Exterior structure and method for forming same

Abstract

An exterior structure that can improve both the heat insulation and impact resistance of a structure is provided. [Solution] An exterior structure is formed on the outer surface of a structure. The exterior structure has multiple layers including a thermal insulation layer and a reinforcing layer laminated directly or indirectly on the thermal insulation layer. The thermal insulation layer contains at least a resin having a siloxane bond and inorganic aerogel. The reinforcing layer contains at least a resin having a urea bond and hollow inorganic particles.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a cladding structure formed on the exterior surface of a structure. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, Patent Document 1 emphasizes the importance of improving the thermal insulation of buildings in order to reduce energy loss in buildings, and proposes a thermal insulation material to be placed on the inner surface of the exterior wall of a building. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] US Patent Application Publication No. 2013 / 196137 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] According to the present inventors, in an exterior structure formed on the exterior surface of a structure such as a building, rather than on the interior surface, it is desirable to improve not only the thermal insulation properties of the structure but also the impact resistance of the structure. One aspect of the present disclosure provides an exterior structure that can improve both the thermal insulation properties and the impact resistance of the structure. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] One aspect of the present disclosure is an exterior structure formed on the outer surface of a structure. The exterior structure includes multiple layers, including a thermal insulation layer and a reinforcing layer. The thermal insulation layer contains at least a resin having a siloxane bond and an inorganic aerogel. The reinforcing layer is laminated directly or indirectly on the thermal insulation layer. The reinforcing layer contains at least a resin having a urea bond and hollow inorganic particles.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the multiple layers may satisfy the following formula (1):

[0007]

number

[0008] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat insulating layer may further include a fiber substrate made of inorganic fibers. The heat insulating layer may be formed by impregnating the fiber substrate with a mixed liquid containing at least a resin having a siloxane bond and / or a silicon-nitrogen bond and an inorganic aerogel, and curing the mixed liquid.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the content of the resin having a siloxane bond in the heat insulating layer may be 12% by mass or more and 22% by mass or less. The content of the inorganic aerogel in the heat insulating layer may be 50% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less. The reinforcement layer may be a cured product of a mixed liquid obtained by mixing liquid A containing an isocyanate and liquid B containing an amine, at least one of which further contains hollow inorganic particles, in a mass ratio (A:B) of 40:60 to 60:40. The content of the isocyanate in liquid A may be 40% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less. The content of the amine in liquid B may be 15% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less.

[0010] In one aspect of the present disclosure, the exterior surface of the structure may be at least one of a roof surface and an exterior wall surface of a building.

[0011] Another aspect of the present disclosure may be a method for manufacturing the exterior structure. The manufacturing method may include obtaining a plurality of panels each including an insulating layer and a reinforcing layer, and arranging the plurality of panels on the exterior surface of a structure. The insulating layer may be formed by impregnating a fiber substrate made of inorganic fibers with a first mixed liquid and curing the mixture. The first mixed liquid may contain at least a resin having a siloxane bond and / or a silicon-nitrogen bond and an inorganic aerogel. The reinforcing layer may be formed by directly or indirectly applying a second mixed liquid obtained by mixing liquids A and B onto the insulating layer and curing the mixture. Liquid A may contain an isocyanate. Liquid B may contain an amine. At least one of liquids A and B may further contain hollow inorganic particles.

[0012] In another aspect of the present disclosure, the method may further include filling gaps between a plurality of panels arranged on an outer surface of the structure with a mixed liquid containing at least a resin having a siloxane bond and / or a silicon-nitrogen bond and an inorganic aerogel.

[0013] Yet another aspect of the present disclosure may also be a method for manufacturing the above-described exterior structure. The manufacturing method may include: applying a first mixed liquid directly or indirectly to the outer surface of a structure and curing the liquid to form a heat insulating layer; and applying a second mixed liquid, obtained by mixing liquids A and B, directly or indirectly onto the heat insulating layer and curing the liquid to form a reinforcing layer. The first mixed liquid may contain at least a resin having a siloxane bond and / or a silicon-nitrogen bond and an inorganic aerogel. Liquid A may contain an isocyanate. Liquid B may contain an amine. At least one of liquids A and B may further contain hollow inorganic particles.

[0014] In yet another aspect of the present disclosure, the second mixed liquid may be applied directly or indirectly onto the coating of the first mixed liquid applied to the outer surface of the structure while the coating of the first mixed liquid is still wet, and the coating of the first mixed liquid and the coating of the second mixed liquid may be cured together to form an insulating layer and a reinforcing layer. [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] According to the exterior structure of one aspect of the present disclosure, it is possible to improve both the thermal insulation properties and the impact resistance of the structure. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of a building to which the exterior structure of a first embodiment is applied. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. [Figure 3] 4 is a flowchart for explaining a method for forming the exterior structure of the first embodiment. [Figure 4] 4 is a flowchart for explaining the panel forming process of FIG. 3. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a building to which the exterior structure of the second embodiment is applied. [Figure 6] 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5. [Figure 7] 10 is a flowchart illustrating a method for forming an exterior structure according to a second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0018] [1. First embodiment] [1-1. Exterior structure] The exterior structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a structure formed on the outer surface of a building 100. The building 100 corresponds to an example of a structure. The building 100 has a roofing material 101 and an exterior wall material 102. The outer surface of the building 100 includes a roof surface 101a and an exterior wall surface 102a. The roof surface 101a is the outer surface of the roofing material 101. The exterior wall surface 102a is the outer surface of the exterior wall material 102. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the exterior structure 1 is formed on the roof surface 101a.

[0019] The exterior structure 1 comprises a plurality of panels 2 and a plurality of connecting straps 3. In a typical example, the plurality of panels 2 are first manufactured in a factory or the like. The manufactured plurality of panels 2 are then transported to a construction site for the building 100 and placed on the exterior surface of the building 100. In the process of placing the plurality of panels 2 on the exterior surface of the building 100, a plurality of connecting straps 3 are formed, and the exterior structure 1 is formed. The method for forming the exterior structure 1 will be described in further detail below.

[0020] <Panel> (Panel structure) Each of the plurality of panels 2 is in the form of a plate (for example, a flat plate). As shown in Fig. 2, each of the plurality of panels 2 has a multi-layer structure in which a plurality of layers are stacked. The plurality of layers includes at least a heat insulating layer 21 and a reinforcing layer 22.

[0021] The reinforcing layer 22 is laminated directly or indirectly on the insulating layer 21. Laminated on the insulating layer 21 means that when the multiple panels 2 are arranged on the outer surface of the building 100, the reinforcing layer 22 is arranged one layer outside the insulating layer 21 of the building 100, that is, on the opposite side of the insulating layer 21 from the outer surface of the building 100.

[0022] 2, the reinforcing layer 22 is in contact with the insulating layer 21 without any other layer between them. The reinforcing layer 22 is indirectly laminated on the insulating layer 21 without any other layer between them.

[0023] When the multiple layers include a layer other than the insulating layer 21 and the reinforcing layer 22, the position of the layer may be, for example, below the insulating layer 21 (i.e., closer to the building 100 than the insulating layer 21), between the insulating layer 21 and the reinforcing layer 22, or above the reinforcing layer 22 (i.e., farther from the building 100 than the reinforcing layer 22). For example, the layer stacked on top of the reinforcing layer 22 includes a coating layer that coats the reinforcing layer 22 from above.

[0024] The total thickness t of the layers included in one panel 2 total The thickness t of the heat insulating layer 21 is, for example, 4 mm or more and 10 mm or less. c The thickness t of the reinforcing layer 22 is, for example, 3 mm or more and 5 mm or less. s For example, the total thickness t of the layers is 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less. When the layers are composed of only the heat insulating layer 21 and the reinforcing layer 22, the total thickness t of the layers is total is the thickness t of the heat insulating layer 21 c and the thickness t of the reinforcing layer 22 s The sum of (t c +t s ) The thickness t of each of the heat insulating layer 21 and the reinforcing layer 22 is c ,t s , and the total thickness t of the layers total can be measured using a micrometer.

[0025] (Ingredients contained in the heat insulating layer) The heat insulating layer 21 contains inorganic aerogel. The inorganic aerogel is a porous material in which a plurality of inorganic fine particles are linked to form a skeleton. The inorganic aerogel contributes to heat insulation.

[0026] Specific examples of inorganic particles constituting the inorganic aerogel include silica particles, alumina particles, zirconia particles, and titanium particles. From the viewpoint of excellent chemical stability, silica aerogel, in which a skeleton is formed by a plurality of silica particles linked together, is preferably used. Silica aerogel is white and reflects or scatters infrared light. When silica aerogel is used in the heat insulating layer 21, the heat insulating properties of the heat insulating layer 21 can be further improved.

[0027] The content of inorganic aerogel in the heat insulating layer 21 is, for example, 50% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less. When the heat insulating layer 21 contains a fiber base material as described below, the content of inorganic aerogel in the heat insulating layer 21 is, for example, 65% by mass or more and 78% by mass or less, and preferably 69% by mass or more and 75% by mass or less.

[0028] The heat insulating layer 21 further contains a resin having a siloxane bond. In the heat insulating layer 21, the resin having a siloxane bond functions as a binder. Specific examples of the resin having a siloxane bond include polysiloxane having a siloxane bond in the main chain and a siloxane-modified polymer having a siloxane bond in the side chain. The heat insulating layer 21 of this embodiment contains polysiloxane. The content of the resin having a siloxane bond in the heat insulating layer 21 is, for example, 12% by mass or less and 22% by mass or less.

[0029] The heat insulating layer 21 may further contain, for example, hollow inorganic particles. Hollow inorganic particles are inorganic particles with a space formed inside. Hollow inorganic particles contribute to heat insulation and weight reduction. Hollow inorganic particles are also called hollow inorganic balloons. Specific examples of hollow inorganic particles include hollow glass particles (hollow glass balloons), hollow silica particles (hollow SiO2 balloons), and hollow ceramic particles (hollow ceramic balloons). The content of the hollow inorganic particles in the heat insulating layer 21 is, for example, 1% by mass or more and 7% by mass or less. When the heat insulating layer 21 contains a fiber base material as in this embodiment, the content of the hollow inorganic particles in the heat insulating layer 21 is, for example, 1% by mass or more and 4% by mass or less.

[0030] The heat insulating layer 21 may further contain metal flakes such as aluminum flakes or metal oxides such as zinc oxide or titanium oxide. Metal flakes and metal oxides reflect or scatter infrared and ultraviolet light, thereby contributing to heat insulation.

[0031] The heat insulating layer 21 may further contain, for example, organic or inorganic fibers. In this case, the average fiber length of the organic or inorganic fibers is, for example, 0.5 mm or more and 6 mm or less. A specific example of the organic fiber is aramid fiber. A specific example of the inorganic fiber is glass fiber. The organic or inorganic fiber contributes to impact resistance.

[0032] The heat insulating layer 21 may further contain other ingredients such as, for example, an antifoaming agent, a leveling agent, and the like.

[0033] The heat insulating layer 21 of this embodiment further contains a fiber substrate made of inorganic fibers. The fiber substrate made of inorganic fibers is a woven or nonwoven fabric of inorganic fibers. As the nonwoven fabric, for example, a mat-like material formed by collecting and forming inorganic fibers can be used. Specific examples of inorganic fibers include glass fibers (so-called glass fiber), aluminosilicate fibers, silica fibers, and alumina fibers. Glass fibers are preferably used from the viewpoint of a good balance between heat resistance and cost.

[0034] When the insulating layer 21 contains a fiber substrate as in this embodiment, the insulating layer 21 is formed by impregnating a fiber substrate with a mixed liquid containing at least a resin having a siloxane bond and / or a silicon-nitrogen bond and an inorganic aerogel, and then curing the mixed liquid. The resin having a silicon-nitrogen bond reacts with, for example, moisture in the air during the curing process, forming a silicon-oxygen bond (i.e., a siloxane bond). Therefore, for example, even if the mixed liquid contains a resin having a silicon-nitrogen bond instead of a resin having a siloxane bond, the insulating layer 21 will contain a resin having a siloxane bond.

[0035] The fact that the insulating layer 21 is formed by impregnating the fiber substrate with the mixed liquid and curing it means that the insulating layer 21 has a structure in which a resin having a siloxane bond, an inorganic aerogel, or the like enters the voids in the fiber substrate and is held by the fiber substrate. In other words, when the insulating layer 21 contains a fiber substrate, it is possible to easily hold the inorganic aerogel in the insulating layer 21. In addition, it is possible to increase the uniformity of the inorganic aerogel in the insulating layer 21. Therefore, it is possible to improve the thermal insulation properties of the insulating layer 21.

[0036] (Ingredients contained in the reinforced layer) The reinforcing layer 22 contains a resin having a urea bond. The resin having a urea bond is a resin produced by a chemical reaction between an isocyanate and an amine. As will be described later, the reinforcing layer 22 is formed by mixing an A liquid containing an isocyanate and a B liquid containing an amine, and applying the mixture directly or indirectly onto the heat insulating layer 21. During the process of curing the coating film made from the mixture of A liquid and B liquid, a resin having a urea bond is produced.

[0037] The content of the resin having a urea bond in the reinforcing layer 22 is difficult to calculate without considering the isocyanate content in the A-liquid, the amine content in the B-liquid, the types and contents of other components contained in the A-liquid or B-liquid, the mixing ratio of the A-liquid and the B-liquid, and the application and curing conditions for the A-liquid and B-liquid mixture. Furthermore, even when all of these factors are taken into consideration, accurate calculation is difficult, making the calculation itself impractical. For this reason, the content of the resin having a urea bond in the reinforcing layer 22 may be expressed indirectly by the isocyanate content in the A-liquid, the amine content in the B-liquid, and the mixing ratio of the A-liquid and the B-liquid. For example, when the A-liquid contains 40% to 60% by mass of isocyanate and the B-liquid contains 15% to 30% by mass of amine, the A-liquid and the B-liquid are mixed at a mass ratio (A:B) of 40:60 to 60:40. The resin having a urea bond contributes to impact resistance, and further contributes to waterproofing and corrosion resistance.

[0038] The reinforcing layer 22 further contains hollow inorganic particles. The hollow inorganic particles are as described in detail in the section "Components contained in the thermal insulation layer." For example, when hollow inorganic particles are contained in the thermal insulation layer 21, the hollow inorganic particles contained in the reinforcing layer 22 may be the same as or different from those in the thermal insulation layer 21. The content of the hollow inorganic particles in the reinforcing layer 22 is, for example, 1% by weight or more and 7% by weight or less.

[0039] The reinforcing layer 22 may further contain, for example, organic or inorganic fibers. The organic or inorganic fibers are as described in detail in the section "Components Contained in the Thermal Insulation Layer." The average fiber length of the organic or inorganic fibers that may be contained in the reinforcing layer 22 is, for example, 0.5 mm or more and 6 mm or less, similar to that of the organic or inorganic fibers that may be contained in the thermal insulation layer 21. For example, when both the thermal insulation layer 21 and the reinforcing layer 22 contain organic or inorganic fibers, the organic or inorganic fibers contained in the thermal insulation layer 21 and the organic or inorganic fibers contained in the reinforcing layer 22 may be the same or different. For example, when the reinforcing layer 22 is formed by mixing liquid A and liquid B and then applying the mixture with a roller, it is preferable that at least one of liquid A and liquid B contains organic or inorganic fibers.

[0040] The reinforcing layer 22 may further contain, for example, metal flakes or metal oxides. For example, when both the insulating layer 21 and the reinforcing layer 22 contain metal flakes and / or metal oxides, the metal flakes and / or metal oxides contained in the insulating layer 21 and the metal flakes and / or metal oxides contained in the reinforcing layer 22 may be the same or different from each other.

[0041] The toughening layer 22 may further contain other ingredients such as, for example, a curing agent, an antifoaming agent, a leveling agent, and the like.

[0042] (Physical properties of multiple layers) The physical properties of the layers that make up the panel 2, that is, the layers that include at least the heat insulating layer 21 and the reinforcing layer 22, will be described below.

[0043] (i) Thermal conductivity λ of multiple layers total is, for example, 0.035 W / (m·K) or less, and preferably 0.030 W / (m·K) or less. c The thermal conductivity is, for example, 0.035 W / (m·K) or less, and preferably 0.030 W / (m·K) or less. In this specification, the thermal conductivity refers to the thermal conductivity measured in accordance with JIS A 1412-2.

[0044] (ii) the tensile strength σ of multiple layers total is, for example, 22 MPa or more, preferably 23 MPa or more, and more preferably 25 MPa or more. s The tensile strength is, for example, 22 MPa or more, preferably 23 MPa or more, and more preferably 25 MPa or more. In this specification, the tensile strength refers to the tensile strength measured in accordance with JIS K 7161.

[0045] (iii) The porosity of the heat insulating layer 21 is, for example, 60% or more and 75% or less. The porosity of the heat insulating layer 21 is the percentage of the volume of voids relative to the volume of the heat insulating layer 21.

[0046] (iv) Thermal conductivity λ of multiple layers total [W / (m K)] and total thickness t total [mm] product (λ total ×t total ) and the tensile strength σ of the reinforcing layer 22 s [MPa] and the ratio of

number

number

number

[0047] (v) The multiple layers can withstand an input energy of at least 8 J, preferably at least 9.5 J, after a DuPont impact test in accordance with JIS K 5600-5-3. Withstanding an input energy of at least 8 J means that no cracks are visually observed in the multiple layers after an energy of at least 8 J is input to the multiple layers from a weight. As a result of extensive research by the present inventors, it has been found that if an input of at least 8 J can be withstood, impact resistance particularly suitable for practical use can be achieved.

[0048] (vi) The solar reflectance of the multiple layers is, for example, 80% or more, and preferably 85% or more. In this specification, the solar reflectance refers to the solar reflectance over the entire wavelength range (300 to 2500 nm) in reflectance measurement performed in accordance with JIS K 5602 under conditions of a D65 light source and an incident angle of 15° or less.

[0049] (vii) The water permeability of the layers is, for example, 0.25 g / (m 2 In this specification, the water permeability refers to the water permeability measured in accordance with JIS A 6909, Water Permeability Test Method B.

[0050] <Connecting belt> As shown in FIG. 1, the connecting strip 3 connects adjacent panels 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the connecting strip 3 contains a cured product 31 of a gap filling mixture. When the gap filling mixture has low fluidity, it is also called putty. The gap filling mixture contains at least a resin having a polysiloxane bond and an inorganic aerogel. The resin having a polysiloxane bond and the inorganic aerogel contained in the connecting strip 3 may be the same as or different from those contained in the insulating layer 21, for example.

[0051] The connecting strip 3 may further include, for example, a mesh 32. The mesh 32 is a sheet material made of organic or inorganic fibers woven into a mesh shape. When the gap between adjacent panels 2 is filled with the gap-filling mixture, the mesh 32 is embedded therein, thereby improving the impact resistance of the finally obtained connecting strip 3.

[0052] <Certification of the authenticity of the exterior structure> For example, the panel 2 may further contain a fluorescent tagging material such as an upconversion phosphor or a rare earth multi-wave luminescent pigment. In this case, the content of the fluorescent tagging material may be 0.001% by mass or more. The presence of the fluorescent tagging material can be determined by optical means, such as by irradiating it with near-infrared light and detecting fluorescence. Therefore, the inclusion of the fluorescent tagging material makes it easier to prove the authenticity of the exterior structure 1.

[0053] Also, for example, from the viewpoint of authenticity proof, the surface of the panel 2 may be provided with random minute irregularities (physically unclonable functions).

[0054] [1-2. Method of forming exterior structure] An example of a method for forming the exterior structure 1 will be described with reference to Figures 3 and 4. The example shown in Figures 3 and 4 is a method for forming the exterior structure 1 when no other layer is formed between the insulating layer 21 and the reinforcing layer 22. As shown in Figure 3, the method for forming the exterior structure 1 includes a panel forming step S110, a panel arranging step S120, and a gap filling step S130.

[0055] <Panel formation process> The panel forming process S110 is a process for forming the panel 2. As shown in Fig. 4, the panel forming process S110 includes a first preparation process S111, a pretreatment process S112, an impregnation process S113, a provisional curing process S114, a first curing process S115, a second preparation process S116, an application process S117, and a second curing process S118.

[0056] In the first preparation step S111, all of the components contained in the insulating layer 21 except for the fiber substrate are mixed to prepare a first mixture. A mixer (disper) is used, for example, to mix these components. The first mixture obtained in the first preparation step S111 contains at least a resin having a siloxane bond and / or a silicon-nitrogen bond and an inorganic aerogel. As described above, the resin having a silicon-nitrogen bond reacts with, for example, moisture in the air to form a silicon-oxygen bond (i.e., a siloxane bond). Therefore, even if the first mixture contains a resin having a silicon-nitrogen bond instead of a resin having a siloxane bond, the insulating layer 21 finally obtained through the panel formation step S110 will contain a resin having a siloxane bond.

[0057] In the pretreatment step S112, the fiber substrate is dried. The dried fiber substrate is dried to a thickness t c Thickness greater than (e.g., t c The fiber substrate is then cut into pieces (+5 mm). The cut fiber substrate is then subjected to plasma treatment, which activates the silane groups contained in the fiber substrate.

[0058] 4 shows an example in which the pre-processing step S112 is performed subsequent to the first preparation step S111, but the order of these steps S111 and S112 is not particularly limited. For example, the pre-processing step S112 may be performed in parallel with the first preparation step S111.

[0059] After the first preparation step S111 and the pretreatment step S112 are completed, the impregnation step S113 is performed. In the impregnation step S113, the first liquid mixture prepared in the first preparation step S111 is applied to the fiber substrate that has been subjected to the pretreatment step S112. For example, the first liquid mixture is applied to both sides of the fiber substrate by a roll coater method. This allows the first liquid mixture to be impregnated into the fiber substrate. The fiber substrate impregnated with the first liquid mixture is also referred to as the impregnated substrate hereinafter.

[0060] In the subsequent temporary curing step S114, the impregnated substrate is compressed in the thickness direction by a press. Then, the impregnated substrate is heated to a predetermined temperature and cooled to room temperature. After cooling, the thickness of the coated substrate is determined to be the thickness t of the heat insulating layer 21 that is finally desired to be formed. c By the provisional curing step S114, the first mixed liquid contained in the impregnated base material is mostly dried and is in the process of curing.

[0061] The impregnated base material is held at room temperature for a predetermined time after the provisional curing step S114. Thereafter, the first curing step S115 is performed. Specifically, in the first curing step S115, the impregnated base material is heated to a temperature higher than that in the provisional curing step S114 and then cooled to room temperature. This completely cures the first liquid mixture contained in the impregnated base material. In other words, the fiber base material and the cured product of the first liquid mixture that has been impregnated into and cured therein form the heat insulating layer 21.

[0062] In the second preparation step S116, first, liquid A and liquid B are prepared. Liquid A is prepared by mixing at least the components contained in the reinforcing layer 22 that contain isocyanate. No amine is added to liquid A. Liquid B is prepared by mixing the remaining components contained in the reinforcing layer 22 that are not mixed into liquid A. At least amine is added to liquid B, but no isocyanate is added. Hollow inorganic particles are further added to at least one of liquid A and liquid B.

[0063] The prepared liquid A and liquid B are mixed at a predetermined mixing ratio to prepare a second mixed liquid. The mixing ratio of liquid A to liquid B is, for example, 40:60 to 60:40 by mass (A:B). For example, a stirrer is used in the second preparation step S116. Note that the entire second preparation step S116 may be performed after the first curing step S115 as shown in FIG. 4, or a part of the second preparation step S116 (specifically, the preparation of liquid A and liquid B) may be performed before each of the steps from the first preparation step S111 to the first curing step S115, or in parallel with any of these steps S111 to S115.

[0064] In the subsequent application step S117, the second mixture prepared in the second preparation step S116 is applied onto the heat insulating layer 21 obtained in the first curing step S115. The second mixture may be applied, for example, by spraying or by using a roller. The thickness of the coating of the second mixture is determined based on the thickness t of the reinforcing layer 22 that is ultimately desired to be formed. s and the thickness variation due to the subsequent second curing step S118.

[0065] In the subsequent second curing step S118, the coating of the second mixed liquid formed in the application step S117 is dried and cured. A drying tool such as a heater may or may not be used to dry the coating of the second mixed liquid. If no drying tool is used, the second curing step S118 can be considered a step in which the heat insulating layer 21 to which the second mixed liquid has been applied is left alone until the coating of the second mixed liquid has cured. The cured coating of the second mixed liquid becomes the reinforcing layer 22.

[0066] When the second curing step S118 is completed, a laminate in which the heat insulating layer 21 and the reinforcing layer 22 are laminated, that is, the panel 2, is obtained.

[0067] <Panel placement process> Returning to Fig. 3, the panel formation step S110 is followed by a panel arrangement step S120. In the panel arrangement step S120, the panel 2 obtained in the panel formation step S110 is arranged on the outer surface of the building 100 as shown in Fig. 1. The panel 2 is arranged on the outer surface of the building 100 with the insulating layer 21 facing the building 100 and the reinforcing layer 22 facing away from the building 100.

[0068] In many cases, one panel 2 is smaller than the desired area of ​​the exterior surface of the building 100 where the panels 2 are to be arranged. For this reason, in many cases, multiple panels 2 are arranged on the exterior surface of the building 100.

[0069] <Gap filling process> The gap filling step S130 shown in FIG. 3 is a step performed when multiple panels 2 are arranged in the panel arrangement step S120. In the gap filling step S130, first, multiple components including at least a resin having a siloxane bond and / or a silicon-nitrogen bond and an inorganic aerogel are mixed to prepare a gap filling mixture. Then, the prepared gap filling mixture is applied to the gaps between the multiple panels 2. In other words, the gaps between the multiple panels 2 are filled with the gap filling mixture. At this time, a mesh 32 may also be arranged in the gaps between the multiple panels 2, as shown in FIG. 2.

[0070] The applied gap mixture is dried and hardened to form a hardened material 31. The hardened material 31 (and the mesh 32, if any) becomes the connecting strip 3.

[0071] In this manner, the exterior structure 1 is formed.

[0072] [2. Second Embodiment] The second embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, so the differences will be explained below.

[0073] [2-1. Exterior structure] Similar to the exterior structure 1 of the first embodiment, the exterior structure 1A of the second embodiment shown in Figures 5 and 6 is a structure formed on the outer surface of a building 100. The exterior structure 1A includes a thermal insulating layer 21A and a reinforcing layer 22. The thermal insulating layer 21A has a configuration generally similar to that of the thermal insulating layer 21 of the first embodiment. However, the thermal insulating layer 21A does not contain a fiber base material. The reinforcing layer 22 is as described in detail in the first embodiment.

[0074] In a typical example, after the building 100 is constructed on-site, the insulating layer 21A and the reinforcing layer 22 are formed on its outer surface to form the exterior structure 1A. In this embodiment as well, the exterior structure 1A exhibits the physical properties (i) to (vii) above.

[0075] [2-2. Method of forming exterior structure] An example of a method for forming the exterior structure 1A will be described with reference to Fig. 7. The example shown in Fig. 7 is a method for forming an exterior structure 1A when no other layer is formed between the insulating layer 21A and the reinforcing layer 22. The method for forming the exterior structure 1A includes a base cleaning step S210, a first preparation step S220, a first application step S230, a second preparation step S240, a second application step S250, and a curing step S260.

[0076] In the base cleaning step S210, the outer surface of the building 100 on which the exterior structure 1A is to be formed is cleaned. The cleaning method is not particularly limited, but as an example, the outer surface of the building 100 is degreased using a degreaser such as isopropyl alcohol. When a liquid such as a degreaser is used in the base cleaning step S210, it is desirable that the subsequent first application step S230 be performed after the outer surface of the building 100 has completely dried. Furthermore, in the base cleaning step S210, following the cleaning of the outer surface of the building 100, for example, sanding of the outer surface of the building 100 may be performed. For example, the outer surface of the building 100 may be sanded so that the surface roughness Ra is approximately 1.6 μm.

[0077] The first preparation step S220 is generally similar to the first preparation step S111 of the first embodiment. However, in the second embodiment, since the heat insulating layer 21A does not contain a fiber base material, in the first preparation step S220, all components contained in the heat insulating layer 21A are mixed to prepare a first mixed liquid.

[0078] 7 shows an example in which the first preparation step S220 is performed following the base cleaning step S210, but the order of these steps S210 and S220 is not particularly limited. For example, the first preparation step S220 may be performed in parallel with the base cleaning step S210.

[0079] After the base cleaning step S210 and the first preparation step S220 are completed, the first application step S230 is carried out. In the first application step S230, the first mixed liquid prepared in the first preparation step S220 is applied to the outer surface of the building 100 that has been cleaned in the base cleaning step S210. The first mixed liquid is applied, for example, by a roller. As a result, a coating film of the first mixed liquid is formed on the outer surface of the building 100. The thickness of the coating film of the first mixed liquid is determined based on the thickness t of the heat insulating layer 21A that is ultimately desired to be formed. c This is determined taking into consideration the thickness variation due to the subsequent curing step S260. The thickness of the coating film immediately after application of the first mixed liquid, that is, the thickness of the coating film when the first mixed liquid is wet, can be measured using a wet film thickness gauge. The same applies to the coating film of the second mixed liquid described below.

[0080] The second preparation step S240 is similar to the second preparation step S116 of the first embodiment. For example, the entire second preparation step S240 may be performed after the first application step S230 as shown in Fig. 7, or part of the second preparation step S240 (specifically, preparation of liquid A and liquid B) may be performed before the first preparation step S220 and the first application step S230, or in parallel with either of these steps S220 and S230.

[0081] After the second preparation step S240 is completed, the second application step S250 is carried out. Specifically, in the second application step S250, the second mixed liquid prepared in the second preparation step S240 is applied onto the coating of the first mixed liquid formed in the first application step S230. The second mixed liquid may be applied, for example, by spraying or by roller. As a result, a coating of the second mixed liquid is formed on the coating of the first mixed liquid. The thickness of the coating of the second mixed liquid is determined based on the thickness t of the reinforcement layer 22 that is ultimately desired to be formed. s and the thickness variation due to the subsequent curing step S260.

[0082] The second application step S250 is preferably performed while the coating film of the first mixed liquid formed in the first application step S230 is still wet (i.e., before the coating film of the first mixed liquid has finished drying). Applying the second mixed liquid while the coating film of the first mixed liquid is still wet is also referred to as performing the first application step S230 and the second application step S250 in a single pass. In this case, the adhesion between the coating film of the first mixed liquid formed in the first application step S230 and the coating film of the second mixed liquid formed in the second application step S250 can be improved.

[0083] In the subsequent curing step S260, the laminated coating film of the first mixed liquid and the coating film of the second mixed liquid are dried and cured. Because the method for forming the exterior structure 1A of the second embodiment is often employed at the construction site of the building 100, a heating device such as a heater is often not used in the curing step S260. In this case, the curing step S260 can be said to be a step in which the coating film of the first mixed liquid and the coating film of the second mixed liquid are left until they dry and harden. The hardened coating film of the first mixed liquid becomes the insulating layer 21A. The hardened coating film of the second mixed liquid becomes the reinforcing layer 22.

[0084] In this way, the exterior structure 1A is formed.

[0085] [3.Effects] According to the first and second embodiments described above in detail, at least the following effects can be obtained.

[0086] In the exterior structure 1, 1A, as described above in (i), the thermal conductivity λ of the heat insulating layer 21, 21A c can be set to, for example, 0.035 W / (m·K) or less, and the thermal conductivity λ of the entire plurality of layers including the heat insulating layers 21 and 21A can be set to total can be set to, for example, 0.035 W / (m·K) or less. Therefore, the exterior structures 1, 1A can improve the thermal insulation of the building 100.

[0087] Furthermore, in the exterior structure 1, 1A, as described above in (ii), the tensile strength σ scan be set to, for example, 22 MPa or more, and the tensile strength σ total can be set to, for example, 22 MPa or more. Furthermore, for example, the exterior structures 1, 1A can withstand an input energy of at least 8 J after a DuPont impact test, as described in (v) above. Therefore, the exterior structures 1, 1A can also improve the impact resistance of the building 100.

[0088] [4. Other application examples] In the above first and second embodiments, examples in which the exterior structures 1, 1A are applied to the building 100 have been described in detail. However, the exterior structures 1, 1A may be applied to structures other than the building 100. Specific examples of structures other than the building 100 include piping, tanks, refrigeration or freezing equipment, and the like. [Example]

[0089] Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to an example, but the present disclosure is not limited to the following example.

[0090] <Creating a sample> Example 1: Panel The sample of Example 1 was produced in accordance with the procedure of the panel formation step S110 described in the section "1-2. Method for forming exterior structure." Specifically, it was produced as follows in a test room with a temperature of 23±2°C and a humidity of 50±10%.

[0091] First, the components listed in Table 1 were added to a disperser in the mass ratio listed in Table 1 and mixed at 600 rpm for 5 minutes to prepare a first mixed liquid. The first mixed liquid was then degassed by holding it under vacuum (-0.08 MPa) for 3 minutes. The kinematic viscosity of the resulting first mixed liquid at 25°C was confirmed to be in the range of 2.5 Pa·s to 3.0 Pa·s. The density of the first mixed liquid was 295±15 kg / m 3 The porosity was calculated to be 71%.

[0092] [Table 1]

[0093] Next, 430 g / m 3 The glass cloth was dried at 110°C for 2 hours. After drying, the glass cloth was cut to a thickness of 4.5 mm, and the edges were fixed using an automatic heat cutter. The fixed glass cloth was then subjected to O2 plasma treatment at 100 W for 30 seconds.

[0094] The plasma-treated glass cloth was impregnated with the first mixed liquid by a roll coater. The roll gap was set to 0.7 mm. The target coating amount of the first mixed liquid was 650 g / m. 2 The temperature was set at 50°C, and the glass cloth was impregnated from both sides with the first mixed liquid. The glass cloth impregnated with the first mixed liquid will be referred to as the impregnated glass cloth hereinafter. The impregnated glass cloth was irradiated with infrared light using an infrared heater at 50°C for 30 seconds, and the surface of the glass cloth was leveled.

[0095] After leveling, silica aerogel granules (D 50 Approximately 40 μm) at 120 g / m 2 The impregnated glass cloth was then compressed in the thickness direction with a light pressure roller at 0.15 MPa, so that the dispersed silica aerogel granules were partially embedded in the impregnated glass cloth.

[0096] Using a multi-stage roll press, the impregnated glass cloth was compressed in the thickness direction under conditions of 0.2 MPa → 0.4 MPa. The line speed was 3 m / min. Next, the impregnated glass cloth was heated at 60 °C for 20 minutes using a hot air oven. As a result, the first mixed liquid contained in the impregnated glass cloth was in a state of mostly curing. After heating in the hot air oven, the impregnated glass cloth was cooled to 25 °C, and its thickness was calibrated to 4.0 ± 0.1 mm. The glass cloth was then left to stand at 25 °C for 12 hours.

[0097] After standing for 12 hours, the impregnated glass cloth was heated at 60°C for 4 hours, then heated to 90°C and heated for another hour. After cooling to 25°C, it was confirmed that the impregnated glass cloth was completely cured. This resulted in an insulating layer. The thickness of the insulating layer was 4 mm. The porosity of the insulating layer was calculated to be 69%.

[0098] Next, the components listed in the "Liquid A" row of Table 2 were mixed in the mass ratios listed in Table 2 to prepare Liquid A. The components listed in the "Liquid B" row of Table 2 were mixed in the mass ratios listed in Table 2 to prepare Liquid B. A disper was used to prepare both Liquid A and Liquid B. The mixing conditions using the disper were 600 rpm and 5 minutes. The obtained Liquid A and Liquid B were each held under vacuum (-0.08 MPa) for 3 minutes to degas them.

[0099] [Table 2]

[0100] Liquid A and liquid B were added to a disperser in a mass ratio of 60:40 (A:B) and mixed at 600 rpm for 5 minutes to prepare a second mixed liquid. The resulting second mixed liquid was homogenized by biaxial stirring at 500 rpm for 10 seconds, and then left to stand for 10 seconds to reduce air bubbles. The gel time of the second mixed liquid at 25°C was 60 seconds. The gel time is the time from mixing until the disappearance of stringiness.

[0101] The second mixed liquid was applied onto the previously formed heat insulating layer using a urethane roller. The urethane roller had a bristle length of approximately 13 mm and a width of approximately 6 inches (approximately 150 mm). The second mixed liquid was left to stand for 24 hours or more until it completely hardened, and it was confirmed that a reinforcing layer had been formed from the coating of the second mixed liquid. The thickness of the reinforcing layer was 2 mm. In other words, the total thickness of the multilayer structure in which the heat insulating layer and the reinforcing layer were laminated was 6 mm.

[0102] A portion of the multilayer structure was cut in the thickness direction to prepare a sample for evaluating the multilayer. A portion of the multilayer structure was cut in the thickness direction and then sliced ​​in the in-plane direction with a slicer to separate only the reinforcing layer with a thickness of 2 mm, which was used as a sample for evaluating the reinforcing layer alone.

[0103] (Example 2: Spray application) A sample of Example 2 was prepared according to the procedure described in the section "2-2. Method of forming exterior structure." Specifically, it was prepared as follows in a test room with the same temperature and humidity as Example 1.

[0104] The components listed in Table 3 were added to a disperser in the mass ratios listed in Table 3 and mixed at 600 rpm for 5 minutes to prepare a first mixed solution. The first mixed solution was then held under vacuum (-0.08 MPa) for 3 minutes to degas it. The kinematic viscosity of the resulting first mixed solution at 25°C was confirmed to be in the range of 44 Pa·s to 55 Pa·s. The weather resistance agent listed in Table 3 etc. is a mixture of an ultraviolet absorber (UVA), a light stabilizer (HALS), and, if necessary, an antioxidant (AO) in a specified ratio.

[0105] [Table 3]

[0106] Next, the components listed in the "Liquid A" row of Table 4 were mixed in the mass ratios listed in Table 4 to prepare Liquid A. The components listed in the "Liquid B" row of Table 4 were mixed in the mass ratios listed in Table 4 to prepare Liquid B. A Disper mixer was used to prepare both Liquid A and Liquid B. The mixing conditions using the Disper mixer were 600 rpm and 5 minutes. The obtained Liquid A and Liquid B were each held under vacuum (-0.08 MPa) for 3 minutes to degas them.

[0107] [Table 4]

[0108] Liquid A and liquid B were added to a disperser in a mass ratio of 50:50 (A:B) and mixed at 600 rpm for 5 minutes to prepare a second mixture. The resulting second mixture was homogenized by biaxial stirring at 500 rpm for 10 seconds, and then left to stand for 10 seconds to reduce air bubbles. The gel time of the second mixture was 2 seconds.

[0109] The first mixed liquid was applied to a flat sample surface using a urethane roller. The urethane roller used had the same bristle length and width as when the second mixed liquid was applied in Example 1. While the coating of the first mixed liquid was still wet, the second mixed liquid was sprayed onto the coating of the first mixed liquid. The coating of the first mixed liquid and the coating of the second mixed liquid were left to stand for 24 hours until they were completely hardened. As a result, an insulating layer was formed from the coating of the first mixed liquid, and a reinforcing layer was formed from the coating of the second mixed liquid. An insulating layer was formed. The thickness of the insulating layer was 4 mm, the same as in Example 1. The thickness of the reinforcing layer was 2 mm, the same as in Example 1. In other words, the total thickness of the multilayer structure in which the insulating layer and the reinforcing layer were laminated was 6 mm, the same as in Example 1.

[0110] The multilayer structure was peeled off from the sample forming surface, and a portion of the structure was cut out in the thickness direction to be used as a sample for evaluating the multilayer. Note that any edge that was chipped during peeling from the sample forming surface was trimmed from the multilayer structure and not used as a sample.

[0111] (Example 3: Roller application) The first mixed liquid was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, in a test room with the same temperature and humidity as in Example 1. A coating of the first mixed liquid was formed on the sample formation surface. The second mixed liquid was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the second mixed liquid was applied to the first mixed liquid coating while the first mixed liquid coating was still wet. In other words, in Example 3, both the first mixed liquid and the second mixed liquid were applied with a roller. The coatings of the first mixed liquid and the second mixed liquid were left to stand for 24 hours until they were fully hardened. As a result, an insulating layer was formed from the coating of the first mixed liquid, and a reinforcing layer was formed from the coating of the second mixed liquid. The thickness of the insulating layer was 4 mm, the same as in Example 1. The thickness of the reinforcing layer was 2 mm, the same as in Example 1. In other words, the total thickness of the multilayer structure in which the insulating layer and the reinforcing layer were laminated was 6 mm, the same as in Example 1. A multilayer evaluation sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2.

[0112] (Example 4: Connecting Belt) The components listed in Table 5 were added to a disperser in the mass ratios listed in Table 5 and mixed at 600 rpm for 5 minutes to prepare a gap mixture. The gap mixture was then held under vacuum (-0.08 MPa) for 3 minutes to degas. The gap mixture is, for example, the mixture used in the gap filling step S130 described in the section "2-2. Method for forming exterior structure." The kinematic viscosity of the resulting gap mixture at 25°C was 15 Pa·s.

[0113] [Table 5]

[0114] The prepared gap filling mixture was applied to the flat sample forming surface with a spatula. The width of the spatula was approximately 50 mm. A glass fiber (E-glass) mesh with an approximately 5 mm mesh size was embedded in the middle of applying the gap filling mixture to the sample forming surface. This was left for more than 24 hours until the coating of the gap filling mixture had completely hardened. This formed a connecting strip. The connecting strip had a thickness of 6 mm. The connecting strip was peeled off from the sample forming surface and a portion was cut out in the thickness direction to serve as an evaluation sample for the connecting strip.

[0115] Example 5: Three-layer panel In the same manner as in Example 1, a multilayer structure was formed in which one heat insulating layer and one reinforcing layer were laminated. On a day different from the day on which the multilayer structure was formed, the second mixed liquid was again applied to the reinforcing layer of the multilayer structure and cured to form a second reinforcing layer. The reason for the second application of the second mixed liquid being performed on a different day from the first application was to perform the second application after the coating film of the second mixed liquid from the first application had completely cured and become a reinforcing layer. As a result, a multilayer structure with a three-layer structure was finally obtained.

[0116] The thickness of the heat insulating layer was 4 mm, the same as in Example 1. The thickness of the first reinforcing layer was 2 mm, the same as in Example 1. The thickness of the second reinforcing layer was 1.5 mm. In other words, the total thickness of the two reinforcing layers was 3.5 mm, and the total thickness of the composite layer was 7.5 mm.

[0117] A portion of the multilayer structure was cut in the thickness direction to provide a sample for evaluating the multilayer structure, as in Example 1. Another portion of the multilayer structure was cut in the thickness direction and further sliced ​​in the in-plane direction with a slicer to separate only the two reinforcing layers with a total thickness of 3.5 mm (i.e., a laminate in which only two reinforcing layers were stacked), and this was used as a sample for evaluating the reinforcing layer alone.

[0118] <Evaluation> (thermal conductivity) The thermal conductivity of the multi-layered evaluation samples of Examples 1 to 3 and 5, and the evaluation sample of the connecting band of Example 4, was measured in accordance with JIS A 1412-2. The measuring device was calibrated using a calibration plate within 24 hours before and after the measurement, and the average temperature Tm of the test specimen and the temperature difference ΔT of the test specimen, as specified in JIS A 1412-2, were recorded in a steady state. Three measurements were taken for each evaluation sample (i.e., n = 3), and the average value was calculated from the measurement results. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0119] (tensile strength) The tensile strength of the evaluation samples of the reinforcing layer alone in Examples 1 and 5 was measured in accordance with JIS K 7161. The thickness h, as specified in JIS K 7161, was 4.0±0.2 mm, the width b was 10.0±0.2 mm, the gauge length L0 was 75.0±0.5 mm, and the grip distance L was 115±1 mm. Five samples for each evaluation (i.e., n=5) were measured, and the average value was calculated from the measurement results. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0120] [Table 6]

[0121] (shock resistant) DuPont impact tests were conducted in accordance with JIS K 5600-5-3 for the multi-layer evaluation samples of Examples 1 to 5 and the evaluation sample of the connecting strap of Example 4. The weight mass was 1000 g and the weight height was 1000 mm. In other words, the impact energy input from the weight to the evaluation sample was approximately 9.8 J. No cracks were visually observed in any of the evaluation samples after the impact test.

[0122] (solar reflectance) The solar reflectance of the multilayer evaluation sample of Example 1 was measured in accordance with JIS K 5602. Using a spectrophotometer with an integrating sphere, the solar reflectance was measured under near-normal conditions with a D65 light source and an incident angle of 15° or less, with the reflectance of an officially calibrated white standard plate set to 100%. The solar reflectance of the sample over the entire wavelength range (300 to 2500 nm) was 87%.

[0123] (water permeability) The permeability of the evaluation samples of the multilayers of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, and the evaluation sample of the connecting band of Example 4, was measured in accordance with the water permeability test method B of JIS A 6909. Table 7 shows the results obtained using tap water at 23±2°C, with a head of approximately 250 mm, for 24 hours.

[0124] [Table 7]

[0125] <Consideration> The multilayer structures of Examples 1 to 3 and 5 and the connecting strip of Example 4 all have a thermal conductivity λ total It was found that the thermal conductivity λ of the heat insulating layer was less than 0.035 W / (m·K), and that the heat insulating layer exhibited high thermal insulation properties. c The design value was set to 0.019 W / (m·K).

[0126] The multi-layer structure of Example 1 has a tensile strength σ s The multi-layer structure of Example 5 had a tensile strength of 26.2 MPa. s The tensile strength of the reinforced layer alone in Examples 1 and 5 was 22.0 MPa. Of the heat insulating layer and the reinforced layer included in the multi-layer structure, the reinforced layer is the layer that contributes most to the tensile strength of the multi-layer structure. s are 26.2 MPa and 22.0 MPa, respectively, so the tensile strength of the multilayer total In other words, it can be said that the multilayer structures of Examples 1 and 5 exhibit high impact resistance. In fact, in the impact resistance test of Examples 1 and 5, no cracks were generated in the multilayer structures even when an impact energy of approximately 9.8 J was input.

[0127] For Example 2, the reinforcement layer was not cut out from the multilayer structure and a tensile test was not performed. However, when a tensile test was performed on a reinforcement layer with a thickness of 0.6 mm made from the mixture of liquids A and B used in Example 2, the tensile strength σ s The impact strength was 24.0 MPa. Therefore, if a reinforcing layer were cut out from the multilayer structure of Example 2 and subjected to a tensile test, the measured value would be estimated to be approximately 24 MPa. Therefore, it is estimated that the multilayer structure of Example 2 also exhibits high impact resistance. In fact, in the impact resistance test of Example 2, no cracks occurred in the multilayer structure when an impact energy of approximately 9.8 J was input.

[0128] In Example 3, the reinforcement layer was not cut out from the multilayer structure and a tensile test was not performed. However, in Example 3, a reinforcement layer was cut out from the same liquid A and liquid B as in Example 1, using the same procedure as in Example 1, and having the same thickness t s A reinforcing layer of about 26 MPa was formed. Therefore, if a tensile test were conducted on a reinforcing layer cut out from the multilayer structure of Example 3, the measured value would be estimated to be about 26 MPa. Therefore, it is estimated that the multilayer structure of Example 3 also exhibits high impact resistance. In fact, in the impact resistance test of Example 3, no cracks were generated in the multilayer structure when an impact energy of about 9.8 J was input. In the impact resistance test of Example 4, no cracks were generated in the multilayer structure when an impact energy of about 9.8 J was input.

[0129] According to additional verification by the inventors, when the multi-layer structures of Examples 1 to 3 are formed on the exterior surface of a building, the temperature rise of the building can be suppressed. Therefore, for example, when solar panels are placed on the exterior surface of the building, the temperature of the building itself does not become too high, and it has been found that the temperature rise of the solar panels can also be suppressed. Specifically, it has been found that the temperature rise of the back surface of the solar panel (i.e., the surface opposite the light-receiving surface) can be suppressed by 3°C to 8°C. This corresponds to a 0.8% to 2% improvement in power generation efficiency. [Explanation of symbols]

[0130] 1,1A...exterior structure, 2...panel, 21,21A...insulating layer, 22...reinforcing layer, 3...connecting strip, 31...hardened material, 32...mesh, 100...building, 101...roofing material, 101a...roof surface, 102...exterior wall material, 102a...exterior wall surface.

Claims

1. An exterior structure formed on the outer surface of a structure, A plurality of layers including a thermal insulation layer and a reinforcing layer laminated directly or indirectly on the thermal insulation layer, The heat insulating layer contains at least a resin having a siloxane bond and an inorganic aerogel, The exterior structure, wherein the reinforcing layer contains at least a resin having a urea bond and hollow inorganic particles.

2. The exterior structure according to claim 1, The plurality of layers satisfy the following formula (1): [Equation 1] (In the above formula (1), λ total is the thermal conductivity [W / (m·K)] of the plurality of layers measured in accordance with JIS A 1412-2, and t total is the total thickness of the layers [mm], and σ s is the tensile strength [MPa] of the reinforcing layer measured in accordance with JIS K 7161.

3. The exterior structure according to claim 1 or 2, The heat insulating layer further contains a fiber substrate made of inorganic fibers, and is formed by impregnating the fiber substrate with a mixed liquid containing at least a resin having a siloxane bond and / or a silicon-nitrogen bond and an inorganic aerogel and curing the mixed liquid. An exterior structure.

4. The exterior structure according to claim 1 or 2, The content of the resin having a siloxane bond in the heat insulating layer is 12% by mass or more and 22% by mass or less, The content of the inorganic aerogel in the heat insulating layer is 50% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less, The reinforcement layer is a cured product of a mixed liquid obtained by mixing an A liquid containing an isocyanate and a B liquid containing an amine in a mass ratio (A:B) of 40:60 to 60:40, wherein the A liquid and the B liquid further contain hollow inorganic particles, and at least one of the A liquid and the B liquid further contains hollow inorganic particles; The content of isocyanate in the solution A is 40% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less, The amine content in the solution B is 15% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less.

5. The exterior structure according to claim 1 or 2, An exterior structure, wherein the exterior surface of the structure is at least one of a roof surface and an exterior wall surface of a building.

6. A method for forming the exterior structure according to claim 1, comprising: obtaining a plurality of panels each including the insulating layer and the reinforcing layer; placing the plurality of panels on an exterior surface of the structure; Equipped with The heat insulating layer is formed by impregnating a fiber substrate made of inorganic fibers with a first mixed liquid containing at least a resin having a siloxane bond and / or a silicon-nitrogen bond and an inorganic aerogel, and curing the first mixed liquid; A method for forming an exterior structure, wherein the reinforced layer is formed by directly or indirectly applying a second mixed liquid obtained by mixing liquid A containing an isocyanate and liquid B containing an amine, at least one of liquid A and liquid B further containing hollow inorganic particles, onto the insulating layer and curing the second mixed liquid.

7. A method for forming the exterior structure according to claim 6, comprising: The method for forming an exterior structure further comprises filling gaps between the plurality of panels arranged on the outer surface of the structure with a mixed liquid containing at least a resin having a siloxane bond and / or a silicon-nitrogen bond and an inorganic aerogel.

8. A method for forming the exterior structure according to claim 1, comprising: A first mixed liquid containing at least a resin having a siloxane bond and / or a silicon-nitrogen bond and an inorganic aerogel is directly or indirectly applied to the outer surface of the structure, and cured to form the heat insulating layer; a second mixed liquid obtained by mixing an A liquid containing an isocyanate and a B liquid containing an amine, at least one of which further contains hollow inorganic particles, is directly or indirectly applied onto the heat insulating layer, and cured to form the reinforced layer; A method for forming an exterior structure, comprising:

9. A method for forming the exterior structure according to claim 8, comprising: A method for forming an exterior structure, in which the second mixed liquid is applied directly or indirectly onto the coating of the first mixed liquid applied to the outer surface of the structure while the coating of the first mixed liquid is still wet, and the coating of the first mixed liquid and the coating of the second mixed liquid are cured together to form the insulating layer and the reinforcing layer.

Images