Simple connection method for bridge decks

Abstract

To improve on-site productivity and ensure quality using the so-called no-joint construction method, which simply connects slabs without using bridge expansion devices.SOLUTION: A bridge structure construction method by jointing slabs 20 in a bridge without using bridge expansion devices includes: step (S1) of fixing joint panels (PCa joint panels 10) to a road structure (slab 20) by penetrating the joint panels and inserting a reinforcement anchor 13; step (S2) of casting filler materials 14 in the gap of the joint panels; and step (S3) of constructing surface materials 40 (paving material made of asphalt, concrete, etc.) on the top of the joint panels. The joint panels can be configured from PCa panels. When repairing the bridge structure built by each step, only the surface materials 40 are repaired or replaced, with the joint panels remaining.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

【Technical Field】 【0001】 The present invention relates to a simple connection method for a floor slab in a bridge, and more specifically, to a so-called no-joint method for simply connecting a floor slab without using a bridge expansion device. 【Background Art】 【0002】 Since a bridge expansion device is affected by wear, damage, etc. caused by vehicle traffic, it must be replaced and repaired in a timely manner. Conventionally, in the removal work of a bridge expansion device when replacing and repairing the bridge expansion device, a chiseling operation using a breaker or the like by manpower has been performed. In this chiseling operation, noise is generated by the breaker. Also, the boundary between the part to be removed and the substructure is likely to become unclear, and the substructure may be unnecessarily damaged, which may affect the soundness of the bridge. Furthermore, in order to fix the bridge expansion device to the floor slab, substructure, etc., a large number of fixing anchors are provided on the floor slab and used for fixing to the bridge expansion device. Therefore, when replacing and repairing, it is necessary to cut all the anchors, etc., and the work becomes complicated. 【0003】 In order to solve the above-mentioned inconveniences, a so-called no-joint method has been proposed to connect the floor slab by omitting the installation of the bridge expansion device as much as possible. (See, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). The technique described in Patent Document 1 relates to a connection structure and a connection method in an existing steel truss bridge for connecting and integrating steel main trusses with different configurations in the upper structure of a steel truss bridge to make it jointless. 【0004】 The technique described in this Patent Document 1 is a connection structure of a steel truss bridge in which a plurality of upper structures each having a steel main truss in the bridge axis direction L arranged at a predetermined interval in the bridge axis perpendicular direction W are arranged along the bridge axis direction L, and the steel main trusses are connected to a connecting cross girder arranged along the bridge axis perpendicular direction and arranged between adjacent upper structures along the bridge axis direction. 【0005】 The technology described in Patent Document 2 relates to a connecting structure for making the superstructure of a steel girder bridge equipped with various main girder structures jointless, and to a connecting method for existing steel girder bridges. 【0006】 The technology described in Patent Document 2 is a connecting structure for a steel girder bridge in which a plurality of superstructures are arranged in the direction L of the bridge axis, each superstructure comprising steel main girders in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis and arranged at predetermined intervals in the direction W perpendicular to the bridge axis, and steel transverse girders in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis and arranged near the ends of the steel main girders. In this structure, the connecting concrete is provided between the steel transverse girders at the opposing portions of adjacent superstructures in the direction of the bridge axis, and PC steel bars connect the steel transverse girders. Furthermore, the PC steel bars are positioned on the upper part of the steel main girders, and the connecting concrete is provided at a predetermined height higher than the lower flange of the steel main girders. 【0007】 The technology described in Patent Document 3 aims to enable smooth passage of traffic loads by improving durability while avoiding premature deterioration of the surface asphalt pavement, and to enable construction in a short time, by partially suppressing the rotational displacement of the girder ends due to the loading of traffic loads and the expansion and contraction deformation due to temperature changes, etc., with a partial connection structure in a continuous bridge joint structure, and absorbing the remainder with the deformation performance of the joint member. 【0008】 The technology described in Patent Document 3 involves forming a partial connection structure by pouring mortar into notches provided on the upper part of adjacent RC deck slabs of a bridge girder to partially integrate the ends of the deck slabs. A plate-shaped precast joint plate made of a high-toughness fiber-reinforced cement composite material, which has high pseudo-elongation performance due to crack dispersion, high tensile and bending deformation capacity, and vertical stiffness almost equivalent to that of an RC deck slab, is installed on the upper surface of this partial connection structure and on the upper surfaces of the deck slabs to its left and right. A waterproof sheet is then placed on top of this, and the top is covered with paving material. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents] 【0009】 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2017-133309 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2018-31235 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-190130 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve] 【0010】 As mentioned above, in the conventional construction method that eliminates expansion joints, which are a heavy maintenance burden for road administrators, and instead connects the deck slabs simply on-site to create a jointless surface, the existing expansion joints are first removed, then reinforcing bars for connecting the deck slabs are placed, and anchoring devices such as reinforcing bars to secure the bars to the deck slabs are installed. Then, ultra-fast-setting concrete is poured using a mobile concrete plant, and after the concrete hardens, surface paving is applied and the road is opened to traffic. However, this construction procedure requires precise reinforcing bar placement, which tends to make the work complicated. In addition, mobile concrete plants for pouring ultra-fast-setting concrete are expensive and their number is limited, so it was sometimes impossible to arrange a mobile concrete plant, especially during peak seasons. A mobile concrete plant is a mobile concrete plant equipped with a mixer that can continuously mix special concrete and special mortar on-site. 【0011】 The problems with conventional technology can be summarized as follows: Firstly, the work is complicated because precise reinforcement bar placement is required for connecting the deck slabs. Secondly, since construction is basically carried out under traffic restrictions that involve time constraints, it is necessary to shorten the working time. Thirdly, mobile construction vehicles are expensive and there is a risk that they cannot be arranged when needed, even during peak seasons. Fourthly, manual labor is predominant, and the quality and durability of the site depend on the quality of work during construction. Fifthly, as skilled workers are aging, it is becoming difficult to secure workers, including skilled workers. 【0012】 This invention was proposed in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a simple method for connecting bridge decks in a so-called no-joint method that allows for easy connection of decks without using bridge expansion joints, thereby improving on-site productivity and ensuring quality. [Means for solving the problem] 【0013】 The simplified bridge deck slab connection method according to the present invention has the following features in order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives. 【0014】 The present invention relates to a simple bridge deck slab connection method, which is a method for constructing a bridge structure by connecting bridge deck slabs without using bridge expansion joints, and includes the following steps (a) to (c): (a) Connecting panels to the road structure A gap created in (b) The process of fixing the connecting panel by inserting reinforcing bar anchors through it. The aforementioned Connecting panel The aforementioned gap The process of pouring infill material inside. (c) The aforementioned The process involves applying a surface material (such as asphalt, concrete, or various precast members like precast concrete slabs) to the top of the connecting panel. Then, the connecting panel is Overall Multiple reinforcing bars are installed, The overall structure will be a grid. It consists of precast concrete panels with concrete poured over them, and the parts where concrete has not been poured are This is the gap through which the aforementioned reinforcement anchors are inserted. 【0015】 In addition to the above-mentioned configuration, the connecting panel Overall No concrete has been poured. The aforementioned gap Reinforcing bars are present in the road structure. By inserting the reinforcing bar anchor through the gap provided in the connecting panel, In the process of fixing the connecting panel, the lower part of the reinforcing bar anchor is inserted into the road structure and fixed, and the connecting panel The aforementioned gap inside The aforementioned The upper part of the reinforcement anchor is fixed to the reinforcing bar. 【0016】 When repairing the bridge structure constructed by each process, it is possible to leave the connection panel and replace only the surface material (such as asphalt or concrete). 【0017】 Also, when a bridge expansion device is already installed, after removing the bridge expansion device The process involves, with respect to the road structure, inserting the reinforcing anchors into the gaps provided in the connecting panels to fix the connecting panels in place; casting infill material into the gaps in the connecting panels; and installing a surface material on the upper part of the connecting panels. it is possible to do so. 【Effect of the Invention】 【0018】 The simple connection method for the bridge deck in the bridge according to the present invention is a method for simply connecting the bridge deck without using a bridge expansion device, so it is possible to improve productivity and ensure quality at the construction site. In addition, by using a PCa panel as the connection panel installed on the upper part of the bridge deck, the bridge structure can be easily constructed, and the construction time can be shortened, the construction cost can be reduced, and the impact on the surrounding environment can be reduced. 【0019】 Therefore, according to the simple connection method for the bridge deck in the bridge according to the present invention, in the so-called no-joint method, it is possible to improve productivity and ensure quality at the construction site. Note that the simple connection method for the bridge deck in the bridge according to the present invention is a technology applicable when making a bridge with an already installed bridge expansion device joint-free. 【Brief Description of the Drawings】 【0020】 [Figure 1] A flowchart showing the procedure of the simple connection method for the bridge deck in the bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] A schematic diagram of the PCa connection panel used in the simple connection method for the bridge deck in the bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] A schematic diagram showing the procedure of the simple connection method for the bridge deck in the bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention (when an existing bridge expansion device is installed). [Figure 4] A schematic diagram showing the procedure of the simple connection method for the bridge deck in the bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention (the state of preparation for installing the PCa connection panel). [Figure 5]A schematic diagram showing the procedure for a simplified bridge deck connection method according to an embodiment of the present invention (installation process of PCa connection panels). [Figure 6] A schematic diagram showing the procedure for a simplified bridge deck connection method according to an embodiment of the present invention (filling process of gap-filling material). [Figure 7] A schematic diagram showing the procedure for a simplified bridge deck connection method according to an embodiment of the present invention (construction process for surface material). [Modes for carrying out the invention] 【0021】 Referring to the drawings, a simplified bridge deck slab connection method (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the simplified bridge deck connection method) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be explained. Figures 1 to 7 illustrate the simplified bridge deck connection method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the simplified bridge deck connection method (a: when there is no existing bridge expansion joint, b: when there is an existing bridge expansion joint), Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the PCa connection panel used in the simplified bridge deck connection method (a: plan view, b: longitudinal section view, c: side view), and Figures 3 to 7 are schematic diagrams showing the procedure of the simplified bridge deck connection method. Note that in Figure 1(a), "when there is no existing bridge expansion joint" refers to cases where a new connection panel is installed, such as in the construction of a new bridge, replacement of a bridge, or replacement of a bridge deck. 【0022】 <Overview of the simplified bridge slab connection method> The simple connection method for the floor slab according to the present invention is a technology related to a so-called no-joint method that does not use a bridge expansion device. As shown in Fig. 1(a), a step (S1) of fixing the connection panel by inserting a shear bar anchor through the connection panel into a road structure (for example, a floor slab), a step (S2) of placing a filling material in the gap of the connection panel, and a step (S3) of constructing a surface layer material (such as asphalt, concrete, various precast members such as precast concrete slabs, etc.) on the upper part of the connection panel are the main steps. Also, when an existing bridge expansion device is installed, as shown in Fig. 1(b), the existing bridge expansion device and the surface layer material are removed (S11), and the fixing step (S1) of the connection panel, the placing step (S2) of the filling material, and the construction step (S3) of the surface layer material described above are carried out. 【0023】 This simple connection method for the floor slab is a technology that can be particularly preferably applied when the length of the pier in the bridge axis direction is short. Also, as described above, it can be applied not only when newly constructing a connection panel such as when building a new bridge, replacing a bridge, or renewing a floor slab, but also in a bridge structure where an existing bridge expansion device is already installed. 【0024】 In the following description, the PCa-connected panel, which is the most preferable example of the connection panel, will be described. However, as long as various conditions such as ease of construction, cost, durability, etc. can be satisfied, a connection panel using steel materials, FRP, etc. can also be used. 【0025】 <PCa connection panel> The present invention is characterized by constructing a bridge structure by omitting a bridge expansion device, and it is particularly preferable to use a PCa (Precast Concrete) connection panel. The PCa connection panel 10 of this embodiment is a member prefabricated in a factory in advance. As shown in Fig. 2, this PCa connection panel 10 has a plurality of steel bars 11 arranged inside, and concrete 12 is placed in a lattice shape (grid shape). 【0026】 The precast concrete (PCa) connecting panels 10 are fixed to the floor slab 20 using multiple reinforcing bar anchors 13 (see Figures 5-7). For example, after installing the PCa connecting panels 10 on the floor slab 20, the reinforcing bar anchors 13 are welded to the reinforcing bars 11 of the PCa connecting panels 10. Then, the PCa connecting panels 10 are fixed to the floor slab 20 by filling the gaps between the PCa connecting panels 10 with a filler material 14. Depending on the construction conditions, the filler material 14 may be made of concrete, mortar, or other materials selected as appropriate. 【0027】 Furthermore, although this embodiment shows a PCa connecting panel 10 with a structure that is fixed to the floor slab 20, the PCa connecting panel 10 may also be PCa integrated with the floor slab 20. That is, the PCa floor slab 20 and the PCa connecting panel 10 integrated with the floor slab 20 can function as the PCa connecting panel 10 as defined in the present invention. 【0028】 <Extension device body> The present invention is intended for use in bridge structures that omit bridge expansion joints. However, if bridge expansion joints are already installed, the simplified bridge deck connection method according to the present invention can be applied after removing the bridge expansion joints. As shown in Figure 3, a bridge expansion joint is configured to include an expansion joint body 30. This expansion joint body 30 is a device that allows the bridge girder to expand and contract without restricting thermal expansion and contraction or creep, and without impairing the driving performance of vehicles and other vehicles passing over the bridge. 【0029】 The expansion joint body 30 in this embodiment is a conventionally used device with a general structure, and as shown in Figure 3, it has a main body 31 installed near the center in the direction of the extension of the road (direction of vehicle travel). The main body 31 is supported by a plurality of reinforcing bars 32 and is embedded inside the surface material 40. The expansion joint body 30 is fixed to the floor slab 20 by embedding the lower ends (anchor bars) of the reinforcing bars 32 into the floor slab 20. The expansion joint body 30 is also provided with a first waterproofing mechanism 33 located on the upper part of the main body 31 and a second waterproofing mechanism 34 that spans between the lower ends of adjacent surface material 40s. 【0030】 <Construction procedure for the simplified floor slab connection method> Referring to Figures 3 to 7, the construction procedure for the simplified bridge deck slab connection method according to the embodiment of the present invention will be explained. Note that the simplified bridge deck slab connection method according to the embodiment of the present invention is applicable even when bridge expansion joints are already installed. Therefore, Figures 3 to 7 include illustrations of cases where existing bridge expansion joints are installed. However, if there are no existing bridge expansion joints installed, the removal of such expansion joints is not necessary. 【0031】 Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which an existing bridge expansion joint is installed, Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which the PCa connecting panel 10 is being prepared for installation, Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which the PCa connecting panel 10 has been installed, Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the process of pouring (filling) infill material after the PCa connecting panel 10 has been installed, and Figure 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the process of applying surface material (asphalt, concrete, various precast members such as precast concrete slabs, etc.). In the following explanation, the target for fixing the PCa connecting panel 10 is the deck slab 20, but depending on the structure of the bridge, the PCa connecting panel 10 may be fixed to other road structures instead of the deck slab 20. 【0032】 The construction procedure for the simplified bridge deck connection method described below also includes the case where an existing bridge expansion joint exists. In this regard, the simplified bridge deck connection method of the present invention aims to prevent unnecessary damage to the existing bridge deck 20 and substructure, etc., caused by chipping work with breakers, etc., when removing the existing bridge expansion joint, and to reduce the noise generated in conjunction with the removal work of the bridge expansion joint. 【0033】 However, if an existing bridge expansion joint exists, the simplified bridge deck connection method according to the present invention cannot be applied unless this bridge expansion joint is removed. The simplified bridge deck connection method according to the present invention can achieve the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention after the bridge expansion joint has been removed. Therefore, the case in which an existing bridge expansion joint exists is also explained, and the step of removing this existing bridge expansion joint is a necessary step for applying the simplified bridge deck connection method according to the present invention thereafter, and therefore does not contradict the objectives of the present invention. 【0034】 <Construction Procedure> As shown in Figure 3, if an existing bridge expansion joint exists, it is necessary to remove it. Therefore, the existing bridge expansion joint is removed by chipping work using a breaker or the like. The chipping work is to secure space for installing the PCa connecting panel 10. Once the chipping work is completed, as shown in Figure 4, the lower part of the anchor reinforcement (reinforcement bars 32) that anchors the existing bridge expansion joint to the deck slab 20 remains in the deck slab 20. If there is no existing bridge expansion joint, chipping work is not necessary, but it is necessary to remove the surface material and to create space for installing the PCa connecting panel 10 (box cutting work). 【0035】 In this state, as shown in Figure 5, the PCa connecting panel 10 is installed in the lower part of the space formed by the chipping work, and the PCa connecting panel 10 is connected to the deck slab 20 using reinforcing anchors 13. Next, as shown in Figure 6, the infill material 14 is poured (filled), and as shown in Figure 7, the surface material 40 (asphalt, concrete, various precast members such as precast concrete slabs, etc.) is installed on top of the PCa connecting panel 10 to complete the bridge structure. 【0036】 As shown in Figure 6, when filling the gaps in the PCa connecting panels 10 with a filler material 14, joint material 15 is installed in the area where the second waterproofing mechanism 34 was removed. Also, as shown in Figure 7, when installing a surface material 40 (such as asphalt, concrete, or various precast members like precast concrete slabs) on top of the PCa connecting panels 10, waterproof material 50 is installed between the PCa connecting panels 10 and the surface material 40. 【0037】 In Figures 5 to 7, the anchor bars (reinforcement bars 32) of the bridge expansion joint left in the deck slab 20 and the joint material 15 to be installed after the second waterproofing mechanism 34 of the bridge expansion joint are removed are shown. However, when a new bridge structure is constructed using PCa connecting panels 10, and when the surface material 40 is repaired or replaced while the PCa connecting panels 10 are already installed, the remaining reinforcement bars 32 and joint material 15 do not exist. 【0038】 <Construction Procedure / When installing new precast concrete (PCa) connecting panels> When constructing a bridge, the embodiments of the present invention related When applying the simplified bridge deck construction method, as shown in Figure 5, PCa connecting panels 10 are installed and fixed to the bridge deck 20 using reinforcing anchors 13. Then, as shown in Figure 6, a filler material 14 is poured into the gaps of the PCa connecting panels 10. Finally, as shown in Figure 7, a surface material 40 (such as asphalt, concrete, or various precast members like precast concrete slabs) and a waterproofing material 50 are applied to the top of the PCa connecting panels 10 to complete the bridge structure. 【0039】 <Construction Procedure / When Repairing or Replacing Surface Material> Regardless of whether it is a bridge structure or not, road surface materials 40 (such as asphalt, concrete, and various precast members like precast concrete slabs) wear down and get damaged due to vehicle traffic, requiring periodic repair work. With the simplified deck slab connection method according to the embodiment of the present invention, if a bridge pier structure has already been constructed, only the surface material 40 (such as asphalt, concrete, and various precast members like precast concrete slabs) needs to be removed, and new surface material 40 (such as asphalt, concrete, and various precast members like precast concrete slabs) and waterproofing material 50 need to be installed. Therefore, construction becomes easier, the construction period can be shortened, and repair costs can be reduced. 【0040】 <Advantages compared to conventional technology> The present invention aims to promote the widespread adoption of jointless construction in bridge structures by simplifying the connection of deck slabs. Therefore, the simplified deck slab connection method according to the present invention uses concrete panels (PCa connection panels) manufactured in a grid pattern (well-frame shape), thereby simplifying the reinforcement work and reducing the amount of filler material to be poured. Furthermore, a non-shrinkable filler material (for example, non-shrinkable mortar) may be used as the gap-filling material 14. 【0041】 This makes it possible to easily achieve quick and reliable construction, thereby eliminating various obstacles to jointless bridge structures and enabling their widespread adoption. Furthermore, maintenance of the bridge structure will be limited to replacing or repairing the surface material applied to the surface, significantly reducing maintenance costs compared to bridge structures using conventional bridge expansion joints. In addition, it can improve vehicle drivability and the watertightness of the bridge structure. Moreover, if a non-shrinkable filler material is used as the infill material 14, a mobile vehicle for pouring the ultrafast-setting concrete will not be required, further reducing construction costs. [Explanation of symbols] 【0042】 10 PCa connecting panels 11 Reinforcement bars 12 Concrete 13 Reinforcement anchor 14. Filling material 15. Joint material 20 Floor slab 30 Telescopic device body 31 Main body 32 Reinforcement bars for the expansion joint body 33. First waterproof mechanism 34. Second waterproof mechanism 40 Surface material 50 Waterproof material

Claims

[Claim 1] A method for constructing a bridge structure by connecting the deck slabs of a bridge without using bridge expansion joints, The process involves fixing a connecting panel to a road structure by inserting reinforcing bar anchors through gaps provided in the connecting panel, The process of inserting a filler material into the gap in the connecting panel, The process involves applying a surface material to the upper part of the aforementioned connecting panel, Includes, The connecting panel consists of a precast concrete (PCa) panel in which multiple reinforcing bars are arranged throughout and concrete is poured to form a grid pattern, with the areas where concrete has not been poured being the gaps through which the reinforcing bar anchors are inserted. A simplified bridge deck slab connection method characterized by the following features. [Claim 2] In the entirety of the connecting panel, reinforcing bars are present in the gaps where concrete has not been poured. In the process of fixing the connecting panel to the road structure by inserting the reinforcing bar anchor through the gap provided in the connecting panel, the lower part of the reinforcing bar anchor is inserted and fixed inside the road structure, and the upper part of the reinforcing bar anchor is fixed to the reinforcing bar present in the gap of the connecting panel. A simplified bridge deck slab connection method according to claim 1, characterized in that [Claim 3] When repairing a bridge structure constructed through the aforementioned processes, the connecting panels are left in place, and only the surface material is repaired or replaced. A simple method for connecting bridge decks according to feature 1 or 2. [Claim 4] If a bridge expansion joint has already been installed, after removing the bridge expansion joint, the following steps are performed on the road structure: inserting the reinforcing anchors into the gaps in the connecting panels to fix the connecting panels in place; casting infill material into the gaps in the connecting panels; and applying a surface material to the top of the connecting panels. A simple method for connecting bridge decks according to feature 1 or 2.

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