright opposite to each other on the upper portion 15 of the mounting member 7. A split groove portion 17 (FIGS. 3 to 4) extending in the front-rear direction F3 is formed between the standing wall portions 16, 16. The pivotal attachment 13 is configured on the rear side of the split groove portion 17 as shown in FIGS. 2 to 3 and FIG. 7. As the rotation occurs, the base end side portion 19 of the horizontal support bar 11 can enter and exit the split groove portion 17. When the horizontal support bar 11 is in the protruding state A, the base end side portion 19 is fitted into the split groove portion 17. As shown in FIG. 4, its lower surface portion 20 abuts against the groove bottom portion 21 of the split groove portion 17, and the horizontal support bar 11 is made unable to rotate downward. When a load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar 11, the holding is released, and the base end side portion 19 escapes from the split groove portion 17 and is configured to rotate freely in the forward direction F1 as shown by the one-dot chain line, two-dot chain line, and solid line in FIG. 7.
[0026] As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the mounting member 7 has an insertion shaft portion 26 inserted into a portion 25 on the upper end side of the support column 5 on the lower surface portion 23 (FIG. 6) of the disc-shaped substrate portion 22, and the axis L2 of the insertion shaft portion 26 projects concentrically with the axis L3 of the disc-shaped substrate portion 22. Similar to that in the conventional flag support device, the insertion shaft portion 26 is loosely inserted into a C-shaped holding cylinder 29 that is elastically pressed against the inner peripheral surface 27 (FIG. 6) of the upper end side portion 25 of the support column 5. Then, by inserting the insertion shaft portion 26 into the upper end side portion 25 of the support column 5 via the holding cylinder 29, the insertion shaft portion 26 can rotate around the axis L1 of the support column 5 via the holding cylinder 29 (FIG. 6).
[0027] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the split groove portion 17 constituting the holding means 14 is formed between the standing wall portions 16, 16 standing upright opposite to each other on the upper portion (the disc-shaped substrate portion 22 in this embodiment) 15 of the mounting member 7, and extends in the front-rear direction F3 (FIGS. 3 and 6).
[0028] Then, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 3 and 9, bearing piece portions 32, 32 projecting rearward of the disc-shaped substrate portion 22 project oppositely to each other at the rear ends of the standing wall portions 16, 16, and bearing holes 35, 35 for inserting a pivot shaft 33 constituting the pivot structure portion (hereinafter referred to as the pivot structure portion) of the pivot 13 are provided oppositely at the rear end portions of the bearing piece portions 32, 32. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 3, the upper end front edge portions 36 of the standing wall portions 16, 16 and the upper end rear edge portions 37, 37 of the bearing piece portions 32, 32 are both formed as arc-shaped convex surfaces, and the lower edge portions 38, 38 of the bearing piece portions 32, 32 are formed as four-segment arc-shaped convex surfaces.
[0029] In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 3 and FIG. 6, the horizontal support bar 11 is configured by inserting and fixing the rear end portion 40 of a horizontally long bar-shaped horizontal support bar body 39 made of glass fiber having a vertically long rectangular cross section into an insertion hole portion 42 with a bottom of a rotation cylinder body 41 having a horizontally long cylindrical shape. As shown in FIG. 1, a conventionally known retaining portion 45 for preventing the portion 10a located on the tip side of the horizontal support bar 11 inside the upper loop piece 10 from coming off is provided at the tip portion of the support bar body 39.
[0030] As shown in FIGS. 2 to 3 and FIG. 6, the rotation cylinder body 41 is configured as a horizontally long flat cylindrical body with a thin thickness in the left-right direction, having front and rear end portions 46 and 47 in a semi-circular arc shape. The front end 49 (FIGS. 3 and 6) is open, and it has the insertion hole portion 42 with a bottom for inserting the rear end portion 40. A pivot support hole 51 for inserting the pivot shaft 33 is provided through the rear end portion 50 (the base end portion 12 of the horizontal support bar 11) in the left-right direction.
[0031] FIGS. 2 and 6 show a state in which the pivot shaft 33 is inserted through the bearing holes 35, 35 (FIG. 2) of the bearing piece portions 32, 32 and the pivot support hole 51 (FIG. 6) of the rotation cylinder body 41, and the rotation cylinder body 41 is pivotally attached 13 so as to be rotatable in a vertical plane. Thus, the horizontal support bar 11, in which the base end portion 12 is pivotally attached 13 (FIG. 2) to the attachment member 7, is rotatable within an angular range between the protruding state A (FIGS. 2 and 6) that forms a substantially right angle (substantially horizontal) with respect to the support column 5 and the folded state B (FIGS. 2 and 8) along the support column 5. This rotation is in a free state without being locked in the middle, and the horizontal support bar 11 is performed through the standing state C (the state shown by the dashed-dotted line in FIG. 2).
[0032] In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 3, with the base end side portion 19 fitted into the split groove portion 17, the upper surface 52 of the base end side portion 19 (the upper surface of the rotation cylinder body 41) is substantially flush with the series of upper ends 53 of the standing wall portions 16, 16 and the bearing piece portions 32.
[0033] The horizontal support bar 11 is in a protruding state (horizontal protruding state) A that forms a substantially right angle with the support column 5. However, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, when viewed with the support column 5 standing vertically, it is inclined upward at an angle θ of 2 to 3.5 degrees, for example 3 degrees, with respect to the horizontal line 54 as shown in FIG. 2. The reason for inclining it upward like this is that when the self-weight of the flag 2 acts on the horizontal support bar in a state where the horizontal support bar 11 supports the upper edge portion 9 of the flag 2 via the upper loop piece 10 as shown in FIG. 1, the upper edge portion 9 of the flag 2 can be kept in a substantially horizontal state, thus improving the appearance of the flag 2.
[0034] In order to make the horizontal support bar 11 inclined upward by 3 degrees as described above, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 7 and FIG. 10, an inclined surface protruding portion 56 is provided on the lower surface portion 55 of the rotating cylinder body 41 via a step 57, and the inclined lower surface 59 of the inclined surface protruding portion 56 is configured to abut against the groove bottom portion 21 of the split groove portion 17.
[0035] Also, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4, 6, and 10, a first fitting concave portion 60 is provided in the groove bottom portion 21, and a first fitting convex portion 61 that can be engaged with the first fitting concave portion 60 in a closely fitting state is provided on the inclined lower surface (inclined 3 degrees with respect to the lower surface portion 55 of the rotating cylinder body 41) 59 of the inclined surface protruding portion 56. In a state where the rotating cylinder body 41 is fitted into the split groove portion 17, as shown in FIG. 6, the first fitting convex portion 61 and the first fitting concave portion 60 are fitted together, and as shown in FIGS. 9, 2, and 6, the bearing holes 35, 35 (FIG. 2) and the pivot stop hole 51 (FIG. 6) are configured to be aligned in this fitting state. As a result, when pivotally attaching 13 the rotating cylinder body 41 to be rotatable as described above, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, as long as the fitting convex portion 61 and the fitting concave portion 60 are fitted together, as shown in FIG. 9, the bearing holes 35, 35 and the pivot support holes 51 will naturally align. Therefore, the operation of inserting the pivot shaft 33 into the bearing holes 35, 35 and the pivot support holes 51 to form the pivot attachment structure portion can be performed easily and reliably.
[0036] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the holding means 14 includes a first engaging portion 62 provided at the proximal end side portion 19 of the horizontal support bar 11, and a second engaging portion 63 provided in the split groove portion 17 and engageable with the first engaging portion 62 in a contacting state.
[0037] The first engaging portion 62 is configured as the upper edge portions 66, 66 of both side faces 65, 65 of the proximal end side portion 19, and the second engaging portion 63 is provided at the upper edge portions of the both-standing wall portions 16, 16 and projects inwardly of the split groove portion 17 so as to cover the upper edge portions 66, 66 from above and be elastically pressed (elastically engaged) against the upper edge portions 66, 66. The upper edge portions 66, 66 are configured as inclined surfaces 70, 70 of a corner, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, and the inner side surfaces 71, 71 of the protruding portions 69, 69 are configured to be engageable with the inclined surfaces 70, 70 in a contacting state, for example, as shown in FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 4(B), both of the inclined surfaces 70, 70 are inclined inwardly from the lower end 70a toward the upper end 70b. Also, as shown in FIG. 4(B), the inner side surfaces 71, 71 are inclined inwardly of the split groove portion 17 from the lower end 71a toward the upper end 71b.
[0038] In the protruding state A in which the horizontal support bar 11 protrudes forward at a substantially right angle to the column 5, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, the proximal end side portion 19 is in a state of being fitted into the split groove portion 17. As shown in FIG. 5, this fitting is Horizontal support barThis is performed by causing elastic expansion of the split groove portion 17 when the proximal end side portion 19 of the 11 is rotated in the reverse direction F2 (FIG. 7). That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the horizontal support bar 11 is rotated in the reverse direction F2 with the pivot 33 as the center of rotation. This rotation is performed when the tips 69a, 69a (FIG. 5) of the opposing protrusions 69, 69 abut on both side surfaces 65, 65 of the proximal end side portion 19 of the horizontal support bar 11. Therefore, the rotation in the reverse direction F2 causes elastic expansion of the split groove portion 17 as shown in FIG. 5. And finally, when the split groove portion 17 elastically returns, as shown in FIG. 4(A), the first and second engaging portions 62, 63 engage in a contacting state, and the Horizontal support bar 11 is kept in a non-rotatable state until an upward load equal to or greater than a certain level (i.e., a load sufficient to elastically expand the split groove portion 17) acts. In other words, the horizontal support bar 11 is held by the holding means 14.
[0039] In this embodiment, the proximal end side portion 19 is in a state where the proximal end side portion 19 is elastically sandwiched by the opposing wall portions 16, 16 and is fitted into the split groove portion 17 in a close state. And in the fitted state, the lower surface portion (in this embodiment, the inclined lower surface 59 of the inclined surface protrusion 56 shown in FIGS. 7 and 10) 20 of the proximal end side portion 19 abuts on the groove bottom portion (in this embodiment, the peripheral portion around the upper end of the fitting recess 60) 21 (FIGS. 4, 7, 10) of the split groove portion 17. In the fitted state, the proximal end side portion 19 is held by the holding means 14. As a result, the horizontal support bar 11 cannot rotate downward.
[0040] Also, according to the present invention in this way, when the flag is fanned by strong wind, the load acting on the horizontal support bar 11 can be dispersed to the two points of the pivot 33 and the groove bottom portion 21 as described above, and the horizontal support bar 11 can rotate freely in the forward direction F1 and protect the horizontal support bar 11 and the support column 5 as described later. Therefore, the flag support device 1 according to the present invention can be configured with a simple structure.
[0041] As described above, when a load equal to or greater than the specified value acts upward on the horizontal support bar 11 held by the holding means 14 in this manner, the holding is released. There are the following two modes for releasing the holding.
[0042] The first mode is a case where, when the flag support device 1 is not in use, the horizontal support bar 11 is grasped by hand and rotated upward in the positive direction F1 from the protruding state A as shown in FIG. 2 to release the holding. Even after releasing the holding in this way, by continuing to rotate the horizontal support bar 11 in the positive direction F1, the horizontal support bar 11 passes through the standing state C shown in FIG. 2 and assumes the compact folded state B (shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 2) along the support column 5. If the flag 2 is later wound around the support column 5 in the folded state B in this way, the bulk of the flag support device 1 can be reduced, making its storage and transportation easier. On the other hand, when using the flag support device 1, the flag 2 is rewound, the horizontal support bar 11 is rotated upward in the reverse direction F2, and the proximal end portion 19 is inserted into the split groove portion 17.
[0043] The state of being inserted in this way is held by the holding means 4 when the first and second engaging portions 62 and 63 elastically engage. During use, the flag support device 1 can be easily and quickly assembled into a usable state simply by rotating it in this way.
[0044] The second aspect is the case where when the flag 2 is flapped by a strong wind with a wind speed of about 10 to 15 m / s, for example, a load equal to or greater than a certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar 11. For example, when the side loop piece 4 (FIG. 1) provided on the flag 2 moves upward along the support column 5 and the flag 2 is rolled up, and the flag 2 is in a state of being wound around the upper part of the support column 5 or the horizontal support bar 11, and the wind strongly hits the rolled-up part upward, and a load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar 11. If the rotation of the horizontal support bar 11 continues due to the action of the strong wind even after the holding is released in this way, as described above, since the rotation is performed in the forward direction in the free state without being locked in the middle, the horizontal support bar 11 can change from the standing state C to the folded state B along the support column 4.
[0045] Next, the procedure for attaching the flag 2 to the flag support device 1 will be described. One method is, first, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 2, to set the horizontal support bar 11 in the protruding state A that protrudes forward at a substantially right angle to the support column 5. In the protruding state A, the base end side portion 19 of the horizontal support bar 11 is, as described above, supported by the pivot 33 and supported from below by the groove bottom 21. And in this protruding state, the base end side portion 19 is held by the holding means 14, and the horizontal support bar 11 maintains this holding state as long as a load equal to or greater than a certain value does not act upward on it.
[0046] With the horizontal support bar 11 protruding in this way, the side loop piece 4 and the upper loop piece 10 attached to the vertical side edge portion 3 (FIG. 1) and the upper edge portion 9 (FIG. 1) of the flag 2 are inserted through the horizontal support bar 11 and the support column 5 from the tip of the horizontal support bar 11 in order starting from the one located at the lower end of the vertical side edge portion 3, thereby attaching them. Then, the upper loop piece 10a located on the tip side of the horizontal support bar 11 is fixed to the retaining portion 45.
[0047] In this embodiment, the attachment of the side loop piece 4 and the upper loop piece 10 to the horizontal support bar 11 and the support column 5 can be carried out relatively smoothly with fewer catches. The reason is that in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 3, in a state where the rotating cylinder body 41 forming the proximal end side portion 19 is closely fitted into the split groove portion 17, a series of upper ends 53 of the standing wall portion 16 and the bearing piece portion 32 are formed substantially flush, and front and rear end portions 46, 47 of the rotating cylinder body 41 are formed to have a semi-circular arc shape. Also, since upper end rear edge portions 37, 37 of the bearing piece portions 32, 32 are formed as arcuate convex surfaces, the side loop piece 4 attached to the support column 5 can pass through the connection portion 73 between the horizontal support bar 11 and the support column 5 so as not to be caught thereon and can move to the support column 5 side.
[0048] Another method of attaching the flag 2 to the flag support device 1 is to extend the horizontal support bar 11 upward along the support column 5 as shown in FIG. 2 to the standing state C, and to make the support column 5 and the horizontal support bar 11 in a straight line state. In this state, all of the side loop piece 4 and the upper loop piece 10 are sequentially inserted into the side loop piece 4 and the upper loop piece 10 through the upper end of the horizontal support bar 11, the horizontal support bar 11 and the support column 5 to attach them to the support column 5 and the horizontal support bar 9.
[0049] When removing the flag 2 from the flag support device 1, for example, when replacing the flag 2, the upper loop piece 10 and the side loop piece 4 are removed from the support column 5 and the horizontal support bar 11 by an operation reverse to the above. At this time, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 3, since lower edge portions 38, 38 of the bearing piece portions 32, 32 are formed as four-segment arcuate convex surfaces, the side loop piece 4 can pass through the connection portion 73 between the horizontal support bar 11 and the support column 5 so as not to be caught thereon and can move to the horizontal support bar 11 side.
[0050] Figure 1 shows the usage state of the flag support device 1 with the flag 2 attached in this manner. When in this usage state, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the horizontal support bar 11 is in a two-point support state supported by the pivot 33 and supported from below by the groove bottom 21. Therefore, when the flag 2 is fanned by strong wind, the load acting downward on the horizontal support bar 11 is dispersed to the two points of the pivot 33 and the groove bottom 21. Accordingly, there is no risk of the load being concentrated on the pivot 33 and damaging the pivoting structure as in Patent Documents 1 and 2.
[0051] Further, when the wind speed is in a strong wind state of, for example, about 10 to 15 m / s in the usage state, there may be a case where the load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar 11 and the holding by the holding means 14 is released. In the state where the holding is released in this way, when the horizontal support bar 11 rotates greatly upward, as described above, since the horizontal support bar 11 supporting the upper edge portion 9 of the flag 2 can rotate freely toward the folded state B (FIG. 2) along the support column 5, the horizontal support bar 11 and the pivoting structure can be protected from the wind pressure.
[0052] This will be described in comparison with the case of Patent Document 2. As described above, in the case of Patent Document 2, when the horizontal support bar rotates upward to the rising state and the second claw portion and the second restraining portion engage with each other, further rotation is restrained (locked). Therefore, when the flag fanned by strong wind rolls up and is in a state of being wound around the upper part of the column or the horizontal support bar, the wind strongly hits the wound part upward. As a result, an excessive load is applied to this part, and there is a risk that the horizontal support bar may break, or the pivot structure part of the horizontal support bar may be damaged. On the other hand, according to the present invention, since the rotation of the horizontal support bar 11 is performed in the free state without being locked in the middle, even if the flag 2 fanned by strong wind and rolled up is in a state of being wound around the horizontal support bar 11, the horizontal support bar 11 can rotate to a state presenting the folded state B along the column 5 after passing through the standing state C. Therefore, according to the present invention, the load applied to the horizontal support bar 11 can be reduced, the horizontal support bar 11 and its pivot structure part can be protected from wind pressure, and the column 5 can be protected. As a result, there is no risk of causing a situation where the horizontal support bar 11 breaks or the column 5 breaks.
Embodiment
[0053] The present invention is by no means limited to what is shown in the above embodiment, and it goes without saying that various design changes are possible within the scope of the claims. An example is as follows.
[0054] (1) The holding means 14 is not limited to what is shown in the above embodiment as long as "when the horizontal support bar 11 is in the protruding state A, the horizontal support bar 11 cannot rotate downward and cannot rotate upward until a certain load or more acts upward", and "when a certain load or more acts upward on the horizontal support bar 11, the holding is released and the horizontal support bar 11 is rotated in the positive direction to the free state".
[0055] For example, while one of the vertical wall portions 16 can be omitted, a basic configuration in which the split groove portion 17 is extended in the vertical direction can be adopted. While providing the insertion shaft portion 26 at the lower end of the rotating cylinder body 41 fitted into the split groove portion, a configuration can also be adopted in which a member corresponding to the insertion shaft portion 26 is changed to the horizontal support bar 11. When designing and changing in this way, the shape and size of each member are set so as to be able to function as required as the holding means 14.
[0056] (2) When the holding means 14 includes a first engaging portion 62 provided at the proximal end side portion 19 of the horizontal support bar 11 and a second engaging portion 63 provided in the split groove portion 17 and capable of engaging with the first engaging portion 62, the first and second engaging portions 62, 63 may be configured as follows. That is, in a state where the proximal end side portion 19 is fitted into the split groove portion 17 as the horizontal support bar 11 rotates, the first and second engaging portions 62, 63 engage in a contacting state, whereby the proximal end side portion 19 is held as described above. When an upward load equal to or greater than a certain value acts on the horizontal support bar 11, it is sufficient that the first and second engaging portions 62, 63 engage and disengage to release the holding.
[0057] For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the first engaging portion 62 is configured as the opposing both side surface portions 77, 77 of the proximal end side portion 19, and the second engaging portion 63 is configured as the opposing both inner side surface portions 79, 79 of the split groove portion 17 that generate a required frictional force with the first engaging portion 60. In a state where the proximal end side portion 19 is fitted into the split groove portion 17 as the horizontal support bar 11 rotates, the first and second engaging portions 62, 63 engage in a pressure contact state, whereby the proximal end side portion 19 is held by the frictional action between the both side surface portions 77, 77 and the both inner side surface portions 79, 79. When an external force equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar 11, a configuration can also be adopted in which the first and second engaging portions 62, 63 engage and disengage to release the holding. Alternatively, the first and second engaging portions 62, 63 may be configured to be elastically engaged in a concavo-convex fitting state and elastically engaged and disengaged.
[0058] (3) The horizontal support bar 9 may project in a substantially horizontal state when the support column 4 is viewed in a vertical state.
[0059] (4) The configuration of the pivot 13 for enabling the horizontal support bar 9 to be rotatable within the angular range between the protruding state A and the folded state B is not limited to the means of inserting the pivot shaft 33 described above, and may be a pivot such as an uneven fitting method.
[0060] (5) FIG. 12 shows another means for easily and surely performing the operation of forming the pivot structure portion. Contrary to the case described above based on FIGS. 6 to 7 and FIG. 10, a second fitting convex portion 80 is provided on the groove bottom portion 21, and a second fitting concave portion 81 capable of presenting a fitting state in close contact with the second fitting convex portion 80 is provided on the lower surface portion 23 of the base end side portion 19.
[0061] (6) As shown in FIG. 13, for other configurations for easily and surely performing the operation of forming the pivot structure portion, a first fitting uneven portion 82 is provided on the groove bottom portion 21, and a second fitting uneven portion 83 capable of presenting a fitting state in close contact with the first fitting uneven portion 82 may be provided on the lower surface portion 23 of the base end side portion 19.
[0062] (7) In the above embodiment, the vertical side edge portion 3 of the flag 2 is supported by the support column 5 via the side loop piece 4, and the upper edge portion 9 of the flag 2 is supported by the horizontal support bar 11 via the upper loop piece 10. However, both the side loop piece 4 and the upper loop piece 10 may have a cylindrical shape with a continuous required length.
Description of Reference Numerals
[0063] 1 Flag support device 2 Flag 5 Support column 6 Upper end portion 7 Mounting member 11 Horizontal support bar 12 Base end portion 13 Pivot 14 Holding means 15 Upper portion 16 vertical wall part 17 grooved part 19 base end side part 21 bottom of groove 26 insertion shaft part 33 pivot 35 bearing hole 41 rotating cylinder 51 pivot support hole 56 inclined protrusion 59 inclined lower surface 60 first fitting recess 61 first fitting protrusion 62 first engaging part 63 second engaging part 77 side surface part 79 inner side surface part 80 second fitting protrusion 81 second fitting recess 82 first fitting uneven part 83 second fitting uneven part
Claims
1. A flag support device that is not easily damaged even when the flag is fanned by strong wind. A base end portion of a horizontal support bar that supports the upper edge portion of the flag is pivotally attached to a mounting member fixed to the upper end portion of a support column that supports the flag, and the horizontal support bar is rotatable in the forward and reverse directions. The horizontal support bar can be rotated upward in the forward direction from a protruding state in which it protrudes forward at a substantially right angle to the axis of the support column to a folded state along the support column, and the rotation is performed freely without being locked in the middle. A flag support device. When the horizontal support bar is in the protruding state, it is held by a holding means on the mounting member so that it cannot rotate downward and cannot rotate until a load of a certain level or more acts upward due to the action of wind pressure by strong wind. When a load of a certain level or more acts upward on the horizontal support bar, the holding is released, and the horizontal support bar can rotate in the forward direction in the free state. The load of a certain level or more is a load that acts upward on the horizontal support bar under strong wind with a wind speed of 10 to 15 m / s when the flag is fanned by the action of the wind pressure and rolls up and the flag is wound around the horizontal support bar. A flag support device characterized by this.
2. The holding means is configured to have standing wall portions that stand upright facing each other left and right on the upper part of the mounting member. A split groove portion extending in the front-rear direction is formed between the standing wall portions, the pivotal attachment is formed on the rear side of the split groove portion, and the base end side portion of the horizontal support bar can enter and exit the split groove portion as the horizontal support bar rotates. In the protruding state, the base end side portion is fitted into the split groove portion and its lower surface portion abuts against the groove bottom portion of the split groove portion so that the horizontal support bar cannot rotate downward, and when a load of a certain level or more acts upward on the horizontal support bar, the holding is released and the base end side portion escapes from the split groove portion so that the horizontal support bar can rotate in the forward direction in the free state. The flag support device according to claim 1, characterized by this.
3. The holding means includes a first engaging portion provided on the base end side portion of the horizontal support bar and a second engaging portion provided in the split groove portion and capable of engaging with the first engaging portion. As the first and second engaging portions engage with each other with the proximal end portion being fitted into the slit portion as the lateral support bar rotates in the reverse direction, the proximal end portion is held so as not to escape from the slit portion until a load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the lateral support bar. When a load equal to or greater than a certain value acts upward on the lateral support bar, the first and second engaging portions are disengaged and the holding is released, and the lateral support bar can rotate in the forward direction in a free state. The flag support device according to claim 2, characterized in that.
4. The holding means includes a first engaging portion provided at the proximal end portion of the lateral support bar and a second engaging portion provided in the slit portion and capable of engaging with the first engaging portion. The first engaging portion is configured as the upper edge portions of the opposing both side surfaces of the proximal end portion, and the second engaging portion is configured as a protruding portion that protrudes inward of the slit portion at the upper edge portions of both the standing wall portions, covers the upper edge portion from above, and is elastically pressed against the upper edge portion. As the first and second engaging portions engage with each other with the proximal end portion being fitted into the slit portion as the lateral support bar rotates in the reverse direction, the proximal end portion is held so as not to escape from the slit portion until a load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the lateral support bar. When a load equal to or greater than a certain value acts upward on the lateral support bar, the first and second engaging portions are disengaged and the holding is released, and the lateral support bar can rotate in the forward direction in a free state. The flag support device according to claim 2, characterized in that.
5. The proximal end of a lateral support bar that supports the upper edge of the flag is pivotally attached to a mounting member fixed to the upper end of a support column that supports the flag, and the lateral support bar can rotate in the forward and reverse directions. The lateral support bar can rotate upward in the forward direction from a protruding state that protrudes forward at a substantially right angle to the axis of the support column to a folded state along the support column, and the rotation is performed in a free state without being locked in the middle. A flag support device, When the lateral support bar is in the protruding state, it cannot rotate downward and is held by a holding means on the mounting member so that it cannot rotate upward until a load equal to or greater than a certain value acts. When a load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar, the holding is released, and the horizontal support bar can rotate in the positive direction in the free state. The holding means is configured to have standing wall portions erected on the upper portion of the mounting member so as to face each other left and right. A split groove portion extending in the front-rear direction is formed between the standing wall portions, and the pivotal attachment is configured on the rear side of the split groove portion. Along with the rotation, the proximal end side portion of the horizontal support bar can enter and exit the split groove portion. In the protruding state, the proximal end side portion is fitted into the split groove portion, and its lower surface portion abuts against the groove bottom portion of the split groove portion so that the horizontal support bar cannot rotate downward. Also, when a load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar, the holding is released, the proximal end side portion escapes from the split groove portion, and the horizontal support bar can rotate in the positive direction in the free state. Further, the holding means includes a first engaging portion provided on the proximal end side portion of the horizontal support bar and a second engaging portion provided in the split groove portion and capable of engaging with the first engaging portion in a pressure contact state. The first engaging portion is configured as opposing both side surface portions of the proximal end side portion, and the second engaging portion is configured as opposing both inner side surface portions of the split groove portion that generate a required frictional force with the first engaging portion. With the proximal end side portion being fitted into the split groove portion along with the reverse rotation of the horizontal support bar, the first and second engaging portions engage in a pressure contact state, so that the proximal end side portion is held by the frictional action between the both side surface portions and the both inner side surface portions, and until a load equal to or greater than the certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar, the proximal end side portion is held so as not to escape from the split groove portion. A flag support device, characterized in that when an external force equal to or greater than a certain value acts upward on the horizontal support bar, the first and second engaging portions are disengaged and the holding is released, and the horizontal support bar can rotate in the positive direction in the free state.
6. A pivot hole is provided at the proximal end portion of the horizontal support bar, and a bearing hole is provided in a bearing piece portion that protrudes outward from the outer surface of the support column at the rear end side of the mounting member. By inserting a pivot shaft through the pivot hole and the bearing hole, the horizontal support bar that supports the upper edge portion of the flag is pivotally attached so as to be rotatable within an angular range between a protruding state substantially perpendicular to the axis of the support column and a folded state along the support column. A first fitting recess is provided at the bottom of the groove, and a first fitting protrusion capable of presenting a fitting state in close contact with the first fitting recess is provided on the lower surface portion of the proximal end side portion. Alternatively, a second fitting protrusion is provided at the bottom of the groove, and a second fitting recess capable of presenting a fitting state in close contact with the second fitting protrusion is provided on the lower surface portion of the proximal end side portion. The proximal end side portion is fitted into the slit groove portion so that the lateral support bar presents the protruding state, and the first fitting recess and the first fitting protrusion present a close fitting state, or the second fitting recess and the second fitting protrusion present a close fitting state, whereby the bearing hole and the pivot support hole are aligned. The flag support device according to claim 2, characterized in that.
7. A base end portion of a lateral support bar that supports an upper edge portion of the flag is pivotally attached to a mounting member fixed to an upper end portion of a support column that supports the flag, and the lateral support bar is rotatable in a forward direction and a reverse direction. The lateral support bar can be rotated upward in the forward direction from a protruding state in which it is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the support column and protrudes forward to a folded state along the support column, and the rotation is performed freely without being locked in the middle. It is a flag support device, When the lateral support bar is in the protruding state, it is held by holding means on the mounting member so that it cannot rotate downward and cannot rotate upward until a load of a certain level or more acts. When a load of the certain level or more acts upward on the lateral support bar, the holding is released, and the lateral support bar can rotate in the forward direction in the free state. The holding means is configured to have standing wall portions erected opposite to each other left and right on the upper part of the mounting member. A slit groove portion extending in the front-rear direction is formed between the standing wall portions, the pivotal attachment is configured on the rear side of the slit groove portion, and the proximal end side portion of the lateral support bar can enter and exit the slit groove portion as it rotates. In the protruding state, the proximal end side portion is fitted into the slit groove portion, and its lower surface portion abuts against the groove bottom portion of the slit groove portion so that the lateral support bar cannot rotate downward. When a load of the certain level or more acts upward on the lateral support bar, the holding is released, the proximal end side portion escapes from the slit groove portion, and the lateral support bar can rotate in the forward direction in the free state. Further, a pivot hole is provided at the base end portion of the horizontal support bar, and a bearing hole is provided in a bearing piece portion that is on the rear end side of the attachment member and protrudes outward from the outer surface of the support column. By inserting a pivot shaft through the pivot hole and the bearing hole, the horizontal support bar that supports the upper edge portion of the flag is pivotally attached so as to be rotatable within an angular range between a protruding state that forms a substantially right angle with respect to the axis of the support column and a folded state along the support column. A first fitting uneven portion is provided at the bottom of the groove, and a second fitting uneven portion that can exhibit a fitting state in close contact with the first fitting uneven portion is provided on the lower surface portion of the base end side portion. A flag support device, characterized in that the base end side portion is inserted into the split groove portion so that the horizontal support bar exhibits the protruding state, and the first fitting uneven portion and the second fitting uneven portion exhibit a close fitting state, whereby the bearing hole and the pivot hole are aligned. Claim 8 The protruding state of the horizontal support bar is inclined upward within an angular range of 2 to 3.5 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane so that the horizontal support bar can exhibit a substantially horizontal state when the weight of the flag acts on the horizontal support bar when the support column is viewed in the vertical state. The flag support device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
Citation Information
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