Lightweight, reduced pressure hydrogen supply suitable for hydrogen energy handheld torches

Abstract

A lightweight reduced pressure hydrogen supply device suitable for a hydrogen energy handheld torch includes a cylinder mouth valve (3), a pressure reducing valve (4), an opening / closing assembly (5), an opening / closing execution member, and a gas cylinder cap (8). The pressure reducing valve (4) has three connection ports: a lower connection port (4-1) connected to the gas cylinder cap (8), an upper connection port (4-2) connected to the burner (2), and a side connection port (4-3) for mounting the opening / closing assembly (5). The opening / closing execution member and the cylinder mouth valve (3) are attached inside the gas cylinder cap (8). The opening / closing assembly (5) controls the opening / closing execution member to realize the opening and closing of the cylinder mouth valve (3). The cylinder mouth valve (3) is connected to the cylinder mouth of the gas cylinder (1) and is used to open and close the gas cylinder. This lightweight reduced pressure hydrogen supply device is used to open and close gas cylinders, reduce pressure of high pressure hydrogen, and seal hydrogen by connecting the gas cylinder and burner in series in a hydrogen energy handheld torch combustion system. It solves problems such as large pressure reduction ratio pressure reduction, highly reliable sealing, and low opening and closing torque, and has advantages such as a wide temperature range, small size, and light weight.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] [CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS] This application claims priority to a Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on December 6, 2021, bearing application number 202111481514.X and entitled "Lightweight reduced pressure hydrogen supply device suitable for hydrogen energy handheld torches," the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to the field of valves, and more particularly to a lightweight, reduced pressure hydrogen supply device suitable for hydrogen energy handheld torches. [Background technology]

[0003] Handheld torches are often used for the torch relay at various large-scale sports events, and because the torch relay is held outdoors, the external environment has a significant impact on the torch's combustion. Currently, the torch fuel used at home and abroad is mainly propane, which vaporizes in the gas cylinder and is then supplied to the burner. During use, the torch flame is prone to going out due to problems such as poor resistance to low temperatures, wind, and rain.

[0004] With China proposing gradual goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, hydrogen, whose only combustion product is water, is today's cleanest energy source and one of the clean energy sources with the greatest potential for development in the 21st century. Hydrogen burns quickly, remains resistant to fire once ignited, and is wind and rain resistant. Its critical temperature is -198°C, meaning it exists only as a gas at room temperature. Hydrogen burns directly after being released from the gas cylinder and reaching the burner, making it more suitable for low-temperature environments. Therefore, hydrogen as a torch fuel can better solve the challenges of traditional torches while also conveying scientific, technological, and green spiritual significance to the audience.

[0005] Because hydrogen exists only as a gas at room temperature, ensuring a consistent combustion time within the limited volume of a gas cylinder requires increasing the storage pressure, which can reach 70 MPa G, far exceeding that of conventional torches. Hydrogen's extremely small molecular weight requires a more reliable seal. Furthermore, handheld torches have strict requirements for the size and weight of each component. This necessitates a lightweight, reduced-pressure hydrogen supply suitable for hydrogen-powered handheld torches. The lightweight reduced-pressure hydrogen supply connects the gas cylinder and burner in series in a torch combustion system. After opening the gas cylinder to release the high-pressure hydrogen, the supply is reduced, providing a consistent flow rate of hydrogen and the required pressure for the burner. This solves problems such as a large reduction ratio, high-precision pressure stabilization, reliable sealing, and low opening and closing torque, while also offering the advantages of compact size and light weight. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a lightweight, reduced pressure hydrogen supply device suitable for a hydrogen energy handheld torch in order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is a lightweight, reduced-pressure hydrogen supply device suitable for a hydrogen-powered handheld torch, which is used to connect a gas cylinder and a burner in the torch, and includes a cylinder mouth valve, a pressure reducing valve, an opening / closing assembly, an opening / closing execution member, and a gas cylinder cap; The pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the pressure of high-pressure hydrogen, and has three connection ports: a lower connection port connected to the gas cylinder cap, an upper connection port connected to a burner, and a side connection port for attaching an opening and closing assembly. An opening and closing execution member and a cylinder mouth valve are attached to the gas cylinder cap, and the opening and closing assembly controls the opening and closing execution member to open and close the cylinder mouth valve. The cylinder mouth valve is connected to the cylinder mouth of the gas cylinder and is used to open and close the gas cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the opening / closing assembly comprises a cam, a gasket, and a pressure nut; The cam is attached to the side connection port of the pressure reducing valve and is divided into four sections along the axis of the connection port. The outermost section is connected to the side connection port by a pressure nut, which presses against the gasket and the outermost section. The second section adjacent to the outermost section has a groove in it, and a cam opening / closing position control mechanism is installed in this groove to prevent the valve from closing automatically. The third section is a cam convex surface, positioned corresponding to the opening / closing execution member. The cam convex surface changes the opening and closing mode of the cylinder mouth valve from linear to rotational. Seal rings are installed in the second and fourth sections, and the double seal ring structure offsets the axial force applied to the cam. A key slot is installed on the end face of the outermost section, which provides the driving force for the cam rotation.

[0009] Preferably, the position of the opening / closing position regulating structure is such that when the cam is rotated in one direction, the cam convex surface presses down on the ejector pin, opening the cylinder mouth valve, and when the cam is rotated in the other direction, the cam convex surface disengages from the ejector pin, closing the cylinder mouth valve. The position regulation of the rotation in the above two directions is realized by the contact between the opening / closing position regulating structure and the two end faces of the groove.

[0010] Preferably, in the process of opening the cylinder mouth valve, the tip of the cam convex surface rotates to the lowest point, and then continues to move until it reaches the open position restriction position, with the tip of the cam convex surface and the vertical direction forming a small included angle β, the range of β being 3° to 18°, and preferably 5° to 10°.

[0011] Preferably, the opening / closing member includes an ejector pin and a spring, The ejector pin has a stepped cylindrical structure with a spherical upper surface and is disposed in the central through-hole of the gas cylinder cap, the spherical surface contacts the convex surface of the cam, the bottom surface of the ejector pin contacts the cylinder mouth valve to provide thrust for opening, and a spring is mounted in compression within the stepped surface of the ejector pin and the stepped surface of the central through-hole.

[0012] Preferably, the pressure reducing valve comprises a valve body, a piston assembly, a valve cover, and a spring, a cylinder is provided at the upper end of the valve body, a step is provided on the outer bottom of the cylinder, the spring is mounted in compression on the step, the piston assembly has a small end mounted within the cylinder and a large end mounted in the internal cavity of the valve cover, the valve body is provided with a first pressure reducing structure communicating with the cylinder, a high-pressure chamber is provided below the first pressure reducing structure and communicating with the valve inlet, the valve cover is provided with a second pressure reducing structure communicating with the valve outlet, the piston assembly is provided with a double seal structure which connects the piston assembly, valve cover, and valve body to form a low-pressure chamber of the pressure reducer, the second pressure reducing structure communicates with the low-pressure chamber, the valve outlet is provided with an upper connection port, and the valve inlet is provided with a lower connection port and a side connection port communicating with the high-pressure chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the second pressure reduction structure is a throat hole with a noise reduction structure, and the noise reduction structure is a plurality of noise reduction passages arranged above and below the throat hole to reduce noise generated by the high-speed flow of gas, and the noise reduction passages include a throat hole passage located above the throat hole and having a diameter of d4, and a throat hole passage located below the throat hole and having a diameter of d3, and funnel-structured passages are provided between the two throat hole passages and the throat hole of the noise reduction structure, with the diameter of the small end of the upper funnel-structured passage matching the throat hole diameter and the diameter of the small end of the lower funnel-structured passage being d3.

[0014] Preferably, the diameter ratio d3 / d2 of the throat hole passage in the noise reduction passage to the second-stage pressure reduction structure is 1.1 to 2.4, preferably 1.3 to 1.8, and d4 / d2 is 1.5 to 3.2, preferably 1.7 to 2.6.

[0015] Preferably, the diameter ratio d1 / d2 between the first pressure reduction structure and the second pressure reduction structure is 1.1 to 2, and more preferably 1.4 to 1.7.

[0016] Preferably, the piston assembly is composed of four stepped cylindrical surfaces whose diameters increase sequentially from the small end, the end face of the cylindrical surface at the smallest end is fitted with a non-metallic material to protect the first-stage pressure reduction structure, guide holes are provided around the side surfaces toward the center, converge at the center, and communicate with the guide holes on the central axis and the inner hole at the large end, and seal rings are provided on the outside of the cylindrical surface at the largest end and the outside of the cylindrical surface with the second smallest diameter, thereby realizing a sealing connection with the internal cavity of the valve cover and the cylinder of the valve body, respectively.

[0017] Preferably, the diameter ratio D1 / D2 between the cylinder at the largest end and the cylinder with the second smallest diameter is 2 to 2.8, and more preferably 2.2 to 2.5.

[0018] Preferably, the cylinder mouth valve is a cylinder mouth valve comprising a valve body, a valve core assembly, a spring, a spring cavity, and a seal ring; The spring cavity is connected to the valve body, and the valve core assembly and spring are disposed within the spring cavity. The valve body is provided with a valve body sealing lip. A seal is achieved between the valve body sealing lip and the valve core assembly by pressing a non-metallic material to achieve the sealing pressure ratio of the material, and the spring provides the sealing force to the valve core assembly. A seal ring is provided on the outside of the valve body to ensure a seal with the gas cylinder. The spring cavity is provided with a through-hole as a hydrogen inlet, and the valve core assembly is provided with a hydrogen inlet and a central valve channel. When the cylinder mouth valve is opened, the sealing force provided by the spring to the valve core assembly resists the upward force of the medium received by the valve core assembly under pressure, and hydrogen passes through the hydrogen inlet, spring cavity, hydrogen inlet and central valve channel and enters and flows out of the central through-hole of the valve body, thereby releasing hydrogen.

[0019] Preferably, the valve core assembly includes a valve core and a non-metallic structural member. The valve core has a central valve core, a bottom cylinder, and a large-diameter structure between them for mounting the non-metallic structural member. The central valve core has a central flow passage along the axial direction, and a hydrogen inlet hole on the side wall of the central flow passage. The bottom cylinder is used to mount one end of a spring. The mounting position of the non-metallic structural member corresponds to the position of the valve body seal lip. The direction in which the non-metallic structural member receives force differs from the direction in which the material deforms during sealing, making it suitable for use with hydrogen under different pressures.

[0020] Preferably, the non-metallic structural member is an annular member, and if the cross-sectional shape of the annular member is rectangular, it is attached by insert molding and is suitable for use under hydrogen pressure of 10 MPa G or less; if the cross-sectional shape of the annular member is isosceles trapezoid, it is attached by injection molding and is suitable for use under hydrogen pressure of 20 MPa G or less; and the direction in which the force of the valve core assembly is applied and the direction in which the material is deformed form a wide angle, making it suitable for use under hydrogen pressure of less than 70 MPa G.

[0021] Preferably, the non-metallic structural member is a stepped annular member, and the surface excluding the stepped surface is fitted over and attached to the large-diameter structure of the valve core assembly, the stepped surface fitting around the outer edge of the valve body seal lip at an enveloping angle of 90° to ensure sealing in both the radial and axial directions, and the valve body seal lip and the valve core assembly are provided with metal stoppers to prevent the valve body seal lip from crushing the non-metallic structural member in the axial direction under high-pressure conditions.

[0022] Preferably, the diameter d1 of the valve body seal lip that is compatible with a valve core assembly in which a non-metallic material is insert-molded is in the range of 2 to 10 mm, and preferably in the range of 2.5 to 8 mm; the diameter d2 of the valve body seal lip that is compatible with a valve core assembly in which a non-metallic material is injection-molded is in the range of 2 to 8 mm, and preferably in the range of 2.5 to 7 mm; and the diameter d3 of the valve body seal lip that is compatible with a valve core assembly in which a seal ring is extrusion-molded is in the range of 2 to 5 mm, and preferably in the range of 2.5 to 4 mm.

[0023] Preferably, the reduced pressure hydrogen supply device has an applicable pressure of 1 MPa G to 70 MPa G, an operating temperature of -40°C to 60°C, a weight of less than 230 g, an axial size of less than 180 mm, and a radial size of less than 60 mm. [Effects of the Invention]

[0024] The present invention has the following advantageous effects compared to the prior art. 1. The pressure reducing valve of the present invention reduces the pressure of the released high-pressure hydrogen and stabilizes the pressure before supplying it to the burner. The opening and closing assembly and fixing mechanism of the reduced pressure hydrogen supply device are integrated into the pressure reducing valve through the connection port and lug of the pressure reducing valve. 2. The cam of this invention is equipped with a double seal, which offsets the axial force of the cam according to the principle of force balance. Furthermore, the use of a gasket made of a low-friction material effectively reduces the opening and closing torque of the cylinder mouth valve, bringing it to less than 4 N·m. 3. The opening and closing position control structure (screw) and the arc-shaped groove of the cam in this invention form a mechanical opening and closing position control mechanism for the device, which controls the rotation angle of the cam, ensures that the cylinder mouth valve opens and closes to a specified position, and prevents the valve from closing automatically. 4. In the present invention, a gas guide hole is provided in the ejector pin, and after the high-pressure hydrogen is released from the cylinder mouth valve, it enters the pressure reducing valve through the gas guide hole in the ejector pin. 5. In the present invention, the gas cylinder cap connects the gas cylinder and the pressure reducing valve together, the ejector pin and the small spring are disposed on the gas cylinder cap, and the cylinder mouth valve is attached to the gas cylinder mouth. Thus, the gas cylinder cap connects the cylinder mouth valve, the pressure reducing valve and the opening and closing parts to form a lightweight pressure reducing hydrogen supply device. 6. The lightweight reduced-pressure hydrogen supply device of the present invention is used to integrally connect a gas cylinder and a burner in a torch combustion system. It is used for opening and closing gas cylinders, reducing the pressure of high-pressure hydrogen, and sealing hydrogen. It solves problems such as reducing pressure at a large pressure reduction ratio, reliable sealing, and low opening and closing torque. It has advantages such as a wide temperature range, compact size, and light weight. The applicable pressure of the device is 1 MPa G to 70 MPa G, the operating temperature is -40°C to 60°C, the weight is less than 230 g, the axial size is less than 180 mm, and the radial size is less than 60 mm. 7. The cylinder mouth valve of the present invention has the features of reliable sealing, small size and light weight, and also has the function of filling hydrogen. 8. The single spring high-pressure reducer of the present invention is composed of only four metal components, with a simple structure, precise and compact components, which realizes a lightweight and compact design of the valve. The single spring high-pressure reducer of the present invention has reliable performance, is less prone to breakdowns, and is highly reliable, with only one moving part. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0025] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lightweight reduced pressure hydrogen supply device of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the balance of forces in the closure assembly of the present invention. [Figure 3-1] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the opening / closing assembly and the ejector pin position in the fully closed position of the present invention. [Figure 3-2] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the opening / closing assembly of the present invention in the fully open position and the ejector pin position. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of hydrogen through an ejector pin of the present invention. [Figure 5] 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylinder mouth valve of the present invention. [Figure 6] 1A-1C are schematic diagrams illustrating the sealing principle of the valve core assembly under different operating conditions. [Figure 7] 1 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of hydrogen when the one-way cylinder mouth valve is open. [Figure 8] 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single spring high-pressure reducer of the present invention; FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a piston assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with examples.

[0027] The lightweight, reduced pressure hydrogen supply device suitable for a hydrogen energy handheld torch provided by the present invention will be described in more detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] As shown in FIG. 1, the lightweight reduced-pressure hydrogen supply device connects a gas cylinder 1 and a burner 2 in a torch combustion system together, and includes a cylinder mouth valve 3, a pressure reducing valve 4, an opening / closing assembly 5, a small spring 6, an ejector pin 7, and a gas cylinder cap 8.

[0029] As shown in FIG. 1, the cylinder mouth valve 3 is attached to the cylinder mouth of the gas cylinder 1 and is used to open and close the gas cylinder 1. The cylinder mouth valve 3 is screwed onto the gas cylinder 1 and is provided with a seal ring.

[0030] As shown in Figure 1, pressure reducing valve 4 has three ports: lower port 4-1 is threadedly connected to gas cylinder cap 11 and is equipped with a sealing ring; upper port 4-2 is threadedly connected to burner 2 and is equipped with a sealing gasket; and side port 4-3 is equipped with an opening / closing assembly 5. Pressure reducing valve 4 is further equipped with two lugs 4-4, the lug angle α of which can be changed depending on the actual use. The screws are tightened to secure the lightweight pressure reducing hydrogen supply device, and the opening / closing assembly and fixing mechanism of the device are integrated via the pressure reducing valve.

[0031] The valve assembly includes a cam 5-1, a gasket 5-2, a pressure nut 5-3, and a screw 5-4. The pressure nut 5-3 is threaded onto the valve's side connection 4-3, compressing the gasket 5-2 and the cam 5-1. As shown in Figure 2, the cam is attached to the valve's side connection and divided into four sections along the axis of the connection. The outermost section 5-1 is connected to the side connection 4-3 by a pressure nut 5-3, which presses against the gasket 5-2 and the outermost section. The second section adjacent to the outermost section has a groove 5-13. The screw 5-4 is fitted into the groove to restrict the cam's opening and closing positions and prevent the valve from closing automatically. The third section is a cam convex surface 5-11, positioned corresponding to the opening / closing element. This cam convex surface changes the cylinder mouth valve's opening / closing mode from linear to rotary. The second and fourth sections are equipped with seal rings 5-14, which offset the axial force applied to the cam with a double seal ring structure. The outermost section has a key slot 5-12 on its end face, which provides the driving force for the cam's rotation. When the cam is rotated counterclockwise, the cam convex surface 5-11 pushes down the ejector pin 7, opening the cylinder mouth valve 3. When the cam 5-1 is rotated clockwise, the cam convex surface 5-11 disengages from the ejector pin 7, closing the cylinder mouth valve 3.

[0032] As shown in Figure 3-1, the screw 5-4 is attached to the threaded hole of the side connection port 4-3 of the pressure reducing valve, and the screw 5-4 is located in the cam groove 5-13, forming a mechanical position control mechanism for opening and closing the device, and the cam 5-1 can only rotate within the range of the groove 5-13.

[0033] As shown in Figure 3-1, the screw 5-4 fits tightly against one end of the cam groove 5-13, restricting the position to the closed position. When the cam is rotated counterclockwise, the cylinder mouth valve 3 opens, and the tip of the cam convex surface 5-11 continues to move even after it has reached its lowest point until the tip of the convex surface and the vertical direction form a small included angle β, the range of β being 3° to 18°, preferably 5° to 10°. When the screw 5-4 fits tightly against the other end of the cam groove 5-13, the cam cannot rotate further counterclockwise, restricting the position to the open position. As shown in Figure 3-2, the opening force of the cylinder mouth valve 3 is an action force exerted by the cam on the ejector pin 7. At the same time, the ejector pin 7 exerts a reaction force on the cam, which is applied to the cam convex surface 5-11. When in the fully open position, the reaction force causes the cam to rotate counterclockwise. The position restriction mechanism in the open position can restrict the rotation of the cam, preventing the valve from automatically closing due to the reaction force.

[0034] As shown in Figure 2, the cam 5-1 is fitted with a double seal ring 5-14. The two seal rings are the same size, and the bidirectional axial forces F1 and F2 of the cam are offset according to the principle of force balance. The gasket 5-2 is made of a low-friction material to reduce the frictional force during cam rotation. By offsetting the axial forces of the cam, and with the low friction coefficient of the gasket 5-2, the opening and closing torque of the cylinder mouth valve 3 is effectively reduced to less than 4 N·m.

[0035] As shown in Figure 4, the small spring 6 is mounted on the annular step 8-1 of the gas cylinder cap, and the ejector pin 7 is located inside the small spring. After the high-pressure hydrogen is released from the cylinder mouth valve 3, it passes through the gas guide hole 7-1 in the ejector pin and enters the pressure reducing valve 4. Both ends of the gas cylinder cap 8 are provided with threads for threading onto the gas cylinder 1 and the pressure reducing valve 4, respectively.

[0036] As shown in Figure 4, the small spring 6 is mounted on the annular step of the gas cylinder cap 8, and the ejector pin 7 is disposed within the small spring 6. The ejector pin has a gas guide hole. After the high-pressure hydrogen is released from the cylinder mouth valve 3, it enters the pressure reducing valve 4 through the gas guide hole 7-1 in the ejector pin.

[0037] As shown in Figure 1, the gas cylinder cap 8 is screwed onto the gas cylinder 1 and the pressure reducing valve 4, respectively, to connect the gas cylinder 1 and the pressure reducing valve 4 together, and is provided with a sealing ring to ensure a seal. A small spring 6 and an ejector pin 7 are attached to the gas cylinder cap 8, and the cylinder mouth valve 3 is attached to the gas cylinder 1, so that the gas cylinder cap 8 connects the cylinder mouth valve 3, the pressure reducing valve 4, the opening and closing assembly 5, the small spring 6, and the ejector pin 7 together, resulting in a lightweight pressure reducing hydrogen supply device with a compact two-stage structure in appearance, which provides a suitable valve solution for hydrogen energy handheld torches.

[0038] The pressure reducing valve 4 has a gas cylinder cap 8 connected to its lower part, a burner 2 connected to its upper part, and an opening / closing assembly 5 attached to its side, so that the opening / closing assembly 5 and the fixing mechanism 4-4 of the lightweight pressure reducing hydrogen supply device are integrated into one unit. The device of the present invention has a compact two-stage structure, with the pressure reducing valve 4 at the top and the gas cylinder cap 8 at the bottom, and the remaining components are built-in. This provides a suitable valve solution for hydrogen energy handheld torches.

[0039] The lightweight reduced-pressure hydrogen supply device utilizes appropriate materials for each component. The cylinder mouth valve 3 and opening / closing assembly 5 are made of high-strength steel, the gasket 5-2 is made of low-friction material, the pressure-reducing valve 4 and gas cylinder cap 8 are made of low-density metal, and the sealing ring is made of a material with a wide temperature range. This ensures strength, sealing, and temperature requirements are met, as well as weight and size. The device's applicable pressure is 1 MPa to 70 MPa, its operating temperature is -40°C to 60°C, its weight is less than 230 g, and its axial and radial dimensions are less than 180 mm and 60 mm, respectively. The lightweight reduced-pressure hydrogen supply device for hydrogen handheld torches described above connects the gas cylinder and burner in a hydrogen handheld torch combustion system, solving problems such as high pressure reduction, reliable sealing, and low opening / closing torque, while offering the advantages of a wide temperature range, compact size, and lightweight design.

[0040] In the present invention, the cylinder mouth valve and pressure reducing valve can be made of products that can achieve the above functions in the prior art, and the present invention provides preferred and unique realization modes, which will be described below.

[0041] 1. Cylinder mouth valve As shown in Figure 5, the present invention is a one-way cylinder mouth valve, structurally comprising a valve body 1, a valve core assembly 2, a spring 3, a spring cavity 4, and a seal ring 5. The valve core assembly 2 and spring 3 are disposed within the spring cavity 4, the valve body 1 is connected to the spring cavity 4 via an internal thread, and the valve body 1 is connected to the gas cylinder via an external thread, and a seal ring 5 is provided on the outside of the valve body 1 to ensure a seal between the valve and the gas cylinder. The valve core assembly 2 and spring 3 are disposed within the spring cavity 4, the valve body 1 is connected to the spring cavity 4 via an internal thread, and the valve body 1 is connected to the gas cylinder via an external thread, and a seal ring 5 is provided on the outside of the valve body 1 to ensure a seal between the valve and the gas cylinder, and the valve body 1 has a hydrogen filling function. The one-way cylinder mouth valve is configured with different valve core assembly structures depending on the operating pressure, including those with insert-molded or injection-molded non-metallic materials, and those with extruded sealing rings. Valve core assemblies with insert-molded or injection-molded non-metallic materials receive force perpendicular to the material's deformation direction, making them suitable for use under hydrogen pressures of less than 20 MPa G. Valve core assemblies with extruded sealing rings receive force in a direction perpendicular to the material's deformation direction, making them suitable for use under hydrogen pressures of 70 MPa G.

[0042] As shown in Figure 5, the valve body 1 has an internal thread connecting it to the spring cavity 4, and an external thread connecting the one-way cylinder mouth valve to the gas cylinder. A seal ring 5 is attached to the exterior of the valve to ensure a seal between the valve and the gas cylinder. An annular seal lip 1-1, which serves as the sealing surface for the valve body 1, is attached to the upper end of the valve body's internal cavity. A spring 3 is attached within the spring cavity 4, and its spring force provides a sealing force to the valve core assembly 2. Furthermore, the valve core assembly 2 receives an upward pressure from the medium under pressure, ensuring a seal for high-pressure hydrogen. The valve core assembly 2 can be made in various forms, including insert-molded or injection-molded non-metallic materials, or with an extrusion-molded seal ring. The specific form can be selected based on the operating pressure.

[0043] The one-way cylinder mouth valve features a reliable seal, compact size, and lightweight design, and is equipped with a hydrogen filling function, meeting the needs of gas cylinders in hydrogen-powered handheld torches. Figures 6a-6c show different valve core assembly configurations (2) for different operating pressures. The valve core assembly (2) features a gas guide hole (2-1). Figure 6a shows a non-metallic insert-molded valve, such as polytetrafluoroethylene or nylon, suitable for operating pressures of 10 MPa. Figure 6b shows a non-metallic injection-molded valve, such as polyetheretherketone resin or polyimide, suitable for operating pressures of 20 MPa. Figure 6c shows a valve core assembly with an extrusion-molded seal ring, suitable for operating pressures of 70 MPa. The sealing principle of the valve core assemblies shown in Figures 6a and 6b is that the valve body seal lip 1-1 presses vertically against the non-metallic material 2-2 of the valve core assembly until the sealing pressure ratio of the material is reached, achieving a seal. This two-part valve core assembly structure provides a small sealing structure, reduces the pressure from the medium, and reduces the valve opening force. The diameter d1 of the valve body seal lip that mates with a valve core assembly made of insert-molded non-metallic material is in the range of 2 to 10 mm, preferably 2.5 to 8 mm. The diameter d2 of the valve body seal lip that mates with a valve core assembly made of injection-molded non-metallic material is in the range of 2 to 8 mm, preferably 2.5 to 7 mm. The diameter d3 of the valve body seal lip that mates with a valve core assembly made of extrusion-molded sealing ring is in the range of 2 to 5 mm, preferably 2.5 to 4 mm.

[0044] Figure 6c shows a valve core assembly with an extruded seal ring, a seal structure consisting of a soft and hard portion tightly joined together. The sealing principle of this valve core assembly is that the seal ring 2-3 wraps around the outer edge of the valve body seal lip 1-1 at a 90° enveloping angle, ensuring a seal in both the radial and axial directions. A metal stopper 2-4 is attached to the valve body seal lip and the valve core assembly to prevent the valve body seal lip 1-1 from crushing the seal ring 2-3 axially under high pressure. This valve core assembly structure still allows for a small seal size d3, ranging from 2 to 5 mm, preferably 2.5 to 4 mm. This allows for high medium pressures but small forces on the valve core assembly, minimizing the opening and closing force of the cylinder mouth valve, meeting the needs of high pressure and low opening force requirements.

[0045] As shown in Figure 7, when the one-way cylinder mouth valve receives a downward opening force, the valve core assembly 2 generates a downward displacement against the force of the medium and the spring, and hydrogen passes through the spring cavity 4 and the valve core assembly flow path sequentially, realizing the hydrogen release function. When the valve is open, hydrogen flows in the reverse direction, realizing the hydrogen filling function. As shown in Figure 1, when the opening force is released, the valve core assembly 2 automatically returns to its original position due to the upward force from the medium and the spring force, and the valve closes.

[0046] As shown in Figure 5, the spring 3 is installed in the spring cavity 4, which provides a sealing force for the valve core assembly, which is made of a non-metallic material and is insert-molded or injection-molded. As shown in Figure 1, the spring cavity 4 and the valve body 1 are threaded together, and the valve core assembly 2 and spring 3 are placed in the spring cavity 4. The lower end of the spring cavity 4 is provided with a through-hole 4-1, which is the inlet of the cylinder mouth valve.

[0047] 2. Pressure reducing valve 8 and 9, the single spring high-pressure reducer of the present invention comprises a valve body 1, a piston assembly 2, a valve cover 3, and a spring 4. The spring 4 is attached to a step at the upper end of the valve body 1, the small end of the piston assembly 2 is attached to the cylinder 1-1 at the upper end of the valve body, the valve body 1 is screwed into the valve cover 3, the large end of the piston assembly 2 is located within the valve cover 3, and the piston assembly 2 is provided with a double seal ring to ensure sealing.

[0048] A cylinder 1-1 is provided at the top end of the valve body, and a throat hole 1-2 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder 1-1, forming the first-stage pressure reduction structure of the valve. Below the first-stage pressure reduction structure is a high-pressure chamber, and the pressure in the high-pressure chamber is the same as the pressure at the valve inlet.

[0049] The piston assembly 2 is fitted with a double seal ring 2-1 on the outside and a gas guide hole 2-2 inside. The piston assembly 2 consists of a piston 2-3 and a non-metallic material 2-4 fitted to its small end face. The piston has four stepped cylindrical surfaces of increasing diameter. The end face of the smallest cylindrical surface is fitted with a non-metallic material. The non-metallic material protects the first-stage pressure reducing structure 1-2 of the valve body and prevents mechanical damage. The piston has guide holes extending from the periphery toward the center, converging to the center and connecting to the guide hole on the central axis and the inner bore at the large end. A seal ring is fitted on the outside of the cylindrical surface at the largest end and the outside of the second-smallest cylindrical surface. That is, the double seal ring 2-1 connects the piston assembly, valve cover, and valve body, forming the low-pressure chamber of the pressure reducer. The structure in Figure 8 shows only the essential parts, omitting the three connecting ports. Here, an upper connection port is provided at the outlet of the valve, and a lower connection port and a side connection port communicating with the high-pressure chamber are provided at the inlet of the valve.

[0050] The top of the valve cover 3 is provided with a throat hole 3-1, which is the second-stage pressure reduction structure of the pressure reducer. The area between the first-stage pressure reduction structure 1-2 and the second-stage pressure reduction structure 3-1 is a low-pressure chamber. The pressure in the low-pressure chamber is related to the spring force, the sensing area of ​​the piston assembly 2, and the second-stage pressure reduction structure 3-1. The pressure after the second-stage pressure reduction structure 3-1 is the outlet pressure. Multiple noise reduction channels are provided above and below the second-stage pressure reduction structure 3-1. As shown in FIG. 1, first-stage noise reduction channels 3-21 and 3-22 are provided above and below the second-stage pressure reduction structure 3-1, respectively. The channels gradually narrow at a certain angle to 3-21 and 3-22, then gradually expand at a certain angle. Multiple noise reduction channels can be provided above and below the second-stage pressure reduction structure as needed. The noise reduction channels and the second-stage pressure reduction structure can be formed by threading or welding, effectively reducing noise generated by high-speed gas flow. The diameter ratio d3 / d2 between the lower noise-reducing passage of the second-stage pressure reduction structure and the second-stage pressure reduction structure is 1.1 to 2.4, preferably 1.3 to 1.8. The diameter ratio d4 / d2 between the upper noise-reducing passage of the second-stage pressure reduction structure and the second-stage pressure reduction structure is 1.5 to 3.2, preferably 1.7 to 2.6. The valve cover 3 has multiple side holes 3-3, which allow the spring 4 mounting space to communicate with the outside. This prevents changes in air pressure in the space due to spring movement from affecting pressure reduction performance and effectively reduces the overall weight of the valve. The valve body 1 and valve cover 3 are pressure comparison components of the pressure reducer. The two-stage pressure reduction structure allows for appropriate pressure distribution between the high-pressure chamber, low-pressure chamber, and outlet. The diameter d1 / d2 of the two-stage pressure reduction throat hole is in the range of 1.1 to 2, preferably 1.4 to 1.7. The pressure in the low-pressure chamber is directly related to the spring force, the size of the second-stage pressure reduction structure, and the sensing area of ​​the piston assembly. The sensing area of ​​the piston assembly is mainly determined by the diameter D1, with D1 / D2 ranging from 2 to 2.8, preferably from 2.2 to 2.5.

[0051] The valve body 1 and valve cover 3 are the pressure comparison components of the pressure reducer and form a two-stage pressure reduction structure, with the diameter ratio d1 / d2 between the first and second pressure reduction structures being 1.1 to 2, preferably 1.4 to 1.7. After appropriately distributing the pressures of the high-pressure chamber, low-pressure chamber, and outlet, the pressure reducer outputs the required outlet pressure and hydrogen flow rate. The sizes d1 and d2 of the pressure reduction structure are both larger than the size of the valve port using a single-stage pressure reduction structure, making it easier to process and improving processing precision.

[0052] The spring 4 is attached to the stepped surface 1-3 at the upper end of the valve body, and its upper end is in close contact with the bottom 2-5 of the large end of the piston assembly. The spring force is balanced with the medium force acting on the sensing area of ​​the piston assembly 2. The valve inlet / outlet direction and the spring movement direction are coaxial, which reduces the radial size of the valve and reduces the installation space for the valve.

[0053] The operating principle of the present invention is as follows. When high-pressure hydrogen enters the high-pressure chamber of the valve, the piston assembly and the first-stage pressure reducing structure are separated, so the hydrogen passes through the first and second-stage pressure reducing structures in sequence and flows out. Because the size of the first-stage pressure reducing structure is larger than that of the second-stage pressure reducing structure, the pressure in the low-pressure chamber gradually increases as the high-pressure gas flows in, and the piston assembly is subjected to the downward medium force of the low-pressure chamber and resists the upward spring force, moving downward until the resultant forces are balanced. At this point, the output pressure of the pressure reducer is reached and a constant flow of hydrogen is provided to the burner.

[0054] The above has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. The present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and the contents described in the specification are merely the principles of the present invention. The present invention can be modified and improved in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are included within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0055] The parts not described in detail in the present invention are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A lightweight, reduced-pressure hydrogen supply device suitable for a hydrogen-powered handheld torch, for connecting a gas cylinder and a burner in the torch, comprising a cylinder mouth valve, a pressure reducing valve, an opening / closing assembly, an opening / closing execution member, and a gas cylinder cap; The pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the pressure of high-pressure hydrogen, and has three connection ports: a lower connection port connected to a gas cylinder cap, an upper connection port connected to a burner, and a side connection port for attaching an opening and closing assembly; an opening and closing execution member and a cylinder mouth valve are attached to the gas cylinder cap; the opening and closing assembly controls the opening and closing execution member to open and close the cylinder mouth valve; and the cylinder mouth valve is connected to the cylinder mouth of the gas cylinder and is used to open and close the gas cylinder; the opening / closing assembly includes a cam, a gasket, and a pressure nut; The cam is attached to the side connection port of the pressure reducing valve and is divided into four parts along the axis of the connection port. The outermost part is connected to the side connection port by a pressure nut, which presses the gasket and the outermost part. A groove is formed in the second part adjacent to the outermost part, and a cam opening / closing position control structure is installed in the groove to prevent the valve from automatically closing. The third part is a cam convex surface, whose position corresponds to the opening / closing execution member. The cam convex surface changes the opening and closing mode of the cylinder port valve from linear to rotation. Seal rings are provided in the second and fourth parts, and the double seal ring structure cancels out the axial force applied to the cam. A key slot is provided on the end face of the outermost part, which provides the driving force for the cam rotation. A lightweight, reduced pressure hydrogen supply device suitable for hydrogen energy handheld torches.

2. The position of the opening / closing position regulating structure is such that when the cam is rotated in one direction, the cam convex surface presses down the ejector pin, opening the cylinder mouth valve; when the cam is rotated in the other direction, the cam convex surface disengages from the ejector pin, closing the cylinder mouth valve; and the contact between the opening / closing position regulating structure and the two end faces of the groove realizes the position regulation of the rotation in the two directions.

2. The reduced pressure hydrogen supply device according to claim 1.

3. During the process of opening the cylinder mouth valve, the tip of the cam convex surface rotates to the lowest point, and then continues to move until it reaches the open position restriction position, with the tip of the cam convex surface and the vertical direction forming a small included angle β, the range of β being 3° to 18°.

3. The reduced pressure hydrogen supply device according to claim 2.

4. The opening / closing member includes an ejector pin and a spring. The ejector pin has a stepped cylindrical structure with a spherical upper surface, and is disposed in the central through-hole of the gas cylinder cap, the spherical surface contacting the convex cam surface, and the bottom surface of the ejector pin contacts the cylinder mouth valve to provide thrust for opening, and a spring is mounted in compression within the stepped surface of the ejector pin and the stepped surface of the central through-hole.

2. The reduced pressure hydrogen supply device according to claim 1.

5. A lightweight, reduced-pressure hydrogen supply device suitable for a hydrogen-powered handheld torch, for connecting a gas cylinder and a burner in the torch, comprising a cylinder mouth valve, a pressure reducing valve, an opening / closing assembly, an opening / closing execution member, and a gas cylinder cap; The pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the pressure of high-pressure hydrogen, and has three connection ports: a lower connection port connected to a gas cylinder cap, an upper connection port connected to a burner, and a side connection port for attaching an opening and closing assembly; an opening and closing execution member and a cylinder mouth valve are attached to the gas cylinder cap; the opening and closing assembly controls the opening and closing execution member to open and close the cylinder mouth valve; and the cylinder mouth valve is connected to the cylinder mouth of the gas cylinder and is used to open and close the gas cylinder; the pressure reducing valve comprises a valve body, a piston assembly, a valve cover and a spring, a cylinder is provided at the upper end of the valve body and a step is provided on the outer bottom of the cylinder, the spring is mounted in compression on the step, the piston assembly has a small end mounted within the cylinder and a large end mounted in the internal cavity of the valve cover, the valve body is provided with a first pressure reducing structure communicating with the cylinder, a high pressure chamber communicating with a valve inlet is provided below the first pressure reducing structure, the valve cover is provided with a second pressure reducing structure communicating with a valve outlet, the piston assembly is provided with a double seal structure which connects the piston assembly, the valve cover and the valve body to form a low pressure chamber of the pressure reducer, the second pressure reducing structure communicates with the low pressure chamber, the valve outlet is provided with an upper connection port, and the valve inlet is provided with a lower connection port and a side connection port communicating with the high pressure chamber. A reduced pressure hydrogen supply device.

6. The second pressure reduction structure is a throat hole with a noise reduction structure, and the noise reduction structure is a plurality of noise reduction passages provided above and below the throat hole to reduce noise generated by the high-speed flow of gas, and the noise reduction passages include a throat hole passage located above the throat hole and having a diameter of d4, and a throat hole passage located below the throat hole and having a diameter of d3, and funnel-structured passages are provided between the two throat hole passages and the throat hole of the noise reduction structure, respectively, and the diameter of the small end of the upper funnel-structured passage is the same as the throat hole diameter, and the diameter of the small end of the lower funnel-structured passage is d3.

6. The reduced pressure hydrogen supply device according to claim 5.

7. The diameter ratio d3 / d2 of the throat hole flow path in the noise reduction flow path to the second-stage pressure reduction structure is 1.1 to 2.4, and d4 / d2 is 1.5 to 3.2, and a plurality of noise reduction flow paths are provided above and below the second-stage pressure reduction structure.

7. The reduced pressure hydrogen supply device according to claim 6.

8. The diameter ratio d1 / d2 of the first pressure reduction structure and the second pressure reduction structure is 1.1 to 2.

7. The reduced pressure hydrogen supply device according to claim 6.

9. The piston assembly is composed of four stepped cylindrical surfaces whose diameters increase sequentially from the small end, and the end face of the cylindrical surface at the smallest end is fitted with a non-metallic material to protect the first-stage pressure reduction structure, and guide holes are provided from the periphery of the side toward the center, converging to the center and communicating with the guide hole on the central axis and the inner hole at the large end, and seal rings are provided on the outside of the cylindrical surface at the largest end and the outside of the cylindrical surface with the second smallest diameter, thereby realizing sealing connections with the internal cavity of the valve cover and the cylinder of the valve body, respectively.

6. The reduced pressure hydrogen supply device according to claim 5.

10. The diameter ratio D1 / D2 between the largest diameter cylinder and the second smallest diameter cylinder is 2 to 2.

8.

10. The reduced pressure hydrogen supply device according to claim 9.

11. A lightweight, reduced-pressure hydrogen supply device suitable for a hydrogen-powered handheld torch, for connecting a gas cylinder and a burner in the torch, comprising a cylinder mouth valve, a pressure reducing valve, an opening / closing assembly, an opening / closing execution member, and a gas cylinder cap; The pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the pressure of high-pressure hydrogen, and has three connection ports: a lower connection port connected to a gas cylinder cap, an upper connection port connected to a burner, and a side connection port for attaching an opening and closing assembly; an opening and closing execution member and a cylinder mouth valve are attached to the gas cylinder cap; the opening and closing assembly controls the opening and closing execution member to open and close the cylinder mouth valve; and the cylinder mouth valve is connected to the cylinder mouth of the gas cylinder and is used to open and close the gas cylinder; The cylinder mouth valve comprises a valve body, a valve core assembly, a spring, a spring cavity, and a seal ring. The spring cavity is connected to the valve body, and the valve core assembly and spring are disposed in the spring cavity. The valve body is provided with a valve body seal lip, and a seal is achieved between the valve body seal lip and the valve core assembly by pressing a non-metallic material to achieve a sealing pressure ratio of the material, and the spring provides a sealing force to the valve core assembly. A seal ring is provided on the outside of the valve body to ensure a seal with the gas cylinder. The spring cavity is provided with a through-hole as a hydrogen inlet, and the valve core assembly is provided with a hydrogen inlet hole and a central valve core passage. When the cylinder mouth valve is opened, the sealing force provided by the spring to the valve core assembly is resisted against the upward medium force received by the valve core assembly under pressure, and hydrogen passes through the hydrogen inlet, spring cavity, hydrogen inlet hole and central valve core passage and enters and flows out of the central through-hole of the valve body, thereby realizing hydrogen release. A reduced pressure hydrogen supply device.

12. The valve core assembly includes a valve core and a non-metallic structural member. The valve core has a central valve core, a bottom cylinder, and a large-diameter structure between them for mounting the non-metallic structural member. The central valve core has a central flow passage along the axial direction, and a hydrogen inlet hole on the side wall of the central flow passage. The bottom cylinder is used to mount one end of a spring. The mounting position of the non-metallic structural member corresponds to the position of the valve body seal lip. The force direction of the non-metallic structural member differs from the deformation direction of the material during sealing, making it suitable for use under hydrogen pressure conditions. The reduced pressure hydrogen supply device according to claim 11.

13. The non-metallic structural member is an annular member, and if the cross-sectional shape of the annular member is rectangular, it is attached by insert molding and is suitable for use under hydrogen pressure of 10 MPa G or less; if the cross-sectional shape of the annular member is isosceles trapezoid, it is attached by injection molding and is suitable for use under hydrogen pressure of 20 MPa G or less; and the direction in which the force of the valve core assembly is applied and the direction in which the material is deformed form a wide angle, and it is suitable for use under hydrogen pressure of less than 70 MPa G.

13. The reduced pressure hydrogen supply device according to claim 12.

14. the non-metallic structural member is a stepped annular member, the surface except the stepped surface is fitted to the large-diameter structure of the valve core assembly, the stepped surface fits around the outer edge of the valve body seal lip at an enveloping angle of 90° to ensure sealing in both the radial and axial directions, and the valve body seal lip and the valve core assembly are provided with metal stoppers to prevent the valve body seal lip from crushing the non-metallic structural member in the axial direction under high pressure conditions; 14. The reduced pressure hydrogen supply device according to claim 13.

15. The diameter d1 of the valve body seal lip that is compatible with the valve core assembly in which the non-metallic material is insert-molded is in the range of 2 to 10 mm, the diameter d2 of the valve body seal lip that is compatible with the valve core assembly in which the non-metallic material is injection-molded is in the range of 2 to 8 mm, and the diameter d3 of the valve body seal lip that is compatible with the valve core assembly in which the seal ring is extrusion-molded is in the range of 2 to 5 mm.

14. The reduced pressure hydrogen supply device according to claim 13.

16. The device has an applied pressure of 1 MPa G to 70 MPa G, an operating temperature of -40°C to 60°C, a weight of less than 230 g, an axial size of less than 180 mm, and a radial size of less than 60 mm. The reduced pressure hydrogen supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

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