Filler laminate for concrete structure, and concrete structure

Abstract

To provide a filler laminate for a concrete structure which has excellent interlayer adhesion and can retain excellent flexibility for a long time even under open air conditions, and a concrete structure in which a gap is filled by the filler laminate for a concrete structure.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to a filler laminate for concrete structures characterized by having a coating film (B) obtained from a water-based paint on an organic-inorganic composite hydrogel layer (A), and concrete structures characterized by having a gap filled by the filler laminate for concrete structures are used.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a filler laminate for a concrete structure and a concrete structure. [Background technology]

[0002] Various fillers have been proposed for joints and cracks in concrete structures. However, they have had problems such as difficulty adhering to complex shapes and wet surfaces, and being unable to keep up with seasonal expansion and contraction of structures, resulting in peeling and brittle fracture.

[0003] To address these issues, a filler for concrete structures has been proposed, which is made of a polymer hydrogel formed from a polymer of a water-soluble organic monomer and a water-swellable clay mineral (see, for example, Patent Document 1). However, this filler has the problem that, when exposed to the atmosphere, the water evaporates, eventually turning into a brittle material, which causes it to peel off from the concrete structure.

[0004] Therefore, there has been a demand for a filler for concrete structures that can maintain flexibility for a long period of time even under open atmospheric conditions. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] WO2017 / 169002 issue Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a filler laminate for concrete structures which has excellent interlayer adhesion and can maintain excellent flexibility for a long period of time even under conditions exposed to the atmosphere. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by a filler laminate for concrete structures having a coating film obtained from a water-based paint on an organic-inorganic composite hydrogel layer, and have completed the present invention.

[0008] That is, the present invention provides a filler laminate for concrete structures, characterized by having a coating film (B) obtained from a water-based paint on an organic-inorganic composite hydrogel layer (A). [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] The filler laminate for concrete structures of the present invention has excellent interlayer adhesion and can maintain excellent flexibility for a long period of time, and therefore can be used as a filler for concrete structures such as tunnels, roads, bridges, tracks, buildings, revetments, water supply and sewerage systems, and as a repair material for these structures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] The laminated filler for concrete structures of the present invention has a coating film (B) obtained from a water-based paint on an organic-inorganic composite hydrogel layer (A).

[0011] The hydrogel layer (A) preferably contains a polymer of a water-soluble organic monomer, a water-swellable clay mineral, and water, because it has excellent flexibility.

[0012] The polymer of the water-soluble organic monomer is obtained by polymerizing the water-soluble organic monomer, and examples of the water-soluble organic monomer include a monomer having a (meth)acrylamide group, a monomer having a (meth)acryloyloxy group, and an acrylic monomer having a hydroxyl group.

[0013] Examples of the monomer having a (meth)acrylamide group include acrylamide, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, N,N-diethylacrylamide, N-methylacrylamide, N-ethylacrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, N-cyclopropylacrylamide, N,N-dimethylaminopropylacrylamide, N,N-diethylaminopropylacrylamide, acryloylmorpholine, methacrylamide, N,N-dimethylmethacrylamide, N,N-diethylmethacrylamide, N-methylmethacrylamide, N-ethylmethacrylamide, N-isopropylmethacrylamide, N-cyclopropylmethacrylamide, N,N-dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide, and N,N-diethylaminopropylmethacrylamide.

[0014] Examples of the monomer having a (meth)acryloyloxy group include methoxyethyl acrylate, ethoxyethyl acrylate, methoxyethyl methacrylate, ethoxyethyl methacrylate, methoxymethyl acrylate, and ethoxymethyl acrylate.

[0015] Examples of the acrylic monomer having a hydroxyl group include hydroxyethyl acrylate and hydroxyethyl methacrylate.

[0016] Among these, from the viewpoint of solubility and the physical properties of the resulting organic / inorganic hydrogel layer, it is preferable to use a monomer having a (meth)acrylamide group, and it is more preferable to use acrylamide, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, N,N-diethylacrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, or acryloylmorpholine, and it is even more preferable to use N,N-dimethylacrylamide or acryloylmorpholine, and from the viewpoint of ease of polymerization, N,N-dimethylacrylamide is particularly preferable.

[0017] The above-mentioned water-soluble organic monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.

[0018] The polymer of the water-soluble organic monomer may be copolymerized with other monomers than the water-soluble organic monomer, if necessary.

[0019] The content of the polymer of the water-soluble organic monomer in the hydrogel layer (A) is preferably 1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 5 to 30% by mass. When the content of the polymer of the water-soluble organic monomer is 1% by mass or more, a hydrogel having excellent mechanical properties can be obtained, which is preferable. On the other hand, when the content of the polymer of the water-soluble organic monomer (A) is 50% by mass or less, it is preferable because the hydrogel precursor composition before polymerization can be easily prepared.

[0020] The water-swellable clay mineral forms a three-dimensional network structure together with the polymer of the water-soluble organic monomer, and becomes a constituent element of the hydrogel layer (A).

[0021] The water-swellable clay mineral is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include water-swellable smectite and water-swellable mica.

[0022] Examples of the water-swellable smectite include water-swellable hectorite, water-swellable montmorillonite, and water-swellable saponite.

[0023] Examples of the water-swellable mica include water-swellable synthetic mica.

[0024] Among these, from the viewpoint of the stability of the hydrogel precursor composition, it is preferable to use water-swellable hectorite or water-swellable montmorillonite, and it is more preferable to use water-swellable hectorite.

[0025] The water-swellable clay mineral may be naturally occurring, synthetic, or surface-modified. Examples of surface-modified water-swellable clay minerals include phosphonic acid-modified hectorite and fluorine-modified hectorite. From the viewpoint of the strength and adhesiveness of the resulting organic-inorganic composite hydrogel, it is preferable to use phosphonic acid-modified hectorite.

[0026] Examples of the phosphonic acid-modified hectorite that can be used include pyrophosphate-modified hectorite, etidronic acid-modified hectorite, alendronic acid-modified hectorite, methylenediphosphonic acid-modified hectorite, phytic acid-modified hectorite, etc. These phosphonic acid-modified hectorites may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0027] The above-mentioned water-swellable clay minerals may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.

[0028] The content of the water-swellable clay mineral in the hydrogel layer (A) is preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 2% by mass or more, since the mechanical properties of the resulting hydrogel are further improved. The content of the water-swellable clay mineral in the hydrogel layer (A) is preferably 20% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less, since the increase in viscosity of the hydrogel precursor composition can be further suppressed.

[0029] The hydrogel layer (A) may contain an organic solvent other than water, and a hydrogel can be obtained that exhibits little change in mass even under open atmospheric conditions and can stably maintain mechanical properties such as substrate adhesion and breaking strength. Therefore, the volatility of the hydrogel layer (A) is 1 cm in an open system at 60°C and 1 atmosphere. 2 Less than 0.1g per hour (0.1g / cm 2 1000g / cm 3 10 ... 2·hr·60℃·1atm), diglycerin (0.001g or less / cm 2 ·hr·60℃·1atm), ethylene glycol (0.01g or less / cm 2 hr 60℃ 1atm), propylene glycol (0.001g or less / cm 2 ·hr·60℃·1atm), polyethylene glycol (0.001g or less / cm 2 1 cm in an open system at 60°C and 1 atmosphere. 2 A polyhydric alcohol is preferably used in an amount of 0.01 g or less per hour, and glycerin and diglycerin are more preferred. These organic solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. It is also desirable that these organic solvents are uniformly contained in the organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogel of the present invention.

[0030] The mass ratio of water to the organic solvent in the hydrogel layer (A) (water / organic solvent) is importantly 60 / 40 to 20 / 80, preferably 50 / 50 to 30 / 70, because this results in a small change in mass even under open-to-air conditions and an organic / inorganic hydrogel that is excellent in various physical properties such as substrate adhesion and breaking strength.

[0031] A preferred method for producing the hydrogel layer (A) is to polymerize the water-soluble organic monomer in a hydrogel precursor composition containing a mixture of a water-soluble organic monomer, a water-swellable clay mineral, water, and optionally an organic solvent, a polymerization initiator, and a polymerization accelerator, because this method allows for the easy production of a hydrogel having a three-dimensional network structure. The resulting polymer of the water-soluble organic monomer forms a three-dimensional network structure together with the water-swellable clay mineral, becoming a component of the hydrogel.

[0032] The polymerization initiator preferably has a solubility in water at 20° C. of 50 g / 100 ml or more, since it can sufficiently promote the polymerization of the water-soluble organic monomer even in an air atmosphere.

[0033] Examples of the polymerization initiator include water-soluble peroxides and water-soluble azo compounds having a solubility in water at 20° C. of 50 g / 100 ml or more.

[0034] Examples of the water-soluble peroxide include ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate, and t-butyl hydroperoxide.

[0035] Examples of the water-soluble azo compounds include 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride and 4,4'-azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid).

[0036] Among these, from the viewpoint of interaction with the water-swellable clay mineral, it is preferable to use a water-soluble peroxide, and it is more preferable to use ammonium persulfate or sodium persulfate.

[0037] The polymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0038] The molar ratio of the polymerization initiator to the water-soluble organic monomer in the hydrogel precursor composition is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.1, and more preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.05, since this allows the polymerization of the water-soluble organic monomer to proceed sufficiently even in an air atmosphere.

[0039] Examples of the polymerization accelerator include tertiary amine compounds, thiosulfates, and ascorbic acids.

[0040] Examples of the tertiary amine compound include N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine and 3-dimethylaminopropionitrile.

[0041] Examples of the thiosulfates include sodium thiosulfate and ammonium thiosulfate.

[0042] Examples of the ascorbic acids include L-ascorbic acid and sodium L-ascorbate.

[0043] Of these, from the viewpoint of affinity and interaction with the water-swellable clay mineral, it is preferable to use a tertiary amine compound, and it is more preferable to use N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine.

[0044] The polymerization accelerators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0045] The content of the polymerization accelerator in the hydrogel precursor composition is preferably 0.01 to 1% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 0.5% by mass. A content of 0.01% by mass or more is preferred because it can efficiently promote the synthesis of organic monomers for the resulting hydrogel. On the other hand, a content of 1% by mass or less is preferred because it allows the hydrogel precursor composition to be used without aggregation before polymerization, improving handleability.

[0046] The hydrogel precursor composition may further contain an organic crosslinking agent, a preservative, a thickener, etc., as needed.

[0047] The polymerization temperature of the water-soluble organic monomer is preferably 10 to 80° C., and more preferably 20 to 80° C. A polymerization temperature of 10° C. or higher is preferred because the radical reaction can proceed in a chain reaction. On the other hand, a polymerization temperature of 80° C. or lower is preferred because the polymerization can be carried out without boiling water.

[0048] The polymerization time varies depending on the type of the polymerization initiator and the polymerization accelerator, but is typically between several tens of seconds and 24 hours. In particular, in the case of radical polymerization using heating or redox, the polymerization time is preferably between 1 and 24 hours, and more preferably between 5 and 24 hours. A polymerization time of 1 hour or more is preferred because it allows the polymer of the water-swellable clay mineral and the water-soluble organic monomer to form a three-dimensional network. On the other hand, since the polymerization reaction is nearly complete within 24 hours, a polymerization time of 24 hours or less is preferred.

[0049] The coating film (B) is obtained by applying an aqueous paint onto the hydrogel layer (A). Since the hydrogel layer (A) has excellent affinity with the aqueous paint, the hydrogel layer (A) and the coating film (B) exhibit excellent interlayer adhesion.

[0050] The water-based paint is one in which a resin is dissolved or dispersed in an aqueous medium.

[0051] The resin is not particularly limited as long as it is used for forming a coating film, and examples thereof include acrylic resins, urethane-modified acrylic resins, urethane resins, polyester resins, alkyd resins, epoxy ester resins, and epoxy resins. Among these, acrylic resins such as acrylic resins and urethane-modified acrylic resins are preferred because they have excellent affinity with the hydrogel layer (A) and excellent interlayer adhesion. These resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0052] The resin preferably has a hydrophilic group, as this further improves the solubility and dispersibility in the aqueous medium.

[0053] Examples of the hydrophilic group include an anionic group, a cationic group, and a nonionic group.

[0054] Furthermore, by introducing a crosslinkable functional group into the resin, it can also be used as a two-component curing water-based paint.

[0055] Examples of the aqueous medium include water, hydrophilic organic solvents, and mixtures thereof. However, water or a mixture of water and a hydrophilic organic solvent is preferred because of its excellent affinity with the hydrogel (A).

[0056] The hydrophilic organic solvent is preferably a water-miscible organic solvent that is miscible with water without separating, and among these, an organic solvent having a solubility in water (number of grams of organic solvent that dissolves in 100 g of water) of 3 g or more at 25°C is preferred. Examples of these water-miscible organic solvents include alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, 3-methoxybutanol, and 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol; ketone solvents such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; and glycol ether solvents such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether, ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol dimethyl ether, propylene glycol monopropyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, and dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether. These water-miscible organic solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0057] The mass ratio of the resin to the aqueous medium in the aqueous coating material (resin / aqueous medium) is preferably 20 / 80 to 60 / 40, more preferably 30 / 70 to 50 / 50, in order to provide excellent coating properties and interlayer adhesion.

[0058] The aqueous coating material preferably contains a hydrophilic plasticizer, as this further improves the interlayer adhesion between the hydrogel layer (A) and the coating film (B).

[0059] As the hydrophilic plasticizer, polyol plasticizers such as glycerin, diglycerin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol are preferred because they have excellent affinity with the hydrogel layer (A), and among these, glycerin and diglycerin are preferred.

[0060] The content of the hydrophilic plasticizer is preferably 1 to 30% by mass, more preferably 3 to 20% by mass of the resin, since this further improves the interlayer adhesion between the hydrogel layer (A) and the coating film (B).

[0061] Furthermore, the aqueous coating material may contain various additives, such as surfactants, leveling agents, rheology control agents, ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, antifoaming agents, light stabilizers, weather stabilizers, heat stabilizers, and pigments, as required.

[0062] As a method for applying the aqueous paint to the hydrogel layer (A), various known application methods can be used, but application by brush, spray, or roller is preferred because it allows easy application even when the hydrogel layer (A) has a complex shape.

[0063] After applying the water-based paint, the coating film can be formed by curing the paint at room temperature for about 0.5 to 7 days. However, the curing time can be shortened by heating the paint to 40 to 80°C.

[0064] The amount of the aqueous coating material to be applied is preferably large so that a thick film can be formed, since this provides excellent interlayer adhesion with the hydrogel layer (A) and can further suppress evaporation of water from the hydrogel layer (A). However, since a large amount of application slows down the drying time, the amount of application is preferably 0.05 to 0.5 kg / m. 2 is preferred.

[0065] A preferred method for producing the filler laminate for concrete structures of the present invention is to inject the hydrogel precursor composition into gaps or onto the surface of a concrete structure, generate the organic-inorganic composite hydrogel in the gaps or on the surface, and then paint the aqueous paint on top of it, since this method allows for easy filling of complex-shaped parts, etc., and improves workability at civil engineering work sites, building construction sites, etc.

[0066] The laminated filler for concrete structures of the present invention penetrates into the porous structure by capillary action due to its affinity with concrete, and adheres closely to the concrete.

[0067] The filler laminate for concrete structures of the present invention has excellent interlayer adhesion and can maintain excellent flexibility for a long period of time even under atmospheric conditions, and therefore can be used as a filler for various industrial materials, such as tunnels, roads, bridges, tracks, buildings, revetments, water supply and sewerage systems, and as a repair material for these structures. [Example]

[0068] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0069] (Preparation Example 1: Preparation of Hydrogel Precursor Composition (1)) A flat-bottomed glass container was charged with 40 g of purified water, 63 g of purified glycerin, 4.8 g of phosphonic acid-modified synthetic hectorite ("Laponite RDS" manufactured by BYK Japan Co., Ltd.), 20 g of dimethylacrylamide (hereinafter abbreviated as "DMAA"), and 20 mg of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and the mixture was stirred to prepare a uniform, transparent composition (1). The viscosity of this composition (1), after being kept in a thermostatic bath at 25°C, was measured using a B-type viscometer ("VISCOMETER TV-20" manufactured by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd.), and found to be 50 mPa s. Next, 12.6 g of purified glycerin and 80 μL of tetramethylethylenediamine (hereinafter abbreviated as "TEMED") were placed in another flat-bottom glass container and stirred to prepare a homogeneous TEMED solution. The entire amount of composition (1) was placed in a 200 mL glass beaker, and 0.5 g of sodium persulfate (hereinafter abbreviated as "NPS") was added thereto and stirred until dissolved. The TEMED solution prepared above was then gradually added, and stirring was continued until the mixture was uniformly mixed, thereby preparing hydrogel precursor composition (1).

[0070] (Preparation Example 2: Preparation of Hydrogel Precursor Composition (2)) A hydrogel precursor composition (2) was prepared in the same manner as in Preparation Example 1, except that 20 mg of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide used in Preparation Example 1 was replaced with 0.05 g of polyethylene glycol diacrylate ("Light Acrylate 4EG-A" manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.).

[0071] An acrylic emulsion (DIC Corporation's "Burnoc WE-317", non-volatile content: 45% by mass, solvent: water) was used as the water-based paint (1).

[0072] A urethane-modified acrylic emulsion ("Boncoat HY-364" manufactured by DIC Corporation: nonvolatile content 45% by mass, solvent: water) was used as the water-based paint (2).

[0073] Five parts by mass of glycerin was added to 100 parts by mass of acrylic emulsion (DIC Corporation's "Burnoc WE-317", non-volatile content: 45% by mass, solvent: water) and stirred until uniformly mixed to prepare water-based paint (3).

[0074] Example 1 Two mortar plates (70 mm x 70 mm x 20 mm) were arranged so that their flat surfaces were parallel to each other, and two 40 mm wide polypropylene spacers were inserted between them. The two spacers were spaced 30 mm apart to create a space for filling with hydrogel, and the mortar plates and the spacers were fixed together with aluminum tape. 110 g of the hydrogel precursor composition (1) obtained above was poured into this formwork and allowed to stand for 20 minutes to produce an organic-inorganic composite hydrogel. The formwork was then removed to obtain an H-shaped specimen. The aqueous paint (1) obtained above was applied with a brush (application amount: 0.3 kg / m) onto the organic-inorganic composite hydrogel of the H-shaped specimen. 2 ) and left to stand for 24 hours to obtain a filler layer for a concrete structure (1) and a mortar-gel-mortar structure (H-type specimen) as the concrete structure (1).

[0075] [Evaluation of interlayer adhesion] The H-shaped specimen of the concrete structure (1) obtained above was stretched to 50% elongation at a rate of 5 mm / min, and then returned to 0% elongation (original position) at the same rate. This cycle was repeated five times, and then the specimen was further stretched to 50% elongation. The appearance of the coating film was visually observed, and the interlayer adhesion was evaluated according to the following criteria. ○: No abnormalities ×: Peeling of the coating film is observed

[0076] [Flexibility evaluation] The H-shaped specimens of the concrete structure (1) obtained above were stretched by 50% at a rate of 5 mm / min. The specimens were left for 90 days, after which their condition was visually observed and their flexibility was evaluated according to the following criteria. ○: No abnormalities ×: The flexibility of the filler laminate is reduced, and separation from the mortar is observed.

[0077] Example 2 A filler layer for a concrete structure (2) and a mortar-gel-mortar structure (H-type specimen) as the concrete structure (2) were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the water-based paint (1) used in Example 1 was changed to the water-based paint (2), and then each performance was evaluated.

[0078] Example 3 A filler layer for a concrete structure (3) and a mortar-gel-mortar structure (H-type specimen) as the concrete structure (3) were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the hydrogel precursor composition (1) used in Example 1 was changed to the hydrogel precursor composition (2), and then each performance was evaluated.

[0079] Example 4 A filler layer for a concrete structure (4) and a mortar-gel-mortar structure (H-type specimen) as the concrete structure (4) were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the water-based paint (1) used in Example 1 was changed to the water-based paint (3), and then each performance was evaluated.

[0080] (Comparative Example 1) A mortar-gel-mortar structure (H-type specimen) was obtained as a concrete structure (R1) in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the water-based paint (1) applied in Example 1 was not applied, and then its flexibility was evaluated.

[0081] (Comparative Example 2) A filler layer for concrete structures (R2) and a mortar-gel-mortar structure (H-type specimen) as the concrete structure (R2) were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the water-based paint (1) used in Example 1 was changed to a solvent-based paint ("Priadeck T-46NX" manufactured by DIC Corporation), and then each performance was evaluated.

[0082] The operations in the above examples and comparative examples were carried out in a laboratory at 23°C and 50% RH.

[0083] The compositions and evaluation results of Examples 1 to 4 are shown in Table 1.

[0084] [Table 1]

[0085] The compositions and evaluation results of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 2.

[0086] [Table 2]

[0087] It was confirmed that the filler layers for concrete structures of the present invention of Examples 1 to 4 have excellent interlayer adhesion and can maintain excellent flexibility for a long period of time.

[0088] On the other hand, Comparative Example 1 is an example in which no coating film is provided on the organic-inorganic composite hydrogel layer (A), and it was confirmed that flexibility could not be maintained for a long period of time.

[0089] Comparative Example 2 is an example in which a coating film obtained from a solvent-based paint is formed on the organic-inorganic composite hydrogel layer (A), but it was confirmed that the interlayer adhesion was insufficient and flexibility could not be maintained for a long period of time.

Claims

1. A method for producing a filler laminate for concrete structures having an organic-inorganic composite hydrogel layer (A) and a coating film (B) obtained from an aqueous paint thereon, the method comprising the steps of injecting a hydrogel precursor composition into gaps in a concrete structure, forming the organic-inorganic composite hydrogel layer (A) in the gaps, and painting the aqueous paint thereon.

2. 2. The method for producing a filler laminate for concrete structures according to claim 1, wherein the organic-inorganic composite hydrogel layer (A) contains a polymer of a water-soluble organic monomer, a water-swellable clay mineral, and water.

3. The organic-inorganic composite hydrogel layer (A) has a volatility of 1 cm in an open system at 60° C. and 1 atmosphere. ２ ・0.1g or less per hour (0.1g / cm ２ 3. The method for producing a laminated filler for concrete structures according to claim 2, wherein the laminated filler contains a low-volatile solvent having a viscosity of 1000 psi or less.

4. 4. The method for producing a laminated filler for concrete structures according to claim 2, wherein the water-swellable clay mineral comprises phosphonic acid-modified hectorite.

5. 5. The method for producing a laminated filler for concrete structures according to claim 1, wherein the water-based paint contains an acrylic resin.

6. A method for manufacturing a concrete structure, characterized in that gaps are filled with the laminated filler for concrete structures according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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