Waterproof repair method and waterproof repair structure

Abstract

To provide a waterproof repair method and a waterproof repair structure of an overlay type without inconvenience by using a wet type base adjustment material or a mechanical fixing method. 【Solution means】 A waterproof repair structure is obtained in which a new waterproof layer of a vulcanized rubber sheet is laid and fixed on the upper surface of an existing waterproof layer through a dry type unevenness adjustment sheet by a waterproof repair method comprising a step of laying and fixing a dry type unevenness adjustment sheet on the upper surface of the existing waterproof layer and then a step of laying and fixing a vulcanized rubber sheet on the upper surface of the dry type unevenness adjustment sheet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a waterproof repair method and a waterproof repair structure using a dry-type base adjustment material. More specifically, it is suitable for the repair method of the roof waterproofing of a building, and relates to a covering-type waterproof repair method and a waterproof repair structure in which a vulcanized rubber-based sheet is used as a new waterproof material from above without removing the existing waterproof material.

Background Art

[0002] Generally, in the covering-type waterproof repair method, when the compatibility and combination of the existing and new waterproof materials are poor, a wet-type base adjustment material such as a liquid or paste type is often used, or an interlayer primer is used to improve the compatibility of both.

[0003] The types and construction structures of waterproof materials used in building structures are diverse. Usually, there is no problem as long as the waterproof material has performance equal to or better than the service life of the building. However, such materials do not exist with the current technology. Before rebuilding a building, the function of the waterproof material is often impaired and it is often replaced with a new waterproof material. Replacement means removing the old waterproof material once and installing a new waterproof material. The new waterproof material selected should have waterproof performance equal to or better than that of the removed waterproof material. This is called the removal-type waterproof repair method.

[0004] However, when it comes to removing a waterproof material with deteriorated function and installing a new one, daily life, business, etc. will become impossible during that period. In addition, since the removal work of the waterproof material incurs huge costs such as time and labor, in recent years, as described in "Guidelines for Roof Renewal by Sheet Waterproofing Issued by the Synthetic Polymer Roofing Association" (Non-Patent Document 1), a technology for installing a new waterproof material without replacing the existing one has emerged. Even if the function of the waterproof material deteriorates or partial defects occur due to this technology, a new waterproof material can be installed on top of the existing waterproof material without removing it. This is called the overlying method of waterproof repair construction method. Since this overlying method of waterproof repair construction method does not remove the existing waterproof material, there is less waste material compared to the removal method of replacing the existing waterproof material. For this reason, there are many merits such as shortening the construction period and being advantageous in terms of cost, and it is widely adopted. However, this overlying method of waterproof repair construction method has not only merits. In principle, the new and old waterproof materials are of the same material and construction method. If they are of the same material, the compatibility of each waterproof material is good, and the same performance can be guaranteed as a substitute. Currently, with the progress of waterproof material technology and the intensifying cost competition in the construction industry, there is an increasing demand from users for high-performance waterproof materials and shortening the replacement period (construction period) of waterproof materials. This trend has become more active, and there are more mechanical fixing construction methods that ignore the fact that the new and old waterproof materials are of the same material and the compatibility between the two waterproof materials. As described in Non-Patent Document 1 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-106598 (Patent Document 1), this mechanical fixing construction method is a revolutionary waterproof repair construction method for installing a new waterproof material using fixing fittings. The specific construction procedure is to form a waterproof layer while partially fixing the new and old waterproof materials and the structure of the building itself using anchors, disks, etc., regardless of the condition of the existing waterproof layer. With this technology, the compatibility between the new and old waterproof materials becomes irrelevant. Furthermore, when using an air-driven driving machine to fix the fixing fittings, the construction speed can be further increased, contributing to shortening the construction period and reducing costs. Therefore, each waterproof manufacturer has replaced the main axis with the mechanical fixing construction method as a labor-saving waterproof repair construction method. In the waterproof market centered on the roofs of buildings, there has even emerged a fixed theory that when it comes to the overlying method of waterproof repair construction method, it is the mechanical fixing construction method.

[0005] The covering method of bonding using a vulcanized rubber sheet is a method of bonding and fixing new and old waterproof materials entirely. As materials used for complete fixing, liquid materials such as adhesives and primers are generally used. These materials must be suitable for bonding and fixing new and old waterproof materials. However, these wet-type adhesives, primers, etc. require a drying and curing time after application until proceeding to the next process. Also, the components of the dedicated adhesive for the newly installed vulcanized rubber sheet contain organic solvents. When this dedicated adhesive containing organic solvents is directly applied to the existing waterproof material's hot asphalt or modified asphalt sheet, it will dissolve the existing waterproof material and hinder the waterproof repair. For this reason, in the case of a combination of new and old waterproof materials, insulation is required between their layers. For insulation, a base adjustment material such as resin mortar is used. These materials are inorganic materials and are composed of cement and silica sand. In addition, there are epoxy-based and urethane-based resins, etc. By mixing this inorganic material, resin, and water further, a chemical reaction occurs and finally, it is formed as a cured product. Similar to the aforementioned adhesives and primers, it is also necessary to proceed to the next process in an appropriately dried state after application. During this drying process, waiting time occurs. All of these are demerits of waterproof repair using a wet-type base adjustment material. Many base adjustment materials such as resin mortar cannot proceed to the next process on the day of application. Also, the drying and curing time depends on the coating film thickness of the base adjustment material and the outside air temperature, and this curing time affects the construction period.

[0006] As described above, the covering method of mechanical fixing has been common in recent years. On the other hand, this method also has demerits. For example, since the mechanical fixing method partially fixes the newly installed waterproof material using fixing brackets, there is a concern that the fixing force with the existing waterproof material is reduced compared to the adhesion method of full-surface fixing using an adhesive. This reduction in the fixing force causes damage to the newly installed waterproof material due to natural weather (especially strong winds). As damage cases, there were cases where tearing and peeling occurred near the fixing brackets of the newly installed waterproof material, and cases where the opening of the sheet joint occurred due to the blowing-in of wind and the sheet was turned up. In addition, when fixing the fixing brackets, there were problems on the environmental side caused by construction, such as the generation of noise by mechanical equipment and the concern that asbestos contained in the building structure would scatter to the neighborhood.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0007]

Patent Document 1

Non-Patent Documents

[0008]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0009] There is a demand for a covering method of waterproof repair and a waterproof repair structure that do not have disadvantages by using the above-described wet-type base adjustment material and mechanical fixing method.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0010] As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present invention utilizes a dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet such as a dry-type asphalt sheet as a base adjustment material (unevenness adjustment sheet) for waterproof repair, and uses a vulcanized rubber-based sheet as a new waterproof material to solve the above problems. That is, the waterproof repair structure of the present invention is as follows. (1) A waterproof repair structure for an existing waterproof layer, wherein a new waterproof layer of a vulcanized rubber-based sheet is laid and fixed on the upper surface of the existing waterproof layer via a dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet. (2) The waterproof repair structure according to (1), wherein the existing waterproof layer is an asphalt waterproof layer. (3) The waterproof repair structure according to (2), wherein the asphalt waterproof layer is a hot asphalt waterproof layer or a modified asphalt waterproof layer. (4) The waterproof repair structure according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet is a modified asphalt sheet. (5) The waterproof repair structure according to (4), wherein the modified asphalt sheet is provided with a solvent-resistant film on the upper surface. (6) The waterproof repair structure according to (4) or (5), wherein the modified asphalt sheet is provided with a reinforcing fiber layer in the sheet. Also, the waterproof repair method of the present invention is as follows. (7) A waterproof repair method for an existing waterproof layer, including a step of laying and fixing a dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet on the upper surface of the existing waterproof layer, and then a step of laying and fixing a vulcanized rubber-based sheet on the upper surface of the dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet. (8) The waterproof repair method according to (7), wherein the existing waterproof layer is an asphalt waterproof layer. (9) The waterproof repair method according to (7) or (8), wherein the dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet is a modified asphalt sheet. (10) The waterproof repair method according to (9), wherein the modified asphalt sheet is provided with a solvent-resistant film on the upper surface. (11) The waterproof repair method according to (9) or (10), wherein the modified asphalt sheet is provided with a reinforcing fiber layer in the sheet. (12) The dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet is laid and fixed on the upper surface of the existing waterproof layer after applying an adhesive or attaching a shaped seal to the upper surface of the existing waterproof layer, according to the waterproof repair method described in any one of (7) to (11). (13) The vulcanized rubber-based sheet is laid and fixed after applying a rubber-based adhesive to the upper surface of the dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet, according to the waterproof repair method described in any one of (7) to (12).

Effect of the Invention

[0011] The waterproof repair method and its structure of the present invention limit the newly installed waterproof material to a vulcanized rubber-based sheet and use a dry-type base adjustment material (unevenness adjustment sheet) such as a shaped modified asphalt sheet. This method, different from the wet-type base adjustment material, does not require a curing time or waiting time until it dries and enables continuous construction, leading to a shortening of the construction period of the waterproof repair work. In addition, the unevenness of the base surface is alleviated by the flexibility of the sheet, and the surface of the vulcanized rubber-based sheet can be finished into a smooth surface. Also, there is no concern about noise during construction or the scattering of asbestos as in the mechanical fixing method. This waterproof repair method can fully adhere the dry-type base adjustment material (unevenness adjustment sheet) and the vulcanized rubber-based sheet. Therefore, the resistance to strong winds is improved, and the occurrence of sheet scattering damage can be reduced. In addition, by providing a solvent-resistant film on the upper surface of the dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet, the construction period can be shortened.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0012]

Figure 1

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Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0013] The waterproof repair method and its structure of the present invention utilize a dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet such as dry-type modified asphalt as a base adjustment material, and use a vulcanized rubber sheet as a new waterproof material. That is, the waterproof repair method of the present invention comprises a step of laying and fixing a dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet on the upper surface of an existing waterproof layer, and then a step of laying and fixing a vulcanized rubber sheet on the upper surface of the dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet. Further, the waterproof repair structure of the present invention is a waterproof repair structure in which a new waterproof layer of a vulcanized rubber sheet is laid and fixed on the upper surface of an existing waterproof layer via a dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet.

[0014] FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the steps of the waterproof repair method of the present invention. In the figure, 1 indicates a base made of RC concrete or the like. An existing waterproof layer 2 made of hot asphalt, modified asphalt or the like is laid on the upper surface of the base 1. According to the waterproof repair method of the present invention, first, a rubber asphalt-based adhesive 3a is applied in a dot pattern at an application rate of 0.5 kg / m 2 on the upper surface of the existing waterproof layer 2, and then a dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet 4 made of a modified asphalt sheet having a thickness of about 4 mm is laid and fixed on the upper surface of the existing waterproof layer 2. Although an example in which the rubber asphalt-based adhesive 3a is applied in a dot pattern is shown, it may be applied to the entire upper surface of the existing waterproof layer 2. FIG. 2 shows an example in which, instead of the dot-shaped adhesive 3a in FIG. 1, a long strip-shaped shaped sealing material 3b mainly composed of butyl rubber is attached to the upper surface of the existing waterproof layer 2. After attaching the shaped sealing material 3b to the upper surface of the existing waterproof layer 2 in this way, a dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet 4 made of a modified asphalt sheet is laid and fixed on the upper surface of the existing waterproof layer 2. Next, as shown in FIG. 3, a rubber-based adhesive is applied as a dedicated adhesive 5 at an application rate of 0.2 kg / m to the entire surface of the dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet 4 laid and fixed on the upper surface of the existing waterproof layer 2. 2Apply it, and then lay and fix a vulcanized rubber sheet with an adhesive layer having a thickness of 1.0 to 2.0 mm as the vulcanized rubber sheet 6 on the upper surface of the dry unevenness adjusting sheet 4 coated with the special adhesive 5 to obtain the modified waterproof structure of the present invention. As the above-mentioned special adhesive 5, it is preferable to use a chloroprene rubber type or a butyl rubber type or the like. Since the unevenness adjusting sheet has a waterproof function, it is also effective as a temporary waterproof material. In particular, the unevenness adjusting sheet made of a uniform material with a thickness of 4 mm is rich in flexibility, and by attaching it to the base, it has the effect of alleviating the unevenness (unevenness) of the base. In addition, it follows the elongation characteristics with respect to movement, and cracks, breakage, etc. do not occur. In addition, in this embodiment, a finishing paint 7 having good compatibility with the rubber sheet or the above-mentioned finishing paint 7 mixed with silica sand is applied to the entire upper surface of the vulcanized rubber sheet 6 in an amount of 0.2 kg / m 2 ~0.5 kg / m 2 It was applied in this way.

[0015] In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the surface of the unevenness adjusting sheet is provided with a solvent-resistant special film layer 4a made of a resin processed so as not to be dissolved by the organic solvent of the special adhesive 5. This special film layer 4a has good compatibility with the special adhesive 5 and good compatibility with the vulcanized rubber sheet 6 of the newly installed waterproof material. Examples of the processing treatment include processing such as lamination. As the solvent-resistant special film layer 4a, polyethylene resin, modified acrylic resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin, etc. can be used, and the use of polyethylene terephthalate resin or the like is preferable. In the figure, 4b indicates a reinforcing fiber layer made of synthetic fiber. In this way, the dry asphalt sheet 4 is strengthened by providing the reinforcing fiber layer 4b in the sheet. As the above-mentioned reinforcing fiber layer 4b, polyester non-woven fabric, glass cloth, or a composite combination thereof can be used, and the use of polyester spunbond or the like is preferable.

[0016] Next, an adhesion test was conducted between the unevenness adjusting sheet 4 and the vulcanized rubber sheet 6 in the waterproof repair structure of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 5, a rubber asphalt-based adhesive 3a was applied at a coating amount of 0.5 kg / m 2 over the entire surface on the base 1 made of slate plates. After that, an unevenness adjustment sheet 4 made of a modified asphalt sheet was laid and fixed, and a rubber-based adhesive was applied as a dedicated adhesive 5 at a coating amount of 0.2 kg / m 2 Then, a vulcanized rubber sheet 6 was laid and fixed to prepare a test sample. The obtained test sample was allowed to stand at room temperature for 3 days, then placed in a constant temperature bath at 70°C for 30 days, and then tested under each condition after being placed in a constant temperature bath at 70°C for 60 days. The adhesion test cited the peel adhesion strength test method - Part 2: 180-degree peel test JIS K 6854-2: 1999, and the adhesion strength was measured with an autograph. The test specimen was cut to a width of 25 mm and used as a test piece. The peel rate of the test piece was 200 mm / min, and the average value of three test pieces was taken as the test result. The obtained test results are shown in Table 1. Note that the unit of the numerical values in the table is N / 25 mm.

[0017]

Table 1

[0018] From the test results, it was found that the adhesive force was 10 or more as the reference value.

[0019] Next, an adhesion test was conducted between the existing waterproof layer 2 and the unevenness adjustment sheet 4 in the waterproof repair structure of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 6, a modified asphalt sheet was laid and fixed as the existing waterproof layer 2 on the base 1 made of slate plates, and an asphalt-based adhesive 3a was applied at a coating amount of 0.5 kg / m 2 over the entire surface on its upper surface. After that, an unevenness adjustment sheet 4 made of a modified asphalt sheet was laid and fixed to prepare a test sample. After standing at room temperature for 3 days, it was tested under each condition after being placed in a constant temperature bath at 70°C for 30 days and then placed in a constant temperature bath at 70°C for 60 days. The subsequent test cited the peel adhesion strength test method - Part 2: 180-degree peel test JIS K 6854-2:1999, and the adhesion strength was measured using an autograph. The test specimens were cut to a width of 25 mm and used as test pieces. The peel rate of the test pieces was 200 mm / min, and the average value of three test pieces was taken as the test result. The obtained test results are shown in Table 2. Note that the unit of the numerical values in the table is N / 25 mm.

[0020]

Table 2

[0021] From the test results, it was found that the adhesive force was 10 or more than the reference value.

Industrial Applicability

[0022] It is industrially useful by providing a waterproof repair method and a waterproof structure of a covering type without inconvenience by using a wet type base adjusting material or a mechanical fixing method.

Explanation of Symbols

[0023] 1 Base 2 Existing waterproof layer 3a Adhesive 3b Shaped seal 4 Dry type unevenness adjusting sheet 4a Special film 4b Reinforcing fiber layer 5 Special adhesive 6 Vulcanized rubber sheet 7 Finishing paint

Claims

1. A waterproof repair structure for an existing waterproof layer, wherein a new waterproof layer of a vulcanized rubber-based sheet is provided on the upper surface of the existing waterproof layer via a dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet, and the dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet is a modified asphalt sheet.

2. The waterproof repair structure according to Claim 1, wherein the modified asphalt sheet is provided with a solvent-resistant film on its upper surface.

3. The waterproof repair structure according to Claim 1, wherein the modified asphalt sheet is provided with a reinforcing fiber layer in the sheet.

4. The waterproof repair structure according to Claim 2, wherein the modified asphalt sheet is provided with a reinforcing fiber layer in the sheet.

5. The waterproof repair structure according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the existing waterproof layer is an asphalt waterproof layer.

6. A waterproof repair method for an existing waterproof layer, comprising the steps of laying and fixing a dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet on the upper surface of the existing waterproof layer, and then laying and fixing a vulcanized rubber-based sheet on the upper surface of the dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet, wherein the dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet is a modified asphalt sheet.

7. The waterproof repair method according to Claim 6, wherein the modified asphalt sheet is provided with a solvent-resistant film on its upper surface.

8. The waterproof repair method according to Claim 6, wherein the modified asphalt sheet is provided with a reinforcing fiber layer in the sheet.

9. The waterproof repair method according to Claim 7, wherein the modified asphalt sheet is provided with a reinforcing fiber layer in the sheet.

10. The dry-type unevenness adjustment sheet is laid and fixed on the upper surface of the existing waterproof layer after applying an adhesive or attaching a shaped seal to the upper surface of the existing waterproof layer. The waterproof repair method according to any one of Claims 6 to 9.

11. The waterproof repair method according to any one of Claims 6 to 9, wherein the existing waterproof layer is an asphalt waterproof layer.

12. The waterproof repair method according to Claim 10, wherein the existing waterproof layer is an asphalt waterproof layer.

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