Rotating machines

Abstract

To provide a rotary machine having a rotor and a stator using permanent magnets in which energy to be inputted for continuing a rotary motion can be reduced to increase the total efficiency of an engine.SOLUTION: A rotary machine includes: a rotor 1 attached with a permanent magnet 1a; a stator 2 attached with a permanent magnet 2a; and a magnetic deflector 3 attached with a permanent magnet 3a. The stator 2 has a rotational shaft 2c whose distance and angle can be changed with respect to the rotor 1, and has a structure being capable of oscillating about the rotational shaft 2c with an actuator 4. The magnetic deflector 3 is set near the stator 2. When the stator 2 comes close to the magnetic deflector 3, a magnetic force of the stator 2 moves from the rotor 1 to the magnetic deflector 3. Therefore, the rotor 1 can continue the rotary motion without being restrained.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a rotating machine having a rotor and a stator on which permanent magnets are installed, and which maintains the rotational motion of the rotor by the mutual magnetic force. [Background technology]

[0002] Until now, in rotating machines with a rotor made of permanent magnets and a stator made of permanent magnets, the rotor rotates due to the attractive force between the permanent magnets of the rotor and the stator, but it has been known that the rotational movement of the rotor is then restricted by the attractive force between the rotor and the stator. Therefore, in order to prevent the rotational motion of the rotor from being restricted, some motors move the stator and change the distance and angle between it and the rotor, thereby weakening the attractive force between the rotor and stator and allowing the rotor's rotational motion to continue. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] U.S. Patent 4.179.633

[0004] [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2011-97815 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, moving the stator to change the distance and angle between it and the rotor requires an external input, which consumes a large amount of energy, resulting in a problem of reduced input / output efficiency of the rotating machine.

[0006] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a rotating machine that can reduce the force required to move the stator and increase the input and output efficiency of the entire engine. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] A rotating machine according to the present invention is a rotating machine including a rotor to which a permanent magnet is attached, a stator to which a permanent magnet is attached, and a magnetic deflector to which a permanent magnet is attached.

[0008] When the permanent magnets of the rotor and the permanent magnets of the stator approach each other, the mutual attractive force causes the rotor to generate a rotational force.

[0009] The stator has a rotation axis that can change the distance and angle between it and the rotor, and an actuator is used to input a phase change around the rotation axis to the stator, thereby changing the force with which the stator attracts the rotor.

[0010] Furthermore, by installing a magnetic deflector equipped with a permanent magnet near the stator, when the stator approaches the magnetic deflector, the magnetic force of the magnetic deflector attracts the magnetic force of the stator, thereby weakening the attractive force between the stator and rotor. The rotating machine is characterized by these structures.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotating machine according to the present invention has a rotor structure in which a plurality of permanent magnets are attached so that the attractive force between the rotor and the stator changes depending on the phase of the rotor.

[0012] The stator structure has multiple permanent magnets arranged in the same polar direction, with gap material or space between each permanent magnet, and further includes a stator with a rotating shaft whose distance and angle with the rotor can be changed.

[0013] The structure of the magnetic deflector is such that a magnetic deflector with a permanent magnet attached is placed near the stator, and when the stator approaches the magnetic deflector, the magnetic force of the magnetic deflector attracts the magnetic force of the stator, thereby weakening the attractive force between the stator and rotor. The rotating machine is characterized by these structures.

[0014] Furthermore, a rotating machine according to the present invention is characterized in that the magnetic deflector has an electromagnet in addition to the permanent magnet.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotating machine according to the present invention is characterized by a structure in which a plurality of stators are arranged adjacent to each other around the rotor, and a magnetic deflector is not required. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] When the rotor and stator approach each other, the rotor begins to rotate due to the attractive force of their permanent magnets. After that, the actuator inputs a phase change around the rotation axis to the stator, bringing the stator closer to the magnetic deflector.

[0017] As a result, the magnetic force of the magnetic deflector attracts the magnetic force of the stator, weakening the attractive force between the rotor and stator, and the rotor is released from the attractive force with the stator. As a result, the rotation of the rotor is not restricted by the magnetic force of the stator, and it can continue to rotate.

[0018] The permanent magnet of the rotor, released from the magnetic force of the stator, moves toward the stator again after completing one rotation, and they are attracted to each other. This attractive force reduces the input power required by the actuator to move the stator away from the magnetic deflector.

[0019] For the reasons mentioned above, the rotational motion is generated by the attractive force between the stator and rotor, and by intermittently changing the attractive force between the rotor and stator using a magnetic deflector, the rotational motion can be sustained without being restricted. Also, the input power required to move the stator can be reduced. As a result, the relationship between the input and output of this device can be made highly efficient.

[0020] Furthermore, in the stator structure, by arranging multiple permanent magnets and placing gap material between each permanent magnet, or by using a space structure, the area over which the magnetic force of the stator attracts the rotor can be increased.

[0021] This reduces the dead zone between the rotor and stator, and increases the rotational motion, making it easier for the rotor to be released from the attractive force with the stator. As a result, the relationship between the input and output of this device can be made highly efficient.

[0022] Furthermore, in the structure of the magnetic deflector, by setting an electromagnet in addition to a permanent magnet, the responsiveness of the magnetic force between the stator and the magnetic deflector can be improved.

[0023] This reduces the time that the rotor's motion is inhibited by the attractive force of the stator, resulting in a highly efficient output-to-input relationship in this device.

[0024] In addition, the arrangement in which multiple stators are installed around the rotor and the magnetic deflector is eliminated allows for increased output and improved operating efficiency. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0025] [Figure 1] Plan view of the first embodiment [Figure 2] A perspective view of the stator (2) of the first embodiment [Figure 3] A perspective view of the magnetic deflector (3) of the first embodiment. [Figure 4] Operational steps of the first embodiment [Figure 5] Plan view of the second embodiment [Figure 6] A perspective view of a stator (20) according to a second embodiment. [Figure 7] Operational steps of the second embodiment [Figure 8] Plan view of the third embodiment [Figure 9] A perspective view of a magnetic deflector (31) according to a third embodiment. [Figure 10] Operational steps of the third embodiment [Figure 11] Plan view of the fourth embodiment [Figure 12] System diagram of the electric control device (51) of the third embodiment DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0026] 1 is a plan view of a rotating machine according to the first embodiment. The rotating machine according to the first embodiment has a rotor (1) to which a permanent magnet (1a) is attached, a stator (2) to which a permanent magnet (2a) is attached, and a magnetic deflector (3) to which a permanent magnet (3a) is attached for breaking the attractive force between the rotor (1) and the stator (2).

[0027] The rotor (1) in FIG. 1 has a structure in which a permanent magnet (1a) is attached to a fixed base (1f) having an output shaft (1c).

[0028] The structure of the stator (2) in Figure 2 is a permanent magnet (2a) attached to a fixed base (2f) with a rotating shaft (2c). The stator (2) receives input from the actuator (4) via a connecting rod (4e), causing it to swing around the rotating shaft (2c), changing the distance and angle relative to the rotor (1) and magnetic deflector (3).

[0029] The magnetic deflector (3) shown in Fig. 3 has a structure in which a permanent magnet (3a) is attached to a fixed base (3f). This magnetic deflector (3) is fixed near the stator (2).

[0030] FIG. 4 shows the operation steps (F-1 to F-4) of the first embodiment. In the operating process (F-1) in Figure 4, the permanent magnet (1a) of the rotor (1) and the permanent magnet (2a) of the stator (2) attract each other due to their mutual magnetic force. As the permanent magnet (1a) tries to move to a position that reduces the distance between it and the permanent magnet (2a), the rotor (1) begins to rotate around the output shaft (1c).

[0031] In the operating phase (F-2) in Figure 4, the rotor (1) reaches the position where the distance between the permanent magnet (1a) of the rotor (1) and the permanent magnet (2a) of the stator (2) is smallest. At this point, the rotor (1) has kinetic energy, and its inertial force will cause it to continue rotating.

[0032] In the operating step (F-3) of Fig. 4, the rotor (1) continues to rotate, and the distance between the permanent magnet (1a) of the rotor (1) and the permanent magnet (2a) of the stator (2) increases. Therefore, the attractive force between the permanent magnet (1a) and the permanent magnet (2a) acts in a direction that inhibits the rotation of the rotor (1).

[0033] In operation step (F-4) in Figure 4, input from actuator (4) moves permanent magnet (2a) of stator (2) closer to permanent magnet (3a) of magnetic deflector (3). This action shifts the target that permanent magnet (2a) of stator (2) is trying to attract from permanent magnet (1a) of rotor (1) to permanent magnet (3a) of magnetic deflector (3).

[0034] As a result, the permanent magnet (1a) of the rotor (1) is released from the attractive force from the permanent magnet (2a) of the stator (2), and the rotor (1) continues to rotate due to its own inertia.

[0035] During the operation process (F-1 → F-4) in Figure 4, the rotor (1) continues to rotate, and after completing one revolution, the permanent magnet (1a) of the rotor (1) again reaches a position where it can be attracted to the permanent magnet (2a) of the stator (2). At the same time, the actuator (4) pulls the permanent magnet (2a) of the stator (2) away from the permanent magnet (3a) of the magnetic deflector (3) and guides it to a position where it can be attracted to the permanent magnet (1a) of the rotor (1). This returns the rotor to the state of operation process (F-1).

[0036] The effect of the first embodiment is that by repeating the above series of operations, the rotor (1) rotates due to the attractive force between it and the stator (2). Furthermore, because the attractive force changes intermittently, the rotation can be sustained without being inhibited. As a result, high efficiency can be obtained.

[0037] 5 is a plan view of a rotating machine according to a second embodiment. The rotating machine according to the second embodiment has a rotor (10) to which a plurality of permanent magnets (10a) are attached, a stator (20) to which a plurality of permanent magnets (20a) are attached, and a magnetic deflector (3) to which a permanent magnet (3a) is attached for breaking the attractive force between the rotor (10) and the stator (20).

[0038] The rotor (10) shown in Fig. 5 has a structure in which multiple permanent magnets (10a) are attached to a fixed base (10f) having an output shaft (10c). The distance between each permanent magnet (10a) and the output shaft (10c) is not uniform, but is arranged at positions that gradually change depending on the phase of the rotor (10).

[0039] The stator (20) shown in Figure 6 has a structure in which multiple permanent magnets (20a) are attached to a fixed base (20f) having a rotating shaft (20c). The multiple permanent magnets (20a) are arranged with their magnetic poles facing in the same direction, and gaps (20b) are provided between the permanent magnets (20a). The gaps (20b) are made of a magnetic or non-magnetic material. Alternatively, the gaps (20b) may be empty space. The stator (20) is driven by an actuator (40) via a connecting rod (40e) and swings around the rotating shaft (20c), changing the distance and angle relative to the rotor (10) and magnetic deflector (3).

[0040] The structure of the magnetic deflector (3) in Fig. 5 is the same as that of the magnetic deflector (3) of the first embodiment shown in Fig. 3, and is configured such that a permanent magnet (3a) is attached to a fixed base (3f). This magnetic deflector (3) is fixed near the stator (20).

[0041] FIG. 7 shows the operation steps (F-1 to F-4) of the second embodiment. In the operating step (F-1) in Fig. 7, the permanent magnet (10a) of the rotor (10) and the permanent magnet (20a) of the stator (20) attract each other due to their mutual magnetic force. The permanent magnets (10a) and (20a) attempt to move to positions where they are closest to each other, and the rotor (10) begins to rotate around the output shaft (10c).

[0042] In the operation step (F-2) in Fig. 7, the rotor (10) reaches a position where the distance between the permanent magnets (10a) of the rotor (10) and the permanent magnets (20a) of the stator (20) is smallest. At this point, the rotor (10) has kinetic energy, and its inertial force will cause it to continue rotating.

[0043] In the operating step (F-3) in Fig. 7, the rotor (10) continues to rotate, and the distance between the permanent magnet (10a) of the rotor (10) and the permanent magnet (20a) of the stator (20) increases. Therefore, the attractive force between the permanent magnet (10a) and the permanent magnet (20a) acts in a direction that inhibits the rotation of the rotor (10).

[0044] In operation step (F-4) in Fig. 7, the input from the actuator (40) moves the permanent magnet (20a) of the stator (20) closer to the permanent magnet (3a) of the magnetic deflector (3). This operation shifts the target that the permanent magnet (20a) of the stator (20) tries to attract from the permanent magnet (10a) of the rotor (10) to the permanent magnet (3a) of the magnetic deflector (3).

[0045] As a result, the permanent magnets (10a) of the rotor (10) are released from the attractive force from the permanent magnets (20a) of the stator (20), and the rotor (10) continues to rotate due to its own inertial force.

[0046] During the operation process (F-4 → F-1) in Figure 7, the rotor (10) continues to rotate, and after completing one revolution, the permanent magnet (10a) of the rotor (10) again reaches a position where it can be attracted to the permanent magnet (20a) of the stator (20). At the same time, the actuator (40) moves the permanent magnet (20a) of the stator (20) away from the permanent magnet (3a) of the magnetic deflector (3) and guides it to a position where it can be attracted to the permanent magnet (10a) of the rotor (10). This returns the rotor to the state of operation process (F-1).

[0047] The effect of the second embodiment is that, compared to the first embodiment, the above-described structure increases the area where the magnetic forces of the permanent magnets (10a) of the rotor (10) and the permanent magnets (20a) of the stator (20) attract each other, thereby reducing the dead zone, thereby increasing output and, as a result, achieving high efficiency.

[0048] Fig. 8 is a plan view of a rotating machine according to a third embodiment. The rotating machine according to the third embodiment is different from the rotating machine according to the second embodiment shown in Fig. 5 in that the magnetic deflector (3) is replaced with a magnetic deflector (31) that uses both an electromagnet (31d) and a permanent magnet (31a).

[0049] The rotor (10) in FIG. 8 is the same as the rotor of the second embodiment shown in FIG.

[0050] The stator 20 in FIG. 8 is the same as the stator of the second embodiment shown in FIG.

[0051] The magnetic deflector (31) in FIG. 9 has a structure in which an electromagnet (31d) and a permanent electromagnet (31a) are attached to a fixed base (31f), and this magnetic deflector (31) is fixed near the stator (20). The electromagnet (31d) is operated by an electric control device (51).

[0052] FIG. 10 shows the operation steps (F-1 to F-4) of the third embodiment. In the operating step (F-1) in Fig. 10, the permanent magnet (10a) of the rotor (10) and the permanent magnet (20a) of the stator (20) attract each other due to their mutual magnetic force. The permanent magnets (10a) and (20a) attempt to move to positions where they are closest to each other, and the rotor (10) begins to rotate around the output shaft (10c).

[0053] In the operating phase (F-2) of Fig. 10, the rotor (10) reaches a position where the distance between the permanent magnets (10a) of the rotor (10) and the permanent magnets (20a) of the stator (20) is smallest. At this point, the rotor (10) has kinetic energy, and its inertial force will cause it to continue rotating.

[0054] In the operating stroke (F-3) of Fig. 10, the rotor (10) continues to rotate, and the distance between the permanent magnet (10a) of the rotor (10) and the permanent magnet (20a) of the stator (20) increases. Therefore, the attractive force between the permanent magnet (10a) and the permanent magnet (20a) acts in a direction that inhibits the rotation of the rotor (10).

[0055] In operation step (F-4) of Figure 10, the electromagnet (31d) of the magnetic deflector (31) is activated to attract the magnetic force of the permanent magnet (20a) of the stator (20). Also, input from the actuator (40) moves the permanent magnet (20a) of the stator (20) closer to the magnetic deflector (31). These operations cause the object of attraction in the permanent magnet (20a) of the stator (20) to shift from the permanent magnet (10a) of the rotor (10) to the electromagnet (31d) of the magnetic deflector (31).

[0056] As a result, the permanent magnets (10a) of the rotor (10) are released from the attractive force from the permanent magnets (20a) of the stator (20), and the rotor (10) continues to rotate due to its own inertial force.

[0057] During the operating stroke (F-4 → F-1) in Figure 10, the rotor (10) continues to rotate, and after completing one rotation, the permanent magnet (10a) of the rotor (10) again reaches a position where it can attract the permanent magnet (20a) of the stator (20).

[0058] The electromagnet 31d of the magnetic deflector 31 is operated in a direction that repels the permanent magnet 20a of the stator 20, applying a force that pulls the stator 20 away from the magnetic deflector 31. At the same time, the actuator 40 guides the permanent magnet 20a of the stator 20 to a position where it can attract the permanent magnet 10a of the rotor 10. This returns the state to that of the operating stroke F-1.

[0059] The effect of the third embodiment is that by adding an electromagnet (31d) to the permanent magnet (31a) in the magnetic deflector (31), the response of the magnetic force between the stator (20) and the magnetic deflector (31) can be improved, and the time during which the rotational motion of the rotor (10) is inhibited by the attractive force of the stator (20) can be reduced, resulting in high efficiency.

[0060] Fig. 11 is a plan view of a rotating machine of a fourth embodiment. The rotating machine of the fourth embodiment is different from the rotating machine of the second embodiment shown in Fig. 5 in that a plurality of stators 20 are installed and the magnetic force of the adjacent stators 20 substitutes for the function of the magnetic deflector 3, thereby eliminating the magnetic deflector 3.

[0061] The rotor (10) and the stator (20) are the same as those in the second embodiment.

[0062] The effect of the fourth embodiment is that the above-described structure allows for more stators (20) to be installed than in the second embodiment, thereby generating a larger output, and as a result, achieving high efficiency.

[0063] FIG. 12 shows a system diagram of an electric control device (51) of the third embodiment. The electric control device (51) receives an output shaft angle sensor value (1g), a stator angle sensor value (2g), a target command value (3g), and a power supply (4g).

[0064] The electric control device (51) calculates and operates the actuator (40) and the electromagnet (31d) of the magnetic deflector (31) with appropriate amounts and timing.

[0065] Moreover, by strongly operating the electromagnet (31d) of the magnetic deflector (31), the movement of the stator (20) by the actuator (40) can be reduced or eliminated.

[0066] In the first and second embodiments, an electric control device (5) and an electric control device (50) that do not use the output of the electromagnet (31d) are used. [Explanation of symbols]

[0067] 1,10: Rotor 2,20 : Stator 3,31: Magnetic deflector 4: Actuator 5,50,51: Electrical control device 1a,2a,3a,10a,20a,31a: Permanent magnet 20b: Gap material 1c,10c: Output shaft 2c, 20c: Rotation axis 31d : Electromagnet 4e,40e : Connecting rod 1f,2f,3f,10f,20f,31f: Fixed stand 1g: Output shaft angle sensor value 2g: Stator angle sensor value 3g: Target command value 4g : power supply F-1,F-2,F-3,F-4: Operation stroke

Claims

1. A rotating machine comprising a rotor with a permanent magnet attached, a stator with a permanent magnet attached, and a magnetic deflector with a permanent magnet attached, wherein the stator has a rotation axis that can change the distance and angle between the stator and the rotor, and is configured to be movable around the rotation axis by an actuator, and the magnetic deflector is installed in a nearby position where it can attract the magnetism of the stator, thereby weakening the magnetic attraction relationship between the stator and the rotor.

2. 2. The rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotor has a structure in which a plurality of permanent magnets are attached in an arrangement in which the attractive force with the stator changes depending on the phase of the rotor, and the stator has a structure in which the plurality of permanent magnets are arranged in the same polar direction, with a gap material or a space being sandwiched between adjacent permanent magnets.

3. 3. The rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic deflector has a structure in which an electromagnet is provided in addition to a permanent magnet.

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