Structure including ground improvement body and precast concrete plate, and construction method thereof

Abstract

To efficiently construct the first floor and spandrel walls of a building in the foundation structure of the building having a ground improvement body in which the surface ground has been improved. [Solution] The first floor F of a building is constructed using structural body A, which is formed by placing the surface 2A of a precast concrete plate 2 with protruding reinforcing bars T facing the top surface 1A of the ground improvement body 1 and filling the gap D1 between the ground improvement body 1 and the concrete plate 2 with filler material 4. The spandrel wall W of a building is constructed using structural body B, which is formed by placing the surface 3A of a precast concrete plate 3 with protruding reinforcing bars T facing the side surface 1B of the ground improvement body 1 and filling the gap D2 between the ground improvement body 1 and the concrete plate 3 with filler material 5. The precast concrete plates 2, 3 enable efficient construction of the first floor F and spandrel wall W of a building while reducing labor on site. This solves the problems of complicated and diverse management of cast-in-place concrete and longer construction periods.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a structure including a ground improvement body and a precast concrete slab. [Background technology]

[0002] There is a foundation structure for a building that includes a ground improvement body that has improved the surface ground and foundation concrete that has been poured on top of the ground improvement body. Such a foundation structure for a building has the following characteristics: it has a simple structure that reduces construction costs, it can suppress differential settlement and improve the bearing capacity of the entire foundation, and it is effective in preventing liquefaction of soil and sand during an earthquake due to its ground enclosure effect (see, for example, paragraph

[0002] of Patent Document 1).

[0003] On the other hand, the first floor of a building (see, for example, the concrete floor 5 in Figures 1 and 2 of Patent Document 1) and waist walls are constructed by producing ready-mixed concrete in an off-site plant, transporting it to the site, placing reinforcing bars on site, and then pouring the ready-mixed concrete into formwork assembled on site.

[0004] On the other hand, in the construction of high-rise reinforced concrete apartment buildings and ultra-high-rise reinforced concrete apartment buildings, there is a construction method in which so-called half-PC panels, which are precast concrete panels manufactured in a factory, are laid on the construction floor with the side with protruding reinforcing bars such as trusses facing up, and then fresh concrete is poured on top of them (see, for example, paragraph

[0002] of Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6436256 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-13682 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] As mentioned above, the construction of first floor floors and waist walls of buildings using cast-in-place concrete poses the challenge of complex and diverse management of cast-in-place concrete, including quality control of the concrete itself until the ready-mixed concrete is poured on site (including transportation time and the natural environment (variations in temperature and weather, etc.)), management of the concrete's filling ability while pouring, management of the finished surface after pouring, and curing. Furthermore, because rebar work, formwork work, and plastering work are required on-site, this, combined with a labor shortage, poses the challenge of longer construction periods.

[0007] The present invention aims to enable efficient construction of the first floor and spandrel walls of a building's foundation structure, which has a ground improvement body that has improved the surface ground. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The structure including the ground improvement body and the precast concrete plate according to the present invention has a surface on which the reinforcing bars of the precast concrete plate are protruding from the surface of the ground improvement body. 、 or Precast concrete panels are made by adding unevenness using checkered steel plates when manufacturing concrete panels in advance at a factory. The structure is formed by placing the roughened surfaces opposite each other and filling the space between the ground improvement body and the precast concrete plate with filler, and is used to construct the first floor of a building or the waist wall of a building.

[0009] The construction method of the present invention for a structure including a ground improvement body and a precast concrete plate includes the steps of: improving the surface ground and placing the ground improvement body; leveling and compacting the portion below the soil on the top surface of the ground improvement body; and placing the surface of the precast concrete plate where the reinforcing bars are protruding. 、 or Precast concrete panels are made by adding unevenness using checkered steel plates when manufacturing concrete panels in advance at a factory. The method includes the steps of installing the precast concrete plate at a predetermined position spaced apart from the upper surface so that the roughened surface faces the upper surface, and filling the space between the ground improvement body and the precast concrete plate with filler material, thereby constructing the first floor of a building.

[0010] In addition, the construction method of the present invention for a structure including a ground improvement body and a precast concrete plate includes the steps of improving the surface ground and placing the ground improvement body, excavating the roots to install the precast concrete plate and forming the required side surface of the ground improvement body, and forming the surface of the precast concrete plate with the reinforcing bars protruding therefrom. 、 or The precast concrete plate is made by adding unevenness to the concrete plate with a checkered steel plate or the like when manufacturing the concrete plate in advance at a factory. The method includes the steps of installing the precast concrete plate at a predetermined position away from the side surface so that the roughened surface faces the side surface, and filling the space between the ground improvement body and the precast concrete plate with a filler material, thereby constructing a waist wall of a building. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the structure including the ground improvement body and the precast concrete plate of the present invention and the construction method of the structure including the ground improvement body and the precast concrete plate of the present invention, the surface of the ground improvement body is provided with the reinforcing bars of the precast concrete plate protruding therefrom. 、 or Precast concrete panels are made by adding unevenness using checkered steel plates when manufacturing concrete panels in advance at a factory. The roughened surfaces are placed facing each other, and the gap between the ground improvement body and the precast concrete slabs is filled with filler to construct the first floor or spandrel wall of a building. Therefore, in the foundation structure of a building with a ground improvement body that has improved the surface ground, the precast concrete slabs can be used to efficiently construct the first floor or spandrel wall of the building while reducing labor on site. This solves the problems of complicated and diverse management of cast-in-place concrete and the longer construction period. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] A vertical cross-sectional view showing a structure including a ground improvement body and a precast concrete plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of the structure. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view showing a main part of the structure. [Figure 4]This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an example of a construction method for a structure including a ground improvement body and a precast concrete plate that will be used to construct the waist wall of a building, and shows the precast concrete plate in place. [Figure 5] Figure 4 shows the state in which filler material has been filled between the ground improvement body and the precast concrete plate. [Figure 6] This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an example of a construction method for a structure including a ground improvement body and precast concrete panels that will be used to construct the first floor of a building, showing the precast concrete panels in a temporary installation state. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 6. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the precast concrete plate after installation. [Figure 9] This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing another example of a construction method for a structure including ground improvement bodies and precast concrete panels that form the first floor of a building, showing the state in which the precast concrete panels are installed on spacer blocks and formwork is installed. [Figure 10] Figure 9 shows the state in which filler has been filled between the ground improvement body and the precast concrete plate using an injection machine. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] The "precast concrete plate" of the present invention is a flat rectangular concrete plate that is pre-manufactured in a factory (including an on-site factory), and one side of the plate has protruding reinforcing bars such as trusses, or a roughened surface created by adding irregularities using checkered steel plates or the like when manufacturing the concrete plate.

[0014] When one side of the "precast concrete plate" of the present invention has the reinforcing bars protruding from it, the "precast concrete plate" is a so-called half PC plate. When one side of the "precast concrete plate" of the present invention has the roughened surface, the required unevenness is formed on one side of the "precast concrete plate".

[0015] The "filler" of the present invention is concrete, mortar, grout, and the like.

[0016] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following embodiments, one side 2A, 3A of each of precast concrete plates 2, 3 is a surface on which reinforcing bars T such as truss bars are provided to protrude.

[0017] [Ground improvement body] The ground improvement body 1 having the required shape shown in Figure 1-3 is made by improving the soil of the surface ground G below the ground surface GL. After adding and mixing the soil and solidification materials such as cement-based solidification materials, the soil is compacted using heavy machinery and rollers.

[0018] The shape of the ground improvement body 1 shown in Figure 1-3 is the shape after excavation of the required area of the ground improvement body 1 in order to install a structure B including the ground improvement body 1 and a precast concrete plate 3, which will construct the waist wall W of the building.

[0019] [Structure including ground improvement body and precast concrete plate]

[0020] Structure A, which includes ground improvement body 1 and precast concrete plate 2 shown in Figure 1-3, is constructed by placing surface 2A, on which reinforcing bars T of precast concrete plate 2 protrude, opposite top surface 1A of ground improvement body 1, and filling material 4 between ground improvement body 1 and precast concrete plate 2 and filling D1. Structure A, which includes ground improvement body 1 and precast concrete plate 2, forms the first floor F of a building. The precast concrete plate 2, which is installed at the corner where steel column C is located in Figure 3, has any parts that interfere with steel column C cut out in the factory or on site.

[0021] The structure B including the ground improvement body 1 and precast concrete plate 3 shown in Figure 1-3 is constructed by placing the surface 3A of the precast concrete plate 3, on which the reinforcing bars T protrude, opposite the side surface 1B of the ground improvement body 1, and filling the space D2 between the ground improvement body 1 and the precast concrete plate 3 with filler material 5. The structure B including the ground improvement body 1 and the precast concrete plate 3 constructs the waist wall W of the building.

[0022] [Example of construction method (how to build a spandrel wall) for a structure including ground improvement bodies and precast concrete panels]

[0023] (Excavation of soil improvement body) After the ground improvement, the required area of the ground improvement body 1 is excavated to provide a structure B including the ground improvement body 1 and precast concrete plates 3, which will construct the spandrel wall W of the building. That is, the roots are cut using a backhoe and the required side surfaces 1B are formed, resulting in the shape of the ground improvement body 1 shown in Figure 4.

[0024] (Preparation for installation of precast concrete slabs) As shown in Figure 4, basin concrete 6 is poured, and the position where the precast concrete plate 3 will be installed on the surface of the basin concrete 6 is marked out. Based on the layout of the precast concrete plate 3, height adjustment bolts 7 and fixing angles 8 are installed.

[0025] (Installation of precast concrete panels) The precast concrete plate 3 is lifted by a lifting machine using an eyebolt 9 attached to the upper edge of the precast concrete plate 3. The height is adjusted using the height adjustment bolts 7, and the precast concrete plate 3 is installed at a predetermined position away from the side surface 1B of the ground improvement body 1 so that the surface 3A with the reinforcing bars T protruding from it faces the side surface 1B of the ground improvement body 1. The lower end of the precast concrete plate 3 and the fixing angle 8 are connected and fixed with bolts.

[0026] After driving turnbuckle fixing steel bars 10 into the upper surface 1C of the ground improvement body 1, the upper part of the precast concrete plate 3 is fixed with fixing turnbuckles 11.

[0027] (Connection of precast concrete panels) The upper and lower ends of adjacent precast concrete plates 3 are fixed together using connecting hardware and bolts.

[0028] (Filling of filler material) As shown in Figure 5, filler 5 is filled into the space D2 between the side surface 1B of the ground improvement body 1 and the precast concrete plate 3. In addition, lower holding filler 12 is poured outside the lower end of the precast concrete plate 3.

[0029] When constructing the first floor F using ordinary concrete flooring rather than using a structure A including a ground improvement body 1 and a precast concrete plate 2 as shown in Figure 2-3, floor ties extending above the upper surface 1A of the ground improvement body 1 are installed on the precast concrete plate 3.

[0030] (Treatment of joints) Sealing is performed on the joints between adjacent precast concrete plates 3.

[0031] As described above, the construction method for the structure B including the ground improvement body 1 and precast concrete panel 3 that construct the waist wall W of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps (1)-(4).

[0032] (1) A process of improving the surface ground G and placing the ground improvement body 1 (2) A process of cutting the roots to install the precast concrete plate 3 and forming the required side surface 1B of the ground improvement body 1. (3) A process of installing the precast concrete plate 3 at a predetermined position away from the side surface 1B so that the surface 3A on which the reinforcing bars T of the precast concrete plate 3 are protruding faces the side surface 1B. (4) A step of filling the gap D2 between the ground improvement body 1 and the precast concrete plate 3 with the filler 5

[0033] [Major effects of constructing spandrel wall W using structure B including ground improvement body 1 and precast concrete plate 3]

[0034] The surface 3A of the precast concrete plate 3, from which reinforcing bars T protrude, faces the side surface 1B of the ground improvement body 1, and the space D2 between the ground improvement body 1 and the precast concrete plate 3 is filled with filler material 5 to construct the spandrel wall W of the building using a structure B. Therefore, in the foundation structure of a building having a ground improvement body 1 in which the surface ground G has been improved, the precast concrete plate 3 can be used to efficiently construct the spandrel wall W of the building while saving labor on site.

[0035] In addition, since the filler material 5 is bonded to the surface 3A of the precast concrete plate 3 where the reinforcing bars T protrude, the bond strength between the precast concrete plate 3 and the filler material 5 is increased. Furthermore, since the ground improvement body 1 is installed on the back surface of the spandrel wall W, no earth pressure is generated on the precast concrete plate 3, so the amount of reinforcement and concrete thickness of the precast concrete plate 3 can be reduced, thereby reducing the amount of material. In particular, in the case of a raised floor type such as a logistics warehouse, the effect of reducing the amount of reinforcement and concrete is significant.

[0036] [Example of construction method for a structure including ground improvement bodies and precast concrete panels (method for constructing the first floor)]

[0037] (Straightening and compaction of ground improvement bodies) After the ground improvement, the portion below the earthen floor of the upper surface 1A of the ground improvement body 1 shown in FIG. 6 is subjected to leveling and compaction.

[0038] (Preparation for installation of precast concrete slabs) Based on the layout of the precast concrete plates 2, spacer blocks 13 are placed at predetermined positions at the joints of adjacent precast concrete plates 2. Formwork 14 is installed along and surrounding the spacer blocks 13. The spacer blocks 13 are made of concrete, for example, but may be made of materials other than concrete. The formwork 14 is made of wood, for example, but may be made of materials other than wood.

[0039] In addition, at the point where the precast concrete plate 2 contacts the precast concrete plate 3 as shown in Figure 2-3, the precast concrete plate 3 can be used in place of the formwork 14, so the formwork 14 is not necessary.

[0040] (Pouring filling material) The filler 4 is poured along the formwork 14. The height of the top of the poured material is set slightly higher than the spacer blocks 13.

[0041] (Temporary installation of precast concrete panels) Within the time allowed for re-vibration after pouring the filler 4, the precast concrete plate 2 is lifted by a lifting machine using a lifting tool 15, as shown in Figure 6-7. The precast concrete plate 2 is temporarily placed so that the surface 2A on which the reinforcing bars T are protruding faces the upper surface 1A of the ground improvement body 1.

[0042] (Installation of precast concrete panels) With the precast concrete plate 2 temporarily installed as shown in Figure 6-7, it is quickly vibrated using a vibrating roller. As a result, the precast concrete plate 2 is placed in close contact with the filler material 4, and is placed in a position in contact with the spacer block 13 as shown in Figure 8. With the precast concrete plate 2 placed at a predetermined height in this way, the filler material 4 is filled in the space D1 between the top surface 1A of the ground improvement body 1 and the surface 2A of the precast concrete plate 2 where the reinforcing bars T protrude. After the filler material 4 has hardened, the formwork 14 is removed.

[0043] (Treatment of joints) Sealing is performed on the joints between adjacent precast concrete plates 2.

[0044] By going through the above steps, it is possible to construct a first floor F using a structure A including a ground improvement body 1 and a precast concrete plate 2, as shown in Figure 2-3, for example.

[0045] [Another example of construction method for a structure including ground improvement bodies and precast concrete slabs (method for constructing the first floor)]

[0046] (Straightening and compaction of ground improvement bodies) After the ground improvement, the portion below the earthen floor of the upper surface 1A of the ground improvement body 1 shown in FIG. 9 is subjected to leveling and compaction.

[0047] (Preparation for installation of precast concrete slabs) Based on the layout of the precast concrete plates 2, spacer blocks 13 are placed at predetermined positions at the joints of adjacent precast concrete plates 2.

[0048] (Installation of precast concrete panels) The precast concrete plate 2 is lifted by a lifting machine using a lifting tool similar to the lifting tool 15 in Figure 6-7, and the precast concrete plate 2 is placed on the spacer block 13 so that the surface 2A with the protruding reinforcing bars T faces the upper surface 1A of the ground improvement body 1, as shown in Figure 9, and then the lifting tool is removed.

[0049] (Preparation for pouring filler) As shown in Figure 9, formwork 14 is installed along and surrounding the spacer blocks 13. Note that in the area where the precast concrete plate 2 contacts the precast concrete plate 3, as shown in Figure 2-3, the precast concrete plate 3 can be used in place of the formwork 14, making the formwork 14 unnecessary.

[0050] (Pouring filling material) As shown in Figures 10-11, using an injection machine E, filler 4 is filled into the space D1 between the upper surface 1A of the ground improvement body 1 and the surface 2A of the precast concrete plate 2 on which the reinforcing bars T protrude. After the filler 4 has hardened, the formwork 14 is removed.

[0051] (Treatment of joints) Sealing is performed on the joints between adjacent precast concrete plates 2.

[0052] By going through the above steps, it is possible to construct a first floor F using a structure A including a ground improvement body 1 and a precast concrete plate 2, as shown in Figure 2-3, for example.

[0053] As described above, the construction method for a structure A including a ground improvement body 1 and a precast concrete panel 2 for constructing the first floor F of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps (1)-(4).

[0054] (1) A process of improving the surface ground G and placing the ground improvement body 1 (2) The process of leveling and compacting the lower part of the soil floor on the upper surface 1A of the ground improvement body 1. (3) A process of installing the precast concrete plate 2 at a predetermined position separated from the upper surface 1A so that the surface 2A on which the reinforcing bars T of the precast concrete plate 2 are protruding faces the upper surface 1A. (4) A process of filling the gap D1 between the ground improvement body 1 and the precast concrete plate 2 with the filler 4

[0055] [Major effects of constructing first floor F using structure A including ground improvement body 1 and precast concrete slab 2]

[0056] The surface 2A of the precast concrete plate 2, from which reinforcing bars T protrude, faces the upper surface 1A of the ground improvement body 1, and the gap D1 between the ground improvement body 1 and the precast concrete plate 2 is filled with filler material 4 to construct the first floor F of the building using a structure A. Therefore, in the foundation structure of a building having a ground improvement body 1 in which the surface ground G has been improved, the precast concrete plate 2 can be used to efficiently construct the first floor F of the building while saving labor on site.

[0057] In addition, the filler 4 is bonded to the surface 2A of the precast concrete plate 2 where the reinforcing bars T protrude, increasing the bond strength between the precast concrete plate 2 and the filler 4. Furthermore, because the precast concrete plate 2 is installed above the ground improvement body 1 via the filler 4, unevenness or misalignment of the precast concrete plate 2 does not occur, and the amount of reinforcement and concrete thickness of the precast concrete plate 2 can be reduced, allowing for a reduction in the amount of materials used.

[0058] The above description of the embodiments is given by way of example only and is not intended to be limiting, and various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0059] 1 Ground improvement body 1A top 1B Side 1C Top 2,3 Precast concrete board 2A, 3A Reinforcement bars protruding from one side 4,5 Filler 6. Discarded concrete 7 Height adjustment bolt 8 Fixing angle 9 eyebolts 10 Turnbuckle fixing rebar 11 Fixing turnbuckle 12 Lower pressure filler 13 Spacer Block 14 Formwork 15 Hanging equipment A, B Structure including ground improvement body and precast concrete plate C Steel column D1, D2 Between the ground improvement body and the precast concrete plate E injection machine F first floor G Surface ground GL ground surface T reinforcement W waist wall

Claims

1. On the surface of the ground improvement body, The surface of a precast concrete plate with protruding reinforcing bars, or The rough surface of a precast concrete plate, which is made by adding unevenness using checkered steel plates etc. when manufacturing the concrete plate in advance at the factory. and A structure in which a filler material is filled between the ground improvement body and the precast concrete plate, Constructing the first floor of a building or constructing a waist wall of a building, A structure including ground improvement bodies and precast concrete panels.

2. A process of improving the surface ground and placing a ground improvement body; A step of leveling and compacting the lower part of the soil on the upper surface of the ground improvement body; a step of placing the precast concrete plate at a predetermined position spaced apart from the upper surface so that the surface of the precast concrete plate on which the reinforcing bars are protruding or the roughened surface of the precast concrete plate, which is made uneven with a checkered steel plate or the like when manufacturing the concrete plate in a factory, faces the upper surface; A step of filling a filler between the ground improvement body and the precast concrete plate; Including, Constructing the first floor of a building, A construction method for a structure including ground improvement bodies and precast concrete slabs.

3. A process of improving the surface ground and placing a ground improvement body; A step of performing root cutting for installing precast concrete plates and forming the required side surfaces of the ground improvement body; a step of placing the precast concrete plate at a predetermined position away from the side surface so that the surface of the precast concrete plate on which the reinforcing bars are protruding or the roughened surface of the precast concrete plate, which is made uneven with a checkered steel plate or the like when manufacturing the concrete plate in a factory, faces the side surface; A step of filling a filler between the ground improvement body and the precast concrete plate; Including, Constructing the waist walls of buildings, A construction method for a structure including ground improvement bodies and precast concrete slabs.

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