Incineration system and incineration method

Abstract

To provide an incineration system and an incineration method for drying an object to be incinerated in accordance with a property of the object to be incinerated.SOLUTION: An incineration system includes: an incinerator; a cogeneration system for generating electric power by using thermal energy of a first heating medium heated by waste heat from the incinerator; a dryer for drying an object to be incinerated to be supplied to the incinerator by using thermal energy of a second heating medium heated by the thermal energy of the first heating medium; and a regulation system for regulating a temperature of the second heating medium in accordance with the property of the object to be incinerated.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an incineration system and an incineration method. [Background technology]

[0002] The exhaust gas from an incinerator that incinerates materials to be incinerated, such as sludge (hereinafter simply referred to as materials to be incinerated), is high-temperature exhaust gas at about 800 to 900° C. For this reason, for example, an incineration system has been proposed that includes a waste heat power generation system in which this high-temperature exhaust gas is introduced into a boiler to generate steam, which is used to rotate a generator using a steam turbine.

[0003] In the incineration system described above, for example, thermal energy recovered from a waste heat power generation system is used as a heat source for drying materials to be incinerated before incineration (see Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-000983 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In the incineration system described above, it is desirable to dry the materials to be incinerated in accordance with the properties of the materials. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the incineration system of the present invention comprises an incinerator, a cogeneration system that generates electricity using the thermal energy of a first heat medium heated by waste heat from the incinerator, a dryer that dries the materials to be incinerated to be supplied to the incinerator using the thermal energy of a second heat medium heated by the thermal energy of the first heat medium, and an adjustment system that adjusts the temperature of the second heat medium depending on the properties of the materials to be incinerated. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the incineration system of the present invention, it is possible to dry the materials to be incinerated in accordance with the properties of the materials. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 900 in a comparative example. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the incineration system 100 according to the first embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 200 according to the second embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 300 according to the third embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 400 according to the fourth embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 500 according to the fifth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these preferred embodiments.

[0010] [Incineration system 900 in comparative example] First, an incineration system 900 in a comparative example will be described. Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an example configuration of an incineration system 900 in a comparative example. Note that the positions and numbers of lines (pipes), pumps, etc. shown below are examples and are not limited to these.

[0011] As shown in FIG. 1, the incineration system 900 includes, for example, an incinerator 1, a heat transfer medium heater 2, a white smoke prevention air preheater 3, a flue gas treatment tower 4, a dryer 5, a scrubber 6, and a cogeneration system 10.

[0012] The incinerator 1 is, for example, a fluidized bed incinerator that incinerates sludge. The incinerator 1 has a so-called fluidized bed 1a. The sludge to be incinerated is also called dehydrated cake. The incinerator 1 will be described below as a fluidized bed incinerator.

[0013] Specifically, the incinerator 1 incinerates the sludge S (hereinafter also referred to as dried sludge S) supplied from the dryer 5 by using, for example, air supplied from the combustion air fan P1 via line L11 as combustion air. Line L11 is a pipe connecting at least the combustion air fan P1 and the incinerator 1. The incinerator 1 then discharges exhaust gas G (hereinafter also referred to simply as gas G) generated by incinerating the sludge S into line L2. Line L2 is a pipe connecting at least the incinerator 1, the heat medium heater 2, the white smoke prevention air preheater 3, and the flue gas treatment tower 4 in that order.

[0014] The heat transfer medium heater 2 exchanges heat between the flue gas G supplied from the incinerator 1 via line L2 and a fluid supplied from the cogeneration system 10 via line L31. Line L31 is a pipe connecting at least the heat transfer medium heater 2 and the cogeneration system 10. Specifically, the heat transfer medium heater 2 uses the flue gas G discharged from the incinerator 1 to raise the temperature of the fluid, and supplies the heated fluid to the cogeneration system 10. The heat transfer medium heater 2 then supplies the flue gas G (cooled flue gas G) after heating this fluid to the white smoke prevention air preheater 3 via line L2.

[0015] In the following description, the fluid supplied to the combined heat and power system 10 is assumed to be water (water vapor), but other types of fluids (gas or liquid) may also be supplied to the combined heat and power system 10.

[0016] The white smoke prevention air preheater 3 is a heat exchanger located downstream of the heat medium heater 2. For example, by using the thermal energy of the high-temperature flue gas G discharged from the incinerator 1, it heats the air supplied from the white smoke prevention air fan P2 via line L12 to generate white smoke prevention air A. The white smoke prevention air A is heated air used to prevent water vapor in the flue gas G released from the chimney from appearing as white smoke. The line L12 is a pipe that sequentially connects at least the white smoke prevention air fan P2, the white smoke prevention air preheater 3, and the flue gas treatment tower 4 (the chimney of the flue gas treatment tower 4). The temperature of the white smoke prevention air A is, for example, approximately 100 to 200°C. The temperature of the flue gas G that has passed through the white smoke prevention air preheater 3 is, for example, approximately 200°C. The white smoke prevention air preheater 3 cools the flue gas G discharged from the incinerator 1, and supplies the cooled flue gas G to the flue gas treatment tower 4 via a line L2.

[0017] The flue gas treatment tower 4 is disposed at the rear of the white smoke prevention air preheater 3, and the flue gas G is introduced, for example, from the bottom of the tower. The flue gas treatment tower 4 then brings the flue gas G into contact with water sprayed from a water spray nozzle (not shown) at the top, thereby removing SO 2 from the flue gas G. X Components such as sulfur dioxide and HCl are removed by soaking them in water. A chimney is disposed at the top of the flue gas treatment tower 4, and discharges the flue gas G cleaned in the flue gas treatment tower 4 into the atmosphere.

[0018] The inducer P3 is, for example, a fan or blower that induces the flue gas G discharged from the incinerator 1 to the flue gas treatment tower 4, and sends the cleaned flue gas G to the chimney.

[0019] The cogeneration system 10 has a function of recovering thermal energy of a fluid supplied from the heat transfer medium heater 2 and converting it into other energy sources. The cogeneration system 10 includes, for example, an evaporator 11, a steam turbine 12, a generator 13, and a condenser 14. The cogeneration system 10 forms a thermal cycle, such as a Rankine cycle or a Kalina cycle, by circulating a working medium (not shown) through a line L32. The line L32 is a pipe that sequentially connects at least the evaporator 11, the steam turbine 12, and the condenser 14, and the working medium is circulated through the line L32 by a circulation pump (not shown). Hereinafter, the working medium circulating within the cogeneration system 10 (line L32) is also referred to as a first heat transfer medium. The working medium is also referred to as a working fluid, and is, for example, a low-boiling-point medium such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), alternative CFCs, ammonia, or a mixture of ammonia and water, which have a boiling point lower than that of water, or a high-boiling-point medium such as oil, which has a boiling point higher than that of water. The cogeneration system 10 may include, for example, a circulation pump (not shown) that circulates the working medium in the line L32.

[0020] The evaporator 11 evaporates the working medium by using the thermal energy of the fluid supplied from the heat medium heater 2 via the line L31.

[0021] The steam turbine 12 is rotated by the working medium steam generated by the evaporator 11. The generator 13 connected to the rotary shaft of the steam turbine 12 generates electricity by the rotation of the steam turbine 12.

[0022] The condenser 14 condenses the gaseous working medium output from the steam turbine 12, for example, by using a heat medium (not shown) supplied from the dryer 5 via a line L33 (hereinafter also referred to as a circulation path L33). The line L33 is a pipe connecting at least the condenser 14 and the dryer 5, and the heat medium is circulated through the line L33 by a circulation pump (not shown). The condenser 14 then supplies the condensed working medium to the evaporator 11, for example, by the circulation pump. Hereinafter, the heat medium circulating through the line L33 will also be referred to as a second heat medium.

[0023] The cogeneration system 10 may include, for example, a regenerator (not shown) in addition to the evaporator 11, steam turbine 12, generator 13, and condenser 14. The regenerator, for example, exchanges heat between the vapor of the first heat medium output from the steam turbine 12 and the first heat medium condensed by the condenser 14, and heats the first heat medium supplied from the condenser 14 before supplying it to the evaporator 11. In this case, the condenser 14 condenses the vapor of the first heat medium supplied from the regenerator using a liquid second heat medium.

[0024] The dryer 5 is, for example, a steam dryer, and dries the sludge S (hereinafter also referred to as dewatered sludge S) introduced into the dryer by using the thermal energy of the gaseous second heat medium supplied from the condenser 14. The dryer 5 then discharges the dried sludge S (dried sludge S) into line L4, and also discharges the air generated by drying the sludge S into line L13. The line L4 is a pipe that connects at least the dryer 5 and the incinerator 1. The line L13 is a pipe that connects at least the dryer 5, the scrubber 6, and the incinerator 1 in that order.

[0025] The scrubber 6 removes water vapor contained in the air supplied from the dryer 5, for example. Then, the scrubber 6 supplies the air from which water vapor has been removed to the incinerator 1 as combustion air, for example, by using the combustion air fan P4.

[0026] That is, if air from which water vapor has not been sufficiently removed is supplied to the incinerator 1, it may become necessary to generate extra heat to raise the temperature of the incinerator 1, or it may become impossible to sufficiently recover heat in the downstream stage of the incinerator 1 (for example, the heat medium heater 2). For this reason, in the incineration system 900, air from which water vapor has been removed in the scrubber 6 is supplied to the incinerator 1.

[0027] Furthermore, in the incineration system 900, the air supplied from the dryer 5 is combusted in the incinerator 1 as combustion air, thereby simultaneously carrying out a deodorizing treatment on the air supplied from the dryer 5.

[0028] An outline of the incineration system in the first to fifth embodiments will be described below. As explained in the comparative example, in an incineration system that uses heat recovered from the cogeneration system 10 as a heat source for the dryer 5, for example, due to a change in the properties of the dewatered sludge supplied to the dryer 5, the amount of heat required for the dryer 5 may deviate from the predetermined range of heat (in other words, the range of heat assumed at the design stage).

[0029] For example, if the amount of heat required by the dryer 5 is lower than a predetermined range of heat (in other words, if an amount of heat exceeding the required amount is supplied to the dryer), it is desirable to reduce the amount of heat supplied to the dryer 5 and dry the dewatered sludge in a manner suitable for the properties of the dewatered sludge. This is because supplying more heat than required to the dryer 5 could damage the dryer 5, or if the dewatered sludge becomes too dry, malfunctions could occur in the downstream incinerator 1.

[0030] On the other hand, if the amount of heat required by the dryer 5 is higher than the predetermined range of heat (in other words, if less heat than the required amount is supplied to the dryer), the dewatered sludge may not dry sufficiently and may not be sufficiently incinerated in the downstream incinerator 1, requiring a lot of auxiliary combustion.

[0031] Therefore, in the first to fifth embodiments, an incineration system that supplies optimal heat to the dryer 5 will be described.

[0032] [Incineration system 100 in the first embodiment] Next, an explanation will be given of the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment. Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment.

[0033] 2, the incineration system 100 includes, for example, an incinerator 1, a heat medium heater 2, a white smoke prevention air preheater 3, a flue gas treatment tower 4, a dryer 5, a scrubber 6, a cogeneration system 10, and a heat exchanger 21. Note that only the differences from the incineration system 900 in the comparative example will be explained below.

[0034] The heat exchanger 21 is, for example, a heat exchanger arranged on a line L33 that supplies the second heat medium from the dryer 5 to the condenser 14, and performs heat exchange between the second heat medium supplied from the dryer 5 and the white smoke prevention air A supplied from the white smoke prevention air preheater 3. The line L33 in the incineration system 100 is a line that sequentially connects the condenser 14, the dryer 5, and the heat exchanger 21, and through which the second heat medium circulates. The heat exchanger 21 then supplies the second heat medium, which has been cooled by heat exchange with the white smoke prevention air A, to the condenser 14.

[0035] Here, the heat exchanger 21 is provided in a circulation path (for example, line L33) through which the second heat medium circulates between the dryer 5 and the cogeneration system 10, and is a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the second heat medium and a fluid. The heat exchanger 21 functions as an adjustment system that adjusts the temperature of the second heat medium supplied to the dryer 5. This fluid is, for example, white smoke prevention air.

[0036] Because the second heat medium is cooled by the heat exchanger 21, even if the cooled second heat medium is heated by the condenser 14, the temperature of the second heat medium supplied to the dryer 5 can be lowered compared to when the heat exchanger 21 is not present (in other words, when the second heat medium does not pass through the heat exchanger 21). As a result, it is possible to prevent thermal energy in excess of the required amount from being supplied to the dryer 5. Furthermore, because the condenser 14 can cool the first heat medium of the combined heat and power supply system 10 using the cooled second heat medium, the temperature of the first heat medium can be lowered (in other words, the first heat medium can be condensed more) compared to when the heat exchanger 21 is not present, and the power generation efficiency of the combined heat and power supply system 10 can be increased.

[0037] Next, we will explain a system that dynamically controls the amount of heat supplied to the dryer 5 depending on the properties of the dewatered sludge S. The properties of the dewatered sludge S include, for example, the moisture content of the dewatered sludge S, the calorific value of the organic matter contained in the dewatered sludge S, and the ratio of the amount of organic matter to the amount of inorganic matter contained in the dewatered sludge S.

[0038] The line L33 is connected to a bypass line L34 (hereinafter also referred to as the bypass path L34) that bypasses the heat exchanger 21. A valve V11 is attached to the bypass line L34. The line L33 is also connected to a bypass line L35 (hereinafter also referred to as the bypass path L35) that bypasses the dryer 5. A valve V12 is attached to the bypass line L35. Hereinafter, the heat exchanger 21, the bypass line L34, the bypass line L35, the valve V11, and the valve V12 will be collectively referred to as an adjustment system.

[0039] Then, the operator controls the amount of the second heat medium supplied to the heat exchanger 21 by controlling the opening and closing of at least one of the valves V11 and V12, for example, based on the properties of the dewatered sludge S measured by an instrument (not shown) attached upstream of the dryer 5.

[0040] Specifically, consider the cases where the heat value of the organic matter contained in the dewatered sludge S is higher than a predetermined threshold, where the moisture content of the dewatered sludge S is lower than a predetermined threshold, or where the ratio of the amount of organic matter to the amount of inorganic matter contained in the dewatered sludge S is higher than a predetermined ratio. Hereinafter, this case will be referred to as the dewatered sludge S having good combustion efficiency. When the dewatered sludge S has good combustion efficiency, there is no need to sufficiently dry the dewatered sludge S in the dryer 5.

[0041] First, the worker measures, for example, the properties of the measured dewatered sludge S. Then, if the worker determines from the measurement results that the combustion efficiency of the dewatered sludge S is good (in other words, if the worker determines that there is no need to sufficiently dry the dewatered sludge S in the dryer 5 and that it is not appropriate to supply all of the thermal energy of the second heat medium supplied from the condenser 14 to the dryer 5), the worker closes the valve V11 to supply the second heat medium to the heat exchanger 21 and transfers part of the thermal energy of the second heat medium to the white smoke prevention air A, thereby reducing the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5. In this case, the worker further reduces the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5 by, for example, opening the valve V12.

[0042] As a result, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment can prevent the dryer 5 from being damaged, for example, by supplying heat energy in excess of the amount necessary to dry the dewatered sludge S. Furthermore, the incineration system 100 can prevent problems with incineration in the incinerator 1, for example, caused by over-drying the dewatered sludge S.

[0043] In addition, the operator may control the opening and closing of valves V11 and V12 based on the properties of the dried sludge S measured by an instrument (not shown) attached, for example, downstream of the dryer 5 and upstream of the incinerator 1 (line L4).

[0044] The incineration system 100 may also include a control device (not shown) that controls the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5 by controlling the opening and closing of the valves V11 and V12. The control device is, for example, a computer having a CPU (Central Computing Unit), memory, etc. The control device may automatically control the opening and closing of the valves V11 and V12 based on the properties of the dewatered sludge S, for example.

[0045] Specifically, for example, when the moisture content of the dewatered sludge S is lower than a predetermined threshold, the control device may perform control to reduce the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5 by controlling the valve V11 to close and the valve V12 to open. More specifically, the control device may perform control to close the valve V11 and the valve V12 to open so that the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5 decreases as the moisture content of the dewatered sludge S decreases.

[0046] The incineration system 100 may also have, for example, a cooling tower (not shown) between the white smoke prevention air preheater 3 and the flue gas treatment tower 4, which further cools the flue gas G supplied from the white smoke prevention air preheater 3. The incineration system 100 may also have, for example, a dust collector (not shown) between the white smoke prevention air preheater 3 and the flue gas treatment tower 4, which removes (dusts) soot from the flue gas G supplied from the cooling tower.

[0047] In the above example, the dryer 5 is a steam dryer, and the second heat medium circulating between the dryer 5 and the condenser 14 (line L33) is, for example, water (steam), but this is not limiting. Specifically, for example, the dryer 5 may be a heat transfer oil dryer, and heat transfer oil may circulate between the dryer 5 and the condenser 14.

[0048] In addition, in the above example, a case has been described in which the heat exchanger 21 is arranged on the line L33 that supplies the second heat medium from the dryer 5 to the condenser 14, but the heat exchanger 21 may also be arranged on the line L33 that supplies the second heat medium from the condenser 14 to the dryer 5.

[0049] [Incineration system 200 according to the second embodiment] Next, an incineration system 200 in a second embodiment will be described. Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the incineration system 200 in the second embodiment. Note that only the differences from the incineration system 900 in the comparative example will be described below.

[0050] As shown in FIG. 3, the incineration system 200 includes, for example, an incinerator 1, a heat transfer medium heater 2, a white smoke prevention air preheater 3, a flue gas treatment tower 4, a dryer 5, a scrubber 6, a cogeneration system 10, and a heat exchanger 22.

[0051] The heat exchanger 22 is, for example, a heat exchanger arranged on a line L33 that supplies the second heat medium from the condenser 14 to the dryer 5, and performs heat exchange between the second heat medium supplied from the condenser 14 and the exhaust gas G supplied from the heat medium heater 2. The line L33 in the incineration system 200 is a line that connects the dryer 5, the condenser 14, and the heat exchanger 22. The heat exchanger 22 supplies the gaseous second heat medium, which has been heated by heat exchange with the exhaust gas G, to the dryer 5.

[0052] Here, heat exchanger 22 is a heat exchanger that is provided in a circulation path (for example, line L33) through which the second heat medium circulates between dryer 5 and cogeneration system 10, and exchanges heat between the second heat medium and a fluid. Heat exchanger 21 functions as an adjustment system that adjusts the temperature of the second heat medium supplied to dryer 5. This fluid is flue gas G discharged from incinerator 1, and this flue gas G is gas that has not been treated for dust removal. The gas that has not been treated for dust removal is flue gas that is located upstream of the position of heat exchanger 22 on line L2, and is gas from which soot and dust have not been removed by a dust remover.

[0053] When supplying exhaust gas to a dust collector, it is necessary to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas. In particular, when the dust collector is a bag filter, it is necessary to significantly lower the temperature of the exhaust gas. In response to this, exhaust gas G that has not been subjected to dust removal treatment is supplied to the heat exchanger 22. Therefore, the heat exchanger 22 can recover heat from the exhaust gas, whose temperature does not decrease as a result of passing through the dust collector, and can further increase the temperature of the second heat medium.

[0054] Since the temperature of the second heat medium is raised by the heat exchanger 22, the temperature of the second heat medium supplied to the dryer 5 can be raised compared to when there is no heat exchanger 22 (in other words, when the second heat medium does not pass through the heat exchanger 22). As a result, it is possible to prevent less heat energy than necessary from being supplied to the dryer 5.

[0055] Next, a system for dynamically controlling the amount of heat supplied to the dryer 5 in accordance with the properties of the dewatered sludge will be described.

[0056] The line L33 is connected to a bypass line L36 that bypasses the heat exchanger 22. A valve V2 is attached to the bypass line L36. Hereinafter, the heat exchanger 22, the bypass line L36, and the valve V2 will be collectively referred to as an adjustment system.

[0057] Then, the operator controls the amount of the second heat transfer medium supplied to the heat exchanger 22 by controlling the opening and closing of the valve V2 based on the properties of the dewatered sludge S measured, for example, by an instrument (not shown) attached upstream of the dryer 5.

[0058] Specifically, consider the cases where the calorific value of the organic matter contained in the dewatered sludge S is less than a predetermined threshold, where the moisture content of the dewatered sludge S is higher than a predetermined threshold, or where the ratio of the amount of organic matter to the amount of inorganic matter contained in the dewatered sludge S is less than a predetermined ratio. Hereinafter, this case will be referred to as the combustion efficiency of the dewatered sludge S being poor. If the combustion efficiency of the dewatered sludge S is poor, it is necessary to sufficiently dry the dewatered sludge S in the dryer 5 to prevent a deterioration in the combustion efficiency in the incinerator 1.

[0059] First, the operator measures, for example, the properties of the measured dewatered sludge S. Then, if the operator determines from the measurement results that the combustion efficiency of the dewatered sludge S is poor (in other words, if the operator determines that the dewatered sludge S needs to be sufficiently dried in the dryer 5 and that it is appropriate to supply more thermal energy to the dryer 5 than the thermal energy of the second heat medium supplied from the condenser 14), the operator controls the valve V2 to close, thereby supplying the second heat medium to the heat exchanger 22 to recover the thermal energy of the exhaust gas G, and supplying the thermal energy recovered from the exhaust gas G to the dryer 5 in addition to the thermal energy of the second heat medium supplied from the condenser 14.

[0060] More specifically, for example, when the measured moisture content of the dewatered sludge S is higher than a predetermined threshold, the operator performs control to close the valve V2.

[0061] As a result, the incineration system 200 in this embodiment can prevent insufficient incineration of the dewatered sludge S in the incinerator 1, for example, due to the dryer 5 not being supplied with the amount of thermal energy necessary for drying the dewatered sludge S. Furthermore, the incineration system 200 can prevent an increase in the amount of fuel used to incinerate the dewatered sludge S, for example, due to the dryer 5 not being supplied with the amount of thermal energy necessary for drying the dewatered sludge S.

[0062] In addition, the operator may control the opening and closing of valve V2 based on the properties of the dried sludge S measured by an instrument (not shown) attached, for example, downstream of the dryer 5 and upstream of the incinerator 1 (line L4).

[0063] The incineration system 200 may also include a control device (not shown) that controls the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5, for example, by controlling the opening and closing of the valve V2. The control device may also automatically control the opening and closing of the valve V2 based on the properties of the dewatered sludge S, for example.

[0064] Specifically, for example, when the moisture content of the dewatered sludge S is higher than a predetermined threshold, the control device may control the valve V2 to close, thereby increasing the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5. Even more specifically, the control device may control the valve V2 to close so that the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5 increases as the moisture content of the dewatered sludge S increases.

[0065] In the above example, the dryer 5 is a steam dryer, and the second heat medium circulating between the dryer 5 and the condenser 14 (line L33) is, for example, water (steam), but this is not limiting. Specifically, for example, the dryer 5 may be a heat transfer oil dryer, and heat transfer oil may circulate between the dryer 5 and the condenser 14.

[0066] In addition, in the above example, a case has been described in which the heat exchanger 22 is arranged on the line L33 that supplies the second heat medium from the condenser 14 to the dryer 5, but the heat exchanger 22 may also be arranged on the line L33 that supplies the second heat medium from the dryer 5 to the condenser 14.

[0067] [Incineration system 300 in the third embodiment] Next, an incineration system 300 in the third embodiment will be described. Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the incineration system 300 in the third embodiment. Note that only the differences from the incineration system 900 in the comparative example, the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment, and the incineration system 200 in the second embodiment will be described below.

[0068] As shown in FIG. 4, the incineration system 300 includes, for example, an incinerator 1, a heat transfer medium heater 2, a white smoke prevention air preheater 3, a flue gas treatment tower 4, a dryer 5, a scrubber 6, a cogeneration system 10, a heat exchanger 21, and a heat exchanger 22.

[0069] The incineration system 300 has both the heat exchanger 21 that the incineration system 100 (first embodiment) has and the heat exchanger 22 that the incineration system 200 (second embodiment) has.

[0070] As a result, in the incineration system 300 of this embodiment, when it is determined that the properties of the dewatered sludge S do not require the dewatered sludge S to be sufficiently dried, it is possible to reduce the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5 by controlling the opening and closing of valves V11 and V12, and when it is determined that the properties of the dewatered sludge S require the dewatered sludge S to be sufficiently dried, it is possible to increase the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5 by controlling the opening and closing of valve V2.

[0071] Specifically, in the incineration system 300 of this embodiment, for example, if it is determined from the measured properties of the dewatered sludge S that the dewatered sludge S does not need to be sufficiently dried in the dryer 5 and that it is not appropriate to supply all of the thermal energy of the second heat medium supplied from the condenser 14 to the dryer 5, the valve V11 is controlled to close and the valve V12 and the valve V2 are controlled to open. On the other hand, in the incineration system 300, for example, if it is determined from the measured properties of the dewatered sludge S that the dewatered sludge S needs to be sufficiently dried in the dryer 5 and that it is appropriate to supply more thermal energy to the dryer 5 than the thermal energy of the second heat medium supplied from the condenser 14, the valve V11 is controlled to open and the valve V12 and the valve V2 are controlled to close.

[0072] [Incineration system 400 according to the fourth embodiment] Next, an incineration system 400 in the fourth embodiment will be described. Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the incineration system 400 in the fourth embodiment. Note that only the differences from the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment will be described below.

[0073] As shown in FIG. 5, the incineration system 400 includes, for example, an incinerator 1, a white smoke prevention air preheater 3, a flue gas treatment tower 4, a dryer 5, a scrubber 6, a cogeneration system 10, and a heat exchanger 21.

[0074] The cogeneration system 10 has the function of recovering the thermal energy of the exhaust gas G discharged from the incinerator 1 and converting it into other energy sources, and includes, for example, an evaporator 11, a steam turbine 12, a generator 13, and a condenser 14.

[0075] The evaporator 11 then evaporates the working medium by using the thermal energy of the exhaust gas G supplied via line L2 from the incinerator 1. The evaporator 11 then supplies the exhaust gas G to the white smoke prevention air preheater 3.

[0076] That is, in the incineration system 400 of this embodiment, for example, instead of using a heat exchanger (heat medium heater 2 in the incineration system 100) for performing heat exchange between the exhaust gas G supplied from the incinerator 1 via line L2 and a fluid for supplying thermal energy to the combined heat and power supply system 10, the exhaust gas G discharged from the incinerator 1 is supplied directly to the evaporator 11, and the first heat medium in the combined heat and power supply system 10 is directly heated by the thermal energy contained in the exhaust gas G.

[0077] That is, the evaporator 11 directly heats and evaporates the first heat medium using the thermal energy of the exhaust gas from the incinerator 1, without using any other heat medium. In other words, in the incineration system 400 of this embodiment, the thermal energy of the exhaust gas G is recovered directly by the evaporator 11, without using the heat medium heater 2 in the incineration system 100, and the recovered thermal energy is supplied to the first heat medium.

[0078] As a result, in the incineration system 400 of this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the number of heat exchangers and reduce the loss of thermal energy due to heat exchange in the heat exchangers. Therefore, in the incineration system 400 of this embodiment, it is possible to increase the amount of power generated in the cogeneration system 10.

[0079] In the above example, an incineration system (incineration system 400) in which a heat medium heater 2 is not provided for incineration system 100 (first embodiment) has been described, but the incineration system may also be an incineration system in which a heat medium heater 2 is not provided for incineration system 200 (second embodiment), or an incineration system in which a heat medium heater 2 is not provided for incineration system 300 (third embodiment).

[0080] [Incineration system 500 according to the fifth embodiment] Next, an incineration system 500 in the fifth embodiment will be described. Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the incineration system 500 in the fifth embodiment. Note that only the differences from the incineration system 400 in the fourth embodiment will be described below.

[0081] As shown in FIG. 6, the incineration system 500 includes, for example, an incinerator 1, a white smoke prevention air preheater 3, a flue gas treatment tower 4, a dryer 5, a scrubber 6, a cogeneration system 10, and a heat exchanger 21.

[0082] The cogeneration system 10 in this embodiment generates electricity using the thermal energy of a first heat medium that is heated directly or indirectly with waste heat from the incinerator 1. Here, indirect heating means, as described in FIG. 2, using another heat exchanger (e.g., heat medium heater 2 in FIG. 2) to heat the first heat medium with waste heat from the incinerator 1. Specifically, the cogeneration system 10 has a function of recovering thermal energy from the exhaust gas G discharged from the incinerator 1 and converting it into other energy sources, and includes, for example, an evaporator 11, a steam turbine 12, and a generator 13. The cogeneration system 10 in this embodiment forms a thermal cycle such as a Rankine cycle or a Kalina cycle by circulating a working medium (not shown) through a line L32 (hereinafter also referred to as a circulation path L32). The line L32 in this embodiment is a pipe that sequentially connects at least the evaporator 11, the steam turbine 12, the dryer 5, and the heat exchanger 21.

[0083] That is, in the incineration system 500 of this embodiment, the cogeneration system 10 does not have a condenser, but instead supplies the first heat medium directly to the dryer 5, causing the dryer 5 to also function as a condenser.

[0084] As a result, in the incineration system 500 of this embodiment, it is possible to further reduce the number of heat exchangers to be installed and further reduce the loss of thermal energy due to heat exchange in the heat exchangers. Therefore, in the incineration system 500 of this embodiment, it is possible to further increase the amount of power generated in the cogeneration system 10.

[0085] Furthermore, in the incineration system 500 of this embodiment, for example, the second heat medium used in the incineration system 100 is not necessary, so it is possible to reduce the power required to circulate the second heat medium.

[0086] In the incineration system 500 of this embodiment, a steam dryer or a thermal oil dryer may be used as the dryer 5, as in the case of the incineration system 100. In the incineration system 500 of this embodiment, for example, when a steam dryer is used as the dryer 5, a waste heat boiler may be used as the evaporator 11, and water may be used as the first heat medium circulating through the line L32.

[0087] Furthermore, in the above example, an incineration system (incineration system 500) was described in which the heat transfer medium heater 2 and the condenser 14 are not provided in the incineration system 100 (first embodiment), but the incineration system may be an incineration system in which the heat transfer medium heater 2 and the condenser 14 are not provided in the incineration system 200 (second embodiment), or an incineration system in which the heat transfer medium heater 2 and the condenser 14 are not provided in the incineration system 300 (third embodiment).

[0088] In the present invention described above, for example, by adjusting the amount of the first heat medium supplied to the heat exchanger 21 or the heat exchanger 22 based on the properties of the dewatered sludge S, it becomes possible to control the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5, and it becomes possible to dry the dewatered sludge S in the dryer 5 in accordance with the properties of the dewatered sludge S. Therefore, in the present invention, it becomes possible to prevent problems from occurring in the incineration of the dewatered sludge S in the incinerator 1 due to over- or under-drying of the dewatered sludge S in the dryer 5.

[0089] The dryer 5 may be a hot air dryer or a band dryer. When the dryer 5 is a hot air dryer or a band dryer, a drying air fan that discharges drying air to be supplied to the dryer 5 and a heat exchanger are separately provided.

[0090] In the first to fourth embodiments, the heat exchanger exchanges heat between the drying air discharged by the drying air fan and the second heat medium to raise the temperature of the drying air. In addition, a line L33 is arranged so that the second heat medium circulates between the cogeneration system 10 and the heat exchanger.

[0091] In the fifth embodiment, the heat exchanger exchanges heat between the drying air discharged by the drying air fan and the first heat medium to raise the temperature of the drying air. The line L32 is a pipe that sequentially connects at least the evaporator 11, the steam turbine 12, the heat exchanger 21, and this separately provided heat exchanger, and the first heat medium circulates through the line L32 by a circulation pump (not shown).

[0092] Dryer 5 dries the sludge with heated drying air. Dryer 5 may supply all of the dried drying air to incinerator 1, or may supply a portion of the dried drying air to incinerator 1 and supply the other dried drying air to the primary side of the drying air fan. [Explanation of symbols]

[0093] 1: Incinerator 1a: Fluidized bed 2: Heat medium heater 3: White smoke prevention air preheater 4:Exhaust heat treatment tower 5:Dryer 6: Scrubber 10: Combined heat and power system 11: Evaporator 12: Steam turbine 13: Generator 14: Condenser 100: Incineration system 200: Incineration system A: White smoke prevention air G: Exhaust gas L1: Line L2: Line L11: Line L12: Line L13: Line L31: Line L32: Line L33: Line L34: Detour line L35: Detour line L36: Detour line P1: Combustion air fan P2: White smoke prevention air fan P3: Induction device P4: Combustion air fan S: Sludge V11: Valve V12: Valve V2: Valve

Claims

1. Incinerator and a cogeneration system that generates electricity using thermal energy of a first heat medium heated by waste heat from the incinerator; a dryer that dries the materials to be incinerated to be supplied to the incinerator using the thermal energy of a second heat medium heated by the thermal energy of the first heat medium; An adjustment system that adjusts the temperature of the second heat medium according to the properties of the material to be incinerated, The adjustment system is provided in a circulation path through which the second heat medium circulates between the dryer and the cogeneration system, and is equipped with a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the second heat medium and white smoke prevention air.

2. Incinerator and a cogeneration system that generates electricity using thermal energy of a first heat medium that is heated directly or indirectly with waste heat from the incinerator; a dryer that dries the material to be incinerated to be supplied to the incinerator using the thermal energy of the first heat medium; An adjustment system that adjusts the temperature of the first heat medium according to the properties of the material to be incinerated, The adjustment system is provided in a circulation path through which the first heat medium circulates between the dryer and the cogeneration system, and is equipped with a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the first heat medium and white smoke prevention air.

3. 2. The incineration system of claim 1, wherein the adjustment system is provided in a circulation path through which the second heat medium circulates between the dryer and the cogeneration system, and includes a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the second heat medium and a fluid, and a bypass path in the circulation path that bypasses the heat exchanger.

4. The incineration system described in claim 3, wherein the adjustment system is provided with a control device that adjusts the amount of the second heat medium supplied to each of the heat exchanger and the bypass path depending on the properties of the material to be incinerated.

5. An incineration method for an incineration system comprising: an incinerator; a cogeneration system for generating electricity using thermal energy of a first heat medium heated by waste heat from the incinerator; a dryer for drying materials to be incinerated to be supplied to the incinerator using thermal energy of a second heat medium heated by the thermal energy of the first heat medium; and an adjustment system for adjusting the temperature of the second heat medium, wherein the adjustment system is provided in a circulation path through which the second heat medium circulates between the dryer and the cogeneration system, and comprises a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the second heat medium and white smoke prevention air, An incineration method, comprising adjusting the temperature of the second heat medium according to the properties of the material to be incinerated.

6. An incineration method in an incineration system comprising: an incinerator; a cogeneration system for generating electricity using thermal energy of a first heat medium heated directly or indirectly by waste heat from the incinerator; a dryer for drying materials to be incinerated and supplied to the incinerator using thermal energy of the first heat medium; and an adjustment system for adjusting the temperature of the first heat medium, the adjustment system being provided in a circulation path through which the first heat medium circulates between the dryer and the cogeneration system, and comprising a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the first heat medium and white smoke prevention air, An incineration method, comprising adjusting the temperature of the first heat medium according to the properties of the material to be incinerated.

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