Radiators, concrete structures, radiant units, and heating and cooling systems

Abstract

To provide a radiation body efficiently transferring heat held by a heat medium, a concrete structure, a radiation unit, and an air conditioning system.SOLUTION: A radiation body 10 includes: an air feeding cylinder 11 in which a gas heat medium A flows; and a collecting / dispersing member 12 allowing the heat medium A flowing in the air feeding cylinder 11 to flow along an inner wall of the air feeding cylinder 11. The collecting / dispersing member 12 has a guide member 13 and a direction conversion member 17 disposed at its downstream side. The guide member 13 leads the heat medium A to an axial direction of the air feeding cylinder 11, and the direction conversion member 17 changes a flowing direction of the heat medium A passing through the guide member 13 to the flow along the inner wall. The plurality of collecting / dispersing members 12 are axially arranged at intervals. A concrete structure includes the radiation body 10 and concrete for covering its circumference. A radiation unit includes the radiation body 10 and a reflection plate disposed near the same. An air conditioning system includes the concrete structure or the radiation unit, and a temperature controller for controlling a temperature of the heat medium A.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

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[0001] The present disclosure relates to a radiator, a concrete structure, a radiation unit, and a heating and cooling system, and particularly to a radiator, a concrete structure, a radiation unit, and a heating and cooling system with improved heat transfer efficiency from a heat medium.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, as a heating and cooling method that achieves both energy conservation and comfort, the use of a radiant heating and cooling system that performs heating and cooling by radiant heat has been increasing. The radiant heating and cooling system is a system that cools or heats a member (ceiling, floor, wall, etc.) facing the heating and cooling target space, and performs heating and cooling of the target space by radiant heat from the cooled or heated member. As a member used in the radiant heating and cooling system, there is a partition panel that provides a plurality of channels for flowing temperature-controlled air on the back side of a surface plate facing the target space, and transfers the heat of the air flowing through these channels to the surface plate, and radiates cold or warm heat from the surface plate (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

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Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In heating and cooling by radiation, if more cold or warm heat held by air can be transferred to a member that radiates cold or warm heat, heating and cooling can be performed more effectively, which also contributes to energy conservation.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present disclosure relates to providing a radiator, a concrete structure, a radiation unit unit unit, and a heating and cooling system that can efficiently transfer cold or warm heat held by a heat medium.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] A radiator according to a first aspect of the present disclosure comprises a supply cylinder through which a gaseous heat transfer medium flows, and a concentrating / dispersing member provided inside the supply cylinder, which causes the heat transfer medium flowing through the supply cylinder to flow along the inner wall of the supply cylinder, wherein the concentrating / dispersing member includes a guide member and a direction changing member positioned downstream of the guide member in the direction of the flow of the heat transfer medium, the guide member directs the portion of the heat transfer medium flowing adjacent to the inner wall toward the axis of the supply cylinder, the direction changing member changes the flow direction of the heat transfer medium that has passed through the guide member toward a flow along the inner wall, and a plurality of concentrating / dispersing members are provided at intervals in the direction in which the axis extends.

[0007] With this configuration, when the heat transfer medium, which is gathered towards the axis by the guide member, becomes a flow along the inner wall by the direction changing member, the cold or heat contained in the heat transfer medium is efficiently transferred to the air supply cylinder, allowing the air supply cylinder to emit cold or heat.

[0008] Furthermore, the radiator according to the second aspect of the present disclosure is the radiator according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, wherein the guide member has a peripheral plate that closes the peripheral edge inside the air supply cylinder in a cross section in a direction intersecting the axis, and a through hole is formed inside the peripheral plate through which the heat transfer medium can pass.

[0009] With this configuration, the heat transfer medium, whose path is blocked by the peripheral plate, will pass through the through-holes in the direction of the axis, allowing the heat transfer medium to be concentrated towards the axis with a simple configuration.

[0010] Furthermore, in the third aspect of the present disclosure, the radiator is a radiator according to the first or second aspect of the present disclosure, wherein the direction changing member is formed in the shape of a cone, the apex of the cone is located on the upstream side in the flow direction of the heat medium, and a gap is formed between the bottom of the cone and the inner wall of the air supply cylinder, and the guide member and the direction changing member are arranged at a predetermined distance apart.

[0011] With this configuration, the heat transfer medium flowing along the side of the cone increases in flow velocity as it flows through the gaps, allowing the cold or hot energy contained in the heat transfer medium to be efficiently transferred to the air supply cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the radiator according to the fourth aspect of the present disclosure is a radiator according to the first or second aspect of the present disclosure, wherein the direction changing member is a swirling flow generating member that causes the heat transfer medium that has passed through the guide member to become a swirling flow that swirls in the circumferential direction of the air supply cylinder in a cross section in a direction intersecting the axis.

[0013] With this configuration, the time that the heat transfer medium passes through the direction changing member and is in contact with the inner wall of the air supply cylinder can be extended, allowing a relatively large amount of the cold or heat contained in the heat transfer medium to be transferred to the air supply cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, the radiator according to the fifth aspect of the present disclosure is the radiator according to the fourth aspect of the present disclosure, wherein the swirling flow generating member has a receiving plate whose surface extends in a direction intersecting the direction in which the axis extends, and a side wall plate provided on the surface of the receiving plate facing the guide member and erected toward the guide member, wherein the side wall plate extends in a curved manner from the axis toward the inner wall.

[0015] With this configuration, a swirling flow of the heat transfer medium can be generated with a simple setup.

[0016] Furthermore, a concrete structure according to the sixth aspect of the present disclosure comprises a radiator according to any one of the first to fifth aspects of the present disclosure, and concrete covering the radiator.

[0017] With this configuration, the cold or heat emitted by the air supply pipe is transferred to the concrete, and the cold or heat can be radiated from the surface of the concrete.

[0018] Further, the radiation unit according to the seventh aspect of the present disclosure includes a radiator according to any one of the first to fifth aspects of the present disclosure, and a reflector disposed near the radiator, the reflector reflecting the heat radiated from the radiator in a predetermined direction.

[0019] With this configuration, the cold or warm heat radiated from the air supply cylinder can be radiated in a predetermined direction by the reflector.

[0020] Further, the air conditioning system according to the eighth aspect of the present disclosure includes the concrete structure according to the sixth aspect of the present disclosure or the radiation unit according to the seventh aspect of the present disclosure, and a temperature regulator that regulates the temperature of the heat medium flowing into the air supply cylinder.

[0021] With this configuration, the heat medium with the regulated temperature can be made to flow into the air supply cylinder, and the heat possessed by the heat medium is transmitted to the concrete or the reflector through the air supply cylinder, and the air conditioning of the air conditioning target space can be performed by the radiation of the cold or warm heat from the concrete or the reflector.

Advantages of the Invention

[0022] According to the present disclosure, when the heat medium collected near the axis by the guide member becomes a flow along the inner wall by the direction conversion member, the cold or warm heat possessed by the heat medium is efficiently transmitted to the air supply cylinder, and the air supply cylinder can emit cold or warm heat.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] [Figure 1] (A) is a side cross-sectional view of a radiator according to an embodiment, (B) is a perspective view of a concentration / dispersion member included in the radiator, and (C) is an enlarged partial side cross-sectional view of the radiator. [Figure 2] It is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an air conditioning system according to an embodiment. [Figure 3](A) is an exploded perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an air conditioning system according to a modification of an embodiment, and (B) is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an air conditioning system according to a modification of an embodiment. [Figure 4] (A) is a side sectional view of a radiator according to a modification of an embodiment, (B) is an exploded perspective view of a distribution member included in the radiator, (C) is a perspective view of the distribution member, and (D) is a front view of the distribution member.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0024] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. In each figure, members that are the same or corresponding to each other are given the same or similar reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted.

[0025] First, referring to FIGS. 1(A) to 1(C), the radiator 10 according to an embodiment will be described. FIG. 1(A) is a side sectional view of the radiator 10, FIG. 1(B) is a perspective view of the distribution member 12 included in the radiator 10, and FIG. 1(C) is an enlarged side sectional view of the radiator 10. The radiator 10 has air (hereinafter referred to as "temperature-controlled air A") whose temperature is adjusted as a gaseous heat medium flowing inside, and radiates cold or warm heat from the outer surface that has been cooled or heated by the transfer of the cold or warm heat held by the temperature-controlled air A. Here, when the outer surface of the radiator 10 is cooled to radiate cold heat, the outer surface of the radiator 10, which is lower in temperature than the surroundings, absorbs heat from the surroundings. For the sake of convenience, it is expressed that the radiator 10 radiates cold heat. The radiator 10 includes an air supply cylinder 11 and a distribution member 12.

[0026] The air supply tube 11 is a component through which temperature-controlled air A flows, forming a flow path for the temperature-controlled air A. The air supply tube 11 is a cylindrical component with open surfaces at both ends. Typically, a spiral duct is used for the air supply tube 11, but a rectangular duct may also be used. In other words, the shape of the cross-section of the air supply tube 11 perpendicular to the cylindrical axis is typically a circle, but it may be a rectangle or other polygon, or an ellipse. Here, the cylindrical axis is an imaginary line that passes through the centroid of the shape on a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical shape and extends in that longitudinal direction. The air supply tube 11 is typically made of steel plate, but it may also be made of a metal other than steel plate or of resin. When a spiral duct is used for the air supply tube 11, for example, a diameter of 100 mm to 250 mm or 150 mm to 200 mm may be used, but the diameter can be appropriately changed depending on the application. The air supply cylinder 11 may be formed as a single integrated duct, or multiple ducts may be connected axially to form a single duct.

[0027] In this embodiment, the collecting and dispersing member 12 increases the flow velocity of the temperature-controlled air A flowing inside the air supply cylinder 11, along the inner wall of the air supply cylinder 11, and includes a guide member 13 and a direction changing member 17. Multiple collecting and dispersing members 12 are provided inside the air supply cylinder 11. In this embodiment, the distance between adjacent collecting and dispersing members 12 is 300 mm to 600 mm, preferably 400 mm to 500 mm, but it may also be 2 to 6 times, or 3 to 4 to 5 times, the diameter of the air supply cylinder 11, or other distances depending on the situation. The distance between adjacent collecting and dispersing members 12 here is the distance between the reference positions of the collecting and dispersing members 12, for example, the distance between each guide member 13. In this embodiment, the multiple collecting and dispersing members 12 are attached to a shaft 31 to maintain their relative distances. The shaft 31 is positioned on the axis of the air supply cylinder 11.

[0028] By referring to Figure 1(B), the configurations of the guide member 13 and the direction changing member 17 can be understood in more detail. The guide member 13 is a member that brings the temperature-controlled air A flowing through the air supply cylinder 11, specifically the air flowing near the inner wall of the air supply cylinder 11, closer to the inside of the air supply cylinder 11 (in the direction of the axis of the air supply cylinder 11). In this embodiment, since the guide member 13 is installed inside a spiral duct with a circular cross-section, it is formed by processing a disc-shaped member. The outer diameter of the guide member 13 is formed to be substantially the same as the inner diameter of the air supply cylinder 11. Here, "substantially the same as the inner diameter of the air supply cylinder 11" means that ideally they are the same size, but it also means that the outer diameter of the guide member 13 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the air supply cylinder 11 so that it can be installed inside the air supply cylinder 11.

[0029] The guide member 13 has an annular peripheral plate 14 with a predetermined width (the radial length of the disc) on its outer circumference. The predetermined width of the peripheral plate 14 may be about 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the radius of the disc of the guide member 13, typically about 1 / 3 of the radius of the disc. The guide member 13 has hub spokes 15 and through holes 16 formed inside the peripheral plate 14. The hub spokes 15 is a collective term for the central part of the disc of the guide member 13 and the parts that connect this central part to the peripheral plate 14. In Figure 1(B), there are four parts connecting the central part of the hub spokes 15 to the peripheral plate 14, but there may be three, two, one, or five or more, and the area of ​​the central part should be as small as possible while still being able to support the peripheral plate 14. The area of ​​the central part of the hub spokes 15 should be as small as possible while still being able to be supported by the axle rod 31. The through-hole 16 is an opening that allows the temperature-controlled air A flowing inside the air supply cylinder 11 to pass through. All of the temperature-controlled air A that passes through the guide member 13 will pass through the through-hole 16. From the viewpoint of suppressing the generation of turbulence in the temperature-controlled air A passing through the through-hole 16, it is preferable that the entire hub spoke 15 has as small an area as possible.

[0030] The direction changing member 17 is a member that changes the direction of the temperature-controlled air A that has passed through the guide member 13 so that it flows toward the inner wall of the air supply cylinder 11. The direction changing member 17 has a cone portion 18 and a cylindrical portion 19. The cone portion 18 is a part that has the shape of a cone, and in this embodiment it is formed in a conical shape. The angle between the axis of the cone portion 18 (corresponding to the part through which the shaft rod 31 passes) and the side surface of the cone is often formed to be, for example, 30 to 60 degrees, and may be formed to be 45 degrees. The cylindrical portion 19 is a cylindrical member attached to the bottom of the cone portion 18 (the part corresponding to the bottom surface of the cone), and in this embodiment it is formed in a cylindrical shape. The diameter of the cylindrical cylindrical portion 19 is equal to the diameter of the bottom of the cone portion 18. Furthermore, the diameter of the cylindrical portion 19 is smaller than the inner diameter of the air supply cylinder 11, and is sized to create a gap 35 (see Figures 1(A) and 1(C)) between the cylindrical portion 19 and the inner wall of the air supply cylinder 11. The gap 35 is formed around the entire outer circumference of the cylindrical portion 19. The gap 35 is formed to increase the flow velocity of the temperature-controlled air A flowing inside the air supply cylinder 11, thereby removing or reducing the thickness of the stationary air (velocity boundary layer). From this viewpoint, the dimensions of the gap 35 should be such that the flow velocity of the temperature-controlled air A passing through it is approximately 3 m / s to 5 m / s. Taking these circumstances into consideration, the diameter of the cylindrical portion 19 may be, for example, 0.8 to 0.9 times the inner diameter of the air supply cylinder 11, or it may be 0.85 times. The entire direction-changing member 17, in which the cylindrical portion 19 is connected to the conical portion 18, is typically hollow from the viewpoint of weight reduction, but part or all of the inside may be filled with a substance (the substance that forms the direction-changing member 17 or a different substance).

[0031] The direction changing member 17 is positioned such that the apex of the cone portion 18 is on the side of the guide member 13 and the cylindrical portion 19 is on the side furthest from the guide member 13. The guide member 13 and the direction changing member 17 are preferably positioned at an interval such that the temperature-controlled air A that has passed through the guide member 13 reaches the direction changing member 17 as far outward as possible (towards the inner wall of the air supply cylinder 11). The distance between the guide member 13 and the rearmost part of the direction changing member 17 (the end of the cylindrical portion 19 located furthest downstream in the flow direction of the temperature-controlled air A) may be, for example, 50 mm to 100 mm, or about 0.5 to 1.2 times the inner diameter of the air supply cylinder 11. The guide member 13 and the direction changing member 17 are typically made of molded resin, but they may also be formed by processing metal such as steel plates. The guide member 13 and the direction changing member 17 may both be made of the same material, or they may each be made of different materials.

[0032] In the radiator 10 configured as described above, when temperature-controlled air A is supplied, the temperature-controlled air A flows in a generally laminar manner inside the air supply cylinder 11. As the temperature-controlled air A flows inside the air supply cylinder 11, it transmits the cold or heat it contains to the air supply cylinder 11. When the temperature-controlled air A flowing inside the air supply cylinder 11 reaches the position where the guide member 13 is located, the portion flowing on the outer circumference of the cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the air supply cylinder 11 is blocked by the peripheral plate 14 and flows toward the center of that cross-section (the direction of the shaft 31). The temperature-controlled air A, whose flow direction has been changed toward the shaft 31 by being blocked by the peripheral plate 14, passes through the passage hole 16 of the guide member 13 together with the temperature-controlled air A that was originally flowing on the inside side (axis side) of the air supply cylinder 11 and reaches the downstream side of the guide member 13. After passing through the guide member 13, the temperature-controlled air A flows a little further downstream and reaches the direction-changing member 17. The temperature-controlled air A that arrives at the direction-changing member 17 flows radially along the side of the cone-shaped section 18, diffusing outwards from the apex to the bottom. The temperature-controlled air A that reaches the bottom of the cone-shaped section 18 flows downstream of the direction-changing member 17 through the gap 35 formed between the outer surface of the cylindrical section 19 and the inner surface of the air supply cylinder 11. As the temperature-controlled air A passes through the gap 35, the flow path cross-sectional area becomes smaller compared to when it passes through the entire air supply cylinder 11, so the flow velocity increases and it flows at a speed of approximately 3 m / s to 5 m / s. As the flow velocity of the temperature-controlled air A passing through the gap 35 increases as described above, the still air (velocity boundary layer) that would be present near the inner wall of the air supply cylinder 11 if the flow velocity were slower is removed or its thickness is reduced, and the heat transfer coefficient increases. As the heat transfer coefficient increases, more of the cold or heat contained in the temperature-controlled air A is transferred to the air supply cylinder 11. Therefore, the radiator 10 can increase the amount of cold or warm heat released compared to the case where temperature-controlled air A is flowed through a simple duct that does not have anything inside (for example, a concentration / dispersion member 12). The temperature-controlled air A that has passed through one concentration / dispersion member 12 flows through the air supply cylinder 11 toward the downstream concentration / dispersion member 12, and the above action is repeated thereafter. The radiator 10 that operates in this manner can be applied to the following:

[0033] Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the schematic configuration of a heating and cooling system 100 according to one embodiment. The heating and cooling system 100 is typically installed inside a building and provides heating and cooling to the space within the building. Here, providing heating and cooling means providing either cooling or heating depending on the situation. The heating and cooling system 100 has the capability to provide either cooling or heating depending on the season, etc.

[0034] The heating and cooling system 100 includes a concrete structure 50 according to one embodiment. The concrete structure 50 is constructed by arranging a plurality of the above-mentioned radiators 10 in parallel on a virtual plane and covering them with concrete 51. The concrete 51 is integrally molded to cover the entire outer surface of the air supply cylinders 11 of the plurality of radiators 10, but does not cover both end faces of the air supply cylinders 11. In Figure 2, a portion of the concrete 51 is cut out to show the internal structure of the concrete 51. When the structure of the radiators 10 is referred to in the following description, please refer to Figures 1(A) to 1(C) as appropriate. The spacing between adjacent radiators 10 should be determined such that concrete 51 fills the space between them by 30 mm or more, preferably 40 mm or more, and more preferably 50 mm or more. In the directions perpendicular to the direction in which each radiator 10 is arranged (above and below when each radiator 10 is placed horizontally), the concrete cover 51 should be approximately 30mm, 40mm, and 50mm, respectively. The concrete 51 may be poured on-site (at the building construction site), or a precast concrete structure 50 manufactured in a factory may be transported to the site. When used as a floor (ceiling for the space below), the concrete structure 50, in which multiple radiators 10 are embedded in the concrete 51, can function as a void slab. In other words, the concrete structure 50 can be viewed as a void slab with collection and dispersion members 12 provided within the voids, or the air supply pipe 11 can be viewed as a void formwork. Therefore, when used as a floor, the concrete structure 50 can enjoy the advantages of a void slab, such as being able to create a highly rigid slab with high sound insulation and realizing a space without small beams.

[0035] The heating and cooling system 100 includes an air conditioner 61 in addition to the concrete structure 50 described above. The air conditioner 61 is a device that adjusts the temperature of the temperature-controlled air A and corresponds to a temperature controller. The air conditioner 61 may be placed in the space above the ceiling or in other spaces. The air conditioner 61 has a coil (not shown) and a fan (not shown). The coil cools or heats the temperature-controlled air A introduced into the air conditioner 61. The coil has a tube through which chilled water or hot water, whose temperature has been adjusted by a heat source (not shown), flows. The tube of the coil is provided with a large number of fins. The coil is configured to transfer heat from the chilled water or hot water to the temperature-controlled air A by passing the temperature-controlled air A between the large number of fins and exchanging heat between the chilled water or hot water and the temperature-controlled air A. The fan pumps the temperature-controlled air A, whose temperature has been adjusted by the coil, toward the radiator 10 of the concrete structure 50. Furthermore, the air conditioner 61 only needs to be able to adjust the temperature of the conditioned air A, and does not need to have a configuration for adjusting the humidity of the conditioned air A. However, if there is a risk of condensation occurring in the moisture contained in the conditioned air A supplied from the air conditioner 61, it is preferable that the air conditioner 61 has a configuration for adjusting the humidity of the conditioned air A in order to prevent condensation from occurring.

[0036] In this embodiment, the heating and cooling system 100 further includes a distribution duct 63, a collection duct 65, and a supply duct 68 for transporting temperature-controlled air A between the air conditioner 61 and the concrete structure 50. The distribution duct 63 is a component that distributes temperature-controlled air A to the air supply cylinders 11 of each radiator 10 within the concrete structure 50. The distribution duct 63 is formed in an elongated cylindrical shape in the direction (width direction) in which the multiple air supply cylinders 11 are lined up. The cross-sectional shape of the distribution duct 63 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is typically rectangular, but it may be circular, elliptical, or polygonal. The size of the distribution duct 63 in the longitudinal direction (size of the cylindrical side surface) is such that it encompasses the entire end face of each of the multiple radiators 10, and the end faces of each radiator 10 are connected to the cylindrical side surface. Preferably, the height of the side surface of the distribution duct 63 to which each radiator 10 is connected is the same as the thickness of the concrete structure 50. The distribution duct 63 and the radiators 10 are connected at their joint, allowing the temperature-controlled air A to flow from the distribution duct 63 into the radiators 10. The distribution duct 63 is a long, slender tube with an inlet 64 at one end for introducing the temperature-controlled air A. In this embodiment, the distribution duct 63 has no openings other than the connection point with the radiators 10 and the inlet 64, allowing all of the temperature-controlled air A introduced from the inlet 64 to be guided to each radiator 10.

[0037] The collection duct 65 is a component that collects the temperature-controlled air A that has flowed through each radiator 10. Typically, the collection duct 65 has the same size and shape as the distribution duct 63. However, it may have a different shape or size from the distribution duct 63 as long as it can perform the function of collecting the temperature-controlled air A. The length of the collection duct 65 (the size of the cylindrical side) is such that it encompasses the entire end face of each of the multiple radiators 10, and the end faces of each radiator 10 are connected to this cylindrical side. Preferably, the height of the side of the collection duct 65 to which each radiator 10 is connected is the same as the thickness of the concrete structure 50. The collection duct 65 and the radiators 10 are in contact at the connection point between them, allowing the temperature-controlled air A to flow from inside the radiators 10 into the collection duct 65. The collection duct 65 has a return port 66 formed at one end of its elongated cylindrical shape for discharging the temperature-controlled air A. In this embodiment, a return port 66 is formed at the longitudinal end of the collection duct 65 such that the return port 66 of the collection duct 65 is closest to the radiator 10 furthest from the inlet 64 of the distribution duct 63. In this embodiment, a louver is provided at the return port 66. In this embodiment, the collection duct 65 has no openings other than the connection port to the radiator 10 and the return port 66, so that all of the temperature-controlled air A that flows out from the radiator 10 into the collection duct 65 can be guided to the return port 66. If the concrete structure 50 is manufactured in a factory as precast concrete, the distribution duct 63 and / or collection duct 65 may be attached to the concrete structure 50 in the factory. Alternatively, the distribution duct 63 and / or collection duct 65 may be covered with concrete 51 and molded as a single unit. In other words, the distribution duct 63 and / or collection duct 65 may be included as components of the concrete structure 50.

[0038] The concrete structure 50 to which the distribution duct 63 and collection duct 65 are attached (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the "assembly") is formed as a rectangular plate shape overall. The inlet 64 of the distribution duct 63 and the return port 66 of the collection duct 65 are configured to be located diagonally opposite each other on the rectangular assembly. The discharge side of the air conditioner 61 and the inlet 64 of the distribution duct 63 are connected by a supply duct 68. In this embodiment, the return port 66 of the collection duct 65 is not connected to a duct and is open to the space in which the return port 66 is exposed. Consequently, the air conditioner 61 is able to take in air from the surrounding area.

[0039] The operation of the heating and cooling system 100 will be explained by referring to Figure 2. In the following explanation, when the configuration of the radiator 10 is mentioned, please refer to Figures 1(A) to 1(C) as appropriate. When operating the heating and cooling system 100, first the air conditioner 61 is started. Then, the air around the air conditioner 61 is introduced into the air conditioner 61. As the air introduced into the air conditioner 61 passes through the coil, it is cooled during cooling and heated during heating, becoming temperature-controlled air A. The temperature-controlled air A generated by passing through the coil is discharged from the air conditioner 61 by a fan. The temperature-controlled air A discharged from the air conditioner 61 flows through the supply duct 68 and then into the distribution duct 63. The temperature-controlled air A that flows into the distribution duct 63 flows towards the end opposite to the side to which the supply duct 68 is connected. The temperature-controlled air A flowing through the distribution duct 63 flows into each of the radiators 10, which are arranged in the longitudinal direction, each time it encounters one. The temperature-controlled air A that has flowed from the distribution duct 63 into each of the radiators 10 flows towards the end to which the collection duct 65 is connected.

[0040] The temperature-controlled air A that flows from the distribution duct 63 into each radiator 10 transmits the cold (during cooling) or warm (during heating) contained in the temperature-controlled air A to the air supply cylinder 11 as it flows through each radiator 10. At this time, as described above, the heat transfer coefficient of the temperature-controlled air A increases due to the increased flow velocity at the location where the collection and dispersion member 12 is present, so that more cold or warm can be transmitted to the air supply cylinder 11. In this way, the flow of temperature-controlled air A through the radiator 10 effectively transmits the cold or warm contained in the temperature-controlled air A to the air supply cylinder 11. The cold or warm transmitted to the air supply cylinder 11 is then transmitted to the concrete 51 surrounding the air supply cylinder 11, causing the temperature of the concrete 51 to decrease or increase.

[0041] The concrete 51, cooled during cooling and heated during heating due to the transfer of cold or warm air from the air supply pipe 11, radiates cold or warm air from its surface to cool or heat the space facing the concrete 51. In cooling, the cooling sensation is obtained by the absorption of heat from objects in the space to be cooled by the concrete 51, but for convenience, this specification describes it as the concrete 51 radiating cold or warm air. In the cooling and heating system 100, since the heat transfer medium for cooling or heating the concrete 51 is temperature-controlled air A, condensation can be suppressed and water leakage can be avoided compared to when chilled water or hot water is used as the heat transfer medium. If radiant cooling is performed using chilled water as the heat transfer medium, it may be considered to set the temperature of the chilled water to 23°C or higher (a temperature higher than the dew point) to prevent condensation on the radiating surface, but if chilled water at a constant temperature of 23°C is flowed, it becomes difficult to quickly follow up when there are fluctuations in the load. In this respect, the heating and cooling system 100 according to this embodiment has excellent responsiveness to load fluctuations because the heat transfer medium is temperature-controlled air A.

[0042] The conditioned air A that has flowed through each radiator 10 flows into the collection duct 65. The conditioned air A that has flowed from each radiator 10 into the collection duct 65 flows through the collection duct 65 toward the return port 66. At this time, the end of the collection duct 65 where the return port 66 is provided is located diagonally to the end of the distribution duct 63 to which the supply duct 68 is connected, as described above. Therefore, the distance that the conditioned air A that has flowed through each radiator 10 travels from the inlet 64 to the return port 66 is approximately equal (reverse recirculation method), and the entire concrete 51 can be cooled or heated evenly. The conditioned air A that has flowed through the collection duct 65 and reached the return port 66 is diffused into the space in which the return port 66 is exposed (typically a space where heating or cooling is performed by radiating cold or heat from the concrete 51). The air diffused from the return port 66 is taken into the air conditioner 61 from the surrounding air, and the above process is repeated thereafter.

[0043] As described above, the radiator 10 according to this embodiment increases the flow velocity of the temperature-controlled air A flowing inside by the collection and dispersion member 12. This makes it possible to remove or reduce the thickness of the velocity boundary layer near the inner wall of the air supply cylinder 11, and to efficiently transfer the cold or heat contained in the temperature-controlled air A to the air supply cylinder 11. Furthermore, the concrete structure 50 according to this embodiment can function as a void slab when used as a floor, and can be made into a structure that combines the advantages of both a radiant plate and a void slab. In addition, the heating and cooling system 100 according to this embodiment includes a concrete structure 50 equipped with the radiator 10 described above, so that heat radiation is emitted from the concrete 51, and the space to be heated or cooled can be efficiently cooled or heated.

[0044] Next, with reference to Figures 3(A) and 3(B), a modified example of a heating and cooling system 200 will be described. Figure 3(A) is an exploded perspective view showing the schematic configuration of the heating and cooling system 200, and Figure 3(B) is a perspective view showing the schematic configuration of the heating and cooling system 200. The heating and cooling system 200 is similar in configuration to the heating and cooling system 100 (see Figure 2), but mainly differs in that a radiant unit 70 according to one embodiment is provided instead of the concrete structure 50 (see Figure 2). The radiant unit 70 is constructed by arranging multiple radiating bodies 10 in parallel on a virtual plane and covering them with a reflector 71. In other words, the radiant unit 70 is constructed by providing a reflector 71 instead of covering multiple radiating bodies 10 with concrete in the concrete structure 50 (see Figure 2). The reflector 71 increases the amount of heat radiated in a predetermined direction by reflecting a portion of the cold or heat radiated from the radiating bodies 10 in a predetermined direction (desired direction).

[0045] Typically, the reflector 71 is formed to a size that can encompass all of the multiple radiators 10 arranged on a virtual plane in a plan view. In this embodiment, the reflector 71 is basically a thin rectangular plate, with a pair of opposing sides curved in a quarter-circle arc shape in a cross section perpendicular to those sides. However, the shape of the reflector 71 can be appropriately determined according to the direction and amount of heat to be reflected from the radiant heat from the radiators 10. It is preferable that the reflecting surface 72 of the reflector 71, which is the surface facing the radiators 10 and reflects the radiant heat from the radiators 10, is configured to have a high emissivity. As a measure to increase the emissivity of the reflecting surface 72, for example, a water-repellent black paint can be applied to the entire reflecting surface 72. On the other hand, it is preferable that the back surface 73 on the back side of the reflecting surface 72 be made of a silver color with a metallic luster and low emissivity, for example, to suppress radiation from the back surface 73. By providing such a reflector 71, the thermal radiation from the radiators 10 can be made directional. The reflector 71 is provided so as to cover one side of a rectangular plate when the plurality of radiators 10 arranged on a virtual plane are considered as a whole.

[0046] The heating and cooling system 200 includes, in addition to the radiant unit 70 described above, an air conditioner 61, a distribution duct 63, and a collection duct 65, similar to the heating and cooling system 100 (see Figure 2). The connection configuration of the distribution duct 63 and the collection duct 65 to each radiant element 10 of the radiant unit 70 is the same as that of the heating and cooling system 100 (see Figure 2). Also, the connection between the air conditioner 61 and the inlet 64 of the distribution duct 63 by the supply duct 68 is the same as that of the heating and cooling system 100 (see Figure 2). However, in the heating and cooling system 200, the return port 66 of the collection duct 65 is not open to the space where the return port 66 is exposed via a louver, but rather the return port 66 is connected to the intake side of the air conditioner 61 by a return duct 69. Typically, the heating and cooling system 200 has both the radiant unit 70 and the air conditioner 61 installed on the ceiling of the space to be heated or cooled. Therefore, the radiant unit 70 and the air conditioner 61 are arranged in close proximity to each other, and the supply duct 68 and return duct 69 can be relatively short. The radiant unit 70 is positioned such that the reflector 71 is further away from the space to be heated or cooled than the radiating body 10. Therefore, the reflective surface 72 of the reflector 71 faces the space to be heated or cooled. The other configurations of the heating and cooling system 200 are the same as those of the heating and cooling system 100 (see Figure 2).

[0047] The operation of the heating and cooling system 200 configured as described above will now be explained. When the heating and cooling system 200 is operated, the air conditioner 61 is started, and temperature-controlled air A is generated in the air conditioner 61. The generated temperature-controlled air A flows into each radiator 10 via the supply duct 68 and the distribution duct 63, just as in the heating and cooling system 100 (see Figure 2). Also, just as in the heating and cooling system 100 (see Figure 2), the temperature-controlled air A that flows into each radiator 10 transmits its contained cold or heat to the air supply cylinder 11 as it reaches the collection duct 65, and in particular, more heat is transmitted at the location where the collection and dispersion member 12 is present.

[0048] In the heating and cooling system 200, the air supply duct 11, which is cooled or heated by the transfer of cold or warm air from the temperature-controlled air A, radiates cold or warm air from its surface to cool or heat the space facing the air supply duct 11. At this time, the heat radiated from the surface of the air supply duct 11 facing away from the space to be cooled or heated is reflected by the reflective surface 72 of the reflector 71 and radiated back into the space to be cooled or heated. As a result, almost all of the heat radiated from the entire side surface of the air supply duct 11 is directed towards the space to be cooled or heated, enabling efficient cooling and heating of the space. In the case of cooling, the feeling of coolness is obtained by the absorption of heat from objects present in the space to be cooled by the air supply duct 11, but for convenience, this specification describes it as the radiation of cold air from the air supply duct 11. Furthermore, the heating and cooling system 200 can also suppress condensation, avoid water leakage, and has excellent responsiveness to load fluctuations.

[0049] Similar to the heating and cooling system 100 (see Figure 2), the conditioned air A that has finished flowing through each radiator 10 flows into the collection duct 65 and flows through the collection duct 65 toward the return port 66. Subsequently, in the heating and cooling system 200, the conditioned air A that has reached the return port 66 flows through the return duct 69 and is introduced into the air conditioner 61. The conditioned air A introduced into the air conditioner 61 is then temperature-controlled again and discharged from the air conditioner 61, and the above process is repeated thereafter. With the heating and cooling system 200 operating in this manner, the cold or heat radiated from the radiators 10 (air supply cylinders 11) is directed almost entirely toward the space to be heated or cooled with the help of the reflectors 71, thus enabling efficient radiant heating and cooling for the space to be heated or cooled.

[0050] Next, a modified example of one embodiment of the radiator 20 will be described with reference to Figures 4(A) to 4(D). Figure 4(A) is a side cross-sectional view of the radiator 20, Figure 4(B) is an exploded perspective view of the condensing member 22 provided in the radiator 20, Figure 4(C) is a perspective view of the condensing member 22, and Figure 4(D) is a front view of the condensing member 22. In Figure 4(D), the hub spokes 15 of the guide member 13 are shown with dashed lines to clearly show the internal structure (they are actually visible from the front). The radiator 20 can be applied in place of the radiator 10 in the heating and cooling system 100 (see Figure 2) and the heating and cooling system 200 (see Figure 3(B)). The radiator 20 differs from the radiator 10 (see Figure 1(A)) in that it has a condensing member 22 (see Figures 4(B) to 4(D)) instead of the condensing member 12 (see Figure 1(B)) of the radiator 10. The air supply cylinder 11 of the radiator 20 is the same as that of the radiator 10 (see Figure 1(A)). In addition, in the radiator 20, as in the radiator 10 (see Figure 1(A)), the condensing member 22 may be positioned on the axis of the air supply cylinder 11 using a shaft rod 31. The details of the condensing member 22 will be described below.

[0051] In this modified example, the concentration and dispersion member 22 causes the temperature-controlled air A flowing inside the air supply cylinder 11 to swirl in the circumferential direction of the air supply cylinder 11 and includes a guide member 13 and a direction changing member 25. Multiple concentration and dispersion members 22 are provided inside the air supply cylinder 11. In this modified example, the spacing between adjacent concentration and dispersion members 22 is 300 mm to 600 mm, preferably 350 mm to 500 mm, but it may also be 2 to 6 times, or 3 to 4 to 5 times, the diameter of the air supply cylinder 11, or other distances depending on the situation. The spacing between adjacent concentration and dispersion members 22 here is the distance between the reference positions of the concentration and dispersion members 22, for example, the distance between each guide member 13. The guide member 13 of the concentration and dispersion member 22 has the same configuration as the guide member 13 in the radiator 10 (see Figure 1(A)).

[0052] The direction changing member 25 is a member that changes the direction of the temperature-controlled air A that has passed through the guide member 13 into a flow that swirls in the circumferential direction of the air supply cylinder 11, and functions as a swirling flow generating member. The direction changing member 25 has a receiving plate 26, a radial side wall plate 27, and a circumferential side wall plate 28. The receiving plate 26 is made of a disc-shaped member. The diameter of the receiving plate 26 is preferably formed to be about the same as the inner diameter of the peripheral edge plate 14 of the guide member 13 (the diameter of the boundary portion between the peripheral edge plate 14 and the through hole 16). The diameter of the receiving plate 26 is preferably greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the peripheral edge plate 14, and preferably less than or equal to the distance obtained by adding half the difference between the outer diameter and inner diameter of the peripheral edge plate 14 to the inner diameter of the peripheral edge plate 14 (inner diameter + (outer diameter - inner diameter) / 2).

[0053] The radial side wall plate 27 is provided on one side of the receiving plate 26. The radial side wall plate 27 is sandwiched between the receiving plate 26 and the guide member 13. In this modified example, the radial side wall plate 27 is perpendicular to both the receiving plate 26 and the guide member 13, which are arranged parallel to each other. The distance between the receiving plate 26 and the guide member 13 (the height of the radial side wall plate 27 from the receiving plate 26) should be about 5 mm to 30 mm, preferably about 10 mm to 20 mm. The radial side wall plate 27 extends in a curved manner from the centroid of the receiving plate 26 to the outer circumference of the receiving plate 26. The degree of curvature of the radial side wall plate 27 should be such that its radius of curvature is about 0.8 to 2.5 times, preferably about 1.5 to 2 times, the radius of the outer circumference of the guide member 13, and may be about 1 time. Multiple radial side wall plates 27 are provided; in this modified example, four are arranged at equal intervals, but there may be three or five or more. Each of the multiple radial side wall plates 27 is curved in the same direction.

[0054] The circumferential wall plates 28 are connected to the outer end of the radial wall plates 27. The same number of circumferential wall plates 28 as there are radial wall plates 27 are provided. The circumferential wall plates 28 are formed at the same height as the radial wall plates 27. The circumferential wall plates 28 are also positioned between the receiving plate 26 and the guide member 13. The circumferential wall plates 28 are provided along the outer circumference of the receiving plate 26. The circumferential wall plates 28 have the same radius of curvature as the radius of the outer circumference of the receiving plate 26. The circumferential wall plates 28 extend in the direction in which the connected radial wall plates 27 are convex, and are of a length that does not reach adjacent radial wall plates 27. With this configuration, an outlet 29 is formed between the circumferential wall plates 28 and adjacent radial wall plates 27 on the outer circumference of the receiving plate 26. The length of the outlet 29 in the circumferential direction of the receiving plate 26 may be approximately 1 / 4 to 2 / 3 times, or 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 times, the length of the circumferential side wall plate 28 of the receiving plate 26 in the circumferential direction.

[0055] The direction changing member 25 is provided such that the radial side wall plate 27 and the peripheral side wall plate 28 are in contact with the guide member 13. Furthermore, the direction changing member 25 is positioned such that the centroid of the receiving plate 26 and the centroid of the guide member 13 are aligned in a straight line (on the shaft rod 31). In the radiator 20 configured in this way, when temperature-controlled air A is supplied, the temperature-controlled air A flows through the inside of the air supply cylinder 11 in a generally laminar flow. As the temperature-controlled air A flows through the inside of the air supply cylinder 11, it transmits the cold or heat it contains to the air supply cylinder 11. When the temperature-controlled air A flowing through the inside of the air supply cylinder 11 reaches the position where the guide member 13 is located, the portion of the temperature-controlled air A flowing on the outer circumference of the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the air supply cylinder 11 is blocked by the peripheral plate 14 and moves toward the center of that cross section (the direction of the shaft rod 31). The temperature-controlled air A, which has been blocked by the peripheral plate 14 and changed direction of flow toward the shaft 31, passes through the passage hole 16 of the guide member 13 along with the temperature-controlled air A that was originally flowing on the inside side (axial side) of the air supply cylinder 11, and reaches the downstream side of the guide member 13. The temperature-controlled air A that has passed through the guide member 13 collides with the receiving plate 26 and changes direction of flow toward the outer circumference of the receiving plate 26. The temperature-controlled air A that has collided with the receiving plate 26 and changed direction of flow toward the outer circumference from the centroid of the receiving plate 26 flows along the curvature of the radial side wall plate 27, becoming a swirling flow, and flows out from the direction-changing member 25 through the outlet 29 and reaches the inner wall of the air supply cylinder 11. The temperature-controlled air A that has reached the inner wall of the air supply cylinder 11 still has a swirling flow component, and therefore flows along the inner wall of the air supply cylinder 11 with the circumferential component of the air supply cylinder 11. As a result, the time that the temperature-controlled air A is in contact with the inner wall of the air supply cylinder 11 is increased, so that more of the cold or heat contained in the temperature-controlled air A is transferred to the air supply cylinder 11. The temperature-controlled air A, which has a circumferential component and flows along the inner wall of the air supply cylinder 11, also has an axial component of the air supply cylinder 11, and therefore continues to flow toward the downstream collection and dispersion member 22. The temperature-controlled air A that has passed one collection and dispersion member 22 flows through the air supply cylinder 11 toward the collection and dispersion member 22 further downstream, and the above process is repeated thereafter.

[0056] As described above, multiple radiators 20 can be arranged parallel to each other on a virtual plane and covered with concrete 51 (see Figure 2) to form a concrete structure. The concrete 51 may be poured on site (the building construction site), or a concrete structure manufactured as precast concrete in a factory may be transported to the site. The concrete structure equipped with radiators 20 can be applied to a heating and cooling system similar to the heating and cooling system 100 (see Figure 2), as described above. In addition, multiple radiators 20 can be arranged parallel to each other on a virtual plane and covered with reflectors 71 (see Figures 3(A) and 3(B)) to form a radiant unit. The radiant unit equipped with radiators 20 can be applied to a heating and cooling system similar to the heating and cooling system 200 (see Figure 3(B)), as described above.

[0057] The above description refers to the case where the concrete structure 50 is used as a floor (or ceiling for the space below), but it may also be used as a wall. Furthermore, the above description assumes that the radiant unit 70 is installed on the ceiling of the space to be heated or cooled, but it may also be installed on a wall.

[0058] In the above description, it was assumed that in the heating and cooling system 100 (see Figure 2), the return port 66 of the collection duct 65 is open to the space in which the return port 66 is exposed via a louver. However, in the heating and cooling system 100 (see Figure 2), the return port 66 and the air conditioner 61 may be connected by a return duct 69, as in the heating and cooling system 200 (see Figure 3(B)). On the other hand, in the heating and cooling system 200 (see Figure 3(B)), it was assumed that the return port 66 of the collection duct 65 and the air conditioner 61 are connected by a return duct 69. However, in the heating and cooling system 200 (see Figure 3(B)), the return port 66 of the collection duct 65 may be opened to the space in which the return port 66 is exposed via a louver, without providing a return duct 69, as in the heating and cooling system 100 (see Figure 2). [Explanation of Symbols]

[0059] 10 Radiant 11 Air supply cylinder 12. Dispersing member 13 Guide member 14 Peripheral plate 16 Passing hole 17 Directional changing member 18 Cone 20 Radiant 22. Dispersing member 25 Directional change member (swirling flow generation member) 26 Receiving plate 27 Diameter side wall panel 35 gaps 50 Concrete Structures 51 Concrete 61 Air conditioner 70 Radiation Unit 71 Reflector 100, 200 heating and cooling systems A Temperature-controlled air

Claims

1. A gas supply tube through which a gaseous heat transfer medium flows, The system includes a collection and dispersion member provided inside the air supply cylinder, which causes the heat transfer medium flowing through the air supply cylinder to flow along the inner wall of the air supply cylinder, The collection and dispersion member comprises a guide member and a direction changing member positioned downstream of the guide member in the direction of flow of the heat transfer medium. The guide member is designed to direct the portion of the heat transfer medium that flows adjacent to the inner wall toward the axis of the air supply cylinder. The direction changing member changes the flow direction of the heat transfer medium that has passed through the guide member so that it flows along the inner wall. Multiple of the aforementioned gathering and dispersing members are provided at intervals in the direction in which the axis extends. radiant.

2. The guide member has a peripheral plate that closes the periphery of the inside of the air supply cylinder in a cross-section in a direction intersecting the axis, and a through hole is formed inside the peripheral plate through which the heat transfer medium can pass. The radiator according to claim 1.

3. The direction changing member is formed in the shape of a cone, and the apex of the cone is located on the upstream side in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium, and is arranged such that a gap is formed between the bottom of the cone and the inner wall of the air supply cylinder. The guide member and the direction changing member are arranged at a predetermined distance apart. A radiator according to claim 1 or claim 2.

4. The direction changing member is a swirling flow generating member that transforms the heat transfer medium that has passed through the guide member into a swirling flow that swirls in the circumferential direction of the air supply cylinder in a cross-section in a direction intersecting the axis. A radiator according to claim 1 or claim 2.

5. The swirling flow generating member comprises a receiving plate whose surface extends in a direction intersecting the direction in which the axis extends, and a side wall plate provided on the surface of the receiving plate facing the guide member and erected toward the guide member. The side wall plate extends in a curved manner from the axis toward the inner wall. The radiator according to claim 4.

6. A radiator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, The radiator comprises concrete covering the periphery of the radiator, Concrete structure.

7. A radiator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, A reflector positioned near the radiator, the reflector reflects heat radiated from the radiator in a predetermined direction, Radiation unit.

8. A concrete structure according to claim 6 or a radiation unit according to claim 7, The system includes a temperature controller that adjusts the temperature of the heat transfer medium flowing into the air supply cylinder. Heating and cooling system.

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