Superconducting Rotating Machine Drive System

Abstract

It provides cooling gas compression and circulation for coolant regeneration, which can reduce coolant consumption, as well as a power source for driving the rotor. [Solution] When cooling the high-temperature superconducting coils installed in the cryocontainer 5, the high-temperature coolant transforms into a high-temperature cooling gas. The high-temperature cooling gas generated in the cryocontainer is then stored in a high-temperature cooling gas tank by the drive of a pressure pump. The stored high-temperature cooling gas is compressed by the refrigeration compressor, undergoes adiabatic expansion, and the cooled gas is then cooled with the cryogenic coolant to regenerate it into coolant. The regenerated coolant is sent back to the cryocontainer for reuse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a superconducting rotating machine drive system.

[0002] A generator has a stator armature winding and a rotor field winding. Currently, superconducting generators mainly developed are those with field windings using copper wires.

Background Art

[0003] Conventional superconducting generators described in Patent Document 1 have superconducting coils in the form of superconducting wire structures. They are mainly developed for the purpose of obtaining a large output by reducing copper loss. Such superconducting generators do not fully utilize the properties of superconductivity. Considering their output characteristics and the energy required for cooling, they are not necessarily highly practical.

[0004] And in a power generation system of a superconducting generator, the rotor is rotated by an external driving force, and a current is passed through the coil to change the magnetic flux. In order to improve the efficiency of better power generation, it is necessary to consider the system for driving the rotor.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] Conventional superconducting generators typically have a stator equipped with field coils made of superconducting wires, housed in a cooling container, and the superconducting wires are cooled by the circulation of a coolant. As shown in Patent Document 2, for the superconducting wires to exhibit the superconducting phenomenon, a coolant must be housed in the cooling container, and various measures must be taken to address the problem of the high temperature of the coolant rising. However, there is a problem in that electricity is consumed when the high temperature cooling gas is recompressed by a refrigeration compressor.

[0007] The purpose of this generator is to reduce coolant consumption by compressing the cooling gas and circulating the coolant for regeneration, as well as to provide a power source for driving the rotor. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The superconducting rotating machine according to the present invention comprises a high-temperature superconducting coil and a rotor, a nitrogen gas tank that contains nitrogen gas obtained by cooling liquid nitrogen, and a drive motor and generator for driving the rotor. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] By cooling the high-temperature superconducting coil according to the present invention using liquid nitrogen, the nitrogen gas obtained by the liquid nitrogen being converted into gas is compressed by a refrigeration compressor, and the compressed nitrogen gas undergoes adiabatic expansion. The nitrogen gas, whose temperature has decreased, is then cooled in a cryogenic coolant, thereby regenerating the nitrogen gas back into liquid nitrogen and reducing the consumption of liquid nitrogen. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0010] [Figure 1] This diagram shows the detailed configuration of the superconducting rotating machine in the superconducting rotating machine drive system according to this embodiment. [Figure 2] This diagram shows the cooling configuration of the superconducting rotating machine in the superconducting rotating machine drive system according to this embodiment. [Figure 3] This diagram shows the cooling configuration of the superconducting rotating machine in the superconducting rotating machine drive system according to this embodiment. [Figure 4]This figure shows the detailed configuration of the superconducting rotating machine in the superconducting rotating machine drive system according to this embodiment. [Figure 5] This diagram shows the configuration of the cryocontainer of the superconducting rotating machine drive system according to this embodiment. [Figure 6] This diagram shows the configuration of the superconducting rotating machine in the superconducting rotating machine drive system according to this embodiment. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0011] Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition to low-temperature superconducting generators, there are also high-temperature superconducting generators. Superconductivity can be achieved even with liquid nitrogen, which is hotter than cryogenic coolant. When a high-temperature superconducting coil is cooled with the liquid nitrogen, nitrogen gas is generated. A tank is provided to contain the generated nitrogen gas. The contained nitrogen gas is compressed with a refrigeration compressor, and the compressed nitrogen gas is released in a mist form through a thicker gas pipe connected to a thinner gas pipe. The nitrogen gas, whose temperature has decreased through adiabatic expansion, is passed through a pipe inside a cryogenic coolant tank, cooled by the cryogenic coolant, and regenerated into liquid nitrogen. When the refrigeration compressor is used, power consumption increases, but the consumption of liquid nitrogen can be reduced. As a result, high-temperature superconducting generators can improve power generation efficiency and reduce maintenance costs compared to cryogenic superconducting generators. This embodiment is a superconducting rotating machine drive system that uses the liquid nitrogen for cooling.

[0012] Figure 1 shows the configuration of the superconducting rotating machine drive system. The superconducting rotating machine comprises a cryocontainer supported by a support container 32, the rotor 3, and a shaft 4. The superconducting rotating machine of this machine is a high-temperature superconducting generator.

[0013] The cryocontainer 5 is equipped with a high-temperature superconducting coil 6 and a room-temperature damper 7, and the cryocontainer 5 and the liquid nitrogen tank 2 are connected to a liquid nitrogen tank pipe 11.

[0014] The liquid nitrogen 1 in the liquid nitrogen tank 2 is sent through the liquid nitrogen tank pipe 11 to the cryogenic container 5 equipped with the high-temperature superconducting coil 6 and the normal-temperature damper 7.

[0015] By cooling the high-temperature superconducting coil 6 cooled by the liquid nitrogen and the rotor 3 including the permanent magnet 31, the nitrogen gas 24 in which the liquid nitrogen 1 has changed into gas is provided with a nitrogen gas tank 8 for accommodating the nitrogen gas 24 through the nitrogen gas tank pipe 19.

[0016] The rotor 3 holds the permanent magnets 31 with their polarities aligned in the circumferential direction of the rotation axis of the high-temperature superconducting coil 6.

[0017] The rotor 3 into which the shaft 4 is inserted is provided with the permanent magnet 31, and a liquid nitrogen pipe 10 for supplying the liquid nitrogen 1 to the rotor for cooling is embedded in the shaft 4 and the rotor 3. By supplying the liquid nitrogen 1, the rotor can be cooled.

[0018] The shaft 4 inserted into the rotor 3 is provided with a driving motor 22 and a generator 34, and the rotor 3 is rotated by the driving motor 22.

[0019] The material of the permanent magnet 31 may be, for example, a neodymium magnet, which is the most powerful among artificial magnets and the material is inexpensive.

[0020] The high-temperature superconducting coil 6 is, for example, a copper oxide superconductor coil. Copper oxide superconductor is known to exhibit a superconducting state from -180 °C. This generator uses the liquid nitrogen 1 as a coolant.

[0021] The support container 32 supports the cryogenic container 5, the liquid nitrogen tank 2, the nitrogen gas tank 8, the bearing 25, and the rotor 3.

[0022] Figure 2 shows the configuration of the superconducting rotating machine. The support container 32 is equipped with the liquid nitrogen tank 2, the pressure pump 17, the nitrogen gas pipe 9, the cryogenic coolant tank built-in pipe 14, and the refrigeration compressor 21.

[0023] The liquid nitrogen 1 in the liquid nitrogen tank 2 is transferred to the cryocontainer 5, which is connected to the liquid nitrogen pipe 10, by the drive of the pressure pump 17.

[0024] The nitrogen gas 24, which is formed when the liquid nitrogen 1 is converted into a gas, is compressed by the refrigeration compressor 21 and passed through the nitrogen gas pipe 9, where it undergoes adiabatic expansion. The nitrogen gas 24, whose temperature has decreased, is then passed through a pipe connecting the nitrogen gas pipe 9 and the pipe 14 built into the cryogenic coolant tank, where it is cooled into the cryogenic coolant 33 and regenerated into liquid nitrogen 1. The pump 17 is then driven to deliver the regenerated liquid nitrogen 1 to the liquid nitrogen tank 2.

[0025] The adiabatic expansion described above will now be explained. In the refrigeration compressor, the gas is compressed, and the compressed gas is passed from the middle of a narrow-diameter gas pipe to a wider-diameter gas pipe, and then released in a mist-like form through the wider-diameter pipe, thereby lowering the temperature of the compressed gas. The cooled gas is then further cooled in the cryogenic coolant 33, regenerating it into a coolant in a circulating system.

[0026] However, by passing nitrogen gas 24, which is at a higher temperature than the cryogenic coolant 33, through the pipe 14 built into the cryogenic coolant tank, the temperature of the cryogenic coolant 33 also rises. To lower the temperature of the risen cryogenic coolant 33, the heated cryogenic coolant 33 is compressed by the refrigeration compressor 21, and the compressed cryogenic coolant 33 is sent to the cryogenic coolant tank 16 through the refrigeration compressor pipe 13, where it is cooled to become a coolant. At this time, a check valve 18 is provided in the refrigeration compressor pipe 13 to prevent backflow between the refrigeration compressor 21 and the cryogenic coolant tank 16.

[0027] The liquid nitrogen tank 2 for storing the liquid nitrogen 1 and the cryocontainer 5 are connected to the liquid nitrogen pipe 10, and the rotor 3 and the pressure pump 17 for supplying the liquid nitrogen 1 to the cryocontainer 5 are provided.

[0028] Figure 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the superconducting rotating machine. It comprises the nitrogen gas pipe 9, the nitrogen gas tank pipe 19, the nitrogen gas tank 8, the refrigeration compressor pipe 20, and the refrigerator 21.

[0029] The drive motor 22 and rotor 3 are mounted on a shaft 4, and the rotor 3, which is inserted into the shaft 4, has the same axis of rotation as the drive motor 22. The rotor is driven by the drive motor 22 and rotates at a steady rate. The rotor 3, which is inserted into the shaft 4, is supported by a bearing and is rotatable.

[0030] The rotor 3, which is driven by the drive motor 22 attached to the shaft 4, emits a magnetic field from its permanent magnets, and the rotation of the rotor 3 generates an electric current in the superconducting rotating machine.

[0031] The drive motor 22 mounted on the shaft 4 drives the generator 34 mounted on the shaft 4, which generates electricity. The electricity generated by the generator 34 is transmitted through a battery (not shown) to the drive motor 22, the high-temperature superconducting coil 6, the refrigeration compressor 21, and the pressure pump 17.

[0032] The electricity generated by the generator 34 can be supplied to a battery (not shown) to ensure a stable power supply. For example, by maintaining a stable rotational speed without a decrease in the rotation of the shaft 4, the superconducting rotating machine can generate power stably and continuously.

[0033] Figure 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the superconducting rotating machine. The superconducting rotating machine has the rotor 3 at the center of the cryocontainer 5 arranged in a circular pattern around the inside of the support container 32.

[0034] The superconducting rotating machine is equipped with a magnetic shielding material 26, a heat insulating material 27, and a protective plate 28 on the outer surface of the support container 32.

[0035] The magnetic shielding material 26 will now be described. The power generation section of the superconducting rotating machine is equipped with magnets, and because the magnetic force is strong, it adversely affects the surroundings, requiring equipment to prevent magnetic force from leaking to the outside. To achieve this, a material with good magnetic permeability is used to cover the section, thereby guiding and diverting the magnetic force into the inside of the cryocontainer 5 and blocking it from leaking to the outside. For example, a highly permeable magnetic shielding material is provided as such.

[0036] The heat-insulating material 27 is provided inside the superconducting rotating machine to block heat input from the outside.

[0037] The protective plate 28 is provided on the outer circumference of the support container 32 that constitutes the superconducting rotating machine to protect the magnetic shielding material 26 and the heat insulating material 27.

[0038] Figure 5 shows that the cryocontainer 5 is equipped with the high-temperature superconducting coil 6, the room-temperature damper 7, the high-temperature coolant pipe 10, the high-temperature cooling gas pipe 9, the input wire 29, and the output wire 30.

[0039] The electricity generated by the generator 34 is transmitted to the high-temperature superconducting coil 6 located in the cryocontainer 5 via the input wire 29.

[0040] In Figure 6, the shaft 4 comprises the rotor 3, the bearing 25, the drive motor 22, and the generator 34.

[0041] The system includes a bearing 25 that supports the shaft 4, and the shaft 4 supported by the bearing 25 is rotatable.

[0042] The axis of rotation of the shaft 4 and the axis of rotation of the rotor 3 are the same, and therefore the rotational speed of the shaft 4 and the rotational speed of the rotor are the same, so the rotor 4, driven by the drive motor 22, rotates at a steady rate.

[0043] When the high-temperature superconducting coil 6 is cooled by the liquid nitrogen 1, the liquid nitrogen 1 changes into a gas. The cryocontainer 5 is equipped with a pressure pump 17 that, upon detection by the room-temperature damper 7, supplies the liquid nitrogen 1 from the liquid nitrogen tank 2 to the cryocontainer 5 by activating the pressure pump 17.

[0044] The rotor 3 of the superconducting rotating machine of the present invention has a low coefficient of friction, and the drive motor 22 installed on the shaft 4 enables even higher speed rotation, thus solving the problem of speed constraints on the shaft 4. This invention contributes to improving the performance of the equipment, facilities, parts, and machinery of the superconducting rotating machine of the present invention, and is a superconducting rotating machine drive system aimed at improving the technology of the superconducting rotating machine.

[0045] The superconducting rotating machine drive system utilizes materials that contribute to reducing the weight of the large-scale machine, although there are limitations depending on the material, such as carbon fiber, as a component material, considering the total weight of the superconducting rotating machine and aiming to increase the strength and weight of the support container.

[0046] The drive system for the shaft 4 using the aforementioned drive motor 22 will now be described. The rotor 3 of the superconducting rotating machine rotates steadily. As shown in Figure 6, the drive motor 22 is provided as the power source for the rotation of the shaft 4. The shaft 4 is driven by the rotation of the drive motor 22, and at the same time the generator 34 generates electricity. The generated energy is supplied to the drive motor 22, the high-temperature superconducting coil 6, the refrigeration compressor 21, and the pressure pump 17. This is the superconducting rotating machine drive system that provides such a technical configuration.

[0047] The superconducting rotating machine of the present invention is characterized in that the drive motor and generator 34, which are suitable for high-speed rotation, high output, high efficiency, and ensuring performance improvement and stability effects by reducing the coefficient of friction, are mounted on the shaft 4 of the superconducting rotating machine. This reduces failures of the superconducting rotating machine, reduces the cost burden associated with replacing parts and equipment, extends the lifespan of the generator, and contributes to improving the performance of the equipment, facilities, parts, and equipment of the superconducting rotating machine of the present invention.

[0048] The superconducting rotating machine of the present invention is configured around four main components: the cryocontainer 5, the shaft 4, the support container 32, and the rotor 3. These basic parts are housed in the support container 32 of the superconducting rotating machine and connected to the shaft 4 which is supported.

[0049] The drive motor 22 and the generator 34 are provided as a steady-state drive power source to prevent a decrease in the rotational speed of the shaft 4, and the power generated by the generator 34 is constantly supplied to the high-temperature superconducting coil 6, the drive motor 22, the refrigeration compressor 21, and the pressure pump 17, forming a superconducting rotating machine drive system.

[0050] The present invention relates to a superconducting rotating machine drive system in which the shaft 4 of the superconducting rotating machine is inserted into the rotor 3, and the rotor 3 is equipped with the permanent magnet 4.

[0051] Let us explain Figure 4 again. Figure 4 is a detailed view of the superconducting rotating machine. It comprises the cryocontainer 5, which is installed so as to surround the rotor 3 by the support container 32, and the cryocontainer 5 is a superconducting rotating machine drive system equipped with the superconducting coil 6 and the liquid nitrogen 1.

[0052] The generator 34 mounted on the shaft 4 sends power generated by the generator to the high-temperature superconducting coil 6 via a battery (not shown). The superconducting coil 6 generates an induced current, and an electromotive force is generated when the permanent magnet 31 approaches it most closely. The generated electrical energy is output to the outside via a power output wire 30. This is a superconducting rotating machine drive system.

[0053] The superconducting rotating machine drive system of the present invention is configured such that the shaft 4 penetrates the rotor 3, the rotor 3 is equipped with the permanent magnet 31, and the system can be enlarged or miniaturized by increasing or decreasing the number of cryocontainers 5 according to the power demand.

[0054] The configuration of the superconducting rotating machine of the present invention is a superconducting rotating machine drive system in which, in a generator of a superconducting rotating machine, the separation distance between the cryocontainer 5 and the permanent magnet 31 is constant and the superconducting coil 6 is engaged with the rotation of the shaft 4, and by installing multiple superconducting coils 6, it is possible to increase the number of phase AC waveforms such as AC waveforms and three-phase AC waveforms, and it is possible to generate voltages of complex AC waveforms and pulse waveforms.

[0055] In the superconducting rotating machine drive system of the present invention, the rotor 3, the cryocontainer 5, the high-temperature superconducting coil 6, and the permanent magnet 31 are assembled in the support container 32, and the power generation unit is housed in the support container 32. By providing the permanent magnet 31 on the rotor 3 installed on the shaft 4, the high-temperature superconducting coil 6 can generate power individually. Therefore, the superconducting rotating machine drive system of the present invention is an AC generator, intended for individual use.

[0056] The superconducting rotating machine drive system of the present invention is illustrative and not limiting. do not have. [Explanation of symbols]

[0057] 1. Liquid nitrogen 2 liquid nitrogen tanks 3 rotors 4 shafts 5 Cryocontainer 6. High-temperature superconducting coil 7 Room temperature damper 8 Nitrogen gas tanks 9 Nitrogen gas pipe 10 Liquid nitrogen pipes 11 Liquid nitrogen tank pipe 12 Cryogenic coolant tank pipes 13 Refrigeration compressor pipe 14. Internal pipes of cryogenic coolant tank 16 Cryogenic coolant tanks 17 Pressure pump 18. Check valve 19 Nitrogen gas tank pipe 20 Refrigeration compressor pipes 21 Refrigeration Compressor 22. Drive motor 23 Gap 24 Nitrogen gas 25 bearings 26 Magnetic shielding material 27 Heat insulation material 28 Protective plate 29 Input wires 30 Output wires 31 Permanent Magnets 32 Support container 33 Cryogenic coolant 34 Generators

Claims

1. A superconducting rotating machine is provided in which a generator mounted on the shaft generates electricity, and the generated electricity is transmitted to a drive motor, a high-temperature superconducting coil, a refrigeration compressor, and a pressure pump, thereby causing a rotor mounted on the shaft to achieve steady rotation. The shaft comprises the drive motor and the generator, The superconducting rotating machine is configured around four components: a cryocontainer, the shaft, a support container, and the rotor. The high-temperature superconducting coil is cooled by liquid nitrogen, and the superconducting rotating machine drive system includes a nitrogen gas tank for storing nitrogen gas to regenerate the vaporized nitrogen gas back into liquid nitrogen.

2. The superconducting rotating machine drive system according to claim 1, further comprising the cryocontainer, a liquid nitrogen tank, a nitrogen gas tank, and the support container for supporting the rotor.

3. The superconducting rotating machine drive system according to claim 1, wherein the cryocontainer is provided with the high-temperature superconducting coil and the room-temperature damper.

4. The superconducting rotating machine drive system according to claim 1, wherein a liquid nitrogen pipe is embedded in the shaft and the rotor to cool the rotor and to supply the liquid nitrogen.

5. Connected between the refrigeration compressor that compresses the cryogenic coolant and the cryogenic coolant tank. The superconducting rotating machine drive system according to claim 1, wherein a check valve is provided in the refrigeration compressor pipe.

6. The superconducting rotating machine drive system according to claim 1, wherein the rotating shaft of the rotor, the rotating shaft of the drive motor, and the rotating shaft of the generator are the same.

7. The superconducting rotating machine drive system according to claim 1, wherein a rotor holds permanent magnets aligned in the circumferential direction of the high-temperature superconducting coil mounted on the cryocontainer.

8. The superconducting rotating machine drive system according to claim 1, wherein the liquid nitrogen tank and the cryocontainer for storing the liquid nitrogen are connected to the liquid nitrogen pipe, and the pressure pump is provided for supplying the liquid nitrogen to the rotor and the cryocontainer.

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