Method for producing fermentation products

Abstract

To provide a production method capable of obtaining a fermented product from a plant in a short time.SOLUTION: A production method of a fermented product includes: preparing a plant volume-reduced product by bringing a plant into contact with active oxygen and crushing cell membranes to reduce the volume of the plant; and fermenting the volume-reduced product to obtain the fermented product. The active oxygen is preferably generated by an active oxygen generation apparatus including: an electronic radiation type negative ion generation unit for discharging ionized gas by irradiating an oxygen-containing gas flowing in from a gas inflow port with electron; and a high magnetic field chamber, in which an inflow side of a channel disposed in a permanent magnet is an S pole or an N pole and an outflow side is an opposite pole thereof, for discharging the active oxygen by causing the ionized gas discharged from the electronic radiation type negative ion generation unit to flow into the channel.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing a fermentation product. [Background technology]

[0002] A known method for producing fermentation products from aquatic plants is to mix 85% aquatic plants, 5% anaerobic soil bacteria, and 10% wood chips, cover the mixture with a black sheet, and allow it to ferment anaerobically for approximately two months to produce compost (Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2). [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0003] [Non-Patent Document 1] Nikkei Shimbun, January 30, 2019, “Meiho Construction turns Lake Biwa aquatic plants into compost, quickly produces odorless compost,” https: / / www.nikkei.com / article / DGXMZO40664340Q9A130C1LKA000 / [Non-patent document 2] Asahi Shimbun, February 7, 2019, “Shiga) Turning Troublesome Aquatic Plants into Compost with the Power of Microorganisms, Developed by a Construction Company,” https: / / www.asahi.com / articles / ASM1Y61NNM1YPTJB013.html Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Conventional production methods have the problem that it takes a long time to obtain a fermentation product (compost). An object of the present invention is to provide a production method that allows for the production of fermentation products from plants in a short period of time. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The method for producing a fermentation product of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises contacting a plant with active oxygen to destroy the plant's cell membrane and thereby reducing the plant's volume, preparing a reduced plant mass, and fermenting the reduced plant mass to obtain a fermentation product, an electron emission type negative ion generating unit for discharging ionized gas by emitting electrons to the oxygen-containing gas flowing in from the gas inlet; The inlet side of the flow path provided in the permanent magnet is the south pole or north pole, and the outlet side is the opposite pole. The active oxygen generator has a high magnetic field chamber for flowing ionized gas flowing out from the electron emission type negative ion generating unit into the flow path to discharge active oxygen. Place generated from The ion density of the ionized gas is 1×10 3 ~1×10 8 The key point is that the number is 1 / ml. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] According to the method for producing a fermentation product of the present invention, a fermentation product can be produced from a plant in a short period of time (about 5 to 10 days). [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic diagram of one embodiment of an active oxygen generator capable of generating preferred active oxygen among the active oxygens used in the method for producing a fermentation product of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a photograph showing the cutting of aquatic plants used in the examples. [Figure 3] This is a photograph taken of the aquatic plants used in the example being pulled up. [Figure 4] 1 is a photograph of an active oxygen generator and a ribbon mixer used in the examples. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] The plant is not limited as long as it is a photosynthetic organism, but from the viewpoint of the effects of the present invention, it is preferably applied to at least one species selected from the group consisting of red algae, heteroknots, and green plants, more preferably green plants, and particularly preferably at least one aquatic plant selected from the group consisting of wetland plants, emerged plants, floating plants, and submerged plants. Furthermore, the plant may include fruits, fruit peels, vegetables, vegetable peels, fallen leaves, etc.

[0009] There is no limit to the active oxygen as long as it can destroy the cell membrane of plants. However, from the viewpoint of the destructive power of the cell membrane (degree of volume reduction), superoxide anion (·O2 - It is considered preferable that the active oxygen contained in the solution is a hydrogen peroxide radical (H2O2) or a hydroperoxyl radical (HO2). The active oxygen may be diluted with air or may contain multiple types of active oxygen as long as it is present at a concentration that is sufficient to destroy the plant cell membrane.

[0010] an electron emission type negative ion generating unit for emitting electrons to oxygen-containing gas flowing in from a gas inlet among active oxygen, thereby causing ionized gas to flow out; The active oxygen generated from an active oxygen generator having a flow path provided in a permanent magnet with an inlet side being either the south pole or the north pole and an outlet side being the opposite pole, and a high magnetic field chamber for flowing ionized gas from an electron emission type negative ion generating unit into this flow path to discharge active oxygen is preferred. The active oxygen generated from this device includes superoxide anion (·O2 - ) and hydroperoxyl radicals (HO2).

[0011] In this active oxygen generator, the electron emission type negative ion generating unit has a built-in cathode needle for applying high voltage, and has a gas inlet for introducing oxygen-containing gas and an ion gas outlet for discharging ionized gas. The electron emission type negative ion generating unit does not utilize the corona discharge phenomenon, but generates ionized gas by emitting electrons from a needle-shaped cathode needle into an oxygen-containing gas, and known electron emission type negative ion generating units (such as those disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 7-153549, 10-162932, 10-199654, 10-199655, 10-325560, 2001-338743, 2001-56395, 2002-110312, 2002-319470, 2003-17218, and 2005-5049) can be used.

[0012] Among known electron emission type negative ion generating units, those using iron core type transformers are prone to generating electromagnetic waves (i.e., electric and magnetic fields), so those using a piezoelectric transformer are preferred. Examples of commercially available units include the negative ion generating unit MION (Nissin Electric Co., Ltd.), negative ion generating units ITM-F201 and ITM-F301 (Andes Electric Co., Ltd.), and negative ion generators ION001-3 / 12 / 24 / 100 and ION002-100 (Chuen Electronics Co., Ltd.).

[0013] The gas inlet may be configured to allow oxygen-containing gas (i.e., gas containing oxygen molecules; oxygen gas, air, etc.) to flow in, but it is preferable that the gas inlet be connected to the outlet of an oxygen concentrator that draws in air and outputs oxygen-containing gas containing a high concentration of oxygen.

[0014] The oxygen concentrator can be either an adsorption type (PSA: Pressure Swing Adsorption) that uses special zeolite and repeatedly pressurizes and depressurizes to separate oxygen gas from nitrogen gas, or an oxygen enrichment membrane type that uses an oxygen enrichment membrane that allows more oxygen gas to pass through than nitrogen gas to concentrate oxygen gas, but the adsorption type (PSA) is preferred.

[0015] The ion density of the ionized gas is 1×10 3 ~1×10 8 About 1.5 × 10 3 ~2×10 7 Approximately 1 / ml is preferable. The ion density is measured in accordance with JIS B9929:2006 "Method for measuring ion density in air" (parallel plate ion density measuring instrument).

[0016] The high magnetic field chamber contains a high magnetic field that can apply a magnetic field to the ionized gas flowing out from the electron emission type negative ion generating unit. The high magnetic field chamber also has an ionized gas inlet for receiving the ionized gas flowing out from the electron emission type negative ion generating unit, and an active oxygen outlet for discharging active oxygen from the high magnetic field chamber.

[0017] The high-magnetic field chamber contains a permanent magnet with a flow path, where the inlet side is a south pole or north pole and the outlet side is the opposite pole. This flow path may be formed by drilling a hole in a cylindrical permanent magnet, by utilizing the hollow part of a hollow cylindrical permanent magnet as is, or by stacking ring-shaped or doughnut-shaped permanent magnets. The flow path may also be protected by a protective coating (such as a protective tube or protective paint).

[0018] There is no limitation on the type of permanent magnet, which may be a hard ferrite magnet, neodymium magnet, alnico magnet, or samarium-cobalt magnet, but from the viewpoint of magnetic field strength, at least one type selected from the group consisting of neodymium magnets (up to approximately 80°C), alnico magnets, and samarium-cobalt magnets is preferred (neodymium magnets are even more preferred), and from the viewpoint of magnetic field strength and heat resistance, at least one type selected from the group consisting of alnico magnets (up to approximately 450°C) and samarium-cobalt magnets (up to approximately 200°C) is preferred.

[0019] The magnetic flux density near the active oxygen outlet is preferably about 100 to 700 mT, and more preferably about 200 to 600 mT.

[0020] When plants are treated by contacting them with active oxygen, the plants are reduced in volume (i.e., their volume decreases) and water (cell sap) is released, which is thought to be due to the destruction of the plant's cell membranes. In the present invention, the plant is brought into contact with active oxygen to destroy the plant's cell membranes, thereby reducing the plant's volume and preparing the reduced plant material. This allows the fermentation bacteria to easily enter the interior of the cells, facilitating fermentation and allowing the fermentation product to be obtained in a short period of time.

[0021] The degree of volume reduction depends on the contact conditions with active oxygen (temperature, time, etc.) and the type of plant, but is approximately 1 / 5 to 1 / 10.

[0022] The contact time between the plant and the active oxygen can be determined appropriately depending on the amount of treatment, the type of plant, etc., but may be about 30 to 180 minutes. The contact temperature can also be determined appropriately, but may be about 5 to 40°C from the viewpoint of treatment costs, and heating may be used when the temperature is low, such as in winter.

[0023] Known methods can be applied as a method for fermenting the reduced plant matter to obtain a fermentation product. It is preferable to mix the reduced plant matter with fermentation bacteria before fermentation. Furthermore, it is preferable to mix the reduced plant matter with charcoal particles before fermentation. When the fermentation product is compost, it is also preferable to mix the reduced plant matter with bran before fermentation. That is, when the fermentation product is compost, it is preferable to mix the reduced plant matter with charcoal particles, bran, and fermentation bacteria before fermentation.

[0024] The charcoal particles are used to absorb the water (cell sap) produced by volume reduction and regulate moisture content, and there are no restrictions on their type or size, and any carbonized material obtained by steaming organic matter (bamboo, wood, coconut shells, rattan, chicken manure, etc.) can be used. The charcoal particles can also serve as a habitat for fermentation bacteria, and if the fermentation product is compost, they can also serve as a habitat for bacteria in the soil.

[0025] There are no restrictions on the organic matter that can be used as the raw material for the charcoal particles as long as it can be carbonized, but coconut shells, bamboo, and wood are preferred from the viewpoint of quality, etc. Among bamboo and wood, from the viewpoint of environmental protection, waste materials (construction waste, furniture waste, used chopsticks, waste pallets), pruning materials from potted plants, and compression molded products obtained by compressing and molding crushed materials thereof can be used.

[0026] When bamboo and wood are used as raw materials for charcoal particles, they are preferably produced in a vertical carbonization furnace. The carbonization temperature (°C) is preferably about 500 to 1000, more preferably about 700 to 800.

[0027] The carbon particles themselves do not necessarily need to be porous, but being porous increases the amount of water absorbed and also increases the habitat for bacteria, so it is preferable that the carbon particles are porous.

[0028] When the fermentation product is compost, it is preferable that the amount of plants used is 20 to 40 parts by weight, the amount of charcoal particles used is 4 to 30 parts by weight, the amount of bran used is 30 to 70 parts by weight, and the amount of fermentation bacteria used is 1 to 20 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of plants, charcoal particles, bran, and fermentation bacteria.

[0029] When the fermentation product is compost, the bran is preferably rice bran and / or wheat bran, and the fermenting bacteria are preferably aerobic bacteria.

[0030] The fermentation product can be appropriately selected, and may be compost, methane, etc. Fermentation bacteria can be appropriately selected depending on the fermentation product. [Example]

[0031] 35 kg of aquatic plants (mainly water hyacinths: moisture content 98% by weight) collected from Lake Biwa were placed in a ribbon mixer (a 700-liter drum-type container with horizontal agitation blades). An aluminum bellows hose was connected to the active oxygen inlet of the ribbon mixer, and an active oxygen generator (electron emission type negative ion generator unit: MION (Nissin Electric Co., Ltd., applied voltage -8000 V)) was used. Two ring-shaped neodymium magnets (inner diameter 25 mm, outer diameter 35 mm, thickness 9 mm, nickel plating thickness 12 μm) and one ring-shaped neodymium magnet (inner diameter 25 mm, outer diameter 35 mm, thickness 9 mm, nickel plating thickness 12 μm) were used. A high magnetic field chamber was used, which was constructed by stacking two electron emission negative ion generating units (13 mm thick, 12 μm thick nickel-plated) and installing a fluororesin tube inside to form a flow path (N pole at the inlet side, S pole at the outlet side). The ion gas outlet of the electron emission negative ion generating unit was connected to the ion gas inlet of the high magnetic field chamber, and a pressure-resistant vinyl hose with a length of 1 m and an inner diameter of 15 mm was connected to the active oxygen outlet of the high magnetic field chamber. Air was supplied at 28 L / min from the gas inlet of the electron emission negative ion generating unit, and the active oxygen discharged from the active oxygen outlet was blown into a blower (3-5 m). 3 The aquatic plants were contacted with active oxygen at approximately 30°C for 60 minutes while negative pressure (at 1000 kJ / min) was applied and supplied to an aluminum bellows hose, resulting in reduced plant material (plant pieces approximately 1 cm long).

[0032] Subsequently, 60 kg of rice bran, 12 kg of charcoal particles, and 7.25 kg of fermentation bacteria juice were added to the ribbon mixer and mixed uniformly. The mixture was then discharged from the ribbon mixer and turned over once a day in the fermentation facility (a fermentation operation in which air is mixed in by stirring). The mixture's temperature rose to 70-80°C. After five days, when the mixture's temperature reached 30°C, it was determined that fermentation was nearly complete, and the turning over was stopped, and the fermented product was obtained. The charcoal particles were produced by crushing wood waste pallets (Tropical wood) to obtain chips (maximum length 2-10 cm). The chips were then carbonized in a vertical carbonization furnace (grass and wood chip continuous charcoal making machine, Type 180 kg / Hr, Murai Iron Works) at 700-800°C for 30-40 minutes, and then passed through a wire mesh with 2.8 mm openings (maximum length 0.1-2.8 cm). Fermented bacteria juice was prepared by uniformly mixing 5 kg of hot water at 90°C with 0.75 kg of Bacillus subtilis (RM-90), leaving the mixture to stand for 12 hours while maintaining the temperature at 40°C, and then adding and mixing in 1.5 kg of Glutop (trehalose, Kondo Eiichi Shoten Co., Ltd., a non-animal-derived feed additive).

[0033] The obtained fermentation product was rated as "Special A" pattern, the highest grade, on a five-level ranking scale of Special A, A, B, C, and D, in an MQI (Manure Quality Index) analysis conducted by SOFIX Agriculture Promotion Organization, based on the following measurement items:

[0034] [Table 1]

[0035] Previously, it took about three years to obtain compost from Lake Biwa's aquatic plants through natural fermentation, and even with the methods described in Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2, it took about two months. However, by applying the method of the present invention, very good compost could be obtained in about five days (compost could be produced in about 10 days even at low winter temperatures). Furthermore, compared to animal-based compost, it does not contain pathogenic bacteria or antibiotics, making it highly safe. Furthermore, since it can be fermented in a short period of time, continuous production is possible. While the above example shows the production of compost as a fermentation product, it is believed that other fermentation products can also be fermented in a short period of time because the plant cell membranes are destroyed before fermentation. [Explanation of symbols]

[0036] 1. Electron emission type negative ion generating unit 2. High-magnetic field chamber 3 Gas inlet 4 Cathode needle 5. Permanent magnets 6 Active oxygen outlet 7. Active oxygen generator 8 Ribbon Mixer

Claims

1. A method for producing a reduced plant mass by contacting a plant with active oxygen to destroy the plant's cell membrane and thereby reduce the plant's volume, and then fermenting the reduced plant mass to obtain a fermentation product, comprising the steps of: an electron emission type negative ion generating unit for discharging ionized gas by emitting electrons to the oxygen-containing gas flowing in from the gas inlet; The active oxygen is generated from an active oxygen generator having a flow path provided in a permanent magnet, the inlet side of which is an S pole or an N pole, and the outlet side of which is the opposite pole, and a high magnetic field chamber for allowing ionized gas flowing out from an electron emission type negative ion generating unit to flow into this flow path and for releasing the active oxygen. The ion density of the ionized gas is 1 x 10 ３ ~1 x 10 ８ A method for producing a fermentation product, characterized in that the number of cells / ml is 1.

2. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the outlet of an oxygen concentrator, which takes in air and outputs a gas containing highly concentrated oxygen, is connected to the gas inlet of the active oxygen generator.

3. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet is at least one magnet selected from the group consisting of neodymium magnets, alnico magnets, and samarium-cobalt magnets.

4. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plant is at least one species selected from the group consisting of red algae, heterokton, and green plants.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fermentation product is obtained by mixing the reduced plant matter with charcoal particles, bran and fermentation bacteria and then fermenting the mixture.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the amount of plant used is 20 to 40 parts by weight, the amount of charcoal particles used is 4 to 30 parts by weight, the amount of bran used is 30 to 70 parts by weight, and the amount of fermentation bacteria used is 1 to 20 parts by weight, relative to 100 parts by weight of the plant, charcoal particles, bran, and fermentation bacteria.

7. 7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the bran is rice bran and / or wheat bran.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the fermenting bacteria are aerobic bacteria.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the fermentation product is compost.

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