Floor structure of wooden building

Abstract

In a floor structure of a building where the floor beams of the upper floor are exposed on the ceiling of the lower floor, when it becomes necessary to change the layout of the upper floor rooms, a floor structure of a building is provided that allows for easy electrical wiring in a newly installed partition wall. 【Solution means】It has a floor material layer 2 including a plurality of beams 1, a floor base material layer 21 laid in contact with the upper surfaces of the plurality of beams 1, and a floor finish material layer 22 laid in contact with the upper surface of the floor base material layer 21. In the floor material layer 2, a columnar space 203 penetrating the floor base material layer 21 vertically is located at a position including directly above the beam 1 and the upper part is covered by the floor finish material layer 22. A columnar space communication hole 221 is formed in the floor finish material layer 22 at the upper position of the columnar space 203, and a lid body 222 covering the columnar space communication hole 221 is removably fixed to the floor finish material layer 22.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a floor structure of a wooden building with a living room on the lower floor.

Background Art

[0002] In small-scale wooden houses, an open living style with an atrium installed and fewer partitions has been proposed (Non-Patent Document 1). According to this living style approach, it is preferable in terms of energy efficiency and the like for a residential building to have a low eaves height and a small internal space volume. To suppress the eaves height, it is effective to lower the floor height (however, this is limited to buildings with two or more floors). Suppressing the floor height also enables reducing the number of steps of the staircase, so it is also preferable for efficiently using the floor area in a small-scale wooden house.

[0003] In such a concept of space utilization, a method is known in which the beam is exposed on the ceiling of the lower floor to improve the indoor landscape, and while suppressing the floor height, the ceiling height is ensured. When using this method, since the ceiling space is divided by the beam, the electrical wiring path to the electric lights installed on the ceiling or the like must be separately secured by drilling wiring holes in the beam or by forming a double floor structure (Patent Document 1). However, there are problems in that, structurally, there are restrictions on the positions where wiring holes can be drilled in the beam, and the construction becomes complicated when forming a double floor structure.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Non-Patent Documents

[0005]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] The present invention has been invented in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems. In a wooden building having a so-called "beam-exposed" landscape in which the floor beams of the upper floor are exposed on the ceiling of the lower floor, while securing an electrical wiring path inside the floor structure, the floor height can be suppressed and the ceiling height of the lower floor can be set high, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a floor structure that is easy to construct.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the floor structure of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a plurality of beams having flat upper surfaces and installed in parallel at a predetermined interval; a floor base material layer laid in contact with the upper surfaces of the plurality of beams; and a floor finishing material layer laid in contact with the upper surface of the floor base material layer, and has a floor material layer. In the floor material layer, a columnar space penetrating the first floor material layer vertically is formed at a position including directly above at least one of the plurality of beams, and is covered by the second floor material layer. The length of the cross section of the columnar space perpendicular to the length direction of the plurality of beams is larger than the width of the beam, and both horizontal ends of the cross section of the columnar space perpendicular to the length direction of the plurality of beams extend from both side surfaces of the beam in plan view. In the floor finishing material layer, a columnar space communication hole is formed at a position including at least a part of the upper part of the columnar space, and a lid covering the columnar space communication hole is removably fixed at a position where the height of the upper surface is flush with the upper surface of the floor finishing material layer.

Effects of the Invention

[0008] The floor structure of the wooden building of the present invention is configured as described above, and the columnar space provided in the floor base material layer is used as the electrical wiring path at the intersection of the electrical wiring and the beam. By using this floor structure, even when using the so-called "beam exposure" method of exposing the beam in the indoor space on the lower floor, it is not necessary to adopt a double floor structure to secure the electrical wiring path, so the construction cost can be reduced. In addition, since it is not necessary to drill wiring holes in the beam to secure the electrical wiring path, it is not necessary to conduct a structural study on the position of the wiring holes in the beam. In this way, it is possible to provide a floor structure for a wooden building that can set the ceiling on the lower floor high, suppress the floor height, is excellent in cost, and is easy to construct.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0009]

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Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0010] A floor structure of a wooden building according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings below. (First Embodiment)

[0011] FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the floor structure of the first embodiment of the present invention, and more specifically, a cross-sectional view seen from a direction orthogonal to the long side of the floor base plywood 211. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the floor structure of FIG. 1. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the floor structure of the wooden building according to the first embodiment includes a beam 1, a floor material layer 2 horizontally constructed on the upper surface of the beam 1, a ceiling space 3 which is a space in contact with the lower surface of the floor material layer 2, and a ceiling material layer 4 horizontally constructed below the floor material layer 2 with the ceiling space 3 interposed therebetween. The lower surface of the ceiling material layer 4 is formed at a height higher than the lower surface of the beam 1. The upper surface of the floor material layer 2 appears in the interior of the upper floor room F2 as the floor surface of the upper floor room F2, and a part of the side surface, the lower surface of the beam 1, and the lower surface of the ceiling material layer 4 appear in the interior of the lower floor room F1 as the ceiling of the lower floor room F1.

[0012] As shown in FIG. 1, the beam 1 of the wooden building in this embodiment has a vertically long rectangular cross-section, and the height of the cross-section uses different ones according to the distance between columns across which the beam 1 is spanned, etc. Note that the cross-section of the beam 1 is not necessarily limited to a rectangle as long as the upper surface is a horizontal plane, and for example, it may be a shape with the grain of a log exposed on the lower surface.

[0013] Figure 3 is a plan view of the floor structure of the first embodiment of the present invention (common also in the second embodiment described later). The arrangement of the beams 1 of the wooden building in this embodiment consists of a plurality of beams arranged in parallel at intervals equal to the module, and a plurality of beams arranged in parallel at intervals that are an integral multiple of the module in a direction orthogonal to these. The module is the basic dimension that serves as a standard in design in architecture (in Japanese wooden houses, 3 shaku = approximately 910 millimeters is generally taken as 1 module, and this is also followed in this embodiment). As an example, in the arrangement of the beams in Figure 3, beams 101 to 105 are arranged in parallel with the left - right direction of the figure, and the beams 1A, 1B, and 1C orthogonal to these are arranged in parallel with the depth direction of the figure. Beam 101 and beam 1C are the trunk joints in contact with the outer wall. Beams 101 to 105 are arranged from the front to the back at intervals equal to the module, and the beams 1A, 1B, and 1C orthogonal to these are arranged at intervals that are twice the module. Beams 101, 104, and 105 are spanned between beam 1A and beam 1C. The rectangular range surrounded by beams 101, 1C, 104, and 1B is an atrium, beam 1B is spanned between beams 101 and 104, and beams 102 and 103 are spanned between beam 1A and beam 1B.

[0014] As shown in Figure 1, the floor material layer 2 of the wooden building in this embodiment is composed of a floor base material layer 21 (an example of the first floor material layer) laid horizontally in contact with the upper surface of the beam 1, and a floor finishing material layer 22 (an example of the second floor material layer) laid horizontally in contact with the upper surface of the floor base material layer 21. A floor base plywood 211 is used for the floor base material layer 21, and a solid wood flooring is used for the floor finishing material layer 22. As shown in Figure 2, they are each laid horizontally without gaps, forming the floor of the upper - floor room F2.

[0015] Figure 4 is a plan view showing the allocation of the subfloor plywood 211 in Figure 3. The subfloor plywood 211 used for the subfloor material layer 21 of the wooden building in this embodiment has a short side length that is approximately equal to the module interval and a ratio of the long side length to the short side length of 2:1 as shown in Figure 4. A square piece with the long side length trimmed to match the short side length is used in part, and it is laid out in a staggered pattern so that the outer vertices of four adjacent subfloor plywoods 211 do not coincide. Since the subfloor plywood 211 is arranged in this way on the upper surface of the beam 1, in the form shown in Figure 4 as an example, the line connecting the midpoints of both long sides of the subfloor plywood 211 coincides with the center line of the beam 102 in the subfloor plywood 211a1, the center line of the beam 103 in the subfloor plywood 211b2, the center line of the beam 104 in the subfloor plywood 211c1, and the center line of the beam 105 in the subfloor plywood 211d2 and subfloor plywood 211d4, respectively.

[0016] As shown in Figure 2, the long sides of the subfloor plywood 211 used in the first embodiment are grooved, and the subfloor plywoods 211 with adjacent long sides are adhered to each other using an adhesive on the grooved parts of the long sides. At the locations where the long sides of the subfloor plywoods 211 adjacent to each other coincide with the center line of the beam 1 in plan view, a predetermined edge distance is ensured from each long side, and the subfloor plywood 211 is nailed at a predetermined interval and fixed to the beam 1 directly below.

[0017] The joint surfaces of the short sides are arranged to coincide with the center line of the beam 1 in plan view. A predetermined extended edge distance is ensured from each short side, and they are nailed at a predetermined interval and fixed to the upper surface of the beam 1 directly below. The subfloor plywood 211 is also arranged so that the line connecting the center lines of both long sides coincides with the center line of the beam 1 in plan view. Along the line connecting the center lines of both long sides and the line where a predetermined edge distance is ensured from both short sides, it is nailed in a zigzag shape at a predetermined interval and fixed to the beam 1 directly below. The subfloor plywood 211 laid on the upper surface of the beam 1 forms the subfloor material layer 21 in this way and is fixed to the beam 1 directly below.

[0018] As shown in Fig. 1, on the side surfaces of beams 101 to 105 arranged at equal intervals to the module among the beams 1 of the present embodiment, the edge hangers 311 are fixed at a predetermined distance downward from the lower surface of the floor underlayment layer 21. As shown in Fig. 2, the edge hangers 311 use lightweight steel members with a U-shaped small cross-section in the exemplary form, but long members made of materials such as wood other than lightweight steel members may also be used. In this way, for example, in Fig. 1, between the edge hanger 311 attached to the right side surface of the beam 102 and the edge hanger 311 attached to the left side surface of the beam 103 facing the right side surface of the beam 102, a plurality of edge members 312 are installed, and the plurality of edge members 312 are installed at substantially equal intervals as shown in Fig. 2. The edge members 312 use lightweight steel members with an L-shaped cross-section in the exemplary form, but long members made of materials such as wood other than lightweight steel members may also be used. The ceiling underlayment material constituting the ceiling material layer 4 is laid with the upper surface in contact with the lower surface of the edge member 312 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

[0019] As shown in Fig. 2, the ceiling material layer 4 of the present embodiment has a configuration in which a gypsum board is laid flush and without gaps on the lower surface of the edge member 312 as the ceiling underlayment material, and an aqueous paint is applied or wallpaper or vinyl cloth is pasted on the entire lower surface thereof (not shown). As shown in Fig. 1, the outer periphery of the ceiling material layer 4 is in contact with the side surface of the beam 1, and since the height of the lower surface of the ceiling material layer 4 is higher than the height of the lower surface of the beam 1, the interior of the lower floor room F1 forms a "beam exposed" landscape in which a part of the side surface and the lower surface of the beam 1 appear.

[0020] Since the height of the lower surface of the ceiling material layer 4 of the present embodiment is higher than the lower surface of the beam 1 as shown in Fig. 1, the ceiling space 3 between the upper surface of the ceiling material layer 4 and the lower surface of the floor underlay plywood 211 is partitioned into 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d by the beams 102, 103, 104 and forms different spaces as shown in Fig. 3 as an example.

[0021] As shown in Fig. 1, a ceiling perimeter edge 41 is attached to the periphery of the lower surface of the ceiling material layer 4 of the present embodiment with its side surface in contact with the beam 1, and is installed such that the lower surface of the ceiling perimeter edge 41 is at a position higher than the lower surface of the beam 1. In the illustrated embodiment, the cross-section of the ceiling perimeter edge 41 is rectangular, but its shape and size can be arbitrarily selected according to the design, and the forms other than the upper surface in contact with the lower surface of the ceiling material layer 4 and the side surface in contact with the side surface of the beam 1 can be arbitrary. By being installed at this position, the ceiling perimeter edge 41 conceals the gap that may occur between the beam 1 and the ceiling material layer 2.

[0022] As shown in Fig. 2, a columnar space 203 penetrating the floor base material layer 21 vertically is formed in the floor base material layer 21 of the present embodiment. The columnar space 203 in the illustrated embodiment is circular-rectangular in plan view and penetrates the floor base material layer 21 vertically, and its height is the same as the thickness of the floor base material layer 21. The position of the columnar space 203 is at a position intersecting the beam 1 in plan view as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. As shown in Fig. 1, the size of the columnar space 203 is such that the width of the cross-section orthogonal to the length direction of the beam 1 intersecting with it is slightly larger than the width of the beam 1, and both ends extend from both side surfaces of the beam 1 with substantially equal lengths. As shown in Fig. 2, the length of the cross-section of the columnar space 203 in the length direction of the beam 1 is narrower than the interval between the nails 213 driven to fix the floor base plywood 211 forming the floor base material layer 21 to the beam 1 directly below, so the interval of nailing at the location straddling the columnar space 203 can also be nailed without exceeding a predetermined interval. Since the floor finish material layer 22 is laid without gaps on the upper surface of the floor base material layer 21 as described above, the location where the columnar space 203 is formed in the floor base material layer 21 is covered by the floor finish material layer 22.

[0023] In the floor base plywood 211 used for the floor base material layer 21 of the present embodiment, columnar spaces 203 are formed in advance at positions away from the outer edge of the floor base plywood 211 in a shape intersecting with a line connecting the midpoints of both long sides of the floor base plywood 211 before fixing the floor base plywood 211 on the upper surface of the beam 1. In the illustrated embodiment, since the columnar spaces 203 are formed at this position in the floor base plywood 211, unlike forming by notching both outer edges across the joint portions of adjacent floor base plywoods 211, they can be formed without any special reinforcement.

[0024] FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the electrical wiring route in FIG. 4. An electric cord 5 for supplying electricity to electric lights or the like installed on the ceiling of the lower floor living room F1 is wired in the ceiling space 3, which is the space between the lower surface of the floor base material layer 21 and the upper surface of the ceiling material layer 4, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5. In the illustrated embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the ceiling space 3 is partitioned into 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d by beams 102, 103, and 104. However, in the ceiling space 3 partitioned in this way, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the ceiling spaces 3b and 3c, which are adjacent ceiling spaces 3, are connected via the columnar space 203 provided in the floor base plywood 211b2. Therefore, the electric cord 5 wired in the ceiling space 3b can extend to the ceiling space 3c via the columnar space 203. (Second Embodiment)

[0025] The floor structure of the second embodiment of the present invention is applicable when it is necessary to perform so-called nailing around the perimeter regarding the way of laying the floor base plywood 211, which is different from the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a view of the floor structure of the present embodiment seen from a direction parallel to the long side of the floor base plywood 211, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line A - A in FIG. 5.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 6, in order to enable nailing around the perimeter of the floor base plywood 211 in this embodiment, a receiving member 212 with the upper surface height adjusted to the upper surface of the beam 1 is provided at a location where there is no beam 1 directly below the long sides of the floor base plywood 211 where the long sides are adjacent to each other. The floor base plywood 211 of this embodiment is fixed by nailing one or both of its long sides to the receiving member 212 at a predetermined interval. Although the floor base plywood 211 in FIG. 7 has a bead processed on its long sides, in the floor structure of this embodiment, since the floor base plywood 211 is nailed around its perimeter to form the floor base material layer 21, unlike the floor structure of the first embodiment, it is not necessarily required to use the floor base plywood 211 with a bead processed on its long sides, and it is not necessary to adhere the long sides of the adjacent floor base plywood 211 to each other using an adhesive on the long sides of the floor base plywood 211.

[0027] Among the beams 1 in this embodiment, on the side surfaces of the beams 101 to 105 arranged at intervals equal to the module, the edge brackets 311 are fixed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. For example, in the form shown in FIG. 6, the edge bracket 311 is fixed to the front side surface of the beam 102. Between the edge bracket 311 fixed to the side surface of the beam 101 (not shown in FIG. 6) facing the front side surface of the beam 102, a plurality of edge members 312 are installed at substantially equal intervals parallel to the receiving member 212 and avoiding the position of the receiving member 212. The ceiling base material constituting the ceiling material layer 4 is laid in contact with the lower surface of the edge member 312 as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.

[0028] The outer perimeter of the ceiling material layer 4 in this embodiment is in contact with the side surface of the beam 1 as shown in FIG. 6, and the upper surface of the ceiling material layer 4 and the lower surface of the receiving member 212 are not in contact with each other, ensuring a gap. Since the height of the lower surface of the ceiling material layer 4 in this embodiment is at a position higher than the height of the lower surface of the beam 1, the interior of the lower floor room F1 forms a "beam exposed" landscape where a part of the side surface and the lower surface of the beam 1 appear.

[0029] The ceiling material layer 4 of this embodiment is located at a position where the height of its lower surface is higher than the lower surface of the beam 1 as shown in Fig. 6, and a gap is secured between the upper surface and the lower surface of the receiving member 212. The ceiling space 3 between the upper surface of the ceiling material layer 4 and the lower surface of the floor base plywood 211 is partitioned by the beam 1 and not partitioned by the receiving member 212. As an example, as shown in Fig. 3, it forms separate spaces partitioned into 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d by the beams 102, 103, and 104.

[0030] In the floor base material layer 21 of this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 6, a columnar space 203 penetrating the floor base material layer 21 vertically is drilled. The position of the columnar space 203 is at a position intersecting in plan view with the beam 1 arranged at equal intervals equal to the module as shown in Fig. 4. The electrical cord 5 wired in the ceiling space 3 can extend to the adjacent ceiling space 3 via the columnar space 203 as shown in Fig. 6. (Third Embodiment)

[0031] The floor structure of the third embodiment of the present invention is a structure that enables electrical wiring inside the newly installed partition wall 7 when changing the floor plan by newly installing the partition wall 7 in the upper floor room F2 in the floor structure having the beam 1, the floor base material layer 21, and the floor finish material layer 22 of the first embodiment. Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view of the floor structure of the third embodiment of the present invention, and more specifically, it is a sectional view seen from a direction orthogonal to the long side of the floor base plywood 211. Fig. 8b is an enlarged view of the peripheral portion of the beam 1 and the columnar space 203 in Fig. 8a.

[0032] In the floor finishing material layer 22 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, a columnar space communication hole 221 is formed so as to penetrate the floor finishing material layer 22 vertically at a position directly above the columnar space 203 of the floor finishing material layer 22. A lid 222 having the same shape as the columnar space communication hole 221 in plan view is removably fixed to the floor material layer 2, that is, to the floor base material layer 21 and the floor finishing material layer 22, at a position where the height of the upper surface is flush with the upper surface of the floor finishing material layer 22, and constitutes a part of the floor finishing material layer 22. The columnar space communication hole 221 of the present embodiment may be located at a position including at least a part of the upper part of the columnar space 203, and may be formed so as to straddle the upper parts of the plurality of columnar spaces 203 formed above the same beam 1. Further, although solid wood flooring is used in the floor finishing material layer 22 in the illustrated form, the columnar space communication hole 221 formed here may be formed within a single solid wood flooring or may be formed across a plurality of solid wood floorings.

[0033] FIG. 9 shows procedures A to D for newly installing a partition wall on the floor structure of the present embodiment and laying electrical wiring inside the newly installed partition wall. For convenience, in FIG. 9, the edge trim 311, the edge material 312, and the ceiling perimeter edge 41 are omitted, the electrical wiring 5 is represented by a thick solid line, the portion of the electrical wiring 5 hidden by the floor material layer 2 is indicated by a broken line, and the internal structure of the newly installed partition wall 7 is omitted.

[0034] FIG. 9[A] shows the state before laying the floor finishing material layer 22 in the present embodiment. In this figure, the portions of the beam 1 hidden by the floor material layer 2 and the ceiling material layer 4 are indicated by broken lines. FIG. 9[B] shows the state in which the floor finishing material layer 22 is laid in the present embodiment. In this state, the entire columnar space communication hole 221 formed in the floor finishing material layer 22 is covered by the lid 222, the upper surface of the floor finishing material layer 22 and the upper surface of the lid 222 are flush, and the floor finishing material layer 22 is constituted including the columnar space communication hole 221 and the lid 222.

[0035] Figure 9[C] shows the state where the lid 222 is separated from the columnar space communication holes 221 of the floor finishing material layer 22 in order to perform electrical wiring inside the partition wall to be newly installed when changing the floor plan of the upper floor room F2 and newly installing a partition wall using the floor structure of the present embodiment. Since the electrical wiring 5 is exposed in the upper floor room F2 in this state, the electrical wiring 5 can be taken out and branched, and the branched electrical wiring can be wired inside the partition wall to be newly installed. When it is assumed at the time of new construction that the allowable current capacity of the existing electric wire will be exceeded by branching the electrical wiring, at the stage of new construction work, spare electrical wiring is provided inside the floor structure of the present embodiment in a form following the electrical wiring 5. By pre-wiring it in a form that can be taken out onto the floor of the upper floor room F2 from the distribution board to the columnar space 203, it is possible to avoid exceeding the allowable current capacity due to branching.

[0036] Figure 9[D] shows the state where the floor plan of the upper floor room F2 is changed using the floor structure of the present embodiment, a partition wall 7 is newly installed, and a branched electric cord 52 is wired inside the partition wall 7. As described above, by using the floor structure of the present embodiment, the partition wall 7 can be installed on the smooth floor of the upper floor room F2 in the state of Procedure B, and the existing electrical wiring 5 can be branched and the branched electric cord 51 can be easily wired inside the partition wall 7.

[0037] The floor structure of the present embodiment can also be applied to a floor structure having a beam 1, a floor base material layer 21, and a floor finishing material layer 22 of the second embodiment.

Industrial Applicability

[0038] The floor structure of the wooden building according to the present invention can be suitably used when it is desired to simultaneously realize a high design quality and an open living style indoors that form a "beam exposed" landscape in a small-scale wooden house of two stories or more with a low floor height.

Explanation of Signs

[0039] 1 Beam 2 Floor material layer 203 Columnar space 21 Floor base material layer 211 Floor base plywood 212 Receiving material 213 Nail 22 Floor finishing material layer 221 Columnar space communication hole 222 Cover body 3 Ceiling back space 311 Eaves hanging 312 Eaves material 32 Wiring storage layer 4 Ceiling material layer 41 Ceiling perimeter edge 5 Electric cord 51 Mounting position for lighting fixtures etc 52 Branch electric cord 6 Column 7 Partition wall 71 Partition wall facing material 72 Partition wall internal space F1 Lower floor living room F2 Upper floor room

Claims

1. a plurality of beams erected in parallel at a predetermined interval; a first floor material layer laid in contact with the upper surfaces of the plurality of beams; a floor material layer including a second floor material layer laid in contact with the upper surface of the first floor material layer; in the floor material layer, a columnar space penetrating the first floor material layer vertically is formed at a position including directly above at least one of the plurality of beams, and the upper part is covered by the second floor material layer; in the second floor material layer, a columnar space communication hole is formed at a position including at least a part of the upper part of the columnar space, and a lid covering the columnar space communication hole is removably fixed to the second floor material layer. A floor structure for a wooden building, characterized in that.

2. The floor structure of a wooden building according to claim 1, characterized in that the lid is removably fixed to the second floor material layer at a position where the height of the upper surface is flush with the upper surface of the second floor material layer.

3. A wooden building equipped with the floor structure according to claim 1 or 2.

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