Casing assembly interference detection device and method

Abstract

A casing assembly interference determination device and method are capable of estimating interference during casing assembly with high accuracy. [Solution] An assembly interference determination device for a casing constructed by connecting a lower half and an upper half includes a three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit that performs three-dimensional measurements of the shape of a bolt provided in either the lower half or the upper half and the shape of a bolt hole provided in the other of the lower half or the upper half to obtain three-dimensional measurement data, and an interference determination unit that determines whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole based on the three-dimensional measurement data obtained by the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a device and method for determining casing assembly interference. [Background technology]

[0002] A steam turbine, as a rotary machine, comprises a casing, a rotor, stator vanes, and moving blades. The casing supports the rotor for free rotation, and multiple moving blades are fixed to the rotor at intervals in the axial direction. The casing also has multiple stator vanes fixed to it at intervals in the axial direction. The stator vanes and moving blades are arranged alternately in the axial direction. The casing is divided into two halves, a lower half and an upper half, which are fastened together with multiple bolts to form a ring shape.

[0003] When inspecting a steam turbine, multiple bolts are loosened to remove the upper half from the lower half, and the internal components are inspected or repaired. Once the inspection or repair of the components is complete, the upper half is attached to the lower half and fastened with bolts. The casing may undergo inelastic deformation such as creep deformation due to thermal effects during operation. One example of a technology for estimating the amount of deformation of the casing is described in Patent Document 1. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2023 / 162384 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Creep deformation of the casing is a deformation in which the opposing mounting surfaces of the lower and upper halves curve into a convex or concave shape. Therefore, when attempting to fasten the upper half to the lower half after inspection work is completed, the mounting surfaces of the lower and upper halves do not properly contact, making it difficult to obtain uniform and sufficient surface pressure, potentially resulting in steam leakage. Furthermore, since the lower and upper halves are fastened together with multiple bolts, creep deformation of the upper mounting surface of the lower half or the lower mounting surface of the upper half can cause the stud bolts and bolt holes to tilt. Since the bolt body (including the threads) originally had a margin of just under a few millimeters relative to the bolt holes in the casing, slight deformation of the casing did not pose much of a problem during disassembly or assembly. However, with the recent trend toward ultra-high main steam temperatures, the amount of thermal deformation of the casing has increased, making the impact of bolt hole tilt no longer negligible. For example, if the amount of thermal deformation is large, the stud bolt in the lower half may interfere with the bolt hole in the upper half and may not be able to be inserted without corrective machining of the bolt hole.

[0006] The present disclosure is devised to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a casing assembly interference determination device and method that enable highly accurate estimation of interference that occurs during casing assembly. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the casing assembly interference determination device of the present disclosure is configured so that a lower half and an upper half are connected to each other, and includes a three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit that acquires three-dimensional measurement data by three-dimensionally measuring the shape of a bolt provided in either the lower half or the upper half and the shape of a bolt hole provided in the other of the lower half or the upper half, and an interference determination unit that determines whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole based on the three-dimensional measurement data acquired by the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the assembly interference determination method for a casing disclosed herein is a method for determining assembly interference for a casing configured by connecting a lower half and an upper half, and includes the steps of: obtaining three-dimensional measurement data by three-dimensionally measuring the shape of a bolt provided in either the lower half or the upper half and the shape of a bolt hole provided in the other of the lower half or the upper half; and determining whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole based on the obtained three-dimensional measurement data. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to the casing assembly interference determination device and method disclosed herein, interference during casing assembly can be estimated with high accuracy. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the internal configuration of a steam turbine. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the attachment relationship between the lower half and the upper half. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the deformed shapes of the lower and upper halves. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the casing assembly interference determination device of this embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the process of the casing assembly interference determination method of this embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the process of the bolt shape estimation method. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a method for estimating the shape of the bolt tip portion. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the process of the method for determining interference between a bolt and a bolt hole. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a plan view of the casing for explaining the process of determining whether or not a bolt interferes with a bolt hole. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the result of non-contact determination between the bolt and the bolt hole. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the contact determination result between the bolt and the bolt hole. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the optimization process when the bolt and the bolt hole are not in contact with each other. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the optimization process when the bolt and the bolt hole come into contact with each other. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Note that the present disclosure is not limited to these embodiments, and when there are multiple embodiments, the present disclosure also includes configurations that combine the embodiments. Furthermore, the components in the embodiments include those that can be easily imagined by a person skilled in the art, those that are substantially identical, and those that are within the so-called equivalent range.

[0012] <Steam turbine> In the first embodiment, the casing assembly interference determination device and method will be described as being applied to a steam turbine as a rotary machine. However, the rotary machine is not limited to a steam turbine, and can be applied to a gas turbine, compressor, or other machine in which a rotating body is rotatably supported relative to a stationary body. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the internal configuration of a steam turbine.

[0013] As shown in FIG. 1, a steam turbine (rotary machine) 10 includes a casing 11, a rotor 12, stationary blades 13, and moving blades 14.

[0014] The casing 11 has a hollow shape, and the rotor 12 is arranged horizontally inside. The rotor 12 is supported for free rotation about an axis O by bearings 21, 22 provided in the casing 11 (or the foundation of the plant). A plurality of stator vanes 13 are fixed to the inner periphery of the casing 11 at intervals in the axial direction A of the rotor 12. A plurality of moving blades 14 are fixed to the outer periphery of the rotor 12 at intervals in the axial direction A. The stator vanes 13 are arranged along the radial direction R of the rotor 12 and at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor 12. The moving blades 14 are arranged along the radial direction R of the rotor 12 and at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor 12, and the stator vanes 13 and moving blades 14 are arranged alternately in the axial direction A.

[0015] The casing 11 is provided with a steam supply port 23 at one end in the axial direction A. The steam supply port 23 is connected through a steam passage 24 to a blade row section 25 in which the stator blades 13 and the rotor blades 14 are arranged. The blade row section 25 is connected to an exhaust chamber 26. The casing 11 is provided with a steam exhaust port 27 at the other end in the axial direction A. The steam exhaust port 27 is connected to the exhaust chamber 26.

[0016] High-pressure steam is supplied from a steam supply port 23 through a steam passage 24 to a blade row section 25. As the steam passes through the plurality of stator vanes 13 and the plurality of moving blades 14, the rotor 12 is driven to rotate via each moving blade 14. A generator (not shown) is connected to the rotor 12, and the generator is driven by the driving force of the rotor 12. The steam that has driven each moving blade 14 is exhausted to the outside from a steam exhaust port 27 through an exhaust chamber 26.

[0017] <Casing creep deformation> FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the attachment relationship between the lower half and the upper half, and FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the deformed shapes of the lower half and the upper half.

[0018] As shown in FIG. 2, the casing 11 has a lower half 31 and an upper half 32. The lower half 31 has a lower storage space therein. The upper half 32 is disposed above the lower half 31. The upper half 32 has an upper storage space therein. The casing 11 accommodates a turbine 33 therein. The turbine 33 is configured by providing rotor blades 14 (see FIG. 1 for both) on the outer periphery of the rotor 12. The turbine 33 is disposed in the lower storage space in the lower half 31 and in the upper storage space in the upper half 32. The turbine 33 is supported rotatably about an axis O by a pair of bearings 34, 35 supported by the lower half 31 and the upper half 32. With the turbine 33 accommodated therein, the lower half 31 and the upper half 32 of the casing 11 are fastened together by a plurality of bolts 36.

[0019] The casing 11 undergoes creep deformation due to thermal influences during operation. When inspecting the steam turbine 10, the upper half 32 is removed from the lower half 31. At this time, the lower half 31 and the upper half 32 are no longer restrained by the bolts 36 and deform. As shown in FIG. 3 , for example, creep deformation of the lower half 31 is such that the lower mounting surface 41 curves upwardly and convexly, while creep deformation of the upper half 32 is such that the upper mounting surface 42 curves downwardly and convexly. This makes it difficult to reassemble the upper half 32 and the lower half 31. Furthermore, when disassembling the lower half 31 and the upper half 32, interference may occur between the threads of the bolts 36 and the bolt holes 43 and 44. However, creep deformation of the lower half 31 and the upper half 32 is not limited to these types of deformation.

[0020] That is, the lower half portion 31 and the upper half portion 32 are formed with bolt holes 43, 44 through which bolts 36 (see FIG. 2) are inserted to fasten the two portions together. The bolt holes 43, 44 are provided in a direction substantially perpendicular to the lower mounting surface 41 and the upper mounting surface 42. If the lower mounting surface 41 of the lower half portion 31 or the upper mounting surface 42 of the upper half portion 32 deforms, the bolt holes 43, 44 will tilt in the opposite direction from the vertical, causing the angles of the bolt holes 43 of the lower half portion 31 and the bolt holes 44 of the upper half portion 32 to differ. This reduces the gap between the bolts 36 and the bolt holes 43, 44, which can impair workability and delay disassembly and assembly work. Furthermore, if the angles between the bolts 36 and the bolt holes 43, 44 are significantly different, the bolts 36 may not be able to fit into the bolt holes 43, 44, making it impossible to fasten the lower half portion 31 and the upper half portion 32 together.

[0021] <Assembly interference detection device> FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the casing assembly interference determination device of this embodiment.

[0022] 3 and 4, a casing assembly interference determination device (hereinafter referred to as assembly interference determination device) 50 determines interference between bolts 36 and bolt holes 43, 44 when upper half 32 of casing 11 is removed from lower half 31 and various inspections and repairs are performed, and then upper half 32 is assembled to lower half 31. In addition, assembly interference determination device 50 can also estimate the amount of deformation (amount of deviation) of bolts 36 and bolt holes 43, 44.

[0023] 4, the assembly interference determination device 50 includes a three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit 51, a three-dimensional data calculation unit 52, an interference presence / absence determination unit 53, and a positional deviation amount calculation unit 54. The assembly interference determination device 50 is a control device, which is a controller, and is realized by, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or an MPU (Micro Processing Unit) executing various programs stored in a storage unit using a RAM as a work area.

[0024] Furthermore, the assembly interference determination device 50 is connected to an operation unit 71, an output unit 72, and a storage unit 73.

[0025] The three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit 51 is, for example, a non-contact three-dimensional measurement device. The three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit 51 acquires a three-dimensional image by, for example, using a laser displacement meter to project slit-shaped laser light or the like onto the lower half portion 31 and the upper half portion 32 and using a camera to measure the pattern light. Specifically, when the upper half portion 32 is detached from the lower half portion 31, the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit 51 acquires three-dimensional measurement data by three-dimensionally measuring the inner shape of the lower half portion 31 and the inner shape of the upper half portion 32. Here, the internal shape includes the mounting surfaces 41, 42 of the casing 11 (lower half portion 31, upper half portion 32), etc.

[0026] In this case, bolt holes 43 and 44 are formed in the mounting surfaces 41 and 42, and three-dimensional measurement data of the bolt holes 43 and 44 is also acquired. Furthermore, if a fastening bolt (stud bolt) remains in the lower half portion 31, three-dimensional measurement data of the bolt 36 is also acquired.

[0027] The three-dimensional measurement data acquired by the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit 51 includes three-dimensional data of the lower mounting surface 41 of the lower half 31 (hereinafter referred to as lower three-dimensional data) and three-dimensional data of the upper mounting surface 42 of the upper half 32 (hereinafter referred to as upper three-dimensional data). The three-dimensional data of the lower mounting surface 41 of the lower half 31 and the upper mounting surface 42 of the upper half 32 is, for example, three-dimensional coordinate data of the lower mounting surface 41 of the lower half 31 and the upper mounting surface 42 of the upper half 32. The three-dimensional coordinate data is data of the absolute coordinates of the upper half 32 and the lower half 31 relative to a preset origin (X0, Y0, Z0).

[0028] The three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit 51 outputs the acquired three-dimensional measurement data of the mounting surfaces 41, 42 of the lower half portion 31 and the upper half portion 32 to the three-dimensional data calculation unit 52. The three-dimensional data calculation unit 52 calculates three-dimensional data of the bolt 36 for fastening the lower half portion 31 and the upper half portion 32 together, particularly three-dimensional data of the tip portion of the bolt 36, based on the three-dimensional measurement data.

[0029] In this case, as will be described later, if the three-dimensional measurement data is of bolt hole 43 formed in mounting surface 41 of lower half 31 or bolt hole 44 formed in mounting surface 42 of upper half 32, three-dimensional data of bolt 36 is calculated based on the three-dimensional data (three-dimensional coordinate data) of bolt holes 43, 44 and the design data. Also, if the three-dimensional measurement data is of a partial shape of bolt 36, three-dimensional data of bolt 36 is calculated based on the three-dimensional data (three-dimensional coordinate data) of the partial shape of bolt 36 and the design data.

[0030] The three-dimensional data calculation unit 52 outputs the calculated three-dimensional data of the bolt 36 to the misalignment amount calculation unit 54. The misalignment amount calculation unit 54 calculates the misalignment amount of the bolt 36 or the bolt holes 43, 44 by comparing the three-dimensional data (or the three-dimensional measurement data) with design data of the lower half portion 31 and the upper half portion 32. Here, the misalignment amount is the difference between the shape data of the lower half portion 31 and the upper half portion 32 before creep deformation, i.e., the design data, and the shape data of the lower half portion 31 and the upper half portion 32 after creep deformation, i.e., after use. However, the shape data of the lower half portion 31 and the upper half portion 32 before creep deformation may be shape data of the lower half portion 31 and the upper half portion 32 measured in three dimensions before use.

[0031] Furthermore, three-dimensional data calculation unit 52 outputs the calculated amount of misalignment to interference determination unit 53. Interference determination unit 53 determines whether the amount of misalignment calculated by misalignment amount calculation unit 54 is within a predetermined range. That is, interference determination unit 53 determines whether the amount of misalignment is within the predetermined range and whether lower half portion 31 and upper half portion 32 can be properly fastened together by bolt 36. Here, the predetermined range refers to the amount of relative misalignment that allows bolt 36 to be properly inserted into bolt holes 43, 44 and allows lower half portion 31 and upper half portion 32 to be properly fastened together when assembling lower half portion 31 and upper half portion 32.

[0032] The operation unit 71 is connected to the assembly interference determination device 50. The operation unit 71 can be operated by an operator. The operation unit 712 can be operated by an operator to input various command signals to the assembly interference determination device 50. The operation unit 71 is, for example, a keyboard or a touch-type display.

[0033] The output unit 72 is connected to the assembly interference determination device 50. The output unit 72 outputs the evaluation results of the casing 11 evaluated by the assembly interference determination device 50. The output unit 72 is, for example, a monitor or a printer.

[0034] The storage unit 73 is connected to the assembly interference determination device 50. The storage unit 73 stores a program that the assembly interference determination device 50 uses to evaluate the casing 11. The storage unit 73 also stores the three-dimensional measurement data of the lower half portion 31 and the upper half portion 32 acquired by the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit 51, the three-dimensional data of the bolt 36 calculated by the three-dimensional data calculation unit 52, the amount of misalignment calculated by the misalignment amount calculation unit 54, and the like.

[0035] <Assembly interference detection method> FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the process of the casing assembly interference determination method of this embodiment.

[0036] 4 and 5, in step S11, the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit 51 acquires three-dimensional measurement data by three-dimensionally measuring the inner shape of the lower half portion 31 when the upper half portion 32 is detached from the lower half portion 31. Here, the three-dimensional measurement data is lower three-dimensional data of the lower mounting surface 41 of the lower half portion 31. The lower three-dimensional data includes three-dimensional coordinate data of the bolt holes 43 or bolts 36 in the lower mounting surface 41.

[0037] In step S12, the three-dimensional data calculation unit 52 calculates three-dimensional data of the bolt 36, particularly three-dimensional data of the tip of the bolt 36, based on the lower three-dimensional data. In step S13, the positional deviation calculation unit 54 calculates the positional deviation of the bolt 36 by comparing the three-dimensional data of the bolt 36 with the design data. Here, the cause of positional deviation of the bolt 36 may be tilt caused by the bolt 36 falling due to bending deformation of the mounting surfaces 41, 42 of the vehicle compartment, as well as changes in the distance between the bolts 36 caused by, for example, local expansion and contraction of the entire vehicle compartment.

[0038] As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, steps S21 to S23 are executed in parallel with steps S11 to S13.

[0039] In step S21, the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit 51 acquires three-dimensional measurement data by three-dimensionally measuring the inner shape of the upper half 32 when the upper half 32 is removed from the lower half 31. Here, the three-dimensional measurement data is lower three-dimensional data of the upper mounting surface 42 of the upper half 32. The upper three-dimensional data includes three-dimensional coordinate data of the bolt holes 44 in the upper mounting surface 42. In step S23, the positional deviation calculation unit 54 compares the three-dimensional data of the bolt holes 44 with the design data to calculate the positional deviation of the bolt holes 44, i.e., the inclination of the bolt holes 44, the distance between the bolts, etc.

[0040] In step S31, interference determination unit 53 determines whether the amount of misalignment of bolt 36 in lower half portion 31 and the amount of misalignment of bolt hole 44 in upper half portion 32 calculated by three-dimensional data calculation unit 52 are within a predetermined range. In other words, interference determination unit 53 determines whether the amount of misalignment is within a predetermined range and whether lower half portion 31 and upper half portion 32 can be properly fastened together by bolt 36. Specifically, interference determination unit 53 determines whether bolt 36 interferes with bolt hole 44 based on the amount of misalignment of bolt 36 in lower half portion 31 and the amount of misalignment of bolt hole 44 in upper half portion 32 calculated by three-dimensional data calculation unit 52.

[0041] In addition, if a more accurate prediction of future deformation amounts in the lower half 31 and upper half 32 is required in the casing assembly interference determination process, a model reflecting the three-dimensional measurement data may be created, and after performing creep analysis, the presence or absence of interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 44 may be determined again.

[0042] <Bolt shape estimation method> Here, a specific description will be given of the process performed by the three-dimensional data calculation unit 52 in step S12 to calculate three-dimensional data of the tip of the bolt 36. Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing the process of the bolt shape estimation method, and Fig. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the bolt tip shape estimation method.

[0043] 6 and 7, in step S41, it is determined whether or not there is a stud bolt 36 in the lower half portion 31. If it is determined that there is a stud bolt 36 in the lower half portion 31 (Yes), one of steps S42, S43, and S44 is executed. In step S42, the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit 51 acquires three-dimensional measurement data of the bolt boundary line 36a between the lower mounting surface 41 of the lower half portion 31 and the bolt 36. In step S46, the three-dimensional data calculation unit 52 calculates three-dimensional data of the tip portion (tip surface) of the bolt 36 based on the three-dimensional measurement data of the bolt boundary line 36a of the bolt 36 and the design data of the bolt 36.

[0044] In step S43, the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit 51 acquires three-dimensional measurement data of the main body of the bolt 36 in the lower half 31. The three-dimensional measurement data of the main body of the bolt 36 is three-dimensional measurement data of at least a part of the cylindrical portion of the bolt 36 from the bolt boundary line 36a to the tip. In step S46, the three-dimensional data calculation unit 52 calculates three-dimensional data of the tip (tip surface) of the bolt 36 based on the three-dimensional measurement data of the main body of the bolt 36 and the design data of the bolt 36. Here, the design data of the bolt includes the height from the flange surface to the bolt tip, the diameter of the bolt threads, etc.

[0045] In step S44, the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit 51 acquires three-dimensional measurement data of the center point 36b of the tip of the bolt 36 in the lower half 31. In step S46, the three-dimensional data calculation unit 52 calculates three-dimensional data of the tip (tip surface) of the bolt 36 based on the three-dimensional measurement data of the center point 36b of the tip of the bolt 36 and the design data of the bolt 36.

[0046] If it is determined in step S41 that there is no embedded bolt 36 in the lower half 31 (No), then in step S45 the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit 51 acquires three-dimensional measurement data of the bolt hole 43 in the lower mounting surface 41 of the lower half 31. In step S46, the three-dimensional data calculation unit 52 calculates three-dimensional data of the tip (tip surface) of the bolt 36 based on the three-dimensional measurement data of the bolt hole 43 and the design data of the bolt 36.

[0047] Because the lower mounting surface 41 of the lower half 31 is creep deformed, it is considered that the bolt 36 is tilted at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the vertical line. The three-dimensional shape of the bolt 36 to be attached to the bolt hole 43 in the lower mounting surface 41 of the lower half 31 is held in advance as design data. Therefore, by applying the three-dimensional shape data of the bolt 36 to any one of the three-dimensional measurement data of the bolt boundary line 36a, the three-dimensional measurement data of the main body of the bolt 36, the three-dimensional measurement data of the center point 36b of the tip of the bolt 36, and the three-dimensional measurement data of the bolt hole 43, it is possible to calculate three-dimensional data of the tip (tip surface) of the bolt 36.

[0048] <Method for determining interference between bolts and bolt holes> Here, a specific description will be given of the process performed by interference determination unit 53 in step S31 described above to determine whether or not there is interference between bolt 36 and bolt hole 44. Fig. 8 is a flowchart showing the process of the method for determining whether or not there is interference between a bolt and a bolt hole.

[0049] The interference determination unit 53 determines whether the amount of misalignment of the bolt 36 in the lower half 31 and the amount of misalignment of the bolt hole 44 in the upper half 32 calculated by the three-dimensional data calculation unit 52 are within a predetermined range. In step S51, the upper half 32 is positioned at an initial position relative to the lower half 31, thereby performing initial alignment of the upper mounting surface 42 including the deformed bolt hole 44 with the lower mounting surface 41 including the deformed bolt 36. The initial alignment of the upper mounting surface 42 with the lower mounting surface 41 is performed in three dimensions.

[0050] In step S52, interference between the bolt 36 in the lower half 31 and the bolt hole 44 in the upper half 32 is calculated. The method of interference calculation will be described later. In step S53, the upper half 32 is moved horizontally by a predetermined amount relative to the lower half 31. In step S54, interference between the bolt 36 in the lower half 31 and the bolt hole 44 in the upper half 32 is again calculated.

[0051] In step S55, it is determined whether or not the bolt 36 in the lower half portion 31 is in contact (interference) with the bolt hole 44 in the upper half portion 32. If it is determined here that the bolt 36 in the lower half portion 31 is not in contact (interference) with the bolt hole 44 in the upper half portion 32 (No), the determination result is output in step S56 and the process ends.

[0052] On the other hand, if it is determined that the bolt 36 in the lower half portion 31 and the bolt hole 44 in the upper half portion 32 are in contact (interference) (Yes), the determination result is output in step S57. Then, in step S58, it is determined whether or not to make an additional determination as to whether the bolt 36 in the lower half portion 31 and the bolt hole 44 in the upper half portion 32 are in contact (interference). Here, if it is determined that an additional determination is not to be made (No), the processing ends. On the other hand, if it is determined that an additional determination is to be made (Yes), in step S59, the position of the upper half portion 32 is adjusted by moving the upper half portion 32 horizontally relative to the lower half portion 31. Then, the processing returns to step S54 and continues.

[0053] <Example of interference detection between bolts and bolt holes> FIG. 9 is a plan view of a casing for explaining interference determination processing between a bolt and a bolt hole, FIG. 10 is an explanatory view for explaining a non-contact determination result between the bolt and the bolt hole, and FIG. 11 is an explanatory view for explaining a contact determination result between the bolt and the bolt hole.

[0054] FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the approximate circle of the tip of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of bolt hole 44 at the tip of bolt 36 in a state where upper mounting surface 42 of upper half 32 is in close contact with lower mounting surface 41 of lower half 31. As shown in FIG. 9, let the center O1 of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the center O2 of bolt hole 44 be set. Here, since bolt 36 is inclined with respect to bolt hole 44, center O1 of the tip surface of bolt 36 and center O2 of bolt hole 44 are displaced. The displacement direction between bolt 36 and bolt hole 44 is displayed as a vector represented by an arrow, and the center-to-center distance between center O1 and center O2 is the amount of displacement, which is displayed as the length of the vector. FIG. 9 is displayed on output unit 72.

[0055] FIG. 10 is an example of display when the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of bolt hole 44 are in a non-contact state. As shown in FIG. 10, let the radius r1 of the approximate circle of bolt 36 and the radius r2 of the approximate circle of bolt hole 44 be set. In this case, since bolt 36 passes through bolt hole 44 and a nut (not shown) is screwed onto the tip, the relationship is r1 < r2. Also, let the difference Rdiff (r2 - r1) between radius r1 and radius r2, and the center-to-center distance (amount of eccentricity) Cdiff between center O1 and center O2 be set.

[0056] Therefore, the minimum gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of bolt hole 44 is Rdiff-Cdiff, and the maximum gap is Rdiff+Cdiff. The overlap amount is the length of overlap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of bolt hole 44 on a line passing through the center O1 of the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the center O2 of the approximate circle of bolt hole 44, and is expressed as r1+r2-Cfiff. Here, because Rdiff>Cdiff, a gap amount (minimum gap Rdiff-Cdiff) is ensured between the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of bolt hole 44, and it is determined that the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of bolt hole 44 are not in contact.

[0057] Figure 11 is a display example when the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of bolt hole 44 are in contact. As shown in Figure 11, there is no minimum gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of bolt hole 44, the amount of interference is Rdiff - Cdiff, and the maximum gap is Rdiff + Cdiff. Here, because Rdiff ≦ Cdiff, there is no gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of bolt hole 44, and an interference amount (Rdiff - Cdiff) occurs, so it is determined that the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of bolt hole 44 are in contact.

[0058] 11 shows an example in which the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of bolt hole 44 are in contact so as to intersect at two points, and this is determined to be a contact state. Note that a contact state is also determined when the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of bolt hole 44 are in contact at one point.

[0059] <Example of optimization process after detecting interference between bolts and bolt holes> FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the optimization process when the bolt and the bolt hole are not in contact with each other, and FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the optimization process when the bolt and the bolt hole are in contact with each other.

[0060] Fig. 12 is a display example of the optimization process when the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 44 are in a non-contact state. As shown in Fig. 12, at the time of initial determination, for example, the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 are in a non-contact state at four positions. At this time, the direction of deviation between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 is represented by vectors V1, V2, V3, and V4, and the amount of deviation is represented by the length of vectors V1, V2, V3, and V4. In addition, the point where the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 are closest to each other is displayed with a hollow arrow.

[0061] When the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 44 are in this non-contact state, there is a large gap on the opposite side of the closest portion between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44. Therefore, the gap amount is optimized by weighting and correcting the vectors V1, V2, V3, and V4 according to the gap amount between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44. In other words, the gap amount at the closest portion is increased by moving the upper half 32 having the bolt hole 44 by a predetermined amount in the direction of arrow F.

[0062] 13 is a display example of the optimization process when the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 44 are in contact with each other. As shown in FIG. 13, at the time of initial determination, for example, the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 are in contact with each other at three positions. At this time, the direction of deviation between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 is represented by vectors V1, V2, V3, and V4, and the amount of deviation is represented by the length of the vectors V1, V2, V3, and V4. Furthermore, the closest point between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 is displayed with an outline arrow, and the contact point between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 is displayed with a filled-in arrow.

[0063] When the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 44 are in contact with each other in this manner, there is a large gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 (vectors V1, V2, and V4) on the opposite side of the contact area. Therefore, the amount of gap is optimized by weighting and correcting the vectors V1, V2, V3, and V4 according to the amount of gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44. In other words, the number of contact areas is reduced by moving the upper half 32 having the bolt hole 44 a predetermined amount in the direction of arrow F. In optimization 1, the number of contact areas between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 was reduced from three (vectors V1, V2, and V4) to two (vectors V2 and V3).

[0064] In optimization 1, there is a large gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 (vector V2) on the opposite side of the contact area. Therefore, vectors V1, V2, V3, and V4 are weighted and corrected according to the gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44, thereby optimizing the gap amount. That is, the upper half 32 having the bolt hole 44 is moved a predetermined amount in the direction of arrow F to reduce the number of contact areas. On the other hand, in optimization 2, the number of contact areas between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 is further reduced from two (vectors V2 and V3) to one (vector V3), but the amount of penetration of the contact area by vector V3 is larger than in optimization 1. That is, optimization 1 prioritizes minimizing the average penetration amount for all bolts 36, while optimization 2 prioritizes minimizing the number of contact areas.

[0065] As shown in FIG. 4, the output unit 72 is connected to the assembly interference determination device 50. The output unit 72 displays the determination results of the interference determination unit 53 of the assembly interference determination device 50, for example, on a monitor. The display contents are those shown in FIGS. 9 to 13 described above. Specifically, the display is a plan view of the state in which the upper half section 32 is assembled to the lower half section 31, and displays the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36, the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44, the centers O1 and O2 of the approximate circles, and the vector V. Also displayed during processing are the difference Rdiff between the radius r1 and the radius r2, the center-to-center distance (eccentricity amount) Cdiff between the centers O1 and O2, the amount of gap or interference (Rdiff - Cdiff), the closest part (arrow), the contact part (arrow), etc.

[0066] In the above-described embodiment, the shape of the bolt 36 provided in the lower half portion 31 and the shape of the bolt hole 44 provided in the upper half portion 32 are measured in three dimensions to estimate whether or not there is interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 44, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, the shape of the bolt 36 provided in the upper half portion 32 and the shape of the bolt hole 43 provided in the lower half portion 31 may be measured in three dimensions to estimate whether or not there is interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 43.

[0067] [Effects of this embodiment] The casing assembly interference determination device of the first embodiment includes a three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit 51 that performs three-dimensional measurement of the shape of a bolt 36 provided in either the lower half 31 or the upper half 32 and the shape of a bolt hole 43, 44 provided in the other of the lower half 31 or the upper half 32 to obtain three-dimensional measurement data, and an interference determination unit 53 that determines whether or not there is interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt holes 43, 44 based on the three-dimensional measurement data obtained by the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit 61.

[0068] The casing assembly interference determination device according to the first aspect determines whether or not there is interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt holes 43, 44 based on three-dimensional measurement data of the deformed lower half 31 and upper half 32, and therefore can determine whether or not the lower half 31 and upper half 32 can be properly fastened together by the bolt 36. As a result, interference during casing assembly can be estimated with high accuracy.

[0069] The casing assembly interference determination device according to the second aspect is the casing assembly interference determination device according to the first aspect, further comprising: a 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 that acquires 3D measurement data of a bolt boundary line between the mounting surface 41 in the lower half 31 and the bolt 36; a 3D data calculation unit 52 that calculates 3D data of the shape of the tip of the bolt 36 based on the 3D measurement data of the bolt boundary line acquired by the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51; and an interference presence / absence determination unit 53 that uses the 3D data of the shape of the tip of the bolt 36 calculated by the 3D data calculation unit 52 to determine the presence or absence of interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt holes 43, 44. As a result, because the 3D measurement data of the bolt boundary line is used, it is only necessary to acquire 3D measurement data of the mounting surfaces 41, 42, simplifying the interference determination process.

[0070] The casing assembly interference determination device according to the third aspect is the casing assembly interference determination device according to the first aspect, further comprising: a three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit 51 that acquires three-dimensional measurement data of the shapes of bolts 36 in lower half 31; a three-dimensional data calculation unit 52 that calculates three-dimensional data of the shapes of the tip ends of bolts 36 based on the three-dimensional measurement data of bolts 36 acquired by the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit 51; and an interference presence / absence determination unit 53 that determines the presence or absence of interference between bolts 36 and bolt holes 43, 44 using the three-dimensional data of the shapes of the tip ends of bolts 36 calculated by the three-dimensional data calculation unit 52. As a result, the use of the three-dimensional measurement data of bolts 36 enables the interference determination process to be performed with high accuracy.

[0071] The casing assembly interference determination device according to the fourth aspect is the casing assembly interference determination device according to the first aspect, further comprising: a 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 that acquires 3D measurement data of the center points of the tip portions of the bolts 36 in the lower half 31; a 3D data calculation unit 52 that calculates 3D data of the shape of the tip portions of the bolts 36 based on the 3D measurement data of the center points of the tip portions of the bolts 36 acquired by the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51; and an interference presence / absence determination unit 53 that uses the 3D data of the shape of the tip portions of the bolts 36 calculated by the 3D data calculation unit 52 to determine whether or not there is interference between the bolts 36 and the bolt holes 43, 44. As a result, the use of the 3D measurement data of the center points of the tip portions of the bolts 36 enables the interference determination process to be performed with high accuracy.

[0072] A casing assembly interference determination device according to a fifth aspect is the casing assembly interference determination device according to the first aspect, further comprising: a three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit (51) that acquires three-dimensional measurement data of the shapes of bolt holes (43, 44) in mounting surfaces (41, 42) of lower half (31) or upper half (32); a three-dimensional data calculation unit (52) that calculates three-dimensional data of the shapes of tip portions of bolts (36) to be inserted into bolt holes (43, 44) based on the three-dimensional measurement data of the shapes of bolt holes (43, 44) acquired by three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit (51); and an interference presence / absence determination unit (53) that determines the presence or absence of interference between bolts (36) and bolt holes (43, 44) using the three-dimensional data of the shapes of the tip portions of bolts (36) calculated by three-dimensional data calculation unit (52). As a result, because the three-dimensional measurement data of bolt holes (43, 44) in mounting surfaces (41, 42) is used, it is only necessary to acquire three-dimensional measurement data of mounting surfaces (41, 42), thereby simplifying the interference determination process.

[0073] A casing assembly interference determination device according to a sixth aspect is the casing assembly interference determination device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, and further includes a positional deviation amount calculation unit 54 that calculates the amount of positional deviation of the bolt 36 or the bolt holes 43, 44 by comparing the 3D measurement data acquired by the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 with design data for the lower half portion 31 and the upper half portion 32. This allows the amount of positional deviation of the bolt 36 or the bolt holes 43, 44 to be calculated by comparing the 3D measurement data of the deformed shapes of the lower half portion 31 and the upper half portion 32 with the design data, thereby making it possible to estimate the amount of deformation of the casing 11 with high precision. Furthermore, it becomes possible to determine whether the bolt holes 43, 44 need to be corrected and to estimate the optimal amount of correction.

[0074] The casing assembly interference determination method according to the seventh aspect includes the steps of: obtaining three-dimensional measurement data by three-dimensionally measuring the shape of the bolt 36 provided in one of the lower half 31 and the upper half 32 and the shape of the bolt holes 43, 44 provided in the other of the lower half 31 and the upper half 32; and determining whether or not there is interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt holes 43, 44 based on the obtained three-dimensional measurement data. It is possible to determine whether the lower half 31 and the upper half 32 can be properly fastened together by the bolts 36, and it is possible to estimate with high accuracy the interference that will occur when the casing is assembled. [Explanation of symbols]

[0075] 10 Steam turbine (rotary machinery) 11 Casing 12 rotors 13 Stator blade 14 Moving blade 31 Lower half 32 Upper half 33 Turbine 34,35 Bearings 36 volts 41 Lower mounting surface 42 Upper mounting surface 43,44 Bolt holes 50 Casing assembly interference detection device 51 3D measurement data acquisition unit 52 3D data calculation section 53 Interference determination unit 54 Position deviation calculation unit 71 Operation section 72 Output section 73 Memory section

Claims

1. In the assembly interference determination device for a casing having a lower half and an upper half connected to each other, a three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit that acquires three-dimensional measurement data by three-dimensionally measuring the shape of a portion of a bolt provided in one of the lower half and the upper half and the shape of a bolt hole provided in the other of the lower half and the upper half; a three-dimensional data calculation unit that calculates three-dimensional data of the shape of the tip surface of the bolt based on the three-dimensional measurement data acquired by the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit; an interference determination unit that determines whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole from the size of a gap between an approximate circle of the bolt tip surface and an approximate circle of the bolt hole, based on the three-dimensional measurement data of the shape of the bolt tip surface calculated by the three-dimensional data calculation unit and the three-dimensional measurement data of the shape of the bolt hole acquired by the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit; A casing assembly interference determination device comprising:

2. the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit acquires three-dimensional measurement data of a bolt boundary line between the mounting surface and the bolt in the lower half portion, a three-dimensional data calculation unit that calculates three-dimensional data of the shape of the tip of the bolt based on the three-dimensional measurement data of the bolt boundary line acquired by the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit; the interference determination unit determines whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole using the three-dimensional data of the shape of the tip end of the bolt calculated by the three-dimensional data calculation unit. The casing assembly interference determination device according to claim 1.

3. the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit acquires three-dimensional measurement data of the shape of the bolt in the lower half portion, a three-dimensional data calculation unit that calculates three-dimensional data of the shape of the tip end of the bolt based on the three-dimensional measurement data of the bolt acquired by the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit, the interference determination unit determines whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole using the three-dimensional data of the shape of the tip end of the bolt calculated by the three-dimensional data calculation unit. The casing assembly interference determination device according to claim 1.

4. the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit acquires three-dimensional measurement data of a center point of a tip end of the bolt in the lower half portion, a three-dimensional data calculation unit that calculates three-dimensional data of the shape of the tip portion of the bolt based on the three-dimensional measurement data of the position of the center point of the tip portion of the bolt acquired by the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit, the interference determination unit determines whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole using the three-dimensional data of the shape of the tip end of the bolt calculated by the three-dimensional data calculation unit. The casing assembly interference determination device according to claim 1.

5. the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit acquires three-dimensional measurement data of the shape of a bolt hole in the mounting surface of the lower half portion or the upper half portion, a three-dimensional data calculation unit that calculates three-dimensional data of the shape of a tip end of a bolt to be inserted into the bolt hole based on the three-dimensional measurement data of the shape of the bolt hole acquired by the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit, the interference determination unit determines whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole using the three-dimensional data of the shape of the tip end of the bolt calculated by the three-dimensional data calculation unit. The casing assembly interference determination device according to claim 1.

6. a positional deviation amount calculation unit that calculates a positional deviation amount of the bolt or the bolt hole by comparing the three-dimensional measurement data acquired by the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit with design data of the lower half and the upper half, The casing assembly interference determination device according to claim 1.

7. When the difference between the radius of the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt and the radius of the approximate circle of the bolt hole is Rdiff, and the center-to-center distance between the center of the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt and the center of the approximate circle of the bolt hole is Cdiff, the minimum gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt and the approximate circle of the bolt hole is Rdiff-Cdiff, and the maximum gap is Rdiff+Cdiff, the interference determination unit determines that the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt and the approximate circle of the bolt hole are in a non-contact state because the minimum gap Rdiff-Cdiff is ensured when Rdiff>Cdiff; When Rdiff≦Cdiff, there is no gap between the approximate circle of the bolt tip surface and the approximate circle of the bolt hole, and an interference amount Rdiff−Cdiff occurs, so it is determined that the approximate circle of the bolt tip surface and the approximate circle of the bolt hole are in contact. The casing assembly interference determination device according to claim 1.

8. 1. A method for determining assembly interference of a casing having a lower half and an upper half connected together, a step of three-dimensionally measuring the shape of a part of a bolt provided in one of the lower half and the upper half and the shape of a bolt hole provided in the other of the lower half and the upper half to obtain three-dimensional measurement data; calculating three-dimensional data of the shape of the tip surface of the bolt based on the acquired three-dimensional measurement data; a step of determining whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole from the size of a gap between an approximate circle of the bolt tip surface and an approximate circle of the bolt hole based on the calculated three-dimensional measurement data of the shape of the tip surface of the bolt and the acquired three-dimensional measurement data of the shape of the bolt hole; A method for determining assembly interference of a casing having the above structure.

9. When the difference between the radius of the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt and the radius of the approximate circle of the bolt hole is Rdiff, and the center-to-center distance between the center of the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt and the center of the approximate circle of the bolt hole is Cdiff, the minimum gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt and the approximate circle of the bolt hole is Rdiff-Cdiff, and the maximum gap is Rdiff+Cdiff, When Rdiff>Cdiff, the minimum gap Rdiff-Cdiff is ensured, and therefore it is determined that the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt and the approximate circle of the bolt hole are in a non-contact state; When Rdiff≦Cdiff, there is no gap between the approximate circle of the bolt tip surface and the approximate circle of the bolt hole, and an interference amount Rdiff−Cdiff occurs, so it is determined that the approximate circle of the bolt tip surface and the approximate circle of the bolt hole are in contact. The method for determining assembly interference of a casing according to claim 8.

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