Flame-retardant heat insulating and fire-resistant materials for batteries

Abstract

The present invention discloses a flame-retardant heat-insulating material for batteries, which is a silicone rubber flame-retardant heat-insulating material including an organic silicone rubber, a porcelain-forming filler, a flame retardant, an auxiliary, and a flame-retardant heat-insulating layer containing glass powders having different initial melting temperatures and a molten temperature range covering 300°C to 1500°C, and an impact-resistant layer. This material contains various glass powders having different melting temperature ranges, so that when the fire-resistant material burns in the temperature range of 300°C to 1500°C to form a ceramic layer, it always has molten glass powder inside, and the molten glass powder can timely fill the pores and cracks generated in the ceramic layer at different temperatures, thereby maximally guaranteeing the continuity, integrity and denseness of the ceramic layer. At the same time, the fire-resistant material has the characteristics of quickly forming porcelain at a low temperature and enduring a high temperature of about 1500°C. Conventional glass powders have a single temperature range in the melting state, and the glass powder vaporizes at high temperatures to generate pores in the ceramic layer, which reduces the denseness of the structure and makes it easy to melt down.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] (CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS) This application claims priority from Chinese Patent Application No. 202211274999.X, filed in China on October 18, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to a silicone rubber flame-retardant heat insulating and fire-resistant material, and more particularly to a flame-retardant heat insulating and fire-resistant material for new energy vehicle battery packs. [Background technology]

[0003] Generally, the probability of a battery thermal runaway is one in ten million, but when an electric vehicle integrates thousands of batteries to form a battery pack, the probability of the battery pack thermal runaway increases to one in ten thousand. Furthermore, thermal runaway of one battery can cause thermal runaway of the entire battery pack, and the combustion temperature after thermal runaway of the battery pack can reach 1500°C, which is even more shocking and poses a major challenge to the safety of electric vehicles. Research has shown that ceramized silicone rubber is currently the optimal material solution for new energy vehicle battery packs, as it can prevent continuous thermal runaway of the battery core and avoid the ignition of adjacent modules.

[0004] Ceramicized silicone rubber is a porcelain-compatible polymer composite material that possesses the excellent properties of conventional polymers at room temperature and exhibits ceramic properties due to its ability to form a dense ceramic structure at high temperatures. The high bond energy of the Si-O bond in silicone rubber gives it excellent thermal stability. Furthermore, when burned in a high-temperature flame, the Si-O bonds form a continuous, oxidation-resistant, insulating network of SiO2 ash that coats the surface of the battery core, effectively preventing further combustion. Furthermore, the smoke produced during the combustion of the silicone rubber matrix is ​​primarily CO2 and H2O, generated by the combustion of side groups. This produces no toxic gases and poses no environmental pollution risk. The use of organic silicone polymers to produce ceramicized silicone rubber offers unique advantages in terms of process and raw material selection, as well as the high-temperature resistance and mechanical properties of the resulting ceramic product.

[0005] The main principle of ceramized silicone rubber is to improve its thermal stability by adding catalysts, thermal stabilizers, fire-resistant fillers, and glass powder, thereby promoting the formation and stabilization of the ceramic layer. Typically, after ceramized silicone rubber is burned, the specific ceramization process is as follows: During combustion or high temperatures, the silicone rubber matrix first decomposes into amorphous SiO2, resulting in the formation of pores of various sizes. Next, as the temperature increases, the low-melting-point glass powder (ceramizing powder, porcelain-forming melting aid) gradually melts, forming a liquid phase in the silicone rubber system. This bonds the amorphous SiO2 in the matrix with the temperature-resistant porcelain-forming filler (mica, kaolin, wollastonite, etc.), forming a "hypoeutectic mixture" at the filler interface, known as a co-crystal reaction. The hypoeutectic mixture acts as a bridge between the amorphous SiO2 and the filler, maintaining its integrity at the ignition temperature. Finally, as time progresses, the temperature is further increased, resulting in more complete interpenetration between the porcelain-forming filler and the amorphous SiO2 and hypoeutectic mixture, the filler boundaries disappearing, and new inorganic phases are formed, forming a continuous, complete, dense ceramic body structure.

[0006] Chinese Patent CN110845850A discloses ceramizable halogen-free flame-retardant silicone rubber and its manufacturing method. Chinese Patent CN107286636A discloses low-smoke flame-retardant ceramizable thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer composite material, its manufacturing method and application. Chinese Patent CN202111191443.X discloses ceramizable flame-retardant heat-insulating and fire-protecting material, its manufacturing method and application. Although the above patents all disclose ceramizable silicone rubber and its application method, they still have deficiencies in protecting battery packs.

[0007] Typically, when ceramic silicone rubber is burned at high temperatures, its components react at significantly different temperatures. For example, silicone rubber begins to decompose at 350°C, producing amorphous SiO2, which creates numerous pores of various sizes on its surface. Muscovite (a common porcelain-forming filler) only begins to decompose above 700°C. Common glass powders with different components have initial melting temperatures between 300°C and 700°C. When a battery experiences thermal runaway, the combustion temperature gradually reaches 1500°C, accompanied by thermal shock. The initial melting temperature of the glass powder is high (above 700°C). In the low-temperature range (350°C to 700°C), the silicone rubber, porcelain-forming filler, and glass powder cannot form a continuous, complete, dense ceramic structure. The porous amorphous SiO2 is easily destroyed by impact force, resulting in meltdown. If the initial melting temperature of the glass powder is low (less than 700°C), the glass powder will volatilize into gas phase in the high temperature range (1200°C or higher), causing pores in the ceramic body skeleton structure, which reduces the density of the ceramic body structure and makes it susceptible to thermal shock, resulting in melting.

[0008] All currently disclosed ceramic silicone rubbers only contain glass powder with one initial melting temperature, i.e., the glass powder in conventional materials cannot fully cover the melting temperature range of 300°C to 1500°C, which is why the above problem always occurs. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention addresses the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a flame-retardant, heat-insulating, and fire-protecting material for batteries. By adding various glass powders with different melting temperature ranges, the fire-protecting material always contains molten glass powder when burned at temperatures between 300°C and 1500°C. These molten glass powders can timely fill pores and cracks that occur at different temperatures in the ceramic layer formed by the co-crystallization of SiO2 ash and refractory filler, thereby maximizing the continuity, integrity, and density of the ceramic layer. The fire-protecting material also features the ability to quickly form porcelain at low temperatures and withstand temperatures above 1500°C. Previous materials had the problem of using only a single melting temperature range for the glass powder, which prevented high-melting point glass powder from melting in a timely manner to fill gaps in the ceramic layer at low temperatures, and low-melting point glass powder was prone to vaporization at high temperatures, creating pores in the ceramic phase, reducing the density of the structure and making it prone to burn-through.

[0010] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A flame-retardant heat-insulating and fire-protecting material for batteries, which includes an impact-resistant layer and a flame-retardant heat-insulating layer that contains organic silicone rubber, porcelain-forming fillers, flame retardants, and additives, and further contains glass powders with several different initial melting temperatures, wherein the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer is applied to the surface of the impact-resistant layer, the thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer is (2-10):1, and the temperature range of the molten state of the several glass powders covers 300°C to 1500°C.

[0011] In the above technical solution, optionally, the impact-resistant layer is glass fiber cloth.

[0012] In the above technical solution, optionally, the impact-resistant layer is a multi-layer composite of glass fiber cloth.

[0013] In the above technical solution, optionally, the glass powder includes glass powder A, which has a molten temperature range of 300°C to 700°C, and glass powder B, which has a molten temperature range of 700°C to 1500°C. The mass ratio of glass powder A to glass powder B is 1-2:1-3.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the glass powder optionally includes glass powder C, which has a temperature range in the molten state of 300°C to 550°C, glass powder D, which has a temperature range in the molten state of 550°C to 900°C, and glass powder E, which has a temperature range in the molten state of 900°C to 1500°C. The mass ratio of glass powder C, glass powder D, and glass powder E is 1-2:1-2:2-3.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the glass powder optionally includes glass powder F, which has a temperature range in the molten state of 300°C to 800°C, glass powder G, which has a temperature range in the molten state of 600°C to 1000°C, glass powder H, which has a temperature range in the molten state of 700°C to 1250°C, and glass powder I, which has a temperature range in the molten state of 1000°C to 1500°C. The mass ratio of glass powder F, glass powder G, glass powder H, and glass powder I is 1-3:1-3:1-3:1-3.

[0016] In the above technical solutions, optionally, the raw materials of the glass powder include one or more selected from silicon oxide, boron oxide, and metal oxide, and the metal oxide includes one or more selected from lead oxide, aluminum oxide, lithium oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, vanadium oxide, barium oxide, sodium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide, tin oxide, bismuth oxide, and antimony oxide.

[0017] In the above technical solution, optionally, the raw material of the glass powder further comprises stannous fluoride.

[0018] In the above technical solution, optionally, it contains 40 to 60 parts of organic silicone rubber, 20 to 30 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 15 to 25 parts of flame retardant, 2 to 10 parts of glass powder, and 2 to 5 parts of auxiliary agent.

[0019] The above technical solution optionally further comprises 10 to 17 parts of an extending filler. In the above technical solution, optionally, the flame-retardant heat insulating and fire-protecting material will not melt down in at least 30 minutes when subjected to a flame shock of 1500°C.

[0020] Glass powder is generally produced by thoroughly mixing SiO2, B2O3, Al2O3, PbO, and several metal oxides in a certain ratio, followed by melting, water quenching, and grinding. Depending on the ratio of different components and the addition of different metal oxides, the initial melting temperature and the temperature range in the molten state of the glass powder will be slightly different.

[0021] During thermal runaway in lithium batteries, a deflagration phenomenon occurs, i.e., high-temperature combustion accompanied by impact. Silicone rubber begins to decompose at 350°C, producing amorphous SiO2, which creates numerous pores of different sizes. In this case, glass powder must melt, form a liquid phase, fill the pores, and connect the amorphous SiO2 with the porcelain-forming filler to maintain stability under combustion and impact. Thus, the initial melting temperature of the glass powder in conventional materials is often selected to be between 300°C and 700°C so that it melts when the silicone rubber begins to decompose and fills the pores as quickly as possible. However, the temperature range of the molten state of glass powder with an initial melting temperature of 300°C to 700°C generally does not exceed 1000°C. In other words, when the combustion temperature is higher than the temperature range of the molten state of the glass powder, the glass powder will volatilize into gas, which will create pores in the formed ceramic layer, reducing the density of the overall ceramic layer structure. Under the combined effects of thermal shock and combustion, conventional fireproofing materials will melt down in flames of 1000°C to 1500°C, resulting in the fireproofing material being ineffective. Moreover, thermal shocks occur during the entire combustion process, which are very likely to cause cracks in the ceramic layer. If the cracks are not repaired after they occur, the entire fire-protecting material will be rendered useless. That is, to ensure that the ceramic layer remains continuous, complete, and dense up to 1500°C, the pores and cracks must be filled with molten glass powder from time to time during the entire combustion process of the fire-protecting material.

[0022] Therefore, the present invention has various melting temperature ranges, covering 300°C to 1500°C, by mixing glass powders with various initial melting temperatures. Therefore, no matter how high the burning temperature of the fireproof material, there is always glass powder in a molten state to fill the pores and cracks in the ceramic layer, which maximizes the continuity, integrity, and density of the ceramic layer, allowing the ceramic layer to maximize its thermal insulation and flame retardancy.

[0023] Compared to the prior art, the present invention adds various glass powders with different melting temperature ranges to maintain a molten glass powder within the temperature range of 300°C to 1500°C, and the molten glass powder can timely fill pores and cracks that occur in the ceramic layer at different temperatures, maximizing the continuity, integrity, and density of the ceramic layer. The flame-retardant, thermal insulating and fire-protective material for batteries also features the ability to quickly form porcelain at low temperatures and withstand temperatures as high as 1500°C. Conventional materials have a single melting temperature range for the glass powder, which prevents high-melting-point glass powder from melting in a timely manner at low temperatures to fill gaps in the ceramic layer, and low-melting-point glass powder is easily vaporized at high temperatures, creating pores in the ceramic layer, reducing the density of the structure and making it prone to melting. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0024] [Figure 1] 10 is an actual photograph showing the complete ceramic state of the flame-retardant thermal insulation and fire protection material for batteries prepared in Example 17 of the present invention after undergoing a 15-minute, 1500°C flame shock test and a 5 standard atmosphere deflagration test. [Figure 2] 10 is an actual image showing the ceramic crack state of the flame-retardant thermal insulation and fire protection material for batteries prepared in Example 17 of the present invention after undergoing a 15-minute, 1500°C flame shock test and a deflagration test at 7 standard atmospheric pressure. [Figure 3] 10 is an actual photograph showing the ceramic destruction state of the flame-retardant thermal insulating and fire-protecting material for batteries prepared in Example 17 of the present invention after undergoing a 15-minute, 1500°C flame shock test and a 10 standard atmosphere deflagration test. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0025] In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention is enumerated in the following examples. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for aiding in understanding the present invention, and do not specifically limit the present invention.

[0026] In the examples of this application, the organic silicone rubber is any one or a combination of at least two selected from liquid silicone rubber, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, and methyl phenyl vinyl silicone rubber. In the following examples and comparative examples, the organic silicone rubber is methyl vinyl silicone rubber: 1103 from Guangzhou Xieyou New Materials Technology Co., Ltd. (the Chinese characters "Xie" are composed of "stone" and "evening"). In actual applications, it is not limited to methyl vinyl silicone rubber.

[0027] The porcelain-forming filler is any one or a combination of at least two selected from muscovite, phlogopite, kaolin, brucite, and talc. In the following examples and comparative examples, the porcelain-forming filler is muscovite from Guangdong Yongfeng Chemical Co., Ltd. In practical applications, it is not limited to muscovite.

[0028] The extending filler is any one or a combination of at least two selected from diatomaceous earth, wollastonite, calcium carbonate, and fumed silica. In the following examples and comparative examples, the extending fillers include diatomaceous earth from Guangzhou Haozhao Chemical Co., Ltd., 325-6250 (mesh) calcium carbonate from Dongguan Kinke New Materials Co., Ltd. ("kin" is the Chinese character consisting of "sun" and "jin"), and nanosilica KS-8200 from Jinan Kasong Chemical Co., Ltd. ("ka" is the Chinese character consisting of "up" and "to"). The mass ratio of diatomaceous earth, calcium carbonate, and nanosilica is 0.8:1:3, and actual applications are not limited to mixtures of the above materials.

[0029] The flame retardant is any one or a combination of at least two selected from antimony trioxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, phosphorus-containing inorganic flame retardants, boron-containing inorganic flame retardants, and phosphorus-containing organic flame retardants. In the following examples and comparative examples, the flame retardants include aluminum hydroxide from Hefei Zhongke Flame Retardant New Materials Co., Ltd., a phosphorus-containing inorganic flame retardant from Shijiazhuang Jinsheng Chemical Co., Ltd. ("Jin" is the Chinese character for "gold" consisting of three characters), and a phosphorus-containing organic flame retardant from Zhengzhou Hanshuo Chemical Raw Materials Co., Ltd. The mass ratio of aluminum hydroxide, phosphorus-containing inorganic flame retardant, and phosphorus-containing organic flame retardant is 3:0.9:1.3, and actual applications are not limited to mixtures of the above materials.

[0030] The co-agents include a silane coupling agent, silicone oil, and a vulcanizing agent. Here, the vulcanizing agent is one selected from benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl perbenzoate, di-tert-butyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di-tert-butylhexane peroxide, and platinum vulcanizing agents. In the following examples and comparative examples, the co-agents are a silane coupling agent and silicone oil from Jiangsu Quanli Chemical Co., Ltd., and the vulcanizing agent is benzoyl peroxide. The mass ratio of the silane coupling agent, silicone oil, and benzoyl peroxide is 0.5:5:1.8, and actual applications are not limited to the mixture of the above materials.

[0031] The glass powder is any one or a combination of at least two selected from silicon oxide, boron oxide, and metal oxides. Here, the metal oxide is any one or a combination of at least two selected from lead oxide, aluminum oxide, lithium oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, vanadium oxide, barium oxide, sodium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide, tin oxide, bismuth oxide, and antimony oxide. Some glass powders further contain stannous fluoride. Glass powders have various initial melting temperatures and molten state temperature ranges depending on the components and blending ratios. In this application, the molten state temperature range only indicates that the glass powder is in a molten state within this range. The temperatures at the end points are not the melting point and boiling point, and the glass powder may be in a molten state outside the temperature range. In the following examples and comparative examples, the glass powder is provided by Guangzhou Yifeng Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. according to the applicant's request, or is self-arranged by the applicant.

[0032] In the present embodiment, the components of glass powder A include SnF2, P2O5, SiO2, Sb2O3, and Bi2O3, and include, by weight, 40 to 50 parts SnF2, 35 to 45 parts P2O5, 1 to 7 parts SiO2, 1 to 7 parts Sb2O3, and 1 to 7 parts Bi2O3. Optionally, the components of glass powder A include 45 parts SnF2, 40 parts P2O5, 5 parts SiO2, 5 parts Sb2O3, and 5 parts Bi2O3. The temperature range of glass powder A in its molten state covers 300°C to 700°C. In practical applications, regardless of the components of glass powder A, the temperature range of glass powder A in its molten state only needs to cover 300°C to 700°C. The above is merely an example of one component of glass powder A.

[0033] The components of glass powder B include SiO2, B2O3, and PbO, and include, by mass, 25 to 35 parts SiO2, 10 to 15 parts B2O3, and 15 to 25 parts PbO. Optionally, glass powder B includes 30 parts SiO2, 11 parts B2O3, and 22 parts PbO. The temperature range of glass powder B in its molten state covers 700°C to 1500°C. In actual applications, regardless of the components of glass powder B, it is only necessary that the temperature range of glass powder B in its molten state covers 700°C to 1500°C. The above is just an example of one component of glass powder B.

[0034] The components of glass powder C include SnF2, P2O5, V2O5, Sb2O3, and Bi2O3, and include, by mass, 45 to 55 parts SnF2, 30 to 40 parts P2O5, 1 to 7 parts V2O5, 1 to 7 parts Sb2O3, and 1 to 7 parts Bi2O3. Optionally, glass powder C includes 50 parts SnF2, 35 parts P2O5, 5 parts V2O5, 5 parts Sb2O3, and 5 parts Bi2O3. The temperature range of glass powder C in its molten state covers 300°C to 550°C. In practical applications, regardless of the components of glass powder C, the temperature range of glass powder C in its molten state only needs to cover 300°C to 550°C. The above is just one example of the components of glass powder C.

[0035] The components of Glass Powder D include SiO2, TiO2, B2O3, and PbO, and include, by mass, 10 to 15 parts SiO2, 1 to 5 parts TiO2, 10 to 15 parts B2O3, and 15 to 20 parts PbO. Alternatively, Glass Powder D may include 14 parts SiO2, 2 parts TiO2, 12 parts B2O3, and 17 parts PbO. The temperature range of Glass Powder D in its molten state covers 550°C to 900°C. In practical applications, regardless of the components of Glass Powder D, it is only necessary for Glass Powder D to cover the temperature range of 550°C to 900°C in its molten state. The above is merely an example of one component of Glass Powder D.

[0036] The components of Glass Powder E include SiO2 and PbO, and by mass, it contains 30 to 40 parts SiO2 and 20 to 25 parts PbO. Optionally, Glass Powder E contains 35 parts SiO2 and 20 parts PbO. The temperature range of Glass Powder E in its molten state covers 900°C to 1500°C. In actual applications, regardless of the components of Glass Powder E, it is only necessary that the temperature range of Glass Powder E in its molten state covers 900°C to 1500°C. The above is just an example of one component of Glass Powder E.

[0037] The components of glass powder F include SnF2, P2O5, SiO2, Bi2O3, and V2O5. In terms of parts by mass, the components include 35 to 45 parts SnF2, 35 to 45 parts P2O5, 1 to 7 parts V2O5, 5 to 15 parts SiO2, and 1 to 7 parts Bi2O3. Alternatively, the components of glass powder F include 40 parts SnF2, 40 parts P2O5, 5 parts V2O5, 10 parts SiO2, and 5 parts Bi2O3. The temperature range of the molten state of glass powder F covers 300°C to 800°C. In practical applications, regardless of the components of glass powder F, the temperature range of the molten state of glass powder F only needs to cover 300°C to 800°C. The above is merely an example of one of the components of glass powder F.

[0038] The components of Glass Powder G include SiO2, TiO2, B2O3, and PbO, and include, by weight, 10 to 20 parts SiO2, 7 to 13 parts TiO2, 10 to 15 parts B2O3, and 10 to 15 parts PbO. Optionally, Glass Powder G includes 15 parts SiO2, 10 parts TiO2, 13 parts B2O3, and 12 parts PbO. The molten temperature range of Glass Powder G covers 600°C to 1000°C. In practical applications, regardless of the components of Glass Powder G, it is only necessary for Glass Powder G to cover the molten temperature range of 600°C to 1000°C. The above is just an example of one component of Glass Powder G.

[0039] The components of Glass Powder H include SiO2, B2O3, TiO2, and PbO. In terms of parts by mass, it contains 15 to 20 parts SiO2, 10 to 15 parts TiO2, 10 to 20 parts B2O3, and 15 to 25 parts PbO. Alternatively, Glass Powder H contains 17 parts SiO2, 12 parts TiO2, 15 parts B2O3, and 20 parts PbO. The temperature range of Glass Powder H in its molten state is 700°C to 1250°C. In practical applications, regardless of the components of Glass Powder H, it is sufficient that the temperature range of Glass Powder H in its molten state is 700°C to 1250°C. The above is merely an example of one component of Glass Powder H.

[0040] The components of Glass Powder I include SiO2 and PbO. In terms of parts by mass, Glass Powder I contains 25 to 35 parts SiO2 and 10 to 15 parts PbO. Optionally, Glass Powder I contains 30 parts SiO2 and 13 parts PbO. The temperature range of Glass Powder I in its molten state covers 1000°C to 1500°C. In practical applications, regardless of the components of Glass Powder I, it is only necessary that the temperature range of Glass Powder I in its molten state covers 1000°C to 1500°C; the above is merely an example of one component of Glass Powder I.

[0041] Example 1: The composition contained, by weight, 40 parts of organic silicone rubber, 20 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 10 parts of extending filler, 15 parts of flame retardant, 2 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The glass powder contained glass powder A and glass powder B. The weight ratio of glass powder A to glass powder B was 1:1. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 10:1, and the total thickness of the material was 2 mm.

[0042] Example 2: The material contained, by weight, 60 parts of organic silicone rubber, 30 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 17 parts of extending filler, 25 parts of flame retardant, 10 parts of glass powder, and 5 parts of auxiliary agent. The glass powders included glass powder C, glass powder D, and glass powder E. The mass ratio of glass powder C, glass powder D, and glass powder E was 1:1:2. The impact-resistant layer was a three-layer glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 2:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0043] Example 3: The material contained, by weight, 50 parts organic silicone rubber, 25 parts porcelain-forming filler, 15 parts extending filler, 20 parts flame retardant, 6 parts glass powder, and 3 parts auxiliary agent. The glass powders included Glass Powder F, Glass Powder G, Glass Powder H, and Glass Powder I. The mass ratio of Glass Powder F, Glass Powder G, Glass Powder H, and Glass Powder I was 1:1:1:1. The impact-resistant layer was a two-layer glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 6:1, and the total thickness of the material was 2.5 mm.

[0044] Example 4: The composition contained, by weight, 45 parts organic silicone rubber, 27 parts porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts extending filler, 22 parts flame retardant, 8 parts glass powder, and 2 parts auxiliary agent. The glass powder contained glass powder A and glass powder B, and the mass ratio of glass powder A to glass powder B was 1:1. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0045] Example 5: The composition contained, by weight, 45 parts organic silicone rubber, 27 parts porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts extending filler, 22 parts flame retardant, 8 parts glass powder, and 2 parts auxiliary agent. The glass powder contained glass powder A and glass powder B, and the weight ratio of glass powder A to glass powder B was 1:2. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0046] Example 6: The composition contained, by weight, 45 parts of organic silicone rubber, 27 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts of extending filler, 22 parts of flame retardant, 8 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The glass powder contained glass powder A and glass powder B, and the weight ratio of glass powder A to glass powder B was 2:3. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0047] Example 7: The composition contained, by weight, 45 parts of organic silicone rubber, 27 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts of extending filler, 22 parts of flame retardant, 8 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The glass powders included glass powder C, glass powder D, and glass powder E. The mass ratio of glass powder C, glass powder D, and glass powder E was 1:1:2. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0048] Example 8: The composition contained, by weight, 45 parts of organic silicone rubber, 27 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts of extending filler, 22 parts of flame retardant, 8 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The glass powders included glass powder C, glass powder D, and glass powder E. The mass ratio of glass powder C, glass powder D, and glass powder E was 1:2:3. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0049] Example 9: The composition contained, by weight, 45 parts of organic silicone rubber, 27 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts of extending filler, 22 parts of flame retardant, 8 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The glass powders included glass powder C, glass powder D, and glass powder E. The mass ratio of glass powder C, glass powder D, and glass powder E was 2:2:3. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0050] Example 10: The composition contained, by weight, 45 parts of organic silicone rubber, 27 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts of extending filler, 22 parts of flame retardant, 8 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The glass powders included Glass Powder F, Glass Powder G, Glass Powder H, and Glass Powder I. The mass ratio of Glass Powder F, Glass Powder G, Glass Powder H, and Glass Powder I was 1:1:1:1. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0051] Example 11: The composition contained, by weight, 45 parts organic silicone rubber, 27 parts porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts extending filler, 22 parts flame retardant, 8 parts glass powder, and 2 parts auxiliary agent. The glass powders included glass powder F, glass powder G, glass powder H, and glass powder I. The mass ratio of glass powder F, glass powder G, glass powder H, and glass powder I was 1:1:2:2. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0052] Example 12: The composition contained, by weight, 45 parts organic silicone rubber, 27 parts porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts extending filler, 22 parts flame retardant, 8 parts glass powder, and 2 parts auxiliary agent. The glass powders included Glass Powder F, Glass Powder G, Glass Powder H, and Glass Powder I. The mass ratio of Glass Powder F, Glass Powder G, Glass Powder H, and Glass Powder I was 1:2:2:3. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0053] Example 13: The composition contained, by weight, 45 parts organic silicone rubber, 27 parts porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts extending filler, 22 parts flame retardant, 8 parts glass powder, and 2 parts auxiliary agent. The glass powders included Glass Powder F, Glass Powder G, Glass Powder H, and Glass Powder I. The mass ratio of Glass Powder F, Glass Powder G, Glass Powder H, and Glass Powder I was 1:1:1:2. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0054] Example 14: By weight, it contained 52 parts of organic silicone rubber, 27 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 17 parts of extending filler, 23 parts of flame retardant, 5 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The other contents were the same as in Example 12.

[0055] Example 15: By weight, it contained 47 parts of organic silicone rubber, 25 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 15 parts of extending filler, 20 parts of flame retardant, 4 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The other contents were the same as in Example 12.

[0056] In the above embodiments, the number of glass powders with different initial melting temperatures is not limited to that disclosed herein, and the molten state temperatures of the glass powders need only cover a range of 300°C to 1500°C. That is, the mixing of glass powders is not limited to mixing glass powder A and glass powder B. Mixing of glass powders C, D, and E, and mixing of glass powder F, G, H, and I can be performed as long as the requirements are met. Furthermore, the mixing of glass powders is not limited to mixing glass powder A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, and I disclosed herein, and can be performed as long as the requirements for the molten state temperature range are met.

[0057] Example 16: A composite material, by weight, containing 47 parts organic silicone rubber, 25 parts porcelain-forming filler, 15 parts extending filler, 20 parts flame retardant, 4 parts glass powder, and 2 parts auxiliary agent. The glass powders included glass powder A, glass powder G, glass powder H, and glass powder I. The mass ratio of glass powder A, glass powder G, glass powder H, and glass powder I was 1:1:2:2. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0058] Example 17: A composite material, by weight, contained 47 parts of organic silicone rubber, 25 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 15 parts of extending filler, 20 parts of flame retardant, 4 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of additives. The glass powders included glass powder A, glass powder G, glass powder H, and glass powder E. The mass ratio of glass powder A, glass powder G, glass powder H, and glass powder E was 1:1:1:2. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0059] In the above examples, the glass powders having different initial melting temperatures are mixed with the organic silicone rubber, porcelain-forming filler, extending filler or flame retardant alone, and should not be mixed with the organic silicone rubber, porcelain-forming filler, extending filler or flame retardant after mixing the glass powders having different initial melting temperatures.

[0060] Comparative Example 1: The composition contained, by mass, 45 parts of organic silicone rubber, 27 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts of extending filler, 22 parts of flame retardant, 8 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The glass powder was Glass Powder A. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0061] Comparative Example 2: The composition contained, by weight, 45 parts of organic silicone rubber, 27 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts of extending filler, 22 parts of flame retardant, 8 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The glass powder was Glass Powder B. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0062] Comparative Example 3: The composition contained, by weight, 45 parts of organic silicone rubber, 27 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts of extending filler, 22 parts of flame retardant, 8 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The glass powder was Glass Powder C. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0063] Comparative Example 4: The composition contained, by weight, 45 parts of organic silicone rubber, 27 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts of extending filler, 22 parts of flame retardant, 8 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The glass powder was Glass Powder D. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0064] Comparative Example 5: Comprising, by weight, 45 parts of organic silicone rubber, 27 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts of extending filler, 22 parts of flame retardant, 8 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The glass powder was Glass Powder E. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0065] Comparative Example 6: Comprising, by weight, 45 parts of organic silicone rubber, 27 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts of extending filler, 22 parts of flame retardant, 8 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The glass powder was Glass Powder F. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0066] Comparative Example 7: The composition contained, by weight, 45 parts of organic silicone rubber, 27 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts of extending filler, 22 parts of flame retardant, 8 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The glass powder was Glass Powder G. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0067] Comparative Example 8: Comprising, by weight, 45 parts of organic silicone rubber, 27 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts of extending filler, 22 parts of flame retardant, 8 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The glass powder was Glass Powder H. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0068] Comparative Example 9: The composition contained, by weight, 45 parts of organic silicone rubber, 27 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 14 parts of extending filler, 22 parts of flame retardant, 8 parts of glass powder, and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The glass powder was Glass Powder I. The impact-resistant layer was a single-ply glass fiber cloth, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer was composited with the impact-resistant layer. The thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer was 4:1, and the total thickness of the material was 1 mm.

[0069] The composite of the flame-retardant heat insulating layer and the impact-resistant layer in all the examples and comparative examples was obtained by the following manufacturing method.

[0070] S1: Glass powders with different initial melting temperatures were mixed individually with other additives other than organic silicone rubber, porcelain-forming filler, extender filler, flame retardant, and vulcanizing agent in an internal mixer in several batches, and then further kneaded to obtain a rubber mixture.

[0071] S2: The rubber mixture was placed in a vulcanizer and a vulcanizing agent was added to obtain a flame-retardant, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant silicone rubber.

[0072] S3: The flame-retardant heat-insulating and fire-proof silicone rubber was applied to the impact-resistant layer (i.e., glass fiber cloth), rolled, and the vulcanization temperature was controlled at 130℃~160℃.

[0073] Finally, a flame-retardant heat insulating and fire-preventing material for batteries was obtained.

[0074] Performance tests were carried out on Examples 4 to 17, and the test criteria and results were as follows.

[0075] Density: ASTM D792-2013, density meter. In Examples 4 to 17, the density was 1.6±0.1 g / cm 3 It was.

[0076] Tensile strength: ASTM D412, tensile machine. In Examples 4 to 17, the tensile strength exceeded 15 MPa.

[0077] Flame retardancy: UL94, horizontal / vertical combustion tester. In Examples 4 to 17, the flame retardancy was V0.

[0078] Thermal conductivity: ASTM D5470, thermal conductivity tester. In Examples 4 to 17, the thermal conductivity was 0.3 W / (m·K) or less.

[0079] Withstand voltage: voltage adjusted to 2700 V DC, time 60 s, leakage current, withstand voltage tester. In Examples 4 to 17, the leakage current was less than 1 mA.

[0080] Insulation: voltage adjusted to 1000 V DC, time 60 s, resistance, insulation tester. In Examples 4 to 17, the resistance exceeded 1 GΩ.

[0081] Voltage breakdown: ASTM D149, voltage breakdown tester. In Examples 4 to 17, the breakdown voltage exceeded 20 kV.

[0082] Hardness: ASTM D2240, hardness tester. In Examples 4 to 17, the hardness was 65±7 Shore A.

[0083] Water absorption: 24-hour water absorption mass ratio. In Examples 4 to 17, the water absorption was 3% or less.

[0084] Ozone aging resistance: ASTM D1171, ozone concentration 2 ppm, temperature 23°C, humidity 65%, tensile strength 15%, moisture retention 46 hours. In Examples 4 to 17, no cracks were observed.

[0085] Low temperature properties: -40°C / 24 hours, folded 180°. No cracks were observed in Examples 4 to 17.

[0086] Long-term weather resistance: 500 cycles were performed between -40°C and 85°C with a temperature gradient of 5°C / min or less, with each cycle holding the highest and lowest temperatures for 15 minutes. Aging was performed at 85°C and 85% humidity for 1000 hours. Aging was performed at 120°C for 1200 hours. In Examples 4 to 17, all of the above performances still met the standard requirements after undergoing high-temperature / low-temperature cycles, high-temperature / high humidity, and high-temperature aging, respectively.

[0087] Deflagration tests were carried out at different pressures for Examples 4 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0088] Table 1: Deflagration test of Examples 4 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9 in a state where they are combined with glass fiber [Table 1] JPEG0007768519000002.jpg92124JPEG0007768519000003.jpg24124JPEG0007768519000004.jpg103124

[0089] The term "ceramically complete" means that the surface of the flame-retardant heat insulating and fire-protecting material for batteries prepared in the examples is relatively complete after the deflagration test, with no obvious defects.

[0090] The term "ceramic cracking" means that obvious cracks appear on the surface of the flame-retardant heat insulating and fire-protecting material for batteries prepared in the examples after the deflagration test.

[0091] The term "ceramic destruction" means that obvious pores and cracks appear on the surface of the flame-retardant heat insulating and fire-protecting materials for batteries prepared in the examples after the deflagration test.

[0092] The states of complete ceramization, ceramization cracks, and ceramization destruction can be seen in Figures 1 to 3. The states of each Example and Comparative Example are slightly different after the deflagration test. As can be seen from Table 1, after 30 minutes of flame shock at 1500°C and 3 standard atmospheric pressure, Examples 4 to 17 all maintained the integrity of the body, while Comparative Examples 1 to 9 had already lost some of their thermal insulation and fire protection functions.

[0093] Under a 30-minute flame shock at 1500°C and 5 standard atmospheric pressure, Examples 4 to 17 showed a decrease in heat insulation and fire protection performance, but still maintained a certain level of heat insulation and fire protection.Comparative Examples 1 to 9 all lost their heat insulation and fire protection functions.

[0094] At 15 minutes, 1500°C flame shock, and 5 standard atmospheric pressure, most of Examples 4 to 17 still had their heat insulating and fireproofing functions, while Comparative Examples 1 to 9 all lost their heat insulating and fireproofing functions.

[0095] At a flame shock of 1500°C for 15 minutes and 7 standard atmospheric pressure, some of Examples 4 to 17 lost their heat insulating and fireproofing functions, and all of Comparative Examples 1 to 9 lost their heat insulating and fireproofing functions.

[0096] After 15 minutes of flame shock at 1500°C and 10 standard atmospheric pressure, Examples 4 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9 all lost their heat insulating and fire preventing functions.

[0097] As can be seen from Table 1, Examples 4 to 17 performed completely better than Comparative Examples 1 to 9, demonstrating that the performance of a thermal insulating and fireproofing material that provides complete coverage in a molten state is superior to that of a thermal insulating and fireproofing material that provides partial coverage. As can be seen from the different temperature and atmospheric pressure conditions in Examples 4 to 17, when the content of high-melting-point glass powder was higher than that of low-melting-point glass powder, the performance of the thermal insulating and fireproofing material was better, as in Examples 12 to 17. When the content of high-melting-point glass powder and low-melting-point glass powder was equal, performance decreased. Due to the rapid deflagrative temperature rise, the temperature quickly reached 1500°C, and it was presumed that in order to burn at 1500°C for a long time, the glass powder needed to remain in a molten state at 1500°C for a long time.

[0098] In Examples 4 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9, the flame-retardant heat insulating layers were individually manufactured using the blending ratios of the raw materials used to form the flame-retardant heat insulating layers, and deflagration tests were carried out at different pressures. The details are shown in Table 2.

[0099] Table 2: Deflagration test of Examples 4 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9 without glass fiber [Table 2] JPEG0007768519000006.jpg88124

[0100] As can be seen from Table 2, without the impact-resistant layer, Examples 4 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9 could not withstand the 15-minute, 1500°C, deflagration test at 2 standard atmospheric pressure. That is, without the impact-resistant layer, the flame-retardant insulation layer had insufficient fire protection. Furthermore, in the 15-minute, 1500°C, deflagration test at 1 standard atmospheric pressure, the main structure of most of the flame-retardant insulation layers in Comparative Examples 1 to 9 was already incomplete and could not be used normally. Conversely, in Examples 4 to 17, only the 15-minute, 1500°C, deflagration test at 1.5 standard atmospheric pressure exhibited cracks and fractures in the ceramic phase.

[0101] Deflagration tests were carried out at different temperatures for Examples 4 to 17, as shown in Table 3.

[0102] Table 3: Deflagration tests at different temperatures after compounding with glass fibers of Examples 4 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9 [Table 3] JPEG0007768519000008.jpg65124JPEG0007768519000009.jpg53124

[0103] As can be seen from Table 3, Examples 4 to 17 were able to guarantee basic thermal insulation and fire retardancy at 15 minutes, 700°C, 5 standard atmospheres, and 15 minutes, 1000°C, 5 standard atmospheres. Comparative Examples 1 to 9 differed depending on the glass powder added. At 700°C, the comparative example with low-melting-point glass powder still guaranteed basic thermal insulation and fire retardancy, while the comparative example with high-melting-point glass powder failed to form a complete ceramic layer after long-term low-temperature combustion. Adding high-melting-point glass powder alone is only effective when the temperature rises rapidly to 1500°C.

[0104] As can be seen from the above experiments, the flame-retardant insulating material in this application, in which the temperature range of the glass powder in the molten state covers 300°C to 1500°C, exhibits superior performance compared to a flame-retardant insulating material in which the glass powder has a single initial melting temperature. The principle behind its long-term resistance to high temperatures of 1500°C in a high-pressure environment is that a portion of the glass powder can always remain molten above 350°C, seamlessly combining the silica substrate and glass powder, maximizing the continuity, integrity, and density of the ceramic layer. If only glass powder with a single initial melting temperature is added, the material will only be able to withstand low-temperature combustion, or the ceramic layer will be destroyed during low-temperature combustion.

[0105] Generally, the thicker the total thickness of the material, the better the impact resistance and flame-retardant heat insulation performance of the material, and in this specific embodiment, the total thickness of the material tested was about 1 mm. However, the thickness of the material in this application is not limited to the thickness disclosed in the specific embodiment, and in different application scenarios, the thickness of the impact resistance layer, the thickness of the flame-retardant heat insulation layer, and the total thickness of the material can be set according to actual needs.

Claims

1. A flame-retardant heat insulating and fireproof material for batteries, comprising: In addition to containing organic silicone rubber, porcelain-forming fillers, flame retardants and additives, the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer further contains glass powders having several different initial melting temperatures, and an impact-resistant layer; the impact-resistant layer is a glass fiber cloth; The flame-retardant heat-insulating layer is applied to the surface of the impact-resistant layer, and the thickness ratio of the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer to the impact-resistant layer is (2-10):

1. The temperature range of the molten state of some glass powders covers 300°C to 1500°C. A flame-retardant heat insulating and fireproof material for batteries.

2. The impact-resistant layer is a multi-layer composite of glass fiber cloth. The flame-retardant heat insulating and fireproof material for batteries according to claim 1.

3. The glass powder includes glass powder A having a temperature range of 300°C to 700°C in a molten state and glass powder B having a temperature range of 700°C to 1500°C in a molten state, and the mass ratio of glass powder A to glass powder B is 1-2:1-3. The flame-retardant heat insulating and fireproof material for batteries according to claim 1.

4. The glass powders include glass powder C, which has a temperature range in a molten state of 300°C to 550°C, glass powder D, which has a temperature range in a molten state of 550°C to 900°C, and glass powder E, which has a temperature range in a molten state of 900°C to 1500°C, and the mass ratio of glass powder C, glass powder D, and glass powder E is 1-2:1-2:2-3. The flame-retardant heat insulating and fireproof material for batteries according to claim 1.

5. The glass powders include glass powder F, which has a temperature range in a molten state of 300°C to 800°C, glass powder G, which has a temperature range in a molten state of 600°C to 1000°C, glass powder H, which has a temperature range in a molten state of 700°C to 1250°C, and glass powder I, which has a temperature range in a molten state of 1000°C to 1500°C, and the mass ratio of glass powder F, glass powder G, glass powder H, and glass powder I is 1-3:1-3:1-3:1-3. The flame-retardant heat insulating and fireproof material for batteries according to claim 1.

6. The raw material of the glass powder includes one or more selected from silicon oxide, boron oxide, and metal oxide; The flame-retardant heat insulating and fireproof material for batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The metal oxide includes one or more selected from lead oxide, aluminum oxide, lithium oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, vanadium oxide, barium oxide, sodium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide, tin oxide, bismuth oxide, and antimony oxide; 7. The flame-retardant heat insulating and fireproof material for batteries according to claim 6.

8. The glass powder raw material further includes stannous fluoride; 7. The flame-retardant heat insulating and fireproof material for batteries according to claim 6.

9. In parts by weight, the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer comprises 40 to 60 parts of organic silicone rubber, 20 to 30 parts of porcelain-forming filler, 15 to 25 parts of flame retardant, 2 to 10 parts of glass powder, and 2 to 5 parts of auxiliary agent; The flame-retardant heat insulating and fireproof material for batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. The flame retardant insulating layer further comprises 10 to 17 parts of an extending filler; The flame-retardant heat insulating and fireproof material for batteries according to claim 9.

11. Flame-retardant heat insulating and fire-resistant materials will not melt down for at least 30 minutes when exposed to a flame shock of 1500°C. The flame-retardant heat insulating and fireproof material for batteries according to claim 1.

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