Refractory structure

Abstract

To provide a fire-resistant structure that exhibits sufficient fire-resistant function with a simple configuration. [Solution] A fire-resistant structure comprising a steel frame member, a wood covering material arranged around the steel frame member with a gap between them and having a surface facing the steel frame member, and a fall prevention material attached to the surface and extending along the surface to prevent the surface from falling off.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to fire-resistant structures. [Background technology]

[0002] As shown in Patent Document 1, a method is known in which a fire-resistant structure is constructed by covering steel frame members with a covering material. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2023-017342 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In the past, it was difficult to maintain fire resistance over a long period of time.

[0005] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and has as its object to provide a fire-resistant structure that exhibits sufficient fire-resistant performance with a simple configuration. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides, in one aspect, a fire-resistant structure comprising: a steel frame member; a wood covering material arranged around the steel frame member with a gap therebetween and having a surface facing the steel frame member; and a fall prevention material attached to the surface and extending along the surface to prevent the surface from falling off. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the above configuration, it is possible to provide a fire-resistant structure that exhibits sufficient fire-resistant function with a simple configuration. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a fire-resistant structure according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] 1 is a perspective view of a fire-resistant structure according to an embodiment, showing a state in which the fire-resistant covering material and the like are partially disassembled. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the upper part of the fire-resistant structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the lower part of the fire-resistant structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a side view of a fire-resistant covering and plate member according to an embodiment. [Figure 6] 1A and 1B are side views of a fire-resistant covering material, a plate member, and a fall-prevention material according to an embodiment, showing (a) a case where the fall-prevention material is made of a fiber member, and (b) a case where the fall-prevention material is made of a wire mesh. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the area within the frame VII in FIG. [Figure 8] This is a modified fireproof structure, and the part corresponding to frame VII in Figure 1 is shown in each of Figures (a) to (c). [Figure 9] This is a modified fireproof structure, and enlarged views of the part corresponding to box VII in Figure 1 are shown in (a) and (b). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] <Embodiment> A fire-resistant structure 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings.

[0010] As shown in Figures 1 to 7, the fire-resistant structure 10 comprises a steel frame member 1, a wooden fire-resistant covering material 2, plate members 42, 43, and 44, a plurality of wood screws 5, bolts 61 and 62, nuts 63, fasteners 7, a fall prevention material 8, and a blocking material 9.

[0011] The steel frame member 1 is formed from steel material extending in the axial direction (shown in Figs. 1 and 2) and is mainly used as a column member that supports the load of a structure such as a building. Although a square steel pipe may be used for the steel frame member 1 as in this embodiment, members of any shape, such as H-shaped steel or circular steel pipe, may also be used.

[0012] The fire-resistant covering material 2 is a flat plate-shaped member made of CLT (Cross Laminated Timber). Alternatively, the fire-resistant covering material 2 may be made of LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber), laminated timber, plywood, or the like.

[0013] Four fire-resistant covering materials 2 are arranged so as to surround the steel frame member 1 in a rectangular shape in cross section. Each fire-resistant covering material 2 extends over almost the entire length of the steel frame member 1 in the axial direction, and is spaced apart from the side surface of the steel frame member 1 over the entire length, facing the side surface of the steel frame member 1. As shown in each figure, both ends of one fire-resistant covering material 2 in cross section are in contact with the blocking material 9 and are joined and supported by wood screws 5.

[0014] In a cross-sectional view, both ends of the fire-resistant covering material 2 form a 45-degree angle with the side surface of the steel frame member 1, and are abutted against the ends of adjacent fire-resistant covering materials 2 via abutment members 91. The two adjacent fire-resistant covering materials 2 form an inside corner portion 2A facing the steel frame member 1 and an outside corner portion 2B facing outward (Figure 1).

[0015] The fire-resistant covering material 2 is a component that provides fire-resistant covering to the steel frame member 1. The cross-sectional dimensions of the fire-resistant covering material 2 are set so that it will not burn out within the fire-resistance time. Furthermore, the fire-resistant covering material 2 carbonizes during a fire to form a carbonized layer (thermal insulating layer), thereby suppressing the transfer of heat to the steel frame member 1. The cross-sectional dimensions of the fire-resistant covering material 2 are set so that it will not burn out during the heating (fire) time, but will burn out after the heating (fire) has ended. While wood is combustible, it has high insulating properties, and by setting the dimensions so that it will not burn out during heating (fire), the transfer of heat to the steel frame member 1 is suppressed.

[0016] The thickness of the fire-resistant coating material 2 is set appropriately depending on the required fire resistance. More specifically, the thickness of the fire-resistant coating material 2 is set to 30 mm (millimeters) or more when heating for 1 hour, 60 mm or more when heating for 2 hours, and 90 mm or more when heating for 3 hours. This is because wood is expected to carbonize at a rate of about 0.5 mm / min.

[0017] Plate members 42, 43, and 44 are flat steel plates arranged between the steel frame member 1 and the fire-resistant covering material 2. Plate member 42 is fixed to the fire-resistant covering material 2, plate member 43 is fixed to the upper side surface of the steel frame member 1, and plate member 44 is fixed to the lower side surface of the steel frame member 1.

[0018] Two plate members 42 are arranged for each fire-resistant covering material 2. Each plate member 42 extends in the axial direction, and through holes 42B into which wood screws 5 are inserted are formed so as to be aligned in the axial direction. The openings 42B are elongated holes extending in the axial direction, and are provided to prevent the plate members 42 from falling off even if they expand due to a temperature rise. As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the plate members 42 are fixed to the fire-resistant covering material 2 with wood screws 5.

[0019] An opening 42A that penetrates the plate member 42 is formed at the upper end of the plate member 42, and a bolt 61 is inserted into the opening 42A. The opening 42A is an elongated hole that extends in the axial direction and is provided to absorb construction errors. The plate member 42 is supported by the steel frame member 1 via the bolt 61. The plate member 42 also supports the fire-resistant covering material 2.

[0020] The plate members 43 are rectangular flat steel pieces fixed to the upper side surfaces of the steel frame members 1 so as to follow the side surfaces of the steel frame members 1. Each plate member 43 extends in a substantially horizontal direction. Bolts 61 (Figs. 2 and 3) are fixed to both ends of each plate member 43 so as to extend horizontally. The plate members 43 have the function of supporting the fire-resistant covering material 2 via the plate members 42 and the bolts 61.

[0021] The plate members 44 are rectangular flat steel pieces welded to the lower side surfaces of the steel frame members 1 so as to extend perpendicular to the side surfaces. Each plate member 43 extends in a substantially horizontal direction. Each plate member 44 has openings 44A formed at both ends thereof that penetrate in the vertical direction. The inner periphery of the openings 44A is internally threaded, allowing bolts 62 to be attached so as to extend vertically. The plate members 43 function to support the lower part of the fire-resistant covering material 2 via the bolts 62.

[0022] The bolt 61 is fixed to the plate member 43. In addition, a nut 63 is fastened to the bolt 61, and the plate member 42 is sandwiched between the nut 63 and the plate member 43. The bolt 61 and the nut 63 function as members for attaching the plate member 42 to the plate member 43. The plate member 42 and the fire-resistant covering material 2 are suspended from and supported by the bolt 61.

[0023] As shown in Fig. 4, the bolt 62 is screwed into the opening 44A and connected to the plate member 44. The upper end of the bolt 62 contacts and supports the lower end surface of the fire-resistant covering material 2. When installing the fire-resistant covering material 2, the worker can easily adjust the installation position of the fire-resistant covering material 2 in the vertical direction by adjusting the length to which the bolt 62 is screwed into the plate member 44.

[0024] The fastener 7 is a member used to secure the fall-prevention material 8 to the fire-resistant covering material 2. The fastener 7 is driven into the fire-resistant covering material 2, and secures the fall-prevention material 8 to the fire-resistant covering material 2 by sandwiching and pressing the fall-prevention material 8 between the fastener 7 and the fire-resistant covering material 2. Examples of the fastener 7 include wood staples, nails, and wood screws. In this embodiment, a staple is used as the fastener 7.

[0025] The fall prevention material 8 is placed between the fire-resistant covering material 2 and the steel frame member 1, and is placed so as to cover the fire-resistant covering material 2 along the surface of the fire-resistant covering material 2. The fall prevention material 8 is fixed to the fire-resistant covering material 2 by fasteners 7. The fall prevention material 8 is not in contact with the steel frame member 1, and a gap is formed between the fall prevention material 8 and the steel frame member 1.

[0026] The fall prevention material 8 can be made of various materials, but as shown in FIG. 6(a), the fall prevention material 8 can be made of a non-combustible material 81 made of glass fiber formed into a felt or blanket shape. The non-combustible material 81 supports the surface of the fire-resistant covering material 2 via the fasteners 7, thereby preventing the surface of the fire-resistant covering material 2 from collapsing and falling off or peeling off. Examples of materials for the non-combustible material 81 include glass wool, rock wool, fire-resistant blanket, and AES.

[0027] As shown in Fig. 6(b), the fall prevention material 8 may be composed of a wire mesh 82. The wire mesh 82 is made of a metal material and is a non-flammable, flame-retardant member. By arranging the wire mesh 82 along the surface of the fire-resistant covering material 2 and supporting the fire-resistant covering material 2 via the fasteners 7, it is possible to prevent the surface of the fire-resistant covering material 2 from collapsing and falling off or peeling off.

[0028] The fall prevention material 8 does not necessarily have to be disposed on the entire surface of the fire-resistant covering material 2. In this case, the fire-resistant covering material 2 directly faces the steel frame member 1 in the areas not covered with the fall prevention material 8.

[0029] Here, "directly facing" or "directly facing" refers to a state in which two members face each other or face each other without any other member in between.

[0030] The blocking material 9 is a material that fills the gaps between components. The blocking material 9 includes a butting member 91 and a filler material 94. Gaps are provided between components to absorb construction errors, but by making the blocking material 9 out of a material that is somewhat flexible, it can fill these gaps while also contributing to absorbing errors of several millimeters, dramatically improving workability.

[0031] The abutment members 91 are members arranged at both horizontal ends of the fire-resistant covering material 2 in a cross-sectional view. As shown in Figs. 1 and 7, the abutment members 91 are arranged at four locations corresponding to the corners of the steel frame member 1. Each abutment member 91 is made of a non-combustible material or a heat insulating material, and has the function of preventing heat from being transferred from the outside of the fire-resistant structure 10 to the steel frame member 1.

[0032] Each abutting member 91 is sandwiched between two adjacent fire-resistant covering materials 2, and forms an abutting portion of the two fire-resistant covering materials 2. Each abutting member 91 extends over the entire length of the fire-resistant covering materials 2 in the axial direction, and closes the gap between the fire-resistant covering materials 2. The abutting members 91 are formed in a rectangular and plate shape, and have a length in the axial direction that is approximately the same as the entire length of the fire-resistant covering materials 2. The abutting members 91 are sandwiched and held between the two fire-resistant covering materials 2.

[0033] The butting member 91 is a material formed into a felt or blanket shape using a non-flammable fiber material, and has the function of preventing heat transfer to the steel frame member 1. Examples of fibers used for the butting member 91 include AES, rock wool, fireproof blanket, and glass wool.

[0034] 3 and 4, the filler 94 is a fire-resistant member arranged to cover the upper and lower parts of the fire-resistant covering material 2. Covering with the filler 94 prevents heat transfer to the steel frame member 1 and the plate members 43 and 44. Examples of materials for the filler 94 include glass wool, rock wool, fire-resistant blanket, and AES.

[0035] <Modification> (1) Gasket 8(a) to 8(c) show a modified abutment member 191. The abutment member 191 includes a fire-resistant blanket 911 and a finishing material 913 that covers the protruding corner portion 2B of the fire-resistant covering material 2.

[0036] The fire-resistant blanket 911 is a material formed into a felt or blanket shape using a non-flammable fiber material, and has the function of preventing heat transfer to the steel frame member 1. Examples of fibers used for the fire-resistant blanket 911 include AES, rock wool, and glass wool.

[0037] As shown in each of FIGS. 8(a) to 8(c), the finishing material 913 can have various cross-sectional shapes such as a triangular shape, an arc shape, a rectangular shape, and the like.

[0038] (2) Gasket 9(a) shows a modified abutting member 291. The abutting member 291 includes a fire-resistant blanket 911 and aluminum hydroxide paper 912 that covers the inside corner of the fire-resistant blanket 911.

[0039] The aluminum hydroxide paper 912 is a foil-like member made of aluminum hydroxide, and is folded so as to form a fold line extending in the axial direction on the side of the steel frame member 1. As shown in Figure 9(a) , the aluminum hydroxide paper 912 is arranged so as to surround the steel frame member 1 side and the side surface of the abutting member 911, and is sandwiched between the fire-resistant covering material 2 and the abutting member 911.

[0040] Aluminum hydroxide is a non-combustible material. Aluminum hydroxide decomposes when heated, but absorbs heat during the decomposition process, giving it excellent fire resistance and heat insulation properties. By placing aluminum hydroxide paper 912, it is possible to prevent high-temperature air from flowing into the steel frame member 1 through the gaps in the fire-resistant covering material 2 or the fire-resistant blanket 911, and to prevent the transfer of radiant heat.

[0041] (3) Gasket 9(b) shows a butting member 291 according to another modification. The butting member 291 further includes a fire-resistant gasket 914 on the inside corner side in addition to the fire-resistant blanket 911 and aluminum hydroxide paper 912. By sealing the inside corner portion 2A with the fire-resistant gasket 914, the steel frame member 1 is prevented from coming into contact with high-temperature air and from being transmitted radiant heat.

[0042] The fire-resistant gasket 914 is a sealing material that is fire-resistant and airtight, and is made primarily of resin such as silicone rubber or chloroprene rubber. The fire-resistant gasket 914 is arranged to cover the protruding corner 2B of the fire-resistant blanket 911, and closes the protruding corner 2B of the fire-resistant covering material 2. By closing the protruding corner 2B of the fire-resistant covering material 2 with the fire-resistant gasket 914, high-temperature air is prevented from coming into contact with the steel frame member 1, and radiant heat is prevented from being transmitted.

[0043] <Other variations> The fire-resistant structure 10 of the present invention is not limited to steel-frame structures. It can be applied to various structures, such as concrete-filled steel pipe structures. Furthermore, the fire-resistant coating is not limited to columns, but can also be used on beams and other structures.

[0044] The fire-resistant covering material 2 does not need to cover the entire length of the steel frame member 1 with a single member. It is possible to cover the steel frame member 1 by joining together a plurality of members.

[0045] When a part of the steel frame member 1 is buried in a floor, wall, etc., the fire-resistant covering material 2 can form a fire-resistant covering by covering the exposed part of the steel frame member 1.

[0046] <Effects> In each of the above embodiments, the following aspects are disclosed.

[0047] (Mode 1) A fire-resistant structure 10 comprises a steel frame member 1, a wood-based fire-resistant covering material 2 arranged around the steel frame member 1 at a distance from the steel frame member 1 and having a surface facing the steel frame member 1, and a fall prevention material 8 attached to the surface of the fire-resistant covering material 2 and extending along the surface to prevent the surface from falling off.

[0048] According to the above configuration, a fire-resistant coating can be formed using only the wood fire-resistant coating material 2, without using other materials such as gypsum board or steel plate. The fire-resistant coating material 2 carbonizes during a fire to form a carbonized layer (thermal insulating layer), thereby suppressing the transfer of heat to the steel frame members 1. In addition, by arranging the fire-resistant coating material 2 at intervals from the steel frame members 1, the transfer of heat to the steel frame members 1 is further suppressed.

[0049] In addition, the fall-off prevention material 8 prevents the surface of the fire-resistant covering material 2 from falling off or peeling off. As a result, even if the thickness of the charred layer increases over the course of a fire, the fire-resistant covering material 2 does not crumble, and the heat insulating performance of the fire-resistant covering material 2 is maintained for a long period of time.

[0050] This configuration allows for a simple structure that has sufficient fire resistance. In addition, the fire-resistant covering material 2 can be used as an interior material without modification, so the aesthetic appearance of the design is not impaired.

[0051] (Embodiment 2) In embodiment 1, the fall-off prevention material 8 is made of flame-retardant fiber.

[0052] With the above configuration, a fire-resistant structure having sufficient fire resistance can be obtained with a simple configuration.

[0053] (Embodiment 3) In embodiment 1 or 2, the anti-fall-off material is formed in a mesh shape.

[0054] With the above configuration, a fire-resistant structure having sufficient fire resistance can be obtained with a simple configuration.

[0055] (Aspects 4 and 5) In any of Aspects 1 to 3, the structure further includes a plate member 44 (corresponding to a fixed member) fixed to the steel frame member 1, and a bolt 62 (corresponding to a support member) that can move parallel to the steel frame member 1 relative to the plate member 44. The fire-resistant covering material 2 is installed on the bolt 62.

[0056] In the above configuration, the vertical position of the fire-resistant covering material 2 can be easily adjusted using the bolts 62. Furthermore, the fire-resistant covering material 2 can be installed with a simple configuration.

[0057] (Embodiment 6) In any of Embodiments 1 to 5, the fire-resistant covering material 2 is suspended from the steel frame member 1.

[0058] In the above configuration, the fire-resistant covering material 2 can be installed with a simple configuration.

[0059] (Embodiment 7) In any of embodiments 1 to 6, the fire-resistant structure 10 further includes abutment members 91, 191, 291, 391 arranged between the two fire-resistant covering materials 2.

[0060] In the above configuration, the gap at the inside corner portion 2A can be blocked by the abutment members 91, 191, 291, 391. Therefore, heat transfer to the steel frame member 1 through the inside corner portion 2A is prevented.

[0061] (Embodiment 8) In any of embodiments 1 to 7, the abutting member 291, 391 has a fire-resistant blanket 911 (corresponding to a fire-resistant fiber material) and fire-resistant aluminum hydroxide paper 912 (corresponding to a foil material) covering the fire-resistant fiber material.

[0062] With the above-described configuration, the gap at the inside corner 2A can be effectively blocked with a simple configuration, thereby preventing heat transfer to the steel frame member 1 through the inside corner 2A.

[0063] (Embodiment 9) In any of embodiments 1 to 8, the abutting member 191 further includes a fire-resistant fire-resistant gasket 914 (corresponding to a seal) located at the inside corner 2A of the fire-resistant covering material 2.

[0064] With the above-described configuration, the inside corner 2A and the outside corner 2B can be effectively blocked with a simple configuration, thereby preventing heat from entering through the inside corner 2A or the outside corner 2B and preventing heat transfer to the steel frame member 1. [Explanation of symbols]

[0065] Fire-resistant structure 10, steel frame member 1, fire-resistant covering material 2, plate members 42, 43, 44, bolts 61, 62, nuts 63, fall prevention material 8, butt members 91, 191, 291, 391

Claims

1. Steel frame members, a first wood covering material and a second wood covering material, each of which is arranged around the steel frame member with a gap therebetween and has a surface facing the steel frame member; a fall-off prevention material attached to the surface and extending along the surface to prevent the surface from falling off; a butting member disposed between the first coating material and the second coating material to close a gap between the first coating material and the second coating material, the second covering material extends in a direction intersecting the first covering material to form an inside corner portion, The abutting member has a fire-resistant fiber material and a fire-resistant foil material covering the fire-resistant fiber material. Fireproof construction.

2. The anti-fall-off material is formed from flame-retardant fibers.

2. The fire-resistant structure of claim 1.

3. The fall-off prevention material is formed in a mesh shape.

2. The fire-resistant structure of claim 1.

4. a fixing member fixed to the steel frame member; Further provided is a support member that is movable in parallel with the steel frame member relative to the fixed member, At least one of the first coating material and the second coating material is disposed on the support member.

2. The fire-resistant structure of claim 1.

5. The support member is a screw screwed into the fixing member.

5. The fire-resistant structure according to claim 4.

6. At least one of the first covering material and the second covering material is suspended from the steel frame member.

2. The fire-resistant structure of claim 1.

7. The abutment member further includes a fire-resistant sealing member positioned at the inside corner formed by the first cladding material and the second cladding material.

2. The fire-resistant structure of claim 1.

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