Formwork installation method

Abstract

To improve the construction accuracy of concrete structures.SOLUTION: The formwork installation method in which a panel member 31 for placing new concrete by being laminated on an existing concrete 1 is installed by a formwork device 100 includes a formwork moving step of bringing a moving portion 20 closer to the existing concrete 1 to bring a part of the panel member 31 into contact with the existing concrete 1, a difference detection step of detecting a difference between the planned position of the panel member 31 planned in advance and the current position of the panel member 31, and a formwork position adjustment step of bringing the position of the panel member 31 closer to the planned position by operating an angle changing section 40 according to the difference.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a formwork installation method. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a formwork installation method for installing a formwork in order to pour new concrete over existing concrete. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-193724 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In the formwork installation method described in Patent Document 1, the formwork is installed on an extension of the existing concrete surface in order to pour new concrete. If the formwork is simply installed on an extension of the existing concrete surface in this way, if the existing concrete surface is formed slightly off-center from the pre-planned design surface, the newly poured concrete surface will also be off-center from the design surface. As this deviation accumulates, the difference between the design shape and the actual shape gradually increases, and as a result, there is a risk that the concrete structure will not be constructed as designed.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to improve the construction accuracy of concrete structures. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The present invention relates to a form installation method for installing a form for pouring new concrete by overlaying it on existing concrete using a form device, the form device comprising: a base supported by the existing concrete; a moving unit that is movable on the base in directions toward and away from the existing concrete; a form supported so as to be rotatable on the moving unit; an angle changing unit that is capable of changing the angle of the form with respect to the moving unit; and a control unit that controls the operation of the moving unit and the angle changing unit, and the form installation method includes a form moving step of moving the moving unit closer to the existing concrete so as to bring a part of the form into contact with the existing concrete; a difference detection step of detecting a difference between a planned position of the form and the current position of the form; and a form position adjustment step of operating the angle changing unit in accordance with the difference to move the form closer to the planned position. In the difference detection process, the shortest distance between the planned position display surface showing the pre-stored planned position of the formwork and the current position display point showing the current position of the formwork acquired by the formwork information acquisition device is detected as the difference. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, the construction accuracy of a concrete structure can be improved. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a formwork device used in a formwork installation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 2 is a view of the formwork device as seen from the direction indicated by arrow A in FIG. 1. [Figure 3A] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the process of pouring concrete using a formwork device. [Figure 3B] FIG. 3B is a diagram for explaining the process of pouring concrete using a formwork device, showing the state following FIG. 3A. [Figure 3C] FIG. 3B is a diagram for explaining the process of pouring concrete using a formwork device, showing the state following FIG. 3B. [Figure 3D] FIG. 3D is a diagram for explaining the process of pouring concrete using a formwork device, showing the state following FIG. 3C. [Figure 3E]FIG. 3D is a diagram for explaining the process of pouring concrete using a formwork device, showing the state following FIG. 3D. [Figure 3F] FIG. 3B is a diagram for explaining the process of pouring concrete using a formwork device, showing the state following FIG. 3E. [Figure 3G] FIG. 3B is a diagram for explaining the process of pouring concrete using a formwork device, showing the state following FIG. 3F. [Figure 3H] FIG. 3B is a diagram for explaining the process of pouring concrete using a formwork device, and shows the state following FIG. 3G. [Figure 3I] FIG. 3B is a diagram for explaining the process of pouring concrete using a formwork device, showing the state following FIG. 3H. [Figure 3J] FIG. 3B is a diagram for explaining the process of pouring concrete using a formwork device, showing the state following FIG. 3I. [Figure 4] 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a control system for a formwork device used in a formwork installation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method for detecting a difference between a planned position and a current position of a formwork. FIG. [Figure 6] 1 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a formwork installation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0010] First, with reference to Fig. 1, a formwork apparatus 100 used in a formwork installation method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. The formwork apparatus 100 is an apparatus used to construct a concrete structure upward by gradually raising a formwork by a predetermined height and sequentially pouring concrete. Below, a case will be described in which the concrete structure constructed by the formwork apparatus 100 is an embankment such as a dam, as shown in Fig. 1. Note that the concrete structure is not limited to an embankment, and may be, for example, a bridge pier or a cylindrical structure for storing coal or the like.

[0011] Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a formwork apparatus 100, and Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the formwork apparatus 100 as viewed from the direction of arrow A in Fig. 1. In the following description, the up-down, front-rear, and left-right directions are defined as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

[0012] As shown in Figure 1, the formwork device 100 is a device that installs formwork members 30 (described below) in order to further pour new concrete 2d on top of existing concrete 1 (2a, 2b, 2c) that has been poured in layers in the vertical direction, and is equipped with a configuration (self-climbing mechanism) that allows it to rise by itself along the side surface 1a of the existing concrete 1.

[0013] 1, the formwork device 100 is supported by the existing concrete 1 via first anchor members 4, which will be described later, embedded in three layers 2a, 2b, and 2c cast upward in the existing concrete 1. Note that the number of layers of the existing concrete 1 supporting the formwork device 100 is not limited to three, and may be two or more, or may be four or more.

[0014] A first anchor member 4 and a second anchor member 5 are respectively embedded in layers 2a, 2b, and 2c of the existing concrete 1. The first anchor member 4 and the second anchor member 5 are internally threaded anchors, and are embedded so that their female screw holes are exposed on the side surface 1a of the existing concrete 1.

[0015] As shown in Fig. 1, in each of the layers 2a, 2b, and 2c, the second anchor members 5 are disposed higher than the first anchor members 4. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 2, the first anchor members 4 are disposed along and facing rail members 70, which will be described later. Meanwhile, the second anchor members 5 are disposed facing vertical end portions 33 of formwork members 30, which will be described later, at approximately equal intervals in the left-right direction. Note that in Fig. 2, in order to make the arrangement of the first anchor members 4 and second anchor members 5 easier to understand, members other than those related to the arrangement of the first anchor members 4 and second anchor members 5 are not shown.

[0016] As shown in FIG. 1 , the first anchor members 4 are used to attach support members 6 that support rail members 70 to the existing concrete 1, and the second anchor members 5 are used to attach connecting members 36 that are provided to connect formwork members 30 to the existing concrete 1 to the existing concrete 1. Note that the support members 6 are detached from the first anchor members 4 in areas where the rail members 70 are not provided. Furthermore, the connecting members 36 are attached to the second anchor members 5 embedded in the top of the existing concrete 1 only while the formwork members 30 are being fixed to the existing concrete 1.

[0017] The formwork device 100 comprises a base 10 supported by the existing concrete 1, a moving unit 20 that can move on the base 10 in directions toward and away from the existing concrete 1, a formwork member 30 that is rotatably supported on the moving unit 20, an angle change unit 40 that can change the angle of the formwork member 30 relative to the moving unit 20, a rail member 70 that is supported by a first anchor member 4 via a support member 6, a jack 80 that can move the base 10 upward relative to the existing concrete 1, and a control unit 50 that controls the operation of the moving unit 20, the angle change unit 40, and the jack 80.

[0018] As shown in FIG. 2, the rail member 70 is a long member with an H-shaped cross section, and is placed along the side surface 1a of the existing concrete 1 while being supported by support members 6 attached to first anchor members 4 embedded in each of the layers 2a, 2b, and 2c as shown in FIG. 1. In this way, the rail member 70 is supported by the multiple support members 6 while being guided and movable along the side surface 1a of the existing concrete 1. The rail member 70 is provided with locking portions (not shown) that can be locked onto the support members 6, and the locking portions lock onto the support members 6, thereby preventing the rail member 70 from sliding downward.

[0019] The base 10 is a frame body composed of a first beam member 11 that extends in the fore-and-aft direction and supports the moving part 20, a second beam member 12 that is arranged below the first beam member 11 and extends in the fore-and-aft direction, a third beam member 13 that is arranged below the second beam member 12 and extends in the fore-and-aft direction, and a plurality of diagonal members and beam members that connect these beam members 11, 12, and 13, and a work scaffolding (not shown) is provided on each beam member 11, 12, and 13.

[0020] A locking portion 14 capable of being locked to the support member 6 attached to the first anchor member 4 is provided at the front end of the first beam member 11, i.e., the end on the existing concrete 1 side. The locking portion 14 is not only configured to be locked to the support member 6, but also has a configuration that allows it to be locked to the rail member 70.

[0021] Therefore, the base 10 is supported by the existing concrete 1 via the first anchor member 4, as the locking portion 14 provided on the first beam member 11 is locked to the support member 6 and the rail member 70.

[0022] In addition, the base 10 is provided with a gap adjustment member 15 that adjusts the gap between the side surface 1a of the existing concrete 1 and the base 10 around the second beam member 12. Note that the member that adjusts the gap between the side surface 1a of the existing concrete 1 and the base 10 may be provided in multiple locations, and may also be provided around the third beam member 13, for example.

[0023] In addition, the engaging portion 14 provided on the first beam member 11 has a shape that clamps the rail member 70 from the left and right, and as described below, it also functions as a guide member that guides the base 10, including the first beam member 11, to move along the rail member 70 when the base 10 is moved upward along the side surface 1a of the existing concrete 1.

[0024] The jack 80 is a hydraulic jack that is arranged to be able to extend and retract along the side surface 1a of the existing concrete 1, and has a cylinder portion 81 and a rod portion 82. The cylinder portion 81 is fixed to the locking portion 14 of the first beam member 11, and the tip of the rod portion 82 that protrudes from the cylinder portion 81 can be locked to the rail member 70 via the locking portion 83. The specific operation of the jack 80 will be explained in the formwork installation method described below. Note that the jack 80 is not limited to a hydraulic jack, and may be any mechanism that has a telescopic configuration, such as an electric screw jack or an electric rack jack.

[0025] The formwork member 30, together with the moving portion 20 and the angle changing portion 40, is provided on the first beam member 11 of the base portion 10.

[0026] The formwork member 30 has a panel member 31 (formwork) with a smooth surface 31a facing the area where new concrete 2d is to be poured, and a reinforcing member 32 provided on a back surface 31b of the panel member 31.

[0027] The reinforcing member 32 has a plurality of vertical end pieces 33 extending in the up-down direction and a plurality of horizontal end pieces 34 extending in the left-right direction. As shown in Fig. 2, the vertical end pieces 33 are arranged parallel to one another at predetermined intervals in the left-right direction, and when viewed in the direction indicated by arrow A in Fig. 1, rail members 70 are located between predetermined vertical end pieces 33.

[0028] In addition, the reinforcing member 32 has an extension portion 32a that extends downward from the lower end of the panel member 31, and this extension portion 32a is detachably connected to the existing concrete 1 via a connecting member 36 (e.g., a Siebold) attached to a second anchor member 5 embedded in the top of the existing concrete 1.

[0029] Furthermore, the vertical end pieces 33 have extension portions 33a that extend further downward than the extension portions 32a of the reinforcing members 32, and spacing members 37 made of a highly rigid material are provided on these extension portions 33a in order to maintain a predetermined gap between the side surface 1a of the existing concrete 1 and the vertical end pieces 33. The extension portions 33a and spacing members 37 may be provided on all the vertical end pieces 33, or may be provided every two or three pieces in the left-right direction.

[0030] Here, when the new concrete 2d is poured, pressure is applied to push the panel member 31 backward, and the part connected by the connecting member 36 acts as a fulcrum, reducing the distance between the extension portion 33a of the vertical end 33 and the side surface 1a of the existing concrete 1. As a result, the position of the panel member 31 may become unstable or may shift from its designated position, which may cause the side surface of the new concrete 2d to shift relative to the side surface 1a of the existing concrete 1.

[0031] 1, in this embodiment, the spacing member 37 is disposed below the connecting member 36. In other words, the spacing member 37 is disposed on the opposite side of the connecting member 36 from the panel member 31.

[0032] Therefore, even if pressure is applied to push the panel member 31 backward, the spacing retaining member 37 prevents the gap between the extension portion 33a of the vertical end portion 33 and the side surface 1a of the existing concrete 1 from becoming smaller.

[0033] Therefore, the panel member 31 is prevented from wobbling or shifting from its designated position during pouring, and as a result, it is possible to position the side of the newly laid concrete 2d on an extension of the side 1a of the existing concrete 1.

[0034] The moving part 20 has a main body part 21 that can move back and forth in the forward and backward directions along a rail (not shown) provided on the first beam member 11 of the base part 10, and a formwork member support part 22 that is rotatably supported by the main body part 21 and connected to the rear side of the formwork member 30, and it is possible to move the formwork member 30 of the above configuration closer to or farther away from the existing concrete 1.

[0035] The main body 21 has, as a movement mechanism, for example, a hydraulic jack (not shown) arranged so as to be freely retractable along the first beam member 11, and is capable of reciprocating movement in the front-to-rear direction by fixing the cylinder of the hydraulic jack to the main body 21 and connecting the rod protruding from the cylinder to the first beam member 11. Note that the movement mechanism is not limited to a hydraulic jack, and may be any mechanism as long as it has a configuration that allows the movement part 20 to move in the front-to-rear direction relative to the first beam member 11.

[0036] The formwork member support part 22 has its lower end rotatably supported at the front end part of the main body part 21, i.e., the end part on the side of the existing concrete 1. The inclination of the formwork member support part 22 with respect to the main body part 21 is changed by the angle change part 40.

[0037] The angle change unit 40 is a hydraulic jack having a cylinder unit 41 and a rod unit 42, with the cylinder unit 41 connected to the main body unit 21 of the moving unit 20 and the rod unit 42 connected to the formwork member support unit 22 of the moving unit 20. By extending or retracting the hydraulic jack installed in this manner, the inclination of the formwork member support unit 22 relative to the main body unit 21 is changed. In other words, the inclination of the panel member 31 (formwork) can be changed by the angle change unit 40. Note that the angle change unit 40 is not limited to a hydraulic jack, and may be any mechanism that is configured to be able to change the inclination of the formwork member support unit 22 relative to the main body unit 21, such as an electric screw jack or an electric rack jack.

[0038] In this way, multiple moving sections 20 and angle changing sections 40 are arranged in the left-right direction to change the inclination of the formwork member 30 or to move the formwork member 30 in the forward / backward direction, i.e., in the direction of moving the formwork member 30 closer to the existing concrete 1 or in the direction of moving it away from the existing concrete 1.

[0039] The control unit 50 controls the operation of the moving units 20, angle change unit 40, and jack 80 configured as described above in response to operation by the operator. Specific control performed by the control unit 50 will be explained in the formwork installation method described below. The control unit 50 may control the operation of all moving units 20 provided in the formwork device 100, or may control the operation of only some of the moving units 20 and have the operation of the other moving units 20 follow these. The same applies to the control of the operation of the angle change unit 40 and the jack 80.

[0040] Specifically, the control unit 50 is configured with a microcomputer equipped with a CPU (Central Processing Unit), ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), and I / O interface (Input / Output Interface). The RAM stores data for CPU processing, the ROM stores CPU control programs and the like in advance, and the I / O interface is used for inputting and outputting information to and from devices and detectors connected to the control unit 50. The control unit 50 may be configured with multiple microcomputers. Note that, as the operating circuit, an MPU (Micro Processing Unit), DSP (Digital Signal Processor), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), etc. can be used instead of or in addition to the CPU.

[0041] Next, the process of installing formwork members 30 to pour new concrete 2d, 2e (formwork installation method) will be described with reference to Figures 3A to 3J in addition to Figure 1. Figures 3A to 3J show the state of formwork device 100 in the order of steps.

[0042] First, to pour new concrete 2d onto existing concrete 1, formwork member 30 is installed so that surface 31a of panel member 31 faces the area where new concrete 2d will be poured, as shown in Fig. 3A. Formwork member 30 is installed by adjusting the amount of movement of movable unit 20 in the forward and backward directions and the amount of extension and contraction of angle change unit 40.

[0043] After the installation of the formwork member 30 is completed, the first anchor member 4 and the second anchor member 5, which will be embedded in the newly placed concrete 2d, are temporarily fixed to the surface 31a of the panel member 31. Note that the first anchor member 4 and the second anchor member 5 may be temporarily fixed to the surface 31a of the panel member 31 in advance, before the installation of the formwork member 30 is completed.

[0044] In addition, in the state shown in Figure 3A, the lower end portion, which is a part of the lower portion of the panel member 31 (formwork), is in contact with the top layer (2c) of the existing concrete 1, and the extended portion 32a of the reinforcing member 32 is connected to the existing concrete 1 via a connecting member 36 attached to a second anchor member 5 embedded in the top layer (2c) of the existing concrete 1, and the extended portion 33a of the vertical end 33 of the reinforcing member 32 is in contact with the existing concrete 1 via a spacing member 37.

[0045] In the state shown in Figure 3A, the rail member 70 is engaged and fixed to a support member 6 attached to a first anchor member 4 embedded in the existing concrete 1 (2a, 2b, 2c), and the base 10 is engaged and fixed to the rail member 70 via an engaging portion 14 provided on the first beam member 11, and is also engaged and fixed to a support member 6 attached to the first anchor member 4 embedded in the top layer (2c) of the existing concrete 1.

[0046] Next, as shown in Figure 3B, new concrete 2d is poured into the area partitioned off by the panel member 31 of the formwork member 30, and the first anchor member 4 and the second anchor member 5 that were temporarily fixed to the surface 31a of the panel member 31 are embedded in the new concrete 2d.

[0047] When the new concrete 2d is poured, a load is generated that presses the panel member 31 backward, but as described above, by providing the spacing members 37 on the extensions 33a of the vertical end members 33, the parts connected by the connecting members 36 act as fulcrums, preventing the entire formwork member 30 from tilting. This prevents the panel members 31 from wobbling or shifting from their predetermined positions during pouring, and as a result, the side of the new concrete 2d can be positioned on an extension of the side surface 1a of the existing concrete 1.

[0048] After the poured new concrete 2d has hardened, the temporary fixation of the first anchor member 4 and the second anchor member 5 to the panel member 31 is released, and the fixation of the connecting member 36 to the extension portion 32a of the reinforcing member 32 is released.

[0049] Then, as shown in FIG. 3C, the angle changing section 40 is contracted and the moving section 20 is moved rearward, whereby the formwork member 30 is removed from the newly placed concrete 2d.

[0050] With the formwork member 30 moved away from the existing concrete 1 and the new concrete 2d in this manner, the connecting member 36 attached to the second anchor member 5 embedded in the top layer (2c) of the existing concrete 1 is removed, and the support member 6 is attached to the first anchor member 4 embedded in the new concrete 2d. Note that the attachment of the support member 6 to the first anchor member 4 embedded in the new concrete 2d may be performed before the formwork member 30 is moved away from the new concrete 2d, for example, by opening an opening / closing portion (not shown) provided on the formwork member 30 corresponding to the installation location of the first anchor member 4.

[0051] 3D to 3F, a description will be given of the process of relocating the rail member 70. In the following, the hardened new concrete 2d is treated as being part of the existing concrete 1.

[0052] First, as shown in Fig. 3D, the locking portion 14 provided on the first beam member 11 is kept locked and fixed to the support member 6, thereby fixing the cylinder portion 81 of the jack 80 to the support member 6. Then, the locking portion 83 provided on the tip of the rod portion 82 is temporarily released from the rail member 70, and the jack 80 is extended by one stroke. After the jack 80 has been extended in this manner (the state shown in Fig. 3D), the locking portion 83 provided on the tip of the rod portion 82 is again locked and fixed to the rail member 70.

[0053] Then, after the locking and fixing of rail member 70 to support member 6 is released, jack 80 is retracted as shown in Fig. 3E. By retracting jack 80, rail member 70, which is locked and fixed to locking portion 83 provided at the tip of rod portion 82, is pulled upward by jack 80. Note that the locking of rail member 70 to support member 6 is intended to prevent rail member 70 from sliding downward, but the structure allows rail member 70 to move upward.

[0054] By repeatedly extending and retracting the jack 80 in this manner, the upper end of the rail member 70 eventually reaches the support member 6 attached to the first anchor member 4 embedded in the top layer (2d) of the existing concrete 1, as shown in Figure 3F.

[0055] The relocation process of the rail member 70 is then completed when the upper end of the rail member 70 is locked and fixed to the support member 6 attached to the first anchor member 4 embedded in the top layer (2d) of the existing concrete 1. Note that once the rail member 70 has been relocated upward, the support member 6 attached to the first anchor member 4 embedded in the lower layer (2a) of the existing concrete 1 is no longer needed to support the rail member 70, and is therefore detached from the first anchor member 4.

[0056] Next, with reference to FIGS. 3F to 3I, the step of relocating the base 10, which is carried out following the step of relocating the rail member 70, will be described.

[0057] 3F, when the relocation process of the rail member 70 is completed, the locking portion 14 of the first beam member 11 is released from the support member 6 and the rail member 70, and the cylinder portion 81 of the jack 80 is no longer fixed to the support member 6. Meanwhile, the locking portion 83 provided at the tip of the rod portion 82 is locked and fixed to the rail member 70.

[0058] When the jack 80 is extended by one stroke in this state, the entire base 10 together with the cylinder portion 81 of the jack 80 moves upward relative to the existing concrete 1 and the rail member 70, as shown in FIG. 3G.

[0059] After extending the jack 80 in this manner, the locking portion 14 of the first beam member 11 is again locked and fixed to the rail member 70, while the locking portion 83 provided at the tip of the rod portion 82 is temporarily released from the rail member 70, and the jack 80 is retracted.

[0060] When the jack 80 is retracted with the engagement between the locking portion 83 at the tip of the rod portion 82 and the rail member 70 released, only the locking portion 83 at the tip of the rod portion 82 is pulled toward the cylinder portion 81, while the position of the base 10 relative to the existing concrete 1 and the rail member 70 is maintained, as shown in Figure 3H.

[0061] Then, again, the engagement of the engaging portion 14 of the first beam member 11 with the rail member 70 is released, while the engaging portion 83 provided at the tip of the rod portion 82 is engaged and fixed to the rail member 70, and the jack 80 is extended, thereby moving the entire base 10 upward relative to the existing concrete 1 and the rail member 70.

[0062] By repeatedly extending and retracting the jack 80 in this manner, the engaging portion 14 of the first beam member 11 eventually reaches the support member 6 attached to the first anchor member 4 buried in the top layer (2d) of the existing concrete 1, as shown in Figure 3I.

[0063] Then, the relocation process of the base 10 is completed when the locking portion 14 of the first beam member 11 is locked and fixed to the support member 6 and rail member 70 attached to the first anchor member 4 buried in the top layer (2d) of the existing concrete 1.

[0064] Next, in order to pour new concrete 2e onto the existing concrete 1, a formwork movement process is carried out in which the formwork member 30 is moved from the state shown in Figure 3I so that the surface 31a of the panel member 31 faces the area where the new concrete 2e will be poured, as shown in Figure 3J.

[0065] The formwork moving process is performed by adjusting the amount of forward and backward movement of the moving unit 20 and the amount of extension and contraction of the angle changing unit 40. Specifically, the angle changing unit 40 is extended so that the slope of the surface 31a of the panel member 31 roughly matches the slope of the side surface 1a of the existing concrete 1, and the moving unit 20 is moved forward so that the lower end, which is a part of the lower part of the panel member 31 (formwork), abuts against the top layer (2d) of the existing concrete 1.

[0066] After the installation of the formwork member 30 is completed, the first anchor member 4 and the second anchor member 5, which will be embedded in the new concrete 2e, are temporarily fixed to the surface 31a of the panel member 31.

[0067] When the installation of the formwork members 30 is completed in this manner, similar to the state shown in FIG. 3A, a pouring step is carried out in which new concrete 2e is poured into the area partitioned off by the panel members 31 of the formwork members 30.

[0068] Through the above-described steps, the formwork device 100 is successively moved upward relative to the existing concrete 1, and new concrete is successively poured onto the existing concrete 1.

[0069] In order to pour new concrete onto the existing concrete 1, in the formwork movement process described above, the formwork members 30 are set so that the surface 31a of the panel members 31 is positioned approximately on an extension of the side surface 1a of the existing concrete 1. However, if the side surface 1a of the existing concrete 1 is formed slightly off from the pre-planned design surface, the side surface of the new concrete will also be off from the design surface. As such deviations accumulate, the difference between the design shape and the actual shape gradually increases, and as a result, there is a risk that the concrete structure will not be constructed as designed.

[0070] To prevent such misalignment, it is conceivable that a worker could check the inclination of the panel member 31 and adjust the amount of forward and backward movement of the moving section 20 and the amount of extension and contraction of the angle change section 40, but such manual adjustments take time and effort, which ultimately leads to increased construction costs and longer construction periods for concrete structures.

[0071] Therefore, in this embodiment, the degree to which the panel member 31 (formwork) is misaligned with the pre-planned design surface of the concrete structure is automatically detected, and the posture of the panel member 31 is automatically adjusted to eliminate the detected misalignment.

[0072] In this embodiment, in order to detect deviation of the panel member 31 from a pre-planned design surface, a camera 60 (formwork information acquirer) is installed at a position where it can capture an image of the surface 31a of the panel member 31, as shown in Fig. 1. The image captured by the camera 60 is transmitted wirelessly or via a wired connection to a control unit 50 that controls the operation of each unit of the formwork apparatus 100, as shown in Fig. 4. In addition to the image, the camera 60 also transmits camera information such as the position information of the camera 60 (latitude, longitude, altitude), the imaging orientation of the camera 60, and the tilt of the camera 60 to the control unit 50. Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a control system that controls the operation of the formwork apparatus 100.

[0073] As shown in Figure 4, the control unit 50 has a model storage unit 50a in which 3D model data, which is design data for the concrete structure, is stored in advance, a difference detection unit 50b that detects the difference between the planned position of the panel member 31 corresponding to the pre-planned design surface and the current position of the panel member 31 based on the 3D model data stored in the model storage unit 50a and the image data captured by the camera 60, and an equipment control unit 50c that controls the amount of expansion and contraction of the angle change unit 40 in accordance with the difference detected by the difference detection unit 50b.

[0074] The model storage unit 50a, difference detection unit 50b, and device control unit 50c are shown as virtual units that represent the functions of the control unit 50, and do not mean that they physically exist. Also, the control unit 50 is connected to a display device 52 that displays an image captured by the camera 60 and a 3D model stored in the model storage unit 50a in a superimposed manner.

[0075] Next, the detection of the difference performed by the control unit 50 and the associated control of the angle change unit 40 will be described.

[0076] The difference detection unit 50b of the control unit 50 acquires an image of a predetermined position on the surface 31a of the panel member 31 captured by the camera 60 as current position information, and acquires planned position information from the 3D model (reference symbol M in FIG. 5) stored in the model storage unit 50a, which indicates what the planned position of the predetermined position on the surface 31a of the panel member 31 in the acquired image was. Then, based on the acquired current position information and planned position information, the amount of movement (difference) by which the panel member 31 should be moved is detected.

[0077] Specifically, as shown in Fig. 5, for example, an arbitrary point P1 on the surface 31a of the panel member 31 is extracted from the captured image data, and the shortest distance L1 between the extracted point P1 and the design surface MP of the 3D model M stored in the model storage unit 50a is detected as the amount of movement (difference) by which the panel member 31 should be moved. Note that Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the portion indicated by arrow B in Fig. 1 to explain an example of a method for detecting the difference between the planned position of the panel member 31 and the current position of the panel member 31, and is different from the content displayed on the screen of the display device 52.

[0078] 5, the design surface MP of the 3D model M corresponds to the planned position display surface that indicates the planned position of the panel member 31, and point P1 (extracted point P1) at the top end of the surface 31a of the panel member 31 corresponds to the current position display point that indicates the current position of the panel member 31. The shortest distance L1 between the planned position display surface and the current position display point is detected as the difference.

[0079] The current position display point (point P1) may be, for example, a point on the line of intersection between the operation plane of angle change unit 40, which includes the operation axis when angle change unit 40 is extended and the operation axis when angle change unit 40 is contracted, and the surface 31a of panel member 31. In this case, the shortest distance between the extracted point and a straight line on the 3D model corresponding to the line of intersection is detected as the amount of movement (difference). A line corresponding to the above-mentioned line of intersection may be displayed in advance on the surface 31a of panel member 31 to facilitate extraction of the current position display point.

[0080] Furthermore, the current position display point (point P1) is not limited to a point at the top end of the surface 31a of the panel member 31 shown in Figure 5 or a point on the above-mentioned intersection line, but may be any point that is pre-set on the surface 31a of the panel member 31.

[0081] The amount of movement detected by the difference detection unit 50b is sent to the device control unit 50c, where it is converted into an amount of extension or contraction of the angle change unit 40. Then, the device control unit 50c controls, for example, the amount of hydraulic oil supplied to or discharged from the angle change unit 40 so that the angle change unit 40 extends or contracts by the set amount of extension or contraction.

[0082] The detected difference is displayed in real time on the display device 52 using so-called augmented reality (AR), together with the extracted point P1, the image captured by the camera 60, and the design surface MP of the 3D model. Therefore, by looking at the display device 52, the worker can grasp the degree to which the panel member 31 (formwork) is deviated from the design surface, and can also confirm that the distance between the panel member 31 captured by the camera 60 and the design surface MP of the 3D model displayed as augmented reality is gradually decreasing as the angle change unit 40 expands and contracts in accordance with the difference.

[0083] The above-described control performed by the control unit 50 is carried out following the form moving step of the above-described form setting method.

[0084] Next, the flow of the above-mentioned control performed by the control unit 50 will be described with reference to the flow chart of FIG.

[0085] First, in step S11, it is determined whether or not the form moving step performed in the above-described form installation method has been completed, that is, whether or not the lower end of the panel member 31 (form) has come into contact with the existing concrete 1 by bringing the moving unit 20 closer to the existing concrete 1. Whether or not the lower end of the panel member 31 is in contact with the existing concrete 1 is detected by, for example, a proximity sensor or a pressure switch.

[0086] If it is determined that the form moving step is completed, the process proceeds to step S12, where the camera 60 captures an image of the surface 31a of the panel member 31.

[0087] In the subsequent step S13, the difference between the pre-planned planned position of the panel member 31 and the current position of the panel member 31 is detected based on the 3D model data pre-stored in the model memory unit 50a and the image data captured by the camera 60 in step S12 (difference detection process).

[0088] Specifically, as described above, the shortest distance L1 between an arbitrary point P1 on the surface 31a of the panel member 31 extracted from the captured image data and the design surface MP of the 3D model M stored in the model memory unit 50a is detected as the difference.

[0089] When a difference is detected in step S13, it is determined in step S14 whether the difference is greater than a predetermined threshold, i.e., whether the deviation of the surface 31a of the panel member 31 relative to the plan surface is so great that the position of the panel member 31 must be corrected.

[0090] In step S14, if it is determined that the difference is greater than the threshold value, it is determined that the position of the panel member 31 needs to be corrected and the process proceeds to step S15, and if it is determined that the difference is less than the threshold value, it is determined that the position of the panel member 31 does not need to be corrected and the control of the angle change unit 40 is terminated.

[0091] In step S15, the angle change unit 40 is operated in accordance with the detected difference, thereby moving the position of the panel member 31 closer to the pre-planned planned position of the panel member 31, i.e., the design surface MP of the 3D model M stored in the model storage unit 50a (formwork position adjustment step). Specifically, the angle change unit 40 is extended or contracted by the amount of extension or contraction converted from the difference, in the direction in which the difference detected in step S13 becomes smaller.

[0092] When the extension and contraction of angle change unit 40 is completed in step S15 and the position of panel member 31 is changed, the process proceeds to step S16, where camera 60 again captures an image of surface 31a of panel member 31. Note that imaging by camera 60 may start from step S12 and continue throughout the time when the above-mentioned steps S13 to S15 are being performed.

[0093] In the subsequent step S17, similar to step S13, the difference between the pre-planned planned position of the panel member 31 and the current position of the panel member 31 is detected as the post-adjustment difference after the position adjustment of the panel member 31 has been performed.

[0094] Then, when a difference after adjustment is detected in step S17, it is verified in step S18 whether or not the deviation has been sufficiently eliminated by extending or contracting the angle change unit 40 in step S15 (post-adjustment difference confirmation step). Specifically, similar to step S14, it is determined whether or not the difference is larger than a preset threshold value.

[0095] If it is determined in step S18 that the difference is greater than the threshold value, it is determined that the position of the panel member 31 needs to be corrected again, and the process returns to step S15, where a process of bringing the position of the panel member 31 closer to the pre-planned position of the panel member 31 (formwork position readjustment process) is performed again. On the other hand, if it is determined that the difference is equal to or less than the threshold value, it is determined that the correction of the position of the panel member 31 has been completed, and the control of the angle changing unit 40 is terminated.

[0096] In addition, if it is determined in step S18 that the difference is greater than the threshold value multiple times and the processes of steps S15 to S18 are repeated many times, there is a possibility that there is an abnormality in the angle change unit 40 or in the detection of the difference, so in such a case, it may be determined that some abnormality has occurred and control of the angle change unit 40 may be terminated.

[0097] In this way, through this series of steps, the degree to which the panel member 31 (formwork) is misaligned with the pre-planned design surface is automatically detected, and the angle change unit 40 is appropriately controlled to expand and contract so as to eliminate the misalignment, thereby automatically adjusting the panel member 31 to be positioned along the pre-planned design surface.

[0098] According to the above-described embodiment, the following advantageous effects are achieved.

[0099] In this embodiment, the panel member 31 (formwork) undergoes a formwork movement process, a difference detection process, and a formwork position adjustment process, and is brought closer to the pre-planned position of the panel member 31, i.e., the design surface MP of the 3D model M stored in the model storage unit 50a. In this way, the position of the panel member 31 installed to pour new concrete is automatically adjusted to the pre-planned position, even if the existing concrete 1 is formed slightly deviated from the plan. This prevents deviations from accumulating, and as a result, the construction accuracy of the concrete structure constructed using the panel member 31 can be improved.

[0100] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the degree to which the panel member 31 (formwork) is misaligned with the pre-planned design surface MP of the concrete structure is automatically detected, and the inclination of the panel member 31 is automatically adjusted to eliminate the misalignment. By automatically adjusting the inclination of the panel member 31 in this way, the adjustment work can be performed more efficiently than when a worker manually adjusts the operation of the moving unit 20 and the angle changing unit 40 while checking the inclination of the panel member 31. As a result, the construction cost of the concrete structure can be reduced and the construction period can be shortened.

[0101] In addition, in this embodiment, an arbitrary point P1 on the surface 31a of the panel member 31 is extracted from the data of the captured image, and the shortest distance L1 between the extracted point P1 and the design surface MP of the 3D model M stored in the model memory unit 50a is detected as the amount of movement (difference) by which the panel member 31 should be moved.

[0102] Here, one possible method for correcting the position of the extracted point P1 is to determine the coordinates of where the extracted point P1 should have been in the plan from the 3D model M, and then compare the determined coordinates with the coordinates of the extracted point P1.

[0103] However, even if the coordinates are misaligned in the front-to-back, up-down, or left-to-right directions, it is not realistic to move the panel member 31 slightly in each of the directions to eliminate the misalignment, as this would require a complex mechanism and would require a great deal of effort and time.

[0104] In contrast to this, in this embodiment, as described above, the amount of movement of the panel member 31 is calculated from the shortest distance between the point and the surface. Therefore, it is possible to easily adjust the position of the panel member 31 to a pre-planned position using a relatively simple mechanism.

[0105] Next, modified examples of this embodiment will be described. Note that the following modified examples are also within the scope of the present invention, and it is possible to combine the configuration shown in the modified example with the configuration described in the above embodiment, or to combine the configurations described in the following different modified examples.

[0106] In the above embodiment, the form information acquirer is a camera 60 capable of capturing an image of the surface 31a of the panel member 31. The form information acquirer is not limited to the camera 60, and a total station capable of acquiring position information of a visual target provided on the surface 31a of the panel member 31 using light waves such as laser light may also be used.

[0107] In this case, a visual target capable of reflecting light waves emitted from the total station is provided at a predetermined position on the surface 31a of the panel member 31. A plurality of visual targets are arranged, for example, on the intersection line formed when the surface 31a of the panel member 31 intersects with the operating plane of the angle change unit 40, which includes the operating axis when the angle change unit 40 is extended and the operating axis when the angle change unit 40 is contracted.

[0108] The control unit 50 then detects the difference between the position of the target measured by the total station and the design line along which the target should be located in design. The design line along which the target should be located in design is a line on the design surface MP of the above-mentioned 3D model M, and is stored in advance in the control unit 50 as a linear equation.

[0109] When such a difference is detected, as in the above embodiment, the angle change unit 40 is appropriately controlled to expand and contract so that the difference becomes smaller, and the panel member 31 is automatically adjusted so that it is positioned along the pre-planned design surface.

[0110] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above embodiments merely illustrate some of the application examples of the present invention, and it is not intended that the technical scope of the present invention be limited to the specific configurations of the above embodiments. [Explanation of symbols]

[0111] 100...Formwork equipment 1. Existing concrete 10...Base 20. Moving part 30 Formwork member 31 Panel member (formwork) 40 Angle change section 50 Control unit 60···Camera (formwork information acquisition device)

Claims

1. A formwork installation method for installing a formwork for pouring new concrete by layering it on existing concrete using a formwork device, The formwork device is a base supported by the existing concrete; a moving unit that is movable on the base in a direction toward and away from the existing concrete; The formwork is rotatably supported by the moving part; an angle change unit that can change the angle of the formwork relative to the moving unit; a control unit that controls the operation of the movement unit and the angle change unit, The formwork installation method includes: a form moving process in which the moving part is brought close to the existing concrete so that a part of the form is brought into contact with the existing concrete; a difference detection step of detecting a difference between a previously planned position of the formwork and a current position of the formwork; a form position adjustment step of activating the angle change unit in accordance with the difference to bring the position of the form closer to the planned position, In the difference detection step, the shortest distance between a planned position display surface indicating the pre-stored planned position of the formwork and a current position display point indicating the current position of the formwork acquired by a formwork information acquirer is detected as the difference. Formwork installation method.

2. a difference confirmation process for confirming a difference after adjustment between the planned position of the formwork and the current position of the formwork after the formwork position adjustment process is performed; and a form position readjustment step of activating the angle change unit in accordance with the post-adjustment difference to bring the position of the form closer to the planned position. The formwork installation method according to claim 1.

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