Expansion and shrinkage suppression tool for wooden shaft members and method for protecting wooden shaft members

Abstract

A tool for suppressing expansion and contraction of a wooden shaft member, which can suppress expansion and contraction of a wooden shaft member, and a method for protecting a wooden shaft member are provided. [Solution] The axial end face 21 of a first shaft member 11, which is a wooden shaft member, includes a first butt end face 21a and a second butt end face 21b. The first shaft member 11 is provided with a hole 23 that extends in a direction intersecting the axial direction and opens at the outer peripheral surface 22 of the first shaft member 11. The expansion / contraction suppression jig 17 includes a cover 40 that is attached to the axial end of the first shaft member 11. The cover 40 has a first covering portion 41 that covers the first butt end face 21a and the second butt end face 21b, and a second covering portion 42 that covers the hole 23.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a tool for suppressing expansion and contraction of a wooden shaft member and a method for protecting a wooden shaft member. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a wooden beam, which is one type of wooden shaft member. The wooden beam has holes extending in a direction intersecting the direction in which the wooden beam extends. Drift pins for connecting the wooden beam to a beam support plate are inserted into the holes. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2024-24423 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] When a wooden shaft is exposed to water or stored in a humid environment, it absorbs moisture and expands. When a wooden shaft is stored in a dry environment, the moisture in the wooden shaft evaporates, causing it to shrink. When the wooden shaft expands or contracts, the hole position shifts. If the hole position shifts, the wooden shaft may crack when the drift pin connects the wooden shaft to the beam support plate. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] (1) An expansion / contraction suppression jig for a wooden shaft member that solves the above problem comprises a cover attached to the axial end of the wooden shaft member, the axial end face of the wooden shaft member including a butt end surface, the wooden shaft member is provided with a hole that extends in a direction intersecting the axial direction and opens on the outer peripheral surface of the wooden shaft member, and the cover has a first covering portion that covers the butt end surface and a second covering portion that covers the hole.

[0006] With this configuration, the first covering portion of the cover covers the butt end surface, which is the surface that easily absorbs or evaporates moisture, thereby preventing the wooden shaft member from absorbing or evaporating moisture from the butt end surface. Furthermore, the second covering portion of the cover covers the holes, preventing the wooden shaft member from absorbing or evaporating moisture through the holes. Therefore, expansion and contraction of the wooden shaft member can be suppressed. As a result, misalignment of the holes can be suppressed.

[0007] (2) In the expansion / contraction suppression jig for a wooden shaft member described in (1) above, the cross-sectional shape of the wooden shaft member is rectangular, the outer surface has two first surfaces that form a pair in the direction in which the hole extends and two second surfaces that form a pair in a direction that intersects both the axial direction and the direction in which the hole extends, and the second covering portion has two first plate portions that contact the two first surfaces and two second plate portions that contact the two second surfaces.

[0008] With this configuration, the two first plates sandwich the wooden shaft member in the direction in which the holes extend, and the two second plates sandwich the wooden shaft member in a direction intersecting both the axial direction and the direction in which the holes extend, making it difficult for the cover attached to the axial end of the wooden shaft member to come off.

[0009] (3) In the expansion and contraction suppression jig for a wooden shaft member described above in (2), a slit is provided in the end surface, the slit extends from one of the second surfaces to the other of the second surfaces, and the second plate portion covers the slit.

[0010] With this configuration, the second plate portion covers the slit, which prevents the wooden shaft member from absorbing or evaporating moisture through the slit, thereby further suppressing expansion and contraction of the wooden shaft member.

[0011] (4) In the expansion / contraction suppression jig for a wooden shaft member described in (3) above, two slits are provided on the end face, and the end face has two first butt faces as the butt faces located outside the two slits, a second butt face as the butt face located between the two slits and recessed relative to the first butt faces, and a connecting face located between the first butt faces and the second butt faces, and the first covering portion has a first portion covering the first butt faces, a second portion covering the second butt faces, and a third portion covering the connecting face.

[0012] With this configuration, the first covering portion has a shape corresponding to the end face of the wooden shaft member, so the gap between the first covering portion and the end face is small, thereby further suppressing expansion and contraction of the wooden shaft member.

[0013] (5) In the expansion / contraction suppressing jig for a wooden shaft member according to any one of (1) to (4) above, the cover is made of metal, resin, rubber, or a composite material thereof. This configuration improves the adhesion of the cover to the wooden shaft member.

[0014] (6) A method for protecting a wooden shaft member that solves the above problem is to store the wooden shaft member with any one of the expansion and contraction suppression jigs for wooden shaft members (1) to (5) attached to the axial end of the wooden shaft member.

[0015] According to this method, the wooden shaft member is stored with the butt end surface, which is the surface that easily absorbs or evaporates moisture, covered by the first covering portion of the cover. This prevents the wooden shaft member from absorbing or evaporating moisture from the butt end surface. Furthermore, the wooden shaft member is stored with the holes covered by the second covering portion of the cover. This prevents the wooden shaft member from absorbing or evaporating moisture through the holes. This prevents the wooden shaft member from expanding and contracting. As a result, it prevents the holes from shifting position. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] According to the expansion and contraction suppression jig for a wooden shaft member and the method for protecting a wooden shaft member of the present disclosure, expansion and contraction of the wooden shaft member can be suppressed. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the framework of a building. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the framework of a building. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a first shaft member and a cover attached to the first shaft member. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing a first shaft member and a cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] 1 to 4, a jig 17 for suppressing expansion and contraction of a wooden shaft member and a method for protecting a wooden shaft member according to this embodiment will be described. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a framework 10 of a building comprises a first shaft member 11, a second shaft member 12, and a connecting hardware 13, which are wooden shaft members. In this embodiment, the first shaft member 11 and the second shaft member 12 are each a cross member extending horizontally. The axial direction of the first shaft member 11 and the axial direction of the second shaft member 12 are perpendicular to each other. In this embodiment, the first shaft member 11 and the second shaft member 12 are each made of wood.

[0019] The first shaft member 11 is manufactured by cutting wood. The axial direction of the first shaft member 11 is the same as the grain direction of the wood. The axial end surface 21 of the first shaft member 11 is formed by a cut surface obtained by cutting the wood in a direction intersecting the grain direction. Therefore, the end surface 21 of the first shaft member 11 includes an end grain surface. The end grain surface is the surface on which annual rings are visible.

[0020] The first shaft member 11 has holes 23. The first shaft member 11 of this embodiment has four holes 23. The holes 23 extend in a direction intersecting the axial direction of the first shaft member 11. In this embodiment, the direction in which the holes 23 extend is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first shaft member 11. The holes 23 open on the outer peripheral surface 22 of the first shaft member 11.

[0021] The cross-sectional shape of the first shaft member 11 in this embodiment is rectangular. The outer peripheral surface 22 of the first shaft member 11 has two first surfaces 22a and two second surfaces 22b. The two first surfaces 22a form a pair in the direction in which the hole 23 extends. A first end of the hole 23 opens in one of the first surfaces 22a, and a second end of the hole 23 opens in the other first surface 22a. The two second surfaces 22b form a pair in a direction intersecting both the axial direction of the first shaft member 11 and the direction in which the hole 23 extends.

[0022] In this embodiment, two slits 24 are provided in the end surface 21 of the first shaft member 11. The two slits 24 are arranged side by side with a gap between them in the direction in which the hole 23 extends. The slits 24 extend from one second surface 22b to the other second surface 22b. The hole 23 passes through the two slits 24.

[0023] The end face 21 of the first shaft member 11 in this embodiment has two first butt end faces 21a, a second butt end face 21b, and two connecting faces 21c. The two first butt end faces 21a and the second butt end face 21b are faces that are perpendicular to the axial direction of the first shaft member 11. Therefore, the two first butt end faces 21a and the second butt end face 21b are butt end faces. The two first butt end faces 21a are located outside the two slits 24. The second butt end face 21b is located between the two slits 24. The second butt end face 21b is located in a position recessed with respect to the first butt end face 21a. The connecting face 21c is located between the first butt end face 21a and the second butt end face 21b. The two connecting faces 21c face each other in the direction in which the hole 23 extends.

[0024] The connecting hardware 13 has a first plate 31 and two second plates 32 extending from the first plate 31. Each second plate 32 has a plate hole 32a. The first plate 31 is arranged along the side surface 12a of the second shaft member 12. A bolt 14 passes through the second shaft member 12 and the first plate 31. A nut 15 is engaged with the bolt 14. This connects the second shaft member 12 and the connecting hardware 13.

[0025] As shown in FIG. 2, the two second plates 32 are inserted into the two slits 24 of the first shaft member 11. The nut 15 is located in the space surrounded by the first plate 31, the two second plates 32, and the second butt end 21b. The plate hole 32a of the second plate 32 overlaps with the hole 23 of the first shaft member 11. The drift pin 16 is inserted through the hole 23 of the first shaft member 11 and the plate holes 32a of the two second plates 32. This connects the first shaft member 11 and the connecting hardware 13. Therefore, the first shaft member 11 is connected to the second shaft member 12 via the connecting hardware 13.

[0026] <Tool for suppressing expansion and contraction of wooden shaft components> As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the expansion / contraction suppression jig 17 includes a cover 40. The cover 40 is attached to the axial end of the first shaft member 11. The cover 40 is configured to be detachable from the first shaft member 11. The cover 40 in this embodiment is made of silicone rubber. The cover 40 has a first covering portion 41 and a second covering portion 42.

[0027] The first covering portion 41 of this embodiment has a shape corresponding to the end surface 21 of the first shaft member 11. The first covering portion 41 has two first portions 41a, a second portion 41b, and two third portions 41c. The two first portions 41a, the second portion 41b, and the two third portions 41c are each flat. The thickness direction of the two first portions 41a and the second portion 41b is the same. When viewed from the thickness direction of the two first portions 41a and the second portion 41b, the second portion 41b is located between the two first portions 41a. The third portion 41c connects the first portion 41a and the second portion 41b. The thickness direction of the third portion 41c is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the two first portions 41a and the second portion 41b.

[0028] The second covering portion 42 of this embodiment has a rectangular cylindrical shape. The second covering portion 42 has two first plate portions 42a and two second plate portions 42b. The two first plate portions 42a and the two second plate portions 42b are each flat. The two first plate portions 42a face each other. The two second plate portions 42b face each other. The direction in which the two first plate portions 42a face each other is perpendicular to the direction in which the two second plate portions 42b face each other.

[0029] The axial end of the first shaft member 11 is inserted into the space surrounded by the first covering portion 41 and the second covering portion 42. In this way, the cover 40 is attached to the axial end of the first shaft member 11. The first covering portion 41 covers the end face 21 of the first shaft member 11. The first portion 41a covers the first butt end face 21a. The second portion 41b covers the second butt end face 21b. Therefore, the first covering portion 41 covers the butt end face. The third portion 41c covers the connecting face 21c.

[0030] The second covering portion 42 covers the outer peripheral surface 22 of the first shaft member 11. The first plate portion 42a covers a portion of the first surface 22a. The first plate portion 42a covers the opening of the hole 23. The first plate portion 42a is in contact with the first surface 22a. The second plate portion 42b covers a portion of the second surface 22b. The second plate portion 42b in this embodiment covers the slit 24. The second plate portion 42b is in contact with the second surface 22b.

[0031] <How to protect wooden shaft components> After manufacturing the first shaft member 11, a cover 40 is attached to the axial end of the first shaft member 11. The end face 21, including the first butt end face 21a and the second butt end face 21b of the first shaft member 11, is covered by the first covering portion 41 of the cover 40. The first surface 22a, including the hole 23 of the first shaft member 11, is covered by the first plate portion 42a of the second covering portion 42 of the cover 40. The second surface 22b, including the slit 24 of the first shaft member 11, is covered by the second plate portion 42b of the second covering portion 42 of the cover 40.

[0032] The first shaft member 11 is stored with the cover 40 of the expansion / contraction suppressing jig 17 attached from the time it is manufactured at the factory until it is installed at the site. Specifically, the first shaft member 11 is stored at the factory with the cover 40 attached from the time it is manufactured at the factory until it is shipped. The first shaft member 11 is transported from the factory to the site with the cover 40 attached. The first shaft member 11 is stored at the site with the cover 40 attached from the time it is delivered to the site until it is installed. In this manner, in this embodiment, the first shaft member 11 has the cover 40 attached when it is transported from the factory to the site, and therefore the state of the first shaft member 11 during transportation is considered to be one form of storage. The cover 40 is removed from the axial end of the first shaft member 11 immediately before the installation of the first shaft member 11. The removed cover 40 can be reused for other first shaft members 11.

[0033] [Actions and Effects of This Embodiment] The operation and effects of this embodiment will be described. (1) The axial end face 21 of the first shaft member 11 includes a first butt end face 21a and a second butt end face 21b, which are butt end faces. The first shaft member 11 is provided with a hole 23 that extends in a direction intersecting the axial direction and opens at the outer peripheral surface 22 of the first shaft member 11. The expansion / contraction suppressing jig 17 includes a cover 40 that is attached to the axial end of the first shaft member 11. The cover 40 has a first covering portion 41 that covers the first butt end face 21a and the second butt end face 21b, and a second covering portion 42 that covers the hole 23.

[0034] According to this configuration, the first covering portion 41 of the cover 40 covers the first butt end face 21a and the second butt end face 21b, which are surfaces that easily absorb or evaporate moisture. This makes it possible to prevent the first shaft member 11 from absorbing or evaporating moisture from the first butt end face 21a and the second butt end face 21b. Furthermore, the second covering portion 42 of the cover 40 covers the hole 23. This makes it possible to prevent the first shaft member 11 from absorbing or evaporating moisture through the hole 23. This makes it possible to prevent the first shaft member 11 from expanding and contracting. As a result, it is possible to prevent the hole 23 from shifting position.

[0035] (2) The cross-sectional shape of the first shaft member 11 is rectangular. The outer peripheral surface 22 of the first shaft member 11 has two first surfaces 22a and two second surfaces 22b. The first surfaces 22a form pairs in the direction in which the hole 23 extends. The second second surfaces 22b form pairs in a direction intersecting both the axial direction and the direction in which the hole 23 extends. The second covering portion 42 has two first plate portions 42a that contact the two first surfaces 22a and two second plate portions 42b that contact the two second surfaces 22b.

[0036] According to this configuration, the two first plate portions 42a sandwich the first shaft member 11 in the direction in which the hole 23 extends. The two second plate portions 42b sandwich the first shaft member 11 in a direction intersecting both the axial direction and the direction in which the hole 23 extends. Therefore, the cover 40 attached to the end portion of the first shaft member 11 in the axial direction is less likely to come off.

[0037] (3) A slit 24 is provided in the end surface 21 of the first shaft member 11. The slit 24 extends from one second surface 22b to the other second surface 22b. The second plate portion 42b covers the slit 24.

[0038] According to this configuration, the second plate portion 42b covers the slit 24, and therefore, the first shaft member 11 can be prevented from absorbing or evaporating moisture through the slit 24. Therefore, the expansion and contraction of the first shaft member 11 can be further suppressed.

[0039] (4) Two slits 24 are provided on the end face 21 of the first shaft member 11. The end face 21 of the first shaft member 11 has two first butt end faces 21a, a second butt end face 21b, and two connecting faces 21c. The two first butt end faces 21a are located outside the two slits 24. The second butt end face 21b is located between the two slits 24. The second butt end face 21b is located in a position recessed with respect to the first butt end face 21a. The connecting face 21c is located between the first butt end face 21a and the second butt end face 21b. The first covering portion 41 has a first portion 41a covering the first butt end face 21a, a third portion 41c covering the second butt end face 21b, and a third portion 41c covering the connecting face 21c.

[0040] According to this configuration, the first covering portion 41 has a shape corresponding to the end surface 21 of the first shaft member 11, thereby reducing the gap between the first covering portion 41 and the end surface 21. Therefore, the expansion and contraction of the first shaft member 11 can be further suppressed.

[0041] (5) The cover 40 is made of silicone rubber. This configuration improves the adhesion of the cover 40 to the first shaft member 11. (6) The first shaft member 11 is stored with the cover 40 attached to the axial end of the first shaft member 11. This allows the first shaft member 11 to be stored with the butt end surface, which is the surface that easily absorbs or evaporates moisture, covered by the first covering portion 41 of the cover 40. This prevents the first shaft member 11 from absorbing or evaporating moisture from the butt end surface. Furthermore, the first shaft member 11 is stored with the hole 23 covered by the second covering portion 42 of the cover 40. This prevents the first shaft member 11 from absorbing or evaporating moisture through the hole 23. This prevents the first shaft member 11 from expanding and contracting. As a result, it is possible to prevent the hole 23 from shifting position.

[0042] (7) By suppressing the expansion and contraction of the first shaft member 11, displacement of the hole 23 is suppressed. As a result, when the second plate 32 of the connecting hardware 13 is inserted into the slit 24 of the first shaft member 11, the plate hole 32a of the second plate 32 and the hole 23 of the first shaft member 11 tend to overlap. Therefore, by inserting the drift pin 16 through the plate hole 32a and the hole 23, the first shaft member 11 is less likely to crack when connecting the first shaft member 11 and the connecting hardware 13.

[0043] <Example of change> The above-described embodiment is an example of the possible forms that the expansion / shrinkage suppression jig 17 for a wooden shaft member and the method for protecting a wooden shaft member can take, and is not intended to limit the forms. The expansion / shrinkage suppression jig 17 for a wooden shaft member and the method for protecting a wooden shaft member can take forms different from those exemplified in the above-described embodiment. Examples of such forms include forms in which part of the configuration of the embodiment is replaced, modified, or omitted, or forms in which a new configuration is added to the embodiment. Modified examples of the embodiment are shown below.

[0044] The wooden shaft member is not limited to a wooden cross member extending horizontally. The wooden shaft member may be a wooden pillar extending vertically. The cross-sectional shape of the first shaft member 11 is not limited to a rectangular shape.

[0045] The number of holes 23 provided in the first shaft member 11 may be changed as appropriate. The direction in which the hole 23 extends does not have to be perpendicular to the axial direction of the first shaft member 11 as long as it intersects with the axial direction of the first shaft member 11 .

[0046] In the above embodiment, the drift pin 16 is inserted through the hole 23, but other connecting members such as a bolt may be inserted through the hole 23 instead. The hole 23 may be open on only one of the two first surfaces 22a. In this case, the second covering portion 42 does not have to have two first plate portions 42a. The second covering portion 42 may have one first plate portion 42a that covers the hole 23.

[0047] The second covering portion 42 does not have to have two second plate portions 42b. Even in this case, the effect (1) of the above embodiment can be obtained. As long as the butt end surface of the first shaft member 11 is covered with the first covering portion 41 so as not to be exposed, a gap may exist between the butt end surface and the first covering portion 41.

[0048] The end surface 21 of the first shaft member 11 does not necessarily have to be provided with the slit 24 . The number of slits 24 provided in the end surface 21 of the first shaft member 11 may be changed as appropriate. The end surface 21 of the first shaft member 11 may be a flat surface. In other words, the entire end surface 21 may be a butt surface. In this case, the first covering portion 41 may be flat.

[0049] The cover 40 is not limited to being made of silicone rubber, but may be made of metal, resin, rubber, or a composite material thereof. In the above embodiment, the second shaft member 12 to which the first shaft member 11 is connected is a horizontal beam extending horizontally, but it may also be a pillar extending vertically.

[0050] In the above embodiment, the second shaft member 12 to which the first shaft member 11 is connected is made of wood, but it may also be made of steel. <Additional Notes> This specification discloses the following techniques:

[0051] [Appendix 1] An expansion / contraction suppression jig for a wooden shaft member, comprising a cover attached to the axial end of the wooden shaft member, the axial end face of the wooden shaft member including a butt end surface, the wooden shaft member having a hole extending in a direction intersecting the axial direction and opening on the outer peripheral surface of the wooden shaft member, the cover having a first covering portion covering the butt end surface and a second covering portion covering the hole.

[0052] [Appendix 2] In the expansion and contraction suppression jig for a wooden shaft member described in Appendix 1, the cross-sectional shape of the wooden shaft member is rectangular, the outer surface has two first surfaces that form a pair in the direction in which the hole extends and two second surfaces that form a pair in a direction that intersects both the axial direction and the direction in which the hole extends, and the second covering portion has two first plate portions that contact the two first surfaces and two second plate portions that contact the two second surfaces.

[0053] [Appendix 3] In the expansion and contraction suppression jig for a wooden shaft member described in Appendix 2, a slit is provided in the end surface, the slit extends from one of the second surfaces to the other of the second surfaces, and the second plate portion covers the slit.

[0054] [Appendix 4] In the expansion / shrinkage suppression jig for a wooden shaft member described in Appendix 3, two slits are provided on the end face, and the end face has two first butt faces as the butt faces located outside the two slits, a second butt face as the butt face located between the two slits and recessed relative to the first butt faces, and a connecting face located between the first butt faces and the second butt faces, and the first covering portion has a first portion covering the first butt faces, a second portion covering the second butt faces, and a third portion covering the connecting face.

[0055] [Appendix 5] In the expansion / contraction suppression jig for a wooden shaft member described in Appendix 1, the cover is made of metal, resin, rubber, or a composite material thereof.

[0056] [Appendix 6] A method for protecting a wooden shaft member, in which the wooden shaft member is stored with an expansion / contraction suppression jig for the wooden shaft member described in any one of Appendices 1 to 5 attached to the axial end of the wooden shaft member. [Explanation of symbols]

[0057] 11...first shaft member as wooden shaft member, 17...expansion / contraction suppression jig, 21...end face, 21a...first butt end face as butt end face, 21b...second butt end face as butt end face, 21c...connection face, 22...outer surface, 22a...first face, 22b...second face, 23...hole, 24...slit, 40...cover, 41...first covering portion, 41a...first section, 41b...second section, 41c...third section, 42...second covering portion, 42a...first board portion, 42b...second board portion.

Claims

1. A cover is attached to an end of the wooden shaft member in the axial direction, The axial end surface of the wooden shaft member includes a butt surface, The wooden shaft member has a hole extending in a direction intersecting the axial direction and opening on an outer circumferential surface of the wooden shaft member. The cover is an expansion / contraction suppression jig for a wooden shaft member, having a first covering portion that covers the end grain surface and a second covering portion that covers the hole.

2. The cross-sectional shape of the wooden shaft member is rectangular, The outer circumferential surface has two first surfaces that form a pair in the direction in which the hole extends, and two second surfaces that form a pair in a direction that intersects both the axial direction and the direction in which the hole extends, An expansion and contraction suppression jig for a wooden shaft member as described in claim 1, wherein the second covering portion has two first plate portions that contact the two first surfaces and two second plate portions that contact the two second surfaces.

3. A slit is provided on the end surface, the slit extends from one of the second surfaces to the other of the second surfaces, The expansion / contraction suppressing jig for a wooden shaft member according to claim 2 , wherein the second plate portion covers the slit.

4. The end surface is provided with two of the slits, The end surface has two first buttock faces as the buttock faces located outside the two slits, a second buttock face as the buttock face located between the two slits and in a position recessed with respect to the first buttock face, and a connecting face located between the first buttock face and the second buttock face, The expansion and contraction suppression jig for wooden shaft members described in claim 3, wherein the first covering portion has a first portion covering the first butt surface, a second portion covering the second butt surface, and a third portion covering the connection surface.

5. 2. The expansion / contraction suppressing jig for a wooden shaft member according to claim 1, wherein the cover is made of metal, resin, rubber, or a composite material thereof.

6. A method for protecting a wooden shaft member, in which the wooden shaft member is stored with an expansion / contraction suppression jig for the wooden shaft member described in any one of claims 1 to 5 attached to the axial end of the wooden shaft member.

Images