Construction material and method for manufacturing the construction material

Abstract

To provide an architectural component having a structure capable of preventing heat from propagating to steel materials, and a production method of the architectural component.SOLUTION: The architectural component includes: two timbers 20 each formed with a through hole 20h; a steel plate member 10 sandwiched by two timbers 20; multiple hollow connectors 30 with an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 20h, which is press-fitted inside the through hole 20h with one end in contact with the steel member 10; a holding plate 50 that is placed at the other end of the connector 30; and a high-strength bolt that penetrates the holding plate 50, the connector 30 and the steel member 10 and fixes the timber 20 to the steel member 10 via the connector 30. In an area between the two timbers 20 where the steel member 10 is not placed, a joint material 60 is provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a building element and a method for manufacturing a building element. [Background technology]

[0002] In a composite member made of a wooden member and a steel member, a shear member (connector) with an outer shape slightly larger than the through hole of the wooden member (wood) is placed against the steel member (steel material), and then tightened with bolts to form a frictional joint with the steel member (for example, Patent Document 1) has been disclosed. Furthermore, in a composite member using laminated wood consisting of a steel core and lamina stacked parallel to the core, a structure has been disclosed in which the outermost lamina of the core is made of wood that is stronger than the lamina of the other layers (for example, Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 4252029 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-174932 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In a composite member made of wooden members and steel members, it is preferable to prevent the steel members from being heated in the event of a fire in order to improve fire resistance. However, in the conventional composite members, hot air enters the gap between the wooden member and the steel member, causing the steel member to heat up quickly, posing a problem in improving fire resistance.

[0005] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and aims to provide a building component having a structure that makes it difficult for heat to propagate through steel material, and a method for manufacturing a building component. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the following means. The building component of the present invention comprises two pieces of wood, each having a through hole formed therein, a plate-shaped steel material sandwiched between the two pieces of wood, a plurality of hollow connectors each having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the through hole, the hollow connectors being pressed into the through hole and having one end in contact with the steel material, a pressure plate placed at the other end of the connector, and a high-strength bolt that passes through the pressure plate, the connectors, and the steel material and fixes the wood to the steel material via the connector, and is characterized in that a joint material is provided in the part between the two pieces of wood where no steel material is placed.

[0007] According to this invention, a joint is provided in the area between two pieces of wood where no steel is placed. This prevents the steel from being exposed on the outer periphery of the building component. Furthermore, by eliminating the gap between the wood and the steel, it is possible to prevent hot air from entering through the gap, resulting in a structure that makes it difficult for heat to propagate to the steel. This contributes to improving fire resistance.

[0008] The thickness of the joining material may be equal to or greater than the thickness of the steel material.

[0009] According to this invention, the thickness of the splice is equal to or greater than the thickness of the steel material. As a result, when joining the wood and the steel material, the wood compresses the splice from both sides in the thickness direction. This makes it possible to more reliably prevent gaps from forming between the wood and the steel material due to the reaction force generated in the splice.

[0010] The joint member may be in contact with the steel material.

[0011] According to this invention, the joint material is in contact with the steel material. Here, the wood is placed on both sides of the steel material in the thickness direction. Therefore, the joint material is in contact with the sides of the steel material in the width direction, so that the periphery of the steel material can be comprehensively covered. This makes it possible to create a structure in which heat is less likely to be transmitted to the steel material.

[0012] The joint may be a part of the wood.

[0013] According to this invention, the joint is a part of the wood. In other words, the joint and the wood are integrally molded into the same member. This reduces the number of components, thereby improving material yield and facilitating the assembly of building components.

[0014] The joining piece may be attached to the wood by an attachment member, and at least a portion of the attachment member may be positioned closer to the steel material than the carbonized area of ​​the wood.

[0015] According to this invention, the splice is attached to the wood by a mounting member. In other words, the splice is a separate member from the wood. This allows for efficient dimensional control of the splice and efficient positioning of the wood and the splice. Furthermore, a portion of the mounting member is positioned closer to the steel than the charring range of the wood. Here, the charring range refers to the area where charring is expected to occur on the outer surface of the wood in the event of a fire. By attaching a portion of the mounting member closer to the steel than the charring range of the wood, it is possible to prevent the mounting member from falling off the building component even if the wood is charred. This can contribute to improved fire resistance.

[0016] The mounting member may be a screw member that is screwed into the wood.

[0017] According to this invention, the mounting member is a screw member that is screwed into the wood. That is, the mounting member is located inside the fixed wood and joint member. This prevents gaps from occurring between the wood and the steel material due to the mounting member.

[0018] The mounting member may be a non-fireproof adhesive.

[0019] According to this invention, the attachment member is a non-fireproof adhesive. Here, as described above, at least a portion of the attachment member is positioned on the steel side of the carbonization area. Therefore, the splice can be fixed to the wood without using a fireproof adhesive. Therefore, costs can be reduced compared to when a fireproof adhesive is used.

[0020] The connector, the pressure plate, and the high-strength bolt may be hidden by a wooden plug.

[0021] According to this invention, the connector, pressure plate, and high-strength bolts are hidden by wooden plugs, which prevents them from being exposed on the outer surface of the building component, further reducing the possibility of heat being transmitted to the steel material.

[0022] The wooden plug may be partly disposed on the steel side of the carbonized area of ​​the wood.

[0023] According to this invention, a portion of the wooden plug is positioned closer to the steel material than the carbonization area of ​​the wood. This ensures that at least a portion of the wooden plug remains uncarbonized even after the carbonization area has been carbonized. This prevents the joining means from being exposed on the outer surface of the building component even after the wood has been carbonized. This contributes to further improving fire resistance.

[0024] In addition, the manufacturing method of a building component according to the present invention is characterized by comprising a determination process for determining the attachment location of the joint member based on the posture of the wood, an attachment process for attaching the joint member to the wood, and a joining process for joining the wood and the steel material.

[0025] According to this invention, the method includes a determination step of determining the attachment location of the splice based on the posture of the wooden piece, an attachment step of attaching the splice to the wooden piece, and a joining step of joining the wooden piece and the steel material. The determination step reliably prevents incorrect assembly of the splice. The attachment step and the joining step are separate steps. In other words, the joining step is performed with the splice placed on the wooden piece in advance. Therefore, by joining the wooden piece and the steel material with the positions of the splice and the steel material reliably aligned, it is possible to more reliably prevent gaps from occurring between the wooden piece, the splice, and the steel material.

[0026] The attaching step may be characterized by arranging the attachment member inside the carbonized area.

[0027] According to this invention, the attachment step positions the attachment member inside the carbonization area, which allows the attachment member to maintain its functionality even after the wood is carbonized, thereby more reliably preventing heat from being transmitted to the steel material. [Effects of the Invention]

[0028] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a construction component having a structure that makes it difficult for heat to propagate through steel material, and a method for manufacturing a construction component. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0029] [Figure 1] 1 is an overall view of a building component according to the present invention; [Figure 2] 2 is a cross-sectional view of a first example of a building component according to the present invention taken along the line AA in FIG. 1. FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of part III shown in FIG. [Figure 4] This is a first embodiment of the configuration of the building member shown in FIG. [Figure 5] 3 is a second embodiment of the configuration of the building member shown in FIG. 2. [Figure 6] 2 is a cross-sectional view of a second example of a building component according to the present invention taken along the line AA in FIG. 1. FIG. [Figure 7]2 is a cross-sectional view of a third example of a building component according to the present invention taken along the line AA in FIG. 1. FIG. [Figure 8] This is an example of inserting a connector into wood. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A construction member according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. The construction member according to the present invention is used as a roof truss in buildings such as gymnasiums and warehouses. In this embodiment, a description will be given of a first building component 100, a second building component 200, and a third building component 300. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between these, they will be referred to as building components.

[0031] (Regarding the first building component 100) First, we will explain the first building component 100. As shown in Figure 1, the first building component 100 includes a steel material 10, a piece of wood 20, a connector 30, a joining means 40, a pressing plate 50, a joining member 60, and a wooden plug 70. The steel material 10 is a plate-like member made of steel. Hereinafter, in describing each configuration of the building component, directions may be referred to as a thickness direction D1, a width direction D2, and a longitudinal direction D3, with the steel material 10 as the reference. In particular, with regard to the thickness direction D1 and the width direction D2, the side facing the steel material 10 will be referred to as the inside, and the side facing away from the steel material 10 will be referred to as the outside.

[0032] The steel material 10 forms the main structure of the building member and ensures its strength. The steel material 10 is formed, for example, from a strip-shaped steel plate. The steel material 10 preferably has a dimension (plate thickness) in the thickness direction D1 of 6 mm to 28 mm, a dimension in the width direction D2 of 130 mm to 575 mm, and a dimension in the longitudinal direction D3 of 1500 mm to 7500 mm. Dimensions other than those listed above may also be determined as needed. In addition, a bolt hole 11 is provided in the thickness direction D1 of the steel material 10, through which the connecting means 40 passes. The size of the bolt hole 11 may be the minimum size necessary for the connecting means 40 to pass through, provided that a friction surface is secured for contact with the connector 30 provided on the wood 20, or it may be set larger to accommodate variations.

[0033] Two pieces of wood 20 are provided for the steel material 10. Specifically, a pair of pieces of wood 20 are provided on both sides of the steel material 10 in the thickness direction D1. In other words, the steel material 10 is sandwiched between the two pieces of wood 20. As a result, the wood 20 increases the rigidity of the steel material 10 in the out-of-plane direction (weak axis direction). In addition, the wood 20 prevents the steel material 10 from being exposed to the outside. This prevents the steel material 10 from being directly heated in the event of a fire. Furthermore, in the event of a fire, the wood 20 carbonizes (burns) first, delaying the heat input to the steel material 10. This delays the decrease in the buckling stress of the steel material 10. For example, laminated wood is preferably used for the wood 20. For example, larch and Douglas fir are preferably used for laminated wood. Alternatively, without being limited to these, wood with a density of 0.4 g / cm 3 The above materials are preferably used. The wooden piece 20 may be impregnated with a fire retardant liquid.

[0034] Hereinafter, as shown in Figure 2, the area of ​​the wooden piece 20 that will carbonize when the building component is left under the required fire resistance conditions will be referred to as the carbonization area CA. The carbonization area CA is located from the outer periphery of the wooden piece 20 toward the inside. The carbonization area CA shown in Figure 2 particularly indicates the boundary between the carbonization area CA and the area that is not the carbonization area CA. Furthermore, the wood 20 also contributes to improving the design of the appearance of the building member.

[0035] Through holes 20h and countersunk holes 20H that penetrate in the thickness direction D1 are formed in the wooden piece 20. As shown in Fig. 2, the through holes 20h and countersunk holes 20H are provided from the surface of the wooden piece 20 that contacts the steel material 10 toward the outside in the thickness direction D1. The connector 30 is placed in the through hole 20h. The through hole 20h has an inner diameter slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the connector 30. The size of the inner diameter of the through hole 20h is set to a size that allows the connector 30 to be press-fitted. One end of the through hole 20h is located on the surface of the wooden piece 20 that contacts the steel material 10. The other end of the through hole 20h is connected to one end of the countersunk hole 20H.

[0036] One end of the countersunk hole 20H is connected to the other end of the through hole 20h, and the other end is located on the outer surface of the wooden piece 20 in the thickness direction D1. A pressure plate 50 is placed in the countersunk hole 20H. The inner diameter of the countersunk hole 20H is larger than the outer diameter of the pressure plate 50.

[0037] The connector 30 is a hollow member. More specifically, the connector 30 is a cylindrical member. A plurality of connectors 30 are arranged inside the through hole 20h. The connectors 30 may be provided around the end of the wooden piece 20 in the longitudinal direction D3, or may be provided at intervals. The same applies to the through hole 20h of the wooden piece 20 and the bolt hole 11 of the steel material 10. For example, a connector 30 having a height of 30 mm to 50 mm, an outer diameter of 50 mm, and an inner diameter of 22 mm is preferably used. In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the connector 30 is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 20h. The height of the connector 30 is the dimension in the thickness direction D1. The height of the connector 30 is determined appropriately according to the axial dimension of the through hole 20h of the wooden piece 20. The cylindrical side surface of the connector 30 contacts the wooden piece 20, one end face contacts the steel material 10, and the other end face contacts the pressing plate 50. When placing the connector 30 inside the through-hole 20h of the wooden piece 20, press-fitting is preferably used. This reliably prevents rattle from occurring between the wooden piece 20 and the connector 30. In this embodiment, the connector 30 is cylindrical. The joining means 40 is placed inside the cylinder. As long as an area for placing the joining means 40 can be secured, the connector 30 does not have to be cylindrical, and may be a polygonal tube. SS400 is preferably used for the connector 30.

[0038] When the connector 30 is placed inside the through-hole 20h of the wooden piece 20, one end of the connector 30 contacts the steel material 10, and the other end protrudes from the through-hole 20h. In addition, one end of the connector 30 is placed so as to be flush with the wooden piece 20. As a result, when the wooden piece 20 is placed on a side surface in the thickness direction D1, one end of the cylindrical connector 30 contacts the steel material 10. The side surface where the connector 30 and the steel material 10 contact is referred to as the friction surface 12. The slip coefficient of the friction surface 12 is set to be 0.4 or more.

[0039] The end of the connector 30 on the side of the pressure plate 50 is chamfered. Hereinafter, this portion will be referred to as the chamfered portion 31. If the connector 30 does not have the chamfered portion 31, the contact area with the pressure plate 50 can be secured, but when inserting the connector 30 into the wooden piece 20, the edge of the connector 30 may interfere with the inside of the through hole 20h in the wooden piece 20, damaging the inner surface of the through hole 20h. Providing the chamfered portion 31 avoids this problem.

[0040] As shown in Fig. 3, at least a portion of the chamfered portion 31 is located inside the through hole 20h. In other words, the other portion protrudes from the through hole 20h of the wooden piece 20. As a result, as shown in Fig. 3, a gap is formed between a first surface B1, which is the surface of the pressing plate 50 that contacts the connector 30, and a second surface B2, which is the end face of the through hole 20h (the surface of the wooden piece 20). Hereinafter, the gap is referred to as a non-transmission region B.

[0041] As shown in FIG. 3 , the non-transmission area B is provided across the entire area between the second surface B2, which is the surface of the wooden piece 20, and the first surface B1, which is the surface of the pressure plate 50 that contacts the connector 30. In this embodiment, the non-transmission area B is formed by the end of the connector 30 protruding from the through hole 20h of the wooden piece 20 and contacting the end with the pressure plate 50, as described above. This prevents the wooden piece 20 from interfering with the pressure plate 50 and damaging the wooden piece 20. In the non-transmission area B, the dimension between the first surface B1 and the second surface B2 is 0.5 mm or more and 3 mm or less in the thickness direction D1. To more reliably prevent damage to the wooden piece 20, a cushioning material C, such as an elastic material such as rubber or sponge, may be disposed in the non-transmission area B. The cushioning material C may be disposed in the entire non-transmission area B. Alternatively, the cushioning material C may be disposed in only a portion of the non-transmission area B.

[0042] The joining means 40 penetrates the steel material 10 and the connector 30 in the thickness direction D1, and sandwiches the steel material 10 and the connector 30 in the thickness direction D1 to fix the wood 20 and the steel material 10 together. The joining means 40 includes a high-strength bolt 41 and a nut 42. The high-strength bolts 41 are arranged to pass through the presser plate 50, the cylindrical interior of the connector 30, and the bolt holes 11 in the steel material 10. The high-strength bolts 41 secure the wooden piece 20 to the steel material 10 via the connector 30. The nuts 42 tighten the high-strength bolts 41, thereby securing and integrating the wooden piece 20 and the steel material 10. At this time, it is preferable to manage the torque used to fasten the high-strength bolts 41 and the nuts 42. As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of joining means 40 are provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction D3.

[0043] The pressure plate 50 is disposed at the other end of the connector 30. Specifically, the pressure plate 50 is disposed between the other end of the connector 30 and the joining means 40 in the thickness direction D1. The pressure plate 50 contacts the end face of the connector 30 so that the axial force of the joining means 40 can be received by the entire end face of the connector 30. The outer diameter of the pressure plate 50 is set to be at least larger than the outer diameter of the end face of the connector 30 and smaller than the inner diameter of the countersunk hole 20H. A pressure plate 50 with a thickness of 4.5 mm is preferably used.

[0044] The splice 60 is placed in a portion between the pair of wooden pieces 20 where the steel material 10 is not located. In the first building component 100, the portion where the steel material 10 is not located refers to the gap that occurs between the wooden pieces 20 on both sides of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2. By providing the splice 60 in this portion, the steel material 10 is prevented from being exposed on the outer peripheral surface of the first building component 100.

[0045] The dimension (plate thickness) of the joint member 60 in the thickness direction D1 is equal to or greater than the dimension (plate thickness) of the steel material 10 in the thickness direction D1. By setting such dimensions, when the wooden material 20 and the steel material 10 are fastened together by the joining means 40, the wooden material 20 compresses the joint member 60 from both sides in the thickness direction D1. This prevents a gap from being generated between the wooden material 20 and the steel material 10 due to the reaction force generated in the joint member 60.

[0046] As shown in Figure 2, the joint material 60 is in contact with the steel material 10. Specifically, the joint material 60 is attached so that it is in close contact with the side surface of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2. By attaching it in this manner, the wooden piece 20 and the joint material 60 comprehensively cover the periphery of the steel material 10. This eliminates the gap between the wooden piece 20 and the steel material 10, preventing hot air from entering the gap and creating a structure in which heat is less likely to propagate to the steel material 10.

[0047] When the splice 60 is attached to the steel material 10 as described above, the following method may be used to smooth the boundary between the wooden piece 20 and the splice 60 on the side surface of the wooden piece 20 in the width direction D2. That is, first, the splice 60 is shaped so that the outer end of the splice 60 in the width direction D2 protrudes from the surface of the wooden piece 20 when attached to the wooden piece 20. After attaching the splice 60 with such a shape to the wooden piece 20, the splice 60 may be ground down so that it is flush with the surface of the wooden piece 20.

[0048] The joint 60 is attached to the wooden piece 20 by an attachment member 61. As shown in Fig. 2, the attachment member 61 is, for example, a screw or other threaded member. That is, the attachment member 61 is attached so as to be screwed into the wooden piece 20. Alternatively, the attachment member 61 may be an adhesive. That is, the attachment may be performed by applying an adhesive between the joint member 60 and the wooden material 20 and then pressing them together. The pressing may be performed before joining the wooden material 20 and the steel material 10, or may be performed simultaneously when the wooden material 20 and the steel material 10 are fastened together by the joining means 40.

[0049] As described above, the connecting piece 60 is attached to the wooden piece 20 by the mounting member 61. That is, in the first building member 100, the wooden piece 20 and the connecting piece 60 are separate members. At this time, at least a portion of the mounting member 61 is positioned closer to the steel material 10 than the carbonization range CA of the wooden piece 20. Specifically, this is as follows.

[0050] That is, when the mounting members 61 are screw-fit members, as shown in FIG. 2, at least some of the multiple mounting members 61 are disposed closer to the steel material 10 than the carbonized range CA. When the mounting member 61 is an adhesive, the mounting member 61 is applied at least to the side of the steel material 10 from the carbonized range CA.

[0051] By using this attachment method, the attachment member 61 does not lose its functionality even after the carbonization area CA of the wooden piece 20 is carbonized due to a fire or the like. Furthermore, even if the attachment member 61 does not have special fire resistance, the function of attaching the joining material 60 to the wooden piece 20 can be ensured. For this reason, if the attachment member 61 is an adhesive, a non-fire-resistant adhesive is preferably used from the viewpoint of cost, etc. For example, Bond (registered trademark) for woodworking manufactured by Konishi Co., Ltd. is preferably used. However, to more reliably ensure fire resistance, a fire-resistant adhesive may also be used. For example, Trabond (registered trademark) manufactured by Yoshino Gypsum Co., Ltd. is preferably used as a fire-resistant adhesive.

[0052] When attaching the splices 60 to the wooden pieces 20, for example, as shown in Figure 4, the splices 60 are attached to both sides of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2 of one piece of wooden piece 20. This type of attachment is suitable when manufacturing the first building component 100 and working with the side surface in the thickness direction D1 facing upward.

[0053] 5, the connecting member 60 on one side in the width direction D2 of the steel material 10 may be attached to one piece of wood 20, and the connecting member 60 on the other side may be attached to the other piece of wood 20. This type of attachment is suitable when working with the side surface in the width direction D2 facing upward, because the connecting member 60 can be hooked onto the side surface of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2 to temporarily position the wood 20 relative to the steel material 10 when manufacturing the first building component 100.

[0054] The wooden plug 70 is used to hide the joining means 40. The wooden plug 70 is placed in a countersunk hole 20H formed in the wooden piece 20. The wooden plug 70 may be press-fitted into the countersunk hole 20H or may be fixed with an adhesive. This prevents the joining means 40 from being exposed on the outer periphery of the building component. This further reduces the possibility of heat being transmitted to the steel material 10. A portion of the wooden plug 70 is equal to or larger than the dimension in the thickness direction D1 of the carbonization range of the wooden piece 20. By making it such a dimension, the wooden plug 70 can still function as hiding the joining means 40 as described above even after the carbonization range CA of the wooden piece 20 is carbonized due to a fire or the like.

[0055] When attaching the wooden plug 70 to the wooden piece 20, the following method may be used to smooth the boundary between the wooden plug 70 and the wooden piece 20. That is, first, the wooden plug 70 is shaped so that the outer end of the wooden plug 70 in the thickness direction D1 protrudes from the surface of the wooden piece 20 when attached to the wooden piece 20. After attaching the wooden plug 70 shaped like this to the wooden piece 20, the wooden plug 70 may be scraped so that it is flush with the surface of the wooden piece 20.

[0056] (Second building component 200) Next, the second building member 200 shown in Fig. 6 will be described. In the second building member 200, the same components as those in the first building member 100 are given the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted, with only the differences being described. The second building component 200 differs from the first building component 100 in that it includes a second wooden piece 220 instead of the wooden piece 20 and does not include a joint piece 60, but otherwise has the same configuration.

[0057] The second wooden pieces 220 are provided in pairs on both sides of the steel material 10 in the thickness direction D1. The second wooden piece 220 has the same basic structure as the wooden piece 20, but differs from the wooden piece 20 in that it includes second joint pieces 260 at both ends in the width direction D2. The second joint pieces 260 are portions that protrude inward in the thickness direction D1 from the side of the second wooden piece 220 that contacts the side of the steel material 10 in the thickness direction D1 at both ends in the width direction D2. The amount of protrusion of the second joint pieces 260 is at least half the dimension of the steel material 10 in the thickness direction D1. With this shape, when the second wooden piece 220 is joined to the steel material 10 by the joining means 40, the second joint pieces 260 cover both sides of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2. In other words, the steel material 10 is prevented from being exposed on the outer peripheral surface of the second building component 200.

[0058] Alternatively, the amount of protrusion may be more than half the dimension in the thickness direction D1 of the steel material 10. By setting such a dimension, when the second wooden piece 220 and the steel material 10 are fastened by the joining means 40, the second joint piece 260 is compressed from both sides in the thickness direction D1. This may prevent a gap from being generated between the second wooden piece 220 and the steel material 10 due to a reaction force generated in the second joint piece 260. 6, the second joint member 260 is attached so as to be in close contact with the side surface of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2. By attaching it in this manner, a gap between the second wooden piece 220 and the steel material 10 is eliminated.

[0059] In this way, the second joint 260 has the same role as the joint 60 of the first building component 100. The second joint 260 (joint) is part of the second wooden piece 220 (wood). In other words, the second joint 260 is a single member formed integrally with the second wooden piece 220. Furthermore, to more reliably eliminate gaps, adhesive or screw members may be placed on the contact surfaces between the second joint members 260. Furthermore, in order to smooth the boundaries between the second joint members 260, the boundaries may be cut after the second wooden piece 220 and the steel material 10 are joined.

[0060] (Third building component 300) Next, a third building member 300 shown in Fig. 7 will be described. In the third building member 300, the same components as those in the first building member 100 are given the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted, with only the differences being described. The third building component 300 differs from the first building component 100 in that it includes a wooden piece 20 and a third wooden piece 320, and does not include a joint member 60.

[0061] In the third building component 300, wooden pieces 20 of the same shape are not provided in pairs, but rather a wooden piece 20 is provided on one side surface of the steel material 10 in the thickness direction D1, and a third wooden piece 320 is provided on the other side surface. The third wooden piece 320 has the same basic structure as the wooden piece 20, but differs from the wooden piece 20 in that it includes third joint pieces 360 at both ends in the width direction D2. The third joint pieces 360 are portions that protrude inward in the thickness direction D1 from the side of the third wooden piece 320 that contacts the side of the steel material 10 in the thickness direction D1 at both ends in the width direction D2. The amount of protrusion of the third joint piece 360 ​​is at least equal to the dimension of the steel material 10 in the thickness direction D1. By adopting this shape, when the wooden piece 20 and the third wooden piece 320 are joined to the steel material 10 by the joining means 40, the third joint piece 360 ​​covers both sides of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2. In other words, the steel material 10 is prevented from being exposed on the outer periphery of the third building component 300.

[0062] Alternatively, the amount of protrusion may be equal to or greater than the dimension in the thickness direction D1 of the steel material 10. By setting such a dimension, when the wooden piece 20, the third wooden piece 320, and the steel material 10 are fastened together by the joining means 40, the third joint piece 360 ​​is compressed from both sides in the thickness direction D1. This may prevent gaps from being generated between the wooden piece 20, the third wooden piece 320, and the steel material 10 due to a reaction force generated in the third joint piece 360. 7, the third joint member 360 is attached so as to be in close contact with the side surface of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2. By attaching it in this manner, a gap between the third wooden piece 320 and the steel material 10 is eliminated.

[0063] In this way, the third joint 360 has the same role as the joint 60 of the first building component 100. The third joint 360 (joint) is part of the third wooden piece 320 (wood). In other words, the third joint 360 is the same member that is integrally formed with the third wooden piece 320. Furthermore, to more reliably eliminate gaps, adhesive or screw members may be placed on the contact surfaces between the wooden piece 20 and the third joint piece 360. Furthermore, in order to smooth the boundary between the wooden piece 20 and the third joint piece 360, the boundary may be cut after the wooden piece 20 and the third wooden piece 320 are joined to the steel material 10.

[0064] (Manufacturing methods for building components) Next, a manufacturing method of a building member according to this embodiment will be described. In the following, when there is no need to distinguish between the wooden piece 20, the second wooden piece 220, and the third wooden piece 320, they will all be referred to as the wooden piece 20. The manufacturing method according to this embodiment includes a first step, a second step, and a bonding step. The first step is a step of placing the connector 30 on the wooden piece 20. Specifically, the first step includes a chamfering and fixing step, a temporary placement step, a press-fitting step, and a protrusion amount confirmation step.

[0065] In the chamfering step, the connector 30 is chamfered. At this time, the chamfering of the connector 30 is performed only on the end portion on the pressing plate 50 side. In the temporary placement step, the connector 30 is temporarily placed on the wooden piece 20, the second wooden piece 220, or the third wooden piece 320. When press-fitting the connector 30 into the through hole 20h, as shown in FIG. 8 , the connector 30 is inserted from the side of the wooden piece 20 facing the steel material 10. The connector 30 is also inserted into the opening of the through hole 20h from the side where the chamfered portion 31 is formed. This ensures that after the connector 30 is inserted into the wooden piece 20, the chamfered portion 31 is located on the side of the wooden piece 20 that does not face the steel material 10. This prevents the end of the connector 30 from interfering with the inner surface of the through hole 20h and damaging the inner surface of the through hole 20h, and also ensures that the positional relationship between the presser plate 50 and the chamfered portion of the connector 30 is as described above.

[0066] In the press-fitting step, the connector 30 is press-fitted into the wooden piece 20 using a press-fitting machine. At this time, it is important to ensure that the cylindrical central axis of the connector 30 and the central axis of the through-hole 20h of the wooden piece 20 are always parallel to each other. In the protrusion amount confirmation step, the protrusion amount of the connector 30 from the surface of the wooden piece 20 is confirmed. This ensures that the non-transmission area B is formed when the pressing plate 50 is placed due to the positional relationship between the end of the connector 30 and the surface of the wooden piece 20.

[0067] After the first step, the second step is performed. The second step is a step of attaching the joint 60 to the wooden piece 20. This step is omitted for the second wooden piece 220 integrally formed with the third joint 360 and the third wooden piece 320 integrally formed with the third joint 360. The second step includes a determination step and an attachment step. The determination process is a process of determining the attachment location of the splice 60 according to the posture of the wooden piece 20. For example, first, the positions of the through holes 20h or countersunk holes 20H in the wooden piece 20 are grasped using a camera or the like to determine the posture of the wooden piece 20. Next, the surface of the wooden piece 20 on which the through holes 20h are located is determined, and both ends of that surface in the width direction D2 are determined as the attachment locations of the splice 60.

[0068] In the attachment process, the joint 60 is attached to the wooden piece 20. Specifically, the joint 60 is attached to the attachment location determined in the determination process using the attachment member 61. At this time, the attachment member 61 is positioned inside the carbonization range as described above. This ensures that the attachment member 61 does not lose its function even after the wooden piece 20 is carbonized.

[0069] The joining process is a process of joining wooden pieces 20 and steel materials 10. Specifically, it is a process of joining wooden pieces 20 together in the first building member 100, second wooden pieces 220 together in the second building member 200, and wooden pieces 20 and third wooden pieces 320 in the third building member 300 by fastening high-strength bolts 41 and nuts 42 of the joining means 40.

[0070] In the joining process, the wood material 20 into which the connector 30 is press-fitted and the steel material 10 are fastened together with the joining means 40. The joining process includes a first fastening process in which the fastening force of the joining means 40 is controlled by a predetermined torque amount, and a second fastening process in which the tightening amount of the joining means 40 is controlled by a predetermined rotation angle. The axial force applied to the joining means 40 is controlled by tightening the joining means 40 with a predetermined torque in the first fastening process. The tightening amount is controlled in the second fastening process.

[0071] A specific example of quality control for building components using the above-mentioned primary fastening process and secondary fastening process is as follows. First, a nut 42 is attached to the tip of the high-strength bolt 41 of the joining means 40, which has penetrated the wood 20 via the connector 30, and primary fastening is performed with a predetermined fastening torque (primary fastening process). This ensures that the axial force applied to the joining means 40 is constant during the mass production process of building components. Next, final fastening is performed with a predetermined rotation angle (secondary fastening process). The predetermined rotation angle is, for example, 120°. This ensures that the axial force required for the design of the building component is maintained. Building components are manufactured using the above-mentioned process.

[0072] As explained above, in the building component according to this embodiment, a splice 60 is provided in the portion between the two pieces of wood 20 where no steel material 10 is placed. This prevents the steel material 10 from being exposed on the outer periphery of the building component. Furthermore, by eliminating the gap between the pieces of wood 20 and the steel material 10, it is possible to prevent hot air from entering through the gap, resulting in a structure in which heat is less likely to propagate to the steel material 10. This contributes to improved fire resistance. It is possible.

[0073] Furthermore, the thickness of the joint material 60 is equal to or greater than the thickness of the steel material 10. As a result, when joining the wooden material 20 and the steel material 10, the wooden material 20 compresses the joint material 60 from both sides in the thickness direction D1. Therefore, the reaction force generated in the joint material 60 can more reliably prevent a gap from occurring between the wooden material 20 and the steel material 10.

[0074] Furthermore, the joint material 60 is in contact with the steel material 10. Here, the wooden pieces 20 are arranged on both sides of the steel material 10 in the thickness direction D1. Therefore, the joint material 60 is in contact with the side of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2, so that the periphery of the steel material 10 can be comprehensively covered. This makes it possible to achieve a structure in which heat is less likely to propagate to the steel material 10.

[0075] Furthermore, the joint 60 is a part of the wooden piece 20. In other words, the joint 60 and the wooden piece 20 are integrally molded into the same member. This allows the number of components to be reduced. This improves material yield and makes it easier to assemble the building components.

[0076] The joining piece 60 is attached to the wooden piece 20 by a mounting member 61. In other words, the joining piece 60 is a separate member from the wooden piece 20. This allows for efficient dimensional control of the joining piece 60 and efficient positioning of the wooden piece 20 and the joining piece 60. A portion of the mounting member 61 is positioned closer to the steel material 10 than the charring range CA of the wooden piece 20. Here, the charring range CA refers to the area on the outer surface of the wooden piece 20 where charring is expected to occur in the event of a fire. By attaching a portion of the mounting member 61 closer to the steel material 10 than the charring range CA of the wooden piece 20, it is possible to prevent the mounting member 61 from falling off the building component even if the wooden piece 20 is charred. This contributes to improved fire resistance.

[0077] The mounting member 61 is a screw member that is screwed into the wooden piece 20. In other words, the mounting member 61 is located inside the fixed wooden piece 20 and the connecting member 60. This makes it possible to prevent a gap from occurring between the wooden piece 20 and the steel material 10 by the mounting member 61.

[0078] The adhesive used for the mounting member 61 is not fire-resistant. As described above, at least a portion of the mounting member 61 is positioned closer to the steel material 10 than the carbonization range CA. Therefore, the splice 60 can be fixed to the wooden piece 20 without using a fire-resistant adhesive. This reduces costs compared to when a fire-resistant adhesive is used.

[0079] In addition, the connector 30, the presser plate 50, and the high-strength bolts are hidden by the wooden plugs 70. This prevents the connector 30, the presser plate 50, and the high-strength bolts from being exposed on the outer periphery of the building component, further reducing the possibility of heat being transmitted to the steel material 10.

[0080] Furthermore, a portion of the wooden plug 70 is positioned closer to the steel material 10 than the carbonization area CA of the wooden material 20. This ensures that at least a portion of the wooden plug 70 is not carbonized even after the carbonization area CA is carbonized. This prevents the joining means 40 from being exposed on the outer periphery of the building component even after the wooden material 20 is carbonized. This further contributes to improving fire resistance.

[0081] The method also includes a determination step of determining the attachment location of the splice 60 based on the posture of the wooden piece 20, an attachment step of attaching the splice 60 to the wooden piece 20, and a joining step of joining the wooden piece 20 and the steel material 10. The determination step reliably prevents incorrect assembly of the splice 60. The attachment step and the joining step are separate steps. That is, the joining step is performed with the splice 60 already placed on the wooden piece 20. Therefore, by joining the wooden piece 20 and the steel material 10 with the positions of the splice 60 reliably aligned, it is possible to more reliably prevent gaps from occurring between the wooden piece 20 and the steel material 10 and between the splice 60 and the steel material 10.

[0082] Furthermore, in the attachment process, the attachment member 61 is positioned inside the carbonization area CA. This allows the attachment member 61 to maintain its function even after the wooden piece 20 is carbonized. This makes it possible to more reliably prevent heat from being transmitted to the steel material 10.

[0083] The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, although the third joint member 360 has been described as being provided on both ends of the third wooden piece 320 in the width direction D2, this is not limited to this. For example, a shape corresponding to the third joint member 360 may be formed on only one end of the wooden piece 20 in the width direction D2. By providing a pair of wooden pieces 20 with such shapes, the wooden pieces 20 attached to the side surfaces of the steel material 10 in the thickness direction D1 may have the same shape.

[0084] In addition, within the scope of the spirit of the present invention, the components in the above-described embodiments may be replaced with well-known components as appropriate, and the above-described modifications may be combined as appropriate. [Explanation of symbols]

[0085] 10 Steel material 20 wood 20h through hole 30 connectors 40 Joining means 50 plates 60 Joint material 61 Mounting material 70 wooden stopper CA carbonization range D1 direction D2 Width direction

Claims

1. Two pieces of wood with holes in each, A plate-shaped steel material sandwiched between the two pieces of wood; a plurality of hollow connectors each having an outer diameter larger than an inner diameter of the through hole, the hollow connectors being press-fitted into the through hole and having one end in contact with the steel material; a presser plate disposed on the other end of the connector; a high-strength bolt that passes through the pressing plate, the connector, and the steel material and fixes the wood to the steel material via the connector; Equipped with The connector, the pressure plate, and the high-strength bolt are hidden by wooden plugs. A portion of the wooden plug is disposed closer to the steel material than the carbonization range of the wood, A joint is provided in a portion where no steel material is placed between the two wooden pieces. Building materials.

2. 2. The building component according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the joining member is equal to or greater than the thickness of the steel member.

3. The joining material is in contact with the steel material.

3. A building component according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The joining material is a part of the wood. A building component according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The joining material is attached to the wood by an attachment member, and at least a portion of the attachment member is positioned closer to the steel material than the carbonized area of ​​the wood. A building component according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. The attachment member is a screw member that is screwed into the wood.

6. A building component according to claim 5.

7. The mounting member is a non-fireproof adhesive.

6. A building component according to claim 5.

8. A method for manufacturing a building member according to any one of claims 5 to 7, a determining step of determining the attachment location of the joining member based on the posture of the wood; an attachment step of attaching the splice to the wood; a joining step of joining the wood and the steel material; Equipped with The attaching step is characterized in that the attaching member is disposed inside the carbonized area. Manufacturing methods for building components.

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