Shock-absorbing floor structure

Abstract

To prevent a floor sheet material from impairing impact absorbing properties of an impact absorbing material in an impact absorbing floor structure in which a floor sheet material is lad on the impact absorbing material.SOLUTION: An impact absorbing floor structure includes: a plurality of impact absorbing materials 1 provided on a laying surface B and mitigating impact; and a floor sheet material 3 having an adsorption portion 32 in which, in a state of not being provided on the impact absorbing materials 1, a suspension amount at 23°C is 80 mm or more and 160 mm or less, a rigidity at 23°C is 4 or less, and a concavity at 23°C is 0.5 mm or more and 1 mm or less. The floor sheet material 3 is provided on the impact absorbing materials 1 and is fixed to the impact absorbing materials 1 by the adsorption portion 32.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a shock-absorbing floor structure capable of absorbing shock. [Background technology]

[0002] BACKGROUND ART In recent years, floor structures capable of absorbing shock have been proposed in order to reduce the impact on people when they fall or when playing sports. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an elastic pad comprising an elastic hollow pillar having a wall, a first end, and a closed second end, the pillar wall having a more easily crushed area in an area adjacent to the first end compared to a less easily crushed area in an area adjacent to the second end. Such an elastic pad is made of rubber and can absorb shock by collapsing in the area adjacent to the first end when subjected to an impact or load. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Special Publication No. 2019-525783 Summary of the Invention

[0004] Incidentally, impact absorbing materials such as the elastic pads of Patent Document 1 are used by laying them on a surface, but generally, for decorative purposes or the like, a floor sheet material is laid on top of the laid impact absorbing material. However, when a floor sheet material is laid on top of an impact absorbing material, the impact absorption properties of the impact absorbing material may be impaired. Specifically, floor sheet materials are generally configured to have almost no expansion or contraction in the planar direction in order to maintain dimensional stability. Even if a vertical impact is applied to the surface of such a floor sheet material, the floor sheet material itself does not bend significantly in that direction. Therefore, when a floor sheet material is laid on top of an impact absorbing material, even if an impact is applied to the surface of the floor sheet material, the impact absorbing material is unlikely to deform into a concave shape, and the impact absorbing properties inherent to the impact absorbing material cannot be fully exhibited. [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a shock absorbing floor structure in which a floor sheet material is laid on a shock absorbing material, which structure can exhibit the shock absorbing properties of the shock absorbing material. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] With the new objective of ensuring that the floor sheet material does not impede the function of the shock absorbing material, The present inventors have discovered that a floor sheet material having appropriate rigidity and softness is unlikely to impair the function of the impact absorbing material, and have completed the present invention.

[0007] The shock-absorbing floor structure of the present invention comprises a plurality of shock-absorbing materials that are provided on a laying surface and that absorb shock; a floor sheet material having a sheet body and an adsorption portion provided on the back surface of the sheet body; the floor sheet material is provided on the shock absorbing material and fixed to the shock absorbing material by the suction portion, The sheet body has a surface resin layer containing a vinyl chloride resin and 15% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less of a plasticizer, an intermediate layer containing a vinyl chloride resin laminated on the back surface side of the surface resin layer, and a back layer laminated on the back surface side of the intermediate layer and containing a fiber reinforced layer and a back resin layer, and the fiber reinforced layer has a basis weight of 10 g / m 2 ~120g / m 2 the backside resin layer contains a vinyl chloride resin and 10% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less of a plasticizer, the thickness of the sheet body is 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less, and the thickness of the surface resin layer is 0.2 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less; When the floor sheet material is not placed on the impact absorbing material, the amount of sagging at 23°C is 100 mm or more 130 mm or less, and the stiffness at 23°C is 0.5kg / cm 2 The depression at 23°C is 0.7 mm or more 0.85 mm or less.

[0008] A preferred shock absorbing floor structure of the present invention is The backside resin layer is a foamed resin layer. . In a preferred shock absorbing floor structure of the present invention, the suction portion is formed of an adhesive. In a preferred shock absorbing floor structure of the present invention, the shock absorbing material has a structure having a frustum-shaped outer shape and a recess on a side that is not substantially parallel to the surface on which it is laid. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] In the shock-absorbing floor structure of the present invention, the floor sheet material is unlikely to impair the shock-absorbing properties of the shock-absorbing material, and the excellent shock-absorbing properties of the shock-absorbing material can be exhibited. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a plan view of the shock-absorbing floor structure seen from the surface side. [Figure 2] Cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in Figure 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part III in FIG. 2 . [Figure 4] 1 is a perspective view of an impact absorbing material according to a first embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 2A is a side view of the structure of the first embodiment, FIG. 2B is a perspective view of the structure, FIG. 2C is a plan view of the structure, and FIG. 2D is a bottom view of the structure. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of the structure of the first embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an impact absorbing material according to a second embodiment. [Figure 9] 1A is a side view of a structure of a second embodiment, FIG. 1B is a perspective view of the structure, FIG. 1C is a plan view of the structure, and FIG. 1D is a bottom view of the structure. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is an enlarged side view of the structure of the second embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 9(c) is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI in FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the structure of the second embodiment. [Figure 13]1 is a plan view of a floor sheet material according to a first embodiment, viewed from the front surface side. [Figure 14] FIG. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a plan view of a floor sheet material according to a second embodiment, viewed from the front surface side. [Figure 16] 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVI-XVI in FIG. 13. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing another layer structure of the floor sheet material. [Figure 18] This is a plan view of the state after shock-absorbing material has been laid on the installation surface during construction of the shock-absorbing floor structure, viewed from the surface side. [Figure 19] 10 is a plan view of the state when a floor sheet material is placed on the base layer and the edges are joined, viewed from the surface side. FIG. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line XX-XX in FIG. 19. [Figure 21] FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the shock absorbing floor structure. [Figure 22] A reference diagram showing the procedure for measuring the amount of droop. [Figure 23] A reference diagram showing the procedure for measuring the impact absorption test. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification, the "front surface" refers to the surface away from the installation surface when the shock absorbing material or floor sheet material is laid on the installation surface, and the "back surface" refers to the surface on the opposite side. A plan view refers to a view from a direction perpendicular to the installation surface. In this specification, the term "approximately" means within the range acceptable in the technical field to which the present invention pertains. In this specification, a numerical range expressed as "not less than a lower limit value and not more than an upper limit value" can be set to "not less than an arbitrary lower limit value and not more than an arbitrary upper limit value" by selecting an arbitrary lower limit value and an arbitrary upper limit value. It should also be noted that the dimensions, such as thickness and size, in each drawing may differ from the actual dimensions.

[0012] [Shock-absorbing floor structure] FIG. 1 is a plan view of the impact absorbing floor structure A, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the impact absorbing floor structure A cut in the thickness direction, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of FIG. 2. 1 to 3, the shock-absorbing floor structure A has a laying surface B, a base layer C provided on the laying surface B, and a covering layer D provided on the base layer C. The base layer C has a plurality of shock-absorbing materials 1 provided on the laying surface B and that absorb shock. The covering layer D has a plurality of floor sheet materials 3 provided on the base layer C. In the present invention, a floor sheet material 3 is used that has a sagging amount of 80 mm to 160 mm at 23°C, a rigidity of 4 or less at 23°C, and a depression of 0.5 mm to 1 mm at 23°C.

[0013] The laying surface B is the foundation of the construction site where the base layer C etc. is constructed. The laying surface B, which is the construction site, may be indoors of a building, or may be semi-outdoors or outdoors of a building. The shock-absorbing floor structure A of the present invention can mitigate the impact on users, and is therefore suitable for use in floor structures of various buildings where such an effect is particularly required, such as welfare facilities such as nursing homes, elderly care facilities, disability support facilities, and children's facilities; medical facilities such as hospitals and clinics; recreational facilities such as sports gyms and playgrounds; educational facilities such as school gymnasiums; and ordinary homes. Figure 1 shows an example of the application of the shock-absorbing floor structure A of the present invention to the floor of a room in a nursing home. In the figure, symbol B1 indicates the room wall corresponding to the outer edge of the construction site, symbol B2 indicates the entrance door, and symbol B3 indicates the slope of the entrance. Shock-absorbing material 1 or the like may or may not be laid on the slope. Any gaps (so-called joints) that occur between the room wall B1 and the edge 3a of the floor sheet material 3 are either concealed by a baseboard (not shown) or filled with a sealant or the like. Any gaps that occur between the sloped portion B3 and the edge 3a of the floor sheet material 3 are filled with a sealant or the like. The room may not have a sloped portion.

[0014] The shock absorbing material 1 has a structure 11, which will be described later, and a plurality of shock absorbing materials 1 are laid on a laying surface B. For example, the shock absorbing materials 1 are laid on a laying surface B, which is an area partitioned by room walls B1. Adjacent shock absorbing materials 1 are laid on the laying surface B with their edges adjacent to each other, with substantially no gaps between them. Below, the shock absorbing material 1 and the floor sheet material 3 will be explained individually, and then the construction method of the shock absorbing floor structure A will be explained.

[0015] <Shock absorbing material> The shock absorbing material 1 forms the base layer C of the shock absorbing floor structure A. The shock absorbing material 1 is a member that does not deform even when subjected to normal loads such as when a person walks, but deforms when subjected to an impact exceeding a predetermined load and speed, thereby mitigating damage to the person. The shock absorbing material 1 has a structure with shock absorbing ability. The shock absorbing material 1 may be composed of a single structure, or may be composed of multiple structures connected in series. Since multiple structures can be installed simultaneously in a single installation operation, it is preferable that the shock absorbing material 1 be composed of multiple structures connected in series. The structure is, for example, based on a hollow truncated cone-shaped structure, and has a recess on a side that is not substantially horizontal to the installation surface B.

[0016] The structure 11 is preferably formed from a material with resilience. The structure 11 formed from a material with resilience can deform under load and then return to its original shape when the load is removed. Examples of such materials include elastic bodies such as rubber-containing elastomers and sponges. For example, the structure 11 is formed from rubber such as NR rubber or a thermoplastic elastomer. When the structure 11 is formed from NR rubber (natural rubber), its rubber hardness may be in the range of 10 to 100, and a range of 50 to 80 improves the balance between shock absorption and walking stability. The rubber hardness of the structure 11 is a value measured using an Asker Rubber Hardness Tester C2. Specifically, at room temperature and normal pressure, the indenter of an Asker Rubber Hardness Tester C2 (manufactured by Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd.) is placed against the measurement surface and pressure is applied while keeping the surface horizontal. The value is read when the value stabilizes in the horizontal state.

[0017] 4(a) is a perspective view of the impact absorbing material 1 of the first embodiment before being laid on the laying surface B, as seen from one side (the second surface portion 112 side), and FIG. 4(b) is a perspective view of the impact absorbing material 1 as seen from the opposite side (the first surface portion 111 side). FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a basic unit of the structure 11 constituting the impact absorbing material 1, where (a) is a front view of the structure 11 as seen from the front, (b) is a perspective view of the structure 11 as seen diagonally from above, (c) is a plan view of the structure 11 as seen from directly above, and (d) is a bottom view of the structure 11 as seen from directly below. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the structure 11 as seen from the front. In FIG. 6, lines that cannot be seen from the outside are shown with dashed lines.

[0018] 4 illustrates an impact absorbing material 1 in which a plurality of structures 11 are connected in series, forming a plate shape as a whole. This impact absorbing material 1 includes a plurality of structures 11 adjacent to each other. In the illustrated example, an impact absorbing material 1 in which 8 structures 11 (length x width) x 8 structures 11 are connected in series is illustrated, but the number of structures 11 is not limited to this. The structure 11 has a first surface 111 having an outer surface 111a substantially parallel to the installation surface B, a second surface 112 having an outer surface 112a substantially parallel to the outer surface 111a of the first surface 111, a wall surface 113 constituting the wall surface of the frustum, pillar portions 114 which are pillar portions connecting each corner of the first surface 111 to each corresponding corner of the second surface 112, and a recess 115 formed by being recessed in the pillar portion 114. The wall surface 113 may be omitted, provided that the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 are connected by the pillar portions 114. Also, the first surface 111, the second surface 112, the wall surface 113, and the pillar portions 114 are described as if they are separate parts. This is because it is assumed that structure 11 will be manufactured as a single unit, and the contact points of first surface portion 111, second surface portion 112, wall surface portion 113, and pillar portion 114 are connected as a single unit. However, structure 11 may also be formed by manufacturing these as separate parts and connecting them with adhesive or components. The shock absorbing material 1 is configured from a plurality of structures 11 by connecting the edges of the first surface portions 111 of the structures 11 by integrally molding, bonding, or adjoining them. Figure 4 shows an example of a shock absorbing material 1 in which a plurality of structures 11 are integrally molded.

[0019] The first surface portion 111 has a frame shape with a substantially square shape in plan view, each side of which has an outer width w1. Because the first surface portion 111 has a frame shape in plan view, when the structure 11 is viewed from the first surface portion 111 side, the inner surface 112b of the second surface portion 112 is visible, as shown in FIG. The outer width w1 of the first surface portion 111 is, for example, 5 mm to 100 mm, and preferably 10 mm to 80 mm to keep manufacturing costs low, and more preferably 20 mm to 50 mm to allow the structure 11 to be placed at a height that is easy to install. The thickness t1 of the first surface portion 111 is, for example, 1 mm to 10 mm, and preferably 2 mm to 5 mm. The outer surface 112a of the second surface 112 is approximately parallel to the outer surface 111a of the first surface 111. In the illustrated example, the second surface 112 is flat, but if it can be stably laid on the laying surface B or if the floor sheet material 3 can be laid on the second surface 112, the second surface 112 may be designed to have irregularities or holes formed in its surface so that the air inside can escape through the voids when the structure 11 is deformed.

[0020] The outer surface 112a of the second surface portion 112 is formed in a generally square shape in a plan view, with each side having a width w3. The width w3 of the outer surface 112a of the second surface portion 112 is smaller than the outer width w1 of the first surface portion 111. The area of ​​the inner surface 112b of the second surface portion 112 is also smaller than the area of ​​the outer surface 112a of the second surface portion 112. The inner width w2 of the first surface portion 111 and the width w4 of the inner surface 112b of the second surface portion 112 satisfy the relationship of Formula 1: width w4<inner width w2. The thickness t2 of the second surface portion 112 is, for example, 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less, and preferably 2 mm or more and 5 mm or less. If the thickness t2 is too small, the strength decreases, and it may deform even with a small load, causing problems when walking. On the other hand, if the thickness t2 is too large, it may be difficult to deform even when a large load is applied, and it may not be possible to exhibit sufficient shock absorption effectiveness, and material costs will also increase.

[0021] The wall surface portions 113 form a wall surface that is not horizontal with the outer surface 112a of the second surface portion 112. When the first surface portion 111 and the second surface portion 112 are substantially square (or substantially rectangular) in plan view, there are four wall surface portions 113. Although the wall surface portions 113 are portions to which a load is applied, if corresponding corners of the first surface portion 111 and the second surface portion 112 are connected by pillar portions 114 and the pillar portions 114 are strong enough to withstand the load, the wall surface portions 113 may be omitted. The pillars 114 connect the corners of the first surface 111 and the second surface 112. Furthermore, at the top of the sides of the pillars 114, recesses 115 exist in the form of a portion of the pillars 114 being missing. The recess 115 is present in the pillar portion 114 and is a portion that plays a central role in absorbing shock. As shown in FIG. 7, the presence of the recess 115 makes the thickness of the pillar portion 114 thinner around the recess 115, and therefore, when a certain load or the like is applied to the first surface portion 111 or the second surface portion 112, the pillar portion 114 bends toward the inside of the structure 11 at the recess 115 to absorb the shock. After absorbing the shock, as the load decreases, the structure 11 returns to its original shape due to the restoring properties of the structure 11, such as the pillar portion 114 and the first surface portion 111.

[0022] Here, the pillar portion 114 will be defined with reference to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a perspective view conceptually illustrating one pillar portion 114 extracted from the structure 11. The width of the recess 115 is width L1. Furthermore, of the corner sides of the pillar portion 114 (sides extending from the corner of the second surface portion 112 toward the first surface portion 111), the side below the recess 115 is defined as side 114a, and the inner side is defined as side 114b. In this case, a line drawn from any point on side 114a equidistant from the outward-facing side surfaces 114c and 114d of the pillar portion 114 and perpendicular to side 114b corresponds to the thickness of the pillar portion 114, and this length is defined as thickness t4. Furthermore, the length of a line drawn perpendicular to side 114b from the deepest part of the recess 115 is defined as thickness t5. As shown in Fig. 7, the deepest part (deepest portion) of recess 115 is located near the center of recess 115. The two-dot dashed line in Fig. 7 indicates the portion where the plane passing through sides 114a and 114b contacts recess 115, and the deepest portion of recess 115 is located on this two-dot dashed line. Thickness t4 and thickness t5 satisfy the relationship of Formula 2: thickness t5<thickness t4.

[0023] 6, when the distance from the outer surface 111a of the first surface 111 to the deepest part of the recess 115 in this embodiment is defined as height h2, the relationship of Equation 3: height h2≦height h1 / 2 is satisfied. In other words, the deepest part of the recess 115 is located at a position halfway through the height h1 of the structure 11 and below halfway through the height h1 of the structure 11. This makes it easier for the column portions 114 to bend toward the inside of the structure 11 at the recess 115 when a certain load or the like is applied to the first surface 111 or the second surface 112.

[0024] The deepest part of the recess 115 may be located within a section that includes both ends of the second-lowest section when the height h1 is divided into four equal parts. In this case, a sufficient distance is provided from the deepest part of the recess 115 to the upper and lower ends of the pillar portion 114, allowing the structure 11 to sink sufficiently when bent and to easily absorb shock. Furthermore, the deepest part of the recess 115 may be located within a section that includes the upper end of the second-highest section when the height h1 is divided into four equal parts. In this case, a sufficient distance is provided from the deepest part of the recess 115 to the upper and lower ends of the pillar portion 114, allowing the structure 11 to sink sufficiently when bent and to easily absorb shock. By having the deepest part of the recess located within a section that includes both ends of the second-highest to fourth-highest sections when the height h1 of the structure is divided into four equal parts, the structure 11 can sink sufficiently when bent and to easily absorb shock.

[0025] 6, the angle θ1 formed between the first surface portion 111 and the pillar portion 114 may be within a range in which the formula 1 holds true. For example, if the angle θ1 is within a range of 80 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees, the structure 11 will exhibit high shock absorption properties, and if the angle θ1 is within a range of 83 degrees to 87 degrees, the structural stability of the structure 11 against impact forces can be adequately ensured. Although the structure 11 is exemplified by a three-dimensional structure of a quadrangular pyramid in which the first surface portion 111 and the second surface portion 112 have an outer shape of a substantially square in a plan view, they may have a pyramidal structure of another polygonal shape. In particular, a substantially hexagonal pyramid is preferred, as it is known that the rigidity in all directions in the horizontal plane is constant.

[0026] When laying the impact absorbing material 1 of the first embodiment on the laying surface B, the impact absorbing material 1 may be placed on the laying surface B with the outer surface 111a of the first surface portion 111 facing the laying surface B, or the impact absorbing material 1 may be placed on the laying surface B with the outer surface 112a of the second surface portion 112 facing the laying surface B. Assuming that the bottom side of the paper in Figure 4 is the laying surface B, when the impact absorbing material 1 is placed with the first surface 111 facing the laying surface B, as shown in Figure 4(a), the floor sheet material 3 is laid on the outer surface 112a of the second surface 112, and when the impact absorbing material 1 is placed with the second surface 112 facing the laying surface B, as shown in Figure 4(b), the floor sheet material 3 is laid on the outer surface 111a of the first surface 111. In the former case, the outer surfaces 112a of the multiple second surface portions 112 that exist at predetermined intervals in the surface direction become contact portions that come into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3, and the portions where the outer surfaces 112a do not exist become non-contact portions that do not come into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3. In the latter case, the outer surfaces 111a of the first surface portions 111 that exist in a lattice pattern in a plan view become contact portions that come into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3, and the portions where the outer surfaces 111a do not exist become non-contact portions that do not come into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3. The contact portions and non-contact portions exist alternately in the surface direction (horizontal direction), and the imaginary surface including the multiple contact portions forms a single plane.

[0027] The impact absorbing material 1 is not limited to the structure of the first embodiment, but can be modified as appropriate as long as it has a structure that has the function of absorbing impact by deformation. Fig. 8(a) is a perspective view of the impact absorbing material 1 of the second embodiment before being laid on the laying surface B, as seen from one side (the second surface portion 112 side), and Fig. 8(b) is a perspective view of the impact absorbing material 1 as seen from the opposite side (the first surface portion 111 side). Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a basic unit of a structure 11 constituting the impact absorbing material 1, with (a) being a front view of the structure 11 as seen from the front, (b) being a perspective view of the structure 11 as seen diagonally from above, (c) being a plan view of the structure 11 as seen from directly above, and (d) being a bottom view of the structure 11 as seen from directly below. Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of the structure 11 as seen from the front, and Fig. 11 being a cross-sectional view thereof.

[0028] The impact absorbing material 1 of the second embodiment may also be made up of one structure 11, but it is preferable that a plurality of structures 11 are connected together and have a plate shape as a whole. Like the structure 11 of the first embodiment, the structure 11 of the second embodiment has a first surface portion 111, a second surface portion 112, a pillar portion 114, and a recessed portion 115 formed by being recessed in the pillar portion 114, and further has a wall surface portion 113 as necessary. The first surface portion 111, the second surface portion 112, the wall surface portion 113, the pillar portion 114, and the recessed portion 115 of the structure 11 of the second embodiment, as well as their widths, are the same as those of the structure 11 of the first embodiment, and therefore the same reference numerals are used in Figures 8 to 12 and their description will be omitted.

[0029] The structure 11 of the second embodiment differs from the structure 11 of the first embodiment mainly in that a bottomed cylindrical protrusion 116 is formed that protrudes from within the plane of the second surface portion 112 toward the first surface portion 111. By forming the protrusion 116, shock can also be absorbed by deformation of the protrusion 116, improving shock absorption. Furthermore, the protrusion 116 increases the number of points that support the floor structure when walking, making it easier to adjust the balance between shock absorption capacity and stability when walking, ultimately improving the balance between the two. The protrusion 116 is formed, for example, in a cylindrical shape with a bottom, with its center at the center of gravity of the second surface 112 in a plan view. Therefore, an opening defined by the inner periphery of the cylindrical protrusion 116 is formed in the surface of the second surface 112. The protrusion 116 protrudes so that its outer surface 116a is in the same plane as the outer surface 111a of the first surface 111. Since the outer surface 116a of the protrusion 116 and the outer surface 111a of the first surface 111 are flush with each other, when the first surface 111 is laid on the laying surface B, the contact area with the laying surface B is increased, allowing the shock absorbing material 1 to be stably laid on the laying surface B. Alternatively, when a floor sheet material 3 is laid on the first surface 111, the contact area with the floor sheet material 3 is increased, making it possible to suppress reflections on the surface of the floor sheet material 3 due to non-contact portions. As shown in FIG. 12, the protruding portion 116 may be protruded so that the outer surface 116a of the protruding portion 116 is positioned more inward than the outer surface 111a of the first surface portion 111.

[0030] Furthermore, a plurality of recesses 117 are formed radially in the second surface portion 112 in a plan view. Each recess 117 extends from the inner periphery of the protrusion 116 to each wall surface portion 113. Each recess 117 is a slight depression and has a gently sloping arc-shaped surface. Furthermore, each wall surface portion 113 has a through hole 118 formed therein. The through hole 118 is located above the wall surface portion 113 and near the second surface portion 112. By forming the recesses 117 and through holes 118, the impact absorption capacity of the impact absorbing material 1 can be improved.

[0031] When laying the impact absorbing material 1 of the second embodiment on the laying surface B, the impact absorbing material 1 may be placed on the laying surface B with the outer surface 111a of the first surface portion 111 facing the laying surface B, or the impact absorbing material 1 may be placed on the laying surface B with the outer surface 112a of the second surface portion 112 facing the laying surface B. Assuming that the bottom side of the paper in Figure 8 is the laying surface B, when the impact absorbing material 1 is placed with the first surface 111 facing the laying surface B, as shown in Figure 8(a), the floor sheet material 3 is laid on the outer surface 112a of the second surface 112, and when the impact absorbing material 1 is placed with the second surface 112 facing the laying surface B, as shown in Figure 8(b), the floor sheet material 3 is laid on the outer surface 111a of the first surface 111. In the former case, the outer surfaces 112a of the multiple second surface portions 112 that exist at predetermined intervals in the surface direction become contact portions that come into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3, and the portions where the outer surfaces 112a do not exist become non-contact portions that do not come into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3. In the latter case, the outer surfaces 111a of the first surface portions 111 and the outer surfaces 116a of the protrusions 116 that exist in a lattice pattern in a plan view become contact portions that come into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3, and the portions where the outer surfaces 111a, 116a do not exist become non-contact portions that do not come into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3. The contact portions and non-contact portions exist alternately in the surface direction (horizontal direction), and the imaginary surface including the multiple contact portions forms a single plane.

[0032] <Floor sheet material> The floor sheet material 3 forms a surface layer D of the shock absorbing floor structure A. The floor sheet material 3 has a sagging amount at 23° C. of 80 mm to 160 mm, preferably 90 mm to 140 mm, and more preferably 100 mm to 130 mm. The floor sheet material 3 has a stiffness at 23°C of 4 or less, preferably 3 or less, more preferably 2 or less, and even more preferably 0.5 or less. The lower limit of the stiffness at 23°C of the floor sheet material 3 is 0 or more. Furthermore, the floor sheet material 3 has a depression at 23° C. of 0.5 mm or more and 1 mm or less, preferably 0.6 mm or more and 0.9 mm or less, and more preferably 0.7 mm or more and 0.85 mm or less. By laying a floor sheet material 3 whose sagging amount, rigidity and recession all fall within the above ranges on the impact absorbing material 1, the floor sheet material 3 is less likely to impair the function of the impact absorbing material 1, and an impact absorbing floor structure A can be provided which maintains the excellent impact absorption properties of the impact absorbing material 1. The methods for measuring the amount of sagging, rigidity, and depression are the same as those described in the examples below.

[0033] Next, the shape and layer structure of the floor sheet material 3 will be described. Figures 13 to 15 show the floor sheet material 3 before it is laid on the base layer C, where Figure 13 is a plan view of the floor sheet material 3 of the first embodiment seen from the front side, Figure 14 is a bottom view of the same floor sheet material 3 seen from the back side, and Figure 15 is a plan view of the floor sheet material 3 of the second embodiment seen from the front side. 13 and 14, the floor sheet material 3 is formed in a long strip shape in a plan view. The long strip shape refers to a generally rectangular shape in a plan view in which the length in the first direction is sufficiently longer than the length in the second direction, and for example, the length in the first direction is at least three times, preferably at least five times, the length in the second direction. Specific dimensions of the long strip shape include, for example, a length in the second direction (short side) of 500 mm to 3000 mm, and a length in the first direction (long side) of 2 m to 500 m. The floor sheet material 3 formed in a long strip shape is usually wound into a roll for storage and transportation, and is cut into a desired shape at the construction site for use.

[0034] Referring to Figure 15, the floor sheet material 3 is formed in the form of a sheet of paper that is approximately square in plan view. However, the sheet-shaped floor sheet material 3 may also be formed in a substantially rectangular or hexagonal shape in plan view (not shown). Specific dimensions of the floor sheet material 3 that is approximately square or rectangular in plan view include a first direction length of 500 mm or more and 1000 mm or less, and a second direction length of 500 mm or more and 1000 mm or less. The sheet-shaped floor sheet material 3 as shown in the figure is stored and transported in a state where multiple sheets are stacked together or individually rolled up. It is preferable to use a long strip-shaped floor sheet material 3 because the floor sheet material 3 can be laid over a relatively large area in one delivery.

[0035] Figures 16 and 17 are cross-sectional views showing some layer structures of the floor sheet material 3. Note that Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view cut along line XVI-XVI in Figure 13 (a direction parallel to the second direction), and Figures 17(a) and (b) are cross-sectional views of other layer structures cut at the same location. The layer structure of the floor sheet material 3 in Figure 15 is similar, so its drawing is omitted. 16 and 17, the floor sheet material 3 has a sheet body 31 and an adsorption portion 32. The sheet body 31 (floor sheet material 3) has at least a surface resin layer. That is, the surface of the floor sheet material 3 does not have pile yarn or cloth, and the surface of the floor sheet material 3 is composed of the surface resin layer. The floor sheet material 3 is flexible and preferably has cushioning properties. The flexibility is such that, for example, the floor sheet material 3 can be wound in a roll around a core having a diameter of 10 cm with the back side facing the core. The thickness of the sheet body 31 is not particularly limited and is, for example, 1 mm to 10 mm, preferably 1.2 mm to 8 mm, and more preferably 1.5 mm to 5 mm. The thickness of the sheet body 31 does not include the thickness of the suction portion. A floor sheet material 3 having a sheet body 31 of this thickness is durable, and even if it is partially damaged or scratched, it can prevent the impact absorbing material 1 from being exposed.

[0036] The layer structure of the floor sheet material 3 is not particularly limited, and it is sufficient that the floor sheet material 3 has at least the sheet body 31 and the suction portion 32 as described above. For example, the floor sheet material 3 has a sheet body 31 having a surface resin layer 311 that forms the surface of the floor sheet material 3, and an adsorption portion 32 provided on the back surface side of the sheet body 31. Preferably, the floor sheet material 3 has a sheet body 31 having a surface resin layer 311 that forms the surface of the floor sheet material 3 and a back layer 312 laminated on the back surface side of the sheet body 31, and an adsorption portion 32 provided on the back surface side of the sheet body 31. Moreover, it is preferable that the sheet body 31 further includes an intermediate layer 313 that is disposed between the surface resin layer 311 and the back layer 312 and firmly bonds the surface resin layer 311 and the back layer 312 together. The surface resin layer 311 may be composed of one layer or two or more layers. The surface resin layer 311 may include a foamed layer, but in terms of increasing the durability of the floor sheet material 3, it is preferable that the surface resin layer 311 does not include a foamed layer. For example, the surface resin layer 311 has a surface layer 3111 made of a non-foaming resin and constituting the surface of the floor sheet material 3, and a design layer 3112 that presents a design, and may have a protective layer 3113 made of a non-foaming resin on the surface side of the surface layer 3111, as necessary. When the protective layer 3113 is present, the protective layer 3113 constitutes the surface of the floor sheet material 3. Fine irregularities may be formed on the surface of the surface resin layer 311. Examples of such irregularities include irregularities that form a matte pattern (so-called matte embossing) and irregularities that form a wood grain pattern (so-called wood grain embossing). The depth of the irregularities (depth of recesses) is, for example, 20 μm or more and 120 μm or less, and preferably 30 μm or more and 100 μm or less.

[0037] The surface layer 3111 of the surface resin layer 311 contains a synthetic resin and is composed of one layer or two or more layers. Thermoplastic resins are generally used as the resin material for the surface layer 3111. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include vinyl chloride resins such as vinyl chloride and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers; polyolefin resins; urethane resins; vinyl acetate resins such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers; acrylic resins such as ethylene-methacrylate resins; polyamide resins; and ester resins. These resins can be used alone or in combination. To ensure strong adhesion to the design layer 3112 and the like, the surface layer 3111 is preferably formed from a vinyl chloride composition primarily composed of vinyl chloride resin. In this specification, the main component resin refers to the component (by weight) that is the largest among the resin components (excluding additives) that make up that layer. The amount of the main component resin is more than 40% by weight, preferably 50% by weight or more, and more preferably 60% by weight or more, when the total resin components that make up that layer are taken as 100% by weight. The upper limit of the amount of the main component resin is 100% by weight. When the amount of the main component resin is less than 100% by weight, the resins other than the main component resin contained in that layer are not particularly limited, and known resin components can be used.

[0038] When the surface layer 3111 is formed from a vinyl chloride composition, the vinyl chloride resin may be either a paste vinyl chloride resin or a suspension vinyl chloride resin. Paste vinyl chloride resin is preferred because it can firmly adhere to the design layer 3112 and has excellent processability during manufacturing. The vinyl chloride composition forming the surface layer 3111 preferably contains 45% by weight to 80% by weight of vinyl chloride resin and 15% by weight to 50% by weight of a plasticizer such as DOP, based on a total weight of 100%. The vinyl chloride composition may contain additives as needed. Conventionally known additives can be used, such as flame retardants, stabilizers, moisture absorbents, antioxidants, lubricants, colorants, and antifungal agents. The vinyl chloride composition may contain a filler such as calcium carbonate, but it is preferable that the vinyl chloride composition does not contain a filler such as calcium carbonate, as this allows the formation of a layer with excellent transparency. The thickness of the surface layer 3111 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 0.1 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less, and more preferably 0.2 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less.

[0039] The design layer 3112 is a layer that imparts a design to the floor sheet material 3 by revealing colors and patterns on the floor sheet material 3. The design layer 3112 is provided as needed. The design layer 3112 is a non-foamed layer. The design expressed on the design layer 3112 is not particularly limited, and examples include any pattern, a wood grain pattern, a wood grain pattern, a stone grain pattern, etc. Examples of the design layer 3112 include a design-printed film and a colored resin sheet. However, the design layer 3112 is not limited to these examples, and any other layer capable of expressing a design can be used. The design-printed film can be a resin film on which a printing ink, such as an ink containing a colorant and a binder resin such as vinyl chloride, is printed and solidified. The colored resin sheet can be a resin colored with a pigment or the like, such as a colored resin whose main resin component is a vinyl chloride-based resin, processed into a sheet. When the design layer 3112 is formed from a vinyl chloride composition, the vinyl chloride-based resin may be either a paste vinyl chloride resin or a suspension vinyl chloride resin. It is preferable to use a suspension vinyl chloride resin for the design layer 3112 because it is harder than a paste vinyl chloride resin. The thickness of the design layer 3112 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.002 mm or more and 0.3 mm or less, and preferably 0.005 mm or more and 0.2 mm or less.

[0040] The protective layer 3113 is provided as needed, and when the protective layer 3113 is not provided, the surface layer 3111 below it forms the surface of the floor sheet material 3. The protective layer 3113 is preferably a layer provided to impart abrasion resistance and scratch resistance to the surface of the floor sheet material 3. The protective layer 3113 may be transparent or opaque, but when the design layer 3112 is provided, the protective layer 3113 is preferably transparent so that the design display can be seen. The protective layer 3113 is a non-foamed layer.

[0041] The protective layer 3113 contains a synthetic resin. The resin material is not particularly limited, but is preferably formed from a relatively hard resin layer. As the resin material for the protective layer 3113, it is preferable to use a curable resin composition because of its good processability, and it is more preferable to use an ionizing radiation curable resin composition, and it is even more preferable to use an ultraviolet curable resin composition because of its versatility. Examples of the curable resin composition include ionizing radiation curable resins such as ultraviolet curable resins, as well as thermosetting resins and resin compositions that are cured by non-ionizing radiation. The ultraviolet-curable resin composition contains at least one of a curable monomer and an oligomer, and a photopolymerization initiator, and further contains at least one additive selected from a solvent, a leveling agent, fine particles, a filler, a dispersant, a plasticizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a surfactant, an antioxidant, a thixotropic agent, etc. As the curable resin composition such as the ultraviolet-curable resin composition, a commercially available product may be used. The thickness of protective layer 3113 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.001 mm or more and 0.1 mm or less, preferably 0.005 mm or more and 0.07 mm or less, and preferably 0.01 mm or more and 0.05 mm or less.

[0042] The intermediate layer 313 disposed between the surface resin layer 311 and the back layer 312 is a layer provided to firmly bond the surface resin layer 311 to the back layer 312. If the surface resin layer 311 can be directly and firmly bonded to the back layer 312, the intermediate layer 313 can be omitted. The intermediate layer 313 may be a foamed layer, but is preferably a non-foamed layer so that it functions as an adhesive layer. Intermediate layer 313 contains a synthetic resin. A thermoplastic resin is generally used as the resin material. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include those exemplified for surface layer 3111 described above. Intermediate layer 313 is also preferably formed from a vinyl chloride composition containing the above-mentioned vinyl chloride resin as a main component, since it is firmly bonded to design layer 3112 and the like. The thickness of the intermediate layer 313 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 0.1 mm or more and 0.8 mm or less, and preferably 0.2 mm or more and 0.7 mm or less.

[0043] The backing layer 312 may be made up of one layer or two or more layers. The backing layer 312 preferably includes a foamed layer, since it can cooperate with the shock absorbing material 1 to reduce the impact on a person, and is preferably fiber reinforced from the viewpoint of dimensional stability of the floor sheet material 3. For example, the back layer 312 has a fiber reinforcement layer 3121 and a back-side resin layer 3122. The fiber reinforcement layer 3121 may be disposed between the front surface resin layer 311 and the back-side resin layer 3122 (between the intermediate layer 313 and the back-side resin layer 3122 if an intermediate layer 313 is included), as shown in FIG. 16 , or may be embedded in the middle of the back-side resin layer 3122 in the thickness direction, as shown in FIG. 17( a), or may be disposed on the back surface of the back-side resin layer 3122, as shown in FIG. 17( b). The fiber reinforcement layer 3121 is not limited to one layer, and may be two or more layers. When two or more fiber reinforcement layers 3121 are used, for example, one fiber reinforcement layer 3121 may be disposed between the front surface resin layer 311 and the back-side resin layer 3122, and another fiber reinforcement layer 3121 may be disposed on the back surface of the back-side resin layer 3122.

[0044] The fiber reinforcement layer 3121 is formed by forming fibers such as glass fibers into a sheet. Examples of the fiber reinforcement layer 3121 include nonwoven fabric and woven fabric. The material of the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric or woven fabric is not particularly limited, and examples include synthetic resin fibers such as polyester and polyolefin; inorganic fibers such as glass and carbon; and natural fibers. In particular, it is preferable to use a glass sheet containing glass fibers as the fiber reinforcement layer 3121 because dimensional change due to temperature is small. The weight of the fiber reinforcement layer 3121 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 10 g / m 2 ~120g / m 2 and preferably 20 g / m 2 ~80g / m 2 and more preferably 30 g / m 2 ~60g / m 2 By using a fiber reinforcing layer with the above weight, it is possible to configure a floor sheet material 3 that is excellent in durability and dimensional stability.

[0045] The backside resin layer 3122 may be a non-foamed layer, but is preferably a foamed resin layer for the reasons described above. The backside resin layer 3122 is firmly bonded to the fiber reinforcement layer 3121 so that it cannot be peeled off. The foamed resin constituting the backside resin layer 3122 is not particularly limited, but examples include thermoplastic resins such as vinyl chloride resins (e.g., vinyl chloride and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers); urethane resins (e.g., polyurethane); polyolefin resins (e.g., polypropylene); vinyl acetate resins (e.g., ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers); styrene resins (e.g., polystyrene); acrylic resins (e.g., ethylene-methacrylate resins); polyamide resins; and ester resins (e.g., polyethylene terephthalate); and reactive resins such as epoxy resins. These resins can be used alone or in combination. Preferably, the backside resin layer 3122 contains a vinyl chloride resin, a urethane resin, or a polyolefin resin. A foamed backside resin layer 3122 primarily composed of a vinyl chloride resin is easy to process and relatively inexpensive. A foamed backside resin layer 3122 primarily composed of a urethane resin or a polyolefin resin has the advantage of being highly flexible and easily adaptable to the base layer C.

[0046] When the backside resin layer 3122 is primarily made of vinyl chloride resin, the backside resin layer 3122 is formed by foaming a vinyl chloride composition. The vinyl chloride resin for the backside resin layer 3122 may be either a paste vinyl chloride resin or a suspension vinyl chloride resin. It is preferable to use a paste vinyl chloride resin for the backside resin layer 3122 because it can firmly bond to the fiber reinforcement layer 3121. The vinyl chloride composition forming the backside resin layer 3122 preferably contains, based on a total weight percentage of 100%, 15 to 80% by weight of vinyl chloride resin, 0 to 70% by weight of a filler such as calcium carbonate, and 10 to 50% by weight of a plasticizer such as DOP. Note that 0% by weight of filler means that no filler is contained. The vinyl chloride composition may contain additives as needed. Conventional additives may be used, such as flame retardants, stabilizers, moisture absorbents, antioxidants, lubricants, colorants, and antifungal agents.

[0047] The method of foaming the resin composition to form the foamed backside resin layer 3122 is not particularly limited, and may be any of chemical foaming, mechanical foaming, or physical foaming, or may be foaming using a pre-formed foaming agent such as hollow beads, or foaming using thermally expandable microcapsules. The expansion ratio of the backside resin layer 3122 is not particularly limited, but if it is too small, the shock absorption ability decreases, and if it is too large, the recovery ability after receiving a load decreases. From this viewpoint, the expansion ratio of the backside resin layer 3122 is preferably 1.2 times or more and 3.5 times or less, and more preferably 1.5 times or more and 3.0 times or less. The thickness of the rear resin layer 3122 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.5 mm or more and 5 mm or less, and preferably 1 mm or more and 4 mm or less.

[0048] 14, 16 and 17, an adsorption portion 32 is provided on the back surface side of the sheet body 31. The adsorption portion 32 is a portion provided on the sheet body 31 to prevent the floor sheet material 3 from shifting or slipping in the surface direction while allowing the floor sheet material 3 to be peeled off from the shock absorbing material 1, which is the base layer C. The material for forming the suction portion 32 is not particularly limited as long as it can adhere to the base layer C with sufficient adhesion to prevent slippage of the floor sheet material 3. Examples of materials for forming the suction portion 32 include materials that can adhere or stick to the base layer C. The floor sheet material 3, which has suction sections 32 made of a material that adheres or sticks to the base layer C, is fixed to the base layer C by the suction or adhesion of the suction sections 32. In this case, when the impact absorbing material 1, which is the base layer C, deforms, the floor sheet material 3 does not lift off the base layer C but can follow the base layer C. Furthermore, if the impact absorbing material 1 is significantly deformed due to a large load, the floor sheet material 3 may lift off the base layer C. However, even in such a case, the suction sections 32 adhere or stick to the base layer C as the impact absorbing material 1 returns to its original state, so the floor sheet material 3 is also fixed to the base layer C as it was before. Examples of materials for forming the suction sections 32 by suction include flexible foam resins and soft rubber, which are collectively referred to as suction foam. Because suction foam is relatively thick, the floor sheet material 3 having suction sections 32 made from suction foam easily follows the base layer C and has excellent recovery after deformation. Furthermore, when a load is applied to the laid floor sheet material 3, the suction portion 32 adheres strongly to the base layer C due to the effect of the suction foam, preventing the floor sheet material 3 from shifting. On the other hand, when no load is applied, the suction foam is released from compression and adheres weakly to the base layer C, allowing the floor sheet material 3 to be removed relatively easily. Examples of materials for forming the adhesive suction portion 32 include peel-up adhesives. When the adhesive material for forming the adhesive portion 32 is an adhesive, application is easy, making it easier to apply to large-area construction. Furthermore, instead of providing the floor sheet material 3 with adhesive in advance, it is possible to apply adhesive to the surface of the base layer C or the back surface of the floor sheet material 3 after laying the base layer C, and then lay the floor sheet material 3. In particular, the material for forming the suction portion 32 is preferably a flexible foamed resin, since the material for forming the suction portion 32 is unlikely to remain on the base layer C after peeling. The floor sheet material 3 provided with the suction portion 32 is usually stored and transported in a state where it is attached to a release sheet, and the release sheet is peeled off when the floor sheet material is laid down.

[0049] The flexible foamed resin has a porous structure having a plurality of micropores. The foamed resin may have either an open-cell structure or a closed-cell structure, but an open-cell structure is preferred because it has sufficient suction cup function and exhibits high suction power. The suction portions 32 formed from a foamed resin with an open-cell structure easily release air when a load is applied, acting like a suction cup and firmly adhering to the base layer C. As a result, a floor sheet material 3 having suction portions 32 formed from such a foamed resin is less likely to slip. On the other hand, when the applied load is removed and the compression is released, the air gradually returns to the interior of the open-cell structure, weakening the adhesion of the floor sheet material 3 to the base layer C and allowing the floor sheet material 3 to be removed relatively easily. In this way, when a foamed resin with an open-cell structure is used as the suction portions 32, a floor sheet material 3 that is less likely to slip and is easy to remove can be provided. The material of the foamed resin is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include thermoplastic resins such as acrylic resin, urethane resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, epoxy resin, acrylic ester, and polyester. Because of its excellent adhesion, it is preferable to use foamed acrylic resin, which is obtained by foaming acrylic resin, as the material for forming the adsorption portion 32. The foaming ratio of the foamed resin is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.1 times or more and 6 times or less, more preferably 1.6 times or more and 5 times or less, and particularly preferably 1.6 times or more and less than 3 times, from the viewpoints of sufficient adhesion to the base layer C and reducing the risk of material damage.

[0050] The suction portions 32 may be provided in a solid manner over the entire back surface of the sheet body 31 (not shown). In the illustrated example, the suction portions 32 are not provided over the entire sheet body 31, but are provided partially on the back surface of the sheet body 31. In other words, the back surface of the sheet body 31 is partially exposed on the back surface of the floor sheet material 3. By having the exposed portion, the height of the suction portions 32 can be relatively increased. In particular, suction portions 32 formed from foamed resin with an open-cell structure contain more air in the height direction, so that suction portions 32 with a relatively large height can discharge more air when compressed, thereby improving suction power. However, one method for forming the partial suction portions 32 is to apply a solid coating of the material for forming the suction portions 32 to the back surface of the sheet body 31, and then scrape off the material in areas where no suction portions will be formed. When forming partial suction portions 32 in this manner (for example, suction portions 32 consisting of multiple band-shaped protrusions in a plan view, as shown in FIG. 14), it should be noted that when partial suction portions 32 are formed in this manner, the material for forming the suction portions may remain in the form of a very thin film in areas on the back surface of the sheet body 32 where no suction portions 32 will be formed. In order to clearly show the range in which the suction portions 32 are formed, the suction portions 32 are shaded in Fig. 14 for the sake of convenience. It is preferable that similar suction portions 32 are also provided on the floor sheet material 3 in Fig. 15.

[0051] In the illustrated example, the suction portions 32 are composed of multiple convex portions protruding from the back surface of the sheet body 31 at intervals. For example, the suction portions 32 are composed of multiple convex portions that are strip-shaped in plan view and protrude vertically from the back surface of the sheet body 31. Each strip-shaped suction portion 32 extends in a first direction of the floor sheet material 3, and the multiple suction portions 32 are arranged parallel to each other in a second direction of the floor sheet material 3. If the suction portions 32 are made of suction foam, they will expand in a direction perpendicular to the height direction when compressed and deformed. However, this expansion is absorbed by the recesses, i.e., the gaps where no convex portions are formed. By forming the suction portions 32 in a convex shape, the spaces between the convex portions serve as relief portions that absorb deformation of the suction portions 32, thereby improving the suction power of the suction portions 32. Furthermore, when the suction portion 32 is formed to have a linear recess (a gap where no protrusion is formed) as in the illustrated example, and the suction portion 32 is formed from a foamed resin with an open-cell structure, the air that escapes under load is smoothly guided to the linear recess. Although not specifically shown, the band-shaped suction portions 32 may be formed in a wavy or serpentine shape in a plan view. By forming them in such a wavy or serpentine shape, the suction portions 32 are present in places on both side edges in the second direction of the floor sheet material 3, preventing the edges from lifting. The suction portions 32 may also be formed in a dotted shape, such as a substantially circular, elliptical, triangular, or rectangular shape in a plan view. The cross-sectional shape of the suction portion 32 consisting of the convex portion is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a substantially semi-elliptical shape as shown in Figures 16 and 17, as well as a substantially semi-circular arc shape, a substantially rectangular shape, a substantially triangular shape, etc. The cross-sectional shape of the convex portion is preferably a substantially semi-elliptical shape or a substantially semi-circular arc shape, because when the floor sheet material 3 is laid, it deforms evenly and adheres well to the base layer C. The cross-sectional shapes of the multiple convex portions may all be the same shape, or some of the convex portions may have different cross-sectional shapes.

[0052] The height t7 of the protrusions (adsorption portions 32) is not particularly limited, but if it is too small, it may not be effective in preventing slippage of the floor sheet material 3, so it is, for example, 0.05 mm to 1 mm, and preferably 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. The height t7 of the protrusions (adsorption portions 32) is the vertical length from the base of the protrusion to the apex of the protrusion, as shown in Fig. 16. The width w7 of the convex portion (adhesive portion 32) is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of effectively preventing the floor sheet material 3 from shifting or slipping and facilitating the removal of the laid floor sheet material 3 from the base layer C, the width w7 of the convex portion is preferably 1 mm or more and 20 mm or less, and more preferably 1.5 mm or more and 5 mm or less. Note that if the shape of the convex portion in plan view is band-shaped and the width is not uniform, the width w7 of the convex portion corresponds to the width at the widest point. Similarly, if the shape of the convex portion in plan view is dot-like or another shape, the width w7 is the width at the widest point. The spacing w8 between adjacent protrusions (adhesive portions 32) is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of effectively preventing the floor sheet material 3 from shifting or slipping and making it easy to remove the laid floor sheet material 3 from the base layer C, the spacing w8 between adjacent protrusions is preferably 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less, and more preferably 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less. The spacing between each protrusion may be different or the same. To ensure uniform adhesion to the base layer C, it is preferable that the spacing between each protrusion is the same. Furthermore, the width w7 of the protrusions (adsorption portions 32) and the spacing w8 of the protrusions (adsorption portions 32) may be the same, or one of them may be larger. In the illustrated example, the width w7 of the protrusions is larger than the spacing w8 of the protrusions.

[0053] [Construction method for shock-absorbing floor structure] The shock absorbing floor structure A of the present invention can be constructed, for example, by the following procedure. The shock absorbing material 1 is laid on the installation surface B, which is the construction site. Since the shock absorbing material 1 can simultaneously lay many structures in one installation operation, it is preferable to use a plate-shaped material with multiple structures 11 arranged in series as described above. The impact absorbing material 1 may be adhered and fixed to the laying surface B via an adhesive, or may simply be placed on the laying surface B. Since the area ratio of the contact portion that comes into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3 becomes larger, it is preferable to lay the impact absorbing material 1 with the outer surface 112a of the second surface portion 112 facing the laying surface B, and since reflection of the floor sheet material 3 can be suppressed, it is preferable to lay the impact absorbing material 1 of the second embodiment described above.

[0054] Fig. 18 is a plan view seen from the front side of the state in which the impact absorbing material 1 is laid on the laying surface B. Note that in Fig. 18, the structure on the right and bottom sides of the page is omitted. For example, as shown in FIG. 18, the edges of the impact absorbing materials 1 of the second embodiment are brought into contact with the room wall B1 side, and the impact absorbing materials 1 are lined up in order without any gaps. Next, the floor sheet material 3 is laid on the impact absorbing material 1 (base layer C).

[0055] Figure 19 is a plan view from the surface side showing the state in which floor sheet material 3 is laid on top of impact absorbing material 1 (base layer C) and the edges 3a, 3a of adjacent floor sheet materials 3 are joined, with the outline of the impact absorbing material 1 shown by small dashed lines.

[0056] Either a long strip of floor sheet material 3 or a sheet of floor sheet material 3 may be used, but it is preferable to use a long strip of floor sheet material 3 because the floor sheet material 3 can be laid over almost the entire first direction in a single operation. The floor sheet material 3 laid on the impact absorbing material 1 comes into contact with the contact portions of the impact absorbing material 1, that is, the outer surface 111a of the first surface portion 111 and the outer surface 116a of the protruding portion 116. The edges 3a, 3a of adjacent floor sheet materials 3, 3 are butted together and the edges 3a, 3a are joined using a bonding agent 41. A welding rod made of thermoplastic resin, seam liquid, etc. can be used as the bonding agent 41. For example, as shown in Figure 20, a heated welding rod is adhered to the edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet materials 3, 3 to join the seams. It is preferable to form a groove 7 at the joint before the joining. The groove 7 functions as a guide groove when the joining agent 41 is received. Thereafter, the edges 3a, 3a of all the floor sheet materials 3 are joined together with the joining agent 41 in the same manner.

[0057] After joining, in order to remove excess adhesive, it is preferable to apply a cutting tool such as a peeling cutter or spatula knife to the surface of the floor sheet material 3 and scrape it over the surface of the floor sheet material 3 to remove any remaining adhesive that has risen above the surface of the floor sheet material 3. In this way, a joint 4 having a flat surface that is approximately flush with the surface of the floor sheet material 3 can be formed, as shown in Figure 3.

[0058] In the above embodiment, the shock absorbing materials 1 are arranged without gaps on the laying surface B to construct a base layer C consisting only of the shock absorbing materials 1, but the shock absorbing materials 1 may also be arranged while placing spacer members between them. As shown in Figure 21, an impact absorbing floor structure A, in which spacer members 2 are interposed between impact absorbing materials 1, has a floor sheet material 3 laid on a base layer C having impact absorbing materials 1 and spacer members 2. By placing the edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet material 3 on the spacer members 2, the joining work of the edges can be easily carried out. The spacer member 2 may be made of a hard material or a resilient material, but is preferably made of a resilient material that deforms when subjected to a load and returns to its original shape when the load is released, similar to the shock absorbing material 1. For example, the spacer member 2 may be a rod-shaped body made of foamed resin, elastomer including rubber, or the like. [Example]

[0059] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0060] [Example 1] On a flat conveyor that had been subjected to a release treatment, a vinyl chloride composition for forming a backside resin layer was applied in a layer of approximately 0.7 mm thickness, and then a 40 g / m2 film was applied on top of that. 2 A glass nonwoven fabric was placed on top of the glass nonwoven fabric, a vinyl chloride composition for forming an intermediate layer was applied in a layer approximately 0.2 mm thick on top of the glass nonwoven fabric, a vinyl chloride resin sheet 0.01 mm thick with a printed design was placed on top of that, a vinyl chloride composition for forming a surface resin layer was applied in a layer approximately 0.3 mm thick on top of that, and a UV-curable resin composition for forming a protective layer 0.02 mm thick was further applied on top of that to produce a laminate. The vinyl chloride composition for forming the backside resin layer is composed of 58% by weight of paste vinyl chloride resin (K value: 68), 27.5% by weight of plasticizer (DOP), 0.5% by weight of foaming agent (ADCA), 13% by weight of filler (calcium carbonate), and 1% by weight of stabilizer, with the total being 100% by weight. The vinyl chloride composition for forming the intermediate layer is composed of 44% by weight of paste vinyl chloride resin (K value: 68), 26% by weight of plasticizer (DOP), 29% by weight of filler (calcium carbonate), and 1% by weight of stabilizer, with the total being 100% by weight. The vinyl chloride composition for forming the surface resin layer is composed of 68% by weight of paste vinyl chloride resin (K value: 94), 29% by weight of plasticizer (DOP), and 3% by weight of stabilizer, with the total being 100% by weight. The ultraviolet-curable resin composition for forming the protective layer was a urethane acrylate ultraviolet-curable resin paint (product name "Olex UV-149" manufactured by Chugoku Paint Co., Ltd.).

[0061] The laminate was heated to 200°C to foam the vinyl chloride composition for the backside resin layer and gel the vinyl chloride compositions for each layer. The foaming ratio of the backside resin layer was set to approximately 1.7 times. The laminate was then irradiated with ultraviolet light to cure the ultraviolet-curable resin composition. In this way, a long, strip-shaped sheet body approximately 2 mm thick was produced, consisting of, from the surface side, a protective layer approximately 0.02 mm thick, a surface resin layer approximately 0.3 mm thick, a design layer (A) approximately 0.01 mm thick, an intermediate layer approximately 0.25 mm thick, a fiber reinforcement layer approximately 0.3 mm thick, and a foamed backside resin layer approximately 1.12 mm thick.

[0062] After the sheet body was prepared, an adsorption portion was formed on the rear surface of the sheet body. Specifically, an acrylic resin containing a foaming agent was applied in a solid layer to the back of the sheet body, and excess acrylic resin was scraped off with a comb-shaped scraping tool (blade width 1.5 mm, blade spacing 3 mm).Then, the sheet was heated to 170°C to form an adsorption part made of acrylic resin foam with an expansion ratio of approximately 2 times. The suction portion made of such acrylic resin foam consists of a plurality of protrusions that are band-shaped in plan view and semi-elliptical in cross section, extending along the first direction (longitudinal direction), as shown in Fig. 14. The height t7 of the protrusions was 0.1 mm, the width w7 of the protrusions was 3 mm, and the spacing w8 between the protrusions was 1.5 mm (see Fig. 16 for symbols t7, w7, and w8). This sheet body provided with the suction portion was used as the floor sheet material of Example 1.

[0063] [Comparative Example 1] The floor sheet material of Comparative Example 1 was a product named "SF Floor NW" manufactured by Toli Co., Ltd. This floor sheet material is a vinyl chloride floor sheet having a thickness of 2.8 mm and a long strip shape in plan view.

[0064] Comparative Example 2 The floor sheet material of Comparative Example 2 was a product named "Caresafe NW" manufactured by Toli Co., Ltd. This floor sheet material is a vinyl chloride floor sheet having a thickness of 4.5 mm and a long strip shape in plan view.

[0065] Comparative Example 3 The floor sheet material of Comparative Example 3 was a product named "Non-Waxlum NW" manufactured by Toli Co., Ltd. This floor sheet material is a vinyl chloride floor sheet having a thickness of 2.0 mm and a long strip shape in plan view.

[0066] Comparative Example 4 The floor sheet material of Comparative Example 4 was a product named "Mature NW" manufactured by Toli Co., Ltd. This floor sheet material is a vinyl chloride floor sheet having a thickness of 2.0 mm and a long strip shape in plan view.

[0067] Comparative Example 5 The floor sheet material of Comparative Example 5 was a vinyl chloride floor sheet manufactured by Toli Industries, Inc., with a product name of "SF Floor NW" and a thickness of 3.2 mm in a long strip in plan view, with an adhesive portion similar to that of Example 1 formed on the back surface. The method of forming the suction portion and the configuration of the suction portion are the same as those in Example 1, so please refer to that.

[0068] [Measuring the sagging amount of floor sheet material] The floor sheet materials of the examples and comparative examples were measured for sagging at 23° C. according to the following measurement method. The results are shown in Table 1. The floor sheet material was cut into a sample piece having a first length of 5 cm and a second length of 40 cm, which was then placed in a thermostatic chamber at 23°C and a humidity of 50% RH and left for 24 hours. Separately, a measurement base and ruler were prepared as shown in Figure 22(a). The bases were rectangular parallelepipeds with a height of 30 cm or more and an area significantly larger than the sample piece, and consisted of a pair of left and right bases. The right base could be moved toward or away from the left base, as indicated by the two-dot chain line in the figure. In a room at 23°C and normal temperature and pressure, the left side of a 10 cm long sample piece was placed on the left base, and the right side of a 30 cm long sample piece was placed on the right base (see Figure 1(b)). As shown in Figure 1(c), a fixing weight was placed on the surface of the left side of the sample piece, and the right base was removed by moving it away from the left base. After 10 seconds, the amount of sagging of the right side of the sample piece was measured with a ruler. The ruler was placed 10 cm away from the side of the left base so that the scale edge of the ruler was aligned, as shown in Figure 1(c). The amount of drooping was defined as the linear length (unit: mm) between the intersection of the scale edge of the installed ruler and the right surface of the sample piece, and the left surface of the sample piece on the left base, as shown in Figure 1(c). The smaller the amount of drooping, the greater (harder) the bending rigidity, and the greater the amount of drooping, the smaller (softer) the bending rigidity.

[0069] [Measurement of stiffness of floor sheet material] The stiffness of the floor sheet materials of the Examples and Comparative Examples was measured at 23° C. according to the following measurement method. The results are shown in Table 1. The floor sheet material was cut into a sample piece with a first direction length of 2.5 cm and a second direction length of 10 cm, and then measured using an Olsen stiffness tester (manufactured by Yasuda Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd., product name "No. 118 Olsen type stiffness tester") using the following procedure. (1) Place the sample piece and the testing machine in a temperature-controlled room at 23°C and 50% RH and leave them for 24 hours. (2) Place the testing machine on a roughly horizontal table and adjust the horizontal adjustment screw using a spirit level to make it level. (3) Set the distance between the supports using a straightedge (150 mm, JIS C type Class 1) and secure it with the support fixing screw. (4) Remove the stopper, set the deviation angle scale plate free, and balance it with the balance weight so that the disc can stop anywhere. (5) Apply the specified load shown in (10) below to the weight hanger and confirm that the load scale needle points to 0 on the load scale plate. (6) Continuously, inch the inching selector switch, push the start / reverse switch to start or reverse, and release the switch when the deviation angle scale pointer reaches deviation angle scale 0 to stop. (7) Place the sample piece on the chuck with the surface facing up, switch the continuous / inching changeover switch to continuous, turn the switch to ON in the start direction, and rotate the turntable to the right. (8) After reading the load scale when the deflection angle scale pointer reaches the specified deflection angle, stop it, return it to its original position with the reverse switch, and remove the sample piece. (9) The thickness of the sample piece is measured with a micrometer. (10) Measurements were carried out in a room at room temperature and pressure of 23°C, with the distance between support points of the testing machine set to 20 (mm), the load (LB) to 2, and the reading angle (degrees) to 4. The results were substituted into the following formula based on JIS K7106-1995, 8.3 (6) to calculate the stiffness (kg / cm 2 ) was calculated. Formula: 4 x (distance between supports) x (load) x (reading value) x (constant) ÷ (length of sample piece in first direction) ÷ (thickness of sample piece) 3 ÷100÷(reading angle). In addition, the "distance between supports," "load," and "reading angle" in the above formula are as described in (10) above, the "reading value" is the value read from the load scale described in (8) above, the "constant" is 2.30, the "first direction length of the sample piece" is as described above, and the "thickness of the sample piece" is as described in (9) above.

[0070] [Measurement of dents in floor sheet material] The floor sheet materials of the examples and comparative examples were measured for depression at 23° C. according to the following measurement method. The results are shown in Table 1. The floor sheet material was cut to a length of 10 cm in the first direction and 10 cm in the second direction to obtain sample pieces, and then the dent value was measured in accordance with JIS A 1454:2016 (Test method for polymer-based flooring materials) using a McBurney dent tester (manufactured by Yasuda Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) in a room at 23°C, room temperature, and normal pressure.

[0071] [Table 1]

[0072] [Measurement of G-value of floor sheet material] The G values ​​of the floor sheet materials of the Examples and Comparative Examples were measured at 23° C. according to the following measurement method. The results are shown in Table 2. The floor sheet material was cut to a first dimension of 30 cm and a second dimension of 30 cm to obtain sample pieces, which were then measured in accordance with JIS A 6519:2013 (Floor hardness testing method) in a room at 23°C, normal temperature and pressure. Specifically, a sample piece was fixed to a flat concrete surface with the back side facing the flat surface using commercially available double-sided adhesive tape. A weight (3.75 kgf) modeled after a human head was dropped onto the surface of the sample piece from predetermined heights (45.47 mm, 79.71 mm, 115.93 mm, 177.18 mm, and 239.96 mm from the flat concrete surface), and the maximum acceleration (G value) was measured using an accelerometer. The smaller the G value, the better the shock absorption.

[0073] [Table 2]

[0074] [Creating a shock-absorbing floor structure] An impact absorbing material was prepared in which 10 x 10 structures shown in Figures 9 to 11 were connected together in a length x width arrangement. The outer width w1 of the structure was 30 mm, the inner width w2 was 23 mm, the width w3 was 20 mm, the width w4 was 18 mm, the height h1 was 20 mm, the height h2 was 10 mm, the thickness t1 was 3 mm, the thickness t2 was 1.5 mm, the thickness t3 was 1 mm, and the width L1 was 5 mm (see Figures 7 and 10 for symbols w1, etc.). This impact absorbing material was made by integrally molding the multiple structures using a thermoplastic elastomer.

[0075] The shock absorbing material was laid without any gaps on a flat concrete surface measuring 60 cm long x 120 cm wide to form a base layer. As shown in Figure 3, the shock absorbing material was laid with the outer surface 112a of the second surface portion 112 facing the flat surface. The floor sheet material of Example 1 was laid on the base layer to construct the impact absorbing floor structure of Example 1. The floor sheet material of Example 1 was laid without applying any adhesive because it could be sufficiently fixed to the base layer by the suction portion without using any adhesive.

[0076] For Comparative Examples 1 to 4, the floor sheet materials of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were laid on top of the base layer (shock absorbing material) in the same manner as in Example 1, except that commercially available adhesive was applied to the backside of each floor sheet material and then laid on top of the base layer, and each shock absorbing floor structure was constructed. The floor sheet material having suction portions of Comparative Example 5 was laid without applying adhesive because it could be sufficiently fixed to the base layer by the suction portions without using adhesive.

[0077] [Impact absorption test] In order to confirm the impact absorbing properties of the impact absorbing floor structures of the Examples and Comparative Examples, the following test was carried out in a room at room temperature and normal pressure of 23°C. <Sinkage of impact-absorbing floor structure> As shown in Figure 23(a), a cart with a total weight of 24.6 kg was placed on the surface of the floor sheet material of the shock-absorbing floor structure, and a laser beam was applied to one arbitrary point on the cart using a laser irradiation device (product name "Auto Line Laser ATL-11" manufactured by Muratec KDS Co., Ltd.) to mark that position. Next, as shown in Figure 23(b), a 20 kg weight was placed on the cart, and the height difference (mm) between the position of the laser beam on the cart with the weight on it and the marked point was measured. The height difference is the vertical distance between the fixed point and the marked point, and corresponds to the amount of sinking (mm). The weight of the weight was changed to 40 kg, 80 kg, 100 kg, 120 kg, and 160 kg, and the sinking amount (mm) of the shock-absorbing floor structure was measured in the same manner.

[0078] <Sinking amount of floor sheet material only> Next, a commercially available adhesive was applied to the same area of ​​a flat concrete surface, and only the floor sheet materials of the Examples and Comparative Examples were adhered thereto. A cart was placed on the surface of this floor sheet material to make marks, in the same manner as in the above <Sinking amount of impact absorbing floor structure>, and then the specified weights were placed on it to measure the sinking amount of the floor sheet material. These two sinking amounts were substituted into the following formula to calculate the sinking amount of the impact absorbing material. The results are shown in Table 3. Formula: Amount of sinking of shock absorbing material (mm) = Amount of sinking of shock absorbing floor structure - Amount of sinking of floor sheet material only. The reason for measuring the amount of sinking of the impact absorbing floor structure in the manner described above is that the amount of sinking of the impact absorbing floor structure is affected by factors such as differences in the thickness of the floor sheet material, and therefore it is necessary to accurately evaluate the deformation of the impact absorbing material itself when each floor sheet material is laid.

[0079] [Table 3]

[0080] It can be seen that the shock absorbing material of the shock absorbing floor structure of Example 1 effectively deforms in response to the load compared to Comparative Examples 1 to 5. This means that the floor sheet material of Example 1 is less likely to impair the shock absorbing ability of the shock absorbing material. In particular, Example 1 sinks more as the load increases, demonstrating excellent shock absorbing effect. [Explanation of symbols]

[0081] A. Shock-absorbing floor structure B Laying surface C Base layer D. Covering layer 1. Shock absorber 3. Floor sheet material 31 Seat body 32 Adsorption part

Claims

1. a plurality of shock absorbing materials provided on the installation surface to absorb shock; a floor sheet material having a sheet body and an adsorption portion provided on the back surface of the sheet body; the floor sheet material is provided on the shock absorbing material and fixed to the shock absorbing material by the suction portion, the sheet body has a surface resin layer containing a vinyl chloride resin and 15% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less of a plasticizer, an intermediate layer containing a vinyl chloride resin laminated on the back surface side of the surface resin layer, and a back layer laminated on the back surface side of the intermediate layer and containing a fiber reinforcement layer and a back resin layer, the fiber reinforcement layer being a nonwoven fabric or woven fabric containing glass fiber with a basis weight of 10 g / m 2 to 120 g / m 2, the back resin layer containing a vinyl chloride resin and 10% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less of a plasticizer, The thickness of the sheet body is 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less, The thickness of the surface resin layer is 0.2 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less, An impact-absorbing floor structure in which, when the floor sheet material is not placed on the impact-absorbing material, the sagging amount at 23°C is 100 mm or more and 130 mm or less, the rigidity at 23°C is 0.5 kg / cm2 or less, and the depression at 23°C is 0.7 mm or more and 0.85 mm or less.

2. An impact-absorbing floor structure as described in claim 1, wherein the back resin layer is a foamed resin layer.

3. An impact-absorbing floor structure as described in claim 1, wherein the suction portion is formed from an adhesive.

4. 4. The shock absorbing floor structure according to claim 1, wherein the shock absorbing material has a structure having a frustum-shaped outer shape and a recess on a side that is not substantially parallel to the installation surface.

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