conductor

Abstract

To restrain a connection conductor from being broken.SOLUTION: A conductor 30 comprises a pair of bus bars 35, and a connection conductor 40 for connecting the pair of bus bars 35 together. The connection conductor 40 includes a mesh part 41 for being connected to the bus bars 35, and a plurality of body parts 50 for being connected to the mesh part 41. The mesh part 41 includes a plurality of connection elements 44 for defining an opening 43. The connection elements 44 extend in a direction non-parallel to a first direction d1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an electrical conductor. [Background technology]

[0002] Laminated plates having conductors are widely used. For example, laminated plates are used in window glass of moving objects such as vehicles. Laminated plates are used as defrosting devices called defrosters. As described in Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, etc., laminated plates generate heat when electricity is passed through the conductors. An example of the use of laminated plates in window glass of a moving object will be described. By generating heat, laminated plates of a moving object can defog the window glass, melt snow and ice, and / or evaporate water droplets. As a result, visibility for occupants in the moving object and the detection range of sensors such as imaging devices can be secured. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-173402 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 8-72674 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Such a conductor has a pair of bus bars and a connecting conductor connecting the pair of bus bars. The connecting conductor extends primarily in one direction. During processes such as processing of a laminate having conductors, the connecting conductor may be further extended in one direction. This may result in the connecting conductor breaking. The connecting conductor is prone to breaking at the portion where the connecting conductor and the bus bar are connected. An object of the present invention is to prevent the connecting conductor from breaking. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The first conductor of the present invention is A pair of bus bars; a connecting conductor connecting the pair of bus bars, the connecting conductor includes a mesh portion connected to the bus bar and a plurality of main body portions connected to the mesh portion and extending in a first direction, the mesh portion includes a plurality of connecting elements defining openings; The connecting elements extend in a direction non-parallel to the first direction.

[0006] In the first conductor of the present invention, the main body portion includes a first portion extending in the first direction, a second portion extending from the mesh portion in a second direction non-parallel to the first direction and the direction in which the connecting element extends, and a third portion bent so as to connect the first portion and the second portion, The interval between adjacent main body portions may be shorter than the length of the third portion along the second direction.

[0007] In the first conductor of the present invention, at the portion where the mesh portion and the second portion are connected, the smaller of the angles formed between the direction in which the connecting element extends and the second direction may be less than 90°.

[0008] In the first conductor of the present invention, the first portion may be 50% or more of the entire length of the main body.

[0009] The second conductor of the present invention is A pair of bus bars; a plurality of connecting conductors connecting the pair of bus bars, the connecting conductor includes a first portion extending in a first direction, a second portion extending from the bus bar in a second direction non-parallel to the first direction, and a third portion bent to connect the first portion and the second portion, The distance between adjacent connecting conductors is shorter than the length of the third portion along the second direction.

[0010] In the second conductor of the present invention, at the portion where the bus bar and the second portion are connected, the smaller of the angles formed between the direction in which the edge of the bus bar extends and the second direction may be less than 90°.

[0011] In the second conductor of the present invention, the first portion may be 50% or more of the entire length of the connecting conductor.

[0012] In the first or second conductor of the present invention, the width of the second portion decreases with increasing distance from the bus bar along the second portion; The length of the second portion along the second portion may be greater than the maximum width of the second portion.

[0013] The third conductor of the present invention is A pair of bus bars; a plurality of connecting conductors connecting the pair of bus bars, the connecting conductor includes a first portion extending in a first direction and a second portion extending from the bus bar and connecting to the first portion; the width of the second portion decreases with increasing distance from the bus bar along the second portion; The length of the second portion along the second portion is greater than the maximum width of the second portion. [Effects of the Invention]

[0014] According to the present invention, disconnection of the connecting conductor can be suppressed. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] Fig. 1 is a diagram for explaining one embodiment, and is a perspective view that schematically shows a moving body equipped with a laminated plate. In particular, Fig. 1 schematically shows an automobile equipped with a front window made of a laminated plate as an example of a moving body. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a view showing the laminated plate of FIG. 1 from the normal direction of the plate surface. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is an example of a cross-sectional view of the clad plate taken along line III-III in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the laminate. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the first example of the conductor. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the second example of the conductor. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the third example of the conductor. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the fourth example of the conductor. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the fifth example of the conductor. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the sixth example of the conductor. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a laminated board. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a laminated board. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a laminated board. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a laminated board. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a laminated board. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method for manufacturing a laminated board. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0016] An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings accompanying this specification, the scale and aspect ratios have been appropriately changed and exaggerated from those of the actual objects for the sake of clarity and ease of understanding.

[0017] In this specification, the terms "plate," "sheet," and "film" are not distinguished from one another solely on the basis of differences in name. For example, a "conductor-attached sheet" is a concept that includes members that can be called plates or films, and a "conductor-attached sheet" cannot be distinguished from members called "conductor-attached plate (substrate)" or "conductor-attached film" solely on the basis of differences in name.

[0018] "Sheet surface (plate surface, film surface)" refers to the surface that coincides with the planar direction of the target sheet-like (plate-like, film-like) member when the target sheet-like (plate-like, film-like) member is viewed overall and globally.

[0019] Terms used in this specification that specify shapes, geometric conditions, and their degrees, such as "parallel," "orthogonal," and "identical," as well as values ​​of lengths and angles, are not to be construed as being bound by strict meanings but should be interpreted to include a range within which similar functions can be expected.

[0020] 1 to 16 are diagrams illustrating an embodiment of the present invention. Of these, Fig. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an automobile equipped with a clad plate. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the clad plate as viewed from the normal direction of its plate surface. Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a cross section of the clad plate taken along line III-III in Fig. 2.

[0021] As shown in FIG. 1, an automobile 1, which is an example of a moving object, has window glass such as a front window, a rear window, and side windows. Here, an example is shown in which the front window 5 is made of a laminated plate 10. The laminated plate 10 is fixed to the body of the automobile 1 with an adhesive. In this embodiment, the laminated plate 10 is used as a heat generating plate. The automobile 1 has a power source 7, such as a battery, that supplies power to the laminated plate 10.

[0022] FIG. 2 shows this laminated board 10 as viewed in the normal direction of its plate surface. FIG. 3 shows an example of a cross-sectional view of the laminated board 10 taken along line III-III. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the laminated board 10 has a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12, a conductor-attached sheet 20, a first bonding layer 13, and a second bonding layer 14. The first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are spaced apart from each other in the normal direction of the plate surface. The conductor-attached sheet 20 is disposed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. The first bonding layer 13 bonds the first substrate 11 and the conductor-attached sheet 20. The second bonding layer 14 bonds the second substrate 12 and the conductor-attached sheet 20. In the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the laminated board 10 is curved. However, in other figures, the laminated board 10, the first substrate 11, and the second substrate 12 are illustrated as flat plates for ease of understanding.

[0023] The conductor-attached sheet 20 has a substrate 21 and conductors 30. The conductors 30 have a pair of bus bars 35 and connecting conductors 40 that connect the pair of bus bars 35.

[0024] As clearly shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the laminated plate 10 has a wiring portion 15 for supplying electricity to the conductors 30. In the illustrated example, electricity is supplied to the connecting conductors 40 by a power source 7 such as a battery via a pair of bus bars 35. The connecting conductors 40 generate heat when a voltage is applied. The heat generated by the connecting conductors 40 is transferred to the first board 11 and the second board 12. Condensation adhering to the first board 11 and the second board 12 is removed and / or snow and ice melted. The visibility of the occupants and the detection range of the sensors are improved. Although not shown, a switch is inserted between the power source 7 and the bus bars 35. The switch is closed to supply electricity to the connecting conductors 40 only when it is necessary to heat the laminated plate 10.

[0025] Each component of the laminated board 10 will be described below.

[0026] First, the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 will be described. When the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are used in the front window of an automobile as in the example shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable to use a substrate with high visible light transmittance so as not to obstruct the visibility of occupants or detection by sensors. An example of the material for the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 is soda lime glass. The visible light transmittance of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 is preferably 90% or more. Here, the visible light transmittance of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 is specified as the average value of the transmittance at each wavelength when measured using a spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Corporation's "UV-3100PC", compliant with JIS K 0115) in the measurement wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm.

[0027] The first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 preferably have a thickness of 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less. With such a thickness, the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 can have excellent strength and optical properties. The first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 may be made of the same material and configured identically, or may be different from each other in at least one of the material and the configuration.

[0028] The first bonding layer 13 and the second bonding layer 14 will be described. The first bonding layer 13 is disposed between the first substrate 11 and the conductor-attached sheet 20. The first bonding layer 13 bonds the first substrate 11 and the conductor-attached sheet 20 to each other. The second bonding layer 14 is disposed between the second substrate 12 and the conductor-attached sheet 20. The second bonding layer 14 bonds the second substrate 12 and the conductor-attached sheet 20 to each other.

[0029] The first bonding layer 13 and the second bonding layer 14 can be made of various layers made of adhesive or sticky materials. The first bonding layer 13 and the second bonding layer 14 are preferably made of materials with high visible light transmittance. A typical example of the material for the first bonding layer 13 and the second bonding layer 14 is a layer made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The thickness of the first bonding layer 13 and the second bonding layer 14 is preferably 0.15 mm or more and 1 mm or less. The first bonding layer 13 and the second bonding layer 14 may be made of the same material or may be different from each other in at least one of the material and the structure.

[0030] The laminated board 10 is not limited to the illustrated example, and other functional layers expected to exhibit specific functions may be provided. One functional layer may be configured to exhibit two or more functions, and for example, some function may be imparted to at least one of the first substrate 11 and second substrate 12 of the laminated board 10, the first bonding layer 13 and second bonding layer 14, and the base material 21 of the conductor-attached sheet 20 described below. Examples of functions that can be imparted to the laminated board 10 include an anti-reflection (AR) function, a hard coat (HC) function with scratch resistance, an infrared shielding (reflection) function, an ultraviolet shielding (reflection) function, an anti-fouling function, and a bonding function.

[0031] The conductor-equipped sheet 20 will now be described. As described above, the conductor-equipped sheet 20 has a base material 21 and conductors 30. The conductors 30 have a pair of bus bars 35 and connecting conductors 40 that connect the pair of bus bars 35. In this embodiment, the conductor-equipped sheet 20 has substantially the same planar dimensions as the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and is arranged over the entire laminated board 10. The conductor-equipped sheet 20 may be arranged only on a part of the laminated board 10, such as the front portion of the driver's seat in the example of FIG. 1 or the front portion of a photographing device installed inside the automobile. Each component of the conductor-equipped sheet 20 will now be described.

[0032] The substrate 21 supports the conductor 30. The substrate 21 is a generally transparent, electrically insulating film that transmits wavelengths in the visible light wavelength band (380 nm to 780 nm). The substrate 21 may be made of any material that transmits visible light and can adequately support the conductor 30, including, for example, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, and cyclic polyolefin. Alternatively, the substrate 21 may be made of a transparent adhesive material such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB). When the substrate 21 has adhesive properties, it can bond at least one of the substrates 11 and 12 to the conductor-attached sheet 20. When the substrate 21 has adhesive properties, at least one of the bonding layers 13 and 14 may be omitted from the laminate 10. Considering transparency, adequate support for the conductor 30, and the like, the substrate 21 preferably has a thickness of 0.03 mm or more and 0.20 mm or less.

[0033] "Transparent" means that the substrate has a degree of transparency that allows viewing from one side to the other side through the substrate, and for example, a visible light transmittance of 30% or more, more preferably 70% or more. The visible light transmittance is specified as the average value of the transmittance at each wavelength when measured using a spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Corporation's "UV-3100PC," compliant with JIS K 0115) within the measurement wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm.

[0034] The pair of bus bars 35 are spaced apart from each other. The pair of bus bars 35 are connected to each other via connecting conductors 40. The pair of bus bars 35 are connected to the wiring portion 15. Electricity is passed through the pair of bus bars 35 from the power source 7 via wiring. The pair of bus bars 35 have a resistance that is sufficiently lower than that of the connecting conductors 40. The pair of bus bars 35 are less likely to generate heat. In other words, the bus bars 35 are portions that generate significantly less heat than the connecting conductors 40. For example, the pair of bus bars 35 have a line width that is sufficiently larger than that of the connecting conductors 40 in order to reduce resistance.

[0035] The connecting conductors 40 are electrically connected to each of the pair of bus bars 35 so as to connect the pair of bus bars 35. The connecting conductors 40 can be arranged in various patterns between the pair of bus bars 35. As shown in FIG. 4, the connecting conductors 40 extend primarily in a first direction d1 and are arranged in a second direction d2. In the illustrated example, the first direction d1 and the second direction d2 are perpendicular to each other. The connecting conductors 40 may extend linearly in the first direction d1 as shown in FIG. 4, but may also be wavy lines or broken lines.

[0036] The connecting conductors 40 are devised to prevent disconnection, particularly in the vicinity of the bus bars 35. Below, some examples of bus bars 35 and connecting conductors 40 that have been devised to prevent disconnection will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0037] (First example) 5 shows a first example of the conductor 30. In the conductor 30 of this example, the connecting conductor 40 includes a first portion 51 and a second portion 52.

[0038] The first portion 51 is the main portion of the connecting conductor 40 and extends in the first direction d1. The first portion 51 occupies 50% or more of the entire length of the connecting conductor 40. 50% or more of the connecting conductor 40 extends in the first direction d1.

[0039] The second portion 52 is a portion of the connecting conductor 40 near the bus bar 35, extending from the bus bar 35 to connect to the first portion 51. The second portion 52 is disposed within a distance of 0.5 mm or less from the bus bar 35. As shown in FIG. 5 , the width of the second portion 52 decreases with increasing distance from the bus bar 35 along the second portion 52. At the portion where the second portion 52 connects to the first portion 51, the width of the second portion 52 is the same as the width of the first portion 51. The width of the first portion 51 is, for example, not less than 0.01 mm and not more than 0.5 mm.

[0040] Here, "the width of the second portion 52 becomes narrower along the second portion 52 as the distance from the busbar 35 increases" not only means that the width of the second portion 52 changes continuously according to the distance from the busbar 35 along the second portion 52, but also means that the width of the second portion 52 does not include a portion where the width of the second portion 52 increases along the second portion 52 as the distance from the busbar 35 increases. It also includes a stepwise change in the width of the second portion 52 according to the distance from the busbar 35 along the second portion 52. However, it is preferable that the width of the second portion 52 continuously narrows along the second portion 52 as the distance from the busbar 35 increases.

[0041] The length of second portion 52 along second portion 52, in other words, the path length of second portion 52, is greater than the maximum width of second portion 52, preferably greater than 3.5 times the maximum width of second portion 52, and more preferably greater than 10 times the maximum width of second portion 52. The path length of second portion 52 is, for example, not less than 0.1 mm and not more than 0.5 mm, and the maximum width of second portion 52 is, for example, not less than 0.1 mm and not more than 0.5 mm.

[0042] (Second example) 6 shows a second example of the conductor 30. In this example of the conductor 30, a portion of the edge of the busbar 35 extends in a direction inclined with respect to both the first direction d1 and the second direction d2. The connecting conductor 40 includes a first portion 51, a second portion 52, and a third portion 53.

[0043] The first portion 51 is the main portion of the connecting conductor 40 and extends in the first direction d1. The first portion 51 occupies 50% or more of the entire length of the connecting conductor 40. 50% or more of the connecting conductor 40 extends in the first direction d1.

[0044] The second portion 52 is a portion of the connecting conductor 40 near the busbar 35 and extends from the busbar 35 in the second direction d2. In particular, the second portion 52 extends from an edge of the busbar 35 that extends in a direction oblique to both the first direction d1 and the second direction d2. Here, the direction in which the second portion 52 extends from the busbar 35 refers to the tangential direction of the second portion 52 at the portion where the busbar 35 connects. The second portion 52 extends in a direction that is not perpendicular to the busbar 35. In other words, at the portion where the busbar 35 and the second portion 52 connect, the smaller of the angles formed between the direction in which the edge of the busbar 35 extends and the second direction d2 is less than 90°, preferably less than 80°.

[0045] The third portion 53 connects the first portion 51 and the second portion 52. The first portion 51 extends in the first direction d1, and the second portion 52 extends in the second direction d2, so that the third portion 53 is bent. The second portion 52 and the third portion 53 are disposed within a range of a distance of 0.5 mm or less from the bus bar 35.

[0046] The connecting conductors 40 are arranged densely. Specifically, the distance L1 between adjacent connecting conductors 40 is shorter than the length L2 of the third portions 53 along the second direction d2. In particular, the second portions 52 extending from the busbar 35 are arranged close to each other.

[0047] (Third example) 7 shows a third example of the conductor 30. The conductor 30 of this example has the same configuration as the second example of the conductor 30, except for the shape of the second portion 52. Explanations of parts other than the second portion 52 will be omitted.

[0048] 7, in the third example, the width of the second portion 52 becomes narrower along the second portion 52 as it moves away from the bus bar 35. At the portion where the second portion 52 connects to the third portion 53, the width of the second portion 52 is the same as the width of the third portion 53. The width of the third portion 53 is, for example, not less than 0.1 mm and not more than 0.5 mm.

[0049] The length of the second portion 52 along the second portion 52, in other words, the path length of the second portion 52, is greater than the maximum width of the second portion 52. The path length of the second portion 52 is, for example, not less than 0.1 mm and not more than 0.5 mm, and the maximum width of the second portion 52 is, for example, not less than 0.1 mm and not more than 0.5 mm.

[0050] (Example 4) 8 shows a fourth example of the conductor 30. In this example of the conductor 30, the connecting conductor 40 includes a mesh portion 41 and a plurality of main body portions 50. The main body portions 50 are the main portions of the connecting conductor 40, and extend as a whole in the first direction d1.

[0051] The mesh portion 41 is connected to the bus bar 35. The main body portion 50 is connected to the mesh portion 41. The mesh portion 41 is formed in a mesh shape by including a plurality of connection elements 44 that define openings 43. The mesh portion 41 is a portion of the connecting conductor 40 in the vicinity of the bus bar 35, and is arranged within a range of a distance of 0.5 mm from the bus bar 35. The connection elements 44 extend in a direction non-parallel to both the first direction d1 and the second direction d2.

[0052] In the illustrated example, a portion of the edge of the mesh portion 41 extends in a direction oblique to both the first direction d1 and the second direction d2. The main body portion 50 extends from the edge of the mesh portion 41 that extends in a direction oblique to both the first direction d1 and the second direction d2. At the portion where the mesh portion 41 and the main body portion 50 are connected, the smaller of the angles formed between the direction in which the edge of the mesh portion 41 extends and the first direction d1 in which the main body portion 50 extends is less than 90°, preferably less than 80°.

[0053] (Fifth Example) 9 shows a fifth example of the conductor 30. The conductor 30 of this example has the same configuration as the fourth example of the conductor 30, except for the shape of the main body 50. Descriptions of parts other than the main body 50 will be omitted.

[0054] In the fifth example, as shown in FIG. 9 , the main body 50 includes a first portion 51, a second portion 52, and a third portion 53. Except for the fact that the second portion 52 is connected to the mesh portion 41 instead of the bus bar 35, the configurations of the first portion 51, the second portion 52, and the third portion 53 can be the same as those of the second example of the conductor 30. The first portion 51 is the main portion of the main body 50 and extends in the first direction d1. The first portion 51 is 50% or more of the total length of the main body 50. 50% or more of the main body 50 extends in the first direction d1.

[0055] The second portion 52 is a portion of the main body 50 near the mesh portion 41, and extends from the mesh portion 41 in the second direction d2. In particular, the second portion 52 extends from an edge of the mesh portion 41 that extends in a direction inclined with respect to both the first direction d1 and the second direction d2. The second portion 52 extends in a direction that is not perpendicular to the mesh portion 41. In other words, at the portion where the mesh portion 41 and the second portion 52 are connected, the smaller of the angles formed between the direction in which the edge of the mesh portion 41 extends and the second direction d2 is less than 90°, and preferably less than 80°.

[0056] The third portion 53 connects the first portion 51 and the second portion 52. The first portion 51 extends in the first direction d1, and the second portion 52 extends in the second direction d2, so that the third portion 53 is bent. The second portion 52 and the third portion 53 are disposed within a range of a distance of 0.5 mm or less from the bus bar 35.

[0057] The main body portions 50 are arranged densely. Specifically, the interval L3 between adjacent main body portions 50 is shorter than the length L4 of the third portion 53 along the second direction d2. In particular, the second portions 52 extending from the mesh portion 41 are arranged close to each other.

[0058] (Example 6) 10 shows a sixth example of the conductor 30. The conductor 30 of this example has the same configuration as the fifth example of the conductor 30, except for the shape of the second portion 52. Explanations of parts other than the second portion 52 will be omitted.

[0059] 10, in the sixth example, the width of second portion 52 becomes narrower along second portion 52 as it moves away from mesh portion 41. At the portion where second portion 52 connects to third portion 53, the width of second portion 52 is the same as the width of third portion 53. The width of third portion 53 is, for example, not less than 0.1 mm and not more than 0.5 mm.

[0060] The length of the second portion 52 along the second portion 52, in other words, the path length of the second portion 52, is greater than the maximum width of the second portion 52. The path length of the second portion 52 is, for example, not less than 0.1 mm and not more than 0.5 mm, and the maximum width of the second portion 52 is, for example, not less than 0.1 mm and not more than 0.5 mm.

[0061] As described above, the connecting conductors 40 may be formed using an opaque metal material. The proportion of the area of ​​the substrate 21 that is not covered by the connecting conductors 40, i.e., the uncovered rate, is high, approximately 70% to 90%. The line width of the connecting conductors 40 is approximately 2 μm to 20 μm. The area where the connecting conductors 40 are provided is perceived as being transparent overall, so that the presence of the connecting conductors 40 does not impair the transparency of the laminate 10.

[0062] 3, connecting conductor 40 has an overall rectangular cross section. The average line width W of connecting conductor 40, i.e., the average width W along the surface of laminated plate 10, is preferably 2 μm to 20 μm, and the average height (thickness) H, i.e., the average height (thickness) H along the normal direction to the surface of laminated plate 10, is preferably 1 μm to 60 μm. Connecting conductor 40 with these dimensions is sufficiently thinned, making connecting conductor 40 effectively invisible.

[0063] As described above, from the viewpoint of ensuring the transparency of the laminated sheet 10 or the field of view through the laminated sheet 10, the connecting conductors 40 are formed on the substrate 21 so as to increase the non-coverage rate (also called the aperture rate). As a result, as shown in FIG. 4 , the bonding layer 13 and the substrate 21 of the conductor-attached sheet 20 are in contact with each other through the portions between adjacent connecting conductors 40. The connecting conductors 40 are embedded in the bonding layer 13.

[0064] As shown in FIG. 3 , the connecting conductor 40 may include a conductive layer 47, a first dark layer 48 covering the surface of the conductive layer 47 facing the first substrate 11, and a second dark layer 49 covering the surface of the conductive layer 47 facing the second substrate 12 and both side surfaces. The connecting conductor 40 preferably includes at least the first dark layer 48. The conductive layer 47, made of a metal material with excellent conductivity, exhibits relatively high reflectivity. When light is reflected by the conductive layer 47 of the connecting conductor 40, the reflected light becomes visible and may obstruct the occupant's field of vision. If the conductive layer 47 is visible from the outside, the design may be impaired. The first dark layer 48 and the second dark layer 49 cover at least a portion of the surface of the conductive layer 47. The first dark layer 48 and the second dark layer 49 may be layers with a lower reflectivity of visible light than the conductive layer 47, such as dark layers in black. The first dark color layer 48 and the second dark color layer 49 make it difficult to see the conductive layer 47, thereby ensuring good visibility for the occupants and preventing a decrease in the design when viewed from the outside.

[0065] Although not shown, the bus bar 35 may also have a conductive layer made of a metal material and a dark layer formed on the surface of the conductive layer. The dark layer makes the conductive layer, which has a relatively high reflectivity, less visible, ensuring good visibility for the occupants and the imaging device. This also prevents a loss of design when viewed from the outside.

[0066] Examples of materials for forming such connecting conductors 40 and bus bars 35 include metals such as gold, silver, copper, platinum, aluminum, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, palladium, indium, and tungsten, as well as one or more alloys containing one or more of these metals.

[0067] Next, an example of a method for manufacturing the laminated board 10 will be described.

[0068] 11, a dark film 48a that will form the first dark layer 48 is provided on the substrate 21, and a metal film 47a that will form the conductive layer 47 is provided on the dark film 48a. The metal film 47a and the dark film 48a can be formed by a known method. For example, a method of attaching a metal foil such as copper foil, a plating method including electroplating and electroless plating, a sputtering method, a CVD method, a PVD method, an ion plating method, or a combination of two or more of these methods can be used.

[0069] 12, a resist pattern 55 is provided on the metal film 47a. The resist pattern 55 has a shape corresponding to the connecting conductor 40 to be formed. The resist pattern 55 includes a shape corresponding to the shape of the connecting conductor 40. The resist pattern 55 can be formed by patterning using a known photolithography technique.

[0070] Next, the metal film 47a and the dark color film 48a are etched using the resist pattern 55 as a mask. By etching, the metal film 47a and the dark color film 48a are patterned into substantially the same pattern as the resist pattern 55. As shown in FIG. 13, the patterned metal film 47a forms a conductive layer 47 that will become part of the connecting conductor 40. The patterned dark color film 48a forms a first dark color layer 48 that will become part of the connecting conductor 40.

[0071] The etching method is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used. Known methods include, for example, wet etching using an etching solution, plasma etching, etc. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 14, the resist pattern 55 is removed.

[0072] 15, a second dark layer 49 is formed on the surface of the conductive layer 47 opposite to the surface on which the first dark layer 48 is formed, as well as on the side surface. The second dark layer 49 can be formed, for example, by subjecting a portion of the material forming the conductive layer 47 to a darkening treatment (blackening treatment), thereby forming the second dark layer 49 made of metal oxide or metal sulfide from the portion that previously formed the conductive layer 47. The second dark layer 49 may be formed on the surface of the conductive layer 47. The second dark layer 49 may be formed by roughening the surface of the conductive layer 47.

[0073] Through the above steps, connecting conductors 40 are formed on substrate 21. The pair of bus bars 35 may be formed integrally with connecting conductors 40 by patterning metal film 47a, or may be formed as conductors separate from connecting conductors 40 provided on substrate 21. By forming conductors 30 having connecting conductors 40 and a pair of bus bars 35 on substrate 21, a conductor-attached sheet 20 is produced.

[0074] 16, the first bonding layer 13 and the first substrate 11 are placed on top of each other from the side of the conductors 30, thereby bonding the conductor-attached sheet 20 to the first substrate 11. Similarly, the second bonding layer 14 and the second substrate 12 are placed on top of each other from the side of the base material 21, thereby bonding the conductor-attached sheet 20 to the second substrate 12. This completes the production of the laminate 10 shown in FIG.

[0075] When a conventional laminate having conductors is processed, the laminate may be deformed, such as by bending. When the laminate is deformed, the connecting conductors of the conductors are also deformed. If the connecting conductors extend in the direction of deformation, bending stress is applied to the connecting conductors, causing them to be stretched. This can result in breakage of the connecting conductors. In particular, stress tends to concentrate at the connection points between the connecting conductors and the busbar, making the connecting conductors prone to breakage.

[0076] In some examples of the conductor 30 of this embodiment, the connection conductor 40 includes a mesh portion 41 that connects to the bus bar 35 and a plurality of body portions 50 that connect to the mesh portion 41 and extend in the first direction d1. The mesh portion 41 includes a plurality of connection elements 44 that define openings 43. The connection elements 44 extend in a direction non-parallel to the first direction d1. The portion of the connection conductor 40 that connects to the bus bar 35 is the mesh portion 41. Even if stress concentrates on the mesh portion 41, which is the portion where the connection conductor 40 and the bus bar 35 are connected, the mesh portion 41 can absorb the stress by deforming. The connection conductor 40 is less likely to break. Because the connection elements 44 extend in a direction non-parallel to the first direction d1 in which the body portions 50 extend, stress applied to the connection elements 44 is reduced even when the conductor 30 is extended in the first direction d1. The connection elements 44 are less likely to break.

[0077] The main body portion 50 includes a first portion 51 extending in the first direction d1, a second portion extending from the mesh portion 41 in the second direction d2, and a third portion 53 connecting the first portion 51 and the second portion 52. The connection element 44 also extends in a direction non-parallel to the second direction d2. Even if the conductor 30 is extended in the second direction d2, the stress applied to the connection element 44 is reduced. The connection element 44 is less likely to break. The distance L3 between adjacent main body portions 50 is shorter than the length L4 of the third portion 53 along the second direction d2. The main body portions 50 are arranged densely. The main body portions 50 can be arranged in a space-saving manner.

[0078] At the portion where the mesh portion 41 and the second portion 52 are connected, the smaller of the angles formed by the direction in which the connecting elements 44 extend and the second direction d2 is less than 90°. Even if the second portion 52 extends in the second direction d2, stress is unlikely to be applied to the portion where the mesh portion 41 and the second portion 52 are connected. Disconnection is unlikely to occur at the portion where the mesh portion 41 and the second portion 52 are connected.

[0079] In some examples of the conductor 30 of this embodiment, the connecting conductor 40 includes a first portion 51 extending in the first direction d1, a second portion extending from the bus bar 35 in the second direction d2, and a third portion 53 connecting the first portion 51 and the second portion 52. Because the second portion 52 extends in the second direction d2, which is different from the first direction d1 in which the first portion 51 extends, stress applied to the second portion 52 is reduced even when the conductor 30 is extended in the first direction d1. The second portion 52 is less likely to break. The spacing L1 between adjacent connecting conductors 40 is smaller than the length L2 of the third portion 53 along the second direction d2. The connecting conductors 40 are arranged densely. The connecting conductors 40 can be arranged in a space-saving manner.

[0080] At the portion where the busbar 35 and the second portion 52 are connected, the smaller of the angles formed between the direction in which the connecting element 44 extends and the second direction d2 is less than 90°. Even if the second portion 52 extends in the second direction d2, stress is unlikely to be applied to the portion where the busbar 35 and the second portion 52 are connected. Breakage is unlikely to occur at the portion where the busbar 35 and the second portion 52 are connected.

[0081] In some examples of the conductor 30 of this embodiment, the width of the second portion 52 becomes thinner along the second portion 52 as it moves away from the bus bar 35. In other words, the width of the second portion 52 becomes thicker in the vicinity of the bus bar 35. In addition, the length of the second portion 52 along the second portion 52 is greater than the maximum width of the second portion 52. In other words, the length of the second portion 52 is sufficiently long. The portion where the bus bar 35 and the second portion 52 are connected is less likely to break.

[0082] As described above, the conductor 30 of this embodiment includes a pair of bus bars 35 and a connecting conductor 40 connecting the pair of bus bars 35. The connecting conductor 40 includes a mesh portion 41 connected to the bus bars 35 and a plurality of main body portions 50 connected to the mesh portion 41 and extending in the first direction d1. The mesh portion 41 includes a plurality of connecting elements 44 defining openings 43, and the connecting elements 44 extend in a direction non-parallel to the first direction d1. With this type of conductor 30, even if stress concentrates on the mesh portion 41, the mesh portion 41 can deform to absorb the stress, and the connecting elements 44 extend in a direction non-parallel to the first direction d1. Therefore, the connecting elements 44 are less likely to break. This makes it possible to prevent breakage of the connecting conductor 40.

[0083] Various modifications can be made to the above-described embodiment.

[0084] In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the laminated plate 10 is formed into a curved surface has been shown, but the present invention is not limited to this example, and the laminated plate 10 may be formed into a flat plate shape.

[0085] The laminated sheet 10 may be used for the rear window of the automobile 1. The laminated sheet 10 may also be used for the front of an emblem or a light cover for the automobile 1. When used for an emblem or a light cover, the substrates 11 and 12 of the laminated sheet 10 may be formed of a material other than glass, for example, a transparent resin. The laminated sheet 10 may also be used for the transparent portions of windows or doors of moving bodies other than automobiles, such as railway vehicles, aircraft, ships, and spacecraft.

[0086] The laminated board 10 can be used not only for mobile objects but also for areas that separate the interior and exterior of a room, such as the transparent portions of windows or doors of buildings, stores, and houses, windows or doors of buildings, and transparent portions of windows or doors of storage or storage facilities such as refrigerators, display boxes, and cupboards. [Explanation of symbols]

[0087] 1. Automobiles 5. Front window 7 Power 10 laminated board 11 First board 12 Second board 13 1st bonding layer 14 Second bonding layer 20 Conductor sheet 21 Base material 30 Conductors 35 Busbar 40 Connecting conductor 41 Mesh section 43 Opening 44 connecting elements 50 Main body 51 Part 1 52 Part 2 53 Part 3

Claims

1. A pair of bus bars; a connecting conductor connecting the pair of bus bars, the connecting conductor includes a mesh portion connected to the bus bar and a plurality of main body portions connected to the mesh portion, the main body portion includes a first portion extending in a first direction, a second portion extending from the mesh portion in a second direction non-parallel to the first direction, and a third portion bent to connect the first portion and the second portion, the mesh portion includes a plurality of connecting elements defining openings; The connection elements that make up the mesh portion are conductors that extend in a direction non-parallel to the first direction and non-parallel to the second direction.

2. the third portion includes a portion extending from the second portion in the first direction and a portion extending from the first portion in the second direction, and is bent at a connection portion between the portion extending in the first direction and the portion extending in the second direction, The conductor according to claim 1 , wherein the distance between adjacent main body portions is shorter than the length of the third portion along the second direction.

3. The conductor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at the portion where the mesh portion and the second portion are connected, the smaller of the angles formed between the direction in which the connecting element extends and the second direction is less than 90°.

4. The conductor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first portion is 50% or more of the total length of the main body portion.

5. A pair of bus bars facing each other in a first direction; a plurality of connecting conductors connecting the pair of bus bars, the connecting conductor includes a first portion extending in the first direction, a second portion extending from the bus bar in a second direction non-parallel to the first direction, and a third portion connecting the first portion and the second portion, the third portion includes a portion extending from the second portion in the first direction and a portion extending from the first portion in the second direction, and is bent at a connection portion between the portion extending in the first direction and the portion extending in the second direction, the distance between adjacent connecting conductors is shorter than the length of the third portion along the second direction; The bus bar has an edge to which the second portion connects, the edge being inclined in both the first direction and the second direction.

6. 6. The conductor according to claim 5, wherein at a portion where the bus bar and the second portion are connected, the smaller of the angles formed between the direction in which the edge of the bus bar extends and the second direction is less than 90°.

7. A conductor described in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the second part is arranged at a distance from the bus bar of 0.5 mm or less.

8. The conductor according to claim 1 , wherein the first portion is 50% or more of the total length of the connecting conductor.

9. the width of the second portion narrows along the second portion as it approaches the third portion; 9. The electrical conductor of claim 1, wherein a length of the second portion along the second portion is greater than a maximum width of the second portion.

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