Kerosene composition and base material for kerosene composition

Abstract

To provide a kerosene composition having proper combustion property as well as excellent lubricity and oxidation stability even when isoparaffin-based base materials are included as its main base material.SOLUTION: A kerosene composition is characterized by containing 15-50 vol.% of an isoparaffin-based base material containing sulfur components, isoparaffin, n-paraffin, and aromatic components at specific amounts, respectively, and having a density at 15°C and a distillation range being in specific ranges, respectively, as well as containing 25-45 vol.% of a hydrodesulfurization kerosene base material containing a specific amount of sulfur components and having a density at 15°C and a distillation range being in specific ranges, respectively, and 15-40 vol.% of a high-pressure hydrotreated base material obtained from a hydrotreated oil of a specified raw oil, containing specific amount of sulfur components, and having a density at 15°C and a distillation range being in specific ranges, respectively, and showing a kinematic viscosity at 30°C of a prescribed value or more.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a kerosene composition and a base material for a kerosene composition. [Background technology]

[0002] Kerosene compositions (sometimes referred to as "kerosene") are fuel oils used in a wide range of applications, such as in home heating appliances, greenhouse heaters, and industrial diesel engines. They are stored in kerosene tanks and pumped to the combustion section.

[0003] As the fuel oil base material for constituting the kerosene composition, a kerosene base material (hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material) obtained by hydrodesulfurizing a kerosene fraction (straight-run kerosene) obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil is usually mainly used.

[0004] On the other hand, in recent years, fuel oils made from renewable raw materials containing base materials produced by fermenting, pressing, pyrolysis, etc., using organic resources (biomass) derived from living organisms as raw materials have been attracting attention as sustainable or renewable alternative fuel oils in place of fossil fuels.

[0005] For example, Patent Document 1 (JP 2014-159597 A) describes 1+ O 1+ providing a water-soluble oxygenated hydrocarbon containing a hydrocarbon; and catalytically reacting the oxygenated hydrocarbon in the presence of a deoxygenation catalyst to produce C 1+ O 1-3 producing an oxygenate containing hydrocarbon; and catalytically reacting the oxygenate in the presence of a condensation catalyst at a condensation temperature and a condensation pressure to produce C 4+ A fuel oil or the like has been proposed in which the distillate obtained by subjecting the distillate to a step of producing a compound and then further distilling the distillate as a constituent base material.

[0006] In addition, as a fuel oil made from biomass, a method has been proposed in which, for example, woody biomass is fed into a gasification furnace to obtain synthesis gas (Syngass) consisting mainly of H2 and CO, which is then synthesized into hydrocarbons by the Fischer-Tropsch reaction (FT reaction), and further hydrogen is added to perform an isomerization reaction to produce the base material for fuel oil.

[0007] Furthermore, a fuel oil base material containing paraffins as its main component (HEFA-SPK (Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene)) has also become known, which is synthesized using raw materials such as waste cooking oil, oils and fats found in algae, and oils and fats obtained from common animal and vegetable oils. For example, there can be mentioned a method in which oils and fats obtained from the above-mentioned algae and seeds of plants such as jatropha and camelina are subjected to deoxygenation and hydrogenation treatment to produce a base material for fuel oil containing paraffin as the main component, or a method in which various lipids derived from waste cooking oil or general oils and fats are hydrogenated to remove impurities, and the resulting paraffin fraction is isomerized and appropriately fractionated to produce a base material for fuel oil containing isoparaffin as the main component.

[0008] In addition, a fuel oil base material (ATJ-SPK (Alcohol to Jet Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene)) containing branched saturated hydrocarbons (isoparaffins) as its main component, synthesized using so-called bioalcohols such as ethanol and butanol produced by fermenting biomass, has also become known. For example, a method has become known in which isobutanol produced by fermentation is converted into isobutene by a dehydration reaction, and then this is polymerized to form an oligomer, thereby forming a base material for fuel oil whose main component is branched-chain saturated hydrocarbons (isoparaffins). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0009] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-159597 DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] Among the constituent base materials of fuel oils made from renewable raw materials, those obtained through production methods involving synthesis reactions and isomerization reactions are composed mostly of branched-chain saturated hydrocarbons (isoparaffins), contain little straight-chain saturated hydrocarbons (n-paraffins) that easily produce wax, and contain almost no aromatic components (aromatic hydrocarbon compounds). As a method for producing such an isoparaffin-based base material, in addition to the above-mentioned method using renewable raw materials, a method for synthesizing from isobutene obtained from a petroleum refining process can also be mentioned.

[0011] Generally, kerosene compositions are required to have suitable combustion characteristics so as not to produce soot due to unburned fuel residue, for example. It is expected that kerosene compositions containing the above-mentioned isoparaffinic base material with a low aromatic content as the main constituent base material can have improved combustion characteristics.

[0012] On the other hand, kerosene compositions are generally required to have various excellent properties as fuel oils in addition to combustion characteristics, and the inventors have conducted research and found that kerosene compositions containing the above-mentioned isoparaffinic base material as the main constituent base material do not necessarily exhibit sufficient lubricity and oxidation stability.

[0013] In this case, it may be possible to incorporate additives that improve lubricity (lubricity improvers) or additives that improve oxidation stability (oxidation stability improvers) into the kerosene composition, but incorporating additives is likely to increase the cost of the resulting kerosene composition, making it difficult to produce fuel oil economically.

[0014] Under these circumstances, the present invention aims to provide a kerosene composition that has appropriate combustion characteristics and is excellent in lubricity and oxidation stability, even when the kerosene composition contains an isoparaffin-based base material as the main base material, and to provide a base material for a kerosene composition that can be suitably blended with an isoparaffin-based base material. [Means for solving the problem]

[0015] The present inventors have conducted extensive research to solve the above technical problems, and have surprisingly found that a polyisoprene having a sulfur content of less than 10 ppm by mass and a density at 15°C of 0.7600 to 0.8200 g / cm3 can be obtained. 3 and a hydrodesulfurized kerosene base oil having a distillation range of 135.0°C to 290.0°C, and a 90% by volume distillation temperature of 320 to 360°C, obtained by hydrotreating a feedstock oil containing 37 to 65% by mass of aromatic hydrocarbons at a hydrogen partial pressure of 10 to 18 MPa, the sulfur content of which is less than 10 ppm by mass and the density at 15°C of which is 0.7900 to 0.8600 g / cm. 3 The present inventors have found that the above technical problems can be solved by blending a high-pressure hydrogenation treatment base material having a distillation range of 140.0°C to 320.0°C with a high-pressure hydrogenation treatment base material having a distillation range of 140.0°C to 320.0°C, and have completed the present invention based on this finding.

[0016] That is, the present invention is (1) The sulfur content is less than 10 ppm by mass, the isoparaffin content is 85.0% by volume or more, the n-paraffin content is 7.0% by mass or less, the aromatic content is 0.5% by volume or less, and the density at 15°C is 0.7300 to 0.8000 g / cm 3 , containing 15% by volume to 50% by volume of an isoparaffinic base material having a distillation range of 140.0 ° C to 300.0 ° C, Sulfur content less than 10 ppm by mass, density at 15°C 0.7600 to 0.8200 g / cm 3 25% to 45% by volume of hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material having a distillation range of 135.0°C to 290.0°C; A 90% by volume distillation temperature of 320-360°C, obtained from hydrotreating feedstock containing 37-65% by mass of aromatic hydrocarbons at a hydrogen partial pressure of 10-18 MPa, with a sulfur content of less than 10 ppm by mass and a density at 15°C of 0.7900-0.8600 g / cm 3 , containing 15% by volume to 40% by volume of a high-pressure hydrotreating base material having a distillation range of 140.0°C to 320.0°C; Kinematic viscosity at 30°C is 1.450mm 2 / seconds or more A kerosene composition characterized by: (2) Formula (I) 2.5 x alkylbenzene content (volume %) - 5.2 x naphthenebenzene content (volume %) (I) The kerosene composition according to (1) above, wherein the stability index calculated by the following formula is greater than 0.00; (3) Sulfur content is less than 10 ppm by mass, and density at 15°C is 0.7600 to 0.8200 g / cm 3 29.4% by volume to 75.0% by volume of hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material having a distillation range of 135.0 ° C to 290.0 ° C; A 90% by volume distillation temperature of 320-360°C, obtained from hydrotreating feedstock containing 37-65% by mass of aromatic hydrocarbons at a hydrogen partial pressure of 10-18 MPa, with a sulfur content of less than 10 ppm by mass and a density at 15°C of 0.7900-0.8600 g / cm 3 and 17.6% to 61.5% by volume of a high-pressure hydrotreating base material having a distillation range of 140.0°C to 320.0°C. A base material for a kerosene composition characterized by This provides: [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] According to the present invention, even when an isoparaffin-based base material is contained as the main base material, it is possible to provide a kerosene composition that has appropriate combustion characteristics and is excellent in lubricity and oxidation stability, and to provide a base material for a kerosene composition that can be suitably blended with an isoparaffin-based base material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. In this specification, the use of "to" to indicate a range of values ​​indicates a range that includes the values ​​stated as the upper and lower limits. When a unit is stated for only the upper limit of a range of values ​​expressed by "to," this means that the lower limit is also expressed in the same unit. In the numerical ranges described in stages in this specification, the upper or lower limit value described in one numerical range may be replaced with the upper or lower limit value of another numerical range described in stages. In this specification, the content or amount of each component in a composition means, unless otherwise specified, the total content or amount of the multiple substances present in the composition when multiple substances corresponding to each component are present in the composition. As used herein, combinations of preferred embodiments are more preferred embodiments.

[0019] The kerosene composition according to the present invention comprises: The sulfur content is less than 10 ppm by mass, the isoparaffin content is 85.0% by volume or more, the n-paraffin content is 7.0% by mass or less, the aromatic content is 0.5% by volume or less, and the density at 15°C is 0.7300 to 0.8000 g / cm 3 , containing 15% by volume to 50% by volume of an isoparaffinic base material having a distillation range of 140.0 ° C to 300.0 ° C, Sulfur content less than 10 ppm by mass, density at 15°C 0.7600 to 0.8200 g / cm 3 25% to 45% by volume of hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material having a distillation range of 135.0°C to 290.0°C; A 90% by volume distillation temperature of 320-360°C, obtained from hydrotreating feedstock containing 37-65% by mass of aromatic hydrocarbons at a hydrogen partial pressure of 10-18 MPa, with a sulfur content of less than 10 ppm by mass and a density at 15°C of 0.7900-0.8600 g / cm 3 , containing 15% by volume to 40% by volume of a high-pressure hydrotreating base material having a distillation range of 140.0°C to 320.0°C; Kinematic viscosity at 30°C is 1.450mm2 / seconds or more It is characterized by

[0020] Each of the base materials constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention will be described below.

[0021] The kerosene composition according to the present invention contains an isoparaffinic base material as a constituent base material. In the present application, the isoparaffin-based base material may be obtained using renewable raw materials, or may be obtained from a fraction obtained in a petroleum refining process, or from a fraction obtained in a petroleum refining process that is further subjected to synthesis or isomerization treatment.

[0022] The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has a sulfur content of less than 10 ppm by mass (0 ppm by mass or more and less than 2 ppm by mass), preferably 5 ppm by mass or less (0 ppm by mass or more and 5 ppm by mass or less), and more preferably 1 ppm by mass or less (0 ppm by mass or more and 1 ppm by mass or less). When the sulfur content of the isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention is within the above range, the production of sulfur oxides during combustion can be easily reduced.

[0023] In the present application, the sulfur content refers to a value measured in accordance with JIS K 2541-6:2003 "Crude oil and petroleum products - Determination of sulfur content - Part 6: Ultraviolet fluorescence method."

[0024] The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has an isoparaffin (branched saturated hydrocarbon) content of 85.0% by volume or more (85.0 to 100.0% by volume), preferably 88.0% by volume or more (88.0 to 100.0% by volume), and more preferably 91.0% by volume or more (91.0 to 100.0% by volume).

[0025] In the documents of this application, the content of isoparaffin means the value obtained by subtracting the content of n-paraffin (linear saturated hydrocarbon) converted per unit volume from the content of alkanes (linear saturated hydrocarbons) described below.

[0026] The isoparaffin-based base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has an n-paraffin (linear saturated hydrocarbon) content of 7.0% by mass or less (0.0% by mass to 7.0% by mass), preferably 6.0% by mass or less (0.0% by mass to 6.0% by mass), and more preferably 5.0% by mass or less (0.0% by mass to 5.0% by mass).

[0027] In the documents of this application, the n-paraffin content means the value measured and calculated under the conditions described below, and unless otherwise specified, it means the content of n-paraffin having 9 or more carbon atoms.

[0028] <Measurement conditions for n-paraffin content> Measuring device: GC-FID manufactured by Agilent Column: DB-1, 60m × 0.32mm ID, DF: 0.25μm Measurement start temperature (holding time): 60°C (5 min) Measurement end temperature (holding time): 340°C (14 min) Oven heating rate: 6°C / min Carrier gas: He 152 kPa FID combustion gas: H2 30 mL / min, Air 400 mL / min Quantification method: Internal standard method (di-n-butyl phthalate) [[ID=​​​​​​​​​​The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has an alkane (chain saturated hydrocarbon) content of 84.0% by volume or more (84.0% by volume to 100.0% by volume), more preferably 87.0% by volume or more (87.0% by volume to 100.0% by volume), and even more preferably 90.0% by volume or more (90.0% by volume to 100.0% by volume).

[0031] The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a naphthene (cyclic saturated hydrocarbon) content of 5.0% by volume or less (0.0% by mass to 5.0% by volume), more preferably 4.0% by volume or less (0.0% by volume to 4.0% by volume), and even more preferably 3.0% by volume or less (0.0% by volume to 3.0% by volume).

[0032] In the present application, the content of alkanes (chain saturated hydrocarbons) and the content of naphthenes (cyclic saturated hydrocarbons) refer to values ​​determined by the following method. <Method for measuring alkane (chain saturated hydrocarbon) content and naphthene (cyclic saturated hydrocarbon) content> (1) Using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the saturated fraction (saturated hydrocarbon compounds) is separated under the following conditions. Measurement equipment: Shimadzu Corporation HPLC Column: Develosil 30-3 (4.6mm x 250mm) Mobile phase: n-hexane 1.0 mL / min 5.3 MPa Detector: CH1: UV254nm, CH2: RI Sample concentration: Dilute with n-hexane to approximately 20 vol.% Injection volume: 60μL Fractionation conditions: After elution of the saturated fraction, backflush is performed to elute the aromatic fraction all at once. (2) For the saturated fraction obtained in (1) above, an average mass spectrum is obtained using a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (GC / MS) under the following conditions: Measuring device: Agilent GC-MS Column: DB-1HT 30m x 0.32mm I.D. x 0.10um Oven temperature: 40℃ (2 min) - (20℃ / min) - 300℃ (5 min) Run 20 min Carrier gas: He, constant pressure mode 30 kPa, initial: 2.1 mL / min, 52 cm / sec Ionization voltage: EI 70eV Injection method: On-column injection Next, the volume ratio of alkanes and the volume ratio of naphthenes are calculated by substituting these values ​​into the calculation formula described in ASTM D 2786, and the content of alkanes and the content of naphthenes relative to the entire solution are calculated by multiplying the value of the saturated content (volume %) measured according to JPI-5S-49-07 described below by the calculated volume ratio. In addition, the factors used for calculation in ASTM D 2786 were an average carbon number of 16 and n-paraffin as the calculation factor.

[0033] The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has a saturated component (saturated hydrocarbon compound) content of 99.0% by volume or more (99.0% by volume to 100.0% by volume), preferably 99.2% by volume or more (99.2% by volume to 100.0% by volume), and more preferably 99.4% by volume or more (99.4% by volume to 100.0% by volume).

[0034] In the present application, the saturated content refers to the value measured by the method described in JPI-5S-49-07 "Petroleum products - Hydrocarbon type testing method - High performance liquid chromatography method."

[0035] The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has an olefin content of 0.5% by volume or less (0.0% by volume to 0.5% by volume), more preferably 0.4% by volume or less (0.0% by volume to 0.4% by volume), and even more preferably 0.3% by volume or less (0.0% by volume to 0.3% by volume).

[0036] In the present application, the olefin content refers to the value measured by the method described in JPI-5S-49-07 "Petroleum products - Hydrocarbon type test method - High performance liquid chromatography method."

[0037] The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has an aromatic content (aromatic hydrocarbon compound) of 0.5% by volume or less (0.0% by volume to 0.5% by volume), preferably 0.4% by volume or less (0.0% by volume to 0.4% by volume), and more preferably 0.3% by volume or less (0.0% by volume to 0.3% by volume).

[0038] In the present application, the aromatic content refers to the value measured by the method described in JPI-5S-49-07 "Petroleum products - Hydrocarbon type test method - High performance liquid chromatography method." However, the aromatic content of the feedstock oil used for high-pressure hydrotreating and the aromatic content used in the calorific value measurement described below refer to values ​​measured according to IP548 "Determination of aromatic hydrocarbon types in middle distillates - High performance liquid chromatography method With refractive index detection."

[0039] In the isoparaffin-based base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention, the isoparaffin content, n-paraffin content and aromatic content are each within the above-mentioned ranges, and the majority of the content is made up of isoparaffins. Since the content of aromatics that tend to generate soot during combustion is low, when blended into a kerosene composition, the combustion characteristics can be easily improved.

[0040] The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has a density at 15°C of 0.7300 to 0.8000 g / cm 3 and 0.7350 g / cm 3 ~0.7950g / cm 3Preferably, it is 0.7400 g / cm 3 ~0.7900g / cm 3 It is more preferable that: When the density of the isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition is within the above range, a good combustion state can be easily achieved when the kerosene composition is burned.

[0041] In the present application, the density at 15°C means the density measured in accordance with JIS K 2249-1:2011 "Crude oil and petroleum products - Determination of density - (oscillating method)".

[0042] The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has a distillation range of 140.0°C to 300.0°C, preferably 145.0°C to 290.0°C, and more preferably 150.0°C to 280.0°C. By having the distillation range of the isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention fall within the above range, when the kerosene composition is made, it is possible to impart distillation properties suitable for use in combustors such as industrial diesel engines and home heating appliances. In the present application, the distillation range means the temperature range from the initial boiling point (IBP) to the end point (EP).

[0043] The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has an initial boiling point (IBP) in atmospheric distillation of 140.0 to 220.0°C, more preferably 145.0 to 210.0°C, and even more preferably 150.0 to 200.0°C. The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a 10% by volume distillation temperature (T10) in atmospheric distillation of 150.0 to 230.0°C, more preferably 155.0 to 220.0°C, and even more preferably 160.0 to 210.0°C. The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a 50% by volume distillation temperature (T50) in atmospheric distillation of 170.0 to 250.0°C, more preferably 175.0 to 240.0°C, and even more preferably 180.0 to 220.0°C. The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a 90% by volume distillation temperature (T90) in atmospheric distillation of 180.0 to 280.0°C, more preferably 185.0 to 270.0°C, and even more preferably 190.0 to 260.0°C. The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has (c) a 95% by volume distillation temperature (T95) in atmospheric distillation of 190.0 to 290.0°C, preferably 195.0 to 280.0°C, and more preferably 200.0 to 270.0°C. The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has an end point (EP) of 195.0 to 300.0°C, more preferably 200.0 to 290.0°C, and even more preferably 205.0 to 280.0°C.

[0044] The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has IBP, T10, T50, T90, T95 and EP within the above ranges, thereby maintaining appropriate spray and combustion conditions in industrial diesel engines and domestic heating appliances, and easily suppressing deposit formation and deterioration of exhaust gas properties. In the present application, IBP, T10, T50, T90, T95 and EP refer to distillation temperatures in atmospheric distillation measured in accordance with JIS K2254:1998 "Petroleum products - Distillation test methods."

[0045] The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a flash point of 38.0°C or higher, more preferably 40.0°C or higher, and even more preferably 42.0°C or higher. Although there is no particular upper limit to the flash point of the isoparaffinic base material, the flash point of the isoparaffinic base material is usually 90.0°C or lower. If the flash point of the isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition is within the above range, the kerosene composition can be handled more easily.

[0046] In this application, the flash point refers to a value measured according to JIS K 2265-1, Determination of Flash Point - Part 1: Tag-Sealed Method.

[0047] The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a freezing point of -61°C or lower, more preferably -65°C or lower, and even more preferably -70°C or lower. The lower limit of the freezing point of an isoparaffin-based base material is not particularly limited, but the measurement limit of the freezing point of an isoparaffin-based base material is -75°C. By having the deposition point of the isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition within the above range, deposition of wax components can be easily suppressed when blended into the kerosene composition even when used in polar regions.

[0048] In the present application, the freezing point refers to a value measured in accordance with JIS K 2276:2003 "Petroleum products - Aviation fuel oil test method, freezing point test method."

[0049] The isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a smoke point of 25.0 mm or higher, more preferably 30.0 mm or higher, and even more preferably 35.0 mm or higher. Although there is no particular upper limit to the smoke point of the isoparaffin-based base material, the smoke point of the isoparaffin-based base material is usually 60.0 mm or less. When the smoke point of the isoparaffinic base material constituting the kerosene composition is within the above range, the flammability can be easily improved when blended into the kerosene composition.

[0050] In the present application, the smoke point refers to a value measured according to the JIS K 2537 standard.

[0051] The isoparaffin-based base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention may be derived from biomass or may be synthesized from isobutene or the like obtained in a petroleum refining process, and it is preferable that it is derived from biomass. When the isoparaffin-based base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention is derived from biomass, it is preferably produced using lipids as a raw material or synthesized using bioalcohol as a raw material. Specific examples of isoparaffin-based base materials produced using lipids as raw materials include those obtained by hydrogenating various lipids derived from waste cooking oil or general animal and vegetable oils, removing impurities, and then isomerizing the resulting paraffin content and subjecting it to appropriate fractional distillation. In addition, specific examples of isoparaffin-based base materials synthesized using bioalcohol as a raw material include those obtained by converting isobutanol produced by fermentation into isobutene through a dehydration reaction, polymerizing this to form an oligomer, and then subjecting it to appropriate fractional distillation treatment. In the present application, bioalcohol refers to alcohols such as ethanol and butanol obtained by fermenting biomass and then subjecting it to appropriate filtration.

[0052] The kerosene composition according to the present invention contains the above-mentioned isoparaffinic base material as a constituent base material in an amount of 15 to 50% by volume, preferably 20 to 45% by volume, and more preferably 25 to 40% by volume.

[0053] The kerosene composition according to the present invention contains the above-mentioned isoparaffinic base material as the main base material in the above-mentioned proportion, and therefore has suitable combustion characteristics. Furthermore, by containing other specific base materials in specific proportions, the kerosene composition can exhibit excellent lubricity and oxidation stability.

[0054] The kerosene composition according to the present invention contains a hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock as a constituent base stock. In the present application, the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock means a product obtained by hydrodesulfurizing a kerosene fraction (straight run kerosene) obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil.

[0055] The hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has a sulfur content of less than 10 ppm by mass (not less than 0 ppm by mass and not more than 10 ppm by mass), preferably not more than 9 ppm by mass (not less than 0 ppm by mass and not more than 9 ppm by mass), and more preferably not more than 8 ppm by mass (not less than 0 ppm by mass and not more than 8 ppm by mass). When the sulfur content of the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention is within the above range, the production of sulfur oxides during combustion can be easily reduced.

[0056] The hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has a density at 15°C of 0.7600 g / cm 3 ~0.8200g / cm 3 and 0.7650 g / cm 3 ~0.8000g / cm 3 Preferably, it is 0.7700 g / cm 3 ~0.8000g / cm 3 It is more preferable that: When the density of the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition is within the above range, a good combustion state can be easily achieved when the kerosene composition is burned.

[0057] The hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has a distillation range of 135.0°C to 290.0°C, preferably 137.0°C to 285.0°C, and more preferably 139.0°C to 280.0°C. Since the distillation range of the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention is within the above range, when it is blended into a kerosene composition, it can easily impart distillation properties suitable for use in industrial diesel engines and home heating appliances. In the present application, the distillation range means the temperature range from the initial boiling point (IBP) to the end point (EP).

[0058] The hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has an initial boiling point (IBP) in atmospheric distillation of 135.0 to 165.0°C, more preferably 140.0 to 160.0°C, and even more preferably 145.0 to 155.0°C. The hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a 10% by volume distillation temperature (T10) in atmospheric distillation of 145.0 to 190.0°C, more preferably 150.0 to 185.0°C, and even more preferably 155.0 to 180.0°C. The hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a 50% by volume distillation temperature (T50) in atmospheric distillation of 170.0 to 230.0°C, more preferably 175.0 to 225.0°C, and even more preferably 180.0 to 220.0°C. The hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a 90% by volume distillation temperature (T90) in atmospheric distillation of 210.0 to 245.0°C, more preferably 215.0 to 250.0°C, and even more preferably 220.0 to 255.0°C. The hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has a 95% by volume distillation temperature (T95) in atmospheric distillation of 220.0 to 270.0°C, preferably 225.0 to 265.0°C, and more preferably 230.0 to 260.0°C. The hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has an end point (EP) of 230.0 to 290.0°C, more preferably 235.0 to 285.0°C, and even more preferably 240.0 to 280.0°C.

[0059] The hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has IBP, T10, T50, T90, T95 and EP within the above ranges, thereby maintaining appropriate atomization and combustion conditions in industrial diesel engines and domestic heating appliances, and easily suppressing deposit formation and deterioration of exhaust gas properties.

[0060] The hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a flash point of 38°C or higher, more preferably 39°C or higher, and even more preferably 40°C or higher. Although there is no particular upper limit to the flash point of the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock, the flash point of the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock is usually 60°C or lower. When the flash point of the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition is within the above range, the kerosene composition can be handled more easily.

[0061] The hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a freezing point of −47° C. or lower, more preferably −49° C. or lower, and even more preferably −51° C. or lower. Although there is no particular lower limit for the freezing point of the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock, the freezing point of the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock is usually −59° C. or higher. When the deposition point of the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition is within the above range, deposition of wax components can be easily suppressed when blended into the kerosene composition even when used in polar regions.

[0062] The hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a smoke point of 17 mm or higher, more preferably 19 mm or higher, and even more preferably 21 mm or higher. Although there is no particular upper limit to the smoke point of the kerosene composition, the smoke point of the kerosene composition is usually 60 mm or less. By ensuring that the smoke point of the kerosene composition is within the above range, excellent combustion properties can be maintained. When the smoke point of the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition is within the above range, the combustion properties can be easily improved when blended into the kerosene composition.

[0063] The hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has an induction period of 80 minutes or more, more preferably 90 minutes or more, and even more preferably 100 minutes or more. Because the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material that makes up the kerosene composition has an induction period of 80 minutes or more, it exhibits excellent oxidation stability when blended into the kerosene composition, suppressing the formation of sludge and deposits, and as a result, it is possible to suppress clogging of fuel injection nozzles in industrial diesel engines and abnormal combustion in home heating appliances. In the present application, the induction period refers to the induction period measured by ASTM D7545-09 "Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Middle Distillate Fuels - Rapid Small Scale Oxidation Test."

[0064] In the kerosene composition according to the present invention, the content of saturated components in the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock is preferably 75.0 to 95.0% by volume, more preferably 77.0 to 93.0% by volume, and even more preferably 79.0 to 91.0% by volume. In the kerosene composition according to the present invention, the content of saturated components in the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material is within the above range, so that good combustibility can be easily exhibited.

[0065] In the kerosene composition according to the present invention, the content of olefins in the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock is preferably 0.5% by volume or less (0.0% by volume to 0.5% by volume), more preferably 0.4% by volume or less (0.0% by volume to 0.4% by volume), and even more preferably 0.3% by volume or less (0.0% by volume to 0.3% by volume). In the kerosene composition according to the present invention, the content of saturated components in the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material is within the above range, so that the composition can exhibit good oxidation stability.

[0066] In the kerosene composition according to the present invention, the aromatic content in the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock is preferably 5.0 to 25.0% by volume, more preferably 5.0 to 24.0% by volume, and even more preferably 5.0 to 23.0% by volume. In the kerosene composition according to the present invention, the aromatic content in the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material is within the above range, so that good combustibility can be easily exhibited.

[0067] The kerosene composition according to the present invention contains the above-mentioned hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock as a constituent base stock in an amount of 25% to 45% by volume, preferably 27% to 43% by volume, and more preferably 30% to 40% by volume.

[0068] Even when the kerosene composition according to the present invention contains an isoparaffinic base material as the main base material, by containing the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material in the above-mentioned proportion, it has appropriate combustion characteristics and can easily exhibit excellent oxidation stability.

[0069] The kerosene composition according to the present invention is obtained from a hydrotreated oil having a 90% by volume distillation temperature of 320 to 360°C and containing 37 to 65% by mass of aromatics, at a hydrogen partial pressure of 10 to 18 MPa, and has a sulfur content of less than 10 ppm by mass and a density at 15°C of 0.7900 to 0.8600 g / cm 3 The composition includes a high-pressure hydrogenation treatment base material having a distillation range of 140.0°C to 320.0°C.

[0070] The high-pressure hydrotreating base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has a sulfur content of less than 10 ppm by mass (0 ppm by mass or more and less than 10 ppm by mass), preferably 7 ppm by mass or less (0 ppm by mass or more and 7 ppm by mass or less), and more preferably 3 ppm by mass or less (0 ppm by mass or more and 3 ppm by mass or less). When the sulfur content of the high-pressure hydrotreated base material constituting the kerosene composition of the present invention is within the above range, the production of sulfur oxides during combustion can be easily reduced.

[0071] The high-pressure hydrotreating base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has a density of 0.7900 g / cm at 15°C. 3 ~0.8600g / cm 3 0.8000g / cm 3~0.8500g / cm 3 Preferably, it is 0.8100 g / cm 3 ~0.8500g / cm 3 It is more preferable that: When the density of the high-pressure hydrotreating base material constituting the kerosene composition is within the above range, the hydrocarbon content per volume is increased, the calorific value is improved, and a good combustion state can be easily achieved when the kerosene composition is combusted.

[0072] The high-pressure hydrotreating base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has a distillation range of 140.0°C to 320.0°C, preferably 145.0°C to 310.0°C, and more preferably 150.0°C to 300.0°C. Since the distillation range of the high-pressure hydrotreated base material constituting the kerosene composition of the present invention is within the above range, when it is blended into a kerosene composition, it can easily impart distillation properties suitable for use in aircraft. In the present application, the distillation range means the temperature range from the initial boiling point (IBP) to the end point (EP).

[0073] The high-pressure hydrotreating base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has an initial boiling point (IBP) in atmospheric distillation of 150.0 to 210.0°C, more preferably 160.0 to 205.0°C, and even more preferably 170.0 to 200.0°C. The high-pressure hydrotreating base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a 10% by volume distillation temperature (T10) in atmospheric distillation of 170.0 to 220.0°C, more preferably 180.0 to 210.0°C, and even more preferably 190.0 to 210.0°C. The high-pressure hydrotreating base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a 50% by volume distillation temperature (T50) in atmospheric distillation of 180.0 to 240.0°C, more preferably 190.0 to 230.0°C, and even more preferably 200.0 to 220.0°C. The high-pressure hydrotreating base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a 90% by volume distillation temperature (T90) in atmospheric distillation of 185.0 to 265.0°C, more preferably 200.0 to 260.0°C, and even more preferably 210.0 to 250.0°C. The high-pressure hydrotreating base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has a 95% by volume distillation temperature (T95) in atmospheric distillation of 190.0 to 270.0°C, preferably 200.0 to 265.0°C, and more preferably 210.0 to 260.0°C. The high-pressure hydrotreating base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has an end point (EP) of 225.0 to 320.0°C, more preferably 230.0 to 310.0°C, even more preferably 240.0 to 300.0°C, and even more preferably 250.0 to 300.0°C.

[0074] The high-pressure hydrotreated base material constituting the kerosene composition of the present invention is preferable because, when its IBP, T10, T50, T90, T95 and EP are within the above-mentioned ranges, it is easy to ignite when starting industrial diesel engines and domestic heating appliances, and the hydrocarbon content per volume is increased, resulting in an improved calorific value.

[0075] The high-pressure hydrotreating base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a flash point of 40°C or higher, more preferably 50°C or higher. There is no particular upper limit to the flash point of the high-pressure hydrogenation treatment substrate, but the flash point of the high-pressure hydrogenation treatment substrate is usually 130° C. or lower. When the flash point of the high-pressure hydrotreated base material constituting the kerosene composition is within the above range, flammable vapors are less likely to be generated at room temperature, and ignition due to static electricity or the like is more easily suppressed.

[0076] The high-pressure hydrotreating base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a freezing point of -65°C to -40°C, more preferably -63°C to -45°C, and even more preferably -61°C to -50°C. When the deposition point of the high-pressure hydrotreated base material constituting the kerosene composition is within the above range, deposition of wax components is easily suppressed when the kerosene composition is blended therewith, and clogging of fuel filters and piping systems when the kerosene composition is used in polar or cold regions is easily suppressed.

[0077] The high-pressure hydrotreated base material constituting the kerosene composition of the present invention preferably has a smoke point of 13.0 mm or higher, more preferably 15.0 mm or higher, and even more preferably 17.0 mm or higher. Although there is no particular upper limit to the smoke point of the high-pressure hydrotreating substrate, the smoke point of the high-pressure hydrotreating substrate is usually 40 mm or less. By having the smoke point of the high-pressure hydrotreated base material within the above range, excellent combustion properties can be easily maintained when blended into a kerosene composition.

[0078] In the kerosene composition according to the present invention, the content of saturated components in the high-pressure hydrotreated base material is preferably 2.0 to 95.0% by volume, more preferably 77.0 to 93.0% by volume, and even more preferably 79.0 to 91.0% by volume. By ensuring that the saturated content in the high-pressure hydrotreating base material is within the above range, good combustibility can be easily achieved when blended into a kerosene composition.

[0079] In the kerosene composition according to the present invention, the content of olefins in the high-pressure hydrotreated base material is preferably 0.5% by volume or less (0.0% by volume to 0.5% by volume), more preferably 0.4% by volume or less (0.0% by volume to 0.4% by volume), and even more preferably 0.3% by volume or less (0.0% by volume to 0.3% by volume). By ensuring that the olefin content in the high-pressure hydrotreating base material is within the above range, good oxidation stability can be easily exhibited when blended in a kerosene composition.

[0080] In the kerosene composition according to the present invention, the aromatic content in the high-pressure hydrotreatment base material is preferably 10.0 to 45.0% by volume, more preferably 13.0 to 40.0% by volume, and even more preferably 20.0 to 35.0% by volume. In the kerosene composition according to the present invention, by ensuring that the aromatic content in the high-pressure hydrotreated base material is within the above range, the amount of soot, which is a type of carbon particle, generated during combustion in industrial diesel engines or domestic heating appliances is reduced, making it possible to easily demonstrate good combustibility.

[0081] In the kerosene composition according to the present invention, the content of naphthenes (cyclic saturated hydrocarbons) in the high-pressure hydrotreatment base material is preferably 35 to 65% by volume, more preferably 40 to 60% by volume, and even more preferably 45 to 55% by volume. By ensuring that the naphthene (cyclic saturated hydrocarbon) content in the high-pressure hydrotreating base material is within the above range, excellent lubricity can be easily exhibited when blended into a kerosene composition.

[0082] In the kerosene composition according to the present invention, the calorific value of the high-pressure hydrotreated base material is preferably 35,000 to 36,500 J / mL, more preferably 35,100 to 36,300 J / mL, even more preferably 35,150 to 36,000 J / mL, and even more preferably 35,500 to 36,000 J / mL. By ensuring that the calorific value is within the above range, it is possible to easily improve the combustion efficiency during combustion in industrial diesel engines and home heating appliances. In the present application, the calorific value means a value measured in accordance with JIS K2279 "Crude oil and petroleum products - Calorific value testing method and calorific value estimation method." Here, the aromatic content (volume %) in the formula specified in JIS K2279 is the value of the aromatic content (mass %) measured according to IP548 "Determination of aromatic hydrocarbon types in middle distillates - High performance liquid chromatography method With refractive index detection," and the value converted to volume % assuming a density of 0.9 g / mL is used.

[0083] The high-pressure hydrotreated base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a wear scar diameter of 660 μm or less, more preferably 655 μm or less, and even more preferably 650 μm or less. By making the wear scar diameter of the high-pressure hydrotreated base material constituting the kerosene composition 660 μm or less, stable lubricity can be easily exhibited when blended into the kerosene composition.

[0084] In the present application, the wear scar diameter refers to a value measured using a High Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR) in accordance with the provisions of JPI-5S-50-98 "Light Oil - Lubricity Test Method."

[0085] Next, a method for producing the high-pressure hydrotreating base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention will be described.

[0086] (Feedstock oil for high-pressure hydrotreating base material) The feedstock oil of the high-pressure hydrotreating base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention has a 90% by volume distillation temperature of 320 to 360°C and contains 37 to 65% by mass of aromatic hydrocarbons.

[0087] The feedstock oil for the high-pressure hydrotreating base material has a 90% by volume distillation temperature (T90) of 320 to 360°C, preferably 330 to 360°C, and more preferably 340 to 360°C.

[0088] The feedstock oil for the high-pressure hydrotreating base material has an aromatic hydrocarbon compound content of 37.0 to 65.0 mass%, preferably 40.0 to 60.0 mass%, more preferably 45.0 to 60.0 mass%, and even more preferably 50.0 to 60.0 mass%. In this application, the content of aromatic hydrocarbons in the feedstock oil of the high-pressure hydrotreating base material means the value measured by IP548 "Determination of aromatic hydrocarbon types in middle distillates - High performance liquid chromatography method With refractive index detection."

[0089] The feedstock oil for the high-pressure hydrotreatment base preferably has a sulfur content of 3% by mass or less, more preferably 2% by mass or less. The lower the sulfur content of the feedstock oil, the better, so the lower limit of the sulfur content is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.5 mass % or more.

[0090] The nitrogen content of the feedstock oil for the high-pressure hydrotreatment base material is preferably 1,000 mass ppm or less, and more preferably 800 mass ppm or less. The lower the nitrogen content, the better, so the lower limit of the nitrogen content is not particularly limited, but is usually 100 ppm by mass or more. In the present application, the nitrogen content refers to the value measured in accordance with JIS K 2609 "Crude oil and petroleum products - Determination of nitrogen content."

[0091] The density at 15°C of the feedstock oil for high-pressure hydrotreating base material is preferably 0.8600 to 0.9100 g / mL, more preferably 0.8650 to 0.9050 g / mL.

[0092] The feedstock oil for the high-pressure hydrotreating base material can be one or more selected from thermally cracked light diesel oil, catalytically cracked diesel oil, and light diesel oil obtained by hydrotreating thermally cracked heavy diesel oil, and is preferably one or more selected from thermally cracked light diesel oil and catalytically cracked diesel oil having a high content of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds. The total content of thermally cracked light diesel oil and catalytically cracked light diesel oil relative to the total volume of the feedstock is preferably 30 to 100% by volume, more preferably 40 to 98% by volume, even more preferably 50 to 95% by volume, and even more preferably 60 to 95% by volume. For example, it is preferable that the content of thermally cracked light diesel oil is 30 to 60% by volume and the content of catalytically cracked light diesel oil is 35 to 65% by volume relative to the total volume of the feedstock oil. The feedstock oil for the high-pressure hydrotreating base material may include fractions other than the light diesel oil obtained by hydrotreating the above-mentioned thermally cracked light diesel oil, catalytically cracked diesel oil, and thermally cracked heavy diesel oil, such as straight-run diesel oil obtained from an atmospheric distillation unit, diesel fractions obtained from an indirect desulfurization unit, and diesel fractions obtained from a direct desulfurization unit. The content of fractions other than light diesel oil obtained by hydrotreating the above-mentioned thermally cracked light diesel oil, catalytically cracked diesel oil, and thermally cracked heavy diesel oil relative to the total volume of the feedstock is preferably 0 to 70% by volume, more preferably 2 to 60% by volume, and even more preferably 5 to 50% by volume.

[0093] (High-pressure hydrotreating of feedstock oil) The high-pressure hydrotreated base material constituting the kerosene composition according to the present invention is obtained from a hydrotreated oil obtained by subjecting the above-mentioned feedstock oil to high-pressure hydrotreatment at a hydrogen partial pressure of 10 to 18 MPa.

[0094] (hydrotreating catalyst) The hydrotreating catalyst used in the high-pressure hydrotreating process preferably has a support made of a porous inorganic oxide containing alumina. Examples of the active component constituting the hydrotreating catalyst include at least one metal element selected from Group 6 of the periodic table and at least one metal element selected from Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table. The at least one metal element selected from Group 6 of the periodic table is preferably molybdenum or tungsten. Preferred molybdenum compounds include molybdenum trioxide and ammonium molybdate, and preferred tungsten compounds include tungsten trioxide and ammonium tungstate. The amount of the Group 6 metal supported is preferably 8 to 20 mass % in terms of oxide relative to the total mass of the hydrotreating catalyst. As the at least one metal element selected from Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table, cobalt and nickel are preferred. As the cobalt compound, cobalt carbonate, basic cobalt carbonate, cobalt nitrate, etc. are preferred, and as the nickel compound, nickel carbonate, basic nickel carbonate, nickel nitrate, etc. are preferred. The amount of the metal element from Groups 9 and 10 supported is preferably 2 to 6 mass % in terms of oxide, based on the total mass of the hydrotreating catalyst. Among the above-mentioned active components, a molybdenum-nickel catalyst, which is a combination of molybdenum and nickel, is preferred. The above-mentioned hydrotreating catalyst is preferably used after being subjected to hydrogen reduction treatment in a hydrogen atmosphere at 300 to 400° C. for 1 to 36 hours.

[0095] (Hydrotreatment conditions) The hydrogen partial pressure during high-pressure hydrotreatment of the feedstock is 10 to 18 MPa, preferably 11 to 16 MPa, and more preferably 13 to 15 MPa.

[0096] When high-pressure hydrotreating is carried out in a flow reactor, the hydrogen / oil ratio at the reactor inlet (hereinafter referred to as "hydrogen / oil ratio") is, for example, 100 to 800 Nm 3 / KL, 200~700Nm 3 / KL is preferred, 300 to 650Nm 3 / KL is more preferred. Further, quench hydrogen may be added depending on the heat generated in the reactor.

[0097] When high-pressure hydrogenation is carried out in a flow reactor, the liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) is, for example, 0.1 to 3 h -1 and 0.2 to 2 hours -1 is preferable, and 0.25 to 1 hour-1 is more preferred.

[0098] The temperature of the catalyst layer is, for example, preferably 300 to 420°C, more preferably 310 to 400°C, and even more preferably 310 to 390°C.

[0099] The reaction system during high-pressure hydrotreating may be, for example, a fixed bed, a moving bed, or a fluidized bed, and the feedstock may be introduced into the reactor and treated under the hydrotreating conditions described above. Most generally, the catalyst described above is maintained as a fixed bed in the above-described manner, and the feedstock passes downward through the fixed bed.

[0100] The treated oil obtained by hydrotreating is separated by distillation to obtain the target high-pressure hydrotreating base material. A distillation apparatus is preferably used for the distillation separation. Here, the distillation apparatus refers to an apparatus that separates a liquid mixture by utilizing the difference in boiling points, and can separate a mixture that is liquid or solid at room temperature and pressure by distillation as a liquid mixture by adjusting the temperature and pressure.

[0101] Other details of the method for producing a high-pressure hydrogenation treatment base material are as described in JP 2019-178250 A as a method for producing a jet fuel base material.

[0102] The kerosene composition according to the present invention contains the above-mentioned high-pressure hydrotreating base material as a constituent base material in an amount of 15% by volume to 40% by volume, preferably 17% by volume to 38% by volume, and more preferably 19% by volume to 35% by volume.

[0103] Even when the kerosene composition according to the present invention contains an isoparaffinic base material as the main base material, by containing the high-pressure hydrotreated base material in the above-mentioned proportions, it has appropriate combustion characteristics and can easily exhibit excellent lubricity and oxidation stability.

[0104] The kerosene composition according to the present invention may contain various additives in addition to the above-mentioned base constituents. The additives include one or more selected from known fuel additives such as anti-icing agents, antioxidants, metal deactivators, anti-static agents, lubricity improvers, conductivity adjusters, and corrosion inhibitors.

[0105] The kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably contains the isoparaffinic base stock, hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock, and high-pressure hydrotreated base stock in a total amount of 85.0 to 100.0% by volume, more preferably 90.0 to 100.0% by volume, and even more preferably 95.0 to 100.0% by volume. By containing the above-mentioned isoparaffinic base stock, hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock, and high-pressure hydrogenated base stock in the above-mentioned total proportions, the kerosene composition according to the present invention can easily provide a kerosene composition that has suitable combustion characteristics as well as excellent lubricity and oxidation stability, even when the kerosene composition contains an isoparaffinic base stock as the main base stock.

[0106] The kerosene composition of the present invention has a kinematic viscosity at 30°C of 1.450 mm 2 / sec or more, 1.460mm 2 / sec or more is preferable, and 1.470 mm 2 / second or more is more preferable. The upper limit of the kinematic viscosity at 30°C of the kerosene composition according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but the kinematic viscosity at 30°C of the kerosene composition according to the present invention is usually 1.900 mm 2 / seconds or less.

[0107] Since the kinematic viscosity at 30°C of the kerosene composition of the present invention is within the above range, it can be easily handled without requiring major modifications to existing equipment during transportation, etc. In the present application, the kinematic viscosity at 30°C means a value measured in accordance with JIS K 2283:2000 "Crude oil and petroleum products - Test method for kinematic viscosity and calculation method for viscosity index."

[0108] The kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has an aromatic content (aromatic hydrocarbon compound) of 17.1% by volume or less (0.0% by volume to 17.1% by volume), more preferably 1.0% by volume to 16.8% by volume, even more preferably 2.0% by volume to 16.5% by volume, and even more preferably 2.8% by volume to 16.2% by volume. When the aromatic content of the kerosene composition according to the present invention is within the above range, it can easily exhibit good combustion properties.

[0109] The kerosene composition according to the present invention comprises a kerosene compound represented by the following formula (I): 2.5 x alkylbenzene content (mass%) - 5.2 x naphthenebenzene content (mass%) (I) is preferably greater than 0.00, more preferably 1.00 or greater, and even more preferably 2.00 or greater. In the kerosene composition according to the present invention, there is no particular upper limit to the stability index represented by the above formula (I), but the stability index represented by the above formula (I) is usually 25.00 or less.

[0110] In the kerosene composition according to the present invention, when the stability index calculated by the above formula (I) is greater than 0.00, excellent storage stability can be easily exhibited.

[0111] In the present application, the alkylbenzene content (mass%) and naphthenebenzene content (mass%) in the kerosene composition used to calculate the stability index are values ​​measured and calculated by the following methods. <Method for measuring alkylbenzene content (mass%) and naphthenebenzene content (mass%)> (1) Using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the aromatic fraction (aromatic hydrocarbon compounds) is separated under the following conditions. Measurement equipment: Shimadzu Corporation HPLC Column: Develosil 30-3 (4.6mm x 250mm) Mobile phase: n-hexane 1.0 mL / min 5.3 MPa Detector: CH1: UV254nm, CH2: RI Sample concentration: Dilute with n-hexane to approximately 20 vol.% Injection volume: 60μL Fractionation conditions: After elution of the saturated fraction, backflush is performed, and the aromatic fraction is eluted all at once and fractionated. (2) The average mass spectrum of the aromatic components obtained in (1) above is obtained using a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (GC / MS) under the following conditions: Measuring device: Agilent GC-MS Column: DB-1HT 30m x 0.32mm I.D. x 0.10um Oven temperature: 40℃ (2 min) - (20℃ / min) - 300℃ (5 min) Run 20 min Carrier gas: He, constant pressure mode 30 kPa, initial: 2.1 mL / min, 52 cm / sec Ionization voltage: EI 70eV Injection method: On-column injection Next, the volume ratio of each aromatic component is calculated by substituting the values ​​into the calculation formula described in ASTM D 3239, and the alkylbenzene content and naphthenebenzene content relative to the entire solution are calculated by multiplying the calculated volume ratio by the aromatic value (volume %) measured according to JPI-5S-49-07.

[0112] The kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has an induction period of 70 minutes or more, more preferably 71 minutes or more, and even more preferably 72 minutes or more. Because the kerosene composition has an induction period of 70 minutes or more, it exhibits excellent oxidation stability and suppresses the formation of sludge and deposits, thereby preventing clogging of fuel injection nozzles in industrial diesel engines and abnormal combustion in home heating appliances.

[0113] The kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a wear scar diameter of 660.0 μm or less, more preferably 659.0 μm or less, and even more preferably 658.0 μm or less. By ensuring that the wear scar diameter of the kerosene composition is 660.0 μm or less, stable lubricity can be easily exhibited when blended into a kerosene composition.

[0114] The kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a freezing point of −47.0° C. or lower, more preferably −52.0° C. or lower, and even more preferably −57.0° C. or lower. The lower limit of the freezing point of the kerosene composition according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but the freezing point is usually −75.0° C. or higher. The kerosene composition of the present invention has a freezing point of −47.0° C. or lower, and therefore can easily exhibit excellent low-temperature fluidity.

[0115] The kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably has a flash point of 38.0 to 70.0°C, more preferably 39.0 to 69.0°C, and even more preferably 40.0 to 68.0°C. The flash point of the kerosene composition according to the present invention is within the above range, so that it can be handled easily and safely.

[0116] The kerosene composition according to the present invention can be prepared by mixing predetermined amounts of the above-mentioned isoparaffinic base stock, hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock, and high-pressure hydrogenation treated base stock as essential base stocks, and further mixing in known base stocks or additives within ranges that do not impair the effects of the present invention.

[0117] When the kerosene composition of the present invention is prepared by mixing the above-mentioned isoparaffinic base stock, hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock, and high-pressure hydrotreated base stock, the order of mixing is not particularly limited. For example, the kerosene composition according to the present invention may be prepared by mixing the above-mentioned hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock and high-pressure hydrotreated base stock, and then further mixing the resulting mixture with an isoparaffinic base stock.

[0118] The kerosene composition according to the present invention may contain various additives in addition to the above-mentioned base constituents. The additives include one or more selected from known fuel additives such as anti-icing agents, antioxidants, metal deactivators, anti-static agents, lubricity improvers, conductivity adjusters, and corrosion inhibitors.

[0119] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a kerosene composition that has suitable combustion characteristics as well as excellent lubricity and oxidation stability, even when the kerosene composition contains an isoparaffin-based base material as the main base material.

[0120] Next, the base material for a kerosene composition according to the present invention will be described. The base material for a kerosene composition according to the present invention is Sulfur content less than 10 ppm by mass, density at 15°C 0.7600 to 0.8200 g / cm 3 , a sulfur content of less than 10 ppm by mass and a density at 15°C of 0.7900 to 0.8600 g / cm 3 obtained from 29.4% by volume to 75.0% by volume of hydrodesulfurized kerosene base oil having a distillation range of 135.0°C to 290.0°C and a 90% by volume distillation temperature of 320 to 360°C, and a hydrotreated oil containing 37 to 65% by mass of aromatic hydrocarbons at a hydrogen partial pressure of 10 to 18 MPa. 3 and 17.6% by volume to 61.5% by volume of a high-pressure hydrogenation treatment base material having a distillation range of 140.0°C to 320.0°C.

[0121] The details of the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material and the high-pressure hydrogenated base material that constitute the base material for the kerosene composition according to the present invention are as described above.

[0122] The base stock for a kerosene composition according to the present invention contains the above-mentioned hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock in an amount of 29.4% by volume to 75.0% by volume, preferably 32.0% by volume to 73.5% by volume, and more preferably 34.0% by volume to 72.0% by volume. Furthermore, the base material for a kerosene composition according to the present invention contains the above-mentioned high-pressure hydrotreating base material in an amount of 17.6% by volume to 61.5% by volume, preferably 19.0% by volume to 60.0% by volume, and more preferably 20.0% by volume to 58.5% by volume.

[0123] The base stock for a kerosene composition according to the present invention preferably contains the above-mentioned hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock and high-pressure hydrogenation treated base stock in a total amount of 85.0 to 100.0% by volume, more preferably 90.0 to 100.0% by volume, and even more preferably 95.0 to 100.0% by volume.

[0124] The base material for a kerosene composition according to the present invention is preferably used for blending with an isoparaffin-based base material, and more specifically, it is more preferably used for blending with the isoparaffin-based base material described in detail in the explanation of the kerosene composition according to the present invention. The isoparaffin-based base material may be derived from biomass or may be synthesized from isobutene obtained from a petroleum refining process, and is preferably derived from biomass. When the isoparaffin-based base material is derived from biomass, it is preferably one produced using lipids (oils and fats) as a raw material or one synthesized using bioalcohol as a raw material. Specific examples of products produced using lipids as raw materials include those obtained by hydrogenating waste cooking oil and various lipids derived from common animal and vegetable oils, removing impurities, and then isomerizing the resulting paraffin fraction and subjecting it to appropriate fractional distillation. Furthermore, examples of those synthesized using bioalcohol as a raw material include those obtained by converting isobutanol produced by fermentation into isobutene through a dehydration reaction, polymerizing this to form an oligomer, and then subjecting the oligomer to appropriate fractional distillation.

[0125] The base stock for a kerosene composition according to the present invention is a mixture of the above-mentioned hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock and high-pressure hydrogenated base stock in specific proportions, and therefore, even when blended with an isoparaffin-based base stock, it has appropriate combustion characteristics and can easily exhibit excellent lubricity and oxidation stability.

[0126] The base material for a kerosene composition according to the present invention may contain various additives in addition to the above-mentioned base materials. The additives include one or more selected from known fuel additives such as anti-icing agents, antioxidants, metal deactivators, anti-static agents, lubricity improvers, conductivity adjusters, and corrosion inhibitors.

[0127] The base material for a kerosene composition according to the present invention is to be mixed with a kerosene oil having a sulfur content of less than 10 ppm by mass, an isoparaffin content of 85.0% by volume or more, an n-paraffin content of 7.0% by mass or less, an aromatic content of 0.5% by volume or less, and a density at 15°C of 0.7300 to 0.8000 g / cm 3 Examples of the isoparaffin-based base material include those having a distillation range of 140.0°C to 300.0°C. The details of the isoparaffin-based base material are as described above.

[0128] When the base material for a kerosene composition according to the present invention is mixed with the isoparaffinic base material, the content of the isoparaffinic base material in the resulting kerosene composition is preferably 15 to 50% by volume, more preferably 20 to 45% by volume, and even more preferably 25 to 40% by volume. When the base stock for a kerosene composition according to the present invention is mixed with the isoparaffinic base stock, the content of the hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock in the resulting kerosene composition is preferably 25 to 45% by volume, more preferably 27 to 43% by volume, and even more preferably 29 to 41% by volume. When the base material for a kerosene composition according to the present invention is mixed with the above-mentioned isoparaffinic base material, the content of the high-pressure hydrotreated base material in the resulting kerosene composition is preferably 15 to 40% by volume, more preferably 17 to 38% by volume, and even more preferably 19 to 36% by volume.

[0129] By mixing the base material for a kerosene composition according to the present invention with an isoparaffinic base material in the above-mentioned proportions, a kerosene composition having suitable combustion characteristics as well as excellent lubricity and oxidation stability can be easily prepared. The details of the kerosene composition obtained in this case are as described in the explanation of the kerosene composition according to the present invention.

[0130] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a base stock for a kerosene composition that can be suitably blended with an isoparaffin-based base stock. [Example]

[0131] The present invention will be described in more detail below based on examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples in any way.

[0132] (base material) The following substrates were used in the following examples and comparative examples. The properties of each substrate are shown in Table 1. Isoparaffin-based base material Contains 93.2% isoparaffin by volume. Hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material It is a kerosene fraction (straight-run kerosene) obtained by atmospheric distillation of Middle Eastern crude oil and then hydrodesulfurized. High-pressure hydrogen treatment substrate This is a high-pressure hydrotreated oil obtained by high-pressure hydrotreating a feedstock oil containing 44.3% by mass of aromatic hydrocarbons at a 90% volume distillation temperature (T90) of 352.0°C at a hydrogen partial pressure of 14 MPa, and then distilling the resulting oil.

[0133] [Table 1]

[0134] (Examples 1 to 5, Comparative Examples 1 to 17) The above-mentioned isoparaffinic base stock, hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock, and high-pressure hydrogenated base stock were blended in the proportions shown in Tables 2 to 5 below to prepare the kerosene compositions of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 17. The properties of each of the obtained kerosene compositions are shown in Tables 2 to 5.

[0135] [Table 2]

[0136] [Table 3]

[0137] [Table 4]

[0138] [Table 5]

[0139] Table 2 shows that the kerosene compositions obtained in Examples 1 to 5 are made by blending an isoparaffinic base material, a hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material, and a high-pressure hydrogenation treated base material, each of which has specific properties, in specific proportions. As a result, they have excellent combustibility with a smoke point of 24.0 mm or more, excellent lubricity with a low wear scar diameter of 632 to 658 μm, and excellent oxidation stability with a stability index greater than 0.00 and a long induction period of 70 to 81 minutes.

[0140] On the other hand, from Tables 3 to 5, it can be seen that the kerosene compositions obtained in Comparative Examples 1 to 17 did not contain specific proportions of isoparaffinic base material, hydrodesulfurized kerosene base material, or high-pressure hydrogenation treated base material, and therefore had smoke points of less than 24.0 mm and poor combustibility (Comparative Examples 6 to 11, and 17), wear scar diameters of more than 660 μm and poor lubricity (Comparative Examples 1 to 6, and 10 to 14), and had stability indexes of 0.00 or less and induction periods of less than 70 minutes, which were short, resulting in poor oxidation stability (Comparative Examples 7 to 10, 12, and 15 to 17). [Industrial Applicability]

[0141] According to the present invention, even when an isoparaffin-based base material is contained as the main base material, it is possible to provide a kerosene composition that has appropriate combustion characteristics and is excellent in lubricity and oxidation stability, and to provide a base material for a kerosene composition that can be suitably blended with an isoparaffin-based base material.

Claims

1. The sulfur content is less than 10 ppm by mass, the isoparaffin content is 85.0% by volume or more, the n-paraffin content is 7.0% by mass or less, the aromatic content is 0.5% by volume or less, and the density at 15°C is 0.7300 to 0.8000 g / cm ３ 15% to 50% by volume of an isoparaffinic base material having a distillation range of 140.0°C to 300.0°C; A sulfur content of less than 10 ppm by mass and a density at 15°C of 0.7600 to 0.8200 g / cm ３ 25% to 45% by volume of a hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock having a distillation range of 135.0°C to 290.0°C; A sulfur content of less than 10 ppm by mass and a density at 15°C of 0.7900 to 0.8600 g / cm3 obtained from a hydrotreated oil having a 90% by volume distillation temperature of 320 to 360°C and containing 37 to 65% by mass of aromatic hydrocarbons at a hydrogen partial pressure of 10 to 18 MPa. ３ , containing 15% by volume to 40% by volume of a high-pressure hydrotreating base material having a distillation range of 140.0°C to 320.0°C; Kinematic viscosity at 30°C is 1.450 mm ２ / seconds or more A kerosene composition characterized by:

2. The following formula (I) 2.5 × alkylbenzene content (volume %) − 5.2 × naphthenebenzene content (volume %) (I) 2. The kerosene composition according to claim 1, wherein the stability index calculated by the following formula is greater than 0.

00.

3. A sulfur content of less than 10 ppm by mass and a density at 15°C of 0.7600 to 0.8200 g / cm ３ 29.4% by volume to 75.0% by volume of a hydrodesulfurized kerosene base stock having a distillation range of 135.0°C to 290.0°C; A sulfur content of less than 10 ppm by mass and a density at 15°C of 0.7900 to 0.8600 g / cm3 obtained from a hydrotreated oil having a 90% by volume distillation temperature of 320 to 360°C and containing 37 to 65% by mass of aromatic hydrocarbons at a hydrogen partial pressure of 10 to 18 MPa. ３ and 17.6% to 61.5% by volume of a high-pressure hydrotreating base material having a distillation range of 140.0°C to 320.0°C. A base material for a kerosene composition characterized by:

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