Vegetation bags and vegetation mats

Abstract

To provide a vegetation mat for suppressing drying damage of vegetation plants and for more early and effectively greening ground or slope faces.SOLUTION: A vegetation bag 100 set on greening ground has: a bag body 101 having a bottom wall part 102 arranged on the ground side and a top wall part 103 arranged on a side opposite to the ground; and one or multiple blade bodies 105 blade-likely extended from the bag body 101 and having an extending length capable of coming into contact with the ground at a position different from the bottom wall part 102 and formed with an impermeable material. The blade body 105 has: a connection part 106 connected to the bag body 101; and a movable part 107 deformable to raise a free end, with the connection part 106 as a fixing end. The movable part 107 is composed in such a way that the free end is raised up by a vegetation plant P budding or grown up on the ground.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a vegetation bag and a vegetation mat used for greening ground such as slopes. [Background technology]

[0002] On construction surfaces such as various slopes and newly developed land, active greening is being carried out to beautify the slopes and prevent soil erosion. Conventionally, greening materials such as soil, seeds, fertilizer, and water-retaining materials are filled into bags for vegetation (hereinafter referred to as vegetation bags). Then, by placing these bags and vegetation mats on the ground to be greened, the growth of vegetation in the soil is promoted, resulting in improved scenery and prevention of soil erosion.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a vegetation mat laid on the surface of soil to be revegetated with natural vegetation plants. In the following paragraphs, the reference numerals of Patent Document 1 are indicated in parentheses. The vegetation mat (100) includes a first storage section (102) that stores locally generated soil (106) containing buried seeds (111) corresponding to the natural environment of the soil (P) to be revegetated, and a second storage section (103) that stores artificial soil (107) at a position different from the first storage section (102). The first and second storage sections (102, 103) are formed of a mesh-like elongated cylinder extending in the longitudinal direction and are configured to hold vegetation bags (108) that store locally generated soil (106) or artificial soil (107). The vegetation mat (100) is installed on the soil (P) to beautify slopes and prevent soil erosion.

[0004] Patent Document 2 shows a vegetation mat used in greening work on slopes and the like. In the following paragraphs, the reference numerals of Patent Document 2 are shown in parentheses. The vegetation mat (M) comprises an upper sheet (1) and a lower sheet (2) made of at least partially degradable material, and between these are placed a bag (F) filled with a water-retaining material (water-absorbing material) such as a polymer absorbent, plant seeds (3), and a vegetation substrate (4). In other words, the vegetation mat (M) has improved water retention properties by retaining the bag (F) containing the water-absorbing material. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 5981062 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 2649030 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] Conventional vegetation bags and vegetation mats, such as those described in Patent Document 1, promote the greening of slopes, including facets, by storing vegetation bags in the storage compartment of the vegetation mat. However, because the vegetation bags and vegetation mats themselves lack water retention, they can sometimes result in insufficient growth of vegetation due to a lack of moisture, especially in dry environments with little rainfall. In response to this, as described in Patent Document 2, vegetation mats are sometimes provided with bags containing water-absorbing materials such as polymer absorbents. However, adding water-absorbing materials to the bags increases the overall volume and weight of the vegetation mats that hold the bags, significantly compromising their portability and ease of installation. Furthermore, while the use of water-absorbing materials can provide some water retention after rainfall, in dry environments with infrequent rainfall, the water-retaining materials themselves absorb moisture from vegetation and soil, promoting the drying of the vegetation environment and thereby inhibiting vegetation growth. In response to these problems, the inventors set it as a task to be solved to make it possible to green the ground or slopes more quickly and efficiently while suppressing the damage caused by drying out of vegetation, without using absorbent materials made of polymer absorbents.

[0007] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a vegetation bag that enables the introduction of vegetation more quickly and efficiently, and a vegetation mat equipped with such a vegetation bag. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] A vegetation mat according to one embodiment of the present invention is a vegetation bag to be placed on the ground to be greened, a bag body having a bottom wall portion disposed on the ground side and a top wall portion disposed on the opposite side from the ground; one or more blades extending from the bag in a blade-like shape, having an extension length that allows contact with the ground at a position different from the bottom wall portion, and made of a water-impermeable material; The blade body has a connecting part that is connected to the bag body and a movable part that is deformable so that its free end is lifted up with the connecting part as a fixed end, and the movable part is configured so that the free end is lifted up by vegetation that has sprouted or grown on the ground.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the vegetation bag of the present invention, when a vegetation germinates or grows from the ground while the bag is placed on the ground, the vegetation lifts the blade so that it floats above the ground. The lifted blade then comes into close proximity to or contacts the sprouted or grown vegetation and can extend to face the vegetation from above and / or to the side. Because the blade is waterproof, it promotes the formation of dew from the water vapor evaporated from the vegetation, and the dew adheres to the surface of the blade as water droplets. The water droplets adhering to the surface of the blade increase the humidity in the area around the blade, causing a chain reaction of dew formation on the surface of the vegetation, at least in the area around the blade. This allows the vegetation bag to continuously supply moisture to the vegetation and effectively prevent dryness damage to the vegetation without using a water-absorbing material such as a polymer absorbent. Therefore, the vegetation bag of the present invention enables faster and more efficient greening of the ground.

[0010] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the weight of the blades per area is 60 g / m 2 and the distance from the fixed end to the free end of the blade is 10 to 100 mm.

[0011] A further form of the vegetation bag of the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned form of vegetation bag, the bag body is made of at least partially water-permeable sheet material, and the blade body is made of water-proof sheet material.

[0012] A further embodiment of the vegetation bag of the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described embodiment, the blades are made of a foamed resin film having water-blocking and heat-insulating properties.

[0013] A further form of the vegetation bag of the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned form of vegetation bag, the bag body has a long cylindrical shape extending in the longitudinal direction, and the blade body extends along a width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bag body.

[0014] A further embodiment of the vegetation bag of the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described embodiment, the vegetation bag further comprises greening material containing at least one of seed material, fertilizer material, soil improvement material, and soil contained within the bag body.

[0015] A vegetation mat according to one embodiment of the present invention is a vegetation mat used for soil greening, A vegetation sheet that extends vertically and horizontally in a plane and is laid on the ground; It is characterized by comprising one or more vegetation bags of the above type held by the vegetation sheet. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] The vegetation bags and vegetation mats of the present invention can prevent damage caused by drying of vegetation plants without using water-absorbing materials made of polymer absorbents, and enable the ground or slopes to be greened more quickly and efficiently. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic perspective view of a vegetation bag according to one embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] Figure 1. Cross section of the vegetation bag. [Figure 3] 1 is a schematic perspective view of a vegetation mat according to one embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 4] Enlarged view of the vegetation mat in Figure 3 [Figure 5] 1 is a schematic diagram showing the state of a vegetation bag and a vegetation mat of one embodiment of the present invention immediately after installation on a slope. [Figure 6] Schematic diagram showing the shape of the vegetation bag and vegetation mat of one embodiment of the present invention during the germination stage after installation on a slope. [Figure 7] A schematic diagram showing the shape of the vegetation bag and vegetation mat of one embodiment of the present invention in the early growth stage after installation on a slope. [Figure 8] A schematic diagram showing the shape of the vegetation bag and vegetation mat of one embodiment of the present invention in the later stage of growth after being installed on a slope. [Figure 9] 1A and 1B are schematic diagrams showing vegetation mats equipped with vegetation bags according to Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, respectively, in a demonstration test of the present invention. [Figure 10] 1 is a photograph showing the state of the vegetation mat of the present invention immediately after installation in a demonstration test, showing an example and comparative examples 1 and 2. [Figure 11] 1 is a photograph showing the state of the vegetation mat of the present invention after 4 weeks in a demonstration test, showing an example and comparative examples 1 and 2. [Figure 12] 1 is a photograph showing the state of the vegetation mat of the present invention after 6 weeks in a demonstration test, showing an example and comparative examples 1 and 2. [Figure 13] FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a vegetation bag according to another embodiment (second embodiment) of the present invention. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a vegetation bag according to another embodiment (third embodiment) of the present invention. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a vegetation bag according to another embodiment (fourth embodiment) of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the shapes of the drawings referred to in the following description are conceptual or schematic diagrams for explaining preferred shapes and dimensions, and the dimensional ratios do not necessarily correspond to the actual dimensional ratios. In other words, the present invention is not limited to the dimensional ratios in the drawings.

[0019] The vegetation bag 100 and vegetation mat 10 of one embodiment of the present invention are installed on the ground, such as a slope, to promote the greening of the slope with vegetation plants. In this specification, the direction along the inclination of the slope when the vegetation bag 100 and the vegetation mat 10 are laid on the slope is defined as the "vertical" direction, and the direction along the contour line of the slope is defined as the "horizontal" direction. Furthermore, when the vegetation bag 100 and the vegetation mat 10 are laid on a slope, the side that is located on the toe side (upper or higher side) of the slope is defined as the "upper" position, and the side that is located on the toe side (lower or lower side) of the slope is defined as the "lower" position.

[0020] A vegetation bag 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention is placed directly or indirectly on the ground to be greened, and supplies water, fertilizer, and the like from the vegetation bag 100 to the ground, thereby assisting the germination and growth of vegetation plants P on the ground. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the vegetation bag 100. For ease of explanation, a portion of the vegetation bag 100 is shown cut away. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vegetation bag 100.

[0021] As shown in Figure 1, the vegetation bag 100 is formed in the shape of a long, thin cylinder extending in the longitudinal direction. The vegetation bag 100 includes a bag body 101 that defines an internal space, blade bodies 105 that extend like blades from the bag body 101, and greening material 110 contained in the bag body 101. Note that the vegetation bag of the present invention also includes one that does not contain greening material 110.

[0022] The bag 101 has a cylindrical shape extending in the longitudinal direction. Here, the longitudinal direction of the bag 101 is arranged along the contour line direction of the slope (or the horizontal direction of the vegetation mat 10). The bag 101 has a bottom wall portion 102 arranged on the ground side and a top wall portion 103 arranged on the opposite side of the ground above. As shown in FIG. 2, the bag 101 has an oval (or elliptical) shape in cross section. The bottom wall portion 102 and the top wall portion 103 are each made of a rectangular flexible sheet extending in the longitudinal direction. The cylindrical (or bag) shape is formed by overlapping two sheets and joining them (for example, sewing, welding, or bonding) into a bag shape. The bag 101 as a whole is made of a material that can hold the particulate greening material 110 inside the bag 101.

[0023] In this embodiment, the bag 101 is partially made of a water-permeable sheet material. In particular, the bottom wall 102 is capable of holding the particulate greening material 110 inside the bag 101 and is made of a water-permeable sheet (water-permeable material) that has water permeability (allowing water to pass through). The top wall 103 is capable of holding the particulate greening material 110 inside the bag 101 and is made of a waterproof sheet (water-impermeable material) that has water impermeability (blocking water from passing through). It is more preferable that this waterproof sheet have heat insulating properties in order to suppress temperature changes inside the bag 101.

[0024] According to the bag 101 of this embodiment, the water-impermeable top wall 103 extends to cover the greening material 110 inside the bag 101 from above. The top wall 103 also extends to the upper side portions of the bag 101 facing the sides. The water-impermeable region of the top wall 103 covers the upper portion of the greening material 110 from both above and the sides. That is, the water-impermeable top wall 103 functions to block the passage of water vapor that evaporates from absorbed water after rainfall or watering of the vegetation area. Furthermore, the top wall 103 has a predetermined thermal insulation property, so that it is relatively resistant to overheating when heated by direct sunlight, etc. Meanwhile, the water-permeable bottom wall 102 extends to the lower side portions of the bag 101 facing the sides and also extends across the ground-contact portion. The water-permeable region of bottom wall portion 102 covers the lower portion of greening material 110 from both the bottom and sides. In other words, when it rains or the vegetation area is watered, water-permeable bottom wall portion 102 can absorb moisture from the ground into bag body 101 via the water-permeable region and function to supply moisture to the ground later when the weather is fine.

[0025] The blades 105 extend like blades from the bag body 101, extending along the width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bag body 101. In this embodiment, a pair of blades 105 extend from both sides of the bag body 101 in the longitudinal direction. Like the top wall portion 103, the blades 105 are formed from a flexible waterproof sheet. The blades 105 have an extension length that allows them to hang down toward the ground when the bottom wall portion 102 is placed on the ground (or the vegetation mat 10) and to come into contact with the ground at a position different from that of the bottom wall portion 102. In this embodiment, the blades 105 are formed integrally with the top wall portion 103.

[0026] Furthermore, blade 105 has connecting portion 106 connected to bag 101 and movable portion 107 that is deformable so that its free end rises up with connecting portion 106 as a fixed end. Connecting portion 106 is located at the joint between top wall 103 and bottom wall 102 as the boundary between blade 105 and bag 101. Here, connecting portion 106 serves as the fixed end and the leading edge of blade 105 serves as the free end, so that movable portion 107 can flexibly deform so that its free end rises up. Movable portion 107 is configured so that its free end can be lifted and deformed by vegetation that has germinated or grown on the ground (or vegetation mat 10). In other words, the dimensions, shape (thickness and movable width) and material of blade 105 are determined so that movable portion 107 of blade 105 can be warped up and deformed even by the weak force caused by vegetation sprouting. More specifically, the weight per area of ​​the blade body 105 is 60 g / m 2 It is preferable that the weight per area of ​​the blade body 105 is less than 60 g / m, although it depends on the type of vegetation. 2 If the extension length of the blade body 105 is less than 10 mm, it is expected that the blade body 105 will be lifted by the sprouting or growing vegetation. Also, it is preferable that the extension length of the blade body 105 (the distance from the fixed end to the free end) is 10 to 100 mm. If the extension length of the blade body 105 is less than 10 mm, it is expected that the area covering the vegetation will be small and it will not be able to exhibit a sufficient water retention effect. On the other hand, if the extension length of the blade body 105 exceeds 100 mm, it is expected that the increase in the overall weight will make it difficult for the blade body 105 to float up with the weak force of the sprouting vegetation.

[0027] The water-permeable sheet forming part of the bag body 101 may be selected from nonwoven fabric, woven fabric, a combination thereof, etc. (This does not limit the present invention.) More specifically, the material of the nonwoven fabric and woven fabric may be selected from polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, polylactic acid, rayon, cotton, a mixture thereof, etc. Alternatively, when a sheet material that does not have water permeability, such as paper or resin film, is selected, water permeability may be ensured by forming the sheet in a mesh shape with multiple openings continuously arranged in a plane.

[0028] The waterproof sheet forming part of the bag body 101 and the blades 105 may be selected from, for example (without limiting the present invention), paper, resin film (for example, a polyethylene waterproof laminate sheet), foamed resin sheet, or a combination thereof. It is more preferable that the waterproof sheet has heat insulating properties in addition to water impermeability. In this embodiment, a foamed polyethylene sheet formed by closed-cell molding with heat insulating properties is selected as the material for the waterproof sheet. In order for the waterproof sheet to exhibit heat insulating properties, it is preferable that the thickness of the foamed polyethylene sheet be approximately 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm.

[0029] The greening material 110 is filled and held in the internal space of the bag 101. The greening material 110 is a material used for vegetation, and includes at least one of seed material, fertilizer material, soil improvement material, and soil. As shown in FIG. 2 , the bag 101 is filled with the greening material 110 without any gaps, causing the bag 101 to bulge into an oval shape in cross section. In this embodiment, one longitudinal end of the bag 101 is open, and the greening material 110 is filled from the open end. Then, after the greening material 110 is filled, the open end is sealed.

[0030] The vegetation bag 100 of this embodiment may be placed on the ground by itself, but soil greening can be more effectively achieved by placing it on the ground as a vegetation mat 10 while being held by a vegetation sheet 11. Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of the vegetation mat 10 of one embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 4 is a partially enlarged view thereof.

[0031] 3 and 4, the vegetation mat 10 comprises a water-permeable vegetation sheet 11 that is laid on the ground and extends lengthwise and widthwise in a plane, and a plurality of vegetation bags 100 held by the vegetation sheet 11. The vegetation mat 10 also uses pin-shaped fixing members 18 that penetrate the vegetation sheet 11 and the vegetation bags 100 to fix them to the ground.

[0032] The vegetation sheet 11 has sufficient flexibility and pliability so that it can be wound into a roll. The vegetation sheet 11 comprises a mesh sheet 12 extending lengthwise and widthwise in a plane, and a seeded sheet 13 on which seeds of vegetation plants are sown. The mesh sheet 12 is attached to the surface of the seeded sheet 13 by any bonding means such as an adhesive.

[0033] The mesh sheet 12 is made of a double-woven net formed by weaving warp and weft threads at approximately right angles, and the warp and weft threads can be made of synthetic resin materials or natural fiber. This mesh sheet 12 can protect slopes by preventing soil erosion from the slope. The mesh pattern and mesh size of the mesh sheet 12 can be selected as desired. The seed-bearing sheet 13 is made of a flat, extending sheet body to which multiple seeds are attached. The seed-bearing sheet 13 is held in the vegetation mat 10 as a type of greening material. The seed-bearing sheet 13 can be made of paper, woven fabric, or nonwoven fabric. The seed-bearing sheet 13 may be water-soluble or hydrolytic, so that it disappears with rainfall.

[0034] The vegetation sheet 11 also has multiple storage sections 14 for storing vegetation bags 100. Each storage section 14 is composed of a mesh-like, elongated cylinder extending in the longitudinal direction and is configured to hold a vegetation bag 100 inside. The storage section 14 is composed of multiple warp threads positioned in the vertical direction and weft threads connecting the warp threads. The weft threads are divided into a front and back side, and the warp threads are alternately woven horizontally into each of the weft threads to form a cylindrical shape. In other words, the storage section 14 is formed in the shape of a bag with two overlapping nets. The storage section 14 extends from one end to the other with its longitudinal direction aligned with the horizontal direction of the vegetation sheet 11. One or both longitudinal ends of the storage section 14 are open, allowing the cylindrical vegetation bag 100 to be inserted through the opening.

[0035] The vegetation bag 100 is placed on the surface of the seed-bearing sheet 13 by being housed in the housing 14. The vegetation bag 100 may be housed in the housing 14 and fixed to the vegetation sheet 11 with pins, anchors, or the like. The vegetation bag 100 is held so that its blades 105 can float and deform toward the surface inside the housing 14. In particular, the width of the housing 104 is larger than the overall width of the vegetation bag 100 (including the blades 105), and is configured so as not to press down on the blades 105 from above. The longitudinal direction of the vegetation bag 100 is arranged along the lateral direction of the vegetation sheet 11.

[0036] With reference to Figure 5, an installation structure in which the vegetation bag 100 and the vegetation mat 10 of this embodiment are installed on a slope G will be described. In the installation structure, the vegetation mat 10 is arranged so that its longitudinal direction is along the inclination direction of the slope G and is fixed to the slope G by a fixing member 18 (see Figures 3 and 4) serving as a pin. The fixing member 18 is also arranged so as to penetrate the vegetation bag 100. This allows the vegetation bag 100 to be connected to the vegetation sheet 11 and the slope G without shifting. Furthermore, since the vegetation bags 100 are attached to the vegetation mat 10 with their longitudinal direction aligned with the lateral direction of the vegetation mat 10, they are arranged along the contour direction of the slope. Furthermore, multiple vegetation bags 100 are arranged in the inclination direction of the slope G. In this way, multiple vegetation bags 100 extending in a direction perpendicular to the inclination direction of the slope G can block water flowing down the slope and absorb it more efficiently.

[0037] In addition, in the installation structure, the bottom wall 102 forming the water-permeable region faces toward the ground surface of the slope G and in the inclined direction (near the ground surface), while the top wall 103 forming the water-blocking region faces the opposite direction (upward) of the ground surface of the slope G and in the inclined direction (away from the ground surface). That is, the top wall 103 covers the greening material 110 in the upper half of the interior space of the bag 101 from above and from the sides (in the inclined or width direction). The top wall 103 covers the greening material 110 like an umbrella, preventing precipitation from vertically above from flowing directly into the interior of the bag 101 during rainfall or watering. Furthermore, slope runoff flowing down the slope G is prevented from directly passing through the upper half of the interior space of the bag 101. On the other hand, slope runoff enters the interior of the vegetation bag 100 via the bottom wall 102 facing laterally near the slope surface. The moisture is first absorbed by the greening material 110 in the lower half of the interior space of the bag 101, and then gradually seeps into the upper half. For example, on a sunny day after rainfall or watering, the moisture absorbed into the vegetation bag 100 is gradually supplied to the ground via the bottom wall 102 to support the growth of vegetation.

[0038] The blades 105 of each vegetation bag 100 hang down so as to contact the surface of the seed-bearing sheet 13 inside the storage section 14. In other words, the blades 105 contact the seed-bearing sheet 13 (or the ground) at a position adjacent to or close to the bottom wall section 102. The blades 105 are arranged so that their extension direction is along a direction (contour) perpendicular to the inclination direction of the slope G and their longitudinal direction is along the contour line of the slope G. The movable parts 107 of the blades 105 contact the surface of the vegetation sheet 11, thereby covering the vegetation sheet 11 and the soil surface from above across the entire lateral direction of the vegetation mat 10. In this way, the waterproof blades 105 cover the vegetation sheet 11 and the soil surface, thereby functioning to prevent moisture stored in the soil due to rainfall, etc., from evaporating from the soil surface of the slope G.

[0039] Next, we will explain how the installation structure of the vegetation mat 10 installed on the slope G changes over time. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the shape of the vegetation mat 10 in the germination stage after installation on the slope G. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the shape of the vegetation mat 10 in the early growth stage after installation on the slope G. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the shape of the vegetation mat 10 in the late growth stage after installation on the slope G.

[0040] In the installation structure of the vegetation mat 10 shown in FIG. 6, after several rainfalls, vegetation plants P germinate from the seeds in the seed-bearing sheet 13 of the vegetation sheet 11. During this germination period, a relatively large amount of moisture is stored under the blade body 105, making it easy for the vegetation plants P to germinate. Then, the movable part 107 of the blade body 105 is lifted upward inside the storage part 14 by the vegetation plants P that have germinated from the surface of the vegetation sheet 11 below the blade body 105. In other words, in the installation structure during the germination period, the blade body 105 is raised above the surface of the vegetation sheet 11. By having the blade body 105 cover the vegetation sheet 11 from above in a close position while ensuring the ventilation and sunlight necessary for the growth of the germinated vegetation plants P, it is possible to suppress evaporation of moisture from the soil surface of the slope G. Furthermore, because the blade 105 is in contact with or close to the vegetation P, moisture evaporated from the soil surface and the vegetation P adheres to the blade 105 as dew D. In other words, the blade 105 can retain the moisture evaporated from the vegetation P on its surface as water droplets. This prevents the vegetation from running out of water in the growing environment and promotes the growth of the vegetation P near the blade 105.

[0041] In the installation structure of the vegetation mat 10 shown in Figure 7, the vegetation P is in the early growth stage after the germination stage. As shown in Figure 7, at this stage, the vegetation P grows relatively large, and as a result, the movable part 107 of the blade body 105 is deformed so as to be warped up inside the storage part 14. At this time, the blade body 105 is in contact with or close to the vegetation P from the side, so at this stage as well, moisture evaporated from the soil surface and the vegetation P adheres to the blade body 105 as dew D. The dew D adheres not only to the surface of the blade body 105 but also to the surface of the vegetation P adjacent to the blade body 105.

[0042] In the installation structure of the vegetation mat 10 shown in Figure 8, the vegetation P is in the later stage of growth, having grown further from the early stage. At the stage shown in Figure 8, the vegetation P is lush, and as a result, the blades 105 are hidden by the thickets of the vegetation P, and the movable parts 107 are deformed so as to rise approximately perpendicular to the slope G inside the storage part 14. At this time, the blades 105 are in contact with or close to the vegetation P from the side, so that the blades 105 can continuously retain moisture evaporated from the vegetation P on their surfaces even as the vegetation P grows lushly. Dew D adheres not only to the surface of the blades 105 but also to a wider area of ​​the surface of the vegetation P. In other words, the dew D spreads over the adjacent vegetation P.

[0043] In this way, the vegetation mat 10 equipped with the vegetation bag 100 of this embodiment allows the blades 105 to capture the moisture evaporated from the vegetation P as dew D, thereby continuously replenishing moisture to the vegetation P. The water droplets held on the surfaces of the blades 105 eventually increase the humidity in the area around the blades 105, causing the formation of dew D to spread in a chain reaction to the surface of the vegetation P. Therefore, even in an environment with infrequent rainfall, the vegetation mat 10 promotes the generation of dew to reuse the moisture evaporated from the vegetation P, thereby effectively suppressing drought damage to the vegetation P and realizing early greening of the vegetation.

[0044] Next, a method for greening a slope G using the vegetation mat 10 will be described. First, one or more vegetation sheets 11 of predetermined dimensions are prepared according to the area of ​​the slope G to be greened. The vegetation sheet 11 is laid on the slope G so that the longitudinal direction of the vegetation sheet 11 is aligned with the inclination direction of the slope G. Then, multiple vegetation bags 100 are inserted into some or all of the storage sections 14 of the vegetation sheet 11. Note that the multiple vegetation bags 100 may be attached to the vegetation sheet 11 before laying it, or they may be attached after laying the vegetation sheet 11. Next, multiple fixing members 18 are driven into the slope G, penetrating the vegetation mat 10. It is preferable that some of the fixing members 18 are driven so as to penetrate the vegetation bags 100. Through the above steps, the vegetation mat 10 is installed on the slope G, thereby protecting the slope G and promoting greening.

[0045] The inventors conducted a demonstration test to confirm the effects of the vegetation mat of the present invention described above. The demonstration test was conducted by forming soil in a tray placed at an angle of approximately 45 degrees to simulate an environment similar to that of a slope, placing various types of vegetation mats on the soil surface, and observing the changes over time. This demonstration test was conducted outdoors in a completely private site where access from outside was prohibited, under a climate suitable for plant growth from early March to late April.

[0046] The vegetation mat of Example 1 was prepared by attaching the vegetation bag shown in Figures 1 and 2 to a vegetation sheet, and was prepared to have the same configuration as the vegetation mat shown in Figures 3 and 4. Specifically, a mesh sheet made of a double-woven net was attached to the surface of the seed-bearing sheet to form the vegetation sheet, and the vegetation bag was inserted into the storage section of the mesh sheet. The top wall and blades of the bag were integrally formed from a foamed polyethylene sheet of a predetermined thickness that had water-blocking and heat-insulating properties, and the bottom wall was formed from a water-permeable nonwoven fabric. The inside of the bag was filled with a soil improvement material. The vegetation bag and vegetation sheet were then fixed to the soil with pins. In this example, the extension length of the blades was 20 mm, and the thickness of the blades was 1.0 mm (weight per area 26 g / m 2 ) was decided.

[0047] Figures 9(a) and (b) show the schematic configurations of the vegetation bags and vegetation mats of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 used in the demonstration test. The reference numerals of each element correspond to those in Figure 5. The vegetation sheets used in the comparative examples were the same as those used in the examples. The vegetation bag of Comparative Example 1 shown in Figure 9(a) was made entirely of a water-permeable nonwoven fabric. The vegetation bag of Comparative Example 2 shown in Figure 9(b) had a top wall integrally formed from a water-blocking and heat-insulating foamed polyethylene sheet of a predetermined thickness, and a bottom wall formed from a water-permeable nonwoven fabric. The thickness of the foamed polyethylene sheet of Comparative Example 2 was the same as that of the examples. In other words, the only difference between the vegetation bag of the examples and the vegetation bag of Comparative Example 2 was the presence or absence of blades.

[0048] Figure 10 shows photographs of the vegetation mats of the Example and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 immediately after installation. As an evaluation method, the vegetation mats were photographed and observed four and six weeks after installation in Figure 10 to see how the seeds germinate from the seed-bearing sheets and how the vegetation plants grow, and the Examples and Comparative Examples were compared visually. Furthermore, for the samples four and six weeks after installation, the greening coverage rate was measured visually based on the proportion of vegetation on the surface of the vegetation sheet, and the maximum height of the vegetation plants was also measured.

[0049] Figures 11 and 12 show photographs of the vegetation mats of the Example and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, taken four and six weeks after installation, respectively, as test results of the demonstration test. As shown in Figures 11 and 12, significant differences in vegetation growth were observed between the Example and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in the samples four and six weeks after installation. The observation results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0050] [Table 1]

[0051] As shown in FIG. 11 and Table 1, the observation results after 4 weeks showed that the greening coverage rate of the Example was 5-10%, while that of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was less than 5%. Furthermore, the results of maximum plant height show that the Example grew faster than Comparative Examples 1 and 2. In other words, the vegetation bag (or vegetation mat) of Example 1 showed advantageous results in terms of vegetation greening on slopes compared to the vegetation bags of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Furthermore, it was observed that the blades of Example 1 were deformed and curved upward as the vegetation grew.

[0052] As shown in Figure 12 and Table 1, the observation results after six weeks show a more significant difference between the Example and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 than the observation results after four weeks. The greening coverage rate of the Example is 30-40%, while the greening coverage rates of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are less than 20% and less than 30%, respectively. Furthermore, the results of maximum plant height show that the Example grows faster than Comparative Examples 1 and 2. In other words, the vegetation bag (or vegetation mat) of Example 1 shows advantageous results compared to the vegetation bags of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in vegetation greening on slopes. Furthermore, it was observed that in the Example, the blades were deformed so that they rose almost perpendicular to the slope as the vegetation grew.

[0053] Considering the above observation results, it was found that the vegetation bag (Comparative Example 2) in which part of the bag body is made of a waterproof sheet (nonwoven fabric) more effectively promotes the growth of vegetation than the conventional vegetation bag (Comparative Example 1) in which the entire bag body is made of a water-permeable sheet (nonwoven fabric). Furthermore, comparing Comparative Example 2 with the Examples, it was found that the presence or absence of blades results in a significant difference in the greening coverage rate. Therefore, this test demonstrated that, compared to the vegetation mats of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the blades of the vegetation bag (or vegetation mat) of the Examples function to continuously supply moisture to vegetation from the germination stage to the later growth stage, thereby reducing drought damage to vegetation and enabling early introduction of vegetation.

[0054] Based on the above, the effects of the vegetation bag 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0055] According to the vegetation bag 100 of this embodiment, when the bag body 101 is placed on the ground and vegetation P germinates or grows from the ground (or vegetation sheet 11), the vegetation P lifts the blade 105 so that it floats above the ground. The lifted blade 105 then comes close to or into contact with the germinated or grown vegetation P and can extend to face the vegetation P from above and / or to the side. At this time, because the blade 105 is waterproof, the blade 105 promotes the formation of dew from the water vapor evaporated from the vegetation, and the dew adheres to the surface of the blade 105 as water droplets. The water droplets adhering to the surface of the blade 105 increase the humidity in the area surrounding the blade 105, and the formation of dew on the surface of the vegetation P spreads in a chain reaction, at least in the area surrounding the blade 105. As a result, the vegetation bag 100 can continuously supply moisture to the vegetation P and effectively prevent damage caused by drying out of the vegetation P. Therefore, the vegetation bag 100 of this embodiment makes it possible to green the ground more quickly and efficiently.

[0056] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and further embodiments and various modifications are possible. Other embodiments and modifications of the present invention will be described below. In the other embodiments and modifications, components with the same reference numerals have the same or similar characteristics unless otherwise specified, and some of the description will be omitted.

[0057] (1) The vegetation bag of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and can take various forms. As in the vegetation bag 100A shown in FIG. 13, the blades 105 may be formed to extend from either side of the width of the bag 101. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, since vegetation tends to grow more luxuriantly above the slope of the vegetation bag than below, it is preferable to position the blades 105 at the top when installing the vegetation bag 100A on a slope. Similarly, the vegetation bag 100A of this embodiment allows for faster and more efficient greening of the ground by covering the ground with a single blade 105 and providing water retention.

[0058] (2) The vegetation bag of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and can take various forms. As shown in FIG. 14, the bag body 101B may be formed only from a water-permeable sheet, and the blades 105 may be connected to the bag body 101B as separate bodies, as in the vegetation bag 100B. The blades 105 may be connected to the bag body 101B by any means, such as adhesive, tape, or stitching. Similarly, the vegetation bag 100B of this embodiment allows the blades 105 to cover the ground and retain water, enabling faster and more efficient greening of the ground than conventional techniques.

[0059] (3) The vegetation bag of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and can take various forms. As shown in Fig. 15, the bottom wall 102 of the bag 101C may be made of a water-impermeable material, the top wall 103 may be made of a water-permeable material, and the water-impermeable blades 105 may be integrally formed with the bottom wall 102. Similarly, the vegetation bag 100C of this embodiment allows the blades 105 to cover the ground and retain water, thereby enabling faster and more efficient greening of the ground compared to conventional techniques.

[0060] (4) The vegetation bag of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and may take various forms. In the above embodiment, the vegetation bag is attached to the vegetation sheet as part of the vegetation mat, but it may also be placed directly on the ground.

[0061] (4) The vegetation bag of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and may take various forms. In the above embodiment, the bag body of the vegetation bag has an elongated cylindrical shape, but the shape of the bag body is not limited to an elongated cylindrical shape, and the shape may be appropriately selected or changed by a person skilled in the art depending on the environment in which it is installed.

[0062] (5) The vegetation mat of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and can take various forms. In the above embodiment, the vegetation sheet is formed by combining a mesh sheet and a seed-bearing sheet, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the vegetation sheet may be composed of only a mesh sheet without including a seed-bearing sheet. Alternatively, the vegetation sheet may be composed of a single-layer or multi-layer nonwoven fabric, woven fabric, paper, etc., without including a mesh sheet. The vegetation bag may then be placed on the vegetation sheet and secured in place with pins, adhesive, etc.

[0063] (6) In the above embodiment, the vegetation bags and vegetation mats are used for greening slopes. However, the vegetation bags and vegetation mats of the present invention may also be used for greening surfaces other than slopes.

[0064] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can be embodied in various forms within the technical scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0065] 10 Vegetation Mat 11 Vegetation Sheet 12 Mesh Sheet 13 Seed-bearing sheet 14 Storage section 18 Fixing member 100 vegetation bags 101 Bag body 102 bottom wall 103 Top wall 105 Winged body 106 Connection part 107 Moving parts 110 Greening materials G Slope P Vegetation D water drop

Claims

1. A vegetation bag to be placed on the ground to be greened, a bag body having a bottom wall portion disposed on the ground side and a top wall portion disposed on the opposite side from the ground; one or more blades extending from the bag in a blade-like shape, having an extension length that allows the blades to contact the ground at a position different from the bottom wall portion, and made of a water-impermeable material; The wing body has a connecting portion that is connected to the bag body and a movable portion that is deformable so that its free end is lifted up with the connecting portion as a fixed end, and the movable portion is configured so that the free end is lifted up by vegetation that has germinated or grown on the ground.

2. The weight per area of ​​the blade is 60 g / m ２ The vegetation bag according to claim 1, characterized in that the length is less than 10 mm, and the distance from the fixed end to the free end of the blade body is 10 to 100 mm.

3. 2. The vegetation bag according to claim 1, wherein the bag body is at least partially made of a water-permeable sheet material, and the blade body is made of a water-blocking sheet material.

4. 4. The vegetation bag according to claim 3, wherein the blades are made of a foamed resin film having water-proof and heat-insulating properties.

5. The vegetation bag according to claim 1, characterized in that the bag body has a long cylindrical shape extending in the longitudinal direction, and the blade body extends along a width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bag body.

6. The vegetation bag according to claim 1, further comprising a greening material, which is contained in the bag body and includes at least one of seed material, fertilizer material, soil improvement material, and soil.

7. A vegetation mat used for soil greening, A vegetation sheet that extends vertically and horizontally in a plane and is laid on the ground; A vegetation mat comprising one or more vegetation bags according to any one of claims 1 to 6 held by the vegetation sheet.

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