A novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules

Abstract

This application relates to a novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules. The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules includes a photovoltaic module adapted to the wall body of a building. The back surface of the photovoltaic module is installed parallel to the facade of the wall body of the building via a plurality of steel columns. A ventilation gap is formed between the photovoltaic module and the wall body of the building. In the lowest part of the ventilation gap, an intake passage for forming a reduced-diameter intake port is horizontally inserted, and in the uppermost part, an exhaust chimney as an exhaust port is vertically inserted. This application can simply modify the air passage between the photovoltaic module and the wall body of the building in a simple manner. Thereby, without the need for a mechanical fan device, the natural convection in the ventilation gap can be accelerated to a high wind speed level similar to that in the case of forced convection, and the ventilation and cooling of the BIPV module can be enhanced without increasing power consumption. Furthermore, the improved ventilation structure according to this application can be easily realized without requiring many installation operations. Also, the related fixed costs are much lower than those in the case of modifying a single solar panel.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building-integrated photovoltaics, and in particular to a novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules. [Background technology]

[0002] To achieve carbon neutrality, building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) and its application in fabricating building structural components, such as facades, as power generation devices are rapidly expanding. This technology not only fulfills architectural functions such as thermal insulation and wind protection, but also generates electricity. An example of a standard BIPV facade installation is shown in Figure 1. Photovoltaic modules 3 are installed in the cladding layer of a building's main wall 1 above ground level 4, with an insulating layer 2 between them. As can be seen from the figure, there is no ventilation gap between the installed photovoltaic modules and the main wall of the building.

[0003] As is well known, photovoltaic modules convert light energy directly into electrical energy by absorbing light. Therefore, only a part of the incident light is converted into electrical energy, and the rest is converted into thermal energy. Therefore, if a photovoltaic module heats up during operation, its power generation will immediately decrease. This characteristic of a PV module is known as the temperature coefficient T, which expresses the relative change (unit: %) of efficiency or electrical output with respect to temperature (unit: K). k For various types of PV modules, the temperature coefficient T kThe coefficient of thermal conductivity depends greatly on the type of solar cell. For example, Si-PV is -0.4% / K, CdTe is -0.28% / K, perovskite is -0.08 to -0.18% / K, OPV is -0.29 to -0.5% / K, and HJT is -0.24% / K. CIGS-based solar photovoltaic modules typically achieve a temperature coefficient of approximately -0.35% / K. For example, a 60K increase in temperature can reduce the power output of a CIGS BIPV module by 21% compared to conventional modules. Typically, BIPV modules can heat up to over 80°C from room temperature in summer, and in extreme solar modules, they can even heat up to 120°C at noon. Thus, the temperature of a solar photovoltaic module has a significant impact on its power conversion efficiency. In BIPV applications, the heat dissipation of a solar module typically depends on its specific installation structure and the heat dissipation (including both front and back) of the solar module. Therefore, if the heat generated by the solar modules cannot be dissipated sufficiently, for example, if there are no ventilation gaps between BIPV modules installed close to the insulation layer of the outer wall, high levels of heat will be generated. Therefore, cooling technology for photovoltaic modules plays an important role in maintaining the performance of the entire BIPV system.

[0004] Various methods for cooling solar modules are described in the prior art. Olawole et al. 1) 2019 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1299 012020 presents options for cooling solar modules, so active or passive cooling methods can be used.

[0005] Active cooling is a method of cooling solar modules installed inside a building by pumping a liquid or gas medium with a certain mechanical device. However, this requires constant additional power to operate the mechanical cooling device. Therefore, the power used by the fan or pump is subtracted from the power generated by the solar modules, reducing the net power generation of the solar modules.

[0006] In passive cooling, there is no additional solar panel cooling device, so heat is simply passively released to the surroundings. Research on conventional passively cooled solar photovoltaic modules has focused on two main methods: PCM (phase change material) cooling and natural convection cooling. In PCM cooling, PCM materials are used to cool solar panels by absorbing heat generated by solar power generation during the day. At night, the PCM can then release the absorbed heat to the surroundings. However, the use of PCMs is primarily in the research stage, and its reproducibility and performance consistency remain challenges. Natural convection cooling, as the name suggests, uses natural air to cool solar panels. When installed, BIPV modules have a ventilation gap 6 between the solar panels and the building's main wall, allowing natural convection cooling to occur on both the front and back of the solar panels. As shown in Figure 2, a BIPV module with a standard ventilation gap 6 is installed on the building facade. Instead of an insulation layer 2, the solar panels are secured to steel columns 5 on the facade. When airflow 7 moves toward a building at a certain speed, a portion of the airflow 7 enters the ventilation gap 6 and moves upward. Therefore, the higher the air mass flow rate or air velocity, the greater the temperature drop that can occur in the PV modules. However, various obstacles (e.g., steel columns 5) in the ventilation gap 6 reduce the air velocity in the ventilation gap 6, thereby reducing the actual performance of the convective cooling process through a standard ventilation gap. As shown in Figure 6, heat may accumulate in the central region of the installed solar module matrix. Therefore, the design of such a standard ventilation gap needs to be modified to improve the convective cooling of BIPV modules.

[0007] To improve convective cooling of ventilated BIPV modules, several methods have been employed to increase the effective heat dissipation area by using additional thin metal plate structures on the back of the photovoltaic modules. As can be seen in Figure 3, prefabricated or conventional metal plates are installed on the back of the solar panels to enhance convective cooling in the ventilation gap. However, such additional and fairly complex structures significantly increase the bill of materials (BOM) cost of individual BIPV panels. Furthermore, the installation of such panels becomes more difficult, leading to higher installation costs. Therefore, in addition to the need to modify standard ventilation gap designs to improve BIPV cooling, the fixed costs of such modifications must also be considered economically. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] This application addresses the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules, which aims to enhance ventilation cooling of BIPV modules, improve their power generation without increasing power consumption, and ensure low fixed costs for retrofitting and easy installation. The specific technical proposal is as follows: [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The present application provides a novel ventilation structure for a BIPV module, which includes a photovoltaic module fitted to a wall body of a building, the back surface of the photovoltaic module being installed parallel to the facade of the wall body of the building via a plurality of steel columns, and a ventilation gap being formed between the photovoltaic module and the wall body of the building, with an intake passage inserted horizontally at the bottom of the ventilation gap to form a reduced-diameter intake port, and an exhaust chimney being inserted vertically at the top as an exhaust port.

[0010] In a preferred technical proposal of the present application, the length L of the upper surface of the intake passage is 0.5 to 2 m, the height H of the opening of the intake passage is 0.2 to 0.8 m, the width of the ventilation gap is less than 0.08 m, and the ratio of the height of the opening of the intake passage to the width of the ventilation gap is 2.5 to 10.

[0011] In the preferred technical solution of the present application, the intake passage is designed as a parallel structure.

[0012] In a preferred technical solution of the present application, the bottom surface of the intake passage forms an angle of 20° to 70° with the ground located at the bottom of the wall body of the building.

[0013] In a preferred technical proposal of the present application, the end face of the opening of the intake passage is sealed with an intake grill, and the intake grill has a plurality of through holes arranged in an array, and the vertical cross section of the through holes is trumpet-shaped and narrows toward the inside.

[0014] In the preferred technical solution of the present application, the exhaust passage of the exhaust chimney adopts an expanded diameter exhaust port design, and the longitudinal section of the exhaust passage is trumpet-shaped, narrowing toward the inside.

[0015] In the preferred technical solution of the present application, the exhaust passage of the exhaust chimney adopts a half-expanded exhaust port design, and the longitudinal section of the exhaust passage is half trumpet-shaped, narrowing toward the inside.

[0016] In a preferred technical solution of the present application, a chimney top having a cone-shaped structure is installed via a bracket directly above the uppermost opening of the exhaust passage.

[0017] In a preferred technical solution of the present application, the height of the upper surface of the inner straight wall of the exhaust passage is greater than the height of the upper surface of the inner inclined wall thereof.

[0018] In a preferred technical solution of the present application, the photovoltaic module has a plurality of additional air intake ports formed at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction, each of which can form a reduced-diameter air intake port.

[0019] In a preferred technical solution of the present application, the distance between adjacent additional air intake ports is 5 to 8 m.

[0020] In a preferred technical solution of the present application, the length of the additional air intake is less than 0.1 m, the height of the port of the additional air intake is 0.2-0.4 m, and the ratio of the height of the port of the additional air intake to the width of the ventilation gap is 2.5-5.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, an upwardly inclined air guide sheet is provided at the bottom of the inner port of the additional air intake, and the inclination angle of the air guide sheet is 20° to 70°.

[0022] In a preferred technical solution of the present application, the photovoltaic module is any one of a silicon solar module, a copper indium gallium selenide thin film solar module, a cadmium telluride thin film solar module, an organic photovoltaic thin film solar module, a perovskite thin film solar module, a dye-sensitized solar module, and an intrinsic heterojunction thin film solar module.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] This application uses a simple method to easily modify the air passage between the photovoltaic modules and the building wall. By inserting an air intake passage to form a reduced-diameter air intake and an exhaust chimney as an exhaust outlet, natural convection within the ventilation gap can be accelerated to a high wind speed level similar to that of forced convection without the need for a mechanical fan device, thereby enhancing ventilation cooling of the BIPV module without increasing power consumption. Therefore, the high air speed along the ventilation gap significantly improves the cooling performance of the BIPV module and further increases its power generation. Furthermore, this improved ventilation structure can be easily implemented without requiring extensive installation work. Furthermore, the associated fixed costs are much lower than those for modifying a single solar panel, as the costs can be allocated across multiple modules. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0025] [Figure 1] The facade of a standard BIPV installation without ventilation gaps is shown in a) schematic view and in b) detailed view of the bottom. [Figure 2] Shows a BIPV installed on a facade with a standard ventilation gap, a) schematic and b) bottom detail. [Figure 3] 1 shows a) modular or b) conventional metal plate structure additionally installed for convective cooling of the rear of the solar module. [Figure 4] Figure 1 shows an example of a facade-mounted BIPV system that uses a narrowing intake channel at the bottom of the building wall body to improve ventilation; a) is a schematic view and b) is a detailed view of the bottom. [Figure 5] Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a facade-mounted BIPV that improves ventilation using a narrow intake passage at the bottom of the building's wall body and an exhaust chimney at the top, a) is a schematic view and b) is a detailed view of the bottom. [Figure 6] Temperature distribution diagrams of different BIPV installations based on simulations. [Figure 7] Figure 10 shows the temperature increase along the central axis of nine photovoltaic modules with increasing height for different BIPV installations based on simulations. [Figure 8] Figure 10 shows the air velocity in the ventilation gap along the central axis of nine installed photovoltaic modules with increasing height for different BIPV installations based on simulations. [Figure 9] Figure 1 shows repeated BIPV cooling of a high-rise building with additional air intakes using small intake passages on different floors, a) is a schematic diagram and b) is a detailed illustration of the circle highlighted in a). [Figure 10]Figure 1 shows two other examples of facade-mounted BIPV that use a tapered intake passage at the bottom of the building's wall body to improve ventilation: a) shows a parallel intake and b) shows a secondary tapered intake. [Figure 11] 1A-1C show two other examples of facade-mounted BIPV that use an exhaust chimney at the top of the building's main wall to improve ventilation: a) shows an expanded exhaust vent, and b) shows a half-expanded exhaust vent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0026] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in connection with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to interpret the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0027] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the novel ventilation structure for a BIPV module includes a photovoltaic module 3 fitted to a building wall 1, the back of which is installed parallel to the facade of the building wall 1 via a plurality of steel columns 5, and a ventilation gap 6 is formed between the photovoltaic module 3 and the building wall 1, and an intake passage 8 for forming a reduced-diameter intake port is inserted horizontally at the bottom of the ventilation gap 6, and an exhaust chimney 11 as an exhaust port is inserted vertically at the top.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the novel ventilation structure easily modifies the air passage between the photovoltaic modules 3 and the building wall 1 in a simple manner. By inserting the intake passage 8 for forming a reduced-diameter intake and the exhaust chimney 11 as an exhaust outlet, natural convection within the ventilation gap 6 can be accelerated to a high wind speed level similar to that of forced convection without the need for a mechanical fan, thereby enhancing ventilation cooling of the BIPV modules without increasing power consumption. Therefore, the high air speed along the ventilation gap 6 significantly improves the cooling performance of the BIPV modules and further increases their power generation. Furthermore, the improved ventilation structure can be easily implemented without requiring extensive installation work. Furthermore, the associated fixed costs are much lower than those for retrofitting a single solar panel, since the costs can be allocated across multiple modules.

[0029] By combining the intake passage 8 and the ventilation gap 6 to construct a reduced diameter intake port, the air volume flow rate can be improved, the air can be effectively prevented from flowing in all directions as it moves toward the building's cladding layer, and most of the airflow 7 that naturally enters the intake passage 8 can be deflected toward the ventilation gap 6, thereby achieving a relatively high air velocity within the ventilation gap 6.

[0030] The airflow 7 in the exhaust chimney 11 is heated by the solar thermal effect, and the warm air naturally flows upward, creating a "pulling" effect on the remaining airflow 7 in the ventilation gap 6. This allows for an increased air velocity behind the top three solar panels of the photovoltaic module 3, thus further enhancing the convective cooling performance in this area.

[0031] As shown in FIG. 4, the upper surface length L of the intake passage 8 is 0.5 to 2 m, the height H of the opening 9 of the intake passage 8 is 0.2 to 0.8 m, the width of the ventilation gap 6 is less than 0.08 m, and the ratio of the height of the opening 9 of the intake passage 8 to the width of the ventilation gap 6 is 2.5 to 10.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, in order to construct a reduced diameter air intake, the ratio of the height of the opening 9 of the air intake passage 8 to the width of the ventilation gap 6 should always be greater than 2.5, and in this application, this ratio is set to 2.5 to 10. These values ​​may be changed according to the structure of different BIPV modules, and the width of the opening 9 of the air intake passage 8 may be changed proportionally according to the width of the facade of the wall body 1 of the building.

[0033] As shown in FIG. 10, the intake passage 8 is designed as a parallel structure.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, the intake passage 8 has parallel intake ports, which simplifies the structural design and reduces the manufacturing cost.

[0035] As shown in FIG. 4, the bottom surface of the intake passage 8 forms an angle of 20° to 70° with the ground 4 located at the bottom of the wall main body 1 of the building.

[0036] By adopting the above technical solution, when natural air enters the opening 9 of the narrowing intake passage 8, the volumetric flow rate of the air increases several times according to the limited shape. By adopting the narrowing intake design, the air can be effectively prevented from flowing in all directions as it moves toward the building cladding layer, so that a larger portion of the airflow 7 is deflected toward the ventilation gap 6. Therefore, the large airflow through the small inlet can make the air velocity in the ventilation gap 6 much higher, which can further improve the cooling performance of the BIPV module.

[0037] As shown in Figure 10, the end face of the opening 9 of the intake passage 8 is sealed with an intake grill 10, and the intake grill 10 has a plurality of through holes arranged in an array, and the vertical cross section of the through holes is trumpet-shaped, narrowing toward the inside.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution, the air intake grille 10 with the trumpet-shaped through holes arranged therein can form a secondary reduced diameter air intake, thereby further controlling the direction and speed of the air flow, and thus better improving the cooling performance of the BIPV module.

[0039] As shown in FIG. 11, the exhaust passage 12 of the exhaust chimney 11 adopts an expanded diameter exhaust port design, and the longitudinal section of the exhaust passage 12 is trumpet-shaped, narrowing toward the inside.

[0040] By adopting the above technical proposal and designing the exhaust passage 12 to have an expanded diameter exhaust port, the "pulling" effect can be further enhanced and the speed of the airflow 7 can be increased, thereby improving the cooling performance of the uppermost area of ​​the photovoltaic module 3.

[0041] As shown in FIG. 11, the exhaust passage 12 of the exhaust chimney 11 adopts a half-expanded exhaust port design, and the longitudinal section of the exhaust passage 12 is half trumpet-shaped, narrowing toward the inside.

[0042] By adopting the above technical solution, the exhaust passage 12 can be designed with a half-expanded exhaust port that varies depending on the airflow 7, the above-mentioned expanded exhaust port design, or a gradually expanding exhaust port design, all of which can further enhance the "pulling" effect and increase the speed of the airflow 7, thereby improving the cooling performance of the uppermost area of ​​the photovoltaic module 3.

[0043] As shown in FIGS. 5 and 11, a chimney top 14 having a cone-shaped structure is installed via a bracket 13 directly above the uppermost opening of the exhaust passage 12 .

[0044] By adopting the above technical solution, the chimney top 14 is provided to prevent fallen leaves from blocking the ventilation gap 6, and its conical structure allows fallen leaves, rain, snow, etc. to slide off quickly.

[0045] As shown in FIG. 11, the height of the upper surface of the inner straight wall of the exhaust passage 12 is greater than the height of the upper surface of the inner inclined wall thereof.

[0046] By adopting the above technical solution, the airflow 7 in the exhaust passage 12 can be guided on one side, the speed of the airflow 7 can be further increased, and the airflow 7 can function as a support in place of the bracket 13 on one side.

[0047] As shown in FIG. 9, the photovoltaic power generation module 3 has a plurality of additional air intake ports 15 formed at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction, which can form reduced-diameter air intake ports.

[0048] By adopting the above technical solutions, as can be seen from Figures 7 and 8, the effect of convection cooling decreases as the building height increases. Therefore, the ventilation temperature of the narrowed-diameter inlets of the intake passage 8 increases, and the associated wind speed decreases. To solve this problem, additional inlets 15, which can form narrowed-diameter inlets, may be installed repeatedly between different floors. These additional inlets 15 can introduce more airflow, thereby increasing the air speed in the ventilation gap 6 and enhancing cooling of the photovoltaic modules 3 installed on the upper floors of the building. Furthermore, all of these innovative designs are not cost-intensive and do not require additional power consumption.

[0049] As shown in FIG. 9, the interval between adjacent additional air intake ports 15 is 5 to 8 m.

[0050] By adopting the above technical solution, such installations may be repeated for floors of a high-rise building, for example, one additional air intake 15 every 5-8 m.

[0051] As shown in FIG. 9, the length of the additional air intake 15 is less than 0.1 m, the height of the port 16 of the additional air intake 15 is 0.2-0.4 m, and the ratio of the height of the port 16 of the additional air intake 15 to the width of the ventilation gap 6 is 2.5-5.

[0052] By adopting the above technical solution, the above data is the typical size of the additional intake port 15, and a small, reduced diameter intake port can be formed to further increase the speed of the cooling air.

[0053] As shown in FIG. 9, an upwardly inclined wind guide sheet 17 is provided at the bottom of the inner port 16 of the additional air intake 15, and the inclination angle of the wind guide sheet 17 is 20° to 70°.

[0054] By adopting the above technical solution, a wind guide sheet 17 with an inclination angle of 20° to 70° is used to force the additional airflow upward. The communication part between the additional air intake 15 and the ventilation gap 6 is half-open, so air from the floor below can still flow upward.

[0055] As shown in FIG. 5, the photovoltaic module 3 is any one of a silicon solar module, a copper indium gallium selenide thin film solar module, a cadmium telluride thin film solar module, an organic photovoltaic thin film solar module, a perovskite thin film solar module, a dye-sensitized solar module, and an intrinsic heterojunction thin film solar module.

[0056] It should be noted that by adopting the above technical solution, all types of commercially available BIPV modules, such as various silicon solar modules, copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) thin-film solar modules, cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin-film solar modules, organic photovoltaic (OPV) thin-film solar modules, perovskite thin-film solar modules, dye-sensitized solar (DSSC) modules, and intrinsic heterojunction thin-film (HJT) solar modules, can adopt this new and improved ventilation method. Related tests:

[0057] Figure 6 shows the simulation mapping results of the temperature field of a BIPV panel with a reduced diameter air inlet. Therefore, the boundary conditions for the simulation were set as follows: ambient temperature 20°C (RT), the BIPV module was a standard black CIGS panel, 3x3 commercially available standard CIGS BIPV modules (length ~ 1.6m, width ~ 0.65m) were used as one simulation matrix unit, the ambient wind speed was 4m / s (light wind on the Beaufort wind scale 2), the ambient wind was guided into the ventilation structure, and the solar radiation was 1000W / m 2 (In most parts of the world, the amount of solar radiation at noon on a clear day is between 700 and 1300 W / m 2 ). Such boundary conditions should be representative for most BIPV applications. As shown in Figure 6, the temperature field of the 3x3 PV module matrix with reduced-diameter air inlets (Figure 4) was significantly reduced compared to the case where all nine solar panels had no ventilation gaps (Figure 1) and the case where all nine solar panels had standard ventilation gaps (see Figure 2). Only the top three panels were slightly warmer than the remaining six panels. This indicates that the reduced-diameter air inlets can help overcome the weakening effect of convective cooling through high-velocity air. However, this effect was not completely eliminated. To further improve the cooling performance of the installed BIPV module, especially its top three panels, an exhaust chimney 11 (shown in Figure 5) was added to the exhaust outlet of the ventilation gap 6.

[0058] Figure 7 shows the temperature along the central axis of the installed solar panels as the height of the building increases for all four types of BIPV module installation configurations, namely, no ventilation gap (Figure 1), standard ventilation gap (Figure 2), ventilation with reduced diameter inlet (Figure 4), and ventilation with reduced diameter inlet and exhaust chimney structure (Figure 5), providing a clearer and more quantitative picture of the temperature distribution. Note that the temperature drop at heights of approximately 2.1 m and 3.7 m is due to the installation gap between the short leading edges of the solar panels. Compared with the standard ventilation gap design, the improved ventilation scheme employing reduced diameter inlet and exhaust chimney can effectively reduce the temperature of the solar panels by 20-50 K. That is, the temperature of the CIGS solar modules (Tk =-0.35% / K), it can be seen that the power generation can be increased appropriately by 8-20%. It can be clearly seen that the solar panel with reduced diameter inlet and exhaust chimney structure has additionally strengthened the cooling of the top three solar panels (2-10K) compared to the solar panel with only reduced diameter inlet.

[0059] Figure 8 shows the wind speed distribution of solar panels installed along the central axis for three different BIPV module installation configurations: standard ventilation gap (Figure 2), ventilation with a narrowing inlet (Figure 4), and ventilation with a narrowing inlet and exhaust chimney (Figure 5), as well as increasing building height. Compared with the standard ventilation gap design, the improved ventilation scheme employing a narrowing inlet and exhaust chimney can significantly increase the air velocity behind the solar panels by 5 to 47 m / s, thereby effectively improving convective cooling performance. Furthermore, compared with solar panels with only narrowing inlets, the wind speed of the solar panels with narrowing inlets and exhaust chimney structures increases by 1 to 3 m / s for the top three panels.

[0060] As shown in Figures 7 and 8, as the height of a building increases, the effect of convective cooling decreases. Therefore, as the temperature of a BIPV module mounting structure having a reduced diameter air inlet for ventilation increases, the associated air velocity decreases. To solve this problem, a reduced diameter air inlet, i.e., an additional air inlet 15 (shown in Figure 9), may be provided in the repeat form of this application.

[0061] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0062] 1. Building wall 2. Insulation layer 3. Photovoltaic modules 4 ground 5 steel column 6 Ventilation gap 7. Airflow 8 Intake passage 9 aperture 10 Intake Grille 11 Exhaust chimney 12 Exhaust passage 13 Bracket 14 Chimney Top 15 additional intakes 16 ports 17 Air guide sheet

Claims

1. A novel ventilation structure for a BIPV module, comprising a photovoltaic module (3) fitted to a wall body (1) of a building, the rear surface of the photovoltaic module (3) being installed parallel to the facade of the wall body (1) of the building via a plurality of steel columns (5), and a ventilation gap (6) being formed between the photovoltaic module (3) and the wall body (1) of the building, The ventilation gap (6) has an intake passage (8) formed horizontally at the bottom to form a reduced-diameter intake port, and an exhaust chimney (11) formed vertically at the top as an exhaust port. the upper surface length L of the intake passage (8) is 0.5 to 2 m, the height H of the opening (9) of the intake passage (8) is 0.2 to 0.8 m, the width of the ventilation gap (6) is less than 0.08 m, and the ratio of the height of the opening (9) of the intake passage (8) to the width of the ventilation gap (6) is 2.5 to 10; The bottom surface of the intake passage (8) forms an angle of 20° to 70° with the ground (4) located at the bottom of the wall body (1) of the building. A novel ventilation structure for a BIPV module, characterized by:

2. The intake passage (8) is designed as a parallel structure.

2. A novel ventilation structure for a BIPV module according to claim 1.

3. The end face of the opening (9) of the intake passage (8) is sealed with an intake grill (10), and the intake grill (10) has a plurality of through holes arranged in an array, and the vertical cross section of the through holes is trumpet-shaped and narrows toward the inside.

2. A novel ventilation structure for a BIPV module according to claim 1.

4. The exhaust passage (12) of the exhaust chimney (11) adopts an expanded diameter exhaust port design, and the longitudinal section of the exhaust passage (12) is trumpet-shaped and narrows toward the inside.

2. A novel ventilation structure for a BIPV module according to claim 1.

5. The exhaust passage (12) of the exhaust chimney (11) adopts a half-expanded exhaust port design, and the longitudinal section of the exhaust passage (12) is half trumpet-shaped, narrowing toward the inside.

2. A novel ventilation structure for a BIPV module according to claim 1.

6. A cone-shaped chimney top (14) is installed directly above the uppermost opening of the exhaust passage (12) via a bracket (13). A novel ventilation structure for a BIPV module according to claim 4 or claim 5.

7. The height of the upper surface of the inner straight wall of the exhaust passage (12) is greater than the height of the upper surface of the inner inclined wall thereof.

6. A novel ventilation structure for a BIPV module according to claim 5.

8. The solar power generation module (3) is provided with a plurality of additional intake ports (15) at equal intervals in the height direction, which can form the reduced-diameter intake ports.

2. A novel ventilation structure for a BIPV module according to claim 1.

9. The distance between adjacent additional air intakes (15) is 5 to 8 m. The novel ventilation structure for a BIPV module according to claim 8.

10. The length of the additional air intake (15) is less than 0.1 m, the height of the port (16) of the additional air intake (15) is 0.2-0.4 m, and the ratio of the height of the port (16) of the additional air intake (15) to the width of the ventilation gap (6) is 2.5-5. The novel ventilation structure for a BIPV module according to claim 8.

11. An upwardly inclined air guide sheet (17) is provided at the bottom of the inner port (16) of the additional air intake (15), and the inclination angle of the air guide sheet (17) is 20° to 70°. The novel ventilation structure for a BIPV module according to claim 8.

12. The photovoltaic module (3) is any one of a silicon solar module, a copper indium gallium selenide thin film solar module, a cadmium telluride thin film solar module, an organic photovoltaic thin film solar module, a perovskite thin film solar module, a dye-sensitized solar module, and an intrinsic heterojunction thin film solar module.

2. A novel ventilation structure for a BIPV module according to claim 1.

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