Sashigane

Abstract

This product provides a square that allows for easy marking of lumber for setting slopes and layout work, while using a millimeter-precise square at construction sites. [Solution] The measuring square 1 has a scale 20 in millimeter units on its longitudinal section 2, and a scale 31 in sun (approximately 1 / 10th of the length of the longitudinal section 2) formed at equal intervals on its transverse section 3. Alternatively, two types of scales 21 and 22 in millimeter units may be formed on the longitudinal section 2, with one scale 21 starting from the end 2A of the longitudinal section 2 and the other scale 22 starting from the inner corner 4 of the measuring square 1.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] It relates to a carpenter's square used at a construction site such as a residential building.

Background Art

[0002] The carpenter's square (L-square) used at a construction site is a basic tool used in various operations such as squaring wood, measuring length, and marking. A general carpenter's square has graduations in millimeters on both its long and short sides and is used in accordance with the dimensional system (metric system) in construction drawings and inspection work.

[0003] On the other hand, in the practice of residential construction, although millimeter units are adopted for the dimensional instructions on drawings, in construction instructions at the construction site and conversations among workers, dimensional expressions based on the shakkanho system such as "shaku", "sun", and "bun" are often used in combination. In particular, in traditional construction methods, a dimensional system derived from the shakkanho system still remains in modern times for some member dimensions, such as the width dimension of residential structural materials being unified at 105 mm.

[0004] Also, on-site workers may perform work while using a carpenter's square engraved in millimeter units and referring to the sense of the shakkanho system when grasping material dimensions. For example, in allocating structural materials and setting gradients, there are scenes where the numerical senses of millimeters and the shakkanho system are used together. Also, in the repair of buildings constructed based on shakkanho dimensions such as old houses and temples, in addition to a carpenter's square in millimeter units, a ruler based on the shakkanho system may also be used in combination.

[0005] Thus, while a dimensional system in millimeter units is widely used at the construction site, dimensional expressions based on the shakkanho system also coexist, and the carpenter's square is routinely used together with these two dimensional systems. Against this background, carpenter's squares with various graduation configurations and auxiliary functions have been proposed according to the type and use of work.

[0006] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a scale configuration related to gradients, in which the length of the hypotenuse and the length of the middle slope are displayed on the longitudinal part of the square, facilitating marking work for eaves and other structures. These markings are based on the Pythagorean theorem and indicate the length of the hypotenuse corresponding to each gradient.

[0007] Furthermore, Patent Document 2 discloses a device for holding a square at a specific angle, which involves clamping a square into an L-shaped member to make it stand upright in a mountain shape, thereby assisting in drawing gradients by fixing the angle. This type of technology does not modify the scale structure of the square itself, but rather obtains a fixed angle using a holding jig.

[0008] Furthermore, Patent Document 3 discloses a carpenter's square with an added angle measuring function, which incorporates a spirit level and angle gauge to measure verticality and inclination angle. Patent Document 4 discloses a carpenter's square with dimension markings specific to a particular construction method, which directly displays dedicated dimensions such as 19mm and 45mm for 2x4 lumber. These provide dimension markings tailored to specific construction methods. In addition, Patent Document 5 discloses a general-purpose carpenter's square equipped with multiple angle tables and conversion tables, which has complex angle tables and dimension tables engraved on it to accommodate frame structures with equal and unequal gradients. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2017-25687 [Patent Document 2] Utility Model Registration No. 3112567 Gazette [Patent Document 3] Utility Model Registration No. 3179152 Gazette [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 7-311001 [Patent Document 5] Special Publication No. 2013-522628 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0010] However, on construction sites, while workers use millimeter-precise measuring tools, they often also use traditional Japanese units like "sun" (a unit of measurement) to understand material dimensions and communicate with other workers. Therefore, depending on the task, workers may need to switch between millimeters and traditional Japanese units of measurement.

[0011] Furthermore, in processes such as setting slopes, typified by a 4-inch slope, or laying out structural materials, the distance in the longitudinal direction and the reference point in the short direction are sometimes used together, and operations may be required to mark the lines while correlating the two.

[0012] Therefore, the objective of the present invention is to provide a measuring tool that allows for easy marking of slopes and layouts of timber used in residential construction at construction sites. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] The present invention provides a measuring square having millimeter markings on its longitudinal side and sun markings formed at equal intervals on its transverse side, with each interval corresponding to 1 / 10 (one-tenth) of the longitudinal length forming one unit.

[0014] Furthermore, two types of millimeter-scale markings can be formed on the longitudinal section, with one scale starting from the end of the longitudinal section and the other starting from the inner corner of the square. In addition, the maximum value of the scale on the longitudinal section can be set to either 105 millimeters or 89 millimeters. [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] According to the present invention, the measuring square has millimeter markings on the longitudinal side and sun markings on the transverse side, with each sun marking representing 1 / 10 of the longitudinal length as one unit, formed at equal intervals. This makes it easy to perform marking operations while correlating the longitudinal distance and the transverse reference, such as in gradient setting or layout. As a result, marking predetermined gradients, including a 4-sun gradient, can be done more simply than before, streamlining the work process.

[0016] Furthermore, by providing both a scale starting from the end and a scale starting from the inner corner on the longitudinal section, it is possible to use a single square for both measuring the outer dimensions and positioning based on the inner corner, allowing users to select the appropriate reference point depending on the application. This makes it possible to perform the cutting work from either the left or right side of the longitudinal section, reducing the need to repeatedly change the square's position or readjust the reference point, thus improving the continuity of the work.

[0017] Furthermore, by setting the maximum value of the scale on the long side to 105 millimeters, the total length of the long side directly corresponds to 10 units of the scale. This makes it easier to understand the correspondence between the total length of the long side and the scale on the short side when setting gradients or layouts based on members (e.g., wood) of a certain width (e.g., 105 mm wide) in structural materials for houses.

[0018] Furthermore, the square according to the present invention is not limited to the aforementioned 105 mm form, but can also have a longitudinal dimension corresponding to the lumber width commonly used in two-by-four construction (for example, 89 mm). With such a form, the width of standard lumber such as two-by-four lumber can be directly used as the reference dimension of the longitudinal part, making it possible to intuitively and quickly determine the center position of the lumber and perform layout work, thereby reducing the effort and errors associated with measurement and calculation.

[0019] Also, when setting the gradient for a member with a certain width at an actual construction site, since the width dimension of the member matches the scale on the long side, even when the member is placed in a cramped work site, the inking operation can be directly performed on the spot without moving the member or the batten to the front side or the back side. That is, processes such as inking operation, making right angles, and vertical confirmation can be efficiently carried out with a single batten, and a certain accuracy can be ensured regardless of the proficiency level of the operator.

[0020] As described above, according to the batten of the present invention, the effect that the inking operation in gradient setting, allocation work, etc. for the wood used in house construction at the construction site can be easily performed is obtained.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] [Figure 1] It is an overall view of the batten 1 which is the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] It is an overall view of the batten 51 which is the second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] It is an explanatory view of step 2 when inking with a 4 - inch gradient using the batten 1. [Figure 4] It is an explanatory view of step 3 when inking with a 4 - inch gradient using the batten 1. [Figure 5] It is an explanatory view of step 4 when inking with a 4 - inch gradient using the batten 1. [Figure 6] It is an explanatory view of step 5 when inking with a 4 - inch gradient using the batten 1. [Figure 7] It is a state diagram of the inked wood M.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0022] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following, the same elements in all the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and duplicate explanations are omitted. Also, in the description in the text, the reference numerals described previously will be used as necessary.

[0023] (First embodiment: measuring square 1) Figure 1 shows an overall view of a measuring tool 1, which is the first embodiment of the present invention. The measuring tool 1, which is the first embodiment, has an L-shaped body formed from a longitudinal portion 2 and a short (end) portion 3, as shown in Figure 1. First, a scale 20 marked in millimeter units is formed on the longitudinal portion 2, and this scale 20 is continuously arranged along the length direction of the longitudinal portion 2. Two types of millimeter scales are formed on this scale 20.

[0024] Specifically, the outer scale 21 has its zero position set starting from the end 2A of the longitudinal section 2 and is used for general length measurements. In contrast, the inner scale 22 has its zero position set starting from the inner corner 4 of the square 1 and can be used when measuring from the inside reference of a structural material. This allows for the selection of two types of reference points depending on the work purpose, increasing the flexibility of marking work.

[0025] Furthermore, the length of the longitudinal section 2 is set such that the millimeter scale 20 (21, 22) on the longitudinal section 2 all have a maximum value of 105 millimeters, as shown in Figure 1. This results in a configuration where the total length of the millimeter scale 20 formed on the longitudinal section 2 directly corresponds to 10 units of the sun scale on the short section 3, which will be described later. By adopting this configuration, the correspondence between the longitudinal section 2 and the short section 3 becomes easier to grasp visually, improving operability in drawing gradient lines and layout work on 105 mm wide lumber.

[0026] Furthermore, in the square 1 of the first embodiment, a plurality of through holes 6 (6A, 6B) may be formed in the longitudinal portion 2 from the viewpoint of improving the convenience of layout and drawing work in two-by-four applications. For example, as shown in Figure 1, through holes 6A and 6B can be formed in the thickness direction of the square 1 at the 0 mm position on the inner scale 22 of the longitudinal portion 2 and at the 1 / 2 position of the standard dimension (105 mm) of the longitudinal portion 2 (the 52.5 mm position, which is 1 / 2 of 105 mm).

[0027] These through holes 6A and 6B can be used to draw circles (arcs) or lines starting from a reference point by inserting the tip of a writing instrument such as a pencil. The number, position, and diameter of the through holes are not limited to the above-described configuration and can be appropriately changed depending on the width of the wood being worked on, etc. Furthermore, these through holes 6A and 6B are additional elements in the first embodiment and can be arbitrarily set without impairing the basic configuration of the present invention.

[0028] Next, two types of scales 30 (31, 32) are formed on the short side 3. On one side, as shown in Figure 1, the zero position of the inner scale is set starting from the inner corner 4, and the sun scale 31, where one unit is the interval obtained by dividing the length of the long side 2 into 10 equal parts, is formed at equal intervals in the length direction of the short side 3. Since each unit interval in the sun scale 31 is set to be 1 / 10 of the length of the long side 2, one unit of the sun scale 31 on the short side 3 is used as a numerical value that represents a constant ratio based on the length of the long side 2. In contrast, the other side, the outer scale, has a millimeter scale 32 formed on it, where the zero position is set starting from the outer corner 5.

[0029] As described above, the measuring square 1 according to this embodiment has millimeter markings 20 (21, 22) on the longitudinal section 2 and sun markings 31 on the short section 3 arranged in a fixed ratio, which increases the flexibility of marking work and allows for efficient measurement and positioning work at construction sites.

[0030] In this specification, "inch scale" refers to a scale formed on the short side based on intervals that divide the length of the long side into 1 / 10ths, as described above. It does not represent an actual 1 inch (approximately 30.3 mm) in the traditional Japanese system of measurement, but is a name used for convenience in this invention.

[0031] Furthermore, although the maximum length of the longitudinal section was described as 105 mm in this embodiment, this is merely an example, and it can be arbitrarily set according to the width dimensions of the lumber used at the construction site. At construction sites, structural lumber with widths other than 105 mm, such as 90 mm, 120 mm, and 45 mm, is used, and it is possible to manufacture squares with modified maximum longitudinal lengths to match these dimensions.

[0032] Consequently, if the length of the longer side is changed, the unit interval of the sun scale formed on the shorter side is also automatically changed to an interval equal to 1 / 10 of the length of the longer side. The "sun scale" in the square of this invention is intended to show a reference ratio in marking work such as a 4-sun slope, and does not reproduce the actual length of "1 sun". Therefore, by adjusting the sun scale on the shorter side to correspond to the length of the longer side, the same procedure can be used to mark slopes on lumber of different widths.

[0033] Furthermore, in the square of this embodiment, the markings or display colors on the surface of the component may be different for the longitudinal and transverse portions. For example, the millimeter markings and corresponding numbers formed on the longitudinal portion may be displayed in a first color (e.g., black), while the sun markings and corresponding numbers formed on the transverse portion may be displayed in a second color (e.g., red or blue).

[0034] By differentiating the display colors for the long and short sides in this way, workers can instantly and visually distinguish between the millimeter scale used for measurement and the sun scale used to indicate gradients and ratios, thereby reducing reading errors during marking and layout work.

[0035] Furthermore, since the user can determine which scale to use simply by shifting their gaze during work, it contributes to improved work efficiency. Note that the combinations and color schemes of the display colors are not limited to these examples and can be appropriately changed according to the work environment and user preferences, and can be adopted arbitrarily as long as they do not impair the basic configuration and effects of the present invention.

[0036] (Second embodiment: measuring square 51) Next, we will describe an embodiment of the carpenter's square according to the present invention that is applied to lumber commonly used in two-by-four construction (hereinafter referred to as the second embodiment). The carpenter's square according to the second embodiment shares the same basic structure and basic concept as the carpenter's square of the first embodiment described above. The main differences are the setting of the dimensions of the longitudinal part according to the assumed width of the lumber, and the presence or absence of additional components suited to that application. Figure 2 shows an overall view of the carpenter's square 51, which is the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] As shown in Figure 2, the square 51 according to the second embodiment is an L-shaped square with a longitudinal section 52 and a transverse section 53 joined at a right angle, similar to the square in the first embodiment. Furthermore, the longitudinal section 52 and transverse section 53 share the common feature of having various scales 70(71,72) and 80(81,82) formed on them, which can be used by the operator for measurement and marking work. Therefore, in the square 51 of the second embodiment as well, the right angle between the longitudinal section 52 and the transverse section 53 allows for easy marking of wood.

[0038] The longitudinal portion 52 of the second embodiment is set based on the dimensions of lumber commonly used as 2x4 (two-by-four) lumber (end grain size: thickness 38 mm x width 89 mm). In other words, the length of the longitudinal portion 52 (maximum value of the scale) of the square 51 according to the second embodiment is set to a dimension corresponding to the width of the two-by-four lumber (89 mm). This allows for intuitive and quick handling of the width dimension of the two-by-four lumber based on the longitudinal portion 52, enabling efficient execution of various marking tasks. Furthermore, since the longitudinal portion 52 of the square 51 does not extend beyond 89 mm, it is possible to create right angles without interference even if the area behind it is finished or there are objects in the way.

[0039] The scale 70(71,72) on the longitudinal section 52 is provided with two types of millimeter-unit outer scales 71 and inner scales 72, similar to the case of the square in the first embodiment. That is, as shown in Figure 2, the outer scale 71 has its zero position set starting from the end 52A of the longitudinal section 52 and is used for general length measurement. In contrast, the other inner scale 72 has its zero position set starting from the inner corner 54 of the square 51 and can be used when measuring from the inside reference of the wood. Note that the aforementioned dimension "89 mm" is just an example and can be appropriately changed according to the width of the wood used at the construction site, including other standard lumber used in two-by-four construction (e.g., two-by-six lumber).

[0040] Similar to the square in the first embodiment, the short side 53 also has two types of scales 80 (81, 82) that can be used as a guide in marking work. As shown in Figure 2, the zero position of one of the inner scales is set starting from the inner corner 54, and the sun scale 81, which uses intervals obtained by dividing the length of the long side 52 into 10 equal parts as one unit, is formed at equal intervals in the length direction of the short side 53 from "1 sun" to "6 sun".

[0041] Each unit interval on the scale 81 is set to be 1 / 10 of the length of the longitudinal section 52. Therefore, one unit on the scale 81 in the short section 53 represents a constant ratio based on the length of the longitudinal section 52 and is used, for example, when calculating the slope. In contrast, the other outer scale 82 has a scale in millimeters with the zero position set starting from the outer corner section 55. This makes it easy to check whether columns, walls, etc. are vertical at construction sites when used as a plumb bob.

[0042] In this application, the sun scale 81 formed on the short side 53 does not represent an actual sun (approximately 30.3 mm) in the traditional Japanese measurement system, similar to the square in the first embodiment. Rather, it is a scale with a convenient name formed on the short side 53 based on intervals obtained by dividing the standard dimension of the long side 52 (89 mm in this embodiment) into a predetermined number of divisions (10 equal parts).

[0043] Therefore, in the second embodiment of the measuring square 51, if the reference dimension of the longitudinal portion 52 is changed to 89 mm, the spacing of the convenient scales formed on the short portion 53 also corresponds to the reference dimension of the longitudinal portion 52. In either case, the inch scale 81 functions as a guide for marking work (for example, drawing lines such as gradient lines), which is common to the measuring square of the first embodiment.

[0044] In the second embodiment of the square 51, similar to the square in the first embodiment, multiple through holes 61, 62 may be formed in the longitudinal portion 52 to improve the convenience of layout and drawing work in two-by-four applications. For example, as shown in Figure 2, through holes 61, 62 can be formed in the thickness direction of the square 51 at the 0 mm position on the inner scale 72 of the longitudinal portion 52 and at the 1 / 2 position of the standard dimension (89 mm) of the longitudinal portion 52 (the 44.5 mm position, which is 1 / 2 of 89 mm).

[0045] These through holes 61 and 62 can be used to draw circles (arcs) by inserting the tip of a writing instrument such as a pencil, or to draw lines starting from a reference point. The number, position, and diameter of the through holes are not limited to the above-described configuration and can be appropriately changed depending on the width of the wood being worked on, etc. Furthermore, these through holes 61 and 62 are additional elements in the second embodiment and can be arbitrarily set without impairing the basic configuration of the present invention.

[0046] Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the measuring square may have different markings and display colors on the longitudinal and transverse portions, similar to the measuring square in the first embodiment. For example, the millimeter markings and corresponding numbers formed on the longitudinal portion may be displayed in a first color (e.g., black), while the inch markings and corresponding numbers formed on the transverse portion may be displayed in a second color (e.g., red or blue).

[0047] By differentiating the display colors for the long and short sides in this way, workers can instantly and visually distinguish between the millimeter scale used for measurement and the sun scale used to indicate gradients and ratios, thereby reducing reading errors during marking and layout work.

[0048] Furthermore, since the user can determine which scale to use simply by shifting their gaze during work, it contributes to improved work efficiency. Note that the combinations and color schemes of the display colors are not limited to these examples and can be appropriately changed according to the work environment and user preferences, and can be adopted arbitrarily as long as they do not impair the basic configuration and effects of the present invention.

[0049] As described above, the square 51 of the second embodiment maintains the same basic configuration as the square of the first embodiment (right-angle joint of the long and short sides, and measurement / marking assistance using various scales), while setting the dimensions of the long side 52 to match the width of the target lumber to 2x4 lumber. Therefore, both the square of the first embodiment (maximum value of the scale on the long side is 105 mm) and the square 51 of the second embodiment (maximum value of the scale on the long side is 89 mm) share the common feature of being constructed with the width of lumber commonly used on construction sites as the standard dimension, allowing workers to select and use a square with appropriate dimensions depending on the target lumber.

[0050] Next, as a specific example of using the square 1 according to the first embodiment shown in Figure 1, we will explain the marking procedure for setting a 4-sun slope on a piece of wood M. Here, "4-sun slope" refers to a slope where, when the horizontal distance is 10 sun, the vertical rise is 4 sun. Therefore, by giving a vertical distance of 4 / 10 times the horizontal distance of any length, a straight line with the same slope can be obtained.

[0051] <Step 1: Prepare and check the orientation of wood M> In this example, we will mark a 4-inch slope on a piece of lumber M, which is 105 mm wide (the old standard width of 3.5 inches) and is commonly used in residential construction. The worker positions the lumber M so that the side to be marked with the slope line is clearly visible and holds it stably on a workbench or similar surface. The edge of the lumber M is used as a reference point, and the positional relationship between this reference point and the square 1 is confirmed.

[0052] <Step 2: How to position the square (aligning to the origin)> The inner corner of the square 1 is brought into close contact with the edge of the wood M, which will serve as the reference point. The long side is positioned perpendicular to the edge of the wood M, and the short side is positioned along the edge of the wood M. At this time, the positioning is performed so that the starting point (zero position) of the scale on the long side coincides with the edge of the wood M. Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the state in which the edge of the wood M is aligned with the starting point of the scale on the long side of the square 1 (positioning is performed).

[0053] <Step 3: Align the "105mm" mark on the longer side with the width of wood M.> With the square 1 fixed at the reference point, confirm that the maximum value of the millimeter scale on the long side (105 mm) coincides with the opposite edge of the wood M. Then, mark the position of "105 mm," which is the maximum value of the inner scale on the long side, with ink (mark) using a writing instrument E such as a pencil, and use this point as the horizontal reference point for setting the gradient. In this example, since the maximum value of the scale on the long side is 105 mm, the total length in the long direction directly corresponds to the width of the wood. Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the state in which a mark is made on the wood M at the "105 mm" position on the long side using writing instrument E.

[0054] <Step 4: Determine the "4-inch" position on the shorter side> While holding the square 1 as the reference point, focus on the scale markings formed on the shorter side. The scale markings on the shorter side are formed with intervals that divide the entire length of the longer side into 1 / 10 equal parts, so the position of the 4th unit corresponds to "4 sun". Mark the 4th unit from the inner corner of the shorter side, i.e., the "4 sun" position, with ink (mark), and use this point as the vertical reference point for setting the slope. Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the state in which a mark is made on the shorter side of the wood M using a writing instrument E.

[0055] <Step 5: Connect the gradient lines> Finally, in step 3, a horizontal reference point is drawn to the "105mm" position on the long side, and in step 4, a vertical reference point is drawn to the "4-sun" position on the short side. Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram illustrating the state in which a writing instrument E is used to draw a line along the long side of the square 1 on the wood M, connecting the two points at the "105mm" position on the long side and the "4-sun" position on the short side (for example, by moving the writing instrument E along the arrow in the diagram), and Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the state in which a 4-sun slope marking has been made on the wood M. This straight line becomes the 4-sun slope marking line in this example and will be used as a reference for cutting or processing in subsequent processes.

[0056] By following the procedure described above, the adjustment operations during the work can be greatly simplified compared to the conventional method in which the edge of the wood was aligned with the position "10" on the long side and the position "4" on the short side of the square, the square itself was held at a predetermined angle, and an ink line was drawn along the edge of the long side.

[0057] In this example, two reference points—the "105mm" position on the long side and the "4-inch" position on the short side—are acquired separately, and a 4-inch gradient marking line can be formed simply by connecting these reference points with a straight line. Therefore, it is not necessary to hold the square at a specific angle to the wood, and deviations and errors due to alignment with the scale position are less likely to occur. Furthermore, since the reference points can be set at any position, flexible marking according to the orientation of the wood and the work position is possible, resulting in more stable workability compared to conventional methods. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0058] 1,51 Square ruler, 2,52 Long side, 2A,52A End of long side, 3,53 Short side, 4,54 Inner corner, 5,55 Outer corner, 6 (6A,6B), 61,62 Through hole, 20,21,22,70,71,72 (millimeter) markings on long side, 30,80 Markings on short side, 31,81 Scale markings on short side (inches), 32,82 Millimeter markings on short side, E Writing instrument, M Wood

Claims

1. A measuring square characterized by having a scale in millimeters on its long side, and having a scale in inches formed at equal intervals on its short side, with each interval corresponding to 1 / 10 of the length of the long side (the distance from the inner corner of the measuring square to the end of the long side) forming one unit.

2. A measuring square according to claim 1, characterized in that two types of millimeter-unit scales are formed on the longitudinal portion, one scale is formed starting from the end of the longitudinal portion, and the other scale is formed starting from the inner corner of the measuring square.

3. A measuring square according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the maximum value of the scale on the longitudinal portion is either 105 millimeters or 89 millimeters.

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