Pin fins, and machine tools

Abstract

This product provides pin fins with improved heat exchange efficiency compared to conventional designs. [Solution] The pin fin comprises a base member having an extension in mutually orthogonal first and second directions and a thickness in a third direction orthogonal to the first and second directions, a plurality of first pins extending from the base member in the third direction, and a plurality of second pins extending from the base member in the third direction. Each of the plurality of first pins has a first portion in which the area of ​​the cross-section orthogonal to the third direction is smaller than the area of ​​the cross-section at the base end of the first pin. Each of the plurality of second pins has a second portion in which the area of ​​the cross-section orthogonal to the third direction is larger than the area of ​​the cross-section at the base end of the second pin. In a projection view obtained by projecting the plurality of first pins and the plurality of second pins onto a plane orthogonal to the first or second direction, the first portion of each of the plurality of first pins and the second portion of each of the plurality of second pins are arranged in close proximity and alternately.

Description

Technical Field

[0007]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to pin fins and machine tools.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, additive processing devices have become widespread. Examples of shaping methods using additive processing devices include, for example, the SLM (Selective Laser Melting) method and the DED (Directed Energy Deposition) method.

[0003] The SLM method is a method of realizing layered processing by irradiating a laid powder material with laser light and locally melting and solidifying the powder material. The DED method is a method of shaping a workpiece by melting and laminating a supplied powder material.

[0004] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2023-073183 (Patent Document 1) discloses a heat sink shaped by a three-dimensional shaping device which is an example of an additive processing device. The heat sink has a flow path. The flow path has a gyro structure portion. The gyro structure portion has a non-uniform thickness.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] By the way, pin fins with higher heat exchange efficiency than conventional ones are desired. The heat sink according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2023-073183 is not a pin fin.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the problems described above, and in one aspect, the objective is to provide a pin fin with improved heat exchange efficiency compared to conventional pin fins. In another aspect, the objective is to provide a machine tool equipped with a pin fin with improved heat exchange efficiency compared to conventional pin fins. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] One example of the present disclosure provides a pin fin. The pin fin comprises a base member having an extension in first and second directions perpendicular to each other and a thickness in a third direction perpendicular to the first and second directions, a plurality of first pins extending from the base member in the third direction, and a plurality of second pins extending from the base member in the third direction. Each of the plurality of first pins has a first portion whose cross-sectional area perpendicular to the third direction is smaller than the cross-sectional area at the base end of the first pin. Each of the plurality of second pins has a second portion whose cross-sectional area perpendicular to the third direction is larger than the cross-sectional area at the base end of the second pin. In a projection view obtained by projecting the plurality of first pins and the plurality of second pins onto a plane perpendicular to the first or second direction, the first portion of each of the plurality of first pins and the second portion of each of the plurality of second pins are arranged in close proximity and alternately.

[0009] In one example of this disclosure, the height of the first portion from the base member and the height of the second portion from the base member are the same.

[0010] In one example of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of first pins has a first base-side portion extending from the first portion toward the base end of the first pin, wherein the area of ​​the cross-section perpendicular to the third direction increases toward the base end, and a first tip-side portion extending from the first portion toward the tip end of the first pin, wherein the area of ​​the cross-section perpendicular to the third direction increases toward the tip end. Each of the plurality of second pins has a second base-side portion extending from the second portion toward the base end of the second pin, wherein the area of ​​the cross-section perpendicular to the third direction decreases toward the base end, and a second tip-side portion extending from the second portion toward the tip end of the second pin, wherein the area of ​​the cross-section perpendicular to the third direction decreases toward the tip end.

[0011] In one example of this disclosure, when the projection view is viewed from the third direction, the first tip portion of each of the plurality of first pins partially overlaps with the second portion of the adjacent second pin.

[0012] In one example of this disclosure, when the projection view is viewed from the third direction, the first base end portion of each of the plurality of first pins partially overlaps with the second portion of the adjacent second pin.

[0013] In other examples of this disclosure, a machine tool comprising the pin fins described above is provided.

[0014] The above and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description relating to the invention, which will be understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0015] [Figure 1] This figure shows an example of the configuration of an additive processing device. [Figure 2] This diagram shows the SLM (Steel Lump Processing) method of lamination in chronological order. [Figure 3] This is a perspective view of Pinfin. [Figure 4] This is a diagram showing a plan view of a pin fin. [Figure 5] It is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of a pin fin along the A-A line shown in FIG. 4. [Figure 6] It is a diagram showing the outer shape of the pins constituting the pin fin. [Figure 7] It is a diagram showing an example of a drive mechanism of an additional processing device. [Figure 8] It is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a control unit. [Figure 9] It is a diagram showing a perspective view of a pin fin according to the first modification example. [Figure 10] It is a diagram showing a plan view of a pin fin according to the first modification example. [Figure 11] It is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of a pin fin along the B1-B1 line shown in FIG. 10. [Figure 12] It is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of a pin fin along the B2-B2 line shown in FIG. 10. [Figure 13] It is a diagram showing the pin according to the first modification example from the Y-axis direction. [Figure 14] It is a diagram showing the pin according to the first modification example from the X-axis direction. <00,00091>It is a diagram showing a perspective view of a pin fin according to the second modification example. [Figure 16] It is a diagram showing a plan view of a pin fin according to the second modification example. [Figure 17] It is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of a pin fin along the C1-C1 line shown in FIG. 16. [Figure 18] It is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of a pin fin along the C2-C2 line shown in FIG. 16. [Figure 19] It is a diagram showing the pin according to the second modification example from the Y-axis direction. [Figure 20] It is a diagram showing the pin according to the second modification example from the X-axis direction. [Figure 21] It is a diagram showing a perspective view of a pin fin according to the third modification example. [Figure 22] It is a diagram showing a plan view of a pin fin according to the third modification example. [Figure 23] It is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of a pin fin along the D1-D1 line shown in FIG. 22. [Figure 24] This figure shows a cross-sectional view of a pin fin along the line D2-D2 shown in Figure 22. [Figure 25] This figure shows a projection of each pin according to the third modification onto a plane perpendicular to the Y-axis. [Figure 26] This figure shows a projection of each pin according to the third modified example, projected onto a plane perpendicular to the X-axis. [Figure 27] This figure shows a plan view of the pin fin according to the fourth modified example. [Figure 28] This figure shows a cross-sectional view of the pin fin along the line E1-E1 shown in Figure 27. [Figure 29] This figure shows a cross-sectional view of the pin fin along the line E2-E2, as shown in Figure 27. [Figure 30] This figure shows the pins according to the fourth modification as viewed from the Y-axis direction. [Figure 31] This figure shows a plan view of the pin fin according to the fifth modified example. [Figure 32] This figure shows a cross-sectional view of a pin fin along the F1-F1 line shown in Figure 31. [Figure 33] This figure shows a cross-sectional view of a pin fin along the F2-F2 line shown in Figure 31. [Figure 34] This figure shows a projection of each pin according to the fifth modification, projected onto a plane perpendicular to the Y-axis. [Figure 35] This figure shows a projection of each pin according to the fifth modification, projected onto a plane perpendicular to the X-axis. [Figure 36] This figure shows a perspective view of Pinfin according to the sixth modification. [Figure 37] This figure shows a plan view of the pin fin according to the sixth modified example. [Figure 38] This figure shows a cross-sectional view of a pin fin along the line G1-G1, as shown in Figure 37. [Figure 39] This figure shows a cross-sectional view of a pin fin along the line G2-G2, as shown in Figure 37. [Figure 40] This diagram shows the pins according to the sixth modification, viewed from the Y-axis direction.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0016] Hereinafter, each embodiment of the present invention will be described while referring to the drawings. In the following description, the same parts and components are denoted by the same reference numerals. Their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, detailed descriptions of them will not be repeated herein. In addition, any of the embodiments and any of the modification examples described below may be selectively combined as appropriate.

[0017] <A. Additive Manufacturing Apparatus 100> Pin fins used for heat dissipation of power semiconductors and the like are often manufactured by extrusion processing, cold forging, or the like. In this case, the shape of the pins constituting the pin fin is a simple shape such as a cylindrical shape.

[0018] On the other hand, the shaping accuracy of additive manufacturing apparatuses has been improving in recent years. The additive manufacturing apparatus can manufacture workpieces with more complex shapes. Therefore, the inventors have devised a pin fin having a larger surface area of the pins than before, using an additive manufacturing apparatus.

[0019] Examples of the shaping method by the additive manufacturing apparatus include, for example, the SLM method and the DED method. Hereinafter, before explaining the pin fin, the additive manufacturing apparatus of the SLM method will be described.

[0020] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the apparatus configuration of the additive manufacturing apparatus 100. For the sake of convenience of explanation, hereinafter, the vertical direction will also be referred to as the "Z'-axis direction". Also, the downward direction corresponding to the gravitational direction will also be referred to as the positive side of the Z'-axis direction, and the upward direction will also be referred to as the negative side of the Z'-axis direction.

[0021] In addition, the direction on the horizontal plane perpendicular to the Z'-axis direction will also be referred to as the "X'-axis direction". The X'-axis direction corresponds to the left-right direction when the additive manufacturing apparatus 100 is viewed from the front. Also, the right direction when the additive manufacturing apparatus 100 is viewed from the front will also be referred to as the positive side of the X'-axis direction, and the left direction when the additive manufacturing apparatus 100 is viewed from the front will also be referred to as the negative side of the X'-axis direction.

[0022] Furthermore, the direction on the horizontal plane perpendicular to both the X'-axis and Z'-axis directions is also referred to as the "Y'-axis direction." In Figure 1, the Y'-axis direction indicates the front-to-back direction of the paper. Also, the back side of the additive processing device 100, when viewed from the front, is referred to as the positive Y'-axis direction, and the front side of the additive processing device 100 is referred to as the negative Y'-axis direction.

[0023] The additive processing device 100 is a processing machine capable of stacking workpieces using the SLM method. The additive processing device 100 irradiates a spread-out metal powder material with laser light, locally melting and solidifying the metal powder material to stack the workpieces.

[0024] The additive processing device 100 includes a lifting mechanism 130, a lifting mechanism 140, a recoater 150, and a laser irradiation mechanism 160.

[0025] Furthermore, a storage area AR1 for metal powder material PM is provided inside the additive processing apparatus 100. The metal powder material PM is the material of the workpiece W. Any metal powder that can be melted by laser light LS can be used as the metal powder material PM.

[0026] The storage area AR1 is partitioned, for example, by a lifting mechanism 130 and a wall surface 132. The wall surface 132 is configured to surround the upper surface of the lifting mechanism 130 when viewed from above.

[0027] The upper surface of the lifting mechanism 130 forms the floor surface of the storage area AR1. The upper surface of the lifting mechanism 130 is also configured to move up and down in the Z' axis direction. The lifting mechanism 130 is moved up and down by, for example, the motor 212Z (see Figure 7), which will be described later. The top of the storage area AR1 is open, and when the lifting mechanism 130 rises, the metal powder material PM is pushed out of the storage area AR1.

[0028] Furthermore, a processing area AR2 for the workpiece W is provided inside the additional processing device 100. The processing area AR2 is partitioned, for example, by a lifting mechanism 140 and a wall surface 142. The wall surface 142 is configured to surround the upper surface of the lifting mechanism 140 when viewed from above.

[0029] The upper surface of the lifting mechanism 140 forms the floor surface of the machining area AR2. The lifting mechanism 140 is configured to move up and down in the Z' axis direction. The lifting mechanism 140 is moved up and down by, for example, the motor 222Z (see Figure 7), which will be described later. The upper part of the machining area AR2 is open.

[0030] A base plate 144 may be mounted on the upper surface of the lifting mechanism 140. The base plate 144 may be fixed to the lifting mechanism 140 by, for example, a chuck mechanism (not shown). The base plate 144 is fixed to the lifting mechanism 140 before the start of the lamination process by the additive processing device 100.

[0031] The recoater 150 is configured to spread the metal powder material PM extruded from the storage area AR1 into the processing area AR2. The recoater 150 is composed of blades or rollers, etc.

[0032] More specifically, the recoater 150 extends in the Y' axis direction. The width of the recoater 150 in the Y' axis direction is longer than the width of the storage area AR1 in the Y' axis direction, and also longer than the width of the processing area AR2 in the Y' axis direction.

[0033] Furthermore, the recoater 150 is configured to be drivable in the X' axis direction. The recoater 150 is driven, for example, by the motor 232X (see Figure 7), which will be described later. In a top view, the recoater 150 is configured to pass through at least the storage area AR1 and the processing area AR2. When the recoater 150 is driven in the negative direction of the X' axis, the metal powder material PM extruded from the top surface of the storage area AR1 is transported to the processing area AR2. In this way, the metal powder material PM is supplied from the storage area AR1 to the processing area AR2.

[0034] The laser irradiation mechanism 160 irradiates the metal powder material PM, which is spread in the processing area AR2, with laser light LS to selectively melt and solidify the metal powder material PM. For example, the laser irradiation mechanism 160 consists of a laser oscillator, an optical system, and a laser scanner.

[0035] A laser oscillator is a device that generates high-energy laser light. The optical system focuses the laser light generated by the laser oscillator to produce laser light LS. For example, a galvanometer scanner is used as a laser scanner. A galvanometer scanner consists of a galvanometer mirror for deflecting the laser light LS in the X' axis direction and a galvanometer mirror for deflecting the laser light LS in the Y' axis direction. The additive processing device 100 irradiates the laser light LS to any position on the X'Y' plane by controlling the drive of the two galvanometer mirrors.

[0036] Next, the SLM (Steel-Laminated Manufacturing) process will be explained with reference to Figure 2. Figure 2 is a diagram showing the SLM process in chronological order.

[0037] In step S1, the additive processing device 100 raises the lifting mechanism 130. The amount by which the lifting mechanism 130 rises is predetermined. As the lifting mechanism 130 rises, the metal powder material PM is pushed out from the storage area AR1.

[0038] Furthermore, the additional processing device 100 lowers the lifting mechanism 140. The lowering range of the lifting mechanism 140 is predetermined. This lowering range corresponds to the thickness of one layer of the workpiece W. As a result, a space where no metal powder material PM exists is formed in the processing area AR2.

[0039] In step S2, the additive processing device 100 drives the recoater 150, which is waiting at a predetermined position, to the negative side in the X' axis direction. At this time, the additive processing device 100 drives the recoater 150 so that, in a top view, the recoater 150 passes sequentially through the storage area AR1 and the processing area AR2. As a result, the recoater 150 uniformly spreads the metal powder material PM extruded from the storage area AR1 into the processing area AR2. After that, the additive processing device 100 returns the recoater 150 to the predetermined waiting position.

[0040] In step S3, the additive processing apparatus 100 controls the laser irradiation mechanism 160 according to the additive processing program and irradiates the metal powder material PM spread in the processing area AR2 with laser light LS. At this time, the laser light LS is irradiated onto the metal powder material PM on the base plate 144. The metal powder material PM in the area irradiated by the laser light LS melts and solidifies. This forms the first layer SL1 of the workpiece W.

[0041] Subsequently, the additive processing device 100 repeats the processes of steps S1 to S3 to form a workpiece W of a predetermined shape on the base plate 144 mounted on the floor surface of the processing area AR2. The formed workpiece W is, for example, a pin fin 10A to 10G, which will be described later.

[0042] <B.ピンフィン10A> Next, an example of a pin fin 10A formed by the additive processing device 100 will be described with reference to Figures 3 to 6.

[0043] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the pin fin 10A. Figure 4 is a plan view of the pin fin 10A. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the pin fin 10A along line AA shown in Figure 4.

[0044] For the sake of explanation, a coordinate system based on Pinfin 10A is defined below. This coordinate system is defined by the X, Y, and Z axes.

[0045] The Z-axis direction corresponds, for example, to the axis direction of the pins that make up the pin fin 10A. In the examples in Figures 3 to 5, the Z-axis direction corresponds to the vertical direction. The tip side of the pins that make up the pin fin 10A is also referred to as the positive Z-axis side, and the base side of the pin is also referred to as the negative Z-axis side.

[0046] Furthermore, the direction on the horizontal plane perpendicular to the Z-axis direction is also referred to as the "X-axis direction." In the examples in Figures 3 to 5, the X-axis direction corresponds to one direction on the horizontal plane. Also, one side of the X-axis direction is referred to as the positive X-axis direction, and the other side of the X-axis direction is referred to as the negative X-axis direction.

[0047] Furthermore, the direction on the horizontal plane perpendicular to both the X-axis and Z-axis directions is also referred to as the "Y-axis direction." Additionally, one side of the Y-axis direction is called the positive Y-axis direction, and the other side is called the negative Y-axis direction.

[0048] The coordinate system based on the pin fin 10A may be the same as, or different from, the X'Y'Z' coordinate system based on the additive processing device 100 (see Figure 1).

[0049] The pin fin 10A has a base member 20. The base member 20 extends in the X-axis direction (first direction) and the Y-axis direction (second direction), which are orthogonal to each other, and has thickness in the Z-axis direction (third direction), which is orthogonal to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.

[0050] As an example, the base member 20 is plate-shaped and has a base surface SF1 and a back surface SF2. The base surface SF1 extends in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. The base surface SF1 corresponds to part or all of the surface of the base member 20. Note that the base surface SF1 does not need to be a perfect plane, but may be curved.

[0051] The back surface SF2 of the base member 20 extends in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. The base surface SF1 and the back surface SF2 face each other. Typically, the base surface SF1 and the back surface SF2 are parallel. The base member 20 also has thickness in the Z-axis direction, which is perpendicular to the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

[0052] The pin fins 10A function as a heat sink, absorbing heat from other devices and providing cooling. Multiple screw holes H are formed in the pin fins 10A, extending in the Z-axis direction. The pin fins 10A are attached to other devices via the screw holes H.

[0053] Multiple pins PA are formed on the base surface SF1. Each pin PA extends from the base surface SF1 in the Z-axis direction. The shape of each pin PA is identical to that of the others.

[0054] The number of pin PAs formed on the base surface SF1 is arbitrary. In the examples in Figures 3 to 5, 1089 (=33·33) pin PAs are formed on the base surface SF1.

[0055] Furthermore, the arrangement pattern of the multiple pin PAs on the base surface SF1 is arbitrary. The multiple pin PAs are arranged on the base surface SF1 in alignment in each column along the X-axis and each row along the Y-axis. In the examples in Figures 3 to 5, the pin PAs are arranged in a grid of 33 rows and 33 columns. Note that the number of rows of pin PAs must be two or more. Also, the number of columns of pin PAs must be two or more.

[0056] Each pin PA is, for example, arranged at equal intervals in the X-axis direction. Also, each pin PA is arranged at equal intervals in the Y-axis direction.

[0057] Each pin PA has a portion in which the area of ​​the cross-section perpendicular to the Z-axis increases towards the tip along the Z-axis. This portion may be formed as part of the pin PA. For example, this portion may be formed at the base end of the pin PA, in the middle of the pin PA, or at the tip of the pin PA. This results in a larger surface area of ​​the pin PA than that of a cylindrical pin. Consequently, the surface area of ​​the pin PA per unit area on the base surface SF1 is larger than in conventional designs, improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0058] Next, with reference to Figure 6, a specific example of the shape of a pin PA will be described. Figure 6 is a diagram showing the external shape of a pin PA.

[0059] As shown in Figure 6, the pin PA has a constricted portion. The constricted shape is such that the area of ​​the cross-section perpendicular to the Z-axis direction (i.e., the cross-section in the XY plane) decreases from the base end of the pin PA towards the center, and increases from the center towards the tip of the pin.

[0060] More specifically, a pin PA includes a base portion EB, a central portion CP, and a tip portion EP. The base portion EB is the pin portion that includes one end of the pin PA on the base surface SF1 side. The tip portion EP is the pin portion that includes the other end of the pin PA on the opposite side of the base surface SF1. The central portion CP is the pin portion between the base portion EB and the tip portion EP. The cross-sectional area of ​​the pin PA on the XY plane decreases from the base portion EB toward the central portion CP, and increases from the central portion CP toward the tip portion EP.

[0061] Typically, each pin PA has a shape that is axially symmetric with respect to a central axis AX that is parallel to the Z-axis and passes through its center. For example, the cross-section is circular at any position along the central axis AX.

[0062] In the example of FIG. 6, the constricted shape is formed for the entire pin. However, the constricted shape may be formed at least in a part of the pin PA.

[0063] Also, in the example of FIG. 6, an example in which the pin PA has one constricted portion has been described. However, the pin PA may have a plurality of constricted portions. As an example, two or more constricted portions may be formed on the pin PA along the Z-axis direction. In this case, the central axis AX of each constricted portion is located on the same axis.

[0064] <C. Driving Mechanism of the Additional Processing Device 100> Next, referring to FIG. 7, the driving mechanism in the additional processing device 100 shown in FIG. 1 will be described. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the driving mechanism of the additional processing device 100.

[0065] As shown in FIG. 7, the additional processing device 100 includes a control unit 50, the above-described lifting mechanisms 130 and 140, the above-described reclaimer 150, the above-described laser irradiation mechanism 160, and driving units 210, 220, 230, and 240.

[0066] The control unit 50 controls various devices within the additional processing device 100. The device configuration of the control unit 50 is arbitrary. The control unit 50 may be composed of a single control unit or a plurality of control units. As an example, the control unit 50 includes at least one of a CNC (Computer Numerical Control) and a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller).

[0067] The driving unit 210 is a driving mechanism for driving the above-described lifting mechanism 130. The driving unit 210 may be composed of a single driving unit or a plurality of driving units. In the example of FIG. 7, the driving unit 210 is composed of a motor driver 211Z and a motor 212Z.

[0068] The motor driver 211Z sequentially receives input of the target position for the lifting mechanism 130 from the control unit 50 and outputs a current corresponding to the target position to the motor 212Z. As a result, the motor 212Z moves the lifting mechanism 130 to any position in the Z' axis direction. The motor 212Z may be an AC motor, a stepping motor, a servo motor, or any other type of motor.

[0069] The drive unit 220 is a drive mechanism for driving the lifting mechanism 140 described above. The drive unit 220 may consist of a single drive unit or multiple drive units. In the example shown in Figure 7, the drive unit 220 consists of a motor driver 221Z and a motor 222Z.

[0070] The motor driver 221Z sequentially receives input of the target position for the lifting mechanism 140 from the control unit 50 and outputs a current corresponding to the target position to the motor 222Z. As a result, the motor 222Z moves the lifting mechanism 140 to any position in the Z' axis direction. The motor 222Z may be an AC motor, a stepping motor, a servo motor, or any other type of motor.

[0071] The drive unit 230 is a drive mechanism for driving the recoater 150 described above. The drive unit 230 may consist of a single drive unit or multiple drive units. In the example shown in Figure 7, the drive unit 230 consists of a motor driver 231X and a motor 232X.

[0072] The motor driver 231X sequentially receives input of a target position for the recoater 150 from the control unit 50 and outputs a current corresponding to the target position to the motor 232X. As a result, the motor 232X moves the recoater 150 to any position in the X' axis direction. The motor 232X may be an AC motor, a stepping motor, a servo motor, or any other type of motor.

[0073] The drive unit 240 is a drive mechanism for rotationally driving the galvanometer mirrors 162A and 162B in the laser irradiation mechanism 160. The drive unit 240 may be composed of a single drive unit or a plurality of drive units. In the example of FIG. 7, the drive unit 240 is composed of motor drivers 241A and 241B and motors 242A and 242B.

[0074] The motor driver 241A sequentially receives an input of the target rotation angle or the target rotation speed of the galvanometer mirror 162A centered on the X'-axis direction from the control unit 50, and outputs a current corresponding to the target rotation angle or the target rotation speed to the motor 242A. The motor 242A rotationally drives the galvanometer mirror 162A centered on the X'-axis direction. The additional processing apparatus 100 can irradiate the laser light LS at an arbitrary position in the X'-axis direction by reflecting the laser light LS generated by the laser irradiation mechanism 160 with the galvanometer mirror 162A. The laser light LS reflected by the galvanometer mirror 162A is guided to the galvanometer mirror 162B.

[0075] The motor driver 241B sequentially receives an input of the target rotation angle or the target rotation speed of the galvanometer mirror 162B centered on the Y'-axis direction from the control unit 50, and outputs a current corresponding to the target rotation angle or the target rotation speed to the motor 242B. The motor 242B rotationally drives the galvanometer mirror 162B centered on the Y'-axis direction. The additional processing apparatus 100 can irradiate the laser light LS at an arbitrary position in the Y'-axis direction by reflecting the laser light LS generated by the laser irradiation mechanism 160 with the galvanometer mirror 162B.

[0076] <D. Hardware Configuration of Control Unit 50> Next, referring to FIG. 8, the hardware configuration of the control unit 50 shown in FIG. 7 will be described. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the control unit 50.

[0077] As described above, the control unit 50 may be a CNC or a PLC. Figure 8 shows the hardware configuration of the control unit 50 as a CNC.

[0078] The control unit 50 includes, for example, a control circuit 101, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 102, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 103, a communication interface 104, and an auxiliary storage device 120. These components are connected to the internal bus 109.

[0079] The control circuit 101 is comprised of, for example, at least one integrated circuit. The integrated circuit may consist of, for example, at least one CPU (Central Processing Unit), at least one GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), at least one ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), at least one FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or a combination thereof.

[0080] The control circuit 101 controls the operation of the control unit 50 by executing various programs, such as the additive machining program 122. The additive machining program 122 is a program for fabricating the pin fins 10A described above. Based on the fact that the control circuit 101 has received an execution command for the additive machining program 122, it reads the additive machining program 122 from the ROM 102 into the RAM 103. The RAM 103 functions as working memory and temporarily stores various data necessary for the execution of the additive machining program 122.

[0081] The communication interface 104 is an interface for enabling communication with various devices. The additive processing device 100 communicates, for example, with various drive units (for example, the drive units 210, 220, 230, 240, etc.) for performing additive processing on a workpiece via the communication interface 104.

[0082] The auxiliary storage device 120 is a storage medium such as a hard disk or a flash memory, for example. The auxiliary storage device 120 stores an additional processing program 122, three-dimensional data 124, and the like. The additional processing program 122 is, for example, pre-generated from the three-dimensional data 124 of the pin fin 10A. The additional processing device 100 executes the additional processing program 122 to form the pin fin 10A having the shape shown in the three-dimensional data 124.

[0083] Note that the storage locations of the additional processing program 122 and the three-dimensional data 124 are not limited to the auxiliary storage device 120, and may be stored in a storage area (for example, a cache memory) of the control circuit 101, the ROM 102, the RAM 103, an external device (for example, a server), or the like.

[0084] Further, the additional processing program 122 may be provided incorporated as part of an arbitrary program instead of as a single program. In this case, various processes according to the present embodiment are realized in cooperation with an arbitrary program. Even a program that does not include such a part of the module does not deviate from the gist of the additional processing program 122 according to the present embodiment. Furthermore, part or all of the functions provided by the additional processing program 122 may be realized by dedicated hardware. Furthermore, the control unit 50 may be configured in a form such as a so-called cloud service in which at least one server executes part of the processing of the additional processing program 122.

[0085] <E. First Modified Example> Next, referring to FIGS. 9 to 14, the pin fin 10B according to the first modified example will be described.

[0086] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a perspective view of the pin fin 10B according to the first modified example. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a plan view of the pin fin 10B. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of the pin fin 10B along the line B1 - B1 shown in FIG. 10. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of the pin fin 10B along the line B2 - B2 shown in FIG. 10.

[0087] In this modified example, the shape of the pins PB constituting the pin fin 10B and the arrangement pattern of the pins PB differ from those of the pin fin 10A described above. Other aspects are as described above, so those explanations will not be repeated below.

[0088] Multiple pins PB are formed on the base surface SF1 of the pin fin 10B. Each pin PB extends from the base surface SF1 in the Z-axis direction. Each pin PB has the same shape.

[0089] Each pin PB is positioned on the base plane SF1, aligned in each column along the X-axis and each row along the Y-axis. Each pin PB is, for example, equally spaced along the X-axis. Also, each pin PB is equally spaced along the Y-axis.

[0090] In this example, each pin PB is arranged in a staggered pattern. More specifically, the groups of pins belonging to odd-numbered rows are offset from the groups of pins belonging to even-numbered rows in the X-axis direction. In the examples in Figures 10 and 11, the groups of pins belonging to odd-numbered rows are offset from the groups of pins belonging to even-numbered rows by a distance ΔD in the X-axis direction. The distance ΔD is, for example, shorter than the width of the pins PB in the X-axis direction.

[0091] Each pin PB has a portion where the shape of the cross-section perpendicular to the Z-axis changes along the Z-axis. This results in a larger surface area for pin PB than for cylindrical pins. Consequently, the surface area of ​​pin PB per unit area on the base surface SF1 is larger than before, improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0092] Specific examples of the shape of pin PB will be described with reference to Figures 13 and 14. Figure 13 shows pin PB as viewed from the Y-axis direction. Figure 14 shows pin PB as viewed from the X-axis direction.

[0093] As shown in Figures 13 and 14, the pin PB has a constricted portion. The constricted shape is such that the area of ​​the cross section perpendicular to the Z-axis direction (i.e., the cross section in the XY plane) decreases from the base end of the pin PB towards the center and increases from the center towards the tip of the pin.

[0094] More specifically, pin PB includes a proximal portion EB, a tip portion EP, and a central portion CP. The proximal portion EB is the portion of pin PB that includes one end on the base surface SF1 side. The tip portion EP is the portion of pin PB that includes the other end on the opposite side of the base surface SF1. The central portion CP is the portion of pin PB between the proximal portion EB and the tip portion EP. The proximal portion EB, the central portion CP, and the tip portion EP are continuous in the Z-axis direction.

[0095] In the proximal portion EB, the cross-sectional area of ​​pin PB in the XY plane decreases as you move from the proximal end towards the tip. On the other hand, in the tip portion EP, the cross-sectional area of ​​pin PB in the XY plane increases as you move towards the tip. In the central portion CP, the cross-sectional area of ​​pin PB in the XY plane may be the same or different at each position in the Z-axis direction.

[0096] The cross-sectional shape of pin PB in the XY plane is, for example, elliptical or nearly elliptical. An example of a nearly elliptical shape is a capsule shape formed by combining two semicircles along the longitudinal direction of a rectangle.

[0097] Furthermore, the width of the longest part of pin PB in the X-axis direction is shorter than the width of the longest part of pin PB in the Y-axis direction. The width of the shortest part of pin PB in the X-axis direction is shorter than the width of the shortest part of pin PB in the Y-axis direction.

[0098] In the examples shown in Figures 13 and 14, the constricted shape is formed across the entire pin, but the constricted shape only needs to be formed on at least a portion of the pin PB.

[0099] In the examples of FIGS. 13 and 14, the case where the pin PB has one constriction has been described, but the pin PB may have a plurality of constrictions. As an example, two or more constrictions may be formed on the pin PB along the Z-axis direction. In this case, the central axes of each constriction are located coaxially.

[0100] <F. Second Modified Example> Next, referring to FIGS. 15 to 20, the pin fin 10C according to the second modified example will be described.

[0101] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a perspective view of the pin fin 10C according to the second modified example. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a plan view of the pin fin 10C. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of the pin fin 10C along the line C1-C1 shown in FIG. 16. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of the pin fin 10C along the line C2-C2 shown in FIG. 16.

[0102] In this modified example, the shape of the pin PC constituting the pin fin 10C and the arrangement pattern of the pin PC are different from those of the pin fin 10A described above. Since the other points are as described above, the descriptions thereof will not be repeated below.

[0103] A plurality of pins PC are formed on the base surface SF1 of the pin fin 10C. Each of the pins PC extends in the Z-axis direction from the base surface SF1. The shape of each of the pins PC is the same.

[0104] Each of the pins PC is arranged on the base surface SF1 in alignment in each column along the X-axis direction and each row along the Y-axis direction. Each of the pins PC is arranged at equal intervals, for example, in the X-axis direction. Also, each of the pins PC is arranged at equal intervals in the Y-axis direction.

[0105] In this example, each pin PC is arranged in a staggered pattern. More specifically, the pin groups belonging to odd-numbered rows are offset from the pin groups belonging to even-numbered rows in the X-axis direction. In the examples in Figures 16 and 17, the pin groups belonging to odd-numbered rows are offset from the pin groups belonging to even-numbered rows by a distance ΔD in the X-axis direction. The distance ΔD is, for example, shorter than the width of the pin PC in the X-axis direction.

[0106] Each pin PC has a portion where the shape of the cross-section perpendicular to the Z-axis changes along the Z-axis. This results in a larger surface area for the pin PC than for a cylindrical pin. Consequently, the surface area of ​​the pin PC per unit area on the base surface SF1 is larger than before, improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0107] Specific examples of the shape of the pin PC will be explained with reference to Figures 19 and 20. Figure 19 is a diagram showing the pin PC as viewed from the Y-axis direction. Figure 20 is a diagram showing the pin PC as viewed from the X-axis direction.

[0108] As shown in Figures 19 and 20, the pin PC has a flared shape. A flared shape is a shape in which the cross-sectional area of ​​the pin PC in the XY plane increases from the base end to the tip end of the pin PC. More specifically, a flared shape is a shape in which the distance in the Z-axis direction of the portion in the XY plane where the cross-sectional area of ​​the pin PC increases from the base end to the tip end of the pin PC is longer than the distance of other portions.

[0109] For example, a pin PC includes a base portion EB and a tip portion EP. The base portion EB is the portion that includes one end of the pin PC on the base surface SF1 side. The tip portion EP is the portion that includes the other end of the pin PC on the opposite side of the base surface SF1. The base portion EB and the tip portion EP are continuous in the Z-axis direction.

[0110] In this example, the length of the proximal end portion EB in the Z-axis direction is greater than the length of the distal end portion EP in the Z-axis direction. In other words, the proximal end portion EB is greater than 1 / 2 of the length of the pin PC in the Z-axis direction. The distal end portion EP is less than 1 / 2 of the length of the pin PC in the Z-axis direction.

[0111] In the proximal end portion EB, the cross-sectional area of the pin PC on the XY plane increases from the proximal end toward the distal end. On the other hand, in the distal end portion EP, the cross-sectional area of the pin PC on the XY plane decreases toward the distal end.

[0112] The shape of the cross-section of the pin PC on the XY plane is, for example, an elliptical shape or a substantially elliptical shape. An example of a substantially elliptical shape includes a capsule shape formed by combining two semi-circles in the longitudinal direction of a rectangle.

[0113] The width of the longest portion of the pin PC in the X-axis direction is shorter than the width of the longest portion of the pin PC in the Y-axis direction. The width of the shortest portion of the pin PC in the X-axis direction is shorter than the width of the shortest portion of the pin PC in the Y-axis direction.

[0114]

[0115] <G. Third Modified Example> Next, referring to FIGS. 21 to 26, the pin fin 10D according to the third modified example will be described.

[0116] FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a perspective view of the pin fin 10D according to the third modified example. FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a plan view of the pin fin 10D. FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of the pin fin 10D taken along the line D1-D1 shown in FIG. 22. FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of the pin fin 10D taken along the line D2-D2 shown in FIG. 22.

[0117] ​ The pin fins 10A to 10C described above were composed of a single type of pin. In contrast, the pin fin 10D according to this modification is composed of multiple types of pins. Other points are as described above, so those explanations will not be repeated below.

[0118] The base surface SF1 of the pin fin 10D has multiple pins PD1 and multiple pins PD2 formed thereon. Pins PD1 and pins PD2 are pins of different shapes. However, each pin PD1 has the same shape. Each pin PD2 has the same shape.

[0119] Each pin PD1 extends in the Z-axis direction from the base surface SF1 of the pin fin 10D. Each pin PD2 extends in the Z-axis direction from the base surface SF1 of the pin fin 10D. Pins PD1 and PD2 are arranged alternately when viewed from the X-axis direction. Similarly, pins PD1 and PD2 are arranged alternately when viewed from the Y-axis direction.

[0120] Specific examples of the shapes of pins PD1 and PD2 will be explained with reference to Figures 25 and 26. Figure 25 shows a projection of pins PD1 and PD2 projected onto a plane perpendicular to the Y-axis (i.e., the XZ-plane). Figure 26 shows a projection of pins PD1 and PD2 projected onto a plane perpendicular to the X-axis (i.e., the YZ-plane).

[0121] Each pin PD1 has a portion CP1 (first portion) whose cross-sectional area perpendicular to the Z-axis is smaller at any position along the Z-axis than the area of ​​the cross-sectional area at the base end of the pin PD1. Similarly, each pin PD2 has a portion CP2 (second portion) whose cross-sectional area perpendicular to the Z-axis is larger at any position along the Z-axis than the area of ​​the cross-sectional area at the base end of the pin PD2. As shown in the projection views of Figures 25 and 26, each portion CP1 of pin PD1 and each portion CP2 of pin PD2 are arranged in close proximity and alternately.

[0122] As a result, portion CP2 of pin PD2 is located in the space surrounding portion CP1 of pin PD1. Therefore, a greater number of pins PD1 and PD2 can be placed per unit area on the base surface SF1. Consequently, the surface area of ​​pins PD1 and PD2 per unit area on the base surface SF1 is larger than before, improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0123] Preferably, the height of portion CP1 from the base surface SF1 and the height of portion CP2 from the base surface SF1 are the same. This makes it possible to place pins PD1 and PD2 closer together. As a result, the number of pins PD1 and PD2 that can be placed per unit area on the base surface SF1 increases further, and the heat exchange efficiency is further improved.

[0124] Furthermore, the shapes of pins PD1 and PD2 are arbitrary, as long as the portion CP2 of pin PD2 can be positioned in the space surrounding the portion CP1 of pin PD1.

[0125] As an example, pin PD1 has the same shape as pin PA (see Figure 6) described above. That is, each pin PD1 has a constricted shape. More specifically, each pin PD1 includes a portion CP1, a base portion EB1 (first base portion) extending from one side of portion CP1 towards the base end of pin PD1, and a tip portion EP1 (first tip portion) extending from the other side of portion CP1 towards the tip end of pin PD1. The base portion EB1 has a shape in which the area of ​​the cross-section parallel to the base surface SF1 increases towards the base end of pin PD1. The tip portion EP1 also has a shape in which the area of ​​the cross-section parallel to the base surface SF1 increases towards the tip end of pin PD1.

[0126] The shape of portion CP1 of pin PD1 is arbitrary. For example, portion CP1 has a cross-sectional area that is the same regardless of its position in the Z-axis direction, parallel to the base surface SF1.

[0127] Each of the pins PD2 has, for example, a barrel shape. More specifically, each of the pins PD2 includes a portion CP2, a proximal end portion EB2 (second proximal end portion) extending from the portion CP2 toward the proximal end side of the pin PD2, and a distal end portion EP2 (second distal end portion) extending from the portion CP2 toward the distal end side of the pin PD2. The proximal end portion EB2 has a shape in which the area of a cross section orthogonal to the Z-axis direction becomes smaller toward the proximal end side of the pin PD2. Also, the distal end portion EP2 has a shape in which the area of a cross section orthogonal to the Z-axis direction becomes larger toward the distal end side of the pin PD2.

[0128] Note that the shape of the portion CP2 of the pin PD2 is arbitrary. As an example, the portion CP2 has the same cross-sectional area parallel to the base surface SF1 regardless of the position in the Z-axis direction.

[0129] The distal end portion EP1 of each of the pins PD1 overlaps in part with the portion CP2 of the adjacent pin PD2 of the pin PD1 when the projection view shown in FIG. 25 or FIG. 26 is viewed from the positive or negative side in the Z-axis direction. More specifically, the distal end portion EP1 overlaps with the outer periphery of the portion CP2 of the pin PD2 when viewed from the positive or negative side in the Z-axis direction. In the examples of FIGS. 25 and 26, the distal end portion EP1 of the pin PD1 overlaps with the portion CP2 of the pin PD2 by a distance ΔD4 when viewed from the positive or negative side in the Z-axis direction.

[0130] Also, the proximal end portion EB1 of each of the pins PD1 overlaps in part with the portion CP2 of the adjacent pin PD2 of the pin PD1 when the projection view shown in FIG. 25 or FIG. 26 is viewed from the positive or negative side in the Z-axis direction. More specifically, the proximal end portion EB1 overlaps with the outer periphery of the portion CP2 of the pin PD2 when viewed from the positive or negative side in the Z-axis direction. In the examples of FIGS. 25 and 26, the proximal end portion EB1 of the pin PD1 overlaps with the portion CP2 of the pin PD2 by a distance ΔD4 when viewed from the positive or negative side in the Z-axis direction.

[0131] <H. Fourth Modified Example> Next, referring to FIGS. 27 to 30, the pin fin 10E according to the fourth modified example will be described.

[0132] Figure 27 is a plan view of the pin fin 10E according to the fourth modified example. Figure 28 is a cross-sectional view of the pin fin 10E along the line E1-E1 shown in Figure 27. Figure 29 is a cross-sectional view of the pin fin 10E along the line E2-E2 shown in Figure 27.

[0133] The pin fin 10D according to the third modification described above consisted of a constricted pin PD1 and a barrel-shaped pin PD2. In contrast, the pin fin 10E according to this modification consists of a pin PE1, which is the same shape as the constricted pin PD1, and a pin PE2, which is made by connecting two barrel-shaped pins PD2. Other points are as described above, so those explanations will not be repeated below.

[0134] Each pin PE1 extends in the Z-axis direction from the base surface SF1 of the pin fin 10E. Each pin PE2 extends in the Z-axis direction from the base surface SF1 of the pin fin 10E. Pins PE1 and PE2 are arranged alternately when viewed from the X-axis direction. Similarly, pins PE1 and PE2 are arranged alternately when viewed from the Y-axis direction.

[0135] Pin PE1 is identical to pin PD1 in the pin fin 10D according to the third modification described above. On the other hand, pin PE2 has a shape formed by connecting two pins PD2 in the pin fin 10D according to the third modification described above.

[0136] A specific example of the shape of pin PE2 will be explained with reference to Figure 30. Figure 30 shows pin PE2 as viewed from the Y-axis direction. As shown in Figure 30, pin PE2 consists of two barrel-shaped pins PD2A and PD2B and a connecting part JP that connects pins PD2A and PD2B.

[0137] The shape of each of the pins PD2A and PD2B is the same as that of the above-described pin PD2. The connecting portion JP connects between the pin PD2A and the pin PD2B. The connecting portion JP has, for example, a plate-like shape extending on the XZ plane. The thickness of the connecting portion JP in the Y-axis direction is smaller than the thicknesses of the pins PD2A and PD2B in the same direction. The thickness of the connecting portion JP in the Y-axis direction may be the same at each location or may be different.

[0138] <I. Fifth Modified Example> Next, referring to FIGS. 31 to 35, the pin fin 10F according to the fifth modified example will be described.

[0139] FIG. 31 is a plan view of a pin fin 10F according to the fifth modified example. FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view of the pin fin 10F along the line F1-F1 shown in FIG. 31. FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view of the pin fin 10F along the line F2-F2 shown in FIG. 31.

[0140] The pin fin 10D according to the above-described third modified example was composed of a constricted pin PD1 and a barrel-shaped pin PD2. And the bulging portion (that is, the portion CP2) of the pin PD2 was located in the space formed by the constricted portion (that is, the portion CP1) of the pin PD1. However, if the portion CP2 of the pin PD2 can be arranged in the space around the portion CP1 of the pin PD1, the shapes of the pins PD1 and PD2 are not limited to these.

[0141] As another example, a pin fin 10F according to this modified example can be cited. In the pin fin 10F according to this modified example, it is composed of a tapered pin PF1 and a flaring pin PF2. Since the other points are as described above, the descriptions thereof will not be repeated below.

[0142] In the case of a tapered shape, the distance in the Z-axis direction of the portion where the cross-sectional area of ​​pin PF1 decreases from the base end to the tip of pin PF1 on the XY plane is longer than the distance of other portions. On the other hand, in the case of a flared shape, the distance in the Z-axis direction of the portion where the cross-sectional area of ​​pin PF1 increases from the base end to the tip of pin PF1 on the XY plane is longer than the distance of other portions.

[0143] The base surface SF1 of the pin fin 10F has multiple pins PF1 and multiple pins PF2 formed thereon. Pins PF1 and PF2 are pins of different shapes.

[0144] Each pin PF1 extends in the Z-axis direction from the base surface SF1 of pin fin 10F. Each pin PF2 extends in the Z-axis direction from the base surface SF1 of pin fin 10F. Pins PF1 and PF2 are arranged alternately when viewed from the X-axis direction. Similarly, pins PF1 and PF2 are arranged alternately when viewed from the Y-axis direction.

[0145] Specific examples of the shapes of pins PF1 and PF2 will be explained with reference to Figures 34 and 35. Figure 34 is a projection diagram of pins PF1 and PF2 projected onto a plane perpendicular to the Y-axis (i.e., the XZ plane). Figure 35 is a projection diagram of pins PF1 and PF2 projected onto a plane perpendicular to the X-axis (i.e., the YZ plane).

[0146] Each pin PF1 consists of a base portion EB1 and a tip portion EP1. The base portion EB1 includes one end of the pin PF1 on the base surface SF1 side. The tip portion EP1 includes the other end of the pin PF1 on the side opposite to the base surface SF1. The base portion EB1 and the tip portion EP1 are continuous in the Z-axis direction. The tip portion EP1 has at least a portion in which the area of ​​the cross-section parallel to the base surface SF1 is smaller than the area of ​​the cross-section at the base end of the pin PF1.

[0147] Each pin PF2 consists of a base portion EB2 and a tip portion EP2. The base portion EB2 is the portion that includes one end of the pin PF2 on the base surface SF1 side. The tip portion EP2 is the portion that includes the other end of the pin PF2 on the opposite side of the base surface SF1. The base portion EB2 and the tip portion EP2 are continuous in the Z-axis direction. The tip portion EP2 has at least a portion in which the area of ​​the cross-section parallel to the base surface SF1 is larger than the area of ​​the cross-section at the base end of the pin PF2 at a predetermined distance in the Z-axis direction.

[0148] As shown in the projection views of Figures 34 and 35, the tip portions EP1 of each pin PF1 and the tip portions EP2 of each pin PF2 are arranged in close proximity and alternately. As a result, the tip portions EP2 of pin PF2 are located in the space surrounding the tip portions EP1 of pin PF1. Therefore, a greater number of pins PF1 and PF2 can be placed per unit area on the base surface SF1. Consequently, the surface area of ​​pins PF1 and PF2 per unit area on the base surface SF1 is larger than before, improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0149] Preferably, the height of the tip portion EP1 from the base surface SF1 and the height of the tip portion EP2 from the base surface SF1 are the same. This makes it possible to place pins PF1 and PF2 closer together. As a result, the number of pins PF1 and PF2 formed per unit area on the base surface SF1 increases, further improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0150] Preferably, each tip portion EP2 of pin PF2 partially overlaps with the proximal portion EB1 of the adjacent pin PF1, when viewed from the positive or negative Z-axis direction in the projection shown in Figure 34 or Figure 35. More specifically, the tip portion EP2 overlaps with the outer circumference of the proximal portion EB1, when viewed from the positive or negative Z-axis direction. In the example of Figures 34 and 35, the tip portion EP2 of pin PF2 overlaps with the proximal portion EB1 of pin PF1 by a distance ΔD6, when viewed from the positive or negative Z-axis direction.

[0151] Also, each tip-side portion EP2 of the pin PF2 overlaps partially with the tip-side portion EP1 of the pin PF1 adjacent to the pin PF2 when the projection views shown in FIG. 34 or FIG. 35 are viewed from the positive or negative side in the Z-axis direction. More specifically, the tip-side portion EP2 overlaps with the outer periphery of the tip-side portion EP1 when viewed from the positive or negative side in the Z-axis direction. In the examples of FIGS. 34 and 35, the tip-side portion EP2 of the pin PF2 overlaps with the tip-side portion EP1 of the pin PF1 by a distance ΔD6 when viewed from the positive or negative side in the Z-axis direction.

[0152] <J. Sixth Modified Example> Next, referring to FIGS. 36 to 40, the pin fin 10G according to the sixth modified example will be described.

[0153] FIG. 36 is a perspective view showing the pin fin 10G according to the sixth modified example. FIG. 37 is a plan view showing the pin fin 10G. FIG. 38 is a cross-sectional view of the pin fin 10G along the line G1-G1 shown in FIG. 37. FIG. 39 is a cross-sectional view of the pin fin 10G along the line G2-G2 shown in FIG. 37.

[0154] The pin fin 10F according to the above-described fifth modified example was composed of a tapered pin PF1 and a flared pin PF2. In contrast, the pin fin 10G according to this modified example is composed of a pin PG1 formed by connecting two of the above-described tapered pins PF1 and a pin PG2 having the same shape as the above-described flared pin PF2. Since the other points are as described above, the explanations thereof will not be repeated below.

[0155] A plurality of pins PG1 and a plurality of pins PG2 are formed on the base surface SF1 of the pin fin 10G. The pins PG1 and the pins PG2 are pins having different shapes from each other.

[0156] Each of the pins PG1 extends in the Z-axis direction from the base surface SF1 of the pin fin 10G. Each of the pins PG2 extends in the Z-axis direction from the base surface SF1 of the pin fin 10G. The pins PG1 and PG2 are arranged alternately when viewed from the X-axis direction. Similarly, the pins PG1 and PG2 are arranged alternately when viewed from the Y-axis direction.

[0157] The pin PG1 has a shape formed by connecting two pins PF1 in the pin fin 10F according to the above-described fifth modification. On the other hand, the pin PG2 is the same as the pin PF2 in the pin fin 10F according to the above-described fifth modification.

[0158] Referring to FIG. 40, a specific example of the shape of the pin PG1 will be described. FIG. 40 is a view showing the pin PG1 from the Y-axis direction. As shown in FIG. 40, the pin PG1 is composed of two pins PF1A, PF1B and a connecting portion JP connecting the pins PF1A, PF1B.

[0159] Each of the pins PF1A, PF1B has the same shape as the above-described pin PF1 (see FIG. 34). The connecting portion JP connects between the pins PF1A and PF1B. The connecting portion JP has, for example, a plate-like shape extending on the XZ plane. The thickness of the connecting portion JP in the Y-axis direction may be the same at each location or may be different. In the example of FIG. 40, the thickness of the connecting portion JP in the Y-axis direction decreases toward the tip side. Also, the thickness of the connecting portion JP in the Y-axis direction is smaller than the thickness of the pins PF1A, PF1B in the same direction.

[0160] <K. Application Example> The pin fins 10A to 10G described above can be applied to various devices. For example, pin fins 10A to 10G can be applied to machine tools. "Machine tool" is a concept that encompasses various devices equipped with the function of processing a workpiece. A machine tool may be a horizontal machining center or a vertical machining center. Alternatively, a machine tool may be a lathe, or other cutting machine, grinding machine, multi-tasking machine, 5-axis machine, etc. Furthermore, a machine tool is not limited to performing only subtractive machining. A machine tool may perform additive machining in addition to subtractive machining.

[0161] Pin fins 10A to 10G can be attached to components in machine tools that require heat dissipation. Examples of such components include spindle heads, spindle housings, various motors such as servo motors and linear motors, ball screws, and other parts.

[0162] As another example, pin fins 10A to 10G may be used for cooling semiconductor substrates and power supply modules.

[0163] The refrigerant used to absorb heat from pin fins 10A to 10G may be a gas or a liquid. Examples of gaseous refrigerants include air and nitrogen. Examples of liquid refrigerants include water and coolant.

[0164] The pin fins 10A to 10G are arranged so that the direction of the pin arrangement (X-axis or Y-axis) is parallel to the direction of refrigerant flow. As described above, the pins of the pin fins 10A to 10G have a non-cylindrical shape in which the cross-sectional shape parallel to the base surface SF1 changes along the Z-axis. Therefore, the mixing of the refrigerant is promoted as it passes through the pin fins 10A to 10G, improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0165] In a certain configuration, the pin fins 10B, 10C, 10E, and 10F are arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the pins is parallel to the direction of refrigerant flow. This facilitates refrigerant flow. As a result, heat exchange efficiency can be improved while suppressing the power consumption of the pump that circulates the refrigerant.

[0166] In other configurations, the pin fins 10B, 10C, 10E, and 10F are arranged such that the shorter side of the pins is parallel to the direction of refrigerant flow. This further promotes refrigerant mixing and improves heat exchange efficiency.

[0167] The embodiments disclosed herein should be considered in all respects to be illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims are intended to be included. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0168] 10A Pin fin, 10B Pin fin, 10C Pin fin, 10D Pin fin, 10E Pin fin, 10F Pin fin, 10G Pin fin, 20 Base member, 50 Control unit, 100 Additive processing device, 101 Control circuit, 102 ROM, 103 RAM, 104 Communication interface, 109 Internal bus, 120 Auxiliary storage device, 122 Additive processing program, 124 Three-dimensional data, 130 Lifting mechanism, 132 Wall surface, 140 Lifting mechanism, 142 Wall surface, 144 Base plate, 150 Recoater, 160 Laser irradiation mechanism, 162A Galvano mirror, 162B Galvano mirror, 210 Drive unit, 211Z Motor driver, 212Z Motor, 220 Drive unit, 221Z Motor driver, 222Z Motor, 230 Drive unit, 231X motor driver, 232X motor, 240 drive unit, 241A motor driver, 241B motor driver, 242A motor, 242B motor, AR1 storage area, AR2 processing area, AX central axis, CP central part, CP1 part, CP2 part, EB base end part, EB1 base end part, EB2 base end part, EP tip end part, EP1 tip end part, EP2 tip end part, H screw hole, JP connecting part, LS laser beam, PA pin, PB pin, PD1 pin, PD1 pin, PD2 pin, PD2A pin, PD2B pin, PE1 pin, PE2 pin, PF1 pin, PF1A pin, PF1B pin, PF2 pin, PG1 pin, PG2 pin, PM metal powder material, SF1 base surface, SF2 back surface, SL1 layer, W Workpiece, ΔD distance, ΔD4 distance, ΔD6 distance.

Claims

1. A base member having an extension in two mutually orthogonal directions (first and second directions) and a thickness in a third direction perpendicular to the first and second directions, A plurality of first pins extending from the base member in the third direction, The base member comprises a plurality of second pins extending in the third direction, Each of the plurality of first pins has a first portion whose cross-sectional area perpendicular to the third direction is smaller than the cross-sectional area at the base end of the first pin. Each of the plurality of second pins has a second portion whose cross-sectional area perpendicular to the third direction is larger than the cross-sectional area at the base end of the second pin. In a projection view obtained by projecting the plurality of first pins and the plurality of second pins onto a plane perpendicular to the first or second direction, the first portion of each of the plurality of first pins and the second portion of each of the plurality of second pins are arranged in close proximity and alternately, the pin fins.

2. The pin fin according to claim 1, wherein the height of the first portion from the base member and the height of the second portion from the base member are the same.

3. Each of the aforementioned plurality of first pins is A first base-end portion extending from the first portion toward the base end of the first pin, wherein the area of ​​the cross-section perpendicular to the third direction increases as it approaches the base end, It has a first tip portion that extends from the first portion toward the tip of the first pin, and the area of ​​the cross-section perpendicular to the third direction increases as it approaches the tip, Each of the aforementioned plurality of second pins is A second base-end portion extending from the second portion toward the base end of the second pin, wherein the area of ​​the cross-section perpendicular to the third direction decreases as it approaches the base end, The pin fin according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a second tip portion extending from the second portion toward the tip of the second pin, wherein the area of ​​the cross-section perpendicular to the third direction decreases as it approaches the tip.

4. The pin fin according to claim 3, wherein, when the projection view is seen from the third direction, the first tip portion of each of the plurality of first pins partially overlaps with the second portion of the second pin adjacent to the first pin.

5. The pin fin according to claim 3, wherein, when the projection view is seen from the third direction, the first base end portion of each of the plurality of first pins partially overlaps with the second portion of the second pin adjacent to the first pin.

6. A machine tool comprising the pin fins described in claim 1 or 2.

Images