Dividers and divider plates

Abstract

The present invention relates to an object transport system comprising a divider plate having an array of openings and a plurality of dividers, each of the dividers having an elongated throat connecting a head to a divider base, the divider base being positioned for insertion into one of the openings.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to the transportation of goods and cargo, and more particularly to assemblies used to contain, separate and protect such goods and cargo. [Background technology]

[0002] Containers for transporting objects have packaging materials, such as styrofoam pellets and bubble wrap, to hold the objects in place and prevent damage. Typically, for cross-continental shipments, the packaging materials are disposed of at the destination due to the high cost of return shipping. Therefore, traditional packaging materials are not environmentally friendly and shipping companies incur high costs for constantly purchasing and storing them. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] Therefore, there is a need for improved packaging materials that overcome these problems. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention relates to an object transport system comprising a divider plate having an array of openings and a plurality of dividers, each of said dividers having an elongated throat connecting a head to a divider base, the divider base being arranged to be inserted into one of said openings.

[0005] The divider plate may be a separate item that can be placed in the box / container. Alternatively, the divider plate may be permanently fixed within the box. In a further alternative, the divider plate may be an assembly of plates.

[0006] Each divider may have a head, which may be circular in plan view. The dividers may be configured to act as separators by placing several dividers in specific locations to form groups. These groups of dividers may be arranged in a range of shapes to accommodate the shape and number of goods being transported. By forming the groups into any type of shape and size, they can take on the shape of the product and be arranged in an area surrounding the product. Thus, the dividers described herein exhibit flexibility and modularity in packing. In one embodiment, the dividers may be positionable to collectively define an enclosure for the object. In one embodiment, the heads of the dividers may be shaped to accommodate a close-packed arrangement. In a further embodiment, the openings may be a close-packed arrangement. For example, the openings may be circular or polygonal.

[0007] The divider head may be shaped to accept an end effector configured to rotate the divider. During packaging and shipping, an object may be contacted by multiple divider heads. Therefore, the shape, size, and surface texture of the head may vary depending on the object. The head may be small and compact to accommodate larger objects and not block adjacent openings. The head may be shaped to allow the divider head to transmit force across the divider plate or to the container wall. For example, the head may have a circular planar cross-section. A spherical head with a smooth surface texture may reduce the possibility of damage to the object or entanglement between dividers. Alternatively, the head may have an equivalent cross-section. The head may have a circumference that is milled, fluted, has an external polygonal shape, or has an internal polygonal shape.

[0008] The divider may be elongate with a throat portion extending away from a base and terminating in a head. The throat of the divider may be shaped to have varying bending stiffness along its length.

[0009] Each divider may be a one-piece device and may include a base with a protrusion for insertion into an opening in the divider plate. For example, the divider base may have an inverted frusto-conical shape. The divider base and opening may be cooperatively shaped for either a snap-fit, bayonet-fit, or screw-fit insertion. The divider may further provide a means for release.

[0010] According to one embodiment, the divider base has an H-beam cross section. The H-beam resists lateral loads applied to the divider. The divider base can include a trunk and two legs connected to the trunk. Each leg can include a depressible tab and a wedge. The tabs are movable between an extended position and a compressed position. When the divider is inserted into the neck through an opening in the divider plate, the tabs are depressed to the compressed position. With further insertion, the tabs enter the void and move to the extended position. In this embodiment, the divider is symmetrical, so the orientation of the divider on the divider plate is not important.

[0011] A divider removal device can be used to release the divider. As the divider is pushed further into the opening, the wedge is depressed by the neck of the opening. The tab moves into the receiving end of the divider removal device and retracts into a squeeze position, thereby releasing the divider from the divider plate. Alternatively, the device can have a ramp positioned to directly contact and move the tab into the squeeze position.

[0012] In another embodiment, the divider base can include a rigid tab and a bendably depressible tab. In this arrangement, the dividers can be oriented in the same direction across the divider plate. In a preferred embodiment, the tabs can complementarily engage recesses in the openings.

[0013] The tabs may allow for selective removal and therefore reuse of the divider. The tabs may also be useful for automated insertion and removal.

[0014] The divider may be relatively flexible to provide cushioning for the transported items. Low glass transition temperature polymers, such as polypropylene (PP) or high-density polyethylene (HDPE), allow the divider to bend repeatedly without breaking, thus increasing durability and reducing cost. Depending on the application, the material may have a glass transition temperature just below ambient conditions and therefore have some rigidity up to a glass transition temperature well below ambient. For highly resilient applications, the divider may be made from polyoxymethylene (POM) or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). For softer applications, the divider may be made from an elastomer such as polypropylene, polyethylene, or rubber. It will be understood that each portion of a single divider may be made from each material. For example, the divider head, or portions thereof, may be made from a more resilient material (POM) surrounded by a softer material (elastomer). This can be achieved by a co-injection molding process or by chemically or mechanically attaching the flexible member to the head.

[0015] The divider may be injection molded, although certain embodiments where tolerances are less critical may allow for other forms of manufacturing.

[0016] The height of the dividers may be in the range of 25 to 50 mm. Alternatively, they may be in the range of 50 to 75 mm. Other suitable heights are also applicable.

[0017] The object transport system may further include flexible straps for connecting two or more dividers on the plate. The straps help hold larger objects close to the divider plate, further minimizing movement of the objects during transport.

[0018] According to one embodiment, the container can include a hook system that can engage with voids on the divider plate. The hook system can be integrally molded into the container, preferably the side wall of the container. Alternatively, the container can include a ledge that can engage with the side of the divider plate. The divider plate can have a resilient member that exerts a force against the container wall to hold the plate in place.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a divider having an elongated throat connecting a head to a divider base, which may be shaped to insert into an opening in a divider plate. The head may be shaped to accommodate a close-packed arrangement. In one embodiment, the divider base may include an H-beam cross section. In another embodiment, the divider base may include two legs. Each leg may include a depressible tab and a wedge or ridge.

[0020] In a third aspect, the present invention relates to a method for manipulating a divider within an opening in a divider plate, the method including the steps of: the divider having a depressible tab; inserting a divider base into a neck of the opening, the neck depressing the depressible tab from an extended position to a squeezed position; and further inserting the divider base into a void and causing the tab to resiliently move to an extended position within the void, thereby locking the divider in the opening. In one embodiment, the method can further include the steps of inserting a divider removal device into the void; pulling the depressible tab back to a squeezed position; and retracting the divider.

[0021] It is understood that the various embodiments relating to the head, throat, and base can be interchanged to form different dividers and still be within the scope of the present invention. The various embodiments relating to the aperture and divider plate can be interchanged to form different divider plates. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0022] [Figure 1A] FIG. 10 is a side view of a snap-fit divider. [Figure 1B] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a bayonet divider. [Figure 2A] FIG. 10 is an enlarged side view of the insert divider. [Figure 2B] FIG. 10 is an enlarged perspective view of the insert divider. [Figure 2C] FIG. 10 is an enlarged perspective view of the divider plate opening. [Figure 2D] FIG. 10 is an enlarged bottom view of the divider plate opening. [Figure 2E] FIG. 10 is an enlarged isometric cross-sectional view of the bayonet divider in the opening in the unlocked position. [Figure 2F] FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the bayonet divider in the opening in the unlocked position. [Figure 2G] FIG. 10 is an enlarged isometric cross-sectional view of the bayonet divider in the opening in the locked position. [Figure 2H] FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the insert divider in the opening in the locked position. [Figure 3A] FIG. 10 is an enlarged bottom view of two divider plate openings, with a divider inserted in the top opening and the bottom opening empty. [Figure 3B] FIG. 10 is a bottom view of a cross section of a divider plate. [Figure 4A] FIG. 10 is a top view of the divider plate. [Figure 4B] FIG. 10 is a bottom view of the divider plate. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a hook system within a container. [Figure 6A]FIG. 10 is a top view of a grooved divider. [Figure 6B] FIG. 10 is a side view of a grooved divider. [Figure 6C] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a grooved divider. [Figures 7A-7B] FIG. 10 is a side view of a snap-fit divider. [Figure 7C-7D] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a snap-fit divider. [Figure 7E] FIG. 10 is a top view of a snap-fit divider. [Figure 7F] FIG. 10 is a bottom view of the snap-fit divider. [Figure 7G] FIG. 1 is a general assembly diagram of a snap-fit divider. [Figure 8A] FIG. 10 is a top view of a divider plate having openings. [Figure 8B] FIG. 10 is a bottom view of a divider plate with openings. [Figure 8C-8D] 1A and 1B are perspective views of the top and bottom of a divider plate, respectively. [Figure 9A] FIG. 10 is a side view of two dividers inserted onto a divider plate. [Figure 9B] FIG. 10 is a bottom view of two dividers inserted onto a divider plate. [Figure 9C] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of four dividers inserted onto a divider plate. [Figure 10A] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the top surface of a divider plate without through holes. [Figure 10B] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the bottom of a divider plate without through holes. [Figures 10C-10D] 10A and 10B are perspective views of the top and bottom surfaces of a divider plate having through holes and corner protrusions, respectively. [Figure 10E] FIG. 1 is a general assembly diagram of a divider plate. [Figures 11A-11B] FIG. [Figures 11C-11D] FIG. 11C is a perspective view of the divider of FIGS. 11A and 11B. [Figure 11E]FIG. 11B is a top view of the divider of FIGS. 11A to 11D. [Figure 11F] FIG. 11B is a bottom view of the divider of FIGS. 11A to 11E. [Figure 11G] FIG. 11B is a general assembly diagram of the divider of FIGS. 11A-11F. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a divider having a buffer strip. [Figure 13A] FIG. 10 is a side view of a divider with buffer strips. [Figures 13B-13C] 1A and 1B are top and bottom views, respectively, of a divider with buffer strips. [Figure 14-15] 1A and 1B are perspective and top views, respectively, of an object having a divider on a divider plate within a container. [Figure 16] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an object having dividers and straps on a divider plate. [Figures 17A-17B] FIG. [Figures 17C-17D] FIG. 17C is a perspective view of the divider of FIGS. 17A-17B. [Figure 18A] FIG. 17B is a top view of the divider of FIGS. 17A to 17D. [Figure 18B] FIG. 18 is a bottom view of the divider of FIGS. 17A-17D. [Figure 19] FIG. 16 is a general assembly diagram of the divider of FIGS. 17A-17D and 18A-18B. [Figure 20A] FIG. 1 is a top view of a divider plate integrated with a container. [Figure 20B] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hexagonal opening. [Figure 21A] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a divider plate having hexagonal openings. [Figure 21B] FIG. 1 is a general assembly diagram of a divider plate with hexagonal openings. [Figure 22] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automatic divider assembly. [Figures 23A-23B] FIG. [Figures 23C-23E] FIG. 23C is a perspective view of the divider of FIGS. 23A-23B. [Figure 24A] FIG. 23B is a top view of the divider of FIGS. 23A to 23E. [Figure 24B] FIG. 23B is a bottom view of the divider of FIGS. 23A to 23E. [Figure 25] FIG. 23A is a general assembly diagram of the divider of FIGS. 23A-23E and 24A-24B. [Figure 26] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a divider base. [Figure 27.29.31A] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cup and divider within a container. [Figure 28.30.31B] FIG. 1 is a plan view of the cup and divider in the container. [Figure 32A-32B] 1 is a photograph of a divider and an object on a divider subplate. [Figure 33] FIG. [Fig. 34.35A-35D] FIG. [Figure 36A-36B] This is a photo of a divider. [Figure 37-38] FIG. [Figure 39] FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of the divider base. [Figure 40] FIG. 10 is an enlarged perspective view of two dividers inserted into a divider plate. [Figure 41] FIG. 1 is a top view of a divider plate integrated with a container. [Figure 42] 1 is a schematic diagram of an opening disposed on a divider plate. [Figure 43A-43B] FIG. [Figure 43C-43D] FIG. 43C is a perspective view of the divider of FIGS. 43A-43B. [Figure 43E] FIG. 43B is a top view of the divider of FIGS. 43A to 43D. [Figure 43F] FIG. 43B is a bottom view of the divider of FIGS. 43A to 43E. [Figure 44] FIG. [Figure 45] FIG. 45 is a top view of the divider of FIG. 44. [Figure 46] FIG. 46 is a side view of the divider of FIGS. 44-45. [Figure 47A] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a pump and a divider within a container. [Figure 47B] FIG. 10 is a top view of the pump and divider on the divider plate in the vessel. [Figure 48A] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a hard disk and a divider in a container. [Figure 48B] FIG. 10 is a top view of the hard disks and dividers on the divider plate in the container. [Figure 49A] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a muffler and divider within the container. [Figure 49B] FIG. 10 is a top view of a muffler and divider on a divider plate in a vessel. [Figure 50] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cup and divider within a container. [Figure 51A] FIG. [Figure 51B] FIG. 51B is a perspective view of the divider of FIG. 51A. [Figure 51C] FIG. 51C is a side view of the forces exerted on the divider of FIGS. 51A-51B. [Figure 52A] FIG. [Figure 52B] FIG. 52B is a bottom view of the divider of FIG. 52A. [Figure 52C] FIG. 52C is a perspective view of the force exerted on the tabs of the divider of FIGS. 52A-52B. [Figure 52D] FIG. [Figure 52E] FIG. 52E is a bottom view of the divider of FIG. 52D. [Figure 52F] FIG. 52D-52E is a perspective view of the divider. [Figure 52G] FIG. 52D-52F is a perspective view of the divider of FIGS. 52D-52F inserted into an opening. [Figure 53A] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an opening in a divider plate. [Figure 53B] FIG. 53B is a cross-sectional view of the opening of FIG. 53A. [Figure 54A]10 is a cross-sectional view of an opening in a divider plate with a divider and a divider removal device. FIG. [Figure 54B] FIG. 54B is a perspective view of the opening and divider removal device of FIG. 54A. [Figure 54C] FIG. 54C is a side view of the opening and divider removal device of FIG. 54B. [Figure 54D] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an opening in a divider plate. [Figure 54E] FIG. 54E is a perspective view of the opening of FIG. 54D. [Figure 54F] FIG. 54E is a cross-sectional view of the opening of FIG. 54E with the divider of FIG. 52D. [Figure 55A] FIG. 10 is a side view of a divider inserted into an opening in a portion of a divider plate. [Figure 55B] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a divider inserted into an opening in a portion of a divider plate. [Figure 56] FIG. 10 is a side view of a divider with a threaded base. [Figure 57A] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a threaded opening in a portion of a divider plate. [Figure 57B] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a threaded opening on a portion of a divider plate. [Figure 58A] FIG. 10 is an enlarged isometric cross-sectional view of a threaded divider inserted into a threaded opening. [Figure 58B] FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a threaded divider inserted into a threaded opening. [Figure 58C] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a threaded divider inserted into a threaded opening. [Figure 59] FIG. 10 is a bottom view of the divider plate. [Figure 60A] FIG. [Figure 60B] FIG. [Figure 61] FIG. 1 is a side view of a container with a divider plate. [Figure 62] FIG. 1 is a side view of a vessel with a divider plate, column supports, and two divider plates. [Figures 63A, 64A, and 65A] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an object and a divider placed on a divider plate within a container. [Figure 63B.64B.65B] FIG. 1 is a plan view of an object and a divider placed on a divider plate in a container. [Figure 66A] FIG. 65C is a top view of the divider plate of FIG. 65B divided into modular sub-divider plates. [Figure 66B] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a subdivider plate. [Figure 66C] FIG. 66C is a top view of the subdivider plate of FIG. 66B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] The divider is relatively flexible so as to provide a cushioning effect for the transported items. To this end, suitable materials include polyoxymethylene (POM), polypropylene, and polyethylene. Other suitable materials are also applicable.

[0024] Each divider is a unitary device and includes a divider base having a protrusion for insertion into an opening in the divider plate. The protrusion can allow for selective removal, thus allowing the divider to be reused. The protrusion can also be useful for automated insertion and removal. The divider is elongated, with a throat portion extending away from the base and terminating in a head.

[0025] The divider may be injection molded, although certain embodiments where tolerances are less critical may allow for other forms of manufacturing.

[0026] Divider There are various means by which the dividers can be inserted into the divider plate, varying by options including: (a) Snap-fit (see Figure 1A) (b) Snap-fit (see Figure 1B) (c) Thread fitting (d) Any other appropriate means. The divider may further comprise means for removal.

[0027] Snap-fit divider 100 (FIG. 1A) includes two tabs 110 that extend beyond divider base 111. When divider 100 is pressed 113 into opening 112, tabs 110 are pushed down to fit into opening 112 and then pushed outward to lock divider 100 in place. When tabs 110 are pressed together from below, they disengage from openings 112 and release divider 100. Viewed from the bottom up, snap-fit dividers have an H-beam feature to accommodate higher loads from heavy parts.

[0028] The bayonet-fit divider 120 (FIG. 1B) is reduced from the divider base 121. This allows the divider plate to sit snugly in the box, reducing the overall collapse height. The new design also reduces the top of the divider head 122, further reducing the collapse height. Bayonet-fit dividers require precision for inserting and removing the divider plate. However, the force required for insertion / removal is relatively small. Feature "A" is a recess on the peripheral edge of the head 122, which is heavily rounded to prevent damage to parts. This feature would be used by the automation team to properly align the divider. Feature "B" would be used to apply the required torque and twist the divider into a locked position. Feature "C" is intended to cut the weight of the divider 120, but could also serve as another contact point in automation if necessary. Alternatively, an additional opening could be located in the head 122, whose position would inform the automation system regarding orientation. If the automated system includes a vision system, alignment may be determined by receiving marks on head 122, including arrows, lines, etc. In a further alternative, instead of being circular, opening "C" may be circular and point in a direction that corresponds to correct alignment for divider 120.

[0029] The invention described herein relates to a variation of the bayonet divider 200. Figures 2A and 2B show an arrangement in which a tab or core bell 210 is secured to a divider base 220. The core bell or rigid tab 210 is not depressible, but is intended to engage with a corresponding recess in the divider plate. Diametrically opposite the rigid tab is a smart tab 230, which includes a flexible, depressible tab that again interacts with a recess in the divider plate to lock it in place.

[0030] The bayonet fitting design features two tabs, one "Dumb" (rigid and unbendable) and one "Smart" (flexibly depressible). The rigid tab 210 acts as support once the divider 200 is locked in place. It also provides exceptional pull-out force. The flexible depressible tab 230 is designed to bend slightly, at which point it contacts the wall, preventing it from breaking. This is similar to a snap-fit design. Both tabs feature a chamfer 240 on the bottom edge that corresponds to the hole they are inserted into. This allows for much greater variability in automated processes. The H-beam appears like a "C" to the bayonet divider, and the C-beam also resists lateral loads applied to the divider.

[0031] 2C and 2D show such a recess 250 in a divider plate 252, with FIG. 2C showing the top of the recess and FIG. 2D showing the bottom. FIG. 2C shows a downwardly protruding groove 254 positioned to engage the rigid tab 210 to connect with a ridge 256 shown in FIG. 2D. The ridge 256 on the left side of FIG. 2D acts as a barrier against the rigid tab 210 to prevent lifting of the divider. The right side of FIG. 2D has a similar ridge 258 for engaging the flexibly depressible tab 230; together, the two ridges lock the divider in place when the divider 200 is rotated into the recess. FIG. 2D further includes a protrusion 260 positioned to depress the flexibly depressible tab 230 as the divider 200 is rotated. When the divider 200 is rotated past the protrusion 260, the flexibly depressible tab 230 clicks back into position, locking the divider 200 into the recess. Thus, the protrusion 260 and the depressible tab 230 act in cooperation to prevent accidental rotation and subsequent unintentional removal of the divider 200 .

[0032] Other features of the recess include chamfered corners 262 at the top of the grooves 254 shown in FIG. 2C, which serve to locate flexible, depressible, and rigid tabs to facilitate easy engagement.

[0033] The top 264 of each hole has a corresponding chamfered edge 262 to facilitate insertion. The tops 264 are also notched to allow the countersink feature to locate it.

[0034] The bottom surface 266 of each hole has two important features for successful locking. Two channels 256 and 258 are cut to allow the tabs from the divider to slide easily, and more importantly, act as a "key" mechanism to prevent the divider 200 from being pulled up or out of the hole. The flexibly depressible tab must compress its entire distance to rotate past its feature. Once past, it would take deliberate force to return it to its original position. Vibration is not enough to force the tab past its bump.

[0035] Note that the divider base 220 may be inverted frusto-conical in shape, such that the diameter at the bottom of the divider base 220 is slightly smaller than the diameter above it, which may also aid in positioning the divider 200 within the recess to facilitate more efficient automatic insertion.

[0036] 2E-2H are detailed cross-sectional views of divider 200 inserted into opening 250. The base of divider 200 includes rigid tab 210 and depressible tab 230. Rigid tab 210 and depressible tab 230 slide into opening 250 through grooves 255 and 254, respectively. When the divider is rotated past protrusion 260 (not shown), rigid tab 210 is moved into engagement with ridge 258, which acts as a barrier against rigid tab 210, preventing lifting of the divider. At the same time, depressible tab 230 is moved into engagement with ridge 256. The two ridges 256 and 258 lock divider 200 in place.

[0037] 3A shows the top hole with divider 320 inserted. Divider base 320 engages recess 310 just prior to rotation. It can be seen that protrusion 330 has not yet engaged flexibly depressible tab 302 and will not do so until rotation. Bottom hole 332 is empty.

[0038] FIG. 3B shows a portion of the bottom surface of divider plate 340 having openings 350 .

[0039] Divider Plate Reference is now made to Figures 4A, 4B and 5. Figure 4A shows the top surface 410 of the divider plate 400, and Figure 4B shows the bottom surface 420 of the divider plate 400.

[0040] The recesses in one orientation engage cooperatively while the recesses in the other orientation slide past each other. The divider plate has no rotational symmetry.

[0041] The hook system may be used with a divider system or a conventional box system. The springs on the divider plate are a means of limiting accidental drops. FIG. 5 shows a hook system 500 having an integrally molded portion on the interior wall of a box 510. The hook system 500 is intended to work with the divider plate 400, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B. Note that there are three voids 414 on each side of the longitudinal edge 412 of the divider plate. Note further that these are not evenly spaced along the edge; instead, the voids 414 at one end are offset closer to the corners than the voids 414 at each corner of the other end. These voids 414 are positioned to slide past the hooks 500, as shown in FIG. 5. When the divider plate 400 is placed on the box 510 in this manner, the divider plate 400 slides downward past the hooks 500 and settles at the bottom of the box 510. However, by having these offset voids 414, when the divider plate 400 is rotated, the voids 414 no longer align with the hooks 500, as shown in FIG. 5 ; instead, the peripheral wall 412 around the divider plate 400 connects with the hooks 500 and rests on a support surface, supporting the divider plate 400 above the bottom of the box. The hooks 500, as shown in FIG. 5 , provide secondary support, such that the entire divider plate rests on both the support surface and the secondary support. The secondary support surface increases the bearing area of the divider plate on the hooks 500. By having a divider plate 400 without rotational symmetry, in one direction, the divider plate 400 slides past the hook system 500, while in the other direction, the hooks engage for support above it. Thus, the hook system provides additional storage and packaging compared to conventional bases and boxes.

[0042] Fluted Divider Head 6A-6C show a further embodiment of a divider head 610 of a divider 600 having a grooved circumference 620. This may be useful for an alternative end effector whereby it acts as a socket wrench to engage the circumference of the divider head for rotation. For this purpose, the circumference may be i) Crushing ii) Grooved (shown in Figures 6(a) to (c)) iii) External polygonal shapes such as bolt heads (rectangular pentagons, etc.) iv) Internal polygonal shapes such as Allen head screws (rectangular, pentagonal, etc.) may be.

[0043] 7A-7G show various views of one embodiment of a divider 700. As mentioned above, the head is circular, and in this embodiment, the head 710 is an annular ring with internal supports oriented radially from the throat 720 of the divider. Thus, the head 710 occupies a large volume but contains a relatively small amount of material. In this case, the radial supports include four supports oriented along two major axes, although it will be understood that more or fewer supports may be used.

[0044] The throat 720 may be generally cylindrical with a tapered section in the middle such that the throat 720 tapers from the head 710 to a minimum diameter at the midpoint before expanding again near the base. In this way, the throat tends to curve around the midpoint between the base and the head.

[0045] The divider base may also be generally cylindrical and may be positioned to fit within a circular opening in the divider plate.

[0046] The divider base 730 includes an H-shaped prism whereby a recess in the H-shape accommodates a flexible tab that is positioned to engage at the distal end of the divider plate opening. The H-shape thus includes a generally circular profile that is positioned to fit snugly within the opening in the divider plate, allowing very little relative movement once inserted into the divider plate. In further embodiments, the tolerance of the outer diameter of the divider base may be very close to the inner diameter of the circular opening in the divider plate.

[0047] As mentioned, divider base 730 may include resiliently bending tabs 740 arranged to contract upon insertion into H-beam 750 and then spring outward to engage the rim of the opening once protruding from the opening. Divider base 730 and tabs 740 are more readily visible in FIG. 7F. The H-beam resists lateral loads applied to the divider.

[0048] 8A and 8B, which are various views of one embodiment of a divider plate 800 into which the dividers of FIGS. 7A-7G are arranged to fit. In this embodiment, the top surface 810 of the divider plate is a thin plate with a dense array of downwardly projecting openings 820. From underneath the divider plate, it can be seen that the openings 820 are actually cylinders molded into the thin plate, and therefore have little or no material between each cylinder. Thus, the divider plate of FIGS. 8A and 8B is a single, unitary element molded as a single piece.

[0049] Divider plate 800 may be relatively light compared to other forms of divider plates, where openings are provided in a thicker plate. The cylindrical shape of openings 820 can be seen in Figures 8C and 8D. In particular, the exit point for each cylindrical opening 820 provides a rim with which divider tabs 740 may engage.

[0050] 9A-9C provide assembled views of a divider 900 having tabs 910 that engage with rims 920 of each cylindrical opening 930, particularly as shown in FIG. 9B.

[0051] 10A-10E illustrate an alternative embodiment in which the divider plate comprises two separable portions. The first portion comprises a thin plate 1000 having an array of circular holes 1010 molded therein, as shown in FIGS. 10C and 10D. The underside of the plate has four solid protrusions 1020, in this embodiment, which are positioned to engage openings 1030 in the second portion of the divider plate 1000, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B.

[0052] Figures 10A and 10B show a second plate member 1002 having a downwardly protruding circular opening 1030; from the underside, the opening appears cylindrical with little material between the cylinders. The embodiment of Figures 10A and 10B differs from the divider plate 800 of Figures 8A and 8B in that the cylinders forming the opening 1030 are closed at one end and, therefore, are positioned to receive a divider base but do not provide a rim with which the divider plate can engage. Thus, the divider 700 of Figures 7A-7G does not cooperate with the base 1000 of Figures 10A-10D.

[0053] 11A-11F show an alternative design for divider 1100. In this embodiment, the shape of divider 1100 above the base is similar. It will be seen that throat 1110 is not tapered in the same way as divider 700 of FIGS. 7A-7G. This merely illustrates a variation that is applicable to either divider. Thus, divider 1100 of FIGS. 11A-11F is purely cylindrical, for no other reason than to illustrate an alternative to the previous embodiment.

[0054] An important aspect of the divider of the present invention is the base 1120. As seen in FIG. 11F, the base is purely cylindrical, not H-shaped as in the previous embodiment. The base again includes a spring clip 1130 positioned to engage the divider plate. However, the spring clip 1130 in this embodiment is designed for the base 1120 of FIGS. 10A and 10B. Here, the spring clip 1130 is oriented upward and adjacent to the upper side of the divider base 1120. In this case, when the divider 1100 is initially inserted into the separable thin plate, the spring clip 1130 is compressed, once it moves away from the thin plate, and the spring faces outward to engage the underside of the thin plate. The diameter of the opening in the thin plate is the same as the diameter in the second plate member. However, as shown in FIG. 10E, the second plate member includes a chamfer. When the thin plate is secured to the second plate member, the chamfer forms a ridge against the underside of the thin plate member, allowing the spring clips 1130 to engage with the ridges. Thus, the divider base is securely held within the second plate member with the spring clips 1130 engaged with the ridges.

[0055] 10A-10E is the ability to insert the second plate member 1002 into the container and the divider into separable thin plates at separate times and / or locations. The second plate 1002 may be integral with the box. Both features of the second plate may be applicable to all divider plates.

[0056] The dividers are inserted separately into the thin plate 1000, and then the thin plate 1000 and dividers are inserted into the box. When ready for packing, the pre-loaded thin plate 1000 with the dividers already in place can then be fitted directly into the lower base, with the four prongs fitting into the lower base along with the various bases of the locating dividers. The thin plate 1000 may be pressed into the lower base 1002 to ensure secure engagement when ready for packing.

[0057] Thus, having a separable two-piece divider plate may provide additional modularity to the system compared to the embodiment shown in Figures 7-9.

[0058] 11A-11F engages with the thin plate 1000, so that in yet another embodiment, the thin plate may act as a standalone divider plate without the second plate member. In this way, the divider system includes a very lightweight option by eliminating the additional weight of the second plate member.

[0059] Figures 12, 13A, 13B, and 13C show a divider 1200 that can be inserted into an opening in a divider plate. The divider plate may have an array of openings for receiving the divider 1200, providing a wide range of possibilities for forming two-dimensional shapes in the divider plate using the divider 1200. Various aspects of Figures 12 and 13A-13C can be applied to other dividers.

[0060] The two-dimensional shape may be selectively formed and reformed depending on the type of goods being transported. To this end, dividers may be inserted into openings in the divider plate according to the shape and size of the goods in question. For the next shipping contract, a different commodity may be included, in which case the dividers may be extracted and reinserted into the desired shape for the new commodity.

[0061] One aspect of a divider is its ability to act as a buffer between items that may be damaged if the divider plate (or the container in which it is placed) is mishandled. Thus, the divider acts as a barrier between adjacent articles.

[0062] 12, divider 1200 includes a cushioning strip 1210 that spans from the base to the top. Upon contact, cushioning strip 1210 flexes to prevent damage to merchandise.

[0063] The divider stem 1220 may be relatively stiffer than the cushioning strip 1210. This may be achieved by making the stem 1220 thicker than the cushioning strip 1210, as seen in Figure 12, or the stem 1220 and cushioning strip 1210 may be co-injected pieces of different materials.

[0064] In one embodiment, the divider may be made from a relatively soft material such as HDPE, PP, or other polymers that have a glass transition temperature below ambient conditions and are therefore relatively soft. For highly resilient applications, the divider can be made from polyoxymethylene (POM) or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS).

[0065] The divider may be positioned such that there is a gap between the divider and the item that allows some movement. Alternatively, the divider may be positioned such that the buffer strip 1210 is slightly compressed, thus exerting a small force on the item. This can hold the item securely to limit movement without having a fixed, immovable barrier. Alternatively, the holding force exerted may be elastic. Alternatively, the divider may be deflected or flexed, as shown in FIG. 51C, to hold the item securely.

[0066] 14 and 15 show the placement of a divider 1410 with an object 1402 on a divider plate 1420 within a container 1400. The divider 1410 is shown as a black dot in FIG. 15 to distinguish it from the opening. FIG. 16 shows that a strap 1604 can be used in addition to the divider 1610 to secure a bulky object 1602 to a divider plate 1620 within the container 1600.

[0067] Another embodiment of a divider 1700 having a conical head 1720 is shown in Figures 17A-17D, 18A-18B, and 19. Here, a stem 1710 comprises an upper portion 1712 and a lower portion 1714. The upper portion 1712 may be longer than the lower portion 1714. The two portions are flat and elongated in shape, with the planes of the two portions rotated 90° relative to each other. The flat, elongated shape of the two portions means that when the flat surface faces an applied load, the resistance is less than when the surfaces are at a right angle. By positioning the divider 1700 in this embodiment so that the surface of the upper portion 1712 faces the product, the surface of the lower portion 1714 is at a right angle. In this orientation, the lower portion 1714 is stiffer than the upper portion 1712. Thus, the divider of this embodiment provides a tighter enclosure at the bottom and is stiffer at the top, depending on the position, allowing the divider to withstand forces in multiple directions. This may have the advantage of more securely securing the item, but allowing some movement at the top. The divider base includes a prong 1730 and a tab 1731.

[0068] The alternative embodiment 2300 shown in Figures 23A-23D, 24A-24B, 25, and 26 operates similarly. For example, both embodiments include branches 2310 near the divider base 2320, which allow for squeezing of the divider base 2320. Note that the embodiment of Figures 23A-23D has longer branches 2310 compared to the embodiment of Figure 17A (1730).

[0069] Thus, insertion and retraction of the divider is facilitated by squeezing the divider base 2320 to cause the lugs 2311 on the divider base 2320 to move laterally to release or engage the openings in the divider plate.

[0070] Another common feature between the two embodiments is a pair of grooves 2332 in the head 2330 that run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the divider, on either side of the bifurcated stem 2340. For automation (FIG. 22), the device 2200 can include a pair of arms 2210 that sit within the grooves. Once positioned, the arms 2210 can apply force to the divider 2220, squeezing the bifurcated stem and thereby allowing the release or engagement of the divider base lugs. A further embodiment of the insertion / retraction device may include an enclosed hexagonal head with lugs positioned to sit within the grooves, similar to a wrench.

[0071] An additional common feature of the embodiments of Figures 17A and 23A is the cone-shaped head 1720 (2330 in Figure 23A). This can be applied to each of the single-stem dividers described. Also, by having a cone-shaped or rounded head, placement of items within the divider can be automated so that any misalignment in the automated device can contact the cone-shaped head and guide the item into place. Thus, the divider can also act as an alignment device to provide extra latitude for automated or manual placement. This is equally true for the rounded head of Figure 51A.

[0072] In yet another embodiment, Figure 26 shows a divider in which the cross section is a stem rather than the flat strip of Figures 17A and 23A. The cross may be positioned so that the arms of the cross terminate on opposite sides of the branch. This embodiment therefore allows for more uniform stiffness regardless of the direction of the applied force. The applied force may then be applied along the major axis through the stem of the cross.

[0073] Figures 20A-20B show one embodiment of a divider plate 2000 integrated with a container 2001. The array of hexagonal openings 2010 that can accept the hexagonal bases of the dividers allows for very tight configurations with high flexibility to form two-dimensional shapes to accommodate goods and many different shapes and sizes. Figures 21A-21B show another divider plate 2100 with hexagonal openings 2110.

[0074] Note that the head, base, and stem of the described dividers may protrude beyond the opening 2010, as shown in FIG. 20A. In this manner, by configuring the walls of the divider adjacent the opening in the base, the barrier formed may not have gaps. This is particularly true for the divider 1200 of FIG. 12, which has a buffer strip 1210 extending from the stem.

[0075] In one embodiment, the divider heads may be hexagonal, each having six load-bearing surfaces, as shown in Figures 33, 34, and 35A-35D. In another embodiment, the divider heads may be circular, as shown in Figure 51A. The relationship between the spacing of the base openings and the divider heads may be such that when multiple dividers are placed adjacent to one another in adjacent openings, the heads form a close-packed arrangement, with the load-bearing surfaces of the divider heads contacting and forming a layer. Through this close-packed arrangement, the layer can transfer a load applied to the divider heads from one end of the layer to the other, as shown in Figures 27-32. In this embodiment, the articles are transported so that they fit snugly within the multiple closely packed dividers. Therefore, any lateral movement of the articles due to container movement is prevented by the load transfer of the close-packed layer of divider heads.

[0076] While the apertures shown in some of the above are hexagonal in shape, it will be appreciated that any shape other than circular may be useful for preventing rotation of the divider. Square apertures may also be useful for this purpose. Similarly, the divider base may be a variety of shapes.

[0077] It is further understood that any uniform shape that tessellates, including squares, may be sufficient to achieve a close-packed arrangement. Thus, in a further embodiment, a square divider head that tessellates in a close-packed arrangement may be used. This arrangement increases packing efficiency.

[0078] The dividers may also be linked to act together as a single barrier, in which orientation the stiffness of the barrier may be relative to that of the individual dividers rather than the stiffness of the individual dividers.

[0079] Additionally, goods may be encapsulated by several layers of dividers, or a single layer of dividers, rather than individual dividers. Thus, the stiffness required for any item being shipped becomes "designable," and additional stiffness can be easily provided by adding additional layers.

[0080] 20A-20B, 21A-21B, 27-30, 31A-31B, and 59 show various examples of divider plates with an array of closely spaced openings that form a template into which dividers are inserted. The openings allow the dividers to form multiple shapes and allow fill dividers between items to be formed for tight packing and load transfer.

[0081] 27 and 28 show an arrangement for packing cups. Each cup 2702 is held in place on a divider plate 2720 by at least three dividers 2710. The divider plate 2720 fits into the bottom of the container 2700. The dividers 2710 are shown as black dots in FIG. 28 in contrast to the openings in the divider plate 2720. This arrangement spaces the dividers 2710 across the divider plate and holds the cups in place without adding significant weight to the package.

[0082] 29 and 30 show a denser arrangement for the packing cups. Each cup 2902 is surrounded by at least 12 dividers 2910 on a divider plate 2920 within the container 2900. Adjacent dividers 2910 can quickly transfer and distribute forces across the divider plate 2920. A greater number of dividers provides more cushioning and greater resistance to lateral forces when transporting heavier parts. For example, three to four layers of dividers can be used.

[0083] 31A and 31B show an even denser arrangement for the packing cups. Dividers 3010 are inserted into any openings on the divider plate 3020 that are not covered by the cups 3002. The dividers 3010 also line the walls of the container 3000. The dividers 3010 form tightly packed rows on several cross sections of the divider plate. This arrangement provides even more cushioning for the cups 3002 because the dividers 3010 can transfer weight across the divider plate 3020 to the walls of the container 3000.

[0084] Furthermore, bases tend to be flat to receive unprotected goods. To save weight and avoid heavy, plate-like bases, these flat bases are relatively thin and must therefore include ribs underneath to provide strength against flexure and impact. In the case of the divider plates of the present invention, because they are provided with openings, they act like inverted ribs. Thus, while ribbed bases are complex in shape, the present invention effectively avoids wasted rib material and complexity by providing a highly functional molded base.

[0085] In a further embodiment, FIGS. 32A-32B illustrate a further extension of the modularity of the present invention. In the previous embodiment, modularity is provided by the dividers 3210 and the many shapes they can form in a complete, one-piece divider plate 3220. FIGS. 32A-32B illustrate that the base 3220 may be modular, in that the divider plate of FIGS. 32A-32B is part of a larger plate. By providing this plate portion to the manufacturer, manufactured articles can be placed directly into the divider plate with the dividers pre-inserted. The plate portion and package of articles enclosed within the dividers can then be inserted directly into a container along with multiple other packaged articles. A further embodiment allows the divider plate to be delivered to the article rather than the article being delivered to the container. By providing thousands of these divider plates with pre-inserted dividers to the manufacturer, the packaging process can be further automated.

[0086] It will be appreciated that a further advantage of the divider plate embodiment may be that if the article is fragile, it may be provided with padding, such as a padded divider plate and / or soft divider. Thus, by placing the article in the divider plate at the end of the manufacturing process, rather than further risking damage during packaging, the packaging procedure may be performed with the article already protected within the padded divider plate and / or soft divider.

[0087] 60A-60B, 61-62, 63A-63B, 64A-64B, and 65A-65B illustrate the adaptability of the present invention, whereby a divider plate (either a single divider plate or an assembly of sub-divider plates) can be used in a variety of containers having different wall or partition arrangements. Thus, the present invention, in its various aspects, is not limited to a particular type of container, but rather can be applicable in many situations.

[0088] 33, 34, 35A-35D, 36A-36B, 3738, 43A-43F show embodiments of dividers 3300, 3400, 3500-3503, 3600-3601, 3700, 3800, 4300. The inherent flexibility of each individual divider may be provided by a combination of material selections as well as a hinge effect which may be achieved using any one or combination of the following: (i) Slit cylindrical rod 3401 as shown in FIG. 35A (ii) a generally cylindrical shape with selective necking to provide hinges where needed; (iii) Accordion-shaped throats 3504-3507 as shown in four of the five dividers in Figures 35A-35D

[0089] It will be appreciated that the accordion or concertina shaped throat may be of uniform thickness for the entire height of the divider, or may be beneficial in resisting fatigue as each repeating cycle of the accordion shape acts as a curved beam that thickens at the hinge portions of the divider.

[0090] In further embodiments, the repeating cycle of the accordion shape may be of non-uniform thickness. For example, the throat of the accordion shape may be thicker near the base to provide greater bending strength, and thinner at the head of the divider to provide softer cushioning for the cargo. Thus, the accordion shape of the divider may be stiffer in differential bending near the base and more flexible near the head.

[0091] Each divider may have a head, which may be hexagonal or circular in plan view. This allows the hexagonal dividers to be closely packed, providing a high density of dividers on the divider plate insert. In this close-packed arrangement, there may be little or no gap between adjacent divider heads, and therefore, when subjected to lateral loads such as cargo movement, the dividers may act as a single, rigid, uniform element. If each individual divider is relatively flexible, they may provide a softening cushion for the goods. To increase lateral stiffness, the close-packed arrangement of the dividers may allow for selective stiffening of the dividers. This selective stiffening may be useful as a barrier layer of dividers around a group of transported items.

[0092] Figure 39 shows an enlarged side view of the divider base 3900. The divider base 3900 includes a number of latches 3910 for attachment to the divider plates. Figure 40 shows the latches 3910 of the divider 3900 attached to the divider plate 4000.

[0093] Dividers may be configured to act as separators by placing several dividers in specific locations to form groups. These groups of dividers may be arranged in a range of shapes to accommodate the shape and number of goods being shipped. By forming groups into any type of shape and size, they can take on the shape of the product and be placed in an area surrounding the product. Thus, the dividers described herein demonstrate flexibility and modularity in packing.

[0094] The height of the dividers may be in the range of 25 to 50 mm. Alternatively, they may be in the range of 50 to 75 mm. Other suitable heights are also applicable.

[0095] Figure 41 shows a divider plate 4100 with recesses 4110 for mounting the divider plate. The "overlapping" grid provides a highly modular system. Figure 42 shows an alternative design for grid 4200. High packing density is achieved through optimization of gap size and use of a hexagonal shape.

[0096] In a further embodiment, the divider may be an equiaxial shape, such as a concave hexagon. In plan view, this essentially has the appearance of a three-pointed star (4400 in Figures 44-46). It will be appreciated that a four-pointed star, such as a concave octagon, may also be a useful shape for the divider.

[0097] 47A-47B, 48A-48B, 49A-49B and 50 show an arrangement on a divider plate 4700 that uses a divider 4710 to hold a pump 4702, a hard disk 4704, a muffler 4708, or a cup 4709 within a container 4706. FIG.

[0098] Additionally, dividers having a substantially cylindrical throat may also be useful, either separately or in combination with a more flexible divider, such as a divider having an accordion-shaped throat. Thus, combining the two types of dividers can be useful, having a rigid cylindrical divider around the perimeter and a more flexible accordion-shaped throat that divides articles within the perimeter.

[0099] 51A-51B show a further example of a bayonet divider 5100. The divider 5100 has a spherical head 5102, an elongated throat 5103, and a base 5104. The divider base 5104 includes a depressible "smart" tab 5110 and a rigid "dam" tab 5120. The elongated throat allows the divider to flex slightly when a force 5130 is applied to the divider. This allows for multi-directional force and weight transfer between the dividers, thus cushioning impacts to objects. This also allows for a secure hold on an item, limiting movement. FIG. 51C is an exaggerated view showing the deflection of the divider 5100 when a force 5130 is applied.

[0100] 52A-52C show another embodiment of a divider 5200 with a head 5209 and a divider base 5204. The divider base 5204 includes a pair of legs 5205 connected to a trunk 5203. A depressible tab 5202 having a chamfer 5215 is disposed at the end of each leg 5205. A wedge 5201 having a chamfer 5216 is disposed between the trunk 5203 and the tab 5202. When a force 5233 is applied to the tab 5202 or the wedge 5201, the tab 5202 moves inward from an extended position 5202a to a compressed position 5202b (FIG. 52C). The tab 5202 and the wedge 5201 can be resiliently depressed.

[0101] Divider 5200 of Figures 52A-52C can fit into opening 5300 shown in Figures 53A-53B and 54A-54C. Opening 5300 includes a neck 5301 that is narrower than opening 5303. Divider 5200 is inserted into opening 5300 with a first push 5401 (Figure 54A) and removed with a second push in the same direction using divider removal tool 5400 (Figures 54A-54C).

[0102] Upon initial pressure, tab 5202 is pushed inward by neck 5301 from extended position 5202a to compressed position 5202b (FIG. 52C). As tab 5202 moves over neck 5301 into gap 5302, tab 5202 pushes outward from compressed position 5202b to extended position 5202a. As a result, wedge 5201 and tab 5202 engage opposing ends 5207 and 5208 of neck 5301, and divider 5200 is locked in place. The internal structure of divider 5200 can include a V-shaped embodiment 5406 (FIG. 54A). V-embodiment 5406 provides a longer lever arm for tab 5202 to accommodate differential tolerances between divider 5200 and opening 5300. The internal structure of V-shaped embodiment 5406 can be varied depending on the force required.

[0103] During the second press, the wedge 5201 is pressed inward by the neck 5301. Both the tab 5202 and the wedge 5201 are located on the legs 5205, so an inward force is transmitted from the wedge 5201 to the tab 5202, squeezing the tab 5202 from the extended position 5202a to the squeezed position 5202b. The tab 5202 disengages from the neck 5301 and slides into the opening 5402 of the divider removal device 5400 (FIGS. 54A-54C). The opening 5402 retracts the tab 5202 to the squeezed position 5202b. Once the tab 5202b is able to pass through the neck, the divider 5200 can be removed.

[0104] Divider 5200 inserted into opening 5300 is shown in another perspective in Figures 55A and 55B.

[0105] FIGS. 52D-52G show an alternative embodiment of a snap-fit divider 5210 having depressible fishhook tabs 5206 on legs 5217 that branch off from a higher cleft 5213 on the divider base 5214. The higher cleft 5213 reduces the force required to squeeze the tabs 5206. There may be an expansion gap 5219 at the bottom to address tolerance issues, but the H-beam 5224 is still maintained. The legs 5207 have ridges 5221. No or minimal chamfering on the ridges 5221 provides strong resistance to lateral forces. The tabs 5206 have sharp upwardly facing edges 5223 and chamfers 5222. The divider 5210 can fit into an opening 5410 having a neck 5411 (FIGS. 52G and 54F). When the tab 5206 enters the void 5412 and moves to the extended position, the divider is locked in place. The internal structure of the divider 5210 can include a V-shaped embodiment 5408. The angle of the bottom chamfer 5222 is designed to be within the turning radius of the tab 5206. The divider 5210 can be inserted with a single push into the opening 5410. For removal, instead of pressing down on the divider 5210 to depress the tab 5206, the tab 5206 is squeezed by a removal device (not shown) that pushes it up from the bottom. The downward force can be used to protect the sharp edge 5223 from shearing during removal. In a further embodiment, the removal device can have a peripheral chamfer oriented opposite the chamfer 5222 of the depressible tab 5206, thereby engaging and biasing the depressible tab 5206 inwardly into the squeezed position. Specifically, the chamfer on the extraction device may be directed radially inward to correspond to the outwardly directed chamfer on the depressible tab.

[0106] Figure 56 shows another embodiment of a divider 5600 having a threaded base 5601. The threading can be single or multiple. Figures 57A-57B show a threaded opening 5700 in a divider plate that complements the divider 5600. Figures 58A-58C show the divider 5600 inserted into the opening 5700.

[0107] Figure 59 shows a bottom view of divider plate 5900. Divider plate 5900 has resilient members 5901 that press against the container wall to secure the plate in place during transport. The edges of divider plate 5900 may rest on shelves 6002 in container wall 6000 (Figures 60A-60B). This feature can be used to hold multiple divider plates within a container.

[0108] A container may include multiple divider plates to maximize packaging space. Figure 61 shows a side view of a container with a divider plate 6101 engaged with a shelf 6102. If multiple divider plates 6201 are used, column supports 6202 may be used to prevent the top divider plate from collapsing (Figure 62). The column supports 6202 can also act as dividers.

[0109] 63A-63B show the packing arrangement of objects 6303 and dividers 6302 on two divider plates 6301 within a container. In FIG. 63B, the dividers 6302 are shown as black dots to distinguish them from the openings in the divider plates 6301.

[0110] Figures 64A-64B and 65A-65B show alternative packing arrangements for objects 6401 and 6501 with dividers 6402 on a divider plate 6403. The divider plate can be composed of modular sub-divider plates. For example, divider plate 6403 of Figure 65B may be divided into 16 sub-divider plates 6601 (Figures 66B and 66C) at the lines shown in Figure 66A. Each sub-divider plate 6601 can be assembled with dividers 6402 and then assembled within the container. Objects 6501 can be added at any stage.

[0111] It is understood that the various embodiments relating to the head, throat, and base can be interchanged to form different dividers and still be within the scope of the present invention. The various embodiments relating to the aperture and divider plate can be interchanged to form different divider plates.

Claims

1. a divider plate having an array of apertures; a plurality of dividers; each of said dividers having a flexible elongated throat connecting a head to a divider base; the divider base is positioned to be inserted into one of the openings, and the elongated throat is positioned to deflect upon application of a force from the object; the flexible elongated throat has a tapered portion such that the elongated throat tapers from the head to a midpoint between the head and the divider base, the elongated throat being shaped to bend around the midpoint; The tapered section has a minimum diameter at the midpoint, and the elongated throat expands again from the minimum diameter.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the divider takes the shape of the object and is positioned in an area surrounding the object.

3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the divider base has rotational symmetry.

4. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the head has a circular planar cross section.

5. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the openings and the heads are spaced apart such that when multiple dividers are positioned adjacent to one another in adjacent openings, the load-bearing surfaces of the heads contact one another.

6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the dividers are arranged in layers to provide additional rigidity and to distribute applied loads between the dividers.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the head is surrounded by a material that is softer than the material of the head.

8. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the divider base includes tabs that are inserted into a neck that is narrower than the opening to push inward from the extended position to the compressed position, and that are inserted beyond the neck into a gap to push outward from the compressed position to the extended position.

9. The system of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the divider base and the opening are cooperatively shaped for insertion using one of a snap fit, a bayonet fit, or a screw fit.

10. The system of any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a column support.

11. The system of claim 8 , further comprising a divider removal device positioned to pull the tabs back into the squeezed position.

12. A method for holding an object using the object transport system according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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