Vertical crusher and shell liner for vertical crusher

Abstract

To provide a vertical crusher and a shell liner for a vertical crusher that can prevent damage and wear of an input hood installed on the top of a cylindrical shell as much as possible.SOLUTION: A vertical crusher includes: a cylindrical shell; a shell liner that is fixed on the inner periphery of the shell; a rotor that is arranged in a rotatable manner around a vertical axis on the inner side of the shell and has a crushing mechanism that crushes a crushing object between it and the shell liner; and a breaker that is arranged in a rotatable manner at the top of the rotor. In the shell liner, a first liner part 5A and a second liner part that protrudes inward in the radial direction relative to the first liner part are arranged alternately along the inner circumference of the shell, and a flange part 55 that protrudes inward is provided on the upper end of the first liner part 5A.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a vertical crusher and a shell liner for the vertical crusher. [Background technology]

[0002] Vertical crushers are used to crush and treat lumpy industrial waste such as discarded home appliances.

[0003] A vertical crusher comprises a cylindrical shell whose diameter gradually increases from the bottom to the top, a shell liner fixed to the inner periphery of the shell, a rotor rotatably arranged around the vertical axis inside the shell and equipped with a crushing mechanism that crushes the material to be crushed between the rotor and the shell liner, and a breaker that rotates around the vertical axis above the crushing mechanism.

[0004] The lump waste thrown into the shell is first struck by a breaker to be roughly crushed, and then broken into pieces between the shell liner attached to the inner periphery of the cylindrical shell and the crushing mechanism attached to the rotor, and the pieces fall through the gap between the shell liner and the rotor into the discharge ring located below the rotor.

[0005] The debris that falls onto the discharge ring is swept out by a sweeper that is supported coaxially with the rotational axis serving as the vertical axis, and is swept out from an opening formed in the peripheral wall of the discharge ring to a discharge section.

[0006] Patent Document 1 discloses a crusher in which a breaker liner, grinder, etc. are mounted on a rotating shaft located at the center of a cylindrical shell with a shell liner fixed inside. In this crusher, the shell liner fixed inside the shell is a concave-convex shell liner with convex and concave portions, and a low shell liner that is lower than the convex portions of this concave-convex shell liner, which are arranged and fixed in an appropriate arrangement. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 59-166843 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] In a vertical crusher, an input hood is arranged above the shell, and the material to be crushed is fed into the shell from the input hood. However, when the breaker strikes the material to be crushed, it can be thrown upward from the shell, and the thrown material can collide with the opening edge of the input hood, causing damage to the lower end of the opening or accelerating wear, which is a problem.

[0009] An example of the conventional shell liner described above is shown in Figures 4(a), (b), and (c). As shown in Figure 4(a), first liner portions 5A and thicker second liner portions 5B that protrude radially inward from the first liner portions 5A are alternately arranged along the inner circumference of the cylindrical shell 5. Figure 4(b) shows explanatory views of the top, front, and bottom of the first liner portion 5A, and Figure 4(c) shows an enlarged view of a portion of Figure 4(a). The inner surface of the first liner portion 5A is formed flat.

[0010] As shown in Figures 4(a) and (c), when the rotor and breaker rotate in the direction indicated by the dashed arrow, the material to be crushed is crushed by the grinder (an example of a crushing mechanism) on the rotor or between the breaker and the shell liner, and the crushed pieces fall into the discharge ring.

[0011] The fragments generated by the crushing process slide along the inner surface of the first liner portion 5A in the direction of rotation as the rotor rotates, and collide with the second liner portion 5B, which is thicker than the first liner portion 5A, causing further crushing. At this time, the fragments sliding along the first liner portion 5A under the action of centrifugal force cause wear to the end portion 52 on the front side in the direction of rotation of the rotor, i.e., the vicinity of the end portion 52 adjacent to the second liner portion 5B along the direction of rotation of the rotor, or the fragments get into the small gap between the end portion 52 of the first liner portion 5A and the second liner portion 5B, causing wear to the end portion 52, resulting in the problem of having to frequently replace the first liner portion 5A.

[0012] In view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional art, the first object of the present invention is to provide a vertical crusher and a shell liner for a vertical crusher that can prevent damage and wear to the feeding hood arranged on the top of the cylindrical shell as much as possible, and the second object is to provide a vertical crusher and a shell liner for a vertical crusher that can minimize wear to the shell liner. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first characteristic configuration of the breaker structure of a vertical crusher according to the present invention is a vertical crusher comprising: a cylindrical shell; a shell liner fixed to the inner periphery of the shell; a rotor rotatably arranged around the vertical axis inside the shell and equipped with a crushing mechanism for crushing the material to be crushed between the shell liner and the rotor; and a breaker rotatably arranged on the upper part of the rotor, wherein the shell liner has a first liner portion and a second liner portion that protrudes radially inward from the first liner portion, which are arranged alternately along the inner periphery of the shell, and the upper end of the first liner portion is equipped with a flange portion that protrudes inward.

[0014] Even if the material to be crushed that is thrown into the shell from the feeding hood is struck by the breaker and thrown upward, the flange at the upper end of the first liner section will catch the material or change its trajectory, thereby preventing damage and wear to the lower end of the opening of the feeding hood.

[0015] The second characteristic configuration is that, in addition to the first characteristic configuration described above, an input hood is arranged on the upper part of the shell, and in a plan view, the inner surface of the lower end of the input hood is configured to be located at the same position as or radially outward from the inner surface of the upper end of the shell liner.

[0016] When viewed in a plane, if the inner surface of the lower end of the feeding hood is positioned at the same position as the inner surface of the upper end of the shell liner or radially outward, the material to be crushed that collides with the flange portion can be prevented from further colliding with the lower end of the opening of the feeding hood.

[0017] The third characteristic configuration is that, in addition to the first characteristic configuration described above, the first liner portion has a protrusion at the forward end in the direction of rotation of the rotor that protrudes radially inward within the thickness of the second liner portion.

[0018] When debris slides along the plane of the first liner portion as the rotor rotates, the protrusions first function as a wear allowance, making it possible to avoid frequent replacement of the first liner portion.

[0019] The fourth characteristic configuration is that, in addition to the third characteristic configuration described above, the protrusion portion has an inclined portion on the inner wall surface of the first liner portion that inclines radially inward toward the end portion.

[0020] When debris sliding along the first liner section under the action of centrifugal force reaches the inclined section, the inclined section guides the debris radially inward against the centrifugal force, effectively preventing the debris from entering the small gap between the end of the first liner section and the second liner section.

[0021] The fifth characteristic configuration is that, in addition to the third or fourth characteristic configuration described above, the inner wall surface of the first liner portion is formed flat except for the flange portion and the protrusion portion.

[0022] By making the inner surface of the first liner flat, the distance to the rotor (grinder) can be varied, which can promote the crushing effect.

[0023] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a first characteristic configuration of the shell liner of the vertical crusher according to the present invention is a shell liner of the vertical crusher that is fixed to the inner periphery of a cylindrical shell and crushes the object to be crushed between the shell liner and a crushing mechanism provided on a rotor that is rotatably arranged around a vertical axis inside the shell, and in which first liner portions and second liner portions that protrude radially inward from the first liner portions are alternately arranged along the inner periphery of the shell, The first liner portion has an upper end portion provided with a flange portion that protrudes inward.

[0024] The second characteristic configuration is that, in addition to the first characteristic configuration described above, when fixed to the inner circumference of the shell, the upper inner surface of the shell liner is configured to be located at the same position as or radially inward from the lower inner surface of the input hood arranged on the top of the shell in a planar view.

[0025] The third characteristic feature of the present invention is that, in addition to the first characteristic feature described above, a second liner is provided at the front end of the first liner portion in the rotation direction of the rotor. Department The feature is that the bearing has a protruding portion that protrudes radially inward within the thickness.

[0026] The fourth characteristic feature of the present invention is that, in addition to the third characteristic feature described above, the protrusion is Department The inner wall surface is provided with an inclined portion that is inclined radially inward toward the end portion.

[0027] The fifth characteristic configuration is that, in addition to the third or fourth characteristic configuration described above, the inner wall surface of the first liner portion is formed flat except for the flange portion and the protrusion portion. [Effects of the Invention]

[0028] As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vertical crusher and a shell liner for a vertical crusher that can minimize damage and wear to the feeding hood arranged on the top of the cylindrical shell and reduce the frequency of replacing the shell liner. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0029] [Figure 1] Partial cutaway diagram of a vertical crusher [Figure 2] (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the shell, (b) is a plan view from view A in Figure 2(a), and (c) is a plan view from view B in Figure 2(a). [Figure 3] (a) is an explanatory diagram showing the plan, front, and bottom of the first liner part installed in the upper part, (b) is an explanatory diagram showing the plan, front, and bottom of the first liner part installed in the lower part, (c) shows the cross-sectional structure of the flange part, and is a CC cross-sectional view of FIG. 3(a), and (d) is a DD cross-sectional view of FIG. 3(a). [Figure 4] (a) is an explanatory diagram of a conventional shell liner placed in a shell, (b) is an explanatory diagram showing the plan, front, and bottom of a conventional first liner part, and (c) is an explanatory diagram of the wear mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] A vertical crusher and a shell liner for a vertical crusher according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in Figure 1, the vertical crusher 1 is a device for crushing materials to be crushed, such as large home appliances, and is equipped with a crusher body 10 and an input hood 20. The crusher body 10 is equipped with an equipment frame 2 fixed to a concrete floor, an electric motor 3 fixed to the equipment frame 2, a cylindrical discharge ring 4 fixed to the equipment frame 2, and a cylindrical shell 5 arranged on top of the discharge ring 4.

[0031] As shown in Figures 2(a) to 2(c), the shell 5 is formed into a cylindrical shape with a generally circular cross section, with its diameter gradually increasing from bottom to top. Inside the shell 5, first liner portions 5A and second liner portions 5B, which are thicker than the first liner portions 5A and protrude radially inward, are alternately arranged in two upper and lower tiers along the inner circumference of the shell 5. The first liner portions 5A and second liner portions 5B are arranged in reverse order in the upper and lower tiers. That is, the second liner portion 5B is arranged below the first liner portion 5A arranged in the upper tier, and the first liner portion 5A is arranged below the second liner portion 5B arranged in the upper tier. In the following description, the first liner portion 5A in the upper tier will be referred to as 5A(UPR), and the first liner portion 5A in the lower tier will be referred to as 5A(LWR).

[0032] Returning to Figure 1, a rotating shaft 6, which serves as the vertical axis, is provided in the center of the shell 5, and a rotor 7 and breaker 8, which rotate around the rotating shaft 6, are disposed inside the shell 5. The rotor 7 has multiple disks arranged at intervals above and below, and multiple freely rotating grinders 9, which function as a crushing mechanism, are disposed in the spaces formed between the disks on the outer periphery of the disks.

[0033] The electric motor 3 and the rotary shaft 6 are connected via a drive connection mechanism, and the rotor 7 and breaker 8 rotate as the electric motor 3 rotates. The material to be crushed placed inside the shell 5 is roughly crushed by impacts from the rotor 7 and collisions with the shell liner, and is then finely crushed between the grinder 9 and the first and second liner sections 5A and 5B. In Figure 1, the arrow indicated by the dashed line indicates the direction of rotation of the rotor 7.

[0034] The fragmented material to be crushed falls into the discharge ring 4 through the gap formed between the lowest disk of the rotor 7 and the choke ring arranged on its outer periphery, is swept inside the discharge ring 4 by a sweeper installed in the discharge ring 4 and rotates integrally with the rotating shaft, and is discharged from the discharge outlet 11 formed in the device frame 2.

[0035] The feeding hood 20 is provided on top of the shell 7, and materials to be crushed transported by a conveyor mechanism (not shown) are dropped into the shell 5 through a feeding port 21 formed in the side wall of the feeding hood 20. A blast exclusion duct 22 is provided on the top surface of the feeding hood 20, and an opening / closing door is provided on the back surface of the feeding hood 20 to introduce a crane mechanism such as a hoist for lifting the rotor 7 and breaker 8.

[0036] 3(a) shows a plan view, a front view, and a bottom view of the first liner part 5A (UPR) arranged in the upper tier from top to bottom, and FIG. 3(b) shows a plan view, a front view, and a bottom view of the first liner part 5A (LWR) arranged in the lower tier from top to bottom. In the figures, the symbol h indicates a mounting hole through which a bolt is inserted.

[0037] The first liner portions 5A (UPR), 5A (LWR) have an opposing surface 50 that faces the inner wall of the shell 5 and is formed in an arc shape so that it follows the inner peripheral surface of the shell 5. The inner wall surface 51 that faces the inside of the shell 5 when attached to the shell 5 is formed flat except for one end portion 52. The width of the first liner portions 5A (UPR), 5A (LWR) is formed to gradually increase from bottom to top so as to follow the inner diameter of the shell 5, which gradually increases in diameter from bottom to top.

[0038] As shown in FIGS. 3(a) and 3(c), a flange 55 that protrudes inward is formed at the upper end of the first liner portion 5A (UPR) disposed in the upper stage. The lower end inner surface of the input hood 20 disposed on the upper part of the shell 5 is configured to be located at the same position as or radially outward from the upper end inner surfaces of the liner portions 5A and 5B in a plan view.

[0039] By adopting the above-described configuration, even if the object to be crushed thrown into the shell 5 from the feeding hood 20 is struck by the breaker 8 and thrown upward, the object to be crushed is received by the flange 55 provided at the upper end of the first liner portion 5A or its trajectory is changed, thereby preventing damage and wear to the opening lower end of the feeding hood 20. Furthermore, even if the object to be crushed that collides with the flange 55 is thrown further upward, it is prevented from colliding with the opening lower end of the feeding hood 20.

[0040] As shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(d), the first liner portion 5A has a protrusion 53 at the end 52 on the forward side in the rotational direction of the rotor 7, which protrudes radially inward within the thickness of the second liner portion 5B.

[0041] As the rotor 7 rotates and debris slides along the plane of the first liner portion 5A, the protrusion 53 first functions as a wear allowance, thereby avoiding frequent replacement of the first liner portion 5A.

[0042] Furthermore, the protruding portion 53 is provided with an inclined portion 54 on the inner wall surface 51 of the first liner portion 5A that is inclined radially inward toward the end portion 52. When the debris sliding along the first liner portion 5A under the action of centrifugal force reaches the inclined portion 54, the inclined portion 54 guides the debris radially inward (toward the rotation axis center) against the centrifugal force, effectively preventing the debris from entering the small gap between the end portion 52 of the first liner portion 5A and the second liner portion 5B.

[0043] In this embodiment, the first liner portion 5A (UPR) is formed in an inverted trapezoid shape with a side of approximately 400 mm, and the first liner portion 5A (LWR) is formed in an inverted trapezoid shape with a side of approximately 350 mm. The thickness of the flange portion 55 in the protruding direction is approximately 20 mm, and the vertical width is approximately 30 mm.

[0044] The protruding height of the protruding portion 53 toward the radially inward direction of the shell 5 is set to be approximately 30 to 50 mm lower than the thickness of the second liner portion 5B. In other words, the protruding portion 53 protrudes toward the radially inward direction within the thickness of the second liner portion 5B. Note that these series of numerical values ​​are values ​​that are appropriately selected depending on the scale of the vertical crusher 1 and are merely examples.

[0045] In the above-described embodiment, an example was described in which the protrusion 53 was formed on the end 52 of the first liner portion 5A that faces the rotation direction of the rotor 7, but in a vertical crusher 1 in which the rotation direction of the rotor 7 is not unidirectional but is configured to be rotatable in both forward and reverse directions, the protrusion 53 can be formed on each of the two side end portions of the first liner portion 5A.

[0046] In the above-described embodiment, the inner wall surface 51 of the first liner portion 5A is formed flat except for the flange portion 55 and the protrusion portion 53, but the inner wall surface 51 of the first liner portion 5A may be formed with a ridge that shreds the object to be crushed between the grinder 9. The ridge may be formed on the inner wall surface 51 of the first liner portion 5A in a position that follows the vertical direction, and may be configured in a position that is inclined relative to the vertical direction.

[0047] It goes without saying that the above-described embodiment is merely one example of the present invention, and the specific structure, shape, size, etc. of each part can be appropriately modified and designed within the scope of the effects of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0048] 1: Vertical crusher 2: Device frame 3: Electric motor 4: Discharge Ring 5: Shell 5A: First liner section 5B: Second liner section 50: Opposite surface 51: Inner wall surface 52: One end (end) 53:Protrusion 54: Inclined part 55: Tsuba 6: Rotation axis 7: Rotor 8: Breaker 9: Grinder 10: Crusher body 20:Food

Claims

1. A vertical crusher comprising: a cylindrical shell; a shell liner fixed to the inner periphery of the shell; a rotor rotatably disposed inside the shell around a vertical axis and equipped with a crushing mechanism for crushing objects to be crushed between the rotor and the shell liner; and a breaker rotatably disposed above the rotor, The shell liner has first liner portions and second liner portions that protrude radially inward from the first liner portions and are alternately arranged along the inner circumference of the shell, The vertical crusher is provided with a flange portion that protrudes inward at the upper end of the first liner portion.

2. An input hood is disposed on the top of the shell, 2. The vertical crusher according to claim 1, wherein the inner surface of the lower end of the feeding hood is positioned at the same position as or radially outward from the inner surface of the upper end of the shell liner in plan view.

3. 2. The vertical crusher according to claim 1, wherein the first liner portion has a protruding portion at a front end in the direction of rotation of the rotor, the protruding portion protruding radially inward within the thickness of the second liner portion.

4. 4. The vertical crusher according to claim 3, wherein the protrusion has an inclined portion on the inner wall surface of the first liner portion that is inclined radially inward toward the end portion.

5. 5. The vertical crusher according to claim 3, wherein the inner wall surface of the first liner portion is formed flat except for the flange portion and the protrusion portion.

6. A shell liner for a vertical crusher is fixed to the inner periphery of a cylindrical shell and crushes objects to be crushed between the shell and a crushing mechanism provided on a rotor rotatably arranged around a vertical axis inside the shell, First liner portions and second liner portions that protrude radially inward from the first liner portions are alternately arranged along the inner circumference of the shell, A shell liner for a vertical crusher, comprising a flange portion that protrudes inward at the upper end of the first liner portion.

7. A shell liner for a vertical crusher according to claim 6, wherein when fixed to the inner periphery of the shell, the inner surface of the upper end of the shell liner is positioned at the same position as or radially inward from the inner surface of the lower end of an input hood arranged on the upper part of the shell in a plan view.

8. A shell liner for a vertical crusher according to claim 6, wherein the first liner portion has a protruding portion at the front end in the direction of rotation of the rotor, the protruding portion protruding radially inward within the thickness of the second liner portion.

9. 9. The shell liner for a vertical crusher according to claim 8, wherein the protruding portion has an inclined portion on the inner wall surface of the first liner portion that is inclined radially inward toward the end portion.

10. 10. The shell liner for a vertical crusher according to claim 8, wherein the inner wall surface of the first liner portion is formed flat except for the flange portion and the protrusion portion.

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