Slope leveling member for weights and weights for slopes

Abstract

This invention provides a slope leveling member for weights and a slope weight that can reduce deviation from the starting position of the fall when falling through water or when contacting a slope. [Solution] A slope leveling member 3 for weights is attached to the underside of the weight body to constitute a slope leveling weight. The slope leveling member 3 for weights has a bottom plate 15 that is installed at an angle to the lower end of a hollow box-shaped body 10 and has a plurality of bottom through holes 21, as well as a front plate 13 that has a plurality of front through holes 18b to 18d. Inside the box-shaped body 10, there are a plurality of flow straightening plates 25a to 25c that are inclined in the opposite direction to the bottom plate 15. As the slope leveling weight falls through the water, water flows in from the bottom through holes 21, passes through the water channel inside the box-shaped body 10, is straightened by the flow straightening plates 25a to 25c, and is discharged from the front through holes 18b to 18d. The reaction force of the water flow discharged from the front through holes 18b to 18d and the horizontal component of the force that the flow straightening plates 25a to 25c receive from the water act as a counterforce against the force acting on the bottom plate 15.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a slope leveling member for a weight, which is used by being attached to a weight to level the slope of a rubble mound formed on a water bottom, and a slope weight formed using the slope leveling member for a weight. [Background Art]

[0002] When a structure such as a breakwater or caisson is installed in the ocean, a lake, or a marsh, a rubble mound is formed on the water bottom as a foundation for the structure. The rubble mound has a slope formed between a horizontal upper surface on which the structure is installed and the water bottom, and has a generally trapezoidal cross section. In the construction work for building such a rubble mound, a rubble leveling step is performed in which rubble thrown onto the water bottom is leveled by a weight operated from a crane ship. In this rubble leveling step, a slope weight has been conventionally proposed as a weight used for leveling the slope of a rubble mound (see Patent Document 1).

[0003] The conventional slope weight described above includes a steel pipe provided with a connecting fitting for a hanging wire at the upper end, a cover surrounding the lower end of the steel pipe, and a bottom plate sealing the lower ends of the steel pipe and the cover, and sand is filled into the steel pipe and the cover above the bottom plate to form a weight head. In this slope weight, the bottom plate is formed to be inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the steel pipe. The inclination angle of the bottom plate is set to a value that matches the design value of the inclination angle of the slope of the rubble mound. This slope weight is suspended by a crane of a crane ship, dropped into water from above the slope of the rubble mound, and the bottom plate is brought into contact with the rubble. Thereafter, the slope weight is lifted by the crane. By repeating such dropping and lifting of the slope weight, the slope of the rubble mound is leveled, so that the inclination angle of the slope becomes the design value. [Prior Art Documents] [Patent Documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2000-096569 [Summary of the Invention] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] In the conventional slope weights described above, the base plate is inclined relative to the longitudinal direction of the steel pipe. Therefore, when the weight falls through water or comes into contact with a rubble mound, a force including a horizontal component acts on the base plate. This force causes a horizontal displacement between the starting position of the slope weight's descent and the position where it contacts the slope. As a result, it becomes difficult to level the slope as designed, leading to a problem of reduced leveling accuracy.

[0006] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a slope leveling member for weights that can reduce the deviation from the starting position when a slope weight falls through water or comes into contact with a slope, and can level the slope of a rubble mound with good accuracy, and a slope weight using the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a weighted slope leveling member which is attached to the lower side of a weighted body having a main column whose upper end is connected to a suspension wire and a weight installed on the lower side of the main column, and is used to level the slope of a submerged rubble mound. The main column is inclined with respect to its longitudinal direction so as to form an angle corresponding to the design value of the slope angle of the above-mentioned slope, and the base plate is in contact with the rubble that forms the slope, The base plate is characterized by having a counterforce generating unit that generates a counterforce against the horizontal component of the force acting on it from water or rubble, using the hydrodynamic force of water as it falls through the water.

[0008] According to the above configuration, the weight-bearing slope leveling member is attached to the weight body and dropped at the position where the slope of the rubble mound is to be leveled. When the weight-bearing slope leveling member attached to the weight body falls through the water, or when the bottom plate of the weight-bearing slope leveling member comes into contact with the rubble, the bottom plate is inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the main column, so a force including a horizontal component acts on this bottom plate. Here, the counterforce generation unit generates a counterforce that opposes the horizontal component of the force acting on the bottom plate from the water or rubble, due to the hydrodynamic force of the water when the weight-bearing slope leveling member falls through the water. Here, the hydrodynamic force of water refers to forces that arise with the movement of water, such as the reaction force that occurs in the opposite direction to the direction of water injection due to water injection, or the force that acts on an inclined surface when water flow acts on an inclined surface. The counterforce generated by the counterforce generation unit is a force that includes a horizontal component opposite to the horizontal component of the force acting on the bottom plate. This counteracting force reduces the horizontal component of the force acting on the base plate, thereby reducing the displacement of the weight-bearing slope leveling member. As a result, the base plate of the weight-bearing slope leveling member can be brought into contact with the slope of the rubble mound with reduced displacement from the starting position of the fall. Consequently, the slope of the rubble mound can be leveled with good accuracy.

[0009] One embodiment of the weight-bearing slope leveling member comprises a box-shaped body fixed to the lower end of the weight body of the weight-bearing main body, with the bottom plate provided at its lower end. The above-mentioned counterforce generating unit, The bottom plate has a water inlet formed therein into which water flows in, A water outlet is formed on the front of the box-shaped body for discharging water, A water guide section is formed inside the box-shaped body and guides the water that flows in from the water inlet to the water outlet. It holds.

[0010] According to the above embodiment, the weighted slope leveling member comprises a box-shaped body, and when this box-shaped body is fixed to the lower end of the weight body of the weighted body, the bottom plate of the weighted slope leveling member is positioned at the lower end. When this weighted slope leveling member fixed to the weight body falls through the water, water flows in through a water inlet formed in the bottom plate. The incoming water is guided to a water guide inside the box-shaped body and then discharged from a water outlet formed on the front of the box-shaped body. Here, the front of the box-shaped body is the surface that extends vertically when the weight body is suspended, and is connected to the vicinity of the lower edge of the inclined bottom plate provided at the lower end of the box-shaped body. Due to the reaction of the water flow discharged from the water outlet on this front, a reaction force opposite to the direction of water discharge acts on the box-shaped body. Here, since the normal of the front of the box-shaped body is oriented horizontally, the reaction force associated with the drainage from the water outlet has a horizontal component. Furthermore, since the front surface of the box-shaped body extends vertically in line with the lower edge of the inclined bottom plate, the horizontal component of the reaction force associated with drainage from the water outlet is in the opposite direction to the horizontal component of the force received by the bottom plate from water and rubble. Therefore, the reaction force associated with drainage from the water outlet acts as a counterforce, reducing the displacement of the weight-bearing slope leveling member. In this way, the counterforce generation section formed by the water inlet, water outlet, and water guide section reduces the displacement of the weight-bearing slope leveling member.

[0011] In one embodiment of the weighted slope leveling member, multiple water inlets are formed in the bottom plate, and a mesh-like body is installed at each water inlet.

[0012] According to the above embodiment, as the weighted slope leveling member falls through the water, a sufficient amount of water flows in from multiple water inlets. Therefore, a sufficient amount of water is discharged from the water outlet, effectively obtaining counteracting force. In addition, the mesh-like material provided at the water inlets prevents foreign matter from entering the water inlets.

[0013] One embodiment of the weighted slope leveling member is provided in the water guide section and has a flow straightening section that straightens the water flow from the water inlet to the water outlet.

[0014] According to the above embodiment, as the weighted slope leveling member falls through the water, the water flowing from the water inlet into the water guide section is straightened in the flow straightening section and effectively guided to the water outlet for discharge. Therefore, this weighted slope leveling member can effectively exert counteracting force.

[0015] In one embodiment, the slope leveling member for weights includes a plate-like body in which the flow straightening portion is arranged to traverse the water guiding portion in the width direction.

[0016] According to the above embodiment, as the weighted slope leveling member falls through the water, the water that flows into the water guide section from the water inlet is effectively straightened by the plate-like body of the flow straightening section, which is arranged to traverse the width of the water guide section, and then discharged from the water outlet. Therefore, this weighted slope leveling member can effectively exert resistance.

[0017] In one embodiment, the slope leveling member for weights includes a plate-like body in which the flow straightening portion is inclined in the opposite direction to the bottom plate when viewed in a side cross-section.

[0018] According to the above embodiment, as the weighted slope leveling member falls through the water, the water flowing into the water guide section from the water inlet is effectively straightened by the plate-like body of the flow straightening section, which is inclined in the opposite direction to the bottom plate. Furthermore, a fluid force having a horizontal component opposite to the horizontal component of the force acting on the bottom plate acts on the plate-like body. Therefore, this weighted slope leveling member can effectively exert a counteracting force.

[0019] One embodiment of the weight-bearing slope leveling member comprises a box-shaped body fixed to the lower end of the weight body of the weight-bearing main body, with the bottom plate provided at its lower end. The counterforce generating unit is attached to the outer surface of the box-shaped body and has a plate-like body that is inclined in the opposite direction to the bottom plate when viewed from the side.

[0020] According to the above embodiment, the slope leveling member for weight includes a box-shaped body, and when the box-shaped body is fixed to the lower end of the weight body of the weight main body, the bottom plate of the slope leveling member for weight is disposed at the lower end. When the slope leveling member for weight fixed to the weight main body falls in water, a force including a horizontal component opposite to the horizontal component of the force acting on the bottom plate acts on the plate-shaped body provided on the outer side surface of the box-shaped body and inclined in a direction opposite to the bottom plate. Therefore, in this slope leveling member for weight, the force acting on the plate-shaped body acts as a counteracting force, which can reduce displacement of the slope leveling member for weight. In this way, displacement of the slope leveling member for weight can be reduced by the counteracting force generating unit having the plate-shaped body inclined in a direction opposite to the bottom plate. Here, the plate-shaped body can be installed on the side surface, front surface, back surface, or the like as the outer side surface of the box-shaped body.

[0021] The slope weight of the present invention is characterized in that the slope leveling member for weight of the present invention is attached to the lower side of a weight main body that has a main pillar body with an upper end connected to a suspension wire and a weight body disposed on the lower side of the main pillar body.

[0022] According to the above configuration, the slope weight of the present invention can be easily configured by attaching the slope leveling member for weight of the present invention to the lower side of the weight main body having the main pillar body and the weight body.

[0023] In the slope weight according to one embodiment, the weight main body is a horizontal plane weight for leveling the horizontal plane of a riprap mound.

[0024] According to the above embodiment, the weight main body is used as a horizontal plane weight to level the horizontal plane of the riprap mound, and the slope of the riprap mound can be leveled using the slope weight formed by attaching the slope leveling member for weight to the weight main body. In this way, by using the slope leveling member for weight of the present invention and the weight main body, both the horizontal plane and the slope of the riprap mound can be leveled with a common weight main body, so the riprap leveling process can be performed efficiently. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] [Figure 1]This is a schematic diagram showing how the rubble leveling process is performed using a slope weight according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram showing, from the side, the process of leveling the slope of a rubble mound using slope-leveling weights. [Figure 3] This is a side cross-sectional view showing a weight used for slope stabilization. [Figure 4] This is a side cross-sectional view showing a slope leveling member for weights according to an embodiment. [Figure 5] This is a front view of a slope leveling member used with weights. [Figure 6] This is a bottom view showing the base plate of the slope leveling member used for weights. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0026] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the rubble leveling process using a slope weight according to an embodiment of the present invention. The rubble leveling process is carried out as part of the construction of a rubble mound M, which serves as the foundation for a breakwater, on the seabed. The rubble mound M has a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape, as partially shown in Figure 1. That is, the rubble mound M has a horizontal surface H on which the breakwater will be installed, and a slope S connecting this horizontal surface H and the seabed. The rubble leveling process involves leveling the rubble that has been placed on the seabed, which serves as the bottom of the sea, with a weight to form the horizontal surface H and the slope S of the rubble mound.

[0028] In the rubble leveling process, a crane ship 31 is used to operate the weights. This crane ship 31 comprises a barge 32 and a crane 33 installed on the barge 32. The barge 32 has no power and is towed by a tugboat. However, the barge may be a self-propelled vessel with power. The crane 33 comprises a crane body 35 that rotates around a pivot center on the barge 32, a boom 36 that luffs around the luffing center of the crane body 35, and a main wire 37 that hangs down from the tip of the boom 36. The crane body 35 is equipped with a hydraulic motor and a hydraulic pump as power sources to drive the rotation of the crane body 35, the luffing of the boom 36, and the main wire 37. A weight is suspended by the main wire 37, and the operator of the crane 33 performs a leveling operation using the weight by controlling the rotation of the crane body 35, the luffing of the boom 36, and the winding, unwinding, stopping, and releasing of the main wire 37. In Figure 1, a slope weight 1 is connected to the main wire 37 in order to level the slope S of the rubble mound M.

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the slope leveling of the slope S of the rubble mound M using the slope leveling weight 1 of the embodiment, viewed from the side of the slope leveling weight 1. Figure 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the slope leveling weight 1, obtained by cutting vertically between the front and back of the slope leveling weight 1, viewed from the same side as in Figure 2. The slope leveling weight 1 of the embodiment is constructed by attaching the slope leveling member 3 for the weight of the embodiment of the present invention to the lower side of the weight body 2, which functions as a weight for horizontal surfaces.

[0030] The weight body 2 of the slope weight 1 of this embodiment includes an upper pipe 4 having hooks 9,9 at its upper end to which a main wire 37 is connected, a lower pipe 5 connected to the lower end of the upper pipe 4, a horizontal base plate 6 fixed to the lower end of the lower pipe 5, a plurality of weight plates 7,7,7,... stacked on the horizontal base plate 6 so as to surround the lower pipe 5, and concrete 8 filled inside the lower pipe 5.

[0031] The upper pipe 4 of the weight body 2 is made of steel pipe, and its upper and lower ends are sealed with steel plates. The lower pipe 5 is made of steel pipe, and its upper end is sealed with a steel plate, while its lower end is sealed with the horizontal base plate 6. The horizontal base plate 6 is made of a square steel plate with sides larger than the diameter of the lower pipe 5, and extends in a flange shape from the lower end of the lower pipe 5 at a right angle to the longitudinal direction of the lower pipe 5. The central axes of the upper pipe 4 and the lower pipe 5 are aligned in a straight line, and the central axes of the upper pipe 4 and the lower pipe 5 coincide with the intersection of the diagonals of the horizontal base plate 6. Multiple weight plates 7,7,7,... each having a circular opening in the center are arranged on the upper surface of the horizontal base plate 6 so as to surround the lower pipe 5. The leveling force of the weight can be adjusted by adjusting the number of these weight plates 7,7,7,... installed. The upper pipe 4 described above corresponds to the main column body of the present invention, and the lower pipe 5 filled with concrete 8 and the weight plate 7 described above correspond to the weight body of the present invention.

[0032] The horizontal base plate 6 of the weight body 2 is formed such that when the weight body 2 is suspended by the main wire 37 connected to the hooks 9, 9 at the upper end of the upper pipe 4, its bottom surface is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the upper pipe 4. By dropping the weight body 2 suspended by the main wire 37 and bringing the bottom surface of the horizontal base plate 6 into contact with the rubble, the rubble can be leveled horizontally. In this way, the weight body 2 can function as a weight for horizontal surfaces.

[0033] Figure 4 is a side cross-sectional view showing the weight-bearing slope leveling member 3 of the embodiment. Similar to Figure 3, it is a side cross-sectional view of the cross-section obtained by cutting vertically between the front and back of the weight-bearing slope leveling member 3, viewed from the same side as in Figure 2. Figure 5 is a front view of the weight-bearing slope leveling member 3, and Figure 6 is a bottom view showing the bottom plate 15 of the weight-bearing slope leveling member 3. The bottom view in Figure 6 is a view of the bottom plate 15, which is inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the weight-bearing body 2 when the weight-bearing slope leveling member 3 is attached to the weight body 2, viewed from the direction normal to the bottom plate 15.

[0034] The weight-bearing slope leveling member 3 of this embodiment is formed including a hollow steel box-shaped body 10. When this box-shaped body 10 is attached to the weight body 2 and suspended as shown in Figures 1 and 2, it is formed of side plates 12, 12 that form the left and right sides when viewed from the side of the crane 33, a top plate 11 that forms the upper end surface, a front plate 13 that forms the front, a back plate 14 that forms the back, and a bottom plate 15 attached to the lower ends of the left and right side plates 12, 12, the front plate 13 and the back plate 14.

[0035] The side plates 12, 12 that form the left and right sides of the box-shaped body 10 of the weight-bearing slope leveling member 3 have a right-angled trapezoidal shape with the lower side being the hypotenuse, as can be seen in the side views of Figures 1 and 2 when the weight-bearing body 2 is attached to it and suspended. Multiple side through holes 17, 17 that communicate with the inside of the box-shaped body 10 are formed on the upper part of these side plates 12. Two of these side through holes 17 are installed in the center and on the front side of the upper part of the side plate 12. These side through holes 17, 17 act as air vents to expel air from inside the box-shaped body 10 when the weight-bearing slope leveling member 3 falls from the air into the water.

[0036] As shown in Figure 5, the front plate 13 that forms the front of the box-shaped body 10 of the weight-bearing slope leveling member 3 has a rectangular shape in which the width direction is longer than the height direction. Multiple front through holes 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, and 18e are formed in this front plate 13, extending over an area that occupies 90% of the height from the top edge when viewed from the front, to serve as water discharge ports. These front through holes 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, and 18e consist of horizontally elongated rectangular front through holes 18a, 18b, 18c, and 18d formed in four stages from the top edge of the front, and a vertically elongated rectangular front through hole 18e formed in the fifth stage. All of the front through holes 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, and 18e have rounded corners. Three front through holes 18a in the first stage are formed at the left end, center, and right end in the width direction when viewed from the front of the front plate 13. The front through holes 18b, 18c, and 18d in the second to fourth stages are formed in each stage, with four holes evenly spaced between the left and right ends in the width direction when viewed from the front of the front plate 13. The front through holes 18e in the fifth stage are formed in each stage, with five holes evenly spaced between the left and right ends in the width direction when viewed from the front of the front plate 13. In this way, the front plate 13 has 20 front through holes 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, and 18e formed as water outlets. The front of the slope leveling member 3 for the weight, formed by this front plate 13, is positioned opposite the crane 33 that suspends the slope weight 1 when leveling the slope S of the rubble mound M with the slope weight 1. Here, the number of front through holes as water outlets, the shape of each front through hole, the number of stages in which the front through holes are arranged, and the number in each stage are not limited to the example described above.

[0037] The back plate 14 that forms the back of the box-shaped body 10 of the weight-bearing slope leveling member 3 described above is composed of plate-like bodies arranged to connect the short sides of the left and right trapezoidal side plates 12, 12 to each other.

[0038] The bottom plate 15, which forms the bottom surface of the box-shaped body 10 of the weight-type slope leveling member 3, is positioned at an angle with respect to the longitudinal direction of the upper pipe 4 and lower pipe 5 of the weight-type body 2, i.e., the central axis of the upper pipe 4 and lower pipe 5, when attached to the weight-type body 2 and suspended. Here, being inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the upper pipe 4 and lower pipe 5 means forming an angle between 0° and 90° with respect to a plane that intersects perpendicularly with respect to the central axis of the upper pipe 4 and lower pipe 5. In other words, when the slope leveling member 3 for weights is attached to the weight-type body 2 and the resulting slope weight 1 is suspended, the bottom plate 15 is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to a horizontal plane that intersects perpendicularly with respect to the vertical direction in which the upper pipe 4 and lower pipe 5 face. The inclination angle of this bottom plate 15 is set to an angle corresponding to the design value of the slope angle of the slope S to be leveled, preferably the same angle as the design value. As shown in the bottom view of Figure 6, the bottom plate 15 has four through-holes 21, 21, 21, 21 formed therein, serving as multiple water inlets. These through-holes 21 have a rectangular shape that is elongated in the front-to-back direction between the front and back sides, with two formed in the width direction and two in the front-to-back direction of the bottom plate 15. The bottom plate 15, with these through-holes 21 formed therein, has a grid-like shape. A three-dimensional steel mesh 22 is installed in each of the above-mentioned through-holes 21. The three-dimensional steel mesh 22 is formed by arranging rectangular steel plates with their short sides perpendicular to the extending surface in a grid pattern. For example, a grating can be used as the three-dimensional steel mesh 22. This three-dimensional steel mesh 22 has the strength to withstand the impact when the bottom plate 15 comes into contact with rubble. This three-dimensional steel mesh 22 prevents foreign matter from flowing into the box-shaped body 10 from the through-holes 21.

[0039] The inside of the box-shaped body 10 of the weighted slope leveling member 3 functions as a water guide section that directs water flowing in from the bottom through-hole 21 of the bottom plate 15 to the front through-holes 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, and 18e of the front plate 13. Multiple flow straightening plates 25a, 25b, and 25c are installed in this water guide section, which is the inside of the box-shaped body 10 of the weighted slope leveling member 3, as a flow straightening section that straightens the water flowing from the bottom through-hole 21 to the front through-holes 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, and 18e. Three of these flow straightening plates 25a, 25b, and 25c are installed in order from closest to the top plate 11: the first flow straightening plate 25a, the second flow straightening plate 25b, and the third flow straightening plate 25c. The first to third rectifier plates 25a, 25b, and 25c described above are made of steel plates and are arranged to traverse the width of the inside of the box-shaped body 10. That is, the left and right edges of the rectifier plates 25a, 25b, and 25c are fixed to the inner surfaces of the side plates 12, 12 of the box-shaped body 10. In addition, the rear edges of the rectifier plates 25a, 25b, and 25c face the vicinity of the inner surface of the bottom plate 15, while the front edges are fixed to the inner surface of the front plate 13.

[0040] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4, the first to third rectifier plates 25a, 25b, and 25c are arranged in a side cross-sectional view so as to be inclined in the opposite direction to the bottom plate 15, from near the inner surface of the bottom plate 15 to the inner surface of the front plate 13. That is, the bottom plate 15 is inclined downward from the back to the front of the box-shaped body 10, while the first to third rectifier plates 25a, 25b, and 25c are inclined upward from the back to the front of the box-shaped body 10. The first to third rectifier plates 25a, 25b, and 25c are arranged parallel to each other and have the same inclination angle. The inclination angle of these rectifier plates 25a, 25b, and 25c with respect to the horizontal plane is set to be smaller than the inclination angle of the bottom plate 15 with respect to the horizontal plane. In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the base plate 15 with respect to the horizontal plane is set to 30°, while the inclination angles of the first to third flow straightening plates 25a, 25b, and 25c with respect to the horizontal plane are set to 15°. Here, it is preferable that the inclination angles of the flow straightening plates 25a, 25b, and 25c be set to 40% to 100% of the inclination angle of the base plate 15. Furthermore, the inclination angle of the base plate 15 may be set to other angles depending on the angle of the slope to be leveled.

[0041] The first to third rectifier plates 25a, 25b, and 25c are formed such that their dimensions in the front-to-back direction decrease in that order. As a result, the rear edge of the first rectifier plate 25a is located near the inner surface of the base plate 15 and approximately above the center of the bottom through-hole 21 on the rear side of the base plate 15. Similarly, the rear edge of the second rectifier plate 25b is located near the inner surface of the base plate 15 and above the rear portion of the bottom through-hole 21 on the front side of the base plate 15. Furthermore, the rear edge of the third rectifier plate 25c is located near the inner surface of the base plate 15 and above the center of the bottom through-hole 21 on the front side of the base plate 15.

[0042] On the other hand, the first to third rectifier plates 25a, 25b, and 25c are each fixed to the front plate 13 with their front edges on the inside, in that order from the top end to the bottom end. Specifically, the front edge of the first rectifier plate 25a is fixed to the front plate 13 so as to overlap with the lower part of the first front through hole 18a, as shown in Figure 5. The front edge of the second rectifier plate 25b is fixed to the front plate 13 so as to be located between the second front through hole 18b and the third front through hole 18c of the front plate 13. The front edge of the third rectifier plate 25c is fixed to the front plate 13 so as to overlap with the center of the fourth front through hole 18d of the front plate 13. The front edges of the first to third rectifier plates 25a, 25b, and 25c are fixed so as to be parallel to each other with the upper edge of the front plate 13.

[0043] In the weighted slope leveling member 3 of this embodiment, the bottom through holes 21, 21, 21, 21 as water inlets, the front through holes 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, 18e as water outlets, the inside of the box-shaped body 10 as a water guide, and the flow straightening plates 25a, 25b, 25c as flow straightening sections form the counterforce generating section of the present invention.

[0044] In this embodiment, the weight-bearing slope leveling member 3 has a box-shaped body 10 with a top plate 11 extending to the front and back sides, forming mounting flanges (not shown). On the other hand, support flanges (not shown) are fixed horizontally to the front and back end faces of the horizontal bottom plate 6 of the weight body 2. The weight-bearing slope leveling member 3 is detachably fixed to the underside of the horizontal bottom plate 6 of the weight body 2 by fastening bolts and nuts between the support flanges of the horizontal bottom plate 6 and the mounting flanges of the weight-bearing slope leveling member 3.

[0045] Next, we will explain a method for leveling the slope S of a rubble mound M using a slope weight 1 to which the slope leveling member 3 for weights with the above configuration is connected.

[0046] First, the main body of the weight 2 is assembled on land or on the barge 32, and the slope leveling member 3 for the weight is fixed to the underside of the horizontal base plate 6 of the assembled main body of the weight 2 with bolts and nuts to assemble the slope weight 1. After this, the crane ship 31 is towed to the position where the slope S of the rubble mound M should be leveled. Here, the crane ship 31 is positioned in the direction of the toe of the slope S in a plan view, rather than the position where the slope S should be leveled. Next, the main wire 37 of the crane 33 is connected to the hook 9 of the main body of the weight 2, and the operator operates the crane 33 to lift the slope weight 1 and position the slope weight 1 above the position where the slope S of the rubble mound M should be leveled. Next, the main wire 37 of the crane 33 is released, and the slope weight 1 is dropped from a predetermined height, causing the bottom plate 15 of the slope leveling member 3 to contact and strike the rubble on the slope S of the rubble mound M. At this point, the three-dimensional steel mesh 22 of the slope leveling member 3 also comes into contact with the rubble. Subsequently, the main wire 37 of the crane 33 is wound up to lift the slope weight 1 to a predetermined height, and then the main wire 37 of the crane 33 is released again, causing the slope weight 1 to drop to the position where the slope S is to be leveled. By repeating this lifting and dropping of the slope weight 1, the slope S is leveled.

[0047] Here, when the slope weight 1 falls to the leveling position on the slope S, the slope leveling member 3 for the weight at the lower end of the slope weight 1 falls through the water. At this time, water flows in through the bottom through holes 21, 21, 21, 21 formed in the bottom plate 15 of the slope leveling member 3 for the weight. The incoming water is guided to the water guide section which is the inside of the box-shaped body 10, straightened by the straightening plates 25a, 25b, 25c, and guided to the front through holes 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, 18e formed in the front plate 13 of the box-shaped body 10, and discharged from these front through holes 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, 18e. Since the front through-holes 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, and 18e are formed in the front plate 13 with normals facing horizontally, a reaction force including a horizontal component acts on the box-shaped body 10 due to the reaction of the water flow discharged from the front through-holes 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, and 18e. The horizontal component of this reaction force including a horizontal component is in the opposite direction to the force that the bottom plate 15 receives from the water when it falls. Therefore, the reaction force associated with drainage from the front through-holes 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, and 18e acts as a counterforce against the horizontal force acting on the bottom plate 15. Furthermore, since the rectifier plates 25a, 25b, and 25c are inclined in the opposite direction to the base plate 15 in a side cross-sectional view, a fluid force with a horizontal component opposite to the horizontal component of the force acting on the base plate 15 is acted upon by the water flowing in from the lower bottom through holes 21, 21, 21, 21. Therefore, the force received by the rectifier plates 25a, 25b, and 25c from the water acts as a counterforce against the horizontal force acting on the base plate 15. Due to these counterforces, even if the base plate 15 receives a force from the water directed toward the front, the horizontal displacement of the weight slope leveling member 3 and the weight body 2 can be effectively reduced, and as a result, the displacement of the slope weight 1 from its starting position can be reduced.

[0048] Furthermore, when the bottom plate 15 of the slope leveling member 3 for the weight 1 for slopes comes into contact with the rubble-covered slope S, it receives a reaction force from the rubble on the slope S. This reaction force is directed in the direction normal to the slope S and includes a horizontal component that moves away from the slope S, causing displacement of the slope leveling member 3 for the weight. Here, the slope leveling member 3 for the weight exerts a counteracting force that includes the reaction force associated with drainage from the front through holes 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, and 18e, and the reaction force that the flow straightening plates 25a, 25b, and 25c receive from the water, until just before the bottom plate 15 makes contact. Therefore, the influence of the horizontal component of the reaction force from the slope S acting on the bottom plate 15 can be effectively reduced. Consequently, displacement of the slope leveling member 3 for the weight and the weight body 2 can be effectively reduced, and the displacement of the slope weight 1 from its starting position can be reduced.

[0049] In this way, the offset of the slope weight 1 when it falls through the water and when it contacts the slope S is reduced by the counterforce generating part provided on the slope leveling member 3 for the weight. As a result, the offset in the horizontal direction and along the slope S between the position where the slope weight 1 starts to fall and the position where it contacts the slope S can be reduced. Consequently, the slope S can be leveled by repeatedly dropping and lifting the slope weight 1 with less offset, allowing the slope S to be leveled with higher precision than before.

[0050] Once the leveling work using the slope weight 1 described above is completed over the entire area of ​​the slope S, the leveling process for the slope S is finished. After this, the slope leveling member 3 for the weight is removed from the slope weight 1, leaving only the weight body 2. This weight body 2 is then used as a weight for the horizontal surface, and the crane 33 of the crane ship 31 is used to repeatedly drop and lift it onto the rubble on the horizontal surface H of the rubble mound M to perform the leveling process for the horizontal surface H. In this way, according to the slope weight 1 of this embodiment, by attaching and detaching the slope leveling member 3 for the weight body 2, the leveling process for both the slope S and the horizontal surface H of the rubble mound M can be performed using a single weight body 2.

[0051] In the above embodiment, the weighted slope leveling member 3 had three rectifier plates 25a, 25b, and 25c inside the box-shaped body 10, but the number of rectifier plates is not limited to three. Also, the shape of the rectifier plates is not limited to a flat plate shape, but may be a plate shape with a curved portion, for example. Also, the edges of the rectifier plates on both the left and right sides and the front side were fixed to the inner surface of the box-shaped body 10 that forms the water guide section, but only the edges on both the left and right sides may be fixed. Also, the rectifier plates were arranged so as to traverse the width direction of the water guide section inside the box-shaped body 10, but this is not limited to this. For example, two rectifier plates separated in the width direction may have their respective edges fixed to the inner surfaces of the left and right side plates 12, 12 of the box-shaped body 10.

[0052] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, a counterforce generating section was formed by a bottom through-hole 21 as a water inlet, front through-holes 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, 18e as water outlets, the inside of the box-shaped body 10 as a water guide, and flow straightening plates 25a, 25b, 25c as flow straightening sections. However, the weight-type slope leveling member of the present invention may also include other counterforce generating sections. For example, as another counterforce generating section, a plate-shaped body may be installed attached to the outer surface of the box-shaped body 10 and inclined in the opposite direction to the bottom plate 15 in a side view. The installation position of the plate-shaped body may be any of the side plates 12, front plate 13, and back plate 14 of the box-shaped body 10. When the plate-shaped body is installed on the side plates 12, it is preferable to install it on both the left and right side plates 12, 12. Also, when the plate-shaped body as a counterforce generating section is installed on the outer surface of the box-shaped body 10, the water inlet, water outlet, water guide, and flow straightening section do not need to be provided.

[0053] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, a counterforce generating section was formed by a bottom through-hole 21 as a water inlet, front through-holes 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, 18e as water outlets, the inside of the box-shaped body 10 as a water guide section, and flow straightening plates 25a, 25b, 25c as a flow straightening section. However, the flow straightening plates 25a, 25b, 25c as a flow straightening section do not necessarily have to be provided.

[0054] The slope leveling member 3 and slope weight 1 for this embodiment were used to level a rubble mound M as the foundation of a breakwater, but the present invention can be applied to level the foundations of other structures other than breakwaters, such as caissons. Furthermore, the present invention can be applied not only to the seabed but also when constructing foundations on the bottom of lakes, swamps, ponds, etc. Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of the foundation formed on the bottom of the water is not limited to a trapezoid.

[0055] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and many modifications are possible within the technical concept of the present invention by those with ordinary skill in the art. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0056] 1. Weights for slopes 2 Weight body 3 Slope leveling member for weight 4 Upper tube 5 Lower tube 6 horizontal bottom plate 7 Weight plate 8. Concrete 9 hooks 10 Box-shaped body 11 Top plate 12 Side panels 13 Front plate 14 Back plate 15 Bottom plate 18a,18b,18c,18d,18e Front through hole 21 Bottom through hole 22 Three-dimensional steel mesh 25a,25b,25c rectifier plate M - The sacrificial mound H horizontal plane S slope

Claims

1. A weight-type slope leveling member is attached to the lower side of a weight body having a main column whose upper end is connected to a suspension wire and a weight installed on the lower side of the main column, and is used to level the slope of a submerged rubble mound. The main column is inclined with respect to its longitudinal direction so as to form an angle corresponding to the design value of the slope angle of the above-mentioned slope, and the base plate is in contact with the rubble that forms the slope, A box-shaped body fixed to the lower end of the weight body of the above-mentioned weight, with the bottom plate provided at its lower end, The bottom plate has a water inlet formed therein into which water flows, A water outlet is formed on the front of the box-shaped body for discharging water, A water guide section is formed inside the box-shaped body and guides the water that flows in from the water inlet to the water outlet. A slope leveling member for use with a weight, characterized by comprising the above.

2. In the slope leveling member for weights according to claim 1, A slope leveling member for use with a weight, characterized in that multiple water inlets are formed in the bottom plate, and a mesh-like body is installed in each water inlet.

3. In the slope leveling member for weights according to claim 1, A slope leveling member for a weight, characterized by having a flow straightening section provided in the water intake section and having a flow straightening section that straightens the water flow from the water inlet to the water outlet.

4. In the slope leveling member for weights according to claim 3, A slope leveling member for weights, characterized in that the flow straightening section includes a plate-like body arranged to traverse the water guide section in the width direction.

5. In the slope leveling member for weights according to claim 3, A slope leveling member for weights, characterized in that the flow straightening section includes a plate-like body that is inclined in the opposite direction to the bottom plate when viewed in a side cross-section.

6. A slope leveling member for weights as described in claim 1, characterized in that it is attached to the lower side of a weight body having a main column whose upper end is connected to a suspension wire and a weight installed on the lower side of the main column.

7. A slope weight according to claim 6, characterized in that the weight body is a horizontal weight for leveling the horizontal surface of a rubble mound.

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