Sealant evaluation method

Abstract

To provide a quantitative sealant evaluation method for selecting an optimum primer that can ensure long-term reliability of waterproofing of joints on the exterior walls of buildings. [Solution] The evaluation method for sealant 10 includes the following steps: a first step of evaluating the adhesion between adherend 11 and primer 12, and the adhesion between primer 12 and sealant 10, for each temperature condition using a movement test on test specimen 1; a second step of determining the tensile stress as a mechanical property of sealant 10 using a static tensile test and determining the complex modulus of tensile deformation of sealant 10 using a dynamic viscoelasticity test; a third step of determining a relationship diagram between the tensile stress of sealant 10 determined in step 2 and the complex modulus of tensile deformation of sealant 10; and a fourth step of judging the suitability of primer 12 using the relationship diagram determined in step 3, based on the adhesive peel strength of primer 12 assuming the usage environment obtained from steps 1 and 2.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for evaluating a sealing material. [Background technology]

[0002] Joints in the exterior walls of buildings (joints between exterior wall components) are filled with architectural sealants to ensure waterproofing. The waterproofing performance of joint waterproofing, in which sealants are filled to ensure the watertightness of exterior wall joints, is greatly influenced by the performance of the sealant selected for the joint's constituent materials, construction method, and location. In general, Non-Patent Document 1 shows the performance of sealants, categorizing them by type and class, main component, product form, and durability, as well as various performance characteristics. Non-Patent Document 2 shows the test methods.

[0003] On the other hand, exterior wall joints are classified into working joints and non-working joints. The former are joints with relatively large movement (joint movement), while the latter are joints with little or no movement. Joint waterproofing is selected based on the appropriate combination of sealant, construction method, location, and constituent materials, requiring long-term watertightness. For working joints in particular, the sealant's physical properties, which allow it to adapt to movement, as well as its adhesion to the constituent materials (the surfaces it contacts, hereafter referred to as the adherend) are important. Because sealants do not have sufficient adhesion to all substrates, a primer is applied to the substrate to ensure adhesive strength before the sealant is applied. This primer reinforces the adhesion between the adherend and primer and between the primer and sealant, but it is necessary to select the most suitable primer for the substrate and sealant. While a sealant adhesion test is presented in Non-Patent Document 2, there is no quantitative standard for evaluation, leaving room for improvement.

[0004] As mentioned above, the problem is that there is no established method for selecting the optimal primer depending on the sealant and the substrate. The text of JASS8 in Non-Patent Document 3 states that "The primer to be used should be the one specified by the sealant manufacturer," and the commentary on JASS8 in Non-Patent Document 3 simply states that "It is necessary to use the primer specified by the sealant manufacturer and check the adhesion in advance." [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0005] [Non-Patent Document 1] JIS A 5758:2022 "Construction sealants" (Japanese Standards Association) [Non-patent document 2] JIS A 1439:2022 "Test methods for construction sealants" (Japanese Standards Association) [Non-patent document 3] JASS8 T-501-2014 Performance Evaluation Test Method for Membrane Waterproofing Layers 3.3 Fatigue Test (Standard Specifications for Construction Works and Commentary, Waterproofing Works, Architectural Institute of Japan) Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] As mentioned above, sealants for working joints are repeatedly subjected to compressive and tensile deformation, and it is known that peeling occurs at the interface between the adherend / primer and between the primer / sealant, especially during tensile deformation. In this invention, a quantitative sealant evaluation method is required for the purpose of selecting the optimal primer that can ensure the long-term reliability of joint waterproofing for building exterior walls.

[0007] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a quantitative sealant evaluation method for selecting an optimal primer that can ensure long-term reliability of joint waterproofing in the exterior walls of buildings. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The present inventors have discovered a quantitative sealant evaluation method for the purpose of selecting an optimal primer that can ensure long-term reliability of joint waterproofing, and have completed the present invention. Specifically, the present invention provides the following.

[0009] (1) A method for evaluating a sealant to be filled into the joints of the exterior walls of a building, comprising: a first step of applying a primer to an adherend and filling the adherend with a sealant, and then subjecting the adherend to which the primer has been applied to a test specimen to a movement test in which compression and tension deformation are repeated under different temperature conditions to evaluate the adhesion between the adherend and the primer and the adhesion between the primer and the sealant; A second step of determining, for each temperature condition, a tensile stress as a mechanical property of the sealant by a static tensile test, and determining a complex modulus of elasticity or a storage modulus of tensile deformation of the sealant by a dynamic viscoelastic test; a third step of determining, for each temperature condition, a relationship diagram between the tensile stress of the sealing material determined in the second step and the complex elastic modulus of tensile deformation of the sealing material, or a relationship diagram between the tensile stress of the sealing material determined in the second step and the storage elastic modulus; a fourth step of obtaining the adhesive peel strength of the primer from the first step and the second step, and using the adhesive peel strength of the primer assuming the usage environment obtained from the first step and the second step as a standard, determining the suitability of the primer under the usage environment assumed in an actual building for each temperature condition using the relationship diagram obtained in the third step.

[0010] According to the invention (1), the adhesion of a primer / sealant combination to an adherend can be determined. Furthermore, the adhesion of the primer / sealant combination to the adherend can be evaluated, taking into account the expected environment in which the combination will be used. While conventional testing methods can determine the adhesive strength under individual test conditions, the present invention determines the adhesive peel strength between the adherend / primer or primer / sealant, and quantitatively determines the suitability of the specifications based on values ​​that take into account the expected environment in which the building will be used and the movement of the components. Therefore, quantitative evaluation of sealants can be performed, with the aim of selecting the optimal primer that can ensure the long-term reliability of waterproofing joints on the exterior walls of buildings.

[0011] (2) A method for evaluating a sealant to be filled into the joints of the exterior walls of a building, a first step of applying a primer to an adherend and filling the adherend with a sealant, and then subjecting the adherend to which the primer has been applied to a test specimen to a movement test in which shear deformation is repeated under various temperature conditions to evaluate the adhesion between the adherend and the primer and the adhesion between the primer and the sealant; A second step of determining, for each temperature condition, the shear stress as a mechanical property of the sealant by a static shear test, and determining the complex modulus or storage modulus of shear deformation of the sealant by a dynamic viscoelasticity test; a third step of determining, for each temperature condition, a relationship diagram between the shear stress of the sealing material determined in the second step and the complex elastic modulus of shear deformation of the sealing material, or a relationship diagram between the shear stress of the sealing material determined in the second step and the storage elastic modulus; a fourth step of obtaining the adhesive peel strength of the primer from the first step and the second step, and using the adhesive peel strength of the primer assuming the usage environment obtained from the first step and the second step as a standard, determining the suitability of the primer under the usage environment assumed in an actual building for each temperature condition using the relationship diagram obtained in the third step.

[0012] According to the invention (2), the adhesion of a primer / sealant combination to an adherend can be determined. Furthermore, the adhesion of the primer / sealant combination to the adherend can be evaluated, taking into account the expected environment in which the combination will be used. While conventional testing methods can determine the adhesive strength under individual test conditions, the present invention determines the adhesive peel strength between the adherend / primer or primer / sealant, and quantitatively determines the suitability of the specifications based on values ​​that take into account the expected environment in which the building will be used and the movement of the components. Therefore, quantitative evaluation of sealants can be performed, with the aim of selecting the optimal primer that can ensure the long-term reliability of waterproofing joints on building exterior walls.

[0013] (3) A method for evaluating a sealant according to (1) or (2), wherein the usage environment in the fourth step includes the temperature of weather conditions and the rate of change in joint width due to the materials used in the exterior wall of the building.

[0014] According to the invention of (3), in the fourth step, the suitability of the primer can be determined under the actual usage environment caused by the temperature of weather conditions and the materials used in the exterior walls of the building, and quantitative evaluation of the sealant can be performed with the aim of selecting the optimal primer that can ensure the long-term reliability of the waterproofing of the joints of the exterior walls of the building.

[0015] (4) A method for evaluating a sealing material according to (1) or (2), which includes a step carried out before the first step, in which the test specimen is first subjected to one or more of immersion in hot water and heat curing to accelerate deterioration.

[0016] According to the invention (4), by carrying out a process for promoting deterioration before carrying out the first process S1, an evaluation test of the sealant 10 can be carried out under conditions that assume that the primer 12 deteriorates due to aging, or that the sealant 10 deteriorates and hardens, resulting in a decrease in adhesive strength. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a quantitative sealant evaluation method for selecting the optimal primer that can ensure long-term reliability of joint waterproofing in the exterior walls of buildings. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a method for evaluating a sealant according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a test specimen used in a method for evaluating a sealing material according to the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the test contents of the expansion / contraction deformation test in the movement test. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of a sealing material used in the dynamic viscoelasticity test in the second step. [Figure 5] 10 is a graph showing an example of a test cycle in a first step. [Figure 6] 1 is a graph showing the relationship between tensile deformation rate and applied stress. [Figure 7] 1 is a graph showing the temperature dispersion of the complex modulus E* of tensile deformation of a sealing material. [Figure 8] 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the complex modulus E* of tensile deformation and the tensile stress of a sealing material. [Figure 9] 1 is a graph showing the complex modulus E* of tensile deformation of a sealing material corresponding to a usage environment. [Figure 10] 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the complex modulus of elasticity E* and the tensile stress of test specimen A. [Figure 11] 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the complex modulus of elasticity E* and the tensile stress of test specimen B. [Figure 12] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the test contents of a shear deformation test in a movement test. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. A construction sealant is filled into joints (joints between exterior wall components) in the exterior walls of a building to ensure waterproofing. A method for evaluating a sealant 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention is a quantitative evaluation method for a sealant 10 used in joints in the exterior walls of a building, with the aim of selecting a primer for a sealing method using the optimal sealant 10 that can ensure long-term reliability of waterproofing the joints in the exterior walls of a building. As shown in FIG. 1 , the evaluation method for the sealant 10 includes a first step S1, a second step S2, a third step S3, and a fourth step S4. The evaluation method for the sealant 10 is carried out in the order of the first step S1, the second step S2, the third step S3, and the fourth step S4.

[0020] (1st process S1) The first step S1 is a step of evaluating the adhesion of a primer by a movement test in which compressive deformation and tensile deformation are repeated, as shown in Fig. 1. In the first step S1, a test specimen 1 is prepared as shown in Fig. 2, and a movement test is performed using the prepared test specimen 1. In the first step S1, a primer 12 is applied to a pair of adherends 11, and a sealant 10 is filled into the pair of adherends 11 to which the primer 12 has been applied (see Fig. 2). The adhesion between the adherends 11 and the primer 12 and between the primer 12 and the sealant 10 is evaluated for each temperature condition by a movement test (see Fig. 3) in which compressive deformation and tensile deformation are repeated.

[0021] In preparing the test specimen 1, as shown in Fig. 2, a pair of adherends 11 are separated by a predetermined distance W (for example, 12 mm), a primer 12 is applied to the pair of adherends 11, a spacer 13 is placed between both longitudinal ends of the pair of adherends 11, and a sealant 10 is filled between the pair of adherends 11 to which the primer 12 has been applied, thereby preparing the test specimen 1 having the shape shown in Fig. 2. As an example, as shown in Fig. 2, the longitudinal length L of the sealant 10 filled between the pair of adherends 11 is 50 mm, the thickness T is 12 mm, and the width W of the sealant 10 filled between the pair of adherends 11 is 12 mm.

[0022] The material of the adherend 11 is selected from components that will actually be used in the actual building to be evaluated, and can be, for example, metal, non-ferrous metal, concrete, resin, etc. Such adherends 11 include those whose surfaces are coated with polyester-based or fluororesin-based powder paints, heat-curing paints such as fluororesin-based paints, or room-temperature drying paints such as fluororesin-based paints. The surface of the adherend 11 does not have to be coated with paint. If the surface of the adherend 11 is coated with paint, a primer 12 is applied on top of the paint coated on the surface of the adherend 11.

[0023] A "movement test" is conducted using the prepared specimen 1. In this movement test, specimen 1 is repeatedly subjected to compression and expansion as shown in Figure 3 under a constant temperature environment. The movement test of the present invention is based on "JASS8 T-501-2014 Performance Evaluation Test Method for Membrane Waterproofing, 3.3 Fatigue Test." However, since the JASS8 test is not intended for sealants but for evaluating the crack tracking ability of coated waterproofing materials, this test is modified to evaluate sealants.

[0024] In a movement test, the deformation rate, temperature conditions (test temperature), and number of repetitions (number of tests) are set. For example, they are as shown in Table 1 below. For example, in Table 1, the deformation rates are 10%, 20%, and 30%, the temperature conditions are 25°C, 60°C, and -10°C, and the number of repetitions is 500. Steps 1 to 3 in Table 1 are carried out in order from (1) to (9). Steps (1) to (9) constitute a series of movement tests.

[0025] [Table 1]

[0026] In this case, the temperature conditions are 25°C as the general temperature, 60°C as the maximum daytime temperature, and -10°C as the minimum nighttime temperature. These temperatures are taken from JASS8, with 60°C being the test temperature assumed for when the exposed surface is exposed to sunlight, and -10°C being the test temperature required in most regions of Japan. The deformation rate, test temperature, and number of tests can be set arbitrarily and can be changed as desired within the specifications of the test equipment in hand, but the order of temperature conditions should be such that the lowest temperature condition is last (-10°C is last in Table 1).

[0027] The deformation rate is measured in ascending order. In Table 1, the deformation rate for steps 1 to 3 is ±10% at first, followed by ±10%, ±20%, and ±30% in the order of steps 1 to 3. The number of steps may be greater, but considering the speed of the test, two to four steps are preferred. Although Table 1 only shows steps 1 to 3, four or more steps are also acceptable. The compression and tension deformation cycle for the movement test is one cycle per minute. While it is possible to make one cycle longer than one minute, one cycle per minute is preferred considering the speed of the test.

[0028] In the movement test, the presence or absence of peeling between the adherend 11 and the primer 12 or between the primer 12 and the sealant 10 is confirmed, and if peeling is found between the adherend 11 and the primer 12 or between the primer 12 and the sealant 10, the deformation rate and the test temperature are recorded.

[0029] The stage at which peeling occurred is evaluated each time, using such criteria as, for example, "peeling occurred after step 1 (3) was completed" or "peeling occurred after step 2 (5) was completed." Furthermore, whether peeling occurred between the adherend 11 and the primer 12 or between the primer 12 and the sealant 10 is also recorded. In the former case (peeling between the adherend 11 and the primer 12), it can be determined that the adhesion of the primer 12 to the adherend 11 is poor. In the latter case (peeling between the primer 12 and the sealant 10), it can be determined that the adhesion of the sealant 10 to the primer 12 is poor. In the former case (peeling between the adherend 11 and the primer 12), it can be determined that a change in the primer 12 is necessary. In the latter case (peeling between the primer 12 and the sealant 10), it can be determined that a change in the sealant 10 is necessary.

[0030] (2nd process S2) As shown in Fig. 1, the second step S2 is a step of determining the tensile stress as a mechanical property of the sealant 10 through a static tensile test and determining the complex modulus of tensile deformation of the sealant 10 through a dynamic viscoelasticity test for each temperature condition. When the dynamic characteristics of the tensile deformation of the sealant 10 are expressed as a complex modulus (dynamic modulus), the real part is called the storage modulus and the imaginary part is called the loss modulus. In the second step S2, as shown in Fig. 1, a static tensile test is performed to determine the displacement-load (SS) curve of the sealant 10, and a dynamic viscoelasticity test is performed to obtain temperature dispersion data of the complex modulus of tensile deformation of the sealant 10. The static tensile test and the dynamic viscoelasticity test are described below.

[0031] (Static tensile test) A test specimen 1 (see Figure 2) identical to that used in the movement test is prepared, and a static tensile test is performed on an untested sealant 10. In the static tensile test on the sealant 10, the same test specimen 1 used in the movement test is used, but the primer 12 is removed. The tensile stress of the sealant 10 itself can be determined as a mechanical property of the sealant 10 itself. Specifically, as shown in Figure 4, the sealant 10 portion of the test specimen 1 used in the movement test is sliced ​​to a thickness of Ta = 2 mm from the surface. This sample is then cut into a dumbbell-shaped test specimen as specified in "JIS K 6251:2017 - Determination of Tensile Properties." The tensile strength is determined when the gauge length reaches a predetermined elongation, and the tensile stress of the sealant 10 itself can be determined as a mechanical property of the sealant 10 itself. The thickness T of the sealant 10 used in the specimen 1 shown in Figure 2 is 12 mm, and because of specimen molding and cure shrinkage, attempting to collect a sample with a thickness Ta = 2 mm would result in approximately five layers. The average value of the five layers is calculated as the tensile stress of the sealant 10 itself. The dumbbell-shaped specimen does not have to be collected from the specimen 1; it can also be made from a sheet of sealant 10.

[0032] This "static tensile test" is the tensile property test described above in Non-Patent Document 2. The tensile tester used is one in which the maximum load during testing is within the range of 15% to 85% of the capacity of the tester, the tensile speed can be adjusted to 5.5 mm / min ± 0.5 mm / min, it is equipped with a tensile test incubator that can adjust the temperature inside the incubator to -20°C ± 2°C, and it is equipped with a recorder that can continuously monitor the load and displacement to create a load-displacement curve.

[0033] The test temperature is preferably the same as that of the movement test, and a displacement-load (SS) curve is obtained for each of about three test temperatures. The test does not need to be carried out until failure; a load history up to a deformation rate of 60% of the initial joint width is sufficient for practical displacement. The load at any displacement (deformation rate) is obtained from the displacement-load (SS) curve, and divided by the adhesive area of ​​the test piece 1 with the adherend 11 to obtain the tensile stress (N / mm 2 ) is found.

[0034] (Dynamic viscoelasticity test) The dynamic viscoelasticity measurement is performed using a dynamic viscoelasticity measuring device by a known method (known method: JIS K6394:2007 Vulcanized rubber and thermoplastic rubber - Determination of dynamic properties - General guidelines (kikakurui.com)). When the dynamic viscoelasticity measurement of the tensile deformation of the sealant 10 is performed, the complex modulus of tensile deformation of the sealant 10 itself can be determined without the primer 12.

[0035] In this method, a portion of the sealant 10 from the same untested specimen 1 used in the movement test is used, and as shown in Figure 4, the sealant 10 portion is sliced ​​from the surface to a thickness of Ta = 2 mm to obtain five layers of samples. The thickness T of the sealant 10 used in the specimen 1 shown in Figure 2 is 12 mm, and because of specimen molding and cure shrinkage, attempting to obtain a sample with a thickness of Ta = 2 mm will result in approximately five layers. Note that the number of layers to be sliced ​​is not limited to this.

[0036] For example, the sample size of one layer obtained by slicing the sealant 10 may be approximately length L = 50 mm and thickness Ta = 2 mm, and the width W is 12 mm in FIG. 2, but it may be approximately W = 5 mm. Although the length L of the sample size of one layer is set to L = 50 mm, in practice L = 20 to 30 mm is sufficient. The complex modulus E of five layers of sealant 10 was measured in tension mode with a dynamic viscoelasticity tester. * The complex modulus E of the five layers was measured. * Obtain temperature dispersion data in the range of -80℃ to 100℃. Complex modulus E* From the temperature dispersion data, the complex modulus of elasticity E * The dynamic viscoelasticity measurement is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2024-064636, "Method and apparatus for diagnosing deterioration of sealant."

[0037] (3rd process S3) As shown in FIG. 1, the third step S3 is to calculate the complex elastic modulus E of the tensile stress and the tensile deformation of the sealing material 10 obtained in the second step S2 for each temperature condition. * This is the process of drawing a relationship diagram.

[0038] In the third step S3, the tensile stress of the sealant 10 at each test temperature and the complex modulus of tensile deformation E of the sealant 10 at each test temperature obtained by the static tensile test and the dynamic viscoelastic test are * From this, the complex modulus E * A relationship diagram between the complex modulus of elasticity E and the tensile stress is created. This relationship diagram can also be used for the movement test of the same sealant 10 with different primers 12. Here, the physical properties of the sealant 10 are expressed as the complex modulus of elasticity E * Since the relationship between the stress and the tensile stress is shown in the graph, changes in the adherend 11 do not have any effect.

[0039] (4th step S4) 1, the fourth step S4 is a step of determining the suitability of the primer 12 using the results of the first step S1 to the third step S3. Specifically, the fourth step S4 is a step of obtaining the adhesion peel strength of the primer 12 (adherend 11 / primer 12 adhesion peel strength, primer 12 / sealant 10 adhesion peel strength) from the first step S1 and the second step S2, and determining the suitability of the primer 12 under the assumed usage environment in an actual building for each temperature condition using the relationship diagram obtained in the third step S3 based on the adhesion peel strength of the primer 12 assuming the usage environment obtained from the first step S1 and the second step S2.

[0040] The "usage environment" in the fourth step S4 includes the temperature (minimum temperature) of weather conditions and the deformation rate of joint width caused by the materials used in the exterior walls of the building. The deformation rate of joint width indicates the change in joint width between materials caused by fluctuations in material temperature (the temperature difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures relative to the reference temperature).

[0041] The test temperature and deformation rate at which the adherend 11 / primer 12 or the primer 12 / sealant 10 peeled from the movement test are determined, and the tensile stress corresponding to the deformation rate in the movement test is determined from the displacement-load (SS) curve at the test temperature obtained from the static tensile test. This value is the strength at which the adherend 11 / primer 12 or the primer 12 / sealant 10 peels, or the adhesive peel strength.

[0042] Based on the minimum temperature of the actual building's usage environment and the assumed deformation rate of the joint width, the complex modulus E of the tensile deformation of the sealant 10 corresponding to the minimum temperature was calculated from the temperature distribution data of the sealant 10. * is calculated and the complex elastic modulus E is calculated using the assumed deformation rate. * The tensile stress is calculated from the relational expression between the stress and the tensile stress. The tensile stress is compared with the adhesive peel strength obtained from the test to determine the suitability of the primer 12. If the tensile stress is greater than the adhesive peel strength, there is a possibility of peeling, but if it is smaller, it can be determined that there is no problem with the adhesion. This evaluation method makes it possible to quantitatively determine whether the selected primer 12 is suitable for use, based on the minimum temperature in the actual building's usage environment and the expected deformation rate of the joint width.

[0043] Next, a method for evaluating the sealing material 10 of the above embodiment will be described using examples. In the experiment of the example, a polyurethane sealant was evaluated on an aluminum alloy adherend 11 using a combination of three types of primer (test specimen A: silane-based, test specimen B: urethane-based 1, test specimen C: urethane-based 2). In this example, the sealant 10 was polyurethane-based, and the adherend 11 was also an aluminum alloy, and the type of primer 12 was changed in three patterns, resulting in test specimens A to C. Verification was performed by checking whether the primer 12 for each of test specimens A, B, and C peeled off from the sealant 10 and / or adherend 11 in usage environments a, b, and c.

[0044] This experiment can be performed, for example, when the sealant 10 and adherend 11 to be used have been decided in advance and an on-site person in charge asks, "Which primer is best to use?" This question can be answered. Alternatively, during the design stage or on-site construction, the test of the present invention can be used to confirm which combination of polyurethane sealant and primer recommended by each manufacturer meets the required performance requirements when selecting materials. Currently, products with proven track records are often specified, but adherends vary from site to site, and primer combinations are based on the test data of each manufacturer.

[0045] In the example, to evaluate the sealing material 10, each step is performed in the order of the first step S1 to the fourth step S4 shown in FIG. 1. First, similar to the specimen 1 in FIG. 2, specimens A, B, and C were prepared, and the movement test of the first step S1 was performed under the test conditions in Table 1 described above. The test cycle history of the temperature and displacement in the movement test is shown in FIG. 5. In FIG. 5, the test temperature was changed to 25°C, 60°C, and -10°C, and the displacement was increased to ±10%, ±20%, and ±30% in the order of steps 1 to 3. The results of the movement test are shown in Table 2.

[0046] [Table 2]

[0047] In the results in Table 2, test piece A peeled off when step 2 was completed at -10°C (Table 1 (6)). Test piece B peeled off when step 3 was completed at -10°C (Table 1 (9)). Test piece C did not peel off when step 3 was completed at -10°C (Table 1 (9)). At this time, it is also recorded at which interface between adherend 11 / primer 12 / sealant 10 peeling occurred.

[0048] Next, physical property tests (static tensile test, dynamic viscoelasticity test) are performed in the second step S2. As a result, the static tensile test of the sealant 10 produces a relationship diagram of the tensile deformation rate and tensile stress for each test temperature shown in FIG. 6. The dynamic viscoelasticity test produces the complex modulus E of the tensile deformation of the sealant 10 shown in FIG. * Obtain a diagram of the temperature dispersion of

[0049] For example, in the results of Table 2, test specimen A peeled off at the stage where step 2 was completed at -10°C ((6) in Table 1). Therefore, in Figure 6, test specimen A peeled off at a tensile deformation rate of 20% and a test temperature of -10°C, and the tensile stress in this case was 0.36 N / mm 2 Therefore, the peel strength of specimen A was determined to be 0.36N / mm 2 Furthermore, in the results of Table 2, test specimen B peeled off at the stage where step 3, -10°C ((9) in Table 1), was completed. Therefore, in Figure 6, test specimen B peeled off at a tensile deformation rate of 30% and a test temperature of -10°C, and the tensile stress in this case was 0.48 N / mm 2 Therefore, the peel strength of specimen B was determined to be 0.48N / mm 2 can be obtained.

[0050] Next, values ​​corresponding to test temperatures of −10° C., 25° C., and 60° C. were extracted from FIGS. 6 and 7, and in the third step S3, the complex modulus E of tensile deformation of the sealing material 10 was calculated as shown in FIG. * and the tensile stress of the sealing material 10.

[0051] Next, in the fourth step S4, the applicability of the primer 12 is examined in the usage environments a, b, and c in Table 3 below (which are examples of three levels of the environment (minimum temperature, deformation rate) in which the sealant 10 will be used). The fourth step S4 is a step in which the adhesive peel strength of the primer 12 (adherend 11 / primer 12 adhesive peel strength, and primer 12 / sealant 10 adhesive peel strength) is obtained from the first step S1 and the second step S2, and the suitability of the primer 12 in the usage environment assumed in an actual building is determined for each temperature condition using the relationship diagram obtained in the third step S3 based on the adhesive peel strength of the primer 12 assuming the usage environment obtained from the first step S1 and the second step S2.

[0052] [Table 3]

[0053] Here, the complex modulus of elasticity E of the tensile deformation of the sealing material 10 is * From the temperature dispersion, as shown in FIG. 9, the complex elastic modulus E of the tensile deformation of the sealing material 10 under the temperature conditions of the above-mentioned use environments a, b, and c is * is calculated for each usage environment a, b, and c.

[0054] And the complex modulus E in Figure 8 * The peel strength of the peeled specimens A and B and the complex modulus of elasticity E for each of the usage environments a, b, and c are calculated based on the relationship between the tensile stress and the peel strength of the peeled specimens A and B. * The graphs in Figures 10 and 11 are obtained by comparing the values ​​of the specimen C and the test piece C. The graph for the specimen C is omitted here. By summarizing these results, the evaluations in Table 4 below are obtained.

[0055] [Table 4]

[0056] The evaluation results of test specimen A will be described. Regarding test specimen A, the tensile stress was 0.36 N / mm 2 (See Figure 6) It is judged whether it is below or above.

[0057] As shown in Figure 10, for specimen A, the complex modulus of elasticity E * The tensile stress calculated from the value of the peel strength of specimen A obtained in the first step S1 was 0.36 N / mm when the deformation rate was 10%. 2 The following is estimated as (○), and the complex modulus of elasticity E in the usage environment b (minimum temperature 0 degrees) * The tensile stress calculated from the value of the peel strength of specimen A obtained in the first step S1 was 0.36 N / mm when the deformation rate was 10% and 20%. 2 The following is estimated as (○), and the tensile stress in the usage environment c (minimum temperature 10°C) is 0.36 N / mm for the peel strength of specimen A obtained in the first step S1 when the deformation rate is 10 to 30%. 2 The following is estimated as (○): For specimen A, when the deformation rate is 20% and 30% in use environment a and when the deformation rate is 30% in use environment b, the peel strength of specimen A obtained in the first step S1 is 0.36 N / mm 2 It is estimated to be inappropriate because it exceeds (×). At this time, whether peeling is likely to occur between the adherend 11 and the primer 12 or between the primer 12 and the sealant 10 can be determined from the test results obtained in the first step S1.

[0058] The evaluation results of test specimen B will be described. Regarding test specimen B, the tensile stress was 0.48 N / mm 2 (See Figure 6) It is judged whether it is below or above.

[0059] As shown in FIG. 11, for specimen B, the tensile stress in use environment a (minimum temperature -15°C) was 0.48 N / mm when the deformation rate was 10% and 20%. 2 The following is estimated as (○), and the tensile stress in the use environments b and c is 0.48 N / mm for the peel strength of the specimen B obtained in the first step S1 when the deformation rate is 10 to 30%. 2The following is estimated as (○). For specimen B, when the deformation rate is 30%, the peel strength of specimen B obtained in the first step S1 is 0.48 N / mm 2 Since it exceeds (×), it can be assumed to be inappropriate. At this time, whether peeling is likely to occur between the adherend 11 and the primer 12 or between the primer 12 and the sealant 10 can be determined from the test results obtained in the first step S1.

[0060] Test specimen C has a complex modulus of elasticity E * The tensile stress calculated from the value can be estimated to be less than the peel strength (○), so it can be assumed that peeling will not occur within the range of test conditions.

[0061] By using the above examples of the evaluation method for the sealant 10, it is possible to evaluate whether peeling may occur between the adherend 11 and the primer 12, or between the primer 12 and the sealant 10, thereby evaluating the adhesion between the adherend 11 and the primer 12, or between the primer 12 and the sealant 10.

[0062] As described above, the method for evaluating the sealant 10 according to the present invention makes it possible to determine the adhesion of the combination of primer 12 / sealant 10 to the adherend 11. It also makes it possible to evaluate the adhesion of the combination of primer 12 / sealant 10 to the adherend 11, taking into account the assumed environment in which the combination will be used. Furthermore, while conventional testing methods were able to determine the adhesive strength under individual test conditions, the present invention determines the adhesive peel strength of the adherend 11 / primer 12 or primer 12 / sealant 10, and makes it possible to quantitatively determine the suitability of the specifications from values ​​that take into account the assumed environment in which the building will be used and the movement of components.

[0063] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and can be modified as appropriate.

[0064] For example, in the above embodiment, the movement test in the first step S1 is an example of a movement test in which compressive deformation and tensile deformation are repeated (see Figure 3), but this is not limited to this and can also be replaced by a movement test in which shear deformation is repeated as shown in Figure 12. In this case, in step S1 of the embodiment, instead of a movement test that repeats compressive deformation and tensile deformation, a movement test that repeats shear deformation is conducted; in step S2 of the embodiment, for each temperature condition, a static shear test is conducted to determine the shear stress as a mechanical property of the sealant, and a dynamic viscoelasticity test is conducted to determine the complex modulus or storage modulus of shear deformation of the sealant; in step S3 of the embodiment, for each temperature condition, a relationship diagram is obtained between the shear stress of the sealant determined in step S2 and the complex modulus of shear deformation of the sealant; in step S4 of the embodiment, the adhesive peel strength of the primer is obtained from steps S1 and S2, and the suitability of the primer in the assumed usage environment in an actual building is judged for each temperature condition using the relationship diagram obtained in step S3. Thus, similar to the above embodiment, the evaluation method for the sealant 10 makes it possible to determine the adhesion of the combination of the primer 12 / sealant 10 to the adherend 11. It also makes it possible to evaluate the adhesion of the combination of the primer 12 / sealant 10 to the adherend 11, taking into account the assumed use environment of the combination. Furthermore, by determining the adhesive peel strength of the adherend 11 / primer 12 or the primer 12 / sealant 10, it becomes possible to quantitatively determine the suitability of the specifications from a value that takes into account the assumed use environment of the building and the movement of the components.

[0065] In the above embodiment, the complex modulus of tensile deformation of the sealant 10 is determined by a dynamic viscoelasticity test in the second step S2. However, this is not limiting. The storage modulus of tensile deformation of the sealant 10 may also be determined by a dynamic viscoelasticity test in the second step S2. The storage modulus of the sealant 10 is the real part of the complex modulus. When the storage modulus of the sealant 10 is determined by a dynamic viscoelasticity test in the second step S2, a relationship diagram between the tensile stress and storage modulus of the sealant 10 determined in the second step S2 is determined in the third step S3. Then, in the fourth step S4, the suitability of the primer 12 in the assumed usage environment in an actual building can be determined for each temperature condition using the relationship diagram determined in the third step S3, based on the adhesive peel strength of the primer 12 assuming the usage environment obtained in the first step S1 and the second step S2.

[0066] In the above embodiment, the movement test in the first step S1 was performed using the specimen 1 shown in FIG. 2 that was not deteriorated. However, deterioration over time can cause the primer 12 to deteriorate or the sealant 10 to harden, resulting in a decrease in adhesive strength. Therefore, before the first step S1, the specimen 1 used in the evaluation method for the sealant 10 can be subjected to an accelerated weathering test, such as hot water immersion or heat curing, to accelerate deterioration, and then the movement test can be performed. By performing the accelerated deterioration test before the first step S1, the evaluation test for the sealant 10 can be performed under conditions that assume deterioration of the primer 12 or deterioration of the sealant 10 to harden, resulting in a decrease in adhesive strength. [Explanation of symbols]

[0067] 1 Test specimen 10 Sealant 11 Adherent 12 Primers

Claims

1. A method for evaluating a sealant filled in a joint of an exterior wall of a building, comprising: a first step of applying a primer to an adherend and filling the adherend with a sealant, and then subjecting the adherend to which the primer has been applied to a test specimen to a movement test in which compression and tension deformation are repeated under different temperature conditions to evaluate the adhesion between the adherend and the primer and the adhesion between the primer and the sealant; a second step of determining, for each temperature condition, a tensile stress as a mechanical property of the sealant by a static tensile test, and determining a complex modulus of elasticity or a storage modulus of tensile deformation of the sealant by a dynamic viscoelastic test; a third step of determining, for each temperature condition, a relationship diagram between the tensile stress of the sealing material determined in the second step and the complex elastic modulus of tensile deformation of the sealing material, or a relationship diagram between the tensile stress of the sealing material determined in the second step and the storage elastic modulus; a fourth step of obtaining the adhesive peel strength of the primer from the first step and the second step, and using the adhesive peel strength of the primer assuming the usage environment obtained from the first step and the second step as a standard, determining the suitability of the primer under the usage environment assumed in an actual building for each temperature condition using the relationship diagram obtained in the third step.

2. A method for evaluating a sealant filled in a joint of an exterior wall of a building, comprising: a first step of applying a primer to an adherend and filling the adherend with a sealant, and then subjecting the adherend to which the primer has been applied to a test specimen to a movement test in which shear deformation is repeated under various temperature conditions to evaluate the adhesion between the adherend and the primer and the adhesion between the primer and the sealant; A second step of determining, for each temperature condition, the shear stress as a mechanical property of the sealant by a static shear test, and determining the complex modulus of shear deformation or the storage modulus of the sealant by a dynamic viscoelasticity test; a third step of determining, for each temperature condition, a relationship diagram between the shear stress of the sealing material determined in the second step and the complex elastic modulus of shear deformation of the sealing material, or a relationship diagram between the shear stress of the sealing material determined in the second step and the storage elastic modulus; a fourth step of obtaining the adhesive peel strength of the primer from the first step and the second step, and using the adhesive peel strength of the primer assuming the usage environment obtained from the first step and the second step as a standard, determining the suitability of the primer under the usage environment assumed in an actual building for each temperature condition using the relationship diagram obtained in the third step.

3. 3. The method for evaluating a sealant according to claim 1, wherein the use environment in the fourth step includes a temperature of meteorological conditions and a rate of change in joint width caused by materials used in the exterior wall of a building.

4. 3. The method for evaluating a sealing material according to claim 1, further comprising a step carried out before the first step, in which the test specimen is preliminarily subjected to one or more of immersion in hot water and heat curing to accelerate deterioration.

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