Roof structure

Abstract

To provide a roof structure that makes an installation work of ceiling panels less complicated, reduces degradation of appearance of the ceiling panels, and makes it easier to ensure thermal insulation performance.SOLUTION: A roof structure 1 comprises transverse members 2, rafters 3, baseboards 4, hanging transverse members 6, ceiling panels 5, a first insulation material 7 and a second insulation material 8. The rafters 3 extend in a direction that intersects the transverse members 2 and are placed on the transverse members 2. The baseboards 4 are placed on the rafters 3. The hanging transverse members 6 extend in a direction intersecting the rafters 3 and are attached to the underside of the rafters 3. The ceiling panels 5 are attached to the underside 61 of the hanging transverse members 6. The first insulation material 7 is placed in inter-rafters space 11 formed between the rafters 3 so that a gap 17 is formed with the baseboard 4. The first insulation material 7 is a board-based insulation material with a thermal resistance of 1.7 (m2K / W) or higher. The second insulation material 8 is a fiber-based insulation material that is placed in inter space of transverse members 12 formed between the hanging transverse members 6, avoiding the transverse members 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to roof structures. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, insulating panels for roof underlayment have been known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The insulating panel for roof underlayment includes rafters, insulating material, and sheathing boards, and is supported by horizontal members such as a ridge beam, purlins, and eaves beams. The insulating material is, for example, a plate-shaped hard urethane, and its thickness is about 70% of the height of the rafters. The insulating material is dropped and fitted into the lower part of the space between adjacent rafters in a state of close contact with the rafters, so as to form a gap in the upper part between the adjacent rafters. The sheathing boards are placed on top of the rafters and insulating material, and are fixed to the rafters with nails or the like. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-241416 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In the roof structure described in Patent Document 1, when ceiling panels are placed along the undersides of the rafters and the cross members on which the rafters rest, the ceiling panels protrude downward in the shape of the cross members where the cross members are placed. The ceiling panels are positioned differently for each unit depending on the slope of the roof and the position of the cross members, which makes the installation of the ceiling panels complicated and, if an attic space is not formed, the protruding parts of the ceiling panels are visible from the rooms, which makes the appearance unattractive.

[0005] In addition, since the ceiling panels are mostly placed along the underside of the rafters, it is difficult to improve the insulation performance if the insulation material placed in the spaces between the rafters does not provide sufficient insulation performance.

[0006] The object of the present disclosure is to provide a roof structure that does not require complicated ceiling panel installation work, prevents the ceiling panels from becoming unattractive, and makes it easy to ensure thermal insulation performance. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the roof structure of the present disclosure comprises a cross member, a plurality of rafters, a sheathing board, a plurality of hanging horizontal members, a ceiling board, a first insulating material, and a second insulating material. The plurality of rafters extend in a direction intersecting the cross members and are placed on the cross members. The sheathing board is placed on the rafters. The plurality of hanging horizontal members extend in a direction intersecting the rafters and are attached to the undersides of the rafters. The ceiling board is attached to the undersides of the hanging horizontal members. The first insulating material is arranged in the inter-rafter spaces formed between the plurality of rafters so that a gap is formed between the sheathing board and the first insulating material. The first insulating material has a thermal resistance of 1.7 (m 2 The second insulating material is a board-based insulating material having a thermal insulation property of at least 1000 MPa (K / W). The second insulating material is a fiber-based insulating material that is placed in the spaces between the hanging horizontal members, avoiding the horizontal members. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] In the roof structure of the present disclosure, the installation work of the ceiling panels is not complicated, the appearance of the ceiling panels is prevented from being poor, and thermal insulation performance is easily ensured. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a vertical section taken along the eaves-ridge direction of one embodiment of the roof structure of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a vertical section cut along the eaves direction of the roof structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] (overview) The present disclosure relates to a roof structure 1. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a roof structure 1 having a characteristic configuration including a plurality of hanging horizontal members 6, a first insulating material 7, and a second insulating material 8 in addition to basic components such as a horizontal member 2, a plurality of rafters 3, a sheathing board 4, and a ceiling board 5.

[0011] (detail) A roof structure 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 1 and 2. First, the basic configuration of the roof structure 1 according to the present disclosure will be described.

[0012] (1) Basic structure of the roof structure The roof structure 1 basically comprises a cross member 2, a number of rafters 3, and sheathing boards 4. The roof is a sloped roof that slopes downward from the ridge side to the eaves side, such as a hip roof or a sheathing roof. The directions are defined as follows: the horizontal direction along the eaves is the eaves direction, and the direction perpendicular to the eaves direction and following the slope of the roof is the eaves-ridge direction.

[0013] (1.1) Cross member The cross members 2 are structural members that make up the roof, and are beams that make up the so-called ridge beam, purlin, eaves beam, etc. The cross members 2 extend in the eaves direction. That is, the cross members 2 extend with the eaves direction as their longitudinal direction.

[0014] In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1, the cross member 2 is made of an H-shaped steel having a web 21, an upper flange 22, and a lower flange 23. A plurality of cross members 2 are provided. The cross members 2 are arranged side by side at intervals in the eaves-ridge direction along the slope of the roof surface. The cross members 2 are fixed to and supported by pillars or other beams (not shown).

[0015] (1.2) Rafters The rafters 3 are structural materials that make up the roof. In this embodiment, the rafters 3 are made of wood with a rectangular cross section. A plurality of rafters 3 are provided. Each rafter 3 extends in a direction (in this embodiment, the eaves-ridge direction) that intersects at right angles with the direction in which the cross members 2 extend (in this embodiment, the eaves direction). The multiple rafters 3 are lined up at intervals in the eaves direction.

[0016] An inter-rafter space 11 is formed between adjacent rafters 3. The portion that the inter-rafter space 11 occupies in the horizontal direction (the direction intersecting with the rafters 3) is the portion between the adjacent rafters 3. The upper end of the inter-rafter space 11 corresponds to the lower surface of the sheathing board 4. The lower end of the inter-rafter space 11 corresponds to the surface connecting the lower ends of the rafters 3.

[0017] Each rafter 3 is placed on and fixed to a cross member 2. The multiple cross members 2 are arranged side by side at intervals in the eaves-ridge direction, and by being placed on these cross members 2, the extension direction of the rafters 3 is aligned with the slope of the roof.

[0018] (1.3) Field board The sheathing boards 4 are structural materials that make up the roof. In this embodiment, the sheathing boards 4 are made of structural plywood. The sheathing boards 4 are placed on and fixed to the rafters 3. The sheathing boards 4 extend in a planar shape in the eaves-ridge and eaves directions. The space below the sheathing boards 4 is an indoor space, and the space above the sheathing boards 4 is an outdoor space.

[0019] (1.4) Ceiling Panel The roof structure 1 includes ceiling panels 5. The ceiling panels 5 are disposed below the cross members 2. In the present disclosure, the ceiling panels 5 are suspended from a plurality of suspension cross members 6, which will be described later. The ceiling panels 5 are made of gypsum board.

[0020] (1.5) Roofing materials Roofing materials 15 and the like are placed as appropriate on the sheathing boards 4. For example, an underlayment material 14 such as asphalt roofing is laid on the sheathing boards 4, and a roofing material 15 made of a folded plate roof, roof tiles, or the like is placed on the underlayment material 14.

[0021] (2) Hanging crosspiece The hanging horizontal members 6 hang the ceiling boards 5. There are provided a plurality of hanging horizontal members 6. The hanging horizontal members 6 extend in a direction intersecting the rafters 3 at right angles (in the eaves direction in this embodiment).

[0022] In this embodiment, the hanging cross member 6 is made of wood with a rectangular cross section. The hanging cross member 6 is attached to the underside of the rafter 3. The hanging cross member is attached to the rafter 3 by nailing or bolting.

[0023] The ceiling panel 5 is attached to the underside 61 of the hanging horizontal member 6. An L-shaped member 13 is attached to the lower end of the side surface 62 of the hanging horizontal member 6. The L-shaped member 13 is a member for attaching the ceiling panel 5 to the hanging horizontal member 6. The L-shaped member 13 is composed of an angle member having a pair of side pieces 131, 132. One side piece 131 of the L-shaped member 13 is attached to the lower end of the side surface 62 of the hanging horizontal member 6 using an appropriate attachment method such as screws. As a result, the other side piece 132 of the L-shaped member 13 is positioned along the extension plane of the underside 61 of the hanging horizontal member 6 (an imaginary plane on which the upper surface 51 of the ceiling panel 5 is located), and the upper surface 51 of the ceiling panel 5 is attached to the underside of this other side piece 132 using an appropriate attachment method such as screws. Note that in FIG. 1 , only some of the L-shaped members 13 are shown, and other L-shaped members 13 are omitted.

[0024] Inter-bar spaces 12 are formed between adjacent hanging cross-bars 6. The portion that the inter-bar spaces 12 occupy in the horizontal direction (the direction intersecting the hanging cross-bars 6) is the portion between adjacent hanging cross-bars 6. The upper ends of the inter-bar spaces 12 correspond to the plane that connects the lower ends of the rafters 3. In other words, the upper ends of the inter-bar spaces 12 contact the lower ends of the rafters 3 and the lower ends of the inter-rafter spaces 11. In addition, the lower ends of the inter-bar spaces 12 correspond to the upper surface 51 of the ceiling board 5.

[0025] (3) Duct The roof structure 1 further includes a duct 16. The duct 16 is a duct 16 for sending air from a heat pump device to each room for, for example, whole-house air conditioning.

[0026] The duct 16 is disposed in the inter-beam space 12. In this embodiment, a portion of the duct 16 is disposed in the inter-side-piece space 130 formed between a pair of side pieces 131, 132 of the L-shaped member 13. In particular, as shown in FIG. 1 , the duct 16 is disposed in the inter-side-piece space 130 of the L-shaped member 13 attached to the side surface 62 located above the hanging cross member 6. The side surface 62 located above the hanging cross member 6 faces upward from the horizontal because the rafters 3 to which the hanging cross member 6 is attached are inclined along the roof surface. Therefore, the pair of side pieces 131, 132 of the L-shaped member 13 also face upward from the horizontal, and the inter-side-piece space 130 also opens upward from the horizontal. The duct 16 is placed on at least one of the pair of side pieces 131, 132 (in this embodiment, both side pieces 131, 132). This allows the L-shaped member 13 for attaching the ceiling board 5 to the hanging horizontal member 6 to also be used to support the duct 16, eliminating the need for a special member for supporting the duct 16.

[0027] (4) Heat insulation The roof structure 1 comprises a thermal insulation material. In the present disclosure, the roof structure 1 comprises a first thermal insulation material 7 and a second thermal insulation material 8.

[0028] (4.1) First insulation The first insulating material 7 is placed in the inter-rafter space 11 so that a gap 17 is formed between the first insulating material 7 and the sheathing board 4. The first insulating material 7 is placed on the upper surface of the hanging cross member 6.

[0029] The first insulating material 7 is made of a so-called board-based insulating material. Board-based insulating materials are made of, for example, urethane, foam polystyrene, etc. Note that, as this type of board-based insulating material, any of those that have been widely used in the past can be used as appropriate, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0030] The board-based insulation material as the first insulation material 7 is 1.7 (m 2 The thermal resistance of the first heat insulating material 7 is 1.7 (m 2By setting the thermal conductivity at or above 100 K / W, it is possible to obtain the effect that it is not necessary to take into consideration the influence of thermal bridges including the rafters 3 in the design.

[0031] (4.2) Secondary insulation The second insulating material 8 is placed in the space 12 between the cross members. At this time, the second insulating material 8 is placed so as to avoid interference with the cross members 2 and the duct 16. The second insulating material 8 is placed on the upper surface of the ceiling board 5. No gap is formed between the second insulating material 8 and the ceiling board 5.

[0032] The second insulating material 8 is made of a so-called fiber insulating material. Fiber insulating materials are made of, for example, glass wool or rock wool. The thermal resistance of the second insulating material 8 is preferably set to the amount of the thermal resistance of the first insulating material 7 that is insufficient to provide the required overall thermal resistance. In this embodiment, the thermal resistance of the second insulating material 8 is 0.5 (m 2 K / W). As such a fiber-based heat insulating material, any of those that have been widely used in the past can be used as appropriate, and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted.

[0033] (5) Summary In the above-described embodiment, the ceiling board 5 is attached to the hanging cross member 6 attached to the underside of the rafter 3, so there is no need to bend and attach the ceiling board 5 at the position of the cross member 2 as in the conventional case, and the installation work of the ceiling board 5 is not complicated.

[0034] Furthermore, the ceiling board 5 can be made flat, preventing it from looking bad.

[0035] Furthermore, by attaching the hanging cross member 6 to the underside of the rafter 3 to form a space 12 between the cross members, a space can be formed in which to place the second insulating material 8, which improves the insulating performance and makes it easier to ensure the insulating performance.

[0036] Furthermore, since the hanging cross members 6 extend in a direction intersecting the direction in which the rafters 3 extend, the contact area between the rafters 3 and the hanging cross members 6 can be small, and the formation of thermal bridges is suppressed.

[0037] (6) Variations The roof to which the roof structure 1 of the present disclosure is applied does not have to slope downward from the ridge side to the eaves side, it may slope upward from the ridge side to the eaves side, or it does not necessarily have to be sloped like a flat roof.

[0038] The cross member 2 does not have to extend strictly in the eaves direction, and may extend in a direction deviated from the eaves direction, but the direction in which the cross member 2 extends is closer to the eaves direction than to the ridge direction.

[0039] The cross members 2 may be made of square timber, channel timber, etc. instead of H-shaped steel, and the shape is not limited. The material constituting the cross members 2 may be wood or the like, and is not limited to metal.

[0040] The rafters 3 may be made of metal such as square timber or channel timber instead of wood, and there is no limitation on the material. Also, there is no limitation on the cross-sectional shape of the rafters 3.

[0041] The extending direction of each rafter 3 does not have to intersect at a right angle with the extending direction of the cross member 2, and the angle at which they intersect is not limited. Each rafter 3 may extend in a direction deviated from the eaves-ridge direction, but in this case, the extending direction of the rafter 3 is closer to the eaves-ridge direction than to the eaves direction.

[0042] The sheathing board 4 may be made of other wood materials or lumber instead of structural plywood, or may be made of materials other than wood or lumber, and is not limited to any particular material.

[0043] The ceiling board 5 does not have to be made of gypsum board, and the material of the ceiling board 5 is not limited.

[0044] The configuration of the roofing material 15 is not particularly limited.

[0045] The cross member 2 does not have to extend strictly in the eaves direction, and may extend in a direction deviated from the eaves direction, but the direction in which the cross member 2 extends is closer to the eaves direction than to the ridge direction.

[0046] The hanging horizontal member 6 may be made of metal such as square timber or channel timber instead of wood, and there is no limitation on the material. Also, there is no limitation on the cross-sectional shape of the hanging horizontal member 6.

[0047] The ceiling board 5 may be attached to the hanging horizontal member 6 without using the L-shaped member 13, and the ceiling board 5 may be attached to the hanging horizontal member 6 by other methods.

[0048] Duct 16 does not have to be arranged for air conditioning. Furthermore, a pipe for transporting a liquid may be arranged instead of duct 16. Furthermore, duct 16 is an optional configuration in roof structure 1 of the present disclosure, and does not have to be provided in roof structure 1.

[0049] The first insulating material 7 does not have to be placed on the upper surface of the hanging cross member 6. As long as the first insulating material 7 is stably arranged in the inter-rafter space 11, there is no particular limitation on the member to which the first insulating material 7 is attached.

[0050] The shape, thickness, size, material, etc. of the first heat insulating material 7 and the second heat insulating material 8 are not particularly limited.

[0051] The thermal resistance of the first insulating material 7 is 2.0 (m 2 K / W) or more, 2.5(m 2 K / W) or more or 3.0 (m 2 K / W) or more, 1.7(m 2 The value may be set to a suitable value equal to or greater than the above (K / W).

[0052] A gap may be formed between the second insulating material 8 and the ceiling board 5 .

[0053] The second insulating material 8 may be filled into the spaces 12 between the horizontal members without any gaps, or gaps may be formed in some of the spaces 12 between the horizontal members.

[0054] The thermal resistance of the second insulating material 8 is, for example, 0 (m 2 K / W) and 0.5 (m 2 K / W) or less, 0(m 2K / W) and 1.0 (m 2 K / W) or less, 0(m 2 K / W) and 3.0 (m 2 K / W or less.

[0055] (7) Mode As is clear from the above-described embodiment and its modified examples, the roof structure 1 of the first aspect comprises a cross member 2, a plurality of rafters 3, sheathing boards 4, a plurality of hanging horizontal members 6, a ceiling board 5, a first insulating material 7, and a second insulating material 8. The plurality of rafters 3 extend in a direction intersecting with the cross members 2 and are placed on the cross members 2. The sheathing boards 4 are placed on the rafters 3. The plurality of hanging horizontal members 6 extend in a direction intersecting with the rafters 3 and are attached to the undersides of the rafters 3. The ceiling boards 5 are attached to the undersides 61 of the hanging horizontal members 6. The first insulating material 7 is arranged in the inter-rafter spaces 11 formed between the plurality of rafters 3 so that a gap 17 is formed between the sheathing boards 4 and the first insulating material 7. The first insulating material 7 has a thermal resistance of 1.7 (m 2 The second insulating material 8 is a fiber-based insulating material that is placed in the inter-horizontal space 12 formed between the multiple hanging horizontal members 6, avoiding the cross members 2.

[0056] According to the first aspect, there is no need to bend and attach the ceiling panels 5 at the position of the cross members 2, making the installation work of the ceiling panels 5 less complicated. Also, the ceiling panels 5 can be made flat, preventing them from looking unsightly. Furthermore, by attaching the hanging cross members 6 to the undersides of the rafters 3 to form spaces 12 between the cross members, it is possible to form space in which to place the second insulating material 8, which improves and makes it easier to ensure thermal insulation performance.

[0057] The second aspect can be realized by combining the first aspect. In the second aspect, the roof structure 1 further includes an L-shaped member 13 and a duct 16. The L-shaped member 13 is a member for attaching the ceiling panel 5 to the hanging horizontal member 6. The duct 16 is disposed in the inter-horizontal member space 12. The L-shaped member 13 has a pair of side pieces 131, 132 and an inter-side piece space 130 formed between the pair of side pieces 131, 132. The duct 16 is disposed in the inter-side piece space 130 and placed on at least one of the pair of side pieces 131, 132.

[0058] According to the second aspect, the L-shaped member 13 for attaching the ceiling board 5 to the hanging cross member 6 can also be used to support the duct 16, eliminating the need for a special member for supporting the duct 16. [Explanation of symbols]

[0059] 1. Roof structure 11 Rafter space 12 Space between cross members 13 L-shaped member 130 Side space 131 Side piece 132 Side piece 14 Underlayment material 15 Roofing materials 16 Duct 17 Gap 2 Cross members 21 Web 22 Upper flange 23 Lower flange 3 Rafters 4 Field board 5 Ceiling Panels 51 Top side 6 Hanging crosspiece 61 Bottom surface 62 Side 7. First Insulation 8 Secondary insulation

Claims

1. A cross member, A plurality of rafters extending in a direction intersecting the cross member and placed on the cross member; A sheathing board placed on the rafters; a plurality of hanging cross members extending in a direction transverse to the rafters and attached to the undersides of the rafters; a ceiling board attached to the underside of the hanging horizontal member; a first insulating material; and a second insulating material; The first insulating material is arranged in the inter-rafter space formed between the plurality of rafters so as to form a gap between the sheathing board and the first insulating material, and has a thermal resistance of 1.7 (m ２ It is a board-based insulation material with a thermal insulation rating of 100% or more (K / W) or higher. The second insulating material is a fiber-based insulating material arranged in the inter-horizontal space formed between the plurality of hanging horizontal members, avoiding the horizontal members. Roof structure.

2. an L-shaped member for attaching the ceiling panel to the hanging horizontal member; a duct disposed in the space between the cross members, The L-shaped member has a pair of side pieces and a space between the pair of side pieces, The duct is disposed in the space between the side pieces and is placed on at least one of the pair of side pieces. The roof structure of claim 1.

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