Household perishable waste disposal device and method of use

Abstract

To provide household perishable garbage treatment equipment and a use method thereof.SOLUTION: There are disclosed household perishable garbage treatment equipment and a use method thereof relating to a technical field of environmental engineering. The equipment includes a crushing unit 1, a pyrolysis unit 2, and a condensation and washing unit 3. Perishable garbage is crushed by the crushing unit, then the crushed perishable garbage is pyrolyzed into pyrolytic bio-char by the pyrolysis unit, and gas produced in the pyrolysis process is condensed and collected by the condensation and washing unit. The household perishable garbage treatment equipment and the use method thereof can effectively treat perishable garbage on a current spot, reduce collection and treatment costs required by conventional perishable garbage treatment modes, achieve carbon sequestration and resource utilization of products, and have favorable economic, ecological and social benefits.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental engineering, and more particularly to a household perishable waste disposal device and method of use thereof. [Background technology]

[0002] Household putrescible waste generally refers to the organic solid waste generated in the daily lives of urban residents, mainly including food waste, garden waste, human and animal feces, etc.

[0003] Putrefactive waste poses the following hazards: When piled up outdoors, it releases harmful gases such as ammonia and sulfides, polluting the atmosphere and urban living environment; the high concentration of seepage liquid produced during the accumulation and decay process seriously pollutes water bodies; it is an easy breeding ground for harmful organisms such as pathogenic microorganisms, mosquitoes, flies, cockroaches, and rats, affecting the health of residents; it invades large amounts of land; and it may cause accidents such as garbage explosions. Therefore, if urban organic waste is not effectively treated, it will pose serious harm to residents' lives and the ecological environment, and require attention from all parties.

[0004] The primary method of treating perishable waste has traditionally been centralized treatment, in which all household waste within a city is collected and transported to a centralized treatment plant for disposal. Common methods include composting, incineration, pyrolysis, landfilling, and biological treatment. However, existing centralized treatment methods need further improvement. For example, composting has drawbacks, such as relatively low treatment efficiency, unstable treatment processes due to different waste compositions, and large land area requirements. Incineration has drawbacks, such as the tendency to generate secondary pollutants such as dioxins and wasteful use of resources. Pyrolysis requires highly specialized operation and has limited means for recycling existing products. Landfilling has drawbacks, such as large land area requirements and high costs for disposal and removal. Biological treatment processes, such as those using black soldier flies, earthworms, and microbial anaerobic fermentation, have drawbacks, such as relatively low conversion efficiency, significant environmental impacts such as climate, and large land area requirements.

[0005] On the other hand, as waste separation is gradually popularized and implemented in urban and rural areas, the separate collection, transportation, and treatment of household perishable waste, such as separated food waste and garden waste, is required. Separate organic waste collection and transportation systems are huge, complex, expensive, and problematic. These problems are particularly serious in small and medium-sized counties and cities with low population density and low waste generation intensity. Currently, the technology for separating and treating separated organic waste still has room for improvement. Therefore, while residents separate waste at source, waste collection and treatment departments collect and treat the separated waste together, which greatly discourages residents' enthusiasm for waste separation and delays the popularization and implementation of waste separation.

[0006] Due to the above problems, there is an objective need for decentralized treatment of perishable waste at the source, i.e., for the effective treatment of waste separated at the source, such as on a household basis. This not only solves the current difficulties of separated waste collection, such as separate transportation and treatment, but also enables the recycling of products at the source, thereby reducing energy consumption and treatment costs in the processes of centralized collection and the recycling and delivery of products after centralized treatment, and has a significant effect on reducing carbon emissions, resulting in significant social and environmental benefits.

[0007] Currently, the decentralized organic waste treatment technologies commonly used both in China and abroad include food waste crushing and treatment technology, household composting, earthworm reactors, water evaporation treatment equipment, and small-scale pyrolysis equipment. Of these, small-scale decentralized organic waste pyrolysis treatment equipment is gaining attention due to its advantages of high treatment efficiency, relatively stable process, and high resource value of the pyrolysis product, biochar. However, overall, household pyrolysis processes and equipment still lack the underlying technical theory and have insufficient equipment design and development capabilities, making it necessary to urgently develop new treatment equipment. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] The present invention addresses the shortcomings present in existing household putrescue waste disposals by providing a novel, highly efficient disposal system and method for its use. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions.

[0010] The present invention provides a household putrescible waste disposal device, comprising a crushing unit, a pyrolysis unit and a condensate cleaning unit; The crushing unit includes a crushing housing, a cooling water supply pipe, a crusher basket, a crusher, and a cooling water and permeate discharge port. The top of the crushing housing is open, and the cooling water supply pipe is installed on one side of the upper part of the crushing housing. The crusher basket is used to accommodate perishable organic waste to be crushed. The crusher basket is installed in the crushing housing, and the crusher is installed in the crusher basket. The cooling water and permeate discharge port is installed on the bottom of the crushing housing. The pyrolysis unit includes a pyrolysis housing, a pyrolysis basket, a solid heat medium, a pyrolysis unit exhaust port and a heating plate, the pyrolysis basket is installed in the pyrolysis housing, a heating plate is installed at the bottom of the crushing housing, the solid heat medium is installed in both the pyrolysis housing and the pyrolysis basket, the pyrolysis basket is used to accommodate crushed putrescible organic waste, the pyrolysis housing has an upper side where the pyrolysis unit exhaust port is installed, and the pyrolysis unit exhaust port is connected to the condensation cleaning unit, The condensation cleaning unit includes a condensation housing, a pyrolysis gas pipeline, a condensation cleaning unit exhaust port, a condenser, a condensate receiving device, a residual exhaust gas discharge pipeline, and an exhaust gas absorption cleaning device. The pyrolysis gas pipeline and the condensation cleaning unit exhaust port are installed on the top of the condensation housing. One end of the pyrolysis gas pipeline is connected to the pyrolysis unit exhaust port, and the other end of the pyrolysis gas pipeline passes through the condenser and is connected to the condensate receiving device. The top of the condensate receiving device is connected to one end of the residual exhaust gas discharge pipeline, and the other end of the residual exhaust gas discharge pipeline extends to the bottom of the exhaust gas absorption cleaning device. The exhaust gas absorption cleaning device is used to store condensate.

[0011] Optionally, the crushing housing, the pyrolysis housing and the condensation housing are all made of heat resistant plastic.

[0012] Optionally, the crushing housing and the pyrolysis housing each have a releasable cover plate at the top thereof.

[0013] Optionally, the crushing device includes a crushing blade, a blade mounting rod, and a top mounting head, the crushing blade being mounted on an outer wall of the blade mounting rod, and the top mounting head being mounted on the top of the blade mounting rod, and the top mounting head being used for connecting to a drive device.

[0014] Optionally, said crusher basket is an open-topped cylindrical structure, with a plurality of holes uniformly distributed at regular intervals on the surface of said crusher basket.

[0015] Optionally, said pyrolyzer basket is an open-top mesh bag-like structure, said pyrolyzer basket being made of stainless steel wire mesh.

[0016] Optionally, the solid heat transfer medium is one or more of sand, kaolin, quartz sand, stone powder, yellow loam or red loam, each having a particle size of less than 5 mm.

[0017] Optionally, the inside of the pyrolysis housing is lined with a thermal insulating material.

[0018] Optionally, the condensate is tap water, sodium hydroxide, dilute hydrochloric acid, sodium bicarbonate, or ethanol.

[0019] The present invention also discloses a method for using a household perishable waste treatment device, which involves first crushing perishable organic waste, in which a user places the perishable organic waste generated in the home into the crusher basket, closes the top cover plate of the crusher housing, turns on the cooling water, and starts the crusher to crush the perishable organic waste to a certain extent, and the cooling water and the waste permeate are discharged into the sewage network through the cooling water and permeate outlet, and then pyrolysis the crushed perishable organic waste, in which a user removes the crusher basket and pours the crushed perishable organic waste into the pyrolysis basket, and then places the pyrolysis basket in the pyrolysis unit. The solid heat transfer medium is filled so that it fully surrounds the crushed putrescible organic waste, and then the cover plate on the top of the pyrolysis housing is closed, the heating plate is turned on, and the temperature is raised to a certain level and maintained for a certain period of time, after which the putrescible organic waste is fully pyrolyzed. The gas generated during the pyrolysis process is discharged from the exhaust port of the pyrolysis unit into the pyrolysis gas pipeline, and the structural features of the pyrolysis device basket can be used to sift and separate the solid heat transfer medium, and the pyrolysis biochar can be periodically collected. At the same time as pyrolysis is being carried out, the condensation and cleaning unit is opened to condense and collect the low-boiling pyrolysis liquid in the pyrolysis gas, and the non-condensable gas components are treated in the exhaust gas absorption and cleaning device and discharged from the device. [Effects of the Invention]

[0020] The present invention achieves the following technical advantages over the prior art: The household putrescue waste disposal device and its method of use of the present invention can effectively dispose of putrescue waste on-site, reduce the collection and disposal costs required for traditional putrescue waste disposal modes, and achieve carbon sequestration and product recycling, with good economic, ecological and social benefits. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0021] In order to more clearly describe the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that need to be used in the embodiments are briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative efforts.

[0022] [Figure 1] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a household perishable waste disposal device of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] Hereinafter, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1: As shown in FIG. 1, this embodiment provides a household putrescible waste disposal device, which includes a crushing unit 1, a pyrolysis unit 2 and a condensate cleaning unit 3. The crushing unit 1 includes a crushing housing, a cooling water supply pipe 1-1, a crusher basket 1-2, a crusher 1-3, and a cooling water and permeate discharge port 1-5. The top of the crushing housing is open, and the cooling water supply pipe 1-1 is installed on one side of the top of the crushing housing. The crusher basket 1-2 is used to accommodate perishable organic waste 1-4 to be crushed. The crusher basket 1-2 is installed within the crushing housing, and the crusher 1-3 is installed within the crusher basket 1-2. The cooling water and permeate discharge port 1-5 is installed at the bottom of the crushing housing.

[0025] The pyrolysis unit 2 includes a pyrolysis housing, a pyrolysis basket 2-1, a solid heat transfer medium 2-2, a pyrolysis unit exhaust port 2-3, and a heating plate 2-4. The pyrolysis basket 2-1 is installed in the pyrolysis housing, and the heating plate 2-4 is installed at the bottom of the crushing housing. The solid heat transfer medium 2-2 is installed both in the pyrolysis housing and in the pyrolysis basket 2-1. The pyrolysis basket 2-1 is used to store crushed putrescible organic waste. The pyrolysis unit exhaust port 2-3 is installed on one side of the top of the pyrolysis housing, and the pyrolysis unit exhaust port 2-3 is connected to the condensation cleaning unit 3.

[0026] The condensation cleaning unit 3 includes a condensation housing, a pyrolysis gas pipeline 3-1, a condensation cleaning unit exhaust port 3-2, a condenser 3-3, a condensate receiving device 3-4, a residual exhaust gas discharge pipeline 3-5, and an exhaust gas absorption and cleaning device 3-6. The pyrolysis gas pipeline 3-1 and the condensation cleaning unit exhaust port 3-2 are installed on the top of the condensation housing. One end of the pyrolysis gas pipeline 3-1 is connected to the pyrolysis unit exhaust port 2-3, and the other end of the pyrolysis gas pipeline 3-1 passes through the condenser 3-3 and is connected to the condensate receiving device 3-4. The top of the condensate receiving device 3-4 is connected to one end of the residual exhaust gas discharge pipeline 3-5, and the other end of the residual exhaust gas discharge pipeline 3-5 extends to the bottom of the exhaust gas absorption and cleaning device 3-6, which is used to store condensate.

[0027] In this specific embodiment, the crushing housing is made of heat-resistant plastic and has a rectangular parallelepiped structure with length, width, and height of 25 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm. After the cover plate is opened, the crushing device 1-3 can be installed. The crushing device 1-3 includes crushing blades, a blade mounting rod, and a top mounting head. The crushing blades are attached to the outer wall of the blade mounting rods, and the top mounting head is attached to the top of the blade mounting rods, which is used to connect to a driving device. The crushing blades are propeller-shaped stainless steel blades with a total length of 10 cm at the bottom, and the crushing blade mounting rods are stainless steel rods with a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 15 cm. The top mounting head is connected to a power source, which rotates the crushing blades to cut and crush perishable waste. The crusher basket 1-2 is made of stainless steel, has a diameter of 20 cm, a height of 17 cm, and has round holes with a diameter of 0.5 cm evenly spaced at 3 cm intervals on its surface. The blade of the crusher 1-3 is attached and fixed to the center of the crusher basket 1-2, and the crusher basket 1-2 is hung inside the crushing unit 1 by a hook.

[0028] After the crushing basket and crusher 1-3 are installed, put perishable waste is placed in the basket, the cover is closed, cooling water is turned on, and the crusher 1-3 is started to crush the waste. The cooling water supply pipe 1-1 has a diameter of 2 cm and is connected to a household water faucet. Its outlet is located above the crusher basket 1-2. The cooling water is sprayed in along the tangential direction of the blade rotation, serving the role of cooling and cleaning. During the crushing process, the cooling water and waste seepage liquid are discharged into the sewer through the cooling water and seepage liquid outlet 1-5. The cooling water and seepage liquid outlet 1-5 is 2 cm in diameter and its lower end is directly connected to the sewer pipe with a plastic hose.

[0029] The pyrolysis housing is made of heat-resistant plastic. A retractable cover plate is attached to the top of the housing. The pyrolysis housing is a rectangular parallelepiped structure measuring 10cm x 30cm x 30cm in length, width, and height. The interior of the pyrolysis housing is lined with thermal insulation cotton. The top cover plate of the pyrolysis unit 2 is retractable and used to insert or remove the pyrolysis basket 2-1. The pyrolysis basket 2-1 is a rectangular mesh bag-like structure measuring 9cm x 28cm x 28cm in length, width, and height, with a hollow top and sealed perimeter and bottom. The mesh bag is made of stainless steel wire mesh with 5mm holes. The pyrolysis unit 2 is equipped with a solid heat transfer medium 2-2, which is sand with a particle size of less than 2mm.

[0030] After the putrescible waste is crushed in crushing unit 1, crusher basket 1-2 can be removed and the crushed putrescible waste in the crushing basket can be poured into the pyrolysis basket. Next, pyrolysis basket 2-1 is fixed to pyrolysis unit 2 with hooks, and the solid heat transfer medium 2-2 is filled around the crushed putrescible organic waste so that it is fully wrapped around it. The cover plate of pyrolysis unit 2 is then closed, and heating plate 2-4 is turned on. The temperature is raised to a certain level and maintained for a certain period of time, and the putrescible organic waste is fully pyrolyzed. Attached to the bottom of pyrolysis unit 2 is heating plate 2-4, which is 9cm long, 28cm wide, and 1cm thick, and is made of a stainless steel plate with built-in heating wires. During the pyrolysis process, after the top cover of the pyrolysis unit 2 is closed, the pyrolysis gas is discharged from the pyrolysis unit 2 only through the pyrolysis unit exhaust port 2-3, which is a heat-resistant plastic round tube with a diameter of 3 cm and a length of 2 cm inside the pyrolysis unit 2, and is covered with a mesh cover on the outside. The pyrolysis unit exhaust port 2-3 is connected to the pyrolysis gas pipe 3-1 in the condensation cleaning unit 3, and the generated gas is discharged from the pyrolysis unit exhaust port 2-3 to the pyrolysis gas pipe 3-1.

[0031] After pyrolysis is completed, the pyrolyzer basket 2-1 is removed from the pyrolysis unit 2. Due to gravity, the solid heat transfer medium 2-2, whose particle size is smaller than the mesh diameter of the pyrolyzer basket 2-1, falls from the basket. The pyrolyzed biochar 2-5, whose particle size is larger than 5 mm after pyrolysis, is blocked by the basket and removed from the device.

[0032] The condenser housing is made of heat-resistant plastic, and the condensation cleaning unit 3 has a cubic structure measuring 30 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm in length, width, and height. Simultaneously with pyrolysis, the condenser 3-3 is opened to condense and clean the pyrolysis gas. The pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis unit 2 enters the pyrolysis gas pipe 3-1 through the pyrolysis unit exhaust port 2-3 under heat and pressure. The pyrolysis gas pipe 3-1 is made of heat-resistant plastic and has an exhaust port connected to the condenser 3-3. The condenser 3-3 is a cylindrical glass condenser tube with a diameter of 5 cm and a length of 20 cm. The interior is a glass gas pipe with a diameter of 2 cm. The outer cylindrical, sealed cavity is the space for cooling water to enter and exit. The condenser 3-3 is connected to a water pipe, through which cooling water is supplied.

[0033] After entering the condenser 3-3, some of the components are cooled by the cooling water inside the condenser 3-3 and enter the condensate receiver, a conical glass bottle 8 cm high and 6 cm in diameter, with a residual exhaust gas discharge pipe 3-5 drilled into its side. After passing through the condensate receiver 3-4, the residual exhaust gas enters the exhaust gas absorption and cleaning device 3-6, a cylindrical glass container 10 cm in diameter and 8 cm high, 80% of whose volume is filled with tap water. After being absorbed and deodorized by the cleaning liquid, the exhaust gas enters the condensation and cleaning unit 3 and is discharged from the device through the condensation and cleaning unit exhaust port 3-2, a 3 cm diameter plastic tube.

[0034] Example 2: The present invention further discloses a method for using a household perishable waste treatment device according to the first embodiment, which involves first crushing the perishable organic waste. The user places the perishable organic waste generated in the home into the crusher basket 1-2, closes the top cover plate of the crusher housing, turns on the cooling water, and starts the crusher 1-3 to crush the perishable organic waste to a certain degree. The cooling water and the waste permeate are discharged into the sewage network through the cooling water and permeate outlet 1-5. Next, the crushed perishable organic waste is pyrolyzed. The user removes the crusher basket 1-2 and pours the crushed perishable organic waste into the pyrolysis basket 2-1. The pyrolysis basket 2-1 is then placed in the pyrolysis unit 2. The solid heat transfer medium 2-2 is filled so that it fully surrounds the crushed putrescible organic waste. Then, the cover plate on the top of the pyrolysis housing is closed, and the heating plate 2-4 is turned on. The temperature is raised to a certain level and maintained for a certain period of time, after which the putrescible organic waste is fully pyrolyzed. The gas generated during the pyrolysis process is discharged from the pyrolysis unit exhaust port 2-3 into the pyrolysis gas pipe 3-1. The structural features of the pyrolysis device basket 2-1 can be used to sift and separate the solid heat transfer medium 2-2, and the pyrolysis biochar 2-5 can be periodically collected. At the same time, the condensation and cleaning unit 3 is opened to condense and collect the low-boiling pyrolysis liquid in the pyrolysis gas. The non-condensable gas components are treated in the exhaust gas absorption and cleaning device 3-6 and then discharged from the device.

[0035] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the illustrative examples set forth above, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. Accordingly, in all respects, the examples are to be considered illustrative and not limiting, and the scope of the present invention is to be limited not by the above description but by the appended claims. It is therefore intended that all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalent elements of the claims be embraced therein, and that any reference signs in the claims should not be considered to limit the scope of the relevant claims.

[0036] Although the present specification uses specific examples to explain the principles and embodiments of the present invention, the explanation of the above examples is merely intended to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can change both the specific embodiments and the scope of application based on the spirit of the present invention. In summary, the contents of the specification should not be interpreted as limiting the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0037] 1 Crushing unit 2. Pyrolysis Unit 3 Condensation cleaning unit 1-1 Cooling water supply pipe 1-2 Crusher basket 1-3 Crushing equipment 1-4 Perishable organic waste to be crushed 1-5 Cooling water and permeate outlet 2-1 Pyrolysis device basket 2-2 Solid heat medium 2-3 Pyrolysis unit exhaust port 2-4 Heating plate 2-5 Pyrolytic biochar 3-1 Pyrolysis gas pipeline 3-2 Condensation cleaning unit exhaust port 3-3 Condenser 3-4 Condensate receiver 3-5 Residual exhaust gas discharge line 3-6 Exhaust gas absorption and cleaning equipment

Claims

1. A household putrescible waste disposal device, comprising: a crushing unit, a pyrolysis unit, and a condensate cleaning unit; The crushing unit includes a crushing housing, a cooling water supply pipe, a crusher basket, a crusher, and a cooling water and permeate discharge port. The top of the crushing housing is open, and the cooling water supply pipe is installed on one side of the upper part of the crushing housing. The crusher basket is used to accommodate perishable organic waste to be crushed. The crusher basket is installed in the crushing housing, and the crusher is installed in the crusher basket. The cooling water and permeate discharge port is installed on the bottom of the crushing housing. The pyrolysis unit includes a pyrolysis housing, a pyrolysis basket, a solid heat medium, a pyrolysis unit exhaust port and a heating plate, the pyrolysis basket is installed in the pyrolysis housing, a heating plate is installed at the bottom of the crushing housing, the solid heat medium is installed in both the pyrolysis housing and the pyrolysis basket, the pyrolysis basket is used to accommodate crushed putrescible organic waste, the pyrolysis unit exhaust port is installed at one side of the upper part of the pyrolysis housing, and the pyrolysis unit exhaust port is connected to the condensation cleaning unit, the condensate cleaning unit comprises a condensation housing, a pyrolysis gas pipeline, a condensate cleaning unit exhaust port, a condenser, a condensate receiving device, a residual exhaust gas discharge pipeline, and an exhaust gas absorbing and cleaning device; the pyrolysis gas pipeline and the condensate cleaning unit exhaust port are installed on the upper part of the condensation housing; one end of the pyrolysis gas pipeline is connected to the pyrolysis unit exhaust port, and the other end of the pyrolysis gas pipeline passes through the condenser and is connected to the condensate receiving device; the upper part of the condensate receiving device is connected to one end of the residual exhaust gas discharge pipeline, and the other end of the residual exhaust gas discharge pipeline extends to the bottom of the exhaust gas absorbing and cleaning device; the exhaust gas absorbing and cleaning device is used to store condensate; and the crushing housing, the pyrolysis housing, and the condensation housing are all made of heat-resistant plastic.

2. 2. The household putrescible waste disposal device according to claim 1, wherein the crushing housing and the pyrolysis housing are provided with releasable cover plates at their tops, respectively.

3. 2. The household putrescible waste disposal device according to claim 1, wherein the crushing device comprises a crushing blade, a blade mounting rod and a top mounting head, the crushing blade is mounted on the outer wall of the blade mounting rod, and the top mounting head is mounted on the top of the blade mounting rod, and the top mounting head is used for connecting to a driving device.

4. 2. The household putrescible waste disposal device according to claim 1, wherein the crusher basket has a cylindrical structure with an open top, and a plurality of holes are uniformly distributed at regular intervals on the surface of the crusher basket.

5. 2. The household perishable waste disposal device according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis basket is a mesh bag-like structure with an open top, and the pyrolysis basket is made of stainless steel wire mesh.

6. 2. The household perishable waste disposal device according to claim 1, wherein the solid heat medium is one or more of sand, kaolin, quartz sand, stone powder, yellow loam, or red loam with a particle size of less than 5 mm.

7. 2. The household putrescible waste disposal device of claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis housing is lined with a heat insulating material.

8. 2. The household putrescible waste disposal device of claim 1, wherein the condensate is tap water, sodium hydroxide, dilute hydrochloric acid, sodium bicarbonate, or ethanol.

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