Magnetic separator

Abstract

To provide a magnetic separator which can prevent a magnetic material from being rolled into an inner surface of a conveyor belt with a more inexpensive and simpler structure.SOLUTION: A magnetic separator 1 includes: a conveyor belt 2; a magnet 3 disposed at the inner side of the conveyor belt 2; and a cover member 4 disposed between the conveyor belt 2 and the magnet 3 and formed of a non-magnetic material. The cover member 4 includes: a flat part 41 having a similar shape to a surface facing the conveyor belt 2 of the magnet 3; longitudinal inclination parts 43 provided at both ends as seen in a longitudinal direction of the conveyor belt 2 and inclining to the magnet 3 side; and width direction inclination parts 42 which are provided at both ends as seen in a width direction of the conveyor belt 2 and inclining to the conveyor belt 2 side.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a magnetic separator, and more particularly to a suspended conveyor-type magnetic separator that is suspended above an object to be sorted, uses a magnet to attract and separate magnetic materials mixed in the object, and then transports the resulting magnetic materials on a conveyor. [Background technology]

[0002] The separation and recovery of useful metals from materials such as industrial waste is widely practiced. In particular, magnetic separators that utilize magnetic force are used to efficiently recover magnetic materials such as iron from the materials. One type of magnetic separator is a suspended conveyor type magnetic separator that is suspended above the materials and transports the magnetic materials attracted by the magnets on a conveyor.

[0003] A typical suspended conveyor-type magnetic separator is equipped with a conveyor belt suspended between a drive pulley and a driven pulley, and magnets placed in the internal space surrounded by the conveyor belt. The magnetic separator rotates the conveyor belt while the objects to be sorted are suspended in a position where they are within the magnetic field of the magnets. Magnetic materials such as iron mixed in the objects to be sorted are attracted to the outer surface of the conveyor belt by the magnetic force of the magnets, and are transported by the rotation of the conveyor belt, thereby performing sorting.

[0004] A flat belt is usually used for the conveyor belt of a suspended conveyor-type magnetic separator. Therefore, when relatively small magnetic objects such as iron pieces are attracted to the magnet, they get caught at the edge of the conveyor belt due to the force of the magnet, and some of them move to the inner surface of the conveyor belt. Furthermore, some of the small magnetic objects that move to the inner surface of the conveyor belt may become stuck and fixed in the conveyor belt when they are caught between the conveyor belt and the drive pulley or driven pulley. When a magnetic separator is operated for a long period of time, the number of magnetic objects stuck and fixed in the conveyor belt increases, causing damage to the conveyor belt or malfunction.

[0005] As a technique for preventing magnetic materials from getting caught on the inner surface of the conveyor belt of a magnetic separator, the inventor invented a conveyor belt having wavy crosspieces on both sides of a flat belt, and disclosed this in Patent Document 1.

[0006] Furthermore, Patent Document 2 discloses a magnetic separator provided with a cover that covers both the side surface of the magnet and the edge of the conveyor belt of the magnetic separator. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-111053 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-62335 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] Providing wavy crosspieces on both sides of a flat conveyor belt can reduce the likelihood of small magnetic objects becoming entangled in the conveyor belt. However, small pieces of iron can collide with the wavy crosspieces and bounce off into the belt. In the case of a suspended conveyor-type magnetic separator, it is difficult to prevent iron particles from getting mixed in with the wavy crosspieces. Also, if a large piece of iron is attracted to the wavy crosspieces, it may be damaged by the impact. Furthermore, conveyor belts with wavy crosspieces require more processing time and are more expensive than regular conveyor belts. Therefore, there is a need for a technology that can prevent magnetic objects from becoming entangled on the inner surface of the conveyor belt of a magnetic separator with a cheaper and simpler configuration.

[0009] Furthermore, in a typical suspended conveyor-type magnetic separator, meandering of the conveyor belt can occur for various reasons, such as uneven adsorption of magnetic materials. Therefore, there is a need for technology that can suppress meandering of the conveyor belt as much as possible, prevent damage to the conveyor belt even if it does meander, and at the same time, prevent small magnetic materials from getting caught in the conveyor belt.

[0010] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and aims to provide a technology that can prevent magnetic materials from being caught on the inner surface of the conveyor belt of a magnetic separator with a cheaper and simpler configuration. Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide a technology that can prevent magnetic materials from being caught on the inner surface of the conveyor belt of a magnetic separator while suppressing meandering of the conveyor belt. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] The present invention relates to a magnetic separator that prevents small pieces of magnetic material in materials to be sorted from getting caught in the belt. The magnetic separator of the present invention includes a ring-shaped conveyor belt that transports materials to be sorted on its outer surface, a magnet disposed inside the conveyor belt, and a cover member made of a non-magnetic material that is disposed between the conveyor belt and the magnet. The cover member of the magnetic separator includes a flat portion having a shape similar to the surface of the magnet that faces the conveyor belt, longitudinally inclined portions that are provided at both ends corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the conveyor belt and inclined toward the magnet, and widthwise inclined portions that are provided at both ends corresponding to the width direction of the conveyor belt and inclined toward the conveyor belt. There is a gap of 3 to 10 mm between the inner surface of the conveyor belt and the underside of the cover material. It is characterized by:

[0012] The conveyor belt of the magnetic separator of the present invention is stretched between a cylindrical head pulley equipped with a drive means, a tail pulley having the same shape as the head pulley, and an auxiliary pulley located above the head pulley and the tail pulley. The auxiliary pulley of the magnetic separator of the present invention is preferably crowned.

[0013] The crown processing of the auxiliary pulley is preferably such that the taper width, that is, the difference between the diameter of the central portion and the diameter of the end portion, is 1.0 mm or more and 5.0 mm or less.

[0014] The cover member of the magnetic separator of the present invention is preferably bent toward the conveyor belt so that the widthwise inclined portion is 50 mm or more in width and the height from the flat portion to the end of the widthwise inclined portion is 10 mm or more.

[0015] The cover member of the magnetic separator of the present invention is preferably bent toward the magnet so that the longitudinally inclined portion is 50 mm or longer and the height from the flat portion to the end of the longitudinally inclined portion is 10 mm or longer. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] In the magnetic separator of the present invention, the widthwise inclined portions of the cover member prevent small pieces of magnetic material in the materials to be sorted from getting caught in the conveyor belt from both sides. This prevents small magnetic materials from getting stuck in the conveyor belt, preventing deterioration of the conveyor belt and allowing it to be used for a longer period of time than conventional methods.

[0017] The magnetic separator of the present invention is provided with an auxiliary pulley that is positioned above the head pulley and the tail pulley, and the auxiliary pulley is crowned to effectively suppress meandering of the conveyor belt.

[0018] The magnetic separator of the present invention can prevent damage to both the belt and the cover member even if the conveyor belt meanders by optimizing the length and height of the widthwise inclined portion of the cover member. The length and height of the widthwise inclined portion of the cover member of the present invention form an optimal angle that, in conjunction with the rotational movement of the conveyor belt, can bounce small pieces of magnetic material that have once entered the edge of the conveyor belt outward.

[0019] The cover member of the magnetic separator of the present invention can be obtained easily and inexpensively by bending or injection molding a non-magnetic material, and the magnetic separator itself can be provided at a lower price. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0020] [Figure 1]FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a magnetic separator according to the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a cover member of the magnetic separator of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0021] A preferred embodiment of the magnetic separator of the present invention, which is realized as a suspended conveyor type magnetic separator, will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0022] 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a magnetic separator 1 of the present invention. The magnetic separator 1 includes a conveyor belt 2, a magnet 3, and a cover member 4. The magnetic separator 1 further includes a head pulley 5, a tail pulley 6, and an auxiliary pulley 7.

[0023] The magnetic separator 1 has a frame (not shown) equipped with a pair of support members and a suspension device. The support members are arranged parallel to each other at a distance from each other, and a head pulley 5 is rotatably attached to one end of the support members via a central shaft 8. A tail pulley 6 is similarly attached to the other end of the support members. A magnet 3 is fixed between the support members at a position approximately midway between the head pulley 5 and tail pulley 6. Furthermore, an auxiliary pulley 7 is rotatably attached above the head pulley 5 and tail pulley 6.

[0024] The magnetic separator 1 can be suspended above the objects to be sorted by a hanging fixture on the frame. The position of the magnetic separator 1 can be changed in various ways to suit the position of the objects to be sorted, as long as the magnetic force of the magnet reaches the objects to be sorted. For example, if the objects to be sorted are transported by an inclined conveyor, the magnetic separator 1 can be placed above the objects to be sorted in an inclined state, parallel to the path along which the objects are transported.

[0025] The conveyor belt 2 is formed into a ring shape using a non-magnetic material of uniform thickness. The preferred material for the conveyor belt 2 is rubber or resin. The conveyor belt 2 is stretched between a head pulley 5, a tail pulley 6, and an auxiliary pulley 7. When the head pulley 5 is driven by a driving means such as a motor, the conveyor belt rotates and moves between the head pulley 5, the tail pulley 6, and the auxiliary pulley 7.

[0026] A magnet 3 having a roughly rectangular parallelepiped shape is disposed inside the conveyor belt 2. The width of the magnet 3 is equal to or smaller than the width of the conveyor belt 2. A permanent magnet or an electromagnet can be used as the magnet 3. A particularly suitable material for the magnet 3 is a ferrite magnet. The magnetic force of the magnet 3 attracts the magnetic bodies to the outer surface of the conveyor belt 2, and they are carried out as the conveyor belt 2 rotates.

[0027] The cover member 4 is a plate-like member made of a non-magnetic material and placed between the conveyor belt 2 and the magnet 3 so as to cover the underside of the magnet 3. Stainless steel, which has excellent durability, is a suitable material for the cover member 4, but wood, hard resin, etc. can also be used. The cover member 4 is attached to the magnet 3 using a fixing means such as a bolt. The cover member 4 can be attached to the magnet 3 by either drilling bolt holes in the magnet 3 and fixing the cover member 4 thereto, or by fixing the cover member 4 to the magnet 3 via a fixture.

[0028] The shape of the cover member 4 will be described in more detail. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the cover member 4. The cover member 4 has a substantially rectangular flat portion 41 that is roughly equivalent to the surface of the magnet 3 facing the conveyor belt 2. The cover member 4 further has a longitudinally inclined portion 43 and a widthwise inclined portion 42.

[0029] The term "longitudinal direction" as used herein refers to the length direction of the conveyor belt 2, i.e., the direction in which the conveyor belt 2 moves during operation. The longitudinal inclined portions 43 are rectangular inclined portions that are arranged on the outside of a pair of sides located on the longitudinal side out of the four sides of the flat portion 41 of the cover member 4, and have the same width as the flat portion 41. The term "width direction" as used herein refers to the width direction of the conveyor belt 2, i.e., the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the conveyor belt 2. The width inclined portions 42 are rectangular inclined portions that are arranged on the outside of a pair of sides located on the width side out of the four sides of the flat portion 41 of the cover member 4, and have the same length as the flat portion 41.

[0030] In this embodiment, the lower surface of the flat portion 41 of the cover member 4, i.e., the surface on the side not in contact with the magnet 3, is arranged on the same plane as the lower end of the head pulley 5 and the lower end of the tail pulley 6. During operation, the inner surface of the conveyor belt 2 moves with a slight gap of 3 mm to 10 mm between it and the lower surface of the cover member 4.

[0031] Specifically, the width of the flat portion 41 of the cover member 4 is approximately the same as that of the magnet 3, and is smaller than the width of the conveyor belt 2. Therefore, both ends of the conveyor belt 2 move outside the flat portion 41 or the widthwise inclined portion 42 with a small gap therebetween.

[0032] It is preferable that the longitudinal inclined portion 43 of the cover member 4 is bent toward the conveyor belt so that the length from the end of the flat portion 41 is 50 mm or more and the height from the flat portion 41 to the end of the longitudinal inclined portion 43 is 10 mm or more. The width and height of this longitudinal inclined portion 43 prevent the peripheral edge of the cover member 4 from contacting the conveyor belt 2.

[0033] It is preferable that the widthwise inclined portion 42 of the cover member 4 is bent toward the conveyor belt 2 so that the width from the end of the flat portion 41 is 50 mm or more and the height from the flat portion 41 to the end of the widthwise inclined portion 42 is 10 mm or more. By being bent toward the conveyor belt 2, the width and height of the widthwise inclined portion 42 are optimized to minimize the gap between the conveyor belt 2 and the cover member 4 and prevent small pieces of magnetic material from getting inside the conveyor belt 2, and also to prevent the cover member 4 and the conveyor belt 2 from coming into contact with each other even if the conveyor belt 2 meanders.

[0034] That is, in this embodiment, the height of the width-direction inclined portion 42 needs only to be 10 mm or more, and it can be formed even higher. However, if the ratio of the height to the width is 1 / 2 or more, in other words, if the angle of the width-direction inclined portion 42 with respect to the flat portion 41 is 45 degrees or more, when the conveyor belt 2 meanders, the end of the conveyor belt 2 may come into contact with the cover member, thereby cutting the width-direction inclined portion 42. For this reason, it is preferable that the angle of the width-direction inclined portion 42 with respect to the flat portion 41 is less than 45 degrees.

[0035] The auxiliary pulley 7 of the magnetic separator 1 of this embodiment is crowned, with the diameter at both ends being smaller than the diameter at the center. Only the auxiliary pulley 7 is crowned; the head pulley 5 and tail pulley 6 are formed in a cylindrical shape. By crowning the auxiliary pulley 7, meandering of the conveyor belt 2 when it is operated under tension can be significantly reduced.

[0036] During rotation, the conveyor belt 2 has its own weight and stretches, so even if tension is applied by the central portion of the auxiliary pulley 7, a gap is generated between the cover member 4 and the conveyor belt 2. Furthermore, at the widthwise ends of the conveyor belt 2, "play" is generated corresponding to the tapered width of the crown processing of the auxiliary pulley 7. As a result, there is almost no space between the flat portion 41 at the central portion of the conveyor belt 2, while there is a wider space between the flat portion 41 and the widthwise ends of the conveyor belt 2. However, the width of the conveyor belt 2 is wider than the width of the flat portion 41. As a result, both ends of the conveyor belt 2 are located outside the inclined widthwise inclined portion 42, so there is almost no space between the cover member 4 and the ends of the conveyor belt 2.

[0037] In this embodiment, the tapered width of the crown processing of the auxiliary pulley 7 is optimized to significantly reduce meandering of the conveyor belt 2. The most suitable range of the tapered width of the crown processing of the auxiliary pulley 7 is 1.0 mm or more and 5.0 mm or less. If the tapered width of the crown processing is too large, the gap on both sides of the belt becomes too large. [Example]

[0038] The following examples further embody the present invention. Note that the dimensions and angles given below are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0039] The magnetic separator 1 of this embodiment is equipped with a conveyor belt 2 having a width of 600 mm and a ferrite magnet 3 having a length of 700 mm and a width of 500 mm. The distance between the rotation axes of the head pulley 5 and the tail pulley 6 is 1900 mm.

[0040] The cover member 4 is a plate made of stainless steel. The flat portion 41 has a length of 700 mm and a width of 500 mm. The longitudinally inclined portion 43 has a length of 80 mm in the longitudinal direction (the direction of movement of the conveyor belt) and a width of 500 mm, the same as that of the flat portion 41, and is formed to have a height of 20 mm from the flat portion 41. The widthwise inclined portion 42 has a length of 700 mm in the longitudinal direction, a width of 100 mm, and a height of 15 mm from the flat portion 41.

[0041] The auxiliary pulley 7 is formed with a taper width of 2 mm.

[0042] The magnetic separator 1 of this example was placed at a position approximately 300 mm above the objects to be sorted and operated. As a result, small pieces of magnetic material were hardly caught inside the conveyor belt 2, and no meandering of the conveyor belt 2 was observed.

[0043] While specific examples of the present invention have been described in detail above based on the embodiments, these are merely examples and do not limit the scope of the claims. The technology described in the claims includes various modifications and variations of the specific examples exemplified above. The dimensions and arrangement of each component can be freely changed to accommodate the transport form, size, and physical properties of the objects to be sorted, as long as the original function is not impaired. [Explanation of symbols]

[0044] 1 Magnetic separator 2. Conveyor Belt 3. Magnets 4 Cover member 5 Head pulley 6 Tail pulley 7 Auxiliary pulley 41 Flat area 42 Width direction slope part 43 Longitudinal inclined section 8 Rotation Axis

Claims

1. A magnetic separator that prevents small pieces of magnetic material in the object to be sorted from getting caught in the belt, a conveyor belt formed in a ring shape and transporting the objects to be sorted on its outer surface; a magnet disposed inside the conveyor belt; a cover member made of a non-magnetic material and disposed between the conveyor belt and the magnet; It is equipped with The cover member is a flat portion having a shape similar to that of the surface of the magnet facing the conveyor belt; longitudinally inclined portions provided at both ends of the conveyor belt corresponding to the longitudinal direction and inclined toward the magnet; width direction inclined portions provided at both ends corresponding to the width direction of the conveyor belt and inclined toward the conveyor belt; It is equipped with A gap of 3 to 10 mm is provided between the inner surface of the conveyor belt and the lower surface of the cover member, A magnetic separator characterized in that the widthwise inclined portion of the cover member has a width of 50 mm or more and is bent toward the conveyor belt so that the height from the flat portion to the end of the widthwise inclined portion is 10 mm or more.

2. the conveyor belt is stretched between a cylindrical head pulley equipped with a driving means, a tail pulley having the same shape as the head pulley, and an auxiliary pulley arranged above the head pulley and the tail pulley, 2. The magnetic separator according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary pulley is crowned.

3. 3. The magnetic separator according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary pulley is subjected to crown processing with a taper width of 1.0 mm or more and 5.0 mm or less.

4. 4. The magnetic separator according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinally inclined portion of the cover member is bent toward the magnet so that the length of the longitudinally inclined portion is 50 mm or more and the height from the flat portion to the end of the longitudinally inclined portion is 10 mm or more.

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