Crane operation meter and crane maintenance service method using the function of the crane operation meter

Abstract

To provide a crane operation meter, and a crane maintenance and service method for managing an integrated value of the number of operations, operation time, and a moving distance for the lifted load value, and for grasping the replacement cycle and the timing of the next replacement for each component part of the crane.SOLUTION: A crane operation meter has a load measuring device part to detect the load value of a crane suspended load. The crane operation meter has a lifting integrated number meter which divides and segments the range from 0 t to a rated load into load ranges WP at certain intervals, measures the load every time the crane operates in the lifting direction, temporally stores the maximum load value from the measured load value, adds the lifting integration count once to the divided segment of the load range to which the maximum measured load value belongs when unloading a suspended load, resets the maximum load value, and performs remeasurement. Furthermore, the crane operation meter has the function to add cumulatively the operation time and moving distance measured at that time to an integration time meter and integration distance meter in the load range segment to which the measured load value during the operating in the winding up / down direction belongs.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a crane operation meter that is useful for preventive maintenance of cranes by accumulating and managing the number of times, time, and amount of movement relative to load values, which are major factors in crane deterioration, in managing the deterioration tendency of cranes, and a crane maintenance service method that uses the functions of the crane operation meter. [Background technology]

[0002] Some cranes always handle loads up to their rated load, while others usually handle light loads and only occasionally lift heavy loads. Since the deterioration of a crane is largely dependent on the load factor, the standards for crane manufacturing dictate that the crane be designed based primarily on the lifting load value, lifespan, and number of lifespans. However, overhead cranes and the like are rarely equipped with load meters, and the current situation is that there is no management of how they are used in relation to the lifting load value, life time, and number of life cycles set at the time of manufacture. Cranes are equipped with a variety of components, each of which has different factors that affect their deterioration and different tendencies. Therefore, the skills of highly skilled technicians are required to understand the status of all of these components, prevent breakdowns and crane stoppages, and ensure stable operation of the production line, and there is a demand for equipment to assist technicians in maintaining cranes.

[0003] Among the components of cranes, wire ropes are commonly used for lifespan prediction, and various calculation methods have been proposed by various organizations to calculate their lifespan. However, even when the same specifications are substituted, the calculation results of these lifespan calculation formulas can vary by more than two times, and there are also large discrepancies when comparing the results of actual use with the calculation results.

[0004] On the other hand, for elevators, hoists, and the like, which are mass-produced with the same structure, techniques have been proposed for calculating life spans based on test data, as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, for example. However, with club-type cranes that are individually produced, it is difficult to obtain data in advance for predicting the lifespan of products with the same structure. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-252541 [Patent Document 2] JP 2020-40801 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] Cranes are made up of a variety of parts, some of which are affected by the load they are lifting and some of which are not, some of which deteriorate with the number of starts, some of which deteriorate with the number of lifts, and some of which deteriorate with the amount of movement.As each part has different factors and rates of deterioration, managing the deterioration trends of crane components currently requires the extensive experience of a maintenance technician, and there is a desire to reduce the burden on maintenance technicians.

[0007] By the way, in order to manage the deterioration tendency of each part that makes up the crane, it is necessary to reset the life count of the replaced part every time a part is replaced. This created an issue where trend management of crane components was becoming a mere formality.

[0008] Furthermore, in order to manage the load value when lifting a load, which is a major variable that affects the rate at which a crane deteriorates, it is necessary to incorporate a large-scale computer system or an expensive weighing system, making it difficult to popularize this technology for general cranes.

[0009] Incidentally, Patent Document 2 introduces a method of detecting the load value from the motor current value and a method of detecting the load value using a load cell. However, the method of detecting the load value from the motor current value has the problem that, since the load cannot be detected when the motor is stopped, if the measured load value is used as is, an erroneous deterioration judgment may be made. In addition, the load value detected by the load cell varies depending on the operating conditions of the crane, causing the load cell's detected value to fluctuate continuously, which posed a problem as the deterioration assessment could vary greatly depending on the timing of the load value used.

[0010] In view of the problems with conventional cranes described above, the present invention has an object to provide a crane operation meter and a crane maintenance service method using the functions of the crane operation meter, which focuses on the lifted load value, which has a significant effect on crane deterioration, and which chronologically manages the integrated values ​​of the number of operations, operation time, and travel distance in relation to the lifted load value, thereby determining the replacement cycle and the next replacement date for each component part of the crane. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the crane operation meter of the present invention does not record the calculation results based on the deterioration determination formula, but records the load value, which is a variable when performing the deterioration determination calculation, and the integrated value of the number of times and travel distance at that time, and when displaying the data, substitutes the recorded values ​​into the deterioration calculation formula to perform the calculation. In this way, even if it is later discovered that the deterioration determination calculation differs from the actual deterioration state, the calculation can be recalculated by later changing the deterioration calculation formula. Furthermore, when recording the load value, rather than recording the load value each time it was lifted, the range from 0t to the rated load was divided into certain load ranges, and the number of lifts, operating time, and accumulated distance traveled were measured for each load range, thereby significantly reducing the amount of data to be recorded. This allows the memory capacity to be large enough to be stored in a sequencer equipped for crane control, eliminating the need for a separate load recording computer and making it possible to widely use the device with general-purpose cranes. Furthermore, by storing records of the integrated values ​​of the operating conditions for each load range, for example, integrated values ​​for each period such as each month, in the memory device, and displaying the values ​​stored in the memory device together with the stored load conditions on the display device, the dates recorded in the maintenance records such as the inspection book and parts replacement records can be compared with the records of the crane operation meter corresponding to those dates, and the subsequent lifespan formula for that part can be calculated from the operating records of the replacement interval for that part. This makes it possible to determine the lifespan of a crane, which was previously difficult using a uniform deterioration determination formula due to differences in the characteristics of each crane and the condition of the equipment below the crane.However, by deriving a deterioration determination formula based on the results of actual use of the crane, it is now possible to predict the next replacement date.

[0012] The method for measuring the load value of a crane's suspended load is a method for converting the torque value or power value of the hoisting motor into a load value, and when the hoisting motor accelerates up to a set load measurement rotation speed while the crane is operating in the hoisting direction, the acceleration is stopped once, and the load value is measured at a constant speed, and if the load measurement result is greater than the value of the load value data that has already been temporarily stored, the newly measured load value measurement result is overwritten on the already temporarily stored load value data, and if the operation in the hoisting direction is stopped and the hoisting operation is performed again, the load is measured every time the load measurement rotation speed is reached, and if the load measurement value is greater than the value of the temporarily stored load value data that has already been stored, the newly measured load value is overwritten on the temporarily stored load value data, and then when the operation of lowering or releasing the load is performed, the temporarily stored load data at that time is overwritten The accumulated number recorded in the load range division corresponding to the load range divided into certain load ranges is incremented by one, and upon incrementing the accumulated number by one, zero is written into the temporarily stored load value data, and the next measurement is performed. This makes it possible to measure the load and number of times a load is applied to a crane, even with a load measurement method that can only measure the load at a certain point while the motor is rotating, and makes it possible to widely equip general cranes with a crane operation meter used to determine crane fatigue due to lifting loads.

[0013] The load value measurement method for a crane's suspended load is a method of converting the torque value or power value, etc. of the hoisting motor into a load value, and begins measuring time and distance at the same time that the crane starts operating in the hoisting or lowering direction, and ends the measurement of time and distance when the hoisting or lowering operation stops. At the same time, the results of the time and distance measurements at that time are added to the integrating operation time meter and integrating distance meter for the load range described above to which the load value measured during the hoisting or lowering operation belongs. If the hoisting or lowering time is too short to measure the load, the load measurement value measured previously is used as the operation time, and the results of the time and distance measurements are added to the integrating operation time meter and integrating distance meter for the same load range described above. The load value is not updated until the next load measurement is performed, so that the integrated operation time and integrated travel distance of hoisting and lowering can be measured for each load range without the need for an expensive load cell, and this load measurement method can be used only while the motor is rotating, and can be widely installed on ordinary cranes.

[0014] The method for measuring the load value of a load suspended by a crane is a method in which the load value is detected by a load cell attached to the hoisting device, and the load value is measured after the crane stops operating in the hoisting direction. If the measured load value is greater than the value of the load value data that has already been temporarily stored, the newly measured load value is overwritten on the already temporarily stored load value data. Thereafter, the operation in the hoisting direction is stopped and the hoisting operation is repeated, and a load is measured each time the operation in the hoisting direction is stopped. If the measured load value is greater than the value of the temporarily stored load value data, the newly measured load value is overwritten on the temporarily stored load value data. Thereafter, when the load cell measures a load near zero load or tare load, the temporarily stored load data at that time is added once to the cumulative number of times for the load range that corresponds to the load range, and in response to this addition to the cumulative number, zero is written into the temporarily stored load value data, thereby making it possible to measure the number of times a load has been applied to the crane for each of the load ranges under the load measurement conditions from the load cell that change sequentially.

[0015] The method for measuring the load value of a load suspended by a crane is a method in which detection is performed using a load cell attached to the hoisting device. While the crane is operating in the hoisting and lowering directions, the load value that is constantly input from the load cell load meter to the calculation device is read at each specified clock cycle, and the clock cycle time and the distance obtained by multiplying that time by the speed are added to the integrating hour meter and integrating distance meter for the load range described above to which the load value belongs. This makes it possible to measure the integrated operating time and integrated travel distance of hoisting and lowering for each load range in the load measurement situation from the load cell, which changes sequentially.

[0016] The method for measuring the load value of a crane is a method for converting the torque value or power value of a hoisting motor into a load value, and the method measures the load while the crane is operating in the hoisting or lowering direction, holds the latest load measurement value, and adds one to the number of horizontal operations in the load range to which the latest load measurement value belongs when each horizontal operation such as traverse, travel, or swing stops, and adds the time and distance from the start of each horizontal operation to the accumulator of the horizontal operation such as traverse, travel, or swing, and the measurement values ​​of the time and distance from the start of each horizontal operation to the accumulator of the horizontal operation to which the latest load measurement value belongs when each horizontal operation stops, and is a load measurement method that can only be measured while the motor is rotating, and The integrated number of horizontal movements, integrated operation time, and integrated movement distance of each horizontal movement such as traversing, traveling, or turning can be measured for each range, and the device can be widely installed on general cranes that are not equipped with expensive load cells.

[0017] The method for measuring the load value of a crane's suspended load is a method that detects it using a load cell attached to the hoisting device, and an accumulator counter adds once to the accumulator counter for each horizontal movement in the load range to which the load value measured when the horizontal movement such as traversing, traveling or swinging belongs when it is started, and the measurement results of the time and distance until the horizontal movement stops are added to the accumulator counter and accumulator distance counter for each horizontal movement in the load range to which the load value measured when the horizontal movement started belongs when each horizontal movement stops, making it possible to measure the accumulator count, accumulator operation time and accumulator movement distance for each horizontal movement such as traversing, traveling or swinging for each load range in the load measurement situation that changes sequentially.

[0018] The stored value of the accumulator for each load range on a certain date is read from the memory area, and the sum of a certain load value for each load range, for example the center value of the load range, and the tare weight of the moving object is divided by the combined value of the rated load value and the tare weight of the moving object, and the result is raised to the nth power. This value is then multiplied by the stored value of the accumulator for that load range on that date, and the sum of the calculation results for all load ranges raised to the nth power is taken, and this value is used as the fatigue deterioration coefficient due to repeated stress for each n number. The above calculation is performed for each n number, and the calculation results are displayed along with the date. This allows the replacement intervals of crane components that deteriorate due to fatigue caused by repeated stress to be quantitatively determined using the deterioration coefficient, and the next replacement time for deteriorated components to be quantitatively determined. In this case, the load range, rated load, and tare load are fixed values, so the calculation results of adding, dividing, and multiplying the load values ​​by n are also fixed values. By storing these fixed calculation results in a computer, calculations can be easily performed even using a sequencer installed for control, and the system can be widely adopted in general cranes without installing a large-scale computer.

[0019] The stored value of the travel distance for each load range on a certain date is retrieved from the memory area, the sum of a certain load value and the tare weight of the moving object within the load range in that memory area is divided by the sum of the rated load value and the tare weight of the moving object, the result is raised to the nth power, and this value is multiplied by the stored value of the travel distance for that load range on that date, and the sum of the calculated values ​​for all load ranges for that n number is taken for the nth power of each load range, and this value is used as the deterioration coefficient for wear for that n number, and the above calculation is performed for each n number, and the calculation results are displayed together with the date from the memory area that was retrieved. This allows the replacement intervals of components of the crane that deteriorate due to wear to be quantitatively determined using the deterioration coefficient, and the next replacement timing for deteriorated components to be quantitatively determined. The result of this calculation of the nth power of the load value can be used in common with the value in the previous section, so it can be easily calculated even by the sequencer installed for control purposes, and can be widely adopted for general cranes.

[0020] The number of times the equalizer sheave swings is recorded along with the value of the load being lifted, and a value calculated based on the load rate and the number of times the equalizer sheave swings is displayed as the wire rope deterioration coefficient, making it possible to accurately grasp the deterioration lifespan of the wire rope.

[0021] By measuring the number of starts and the cumulative power-on time of all or any of the moving parts of the crane, such as hoisting and lowering, traversing, and traveling, and the main power supply, and storing and displaying this data for each date, it is possible to quantitatively grasp the replacement intervals for parts that deteriorate simply due to the number of movements, regardless of the load being lifted, and to quantitatively grasp the next replacement period due to deterioration.

[0022] In addition to, or instead of, displaying the values ​​stored in the memory unit and the stored load status on the display unit together with the date, it is possible to grasp the deterioration status of the crane from a remote location by connecting a wireless or other data communication unit to the sequencer and reading out the stored data of the crane operation meter inside the sequencer from a remotely installed computer. At this time, the crane operation meter completes measurement, storage, and calculation within the crane, so even if communication from remote locations is interrupted, the inside of the crane will continue to operate normally, and when communication is restored, the remote location will be able to continue monitoring normally.

[0023] Furthermore, for a crane equipped with the crane operation meter of the present invention, by understanding the parts replacement history of the crane, it is possible to estimate the deterioration index of that part, provide information on the next replacement time for that part when the deterioration index reaches, and provide a service that announces the part replacement when the time for replacement of that part approaches. [Effects of the Invention]

[0024] According to the crane operation meter of the present invention and the crane maintenance service method using the functions of the crane operation meter, in a crane where the lifting load value is a large variable factor in the deterioration of component parts, when load measurement is performed using motor torque or the like which cannot be measured when the crane is stopped, or when a load cell whose measured values ​​fluctuate sequentially is used, it is possible to manage the integrated values ​​of the number of operations, operating time and travel distance at the load value at that time in chronological order, and the processing capacity of the crane control sequencer can be used to appropriately grasp the deterioration index for each replacement cycle of the crane's component parts and the next time when those parts will deteriorate. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0025] [Figure 1] 1 is an example of a single line diagram of a crane equipped with a crane operation meter of the present invention. [Figure 2] 10 is an example of a display screen of a lifting operation recorder of a crane operation meter of the present invention. [Figure 3] 10 is an example of a display screen of a hoisting deterioration index of a crane operation meter according to the present invention. [Figure 4] 4 is a time chart illustrating measurement timing of the crane operation meter of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the deterioration coefficient of a wire rope. [Figure 6]10 is an example of a display screen of an operation recorder of a crane operation meter according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0026] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the crane operation meter of the present invention will be described based on examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] FIG. 1 shows an example of a single line diagram of a crane equipped with a crane operation meter of the present invention. In recent years, it has become common to use an AC squirrel-cage induction motor for the motor IM and an inverter for the control device INV to drive cranes. The crane of this embodiment is controlled by a sequencer PC, and an operation signal CC sent between the crane and the control device INV stops the operation of the control device INV, thereby driving the motor IM. In the hoisting MH circuit, the torque monitor TM issued by the control device INV is monitored by the sequencer PC, and is used to control operation such as exceeding the rated speed when the load is light. Inverter torque detection is performed by performing vector calculations on the motor current and converting the torque current value into torque, or by using a motor speed sensor to convert motor slip into torque.In crane hoisting devices, since the load value of the suspended load and the hoisting motor torque value are proportional, the load value being hoisted by the crane can be estimated from the hoisting motor torque value. Also, even if torque detection is not provided, such as when the machine is powered by commercial electricity, there is a method of measuring the power consumption value of the hoisting motor with a wattmeter and converting it into a load value. However, methods for measuring load values ​​using motor torque or motor power cannot detect loads unless the motor is energized and rotating. Also, since accuracy is poor when the motor is rotating at low speeds, it is necessary to accelerate the motor to a specified high speed, such as a rated speed, to measure the load, stop the acceleration once, and then measure the load when the motor is rotating at a stable, constant speed. At this time, by calibrating separately for the winding-up direction and the winding-down direction, it is possible to measure the load both when winding up and when winding down. This method of detecting the load value using motor torque or motor power allows for the construction of a system at low cost, but since the load value can only be determined the instant the motor reaches high speed operation such as rated speed, it becomes important to consider how to handle the measured value at each time.

[0028] Incidentally, when designing a crane, regulations stipulate that the structural component should be determined in relation to the number of lifts based on the cube mean of the load rate, and the lifespan of the mechanical component should be determined in relation to time, and a safety factor should be determined based on this, so that the design takes lifespan into consideration. However, cranes equipped with systems that record the history of lifting load rates and the number and duration of lifting at those load rates are not widely available, and there was a demand for a system that could be easily attached to any crane to manage load rates and operation history.

[0029] The parts that make up a crane are affected by the load lifted by the crane and deteriorate due to fatigue caused by repeated loads. As shown in formula (1), the part life L1 is proportional to the nth power of the load rate W and the cumulative number of lifts AN, where n can be 1, 3, 5, or 7 depending on the part, but is generally 3. At this time, the constant K1 differs depending on the individual crane and each individual component. L1=K1×W n ×AN ···(1) Equation (2) is the relationship between the component lifespan L2 for components that wear out due to the load being lifted, and is proportional to the nth power of the load rate W and the cumulative distance AD. In this case, n can be 1, 3, 5, or 7 depending on the component, but is generally 3. The constant K2 will differ depending on the individual crane and each individual component. L2=K2×W n ×AD ···(2) Incidentally, with cranes that are produced individually, it is difficult to determine the constants K1 and K2 in advance using experimental formulas, etc., as there are individual differences between each crane and each part. In the crane operation meter of the present invention, the variables of the load rate W, the cumulative number of lifts AN, and the cumulative distance AD ​​are counted in chronological order, and the results of calculating the variable parts using equations (3) and (4) are displayed in chronological order as the fatigue index C1 and the wear index C2, making it easy to find the constants K1 and K2 of each component part and to easily determine when the next replacement will occur. C1=W n ×AN ···(3) C2=W n ×AD ···(4) Here, the load factor W used in equations (3) and (4) can be calculated by dividing the sum of the actual load WA and the tare load WH by the sum of the crane's rated load WB and the tare load WH, as shown in equation (5). W = (WA + WH) / (WB + WH) (5) In the case of an overhead crane, the tare load WH at this time is the weight of the hoisting equipment when hoisting, the sum of the weight of the hoisting equipment and the weight of the club trolley when traveling, and the tare load when traveling plus the load value of the crane girder when traveling.

[0030] If the method used to predict the life span is to record the results of calculations using equations (1) and (2), then if the constants K1 and K2 are incorrect, all the measurements made up to that point will be wasted. For example, different formulas are used to calculate the lifespan of wire ropes, but the results vary by more than two times and do not match the results of actual use, so they cannot be used as is. Therefore, the crane operation meter of the present invention does not record the results of life calculations, but uses variables. The cumulative number of lifts AN and cumulative distance AD ​​for the load rate W when lifting a certain load are recorded in the sequencer PC, and when they are displayed on the display PG, the calculations of formulas (3) and (4) are performed. This allows the life calculation formula to be adjusted at any time based on results under operating conditions.

[0031] Incidentally, if the load rate W is recorded every time a load is lifted, a large-scale computer is required, and the system cannot be extended to inexpensive cranes. In the crane operation meter of the present invention, as shown on the display screen of the lifting operation recorder in Figure 2, the range from 0t to the rated load is divided into load ranges WP at certain intervals, and the accumulated number of times AN, accumulated time AT, and accumulated distance AD ​​of the load range WP to which the load value measured during the lifting operation belongs are accumulated and added, making it easy to record even with the memory capacity of the sequence control sequencer PC equipped on the crane. In addition, by dividing the load range into WP, when calculating the nth power of the load rate in equations (3) and (4), for example, when the load range WP in Figure 2 is 100 to 90%, the cube calculation is performed by cubing 0.95, which is the center value within that range, to 0.86, which is the W of the load range WP of 100 to 90%. 3 By storing the value of in the sequencer PC, equations (3) and (4) can be calculated without performing n-th power calculations, and the calculations can be easily performed even on a sequencer PC for sequence control. Specifically, when calculating the fatigue index C1, for example, the n value in each load range is calculated as the cube of the load rate W n The stored value of the calculation result is called up, and multiplied by the stored value of the cumulative number of times AN for each load range WP, and the total of the fatigue index C1 values ​​for all load ranges is calculated and displayed as the fatigue coefficient using a cube calculation.

[0032] If you try to automatically report the lifespan of each part that makes up a crane, you will need to reset the count for that part when it is replaced.If you forget to reset the count or the formula for calculating the lifespan is incorrect, the entire system will become meaningless. In reality, in maintenance management, even if the system's count reset operation is neglected, when a crane component is replaced, the replaced part and the date of replacement are recorded in the work record, inspection book, actual item, etc. The crane operation meter of the present invention records and saves the accumulated records from the time the operation meter is installed at the end of each month and year, and has a memory storage capacity of 60 months' worth of records at the end of each month and 30 years' worth of records at the end of each year. As a result, by comparing the parts replacement cycle recorded in the maintenance record with the monthly change in the deterioration coefficient using the crane operation meter of the present invention, it is possible to easily determine the deterioration coefficient value that will be the end of the part's lifespan, and easily determine when the next deterioration coefficient will be required to replace the part. The recording period for monthly tallying is set to 2.5 crane performance inspection periods every 24 months, and the recording period for yearly tallying is set taking into account the lifespan of the crane operation meter of the present invention, with records exceeding that period being deleted starting with the oldest. In this case, even if the operation meter of the present invention continues to be used for more than 30 years, only the totals at the turn of the year after 30 years will be erased, and the accumulated measurement values ​​from the time the device was installed to the present and the records at the turn of the year for the most recent 30 years will not be erased, so there will be no operational problems.

[0033] The specific method for recording 60 months of data is to create a write area at the beginning of the 60-month data area, and overwrite each cumulative record since the crane operation meter was installed along with the year and month data.If a discrepancy occurs between the year and month written in this write area and the calendar data value held by the programmable controller PC, the entire 60-month data area is shifted by the data frame of the write area, and when the shift is complete, the year and month data in the write area is overwritten with the calendar data value. This creates a stack pointer in the PLC PC, and the write area frame is set as a data frame for one month, and the oldest data is lined up one month at a time, and the most recent 60 months' worth of data is written at that time. The accumulated data is recorded along with the year and month data. For annual data, the same process is used to record cumulative data at the end of each year for 30 years.

[0034] On the display screen of Fig. 2, the numbers enclosed in square frames show the recorded values ​​in the data area, and when the screen of Fig. 2 is displayed, the data in the write area of ​​the memory area is called up first, and the data for the current total number of times AN, total time AT, and total distance AD ​​for each load range WP is displayed along with the date. Then, by operating the date selection switch DS, the read area shifts by one pitch of the stack pointer in the memory area, allowing past data to be checked. If the recorded data is displayed as is, the accumulated data up to that month will be displayed, but by subtracting the accumulated data from one month older than that accumulated data and displaying it, the operating status for that month can also be displayed.

[0035] When the winding deterioration coefficient screen in Figure 3 is displayed, the stored values ​​of the cumulative number of times AN, cumulative time AT, and cumulative distance AD ​​for that year and month are called up from the memory area of ​​the date selected with the date selection switch DS. For example, the fatigue index EC of the cube index 3S is calculated by multiplying the cumulative number of times AN in each load range WP of the called data by the W of the corresponding load range WP. 3 Multiply the calculated constant by W for all load ranges WP 3 The sum of the multiplied values ​​of AN and the cumulative number of times is taken and displayed as the fatigue index C1 of the cube index 3S for that year and month. Similarly, the proportional index PS, the fifth power index 5S, and the seventh power index 7S are also W n The constant data is swapped, multiplied by the cumulative number of times AN, and the sum is calculated to display the fatigue index C1 at each multiplier. In addition, the wear index C2 is calculated by multiplying the cumulative distance AD ​​by the load range WP. n The constant data is multiplied, and the sum is taken for each n number and displayed. Similarly, for time index C3, the data of the integrated time AT is n The constant data is multiplied, and the sum is taken for each n number and displayed. When the replacement date of a certain crane component and the previous replacement date are known, if the reason for replacing the component is due to wear progression, the difference in the wear index between the replacement dates is calculated, and the difference in the wear index between the replacement dates is added to the wear index on the last component replacement date, and the next replacement date is scheduled.

[0036] The measurement timing of the crane operation meter of the present invention will be described with reference to the time chart of FIG. In Figure 4(1), the vertical axis represents the speed SP of the hoisting device, and the horizontal axis represents time T, showing a series of movements of the hoisting device when an example of a crane's cargo handling operation is performed. Figure 4(2) shows an example of how the actual load WA is applied to the crane at that time. During the unloading operation (WD), the speed (SP) of the lowering (DW) is reduced before the load lands on the floor (TD), and when the load lands on the floor (TD) at a low speed, the actual load (WA) of the load applied to the crane disappears. When the load value measurement method converts the torque or power value of the hoisting motor into a load value, the load measurement ME is performed when the speed SP of the crane's hoisting device reaches a predetermined high speed, such as the rated speed, and acceleration stops. During the slinging / unwinding operation SO and the slinging / unwinding operation SC, the load measurement ME may or may not be performed when the speed reaches the load measurement ME. When the hoist is slightly adjusted during the slinging / unwinding operation ST, the hoisting length stretches the wire rope and deflects the crane. These restoring forces cause tension in the wire rope, placing a load on the crane. Then, when the ground lifting operation GC is performed, the entire load value of the load is immediately applied to the crane. Then, the load is hoisted during the lifting operation WU. At this time, the load measurement ME speed SP is almost always reached. The crane then moves horizontally, unloading the load at the unloading operation WD. When the crane lands on the floor TD, the actual load WA on the crane disappears, and the unloading operation SO begins.

[0037] Incidentally, the effect that the number of times the lifted load is repeated has on the fatigue of a crane is determined by the range from the no-load state to the maximum value when the load is applied, and the number of repetitions when the load is then removed and then applied again. If the lifting operation is repeated several times in the lifting process, the same weight of load remains on the clay, so the lifting operation is counted as one operation until the next time the load is lowered. If the load measurement ME is performed multiple times by repeating the lifting operation, the maximum measured value is written to the temporary load storage memory WC for counting the cumulative number of times. As a result, the intermediate load measured in the process before the lifting CO is considered to be the progress of the width until the load is applied, and the value is erased. Furthermore, methods that convert the torque value or power value of a hoisting motor into a load value may not be able to detect when the load has reached zero. Because the next load cannot be counted if the lifted load cannot be detected, the crane operation meter of the present invention uses the performance of a lowering operation, an opening operation, or a release operation as a determining factor for reliably determining when the load is no longer applied to the crane. This is because, in typical crane operations, it is not common for a load to be lifted, lowered, and then lifted again without landing. Therefore, a lowering operation is determined to be a WD (unloading operation) followed by a TD (landing operation). Accordingly, to accommodate cranes equipped with buckets that drop loads in the air or lifting magnets, the system also determines that the load has been removed if the bucket opening operation or lifting magnet release operation is performed for a certain period of time or longer. Before the load is lifted, there may be cases where the hoisting and lowering operations are repeated due to redoing of the slings, etc., which may result in an excessive increase in the total number of times counted. However, the number of times when no load is applied has almost no effect on the actual crane fatigue or on the calculation of formula (3) compared to the fatigue of the crane caused by the number of repetitions when a load is applied, so there is no need to take into consideration any errors in the total number of times counted using the calculation method before the load is lifted.

[0038] The value of the load temporary storage memory WC for counting the accumulated number of times in Figure 4 (3) is updated if the value of the load measurement ME during the operation in the winding direction is greater than the value already saved, and when the winding down operation is performed, the accumulated number counter to which the load range WP to which that load value belongs is added up CU based on the value of the load temporary storage memory WC for counting the accumulated number of times, and a zero load is written to the load temporary storage memory WC for counting the accumulated number of times, and the next measurement is performed. Here, when several liftings are made in the lifting direction and the load measurement ME is made several times, if the value of the load measurement ME at that time is greater than the value already stored in the temporary load storage memory WC for counting the accumulated number of times, the value of the load measurement ME is overwritten on the value of the temporary load storage memory WC for counting the accumulated number of times. This is because even if a load measurement ME with a light load value is made before ground breaking CO for slinging work SC, etc., the value of the load measurement ME after ground breaking GO is used, and also because in the case of a bucket crane, etc., when the load is gripped too much after lifting and the crane opens a little and drops a little, the heavy load value from gripping too much has already put fatigue on the crane, and this is recorded. The reason for providing a waiting element RT for the processing of the cumulative addition CU after the lowering operation is to prevent a momentary lowering operation from being detected due to an operational error, etc. This waiting element RT may be a time of about 5 seconds, or may be a lowering distance corresponding to the distance wound up.

[0039] Next, we will use Figure 4(4) to explain how to measure the cumulative time AT and cumulative distance AD ​​when the load value measurement method for the crane's suspended load is a method of converting the torque value or power value of the hoisting motor into a load value. Here, the cumulative time AT and cumulative distance AD ​​are factors related to wear. Wear deterioration is determined by the load factor W and cumulative distance AD ​​as shown in formula (4). The cumulative time AT is calculated by multiplying the cumulative distance AD ​​by However, since crane regulations stipulate the life span in terms of accumulated time AT, we also measure accumulated time AT. For fatigue caused by repeated stress of a suspended load, only the maximum load value lifted is necessary, whereas for wear and tear, the distance traveled and the load value at that time are important, so the value of the temporary storage memory WT for measuring the cumulative distance is updated sequentially whenever load measurement ME is possible. When the winding-up or winding-down operation starts, the clock period timer, which turns on / off at a predetermined time, starts counting the number of times it is turned on. If a load measurement ME is performed at that time, the temporary storage memory WT for measuring the accumulated distance is updated. When the winding-up or winding-down operation stops, the count value is added to the accumulated time AT of the load range WP to which the value of the temporary storage memory WT for measuring the accumulated distance belongs, and then the count value is reset to zero. Similarly, the cumulative distance AD ​​is measured by adding the speed per clock cycle timer time to the temporary memory for cumulative distance measurement each time the clock cycle timer turns ON as the winding up or winding down DW operation begins, and when the winding up or winding down DW operation stops, the addition of the speed per clock cycle timer time is stopped, and the value of the temporary memory for cumulative distance measurement is added to the cumulative distance AD ​​of the load range WP to which the value of the temporary memory for cumulative distance measurement WT at that time belongs, and after the addition, the temporary memory for cumulative distance measurement is reset to zero. The speed per clock cycle timer time at this time is a converted speed monitor value issued by the control device INV. Incidentally, a 1-second clock cycle timer is sufficient for measuring equipment degradation, but a 0.1-second cycle will provide sufficiently accurate measurement results for the crane's motion performance. At this time, if the hoisting UP time or lowering DW time is too short, the load cannot be measured due to the characteristics of the load measurement method, which converts the torque value or power value of the hoisting motor into a load value, so the temporary storage memory WT for integrated distance measurement is not updated and the load measurement value measured previously is used.In this case, there is a possibility that the actual suspended load has changed from the load when it was stored in the temporary storage memory WT for integrated distance measurement, but given the general operating method of the crane, it is more likely that the load has not changed, and even if the load has changed, it is a measurement value for such a short time that load measurement is not possible, so the error is small compared to the values ​​of integrated time AT and integrated distance AD ​​used to calculate deterioration, and so it does not pose a major problem.

[0040] Incidentally, when the method for measuring the load value of a suspended load is to detect it using a load cell attached to the hoisting device, it is possible to measure the load at all times. However, since the load value changes due to inertial forces during acceleration and deceleration, and the load swaying during lateral travel, it is necessary to use the load value at the most stable point. When measuring load using a load cell to count the number of times a load has been applied to a crane, the point at which the crane stops operating in the hoisting direction is the point at which the probability that the load is securely suspended in mid-air is highest and the load value is the most stable. Therefore, the crane operation meter of the present invention uses the load measurement value when operation in the hoisting direction stops as the load measurement value, writes it into the temporary load storage memory WC for counting the cumulative number of times, and sets a measurement flag if the measurement value exceeds zero load. Thereafter, when the start and stop operation in the winding direction is repeated, the load is measured every time the winding stops, and if the load is greater than the value already written in the temporary storage memory WC for counting the cumulative number of times, the value in the temporary storage memory WC for counting the cumulative number of times is updated. When detecting using a load cell, the change in the load is detected sequentially, but by storing the maximum load value, the load value during the transitional state when part of the load of the suspended load is applied, measured when slinging or before lifting, is not stored. In addition, since the method of detecting by the load cell can reliably detect zero load, the detection of zero load is judged as the state in which the load on the crane is removed. Specifically, when the measurement flag is set and zero load is detected, the cumulative count at that time is The value of the temporary load memory WC for counting the number of times is added once to the cumulative number AN of the load range WP to which it belongs, zero is written to the value of the temporary load memory WC for counting the number of times of accumulation, the measurement flag is turned off, and the next number count is enabled. This makes it possible to measure the degree of fatigue of the crane caused by repeatedly lifting loads.

[0041] Next, if the method for measuring the load value of the suspended load is to detect it using a load cell attached to the hoisting device and measure the accumulated time AT and accumulated distance AD, the values ​​of the accumulated time AT and accumulated distance AD ​​of the load range WP to which the load value measured in real time during the hoisting UP or hoisting DW operation belongs are directly accumulated. Specifically, during the operation of hoisting (UP) or lowering (DW), each time the clock cycle timer is turned on, the clock cycle timer time is directly added to the value of the integrated time AT to which the load meter value at that time belongs, and the speed per clock cycle timer time is directly added to the value of the integrated distance AD ​​of that load range WP. The load value measurement method detects the accumulated time AT and accumulated distance AD ​​using a load cell attached to the hoisting device, and the idea is that if the fluctuating load values ​​are captured in real time, the load values ​​that fluctuate around the true value will be averaged, resulting in measurements that are close to the true value.

[0042] Next, when measuring the effect of the load value of the suspended load on the part that moves horizontally, such as traversing, traveling, or turning, the load on the horizontal movement motor is large when accelerating, and only a small load is applied after acceleration. Furthermore, when the load sways, the load on the horizontal movement motor is greatly disturbed, making it difficult to measure the magnitude of the load using the horizontal movement motor. Therefore, in order to measure the effect of the load value of the suspended load on the part that moves horizontally, such as traversing, traveling, or turning, a value converted from the torque value or power value of the hoisting motor into a load value is used, or a value measured by a load cell attached to the hoisting device is used. When the horizontally moving part is operating, such as traversing, traveling or turning, the hoist is not necessarily moving, so it is not always possible to measure the load during horizontal movement. However, in order for a crane to perform horizontal movement, the crane's hoisting equipment or the load must be suspended in mid-air, and load measurement by hoisting must be performed before horizontal movement.

[0043] Specifically, in the case where the method for measuring the load value of the crane's suspended load is a method for converting the torque value or power value of the hoisting motor into a load value, for example, when the crane is operated to move sideways, the maximum value of the numerical value stored in the temporary load storage memory WC for counting the cumulative number of times during the sideways movement is stored in a temporary load storage memory provided. Then, simultaneously with the start of traversal, each time the clock frequency timer is turned ON, the clock frequency timer time is added to the temporary storage memory for measuring the traversal accumulated time, the traversal speed per clock frequency timer time is added to the temporary storage memory for measuring the traversal accumulated distance, and when traversal stops, the value in the temporary storage memory for the load value is added once to the accumulated number of times AN for the load range WP set up for recording traversal operation to which it belongs, the value in the temporary storage memory for measuring the traversal operation time is added to the accumulated time AT, and the value in the temporary storage memory for measuring the traversal accumulated distance is added to the value of the traversal accumulated distance AD, and then zero is written into the values ​​of each of the temporary storage memories. The display screen for this traverse operation record has the same screen configuration as the display screen for the lifting operation recorder shown in Figure 2. Other parts that move horizontally, such as traveling and turning, are processed in the same way as for traversing. The reason why the data is written when each horizontal movement stops is to record the maximum load value applied during that horizontal movement, and this maximum value is a value that has a significant impact on the fatigue of the crane. With this method, it is possible that in rare cases load data different from the actual lifting load value will be recorded, but since the measurement value is used to determine crane deterioration, slight errors do not pose a major problem.

[0044] Next, when the method for measuring the load value of a crane's suspended load is to detect it using a load cell attached to the hoisting device, when measuring the effect of the suspended load value on parts that perform horizontal movements such as traversing, traveling, or turning, the load measurement value will fluctuate greatly when using a load cell detection method due to the effect of load sway caused by horizontal movement. Since load swing is likely to occur during horizontal movements such as traversing, traveling, or turning, or for a while after stopping, this method measures the load value for measuring the number of repeated fatigue movements at the moment when the horizontal movement is started, when there is a high probability that the load swing will have subsided while the horizontal movement is stopped. Specifically, for example, when a traverse start operation is performed, the load value at that time is added once to the number of lifting operations for traverse movement for the load range to which the load value belongs, and at the same time, the load value is temporarily stored in memory. In addition, the operation time and movement distance are cumulatively measured in a temporary memory for measuring the operation time and movement distance, and at the same time as the traverse stops, the cumulatively measured values ​​in the temporary memory are added to the operation time and movement distance values ​​in the load range WP to which the load value stored in the temporary memory belongs. Then, zero is written to the load value, operation time, and movement distance measurement values ​​stored in the temporary storage memory. At this time, the load at the moment of starting the horizontal movement is usually not affected much by the impact at the time of starting, but in cases where the impact at the start of horizontal movement is reflected in the load value in the case of a small crane, etc., it becomes a little complicated, but the problem can be solved by using the load value just before start. Incidentally, some bucket cranes and cranes with lifting magnets perform horizontal movements while dropping a suspended load. In the case of such cranes, a method can be adopted in which load measurements are sequentially taken each time the clock cycle timer is turned on during horizontal movements, and the operating time and accumulated distance values ​​for the load range to which that load belongs are sequentially integrated and added for each clock cycle.

[0045] Next, a method for dealing with the influence of the load rate on the deterioration of the wire rope WR using the crane operation meter of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the structure of most cranes, both ends of the wire rope are fixed to an integral drum, and two wire ropes WR are wound or unwound from the wire drum DR at the same speed. Cranes with this structure always have an equalizer sheave ES, which is said to not rotate, in the center of the wire rope WR where the hook sheave HS and head sheave US are folded back. This equalizer sheave ES is not supposed to rotate, so it is stated in the crane regulations that it can also lower the safety factor. However, in actual operation, when the crane moves horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the wire drum DR (for example, the travel TL), the hoisting device HK swings SW along with the load, and as a result of the swing SW, a difference occurs between the length from the equalizer sheave ES to one end of the wire rope WR and the length to the opposite end, and the equalizer sheave ES swings RO slightly to absorb this difference.Then, the wire rope WR, which is hung on the equalizer sheave that is not supposed to move, also swings RO slightly, adjusting the length from the equalizer sheave ES to both ends of the wire rope WR. This slight swinging RO caused by the load swing SW constantly bends the same part near the center of the wire rope WR together with the load swing SW, and this is the part where the life of the wire rope WR is most severe. In the crane operation meter of the present invention, the number of swings RC of the swings RO of the equalizer sheave ES for each load range WP to which the load value of the temporary memory WT for integrated distance measurement, which is updated as needed during crane operation, belongs is integrated and measured, and the record of the integrated number for each load rate W is recorded together with the record of hoisting, etc., and recording and display at the time of change of month or year is made possible, and the number of swings RC of the equalizer sheave ES for each load range WP is calculated by the formula (6). The deterioration coefficient C4 of the wire rope for each load range WP is calculated, and the sum of the deterioration coefficients C4 of the wire rope for each load range WP is calculated and displayed as the deterioration coefficient of the wire rope. C4=W n×RC ···(6) The number n that most closely approximates the calculation of the deterioration coefficient of the wire rope WR is 3, and the tendency of the wire rope WR life is close to the product of the cube of the load rate and the number of swings RC of the equalizer sheave ES. This method can be used to manage the wire rope WR, which is the most important factor in maintaining the safety of the crane.

[0046] There are several methods for detecting the number of oscillations of the equalizer sheave ES, including attaching a proximity switch or photocell to the equalizer sheave ES to detect it directly, and also fixing a switch to the wire rope WR at the part that hangs over the equalizer sheave ES with a clamp to directly detect the number of oscillations RO, since the part of the wire rope WR that hangs over the equalizer sheave ES only moves slightly by the amount of oscillation RO. In addition, the number of swings of the sway angle detector of a crane with anti-sway control can be counted, or for a crane with ideally controlled anti-sway control, the number of accelerations and decelerations of the wire drum DR in the longitudinal direction (for example, traveling TL) will ideally be the same as the number of swings, so the number of accelerations and decelerations of the wire drum DR in the longitudinal direction (for example, traveling TL) can be counted and used as the number of swings RC of the equalizer sheave ES. However, in a crane that is not equipped with anti-sway control, the number of times the equalizer sheave ES swings (RO) has a significant impact on the operating skill of the crane operator, so for cranes operated by an unspecified number of crane operators, the number of swings can be directly counted to ensure reliable judgment of wire rope WR deterioration.

[0047] By using the crane operation meter of the present invention, for example, by observing the time-series trend of the hoisting fatigue index C1, it is possible to determine the fatigue trend of the girder, crab frame, hoisting device shaft, etc. By looking at the time-series trend of the wear index C2, the wear trend of the wire drum DR and the hoisting reducer can be determined. By observing the time-series trends in the fatigue index C1 of horizontally moving parts such as traversing, traveling and turning, it is possible to determine the fatigue trends of the frames and drive shafts of each device in each horizontally moving part. By looking at the time-series trends in the wear index C2 of horizontally moving parts such as traversing, traveling, and turning, it is possible to determine the wear trends of the wheels and rails of each device and the wear trends of the reducers. In addition, there are other crane components, such as brakes, electromagnetic contactors, and current collectors, whose deterioration trends can be determined simply by counting the number of times AC, the accumulated time AT, and the accumulated distance AD ​​that they have operated, regardless of the load being lifted. For these components as well, deterioration trends can be managed by displaying and checking the accumulated number of times recorded on a monthly or yearly basis, as shown on the screen in Figure 6.

[0048] The crane operation meter of the present invention is characterized by the fact that measurement, storage, and calculation are all completed within the crane, but by connecting a data communication unit (not shown) to the sequencer PC, it is possible to read the stored data of the crane operation meter inside the sequencer PC from a remote computer (not shown) installed remotely, and to grasp the deterioration status of the crane remotely. Incidentally, because cranes are independent moving objects, it is difficult to connect them with wired communication cables, and so a wireless or other data communication method is required. However, wireless methods can sometimes result in communication being cut off due to radio interference or other factors. However, since the crane operation meter of the present invention is completed within the crane, even if communication with the remote device is interrupted, the inside of the crane will continue to operate normally during the communication failure, and when communication is restored, the remote device will be able to resume monitoring normally.

[0049] After the crane operation meter of the present invention is installed and the crane is in operation, by understanding the part replacement history of the crane, it is possible to determine which index the deterioration index of the part corresponds to. In addition, information is provided as to when the next replacement time for the part will be when the deterioration index reaches a certain value, and a service can be provided in which an announcement is made to replace the part when the time for replacement of the part approaches.

[0050] The crane operation meter of the present invention has been described above based on its embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the configurations described in the above embodiments, and the configuration can be changed as appropriate within the scope of the invention. [Industrial Applicability]

[0051] The crane operation meter and crane maintenance service method using the crane operation meter's functions of the present invention can display the crane's operating status, which serves as an indicator of the crane's deterioration, on a wide range of general cranes by using motor torque values ​​output from a crane control sequencer or speed control device such as an inverter, without using a large computer system or expensive load cells. Furthermore, for cranes equipped with load cell load meters, optimizing the timing of measurement of the continuously fluctuating load values ​​allows the load cell load meter's measurements to be effectively used as a basis for determining the deterioration index. These features of the crane operation meter of the present invention reduce the burden on experienced crane maintenance technicians and allow them to be effectively utilized by maintenance technicians. This contributes to reducing crane failure rates and stable operation of production facilities, making it useful in industry. [Explanation of symbols]

[0052] MC mains contactor INV control unit IM motor BR Brake PC sequencer PG display BC Brake Contactor MH winding TS rampant TL running SL Turning CC operation signal TM Torque Monitor WP Load Range TO Total AN Accumulation Number AT Accumulated time AD Total distance DA Date DS Date Selection Switch PS proportionality index 3S cubed exponent 5S 5th power exponent 7S Seventh power exponent C1 Fatigue Index C2 wear index C3 Time index SP speed T time UP Winding DW Lowering WD Unloading work TD implantation ME Load Measurement SO Sling removal work SC slinging work ST Sling rope tensioning work GC Ground cutting work CO Ground Cutting WU Lifting work WA Actual load WC Temporary load memory for counting cumulative counts CU Accumulation Addition RT waiting element WT Temporary memory for total distance measurement DR Wire Drum WR Wire Rope HS Hook Sheave HK hanging equipment US Head Sheave ES Equalizer Sieve RO oscillation SW swing PO site

Claims

1. A load measuring device unit that detects the load value of the crane's suspended load, The crane's load range from 0t to the rated load is divided into load ranges with a certain interval, a lifting counter that measures the load each time the crane operates in the lifting direction, temporarily stores the maximum load value from the measured load values, and when the load is lowered, adds one cumulative lifting count to the division of the load range to which the measured maximum load value belongs, resets the maximum load value, and measures again; Furthermore, an operation meter having a function of integrating and adding the operation time and movement distance measured at that time to an integrating hour meter and an integrating distance meter for the load range category to which the load value measured during operation in the winding direction and the winding down direction belongs, The apparatus has a storage device that stores the measured values ​​of the operation meter at regular intervals, adding the date of the period, and a display device that displays the values ​​stored in the storage device together with the date of the stored load condition, 1. A crane operation meter comprising: a method for measuring the load value of a load suspended by a crane, which converts the torque value or power value, etc., of a hoisting motor into a load value; when the crane accelerates to a predetermined load measurement rotation speed in the hoisting direction, the acceleration is stopped once and the load value is measured at a constant speed; if the measured load value is greater than the value of the load value data that has already been temporarily stored, the newly measured load value is overwritten on the temporarily stored load value data; thereafter, the operation in the hoisting direction is stopped and the hoisting operation is resumed; each time the load measurement rotation speed is reached, a load measurement is performed; and if the measured load value is greater than the value of the temporarily stored load value data, the newly measured load value is overwritten on the temporarily stored load value data; and thereafter, when the hoisting operation or the load release operation is performed, the temporarily stored load data at that time is added once to the cumulative number of times for the division section of the load range that corresponds to the temporarily stored load data; and in response to this addition to the cumulative number, zero is written into the temporarily stored load value data, thereby cumulatively measuring the number of lifts for each load range.

2. A load measuring device unit that detects the load value of the crane's suspended load, The crane's load range from 0t to the rated load is divided into load ranges with a certain interval, Every time the crane operates in the hoisting direction, it measures the load, temporarily stores the maximum load value from the measured load values, and when the load is lowered, it stores the load range to which the measured maximum load value belongs. A lifting cumulative count meter is provided for each division, which counts the number of liftings by one and resets the maximum load value to measure again. Furthermore, an operation meter having a function of integrating and adding the operation time and movement distance measured at that time to an integrating hour meter and an integrating distance meter for the load range category to which the load value measured during operation in the winding direction and the winding down direction belongs, The apparatus has a storage device that stores the measured values ​​of the operation meter at regular intervals, adding the date of the period, and a display device that displays the values ​​stored in the storage device together with the date of the stored load condition, A crane operation meter characterized by a method for measuring the load value of a load suspended by a crane, which converts the torque value or power value, etc. of a hoisting motor into a load value, and which starts measuring time and distance at the same time as the crane starts operating in the hoisting or lowering direction, and ends measuring the time and distance when the hoisting or lowering operation stops, and at the same time, adds the results of the time and distance measurements at that time to the accumulator hour meter and accumulator distance meter for the division section of the load range to which the load value measured during the hoisting or lowering operation belongs, and if the hoisting or lowering time is too short to measure the load, the operating time uses the load measurement value measured previously, and adds the results of the time and distance measurements to the accumulator hour meter and accumulator distance meter for the same load range, and does not update the load value until the next load measurement is performed.

3. A load measuring device unit that detects the load value of the crane's suspended load, The crane's load range from 0t to the rated load is divided into load ranges with a certain interval, a lifting counter that measures the load each time the crane operates in the lifting direction, temporarily stores the maximum load value from the measured load values, and when the load is lowered, adds one cumulative lifting count to the division of the load range to which the measured maximum load value belongs, resets the maximum load value, and measures again; Furthermore, an operation meter having a function of integrating and adding the operation time and movement distance measured at that time to an integrating hour meter and an integrating distance meter for the load range category to which the load value measured during operation in the winding direction and the winding down direction belongs, The apparatus has a storage device that stores the measured values ​​of the operation meter at regular intervals, adding the date of the period, and a display device that displays the values ​​stored in the storage device together with the date of the stored load condition, a load cell attached to the hoisting device that detects the load value of a load suspended by a crane; a load value measured when the crane stops moving in the hoisting direction; if the load value measurement result is greater than the load value data that has already been temporarily stored, the newly measured load value is overwritten on the temporarily stored load value data; the crane then repeatedly stops moving in the hoisting direction and starts hoisting again; a load measurement is taken each time the crane stops moving in the hoisting direction; and if the measured load value is greater than the value of the temporarily stored load value data, the newly measured load value is overwritten on the temporarily stored load value data; and when the load cell subsequently measures a load close to zero load or a tare load, the temporarily stored load data at that time is added once to the cumulative count for the corresponding load range division; and in response to this addition to the cumulative count, zero is written into the temporarily stored load value data, thereby cumulatively measuring the number of lifts for each load range.

4. 4. A crane operation meter according to claim 3, wherein the method for measuring the load value of a load suspended by a crane is a method of detecting the load using a load cell attached to a hoisting device, and while the crane is operating in the hoisting direction and the hoisting down direction, the load value that is constantly input from the load cell load meter to the calculation device is read at every predetermined clock cycle, and the clock cycle time and the distance multiplied by the speed are added to an integrating hour meter and an integrating distance meter for a division section of the load range to which the load value belongs.

5. A load measuring device unit that detects the load value of the crane's suspended load, The crane's load range from 0t to the rated load is divided into load ranges with a certain interval, a lifting counter that measures the load each time the crane operates in the lifting direction, temporarily stores the maximum load value from the measured load values, and when the load is lowered, adds one cumulative lifting count to the division of the load range to which the measured maximum load value belongs, resets the maximum load value, and measures again; Furthermore, an operation meter having a function of integrating and adding the operation time and movement distance measured at that time to an integrating hour meter and an integrating distance meter for the load range category to which the load value measured during operation in the winding direction and the winding down direction belongs, The apparatus has a storage device that stores the measured values ​​of the operation meter at regular intervals, adding the date of the period, and a display device that displays the values ​​stored in the storage device together with the date of the stored load condition, A crane operation meter characterized by a method for measuring the load value of a load suspended by a crane that converts the torque value or power value, etc., of a hoisting motor into a load value, measuring the load while the crane is operating in the hoisting or lowering direction, retaining the most recent load measurement value, and adding once to the number of horizontal operations for each horizontal operation such as traversing, traveling, or swinging that falls within the load range to which the most recent load measurement value belongs when each horizontal operation such as traversing, traveling, or swinging is stopped, and the time and distance from the start of each horizontal operation to the time meter and distance meter for each horizontal operation that falls within the most recent load measurement value when each horizontal operation is stopped.

6. A load measuring device unit that detects the load value of the crane's suspended load, The crane's load range from 0t to the rated load is divided into load ranges with a certain interval, a lifting counter that measures the load each time the crane operates in the lifting direction, temporarily stores the maximum load value from the measured load values, and when the load is lowered, adds one cumulative lifting count to the division of the load range to which the measured maximum load value belongs, resets the maximum load value, and measures again; Furthermore, an operation meter having a function of integrating and adding the operation time and movement distance measured at that time to an integrating hour meter and an integrating distance meter for the load range category to which the load value measured during operation in the winding direction and the winding down direction belongs, The apparatus has a storage device that stores the measured values ​​of the operation meter at regular intervals, adding the date of the period, and a display device that displays the values ​​stored in the storage device together with the date of the stored load condition, A crane operation meter characterized by a method for measuring the load value of a crane's suspended load that detects it using a load cell attached to the hoisting device, and a counter that adds once to the counter for each horizontal movement in the load range to which the load value measured at the time of starting a horizontal movement such as traversing, traveling, or swinging belongs, and adds the measurement results of the time and distance until the horizontal movement stops to the cumulative time meter and cumulative distance meter for each horizontal movement in the load range to which the load value measured at the time the horizontal movement starts belongs, when each horizontal movement stops.

7. A load measuring device unit that detects the load value of the crane's suspended load, The crane's load range from 0t to the rated load is divided into load ranges with a certain interval, a lifting counter that measures the load each time the crane operates in the lifting direction, temporarily stores the maximum load value from the measured load values, and when the load is lowered, adds one cumulative lifting count to the division of the load range to which the measured maximum load value belongs, resets the maximum load value, and measures again; Furthermore, an operation meter having a function of integrating and adding the operation time and movement distance measured at that time to an integrating hour meter and an integrating distance meter for the load range category to which the load value measured during operation in the winding direction and the winding down direction belongs, A storage device that stores the measured values ​​of the operation meter at regular intervals, adding the date of the period. a display unit that displays the value stored in the storage unit and the load status stored together with the date, A crane operation meter characterized by: retrieving from a memory area the stored value of an accumulator for each load range on a certain date; raising the sum of a certain load value within the load range in the memory area and the tare weight of the moving object, divided by the sum of the rated load value and the tare weight of the moving object, raising the value obtained by multiplying this value by the stored value of the accumulator for that load range on that date; summing the calculated values ​​for all load ranges for that n number for the nth power calculated for each load range; setting this value as the fatigue deterioration coefficient due to repeated stress for that n number; performing the above calculation for each n number; and displaying the calculation results together with the date from the memory area retrieved.

8. A load measuring device unit for detecting the load value of the crane's suspended load, The crane's load range from 0t to the rated load is divided into load ranges with a certain interval, a lifting counter that measures the load each time the crane operates in the lifting direction, temporarily stores the maximum load value from the measured load values, and when the load is lowered, adds one cumulative lifting count to the division of the load range to which the measured maximum load value belongs, resets the maximum load value, and measures again; Furthermore, an operation meter having a function of integrating and adding the operation time and movement distance measured at that time to an integrating hour meter and an integrating distance meter for the load range category to which the load value measured during operation in the winding direction and the winding down direction belongs, The apparatus has a storage device that stores the measured values ​​of the operation meter at regular intervals, adding the date of the period, and a display device that displays the values ​​stored in the storage device together with the date of the stored load condition, A crane operation meter characterized by: retrieving from a memory area the stored value of the travel distance for each load range on a certain date; raising the sum of a certain load value within the load range in that memory area and the tare weight of the moving object, divided by the sum of the rated load value and the tare weight of the moving object, raising the value obtained by multiplying this value by the stored value of the travel distance for that load range on that date; summing the calculated values ​​for all load ranges for that n number for the nth power calculated for each load range; setting this value as the deterioration coefficient for wear for that n number; performing the above calculation for each n number; and displaying the calculation results together with the date from the memory area retrieved.

9. A load measuring device unit for detecting the load value of the crane's suspended load, The crane's load range from 0t to the rated load is divided into load ranges with a certain interval, a lifting counter that measures the load each time the crane operates in the lifting direction, temporarily stores the maximum load value from the measured load values, and when the load is lowered, adds one cumulative lifting count to the division of the load range to which the measured maximum load value belongs, resets the maximum load value, and measures again; Furthermore, an operation meter having a function of integrating and adding the operation time and movement distance measured at that time to an integrating hour meter and an integrating distance meter for the load range category to which the load value measured during operation in the winding direction and the winding down direction belongs, The apparatus has a storage device that stores the measured values ​​of the operation meter at regular intervals, adding the date of the period, and a display device that displays the values ​​stored in the storage device together with the date of the stored load condition, This crane operation meter records the number of swings of the equalizer sheave along with the value of the load being lifted at that time, and displays a value calculated based on the load rate and the number of swings of the equalizer sheave as a wire rope deterioration coefficient.

10. A load measuring device unit for detecting the load value of the crane's suspended load, The crane's load range from 0t to the rated load is divided into load ranges with a certain interval, Every time the crane operates in the hoisting direction, it measures the load, temporarily stores the maximum load value from the measured load values, and when the load is lowered, it stores the load range to which the measured maximum load value belongs. A lifting cumulative count meter is provided for each division, which counts the number of liftings by one and resets the maximum load value to measure again. Furthermore, an operation meter having a function of integrating and adding the operation time and movement distance measured at that time to an integrating hour meter and an integrating distance meter for the load range category to which the load value measured during operation in the winding direction and the winding down direction belongs, The apparatus has a storage device that stores the measured values ​​of the operation meter at regular intervals, adding the date of the period, and a display device that displays the values ​​stored in the storage device together with the date of the stored load condition, A crane operation meter that measures the number of starts and the cumulative value of the power supply time for all or any of the crane moving parts (hoisting / lowering, traversing, and traveling) and the main power supply, and stores and displays the results for each date.

11. A crane operation meter as described in Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, characterized in that it has a memory device unit that stores the measurement values ​​of the operation meter at regular intervals, adding the date of that period, and has a display unit that displays the values ​​stored in the memory device unit together with the stored load status and the date at a remote location via a data communication unit.

12. A crane maintenance service method characterized by using the function of the crane operation meter according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 to identify a deterioration coefficient of a part from the past history of crane part replacement, and to provide information on the next replacement timing of the part.

Images