Novel methods and related tools for converting CBD to THC

Abstract

The present invention relates to methods for producing THC from CBD using non-aggressive techniques that result in substantially high yields, as well as devices constructed according to these novel methods. The methods and devices are materially efficient and, in certain embodiments, solvent-free. In particular, in certain embodiments, these methods and related devices are suitable for the commercial production of THC from CBD. Furthermore, in certain embodiments, the present invention provides methods for producing THC from CBD that allow for tuning to select the ratio of THC-8 to THC-9.

Description

INNOVATIVE METHODS AND RELATED TOOLS FOR CONVERSION CBD TO THC ratio RELATED APPLICATIONS The present invention claims priority to U.S. provisional patent application No. e62 / 791,122, filed on January 11, 2019, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The cannabinoids found predominantly in cannabis plant material, commonly referred to as tetrahydrocannabinol (“THC”) and cannabidiol (“CBS”), are in fact (-)-trans-A9-THC and (-)-irans-A1-CBD. Additionally, (-)-trans-Δθ-THC is also routinely detected in plant isolates, albeit in small quantities, and is frequently included within the THC category. These naturally occurring compounds have been proposed for use in treating a growing list of medical conditions, including epilepsy, pain, inflammation, anxiety reduction, sleep improvement, multiple sclerosis, neuropathic pain, spasticity, overactive bladder, nausea and vomiting, and appetite stimulation. Others have found these compounds suitable for recreational use due to some of their psychoactive properties. In any case, these compounds have garnered significant pharmacological interest over the past 20 years. However, despite significant recent advances in synthetic cannabinoid chemistry and the availability of plant-produced CBD, particularly in genetically modified cannabis plant material, very little progress has been made in advancing the production of commercially relevant quantities of THC from CBD. In fact, the known synthetic processes for producing THC that have been developed have required harsh reagents, including the use of Brensted or Lewis acids and solvation conditions, unsuitable for large-scale commercial production. Furthermore, in many cases, these THC synthesis processes have yielded, at best, low THC production, making the use of these synthesis schemes prohibitively expensive.Given this lack of success in the chemical synthesis of THC, commercial THC production has generally been relegated to improving isolation techniques and plant-based engineering for the extraction of the natural product. Therefore, it remains necessary to find methods for producing THC from CBD that use a non-aggressive methodology with higher yields, particularly in a form suitable for commercial production. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention relates to methods for producing THC from CBD using non-aggressive methods that result in substantially high yields, as well as devices constructed according to these novel methods. The methods and devices are material-efficient and, in certain embodiments, solvent-free. In particular, in certain embodiments, these methods and related devices are suitable for the commercial production of THC from CBD. Furthermore, in certain embodiments, the present invention provides methods for producing THC from CBD that allow for tuning to select the ratio of THC-8 to THC-9. As such, one aspect of the present invention provides a materially efficient method for converting cannabidiol (CBD) to tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). The method comprises the step of introducing CBD into acid-enriched solid support particles to create a CBD-activated accelerated conversion environment, such that THC is produced. Another aspect of the present invention provides an efficient, tunable material method for converting cannabidiol (CBD) to tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). The method comprises the step of introducing CBD into acid-enriched solid support particles to create a CBD-activated accelerated conversion environment, such that THC is selectively produced in the accelerated conversion environment. Another aspect of the present invention provides a solvent-free method for converting cannabidiol (CBD) into tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) comprising the step of: introducing CBD into acid-enriched solid support particles by direct melting of the CBD to create a CBD-activated accelerated conversion environment, such that THC is produced. Another aspect of the present invention provides a tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) production device comprising: a container for holding acid-enriched solid support particles; and a plurality of CBD-activated acid-enriched solid support particles located inside the container, wherein THC is produced from the CBD-activated acid-enriched solid support particles. Yet another aspect of the present invention provides a tunable tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) production device comprising: a container for holding acid-enriched solid support particles; and a plurality of acid-enriched solid support particles located inside the container, wherein THC is produced from the CBD-activated acid-enriched solid support particles. RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi Another aspect of the present invention provides a personal-use tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) production device comprising a container for holding acid-enriched solid support particles, wherein the container is designed for personal use; and a plurality of acid-enriched solid support particles located inside the container, wherein THC is produced from the CBD-activated acid-enriched solid support particles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES The advantages of the present methods and related devices will be evident from the following detailed description, which description should be considered in combination with the accompanying figures, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Figure 1 shows (A) the HPLC profile of the reaction product from the Amberlyst-15 catalyzed transformation of CBD to THC (heptane, reflux, 45 min); and (B) the HPLC profile of the reaction mixture from the Amberlyst-15 catalyzed transformation of CBD to THC (heptane, room temperature, 2 h). The peak assignment is as follows: CBD (RT 5.41 min), (-)A9-THC (RT 7.76 min), (-)A8-THC (RT 7.99 min). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to methods and related devices for use in the conversion of cannabidiol (CBD) (e.g., and simple derivatives thereof) into tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (e.g., and simple derivatives thereof). Both CBD and THC have two carbon stereocenters that give rise to four diastereomers: (-)-cis-, (+)-cis-, (-)-trans-, and (+)-cis-. The psychoactive compounds selected by nature, and the most potent, are those with the (-)-trans- configuration. In this respect, the chemical structures of CBD and THC are as follows: RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi (+)-cis-A9-THC RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiA (-)-trans-(3R, 4R)-CBD e-THC Positional isomerization of the vinyl group in the CBD carbocycle leads to Δ9-, Δ8-THC, where Δ8-THC is considered to be thermodynamically more stable than Δ9-THC. Furthermore, for convenience, Δ9-THC is referred to herein as THC-9 and Δ8-THC is referred to herein as THC-8. It has been previously reported that the cyclization of CBD to THC is catalyzed by both Lewis and Brønsted acids. However, historically, this conversion has required harsh solvent conditions (such as toluene) and reagents (such as BFa-EtsO) which involves the separation / removal of reaction products (e.g., in certain circumstances, difficult separation / removal) after solution-phase conversion. In many cases, beyond the inefficiency with respect to the material, the results of this solution-phase conversion after standard processing (and further chromatographic separation) were poor yields at best. The lack of commercial utility can be demonstrated by the lack of known commercial production of THC from CBD. Accordingly, the present invention utilizes acid-enriched solid support particles without additional catalytic molecules, for example, without additional acid catalytic agents in the methods and devices of the present invention, beyond the acid-enriched solid support particles (no additional acid is required to be added to the reaction apart from the solid support for conversion). The method utilizes the introduction of CBD into the acid-enriched solid support particles to create a CBD-activated accelerated conversion environment in order to convert the CBD to THC in a one-step process. In certain embodiments, the resulting THC is thus produced from a single-step conversion, and product isolation is achieved simply by removing the solid support particles. The process and related devices avoid harsh solvent conditions and are completed in a substantially reduced time period (e.g., compressed time period), yielding high levels of CBD conversion (i.e., the conversion reactions are completed or nearly so) with very little clean crude reaction product, including low (to no) residual solvent contamination. The processes and devices of the present invention are therefore materially efficient and commercially relevant. The high reaction rates enable the devices of the present invention to adopt numerous convenient, and commercially viable, forms, including those that provide flow adaptations for CBD isolation systems. By selecting the acid-enriched solid support particles, the temperature, the reaction time before extraction, and / or a particular solvent, the THC ratio (i.e., THC-9 to THC-8) can be selectively produced in the final conversion product. In particular, this ratio can be selectively produced as a single product or a multi-product ratio (e.g., including the starting material CBD). As such, the present invention relates to methods for producing THC from CBD using non-aggressive methodology that results in substantially high yields, as well as devices constructed according to these novel methods. The methods and RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi devices are materially efficient and, in certain embodiments, solvent-free. In particular, in certain embodiments, these methods and related devices are suitable for the commercial production of THC from CBD. Furthermore, in certain embodiments, the present invention provides methods for producing THC from CBD in such a way as to allow tuning to select the ratio of THC-8 to THC-9. The present invention, including the devices and methods, will be described with reference to the following definitions, which, for convenience, are set forth below. Unless otherwise specified, the following terms used herein are defined as follows: I. DEFINITIONS As used herein, the term “a”, “an”, “the”, “the” and similar terms used in the context of the present invention (especially in the context of the claims) should be interpreted to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by the context. The language “and / or” is used in this document to mean both “and” in the conjunctive form and “or” in the disjunctive form. The term “accelerated conversion environment” is used herein to describe the reaction environment that enhances and accelerates the conversion of CBD to THC created by the use of the acid-enriched solid support particles of the present invention. Such enhancement and acceleration is with respect to the existing solution-phase chemical conversion of CBD to THC and includes, for example, improved CBD conversion efficiency, increased purity (e.g., of the crude reaction), increased THC production rate, increased THC production yield, or any combination thereof. The term “acid-enriched,” as used in the term “acid-enriched solid support particles,” is used herein to describe the functionalization of the solid support particles of the present invention, i.e., the functional groups covalently bonded to the support particles. These functional groups must be suitable for achieving a residual level of acidity (i.e., comprising suitable Lewis or Brønsted acid functional groups) to support the acid catalysis of a reaction, i.e., the conversion of CBD to THC. This residual level of acidity is a characteristic of the functional groups covalently bonded to the solid support particles and is distinct from the addition of acid in the solution phase, i.e., in situ or in a preconditioning step. The term “CBD-activated” is used herein to describe the presence of CBD, where CBD has been introduced into or onto a material, for example, RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi on the acid-enriched solid support particles of the present invention providing a CBD-activated accelerated conversion environment. The term “introduce” or “introduction” is used herein to describe the non-covalent addition of one material, e.g. CBD, to another material, e.g. solid support particles. The term “material-efficient” is used herein to describe methods / processes that reduce reaction conditions / reagents to minimize waste (compared to existing methods / processes or, in absolute terms, by completely eliminating certain conditions / reagents), and thus provide commercially relevant methods / devices, such as those provided in the present invention. For example, in the present invention, the use of acid-enriched solid support particles eliminates the need for aggressive solvents and solution-based acid catalysts, and is therefore material-efficient. The term “reduced time frame” is used herein to describe a reduction in the time window in which a reaction, such as the conversion of CBD to THC, occurs, compared to existing / known reactions. In certain embodiments, the reduced time frame is a “compressed time frame” describing a reaction that is completed in 1 min to 3 hours, for example, 1 min to 2 hours, 1 min to 1 hour, 1 min to 30 min, 1 min to 20 min, 1 min to 15 min, 1 min to 10 min, 1 min to 5 min, or less than 5 min. The term “solid support particles” is used herein to describe solid particles used for non-covalent reaction support. The present invention utilizes acid-enriched solid support particles. In particular embodiments, the acid-enriched support particles are selected from the group consisting of acid-enriched resin beads (e.g., Amberlyst-15 resin beads, Nafion particles), acid-enriched functionalized silica gel (e.g., silica-supported sulfonic and phosphoric acids), acid-enriched zirconium oxide, acid-enriched aluminosilicate zeolites, acid-enriched aluminosilicate zeolites, and any combination thereof. The term “tetrahydrocannabinol” or “THC” is recognized in the art, and includes all isomers, e.g., double bond isomers, unless otherwise specified. The term “THC-9” is used herein as a representative notation for “A9-THC” or “THC-delta-9.” The term “THC-8” is used in this document as a notation RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi representative of “A8-THC” or “THC-delta-8”. This isoform has been found to have similar potency (at CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors and in human clinical trials) to that of (-)-trans-Δθ-THC (Hollister, 1974; Hanus, 2016). The term “tunable” is used herein to describe the ability to tune, or select, a given product or ratio between products by selecting additional factors for the method used or method-dependent device, such as, for example, selecting the acid-enriched solid support particles, selecting the temperature, selecting the reaction time before extraction, selecting the particular solvent, or any combination thereof.The term “zeolite,” as used in the present invention, describes solid support particles comprising any member of the family of hydrated aluminosilicate minerals containing alkali and alkaline earth metals. In certain embodiments, zeolites have a well-known three-dimensional tetrahedral backbone structure, in which each oxygen atom is shared by two tetrahedra, enclosing interconnected cavities, for example, having diameters ranging from approximately 2 to 8 angstroms, typically occupied by large metal cations (positively charged ions) and water molecules. In fact, in naturally occurring zeolites, these metal ions are typically monovalent or divalent ions, such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and barium.However, the acid-enriched solid support particles used in the methods and devices of the present invention are suitably functionalized with hydrogen in substitution for these metal cations to achieve residual level acidity. II. METHODS OF THE INVENTION FOR THE CONVERSION OF CBD INTO THC According to the methods of the present invention, CBD can be converted to THC by its introduction into acid-enriched support particles. The introduction of CBD into the acid-enriched solid support particles creates a CBD-activated, accelerated conversion environment. In certain embodiments, the CBD may comprise additional functional groups, according to the well-known technique for cannabinoids, i.e., simple derivatives, which in turn can produce simple THC derivatives as the final product instead of THC. The methods are material-efficient, tunable, and can be solvent-free in certain embodiments. As such, one embodiment of the present invention provides a materially efficient method for the conversion of cannabidiol (CBD) (e.g., and simple derivatives thereof) into tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (e.g., and simple derivatives thereof) comprising the step of: introducing CBD into solid, acid-enriched carrier particles to create a APfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi CBD-activated accelerated conversion environment, such that THC (and simple derivatives thereof) is produced. Another embodiment of the present invention provides an efficient method in tunable materials for the conversion of cannabidiol (CBD) (e.g., and simple derivatives thereof) into tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (e.g., and simple derivatives thereof) comprising the step of: Introducing CBD into acid-enriched solid support particles to create a CBD-activated accelerated conversion environment, such that THC (e.g., and simple derivatives thereof) is selectively produced within the accelerated conversion environment (e.g., by selecting the acid-enriched solid support particles, selecting the temperature, and selecting the reaction time prior to extraction). In certain embodiments, THC (e.g., and simple derivatives thereof) is selectively produced as a single product or a ratio of multiple products, e.g., including the starting material CBD. Yet another embodiment of the present invention provides a solvent-free method for the conversion of cannabidiol (CBD) (e.g., and simple derivatives thereof) into tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (e.g., and simple derivatives thereof) comprising the step of: Introduce CBD into acid-enriched solid support particles by direct melting of CBD to create a CBD-activated accelerated conversion environment, such that THC (e.g., and simple derivatives thereof) is produced. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a materially efficient method for converting THC-9 (e.g., and simple derivatives thereof) into THC8 (e.g., and simple derivatives thereof) comprising the step of: Introduce THC-9 into acid-enriched solid support particles to create a THC-9-activated accelerated conversion environment, such that THC-8 (e.g., and simple derivatives thereof) is produced. Certain embodiments of the methods of the present invention further comprise the step of heating said CBD-activated accelerated conversion environment. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the accelerated conversion environment is heated to less than or equal to 1002C. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the acid-enriched solid support particles are used at less than 50%, for example, less than 40%, for example, less than 30%, for example, less than 20%, for example, less than 10% by weight relative to CBD. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the solid support particles Rr^onn / Lznz / E / YiAi enriched in acid are used at less than 10% by weight relative to CBD. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the step of introducing CBD into the acid-enriched solid support particles is achieved by solvent dilution (e.g., using a hydrocarbon solvent or an oil, e.g., natural or synthetic) of the CBD to create the CBD-activated accelerated conversion environment. In certain embodiments, the solvent can be recovered after conversion, supporting a more renewable, "green" process. In certain embodiments, the isolation / separation of the THC produced can be achieved by separating the reaction solvent from the acid-enriched solid support particles, e.g., without further reaction processing. In particular embodiments, this separation can be achieved by further solvent extraction, e.g., solvent washing of the particles to recover the THC produced. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the step of introducing CBD into the acid-enriched solid support particles is achieved through direct solventless melting of the CBD to create the CBD-activated accelerated conversion environment. In certain embodiments, the acid-enriched solid support particles are used at a 50% weight ratio relative to the CBD. This direct melting process maximizes the yield from CBD's low melting point (pf 66°SC) and the formation of THC as an oil. In certain embodiments, the acid-enriched solid support particles also serve as a filtration / separation mechanism; that is, THC impurities / byproducts remain after solvent washing of the particles to recover the THC produced during melting on the particles. In particular embodiments, the THC produced is greater than 90% of pure THC.In specific embodiments, the solventless melting method increases the reaction rate compared to non-melting (solvent-based) conditions. Certain embodiments of the methods of the present invention further comprise the step of extracting the solid support particles (e.g., using an appropriate solvent, e.g., a hydrocarbon solvent, an alcohol, or a vegetable oil). In certain embodiments of the present invention, the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment is selected from the group consisting of THC-9, THC-8, and any combination or ratio thereof. In certain embodiments of the present invention, THC is tunable, or selectively produced in the accelerated conversion environment. In certain embodiments, the selectivity results from selecting the acid-enriched solid support particles, selecting the temperature, selecting the reaction time before extraction, selecting the particular solvent, or any combination thereof. In embodiments In particular, selectivity occurs as a single product or a ratio of multiple products, for example, including the starting material CBD. In specific embodiments, the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment has a tendency towards THC-9 (e.g., greater than 50%, greater than 60%, greater than 70%, greater than 80%, greater than 90%). In alternative specific embodiments, the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment has a tendency towards THC-8 (e.g., greater than 50%, greater than 60%, greater than 70%, greater than 80%, greater than 90%). In certain embodiments of the present invention, the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment is produced with improved CBD conversion efficiency (i.e., CBD consumption) with more than 75% efficiency (e.g., more than 80% efficiency, e.g., more than 85% efficiency, e.g., more than 90% efficiency, e.g., more than 95% efficiency). In certain embodiments of the present invention, the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment (e.g., crude) is greater than 50% purity (e.g., greater than 60% purity, e.g., greater than 70% purity, e.g., greater than 75% purity). In certain embodiments of the present invention, the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment (e.g., crude) is greater than 80% purity (e.g., greater than 85% purity, e.g., greater than 90% purity, e.g., greater than 95% purity). In certain embodiments of the present invention, the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment is produced at an improved rate (e.g., less than or equal to 3 hours, less than or equal to 2 hours, less than or equal to 1 hour, e.g., less than or equal to minutes, e.g., less than or equal to 30 minutes, e.g., less than or equal to minutes, e.g., less than or equal to 15 minutes, e.g., less than or equal to minutes, e.g., less than or equal to 5 minutes). In certain embodiments of the present invention, the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment is 50 go more (e.g., 100 go more, e.g., 250 go more). In certain embodiments of the present invention, the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment is 500g or more (e.g., 1kg or more, e.g., 5kg or more, e.g., 10kg or more, e.g., 20kg or more, e.g., 100kg or more, e.g., 500kg or more). i. Solid support particles In certain embodiments of the present invention, the solid support particles are selected from the group consisting of acid-enriched polymer resin beads (by RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi (e.g., Amberlyst-15 resin beads, Nylon particles), acid-enriched functionalized silica gel (e.g., silica-supported sultanic and phosphoric acids), acid-enriched zirconium oxide, acid-enriched aluminosilicate zeolites, acid-enriched aluminosilicate zeolites, and any combination thereof. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the solid support particles are selected for their additional properties, for example, related to the use of the final THC product, and include, for example, preventing leaching. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the solid support particles are selected based on hydrolytic stability, for example, related to the connector's acid functionality. In particular embodiments, this results in reduced sensitivity to moisture. In certain embodiments, the acid-enriched solid support particles are renewable, i.e., they can be reused, supporting a more renewable “green” process. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the acid-enriched solid support particles are ion-exchange support particles, such as AMBERLYST-15 or 35 resins, which are available in bead form. These support particles are sultanidic acid residues containing a strongly acidic (5-6 eq / kg) styrene-divinylbenzene ion-exchange polymer scaffold and were developed for binding cationic impurities in chromatography, purification, and other applications. Considering the present discovery, and without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the pore structure of AMBERLYST 15 and 35 allows easy access of the reactants to the hydrogen ion sites located throughout the bead, thus facilitating satisfactory performance even in non-swelling organic media. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the acid-enriched solid support particles are support particles for an active ion-exchange acid catalyst, such as Nafion-H®, a sulfonated polymer prepared by the polymerization of perfluorinated vinyls and perfluorinated vinyl esters, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro-3,6-dioxa-4-methyl-7-octenesulfonic acid. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that its superacidity is attributed to the electron-withdrawing effect of the perfluoroalkyl backbone to which the sultanilic acid group is attached. Mechanistic studies of various transformations show that the acidity of Nafion-H® under the reaction conditions is comparable to that of 96-100% H₂SO₄. Nafion-H® has relatively high working temperatures compared to other polymers and is stable up to a temperature of 210°C.It is an environmentally friendly and recyclable catalyst due to the added advantages of its inactivity in corrosive environments, ease of recovery, and recyclable nature. The catalytic activation of the... RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi Nafion-H® resin uses polar solvents due to the high swelling, which leads to better accessibility of the sultanatic acid active sites. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the acid-enriched solid support particles are support particles of a Lewis acid, for example, such as a silica-bonded BF3 catalyst believed to contain as catalytic centers -OBF2 and -O-B(F)-O species (Oshidome, 2001). In certain embodiments of the present invention, the acid-enriched solid support particles are support particles of an oxide, for example, such as those with propylsulfonic acid and tosylsulfonic acid incorporated into the amorphous silica network. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the acid-enriched solid support particles are aluminosilicate or aluminophosphosilicate support particles. III. DEVICES OF THE INVENTION The methods of the present invention can be used for the production of THC in certain devices by converting CBD. As such, in certain embodiments, the devices of the present invention are designed to operate according to the methods of the present invention as described herein. Accordingly, the devices of the present invention comprise a container for holding acid-enriched solid support particles, and a plurality of CBD-activated acid-enriched solid support particles located inside the container. The devices of the present invention are well-suited for use in the commercial production of THC or for personal THC production, and for both medical and recreational purposes. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the device is for medical application, for example, with medical precision. A. Production device One embodiment of the present invention provides a tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) production device comprising: a container for holding acid-enriched solid support particles; and a plurality of CBD-activated acid-enriched solid support particles located inside the container, wherein THC is produced from the CBD-activated acid-enriched solid support particles. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a tunable tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) production device comprising: a container for holding acid-enriched solid support particles; and a plurality of acid-enriched solid support particles located inside the container, wherein THC is produced from the CBD-activated acid-enriched solid support particles. RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi In certain embodiments, the THC production devices of the present invention are tunable, where THC can be selectively produced in the accelerated conversion environment. In certain embodiments, the selectivity results from selecting the acid-enriched solid support particles, selecting the temperature, selecting the reaction time before extraction, selecting the particular solvent, or any combination thereof. In particular embodiments, the selectivity results in a single product or a ratio of multiple products, for example, including the starting material CBD. In certain embodiments of the tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) production devices of the present invention, the container is selected from the group consisting of a reaction vessel, a collection vessel, a column, a vaping device, a cartridge for a vaping device, a smoking device, a skin applicator, a syringe, an oral administration device, a sublingual administration device, and any combination thereof. In one particular embodiment, the container is selected based on the desired use, administration, or application, e.g., commercial production or personal use. In certain embodiments, the present invention provides methods for producing these devices by introducing CBD into a precursor device, i.e., a device prior to the introduction of CBD. In certain embodiments of the THC production devices of the present invention, the container is selected for the commercial production of THC. In certain embodiments of the THC production devices of the present invention, the container is selected for the production of THC for personal use. In certain embodiments, the production of THC for personal use is a medical device, for example, with medical precision control with respect to the THC-9 to THC-8 ratio. In certain embodiments of the THC production devices of the present invention, the device is programmed with a time controller to select the ratio between THC-9 and THC-8. i. Commercial application In certain embodiments of the THC production devices of the present invention, the THC production device further comprises a heating source suitable for controlling the temperature of the container. In certain embodiments of the THC production devices of the present invention, the heating source is a heating jacket. In certain embodiments of the THC production devices of the present invention, the THC production device further comprises a means for extracting THC from the acid-enriched solid support particles in the container. RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi In certain embodiments of the THC production devices of the present invention, the solid support particles are selected from the group consisting of acid-enriched resin beads (e.g., Amberlyst-15 resin beads, Ñafien particles), acid-enriched functionalized silica gel (e.g., silica-supported sultanic and phosphoric acids), acid-enriched zirconium oxide, acid-enriched aluminosilicate zeolites, acid-enriched aluminophosphosilicate zeolites, and any combination thereof. In certain embodiments of the THC production devices of the present invention, the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment is selected from the group consisting of THC-9, THC-8, and any combination thereof. In certain embodiments of the THC production devices of the present invention, 500g or more of THC can be produced in a single use of the device (e.g., 1kg or more, e.g., 5kg or more, e.g., 10kg or more, e.g., 20kg or more, e.g., 100kg or more, e.g., 500kg or more). In certain embodiments of the THC production devices of the present invention, THC is produced with improved conversion efficiency of CBD with more than 75% efficiency (e.g., more than 80% efficiency, e.g., more than 85% efficiency, e.g., more than 90% efficiency, e.g., more than 95% efficiency). In certain embodiments of the THC production devices of the present invention, the THC produced (e.g., crude) has more than 80% purity (e.g., more than 85% purity, e.g., more than 90% purity, e.g., more than 95% purity). In certain embodiments of the THC production devices of the present invention, THC is produced at an improved rate (e.g., less than or equal to 3 hours, less than or equal to 2 hours, e.g., less than or equal to 1 hour, e.g., less than or equal to 45 minutes, e.g., less than or equal to 30 minutes, e.g., less than or equal to 20 minutes, e.g., less than or equal to 15 minutes, e.g., less than or equal to 10 minutes, e.g., less than or equal to 5 minutes). In certain embodiments of the THC production devices of the present invention, the container comprises a first column. In certain embodiments of the THC production devices of the present invention, the device further comprises a second container (e.g., for a multi-column device). In certain embodiments of the THC production devices of the present invention, the THC production device further comprises at least one additional column comprising a second plurality of solid support particles RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi enriched in acid different from those in the first column. II. Personal use Another embodiment of the present invention provides a personal-use device for the production of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) for use in producing quantities of THC intended for at-will use, e.g., for individual administration. In certain embodiments, the container size is selected to provide a limited quantity of THC doses for personal use. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a personal use device for the production of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) comprising: a container containing acid-enriched solid support particles, wherein the container is designed for personal use; and a plurality of acid-enriched solid support particles located inside the container, wherein THC is produced from the CBD-activated acid-enriched solid support particles. In certain embodiments of the personal use devices for the production of THC of the present invention, the container is a vaping device. In certain embodiments of the personal use devices for the production of THC of the present invention, the container is an oral administration device. In certain embodiments of the personal use devices for the production of THC of the present invention, the container is a sublingual administration container. In certain embodiments of the personal use devices for the production of THC of the present invention, the container comprises an extraction means for extracting THC from the acid-enriched solid support particles, for example, to filter THC from the catalyst and / or to stop the conversion reaction. In certain embodiments of the personal THC production devices of the present invention, the device is tunable to selectively produce THC. In certain embodiments, the device is programmed with a selected reaction time for selectively producing THC. In certain embodiments, the reaction time is between 1 minute and 10 minutes, for example, 1 minute and 5 minutes. In certain embodiments of the personal use devices for the production of THC of the present invention, the device is suitable for the medically precise administration of THC. EXEMPLIFICATION Having thus described the invention in general terms, reference will now be made to the exemplary embodiments and the drawings accompanying the exemplary embodiments, which are not necessarily drawn to scale and are not intended to be RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi are not limiting in any way. In this regard, it should be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the construction details and component arrangements described below or illustrated in the figures. The invention is capable of other embodiments and can be implemented and carried out in various ways. Therefore, the phraseology and terminology used herein are for descriptive purposes and should not be considered limiting. The present invention has identified that the conversion of CBD to THC can be efficiently catalyzed by Lewis and Bransted acid catalysts on a solid support (i.e., acid-enriched solid support particles) with multiple advantages over known solution chemistry. The catalytic conversions of CBD to THC can be represented as follows in Scheme 1: Scheme 1 (-)-lrans-(3R, 4RJ-CBD (-)-trans-A9-THC (-)-trans-Á8-THC RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi Representative catalysts from certain major groups of acid-enriched solid support particles known in the art were tested, specifically (i) ion-exchange resins, (ii) silica and alumina oxides, and (iii) aluminosilicates (zeolites) (Table 1). Furthermore, the functionality shown in Table 1 describes the functional groups that are covalently bonded to the solid support particles resulting from acid enrichment, i.e., acid creation, or from the acid-enriched solid support particles themselves. Table 1. Representative Bronsted and Lewis acid-enriched solid support particles. Solid Acid Type Core Frame Acid Type Functionality Amberlyst Ion Exchange Resin Organic Polystyrene Bransted Toluene Sultanic Nafion Ion Exchange Resin Organic Tetrafluoroethylene Bransted Fluoroalkyl Sultanic Al2O3 / SO3H Inorganic Oxide-Al2O3 Bransted Sultanic SiO2 / H3PO4 Inorganic Oxide-SiO2 Bransted Phosphoric SiO2 / SO3H Inorganic Oxide-SiO2 Bransted Alkyl-arylsulfonic Acid ZrO2 / H2SO4 Inorganic Oxide-ZrO2 Lewis / Bransted Sultanic Metal Sites BF3 / SiO2 Inorganic Oxide-SiO2 Lewis -Bf2 Zeolites Inorganic Aluminosilicate-SiO2 / Al2O3 / PO4 Lewis / Bronsted -OH, metal sites Zeolites Inorganic Aluminosilicate-SiO2 / Al2O3 Lewis / Bronsted -OH, metal sites The acid-enriched solid support particles described above and in specific examples below were obtained from commercial sources and used in the catalytic conversions described herein. However, the choice of catalytic materials is not limited and can, in certain embodiments, be extended to several other compositions summarized in Table 1 and based on both organic and inorganic frameworks. The appropriate selection and design of such catalysts to adjust their technical performance (in terms of conversion, selectivity, activity, stability, etc.) and overall cost-effectiveness is within the skill of the person skilled in the art and, therefore, within the scope of the present invention in view of the disclosure presented herein. In certain embodiments, THC-9 can be converted to THC-9 according to Scheme 2. Scheme 2 Acid-enriched solid support particles EXAMPLE 1 Conversion of CBD to (-)-A8-THC using Amberlyst-15 resin Fifty milligrams of CBD powder (CBDistillery, Denver, Colo., >99% purity) were dissolved in 2 mL of heptane to which 10 mg of Amberlyst-15 resin beads (dried, H+ form, Dow Chemical Company; Acras Organics, Cat. N.eAC202145000) had been added. The reaction mixture was refluxed in a round-bottom flask fitted with a condenser for 1 h, the catalyst beads were removed by filtration, and the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator. HPLC of the reaction product revealed complete consumption of the starting CBD and the formation of (-)A8-THC in 85% yield. The identity of the product was confirmed by LC-MS spectroscopy (M+H+, 314.4), HPLC (using a (-)Δ8THC standard sample from Restek Corporation that exhibited a reaction time identical to that of the reaction product of 8.1 min; see HPLC method details below; FIG. 1), and by 1H NMR (following the analysis reported by Choi et al., 2004 and Taylor et al., 1966) - the assignment to the Δ8- position of the vinyl group (as opposed to Δ9-) was confirmed by the high-field shift from 6.3 to 5.4 ppm and the trans- configuration of the H-10 / H-6 protons by a related coupling constant of 10.8 Hz (observable for the H-10 proton at 2.7 ppm). HPLC setup: Agilent 1100 configured with a diode array detector, detection wavelength λ=228 nm, Agilent Eclipse XD-8 Phenyl column, 4.6 x 150 mm, 5 µm. Mobile phase A: 0.1% formic acid in water; mobile phase B: 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile; flow rate 1.15 mL / min, injection volume 10 µL. HPLC method details: 72% B (0 min) to 81% B (4.5 min), to 100% B (9 min), to 72% B (10 min). A typical HPLC profile of the reaction mixture is shown in Figure 1. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 0.88 (3H, t, 7.1 Hz) 5-Me; 1.10 (3H, s) 9-Me; 1.32 (4H, m) 3, 4ZZ-CH2; 1.38 (3H, s) 8-Me; 1.56 (2H, q, 7.6 Hz) 2ZZ-CH2; 1.70 (3H, s) 3-Me; 1.80 (m) 6-H; 2.13 (1H, m), 1.64 (1H, s) 5-CH2; 2.13 (1H, m) 5-H; 2.44 (2H, td, 8.3 Hz, 2.1 Hz) 1ZZ-CH2; 2.70 (1H, td, 10.8 Hz, 4.8 Hz) 1-H; 3.24 (2H, dd, 16.5 Hz, 3.7 Hz) 2-CH2; 5.43 (1H, da, 4.8 Hz) 4CH2; 6.11 (1H, d, 1.6 Hz) 3Z-H; 6.27 (1H, d, 1.5 Hz) 5Z-H. The reaction yielded similar results in terms of product performance and purity when carried out in hexane (under reflux), isopropyl myristate (IMS) at 100°C, and medium-chain triglycerides (100°C, 10 h). A higher reaction temperature was not found to be a prerequisite for completion in hexane or heptane, and complete conversion was also achieved at 48 h at room temperature. Reaction temperatures above 100°C led to a rapid accumulation of degradation products. The reaction only partially progressed in alcohol - after 2 hours of reflux in isopropyl alcohol only about 10% of CBD was consumed and a mixture of (-)Δ8-THO and (-)Δ9-THO was produced. A complete catalytic conversion of CBD to (-)A8-THC (78%) also took place by heating a commercial CBD isolate containing minor amounts of other cannabinoids and terpenes (CBDistillery, Denver, Colo., Full Spectrum Isolate, 250 mg of CBD in 15 ml of MCT coconut oil) for 10 h at 1002C. In certain embodiments, the optimum amount of catalyst was found to be in RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi the range of 5-25% w / w with respect to CBD. Performing the time evolution of the Amberlyst-catalyzed reaction under milder conditions (e.g., room temperature and cooling to 42C; T=1-336 h), the intermittent formation of the stereoisomer (-)-trans-A9-THC (with a shorter retention time, see FIG. 1) was observed, along with the residual unreacted fractions of the starting CBD. In conclusion, the reaction proceeded in various non-protic solvents and oils and could be completed in light hydrocarbons at room temperature in 2 days or in accelerated mode at higher temperatures in 1-10 h. The use of hydrocarbons makes it possible to directly use the reaction mixture for further purification using centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) in THC scale-up preparations (Hazecamp, 2004). EXAMPLE 2 Conversion of CBD to (-)-A8-THC using Nafion 50 mg of CBD was dissolved in 2 ml of heptane to which 10 mg of Nafion-SAC13 was added (Nafion® fluorosulfonic acid polymer on amorphous silica, 10-20% loading, 0.6 ml / g pore volume, >10 nm pore diameter, surface area is >200 m2 / g). The reaction mixture was refluxed in a round-bottom flask fitted with a condenser for 1 h, the catalyst beads were separated by filtration, and the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator. HPLC confirmed the formation of (-)-A8-THC as a major reaction product with a 66% yield. EXAMPLE 3 Conversion of CBD to (-)-A8-THC using BF3 supported on silica Fifty milligrams of CBD were dissolved in two milliliters of heptane, to which ten milligrams of silica-supported BF3 catalyst (Sigma Aldrich, Cat. No. 2718416) were added. The reaction mixture was refluxed in a round-bottom flask fitted with a condenser for one hour. The catalyst particles were removed by filtration, and the solvent was extracted using a rotary evaporator. HPLC of the reaction product confirmed the formation of (-)-Al8-THC as the main reaction product with a 70% yield. EXAMPLE 4 Conversion of (-)A9-THC to (-)A8-THC 50 mg of (-)A9-THC was dissolved in 2 mL of heptane to which 10 mg of Amberlyst catalyst was added. The reaction mixture was refluxed in a round-bottom flask fitted with a condenser for 2 h, the catalyst beads were separated by filtration, and the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator. HPLC of the reaction product confirmed the formation of (-)A8-THC (89% yield). EXAMPLE 5 Conversion of CBD to (-)-Ae-THC and (-)-A9-THC using supported sulfonic acids RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi on silica and other oxides Fifty milligrams of CBD were dissolved in 2 mL of heptane, to which 10 mg of either SiliaBond functionalized silica gel propylsulfonic acid catalyst (SCX-2) or SiliaBond toxic acid catalyst (SCX), both end-terminated, particle size 40–60 micrometers, 0.6–0.8 mmol / g (SiliCycle, Quebec, Canada), were added. The reaction mixture was refluxed in a round-bottom flask fitted with a condenser for 5 minutes, the catalyst beads were separated by filtration, and the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator. HPLC of the reaction product confirmed the formation of (-)A8-THC (66% yield) for both SCX-2 and SCX catalysts. The conversion of CBD was almost complete under solvent-free conditions by heating the CBD melt with 10 wt% of the catalyst to 1002C for 5 min and recovering the product by extracting the melt with hexane. The reaction was also monitored by HPLC at room temperature for the SCX catalyst. Intermittent formation of both THC-8 and THC-9 was observed. Near the endpoint (6% residual CBD) at 90 min, there was 31% THC-9 and 37% THC-8 in the mixture (Table 2). RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi Table 2. Products of the reaction of CBD to THC catalyzed by sisulfonic acids Composition of reaction products Reaction conditions 10 min, TA, hexane 60 min, TA, hexane 90 min, TA, hexane 5 min, reflux, hexane 5 min, 100 2C, solid CBD, % 67 16 6 1 0 THC-9, % 20 35 31 4 3 THC-8, % 5 24 37 66 64 Silica gel catalysts provided a remarkable overall acceleration of CBD conversion (>10x) compared to Amberlyst, Nafion, and BF3 / SiO2. Therefore, silica gels enabled substantial stabilization of the THC-9 isomer in a convenient adaptation of the reaction to room temperature. Three other solid catalysts tested showed intermittent formation of THC-9 only in the early stages of the reaction, corresponding to very low CBD conversion, and thus have little practical use as an approach for THC-9. Other oxide-type catalysts with different core and acid functionality were tested, yielding the results summarized in Table 3. Furthermore, the functionality shown in Table 3 describes the functional groups that are covalently bonded to the solid support particles resulting from acid enrichment, i.e., Brensted acid creation, or from the acid-enriched solid support particles. Table 3. Oxide type of catalysts tested RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi Catalyst Core Trader Functionality Catalytic Activity SCX-2 SiO2 Silicycle R51230B Propylsulfonic acid, end-capped silica High SCX SiO2 Silicycle R60530B Arylsulfonic acid, uncapped silica High SCX, capped SiO2 Silicycle R60430B Arylsulfonic acid, end-capped silica High ZrO2 H2SO4 ZrO2 Alpha Aesar Sulfuric acid Low (20% conversion, refluxing heptane, 0.5 h) Phos-Cat1 SiO2 Carbosynth Phosphoric acid Medium (74% conversion, refluxing heptane, 1 h) Al2O3 acid Al2O3 Alpha Aesar Al-OH VERY LOW NaHSO4 Aldrich hydrosulfate HSO4- VERY LOW It is worth noting that zirconium sulfuric acid, known for its superacid properties, showed low activity compared to the more active phosphoric acid-functionalized silica. In certain embodiments, the acid-enriched solid support particles are not acid Al₂O₃ or NaHSO₄. In certain embodiments, the acid-enriched solid support particles are not ZrO₂ or H₂SO₄. EXAMPLE 6 Conversion of CBD to (-)-A8-THC and (-)-ñ9-THC using aluminosilicates It was also discovered that some aluminosilicates and aluminophosphosilicates act as highly efficient catalysts for the conversion of CBD to THC at loadings of 10–50%. The materials tested are listed in Table 3. In these embodiments, it was essential to have the catalyst in the H+ form. When in the salt form (shown for zeolite Y), the materials were found to be inactive. Table 4. Aluminosilicate and aluminosphosilicate tested for the catalytic conversion of CBD Rrfconn / Lznz / E / YiAi Catalyst Si / AI Ratio Larger Pore Size, Activity ZSM-5 15:1 10 Low (7% conversion, 30 min, reflux heptane) Zeolite Y 5:1 12 High Zeolite Y (Na+) 5:1 12 Inactive Zeolite beta 360:1 12 High SAPO-34 1:4 8 Inactive SAPO-11 1:8 10 High In certain embodiments, the acid-enriched solid support particles are not SAPO-34. In certain embodiments, the acid-enriched solid support particles are not ZSM-5. The reaction proceeds with high conversion rates in refluxed heptane over a period of 1 h. Surprisingly, the transformation is significantly accelerated when carried out in the melt, without solvent. The use of aluminosilicates helps stabilize the THC-9 reaction products against THC-8. In just 5 minutes, the conversion rate was already approximately 80% with a THC-9 / THC-8 ratio of 2:1. The results of the catalytic transformations under different reaction conditions for the most active materials, namely zeolite Y, SAPO-11, and beta zeolite, are summarized in Tables 5-7. Table 5. Reaction products of the conversion of CBD to THC catalyzed by SAPO-11 aluminophosphosilicate Composition of reaction products Reaction conditions (time, temperature, solvent) 5 min, refluxing heptane 30 min, refluxing heptane 60 min, refluxing heptane 5 min, refluxing heptane 5 min, 100 2C, solid CBD, % 72 27 2 20 2 THC-9, % 21 43 45 46 31 THC-8, % 2 14 23 22 35 RChQnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI Table 6. Reaction products of the conversion of CBD to THC catalyzed by the aluminosilicate zeolite Y Composition of reaction products Reaction conditions (time, temperature, solvent) 5 min, refluxing heptane 60 min, refluxing heptane 5 min, 100 °C, solid 15 min, 100 °C, solid 30 min, 100 °C, solid CBD, % 68 8 19 4 1 THC-9, % 22 47 47 42 36 THC-8, % 2 23 23 36 44 Table 7. Reaction products of the conversion of CBD to THC catalyzed by beta zeolite aluminosilicate Composition of the reaction products Reaction conditions (time, temperature, solvent) 5 min, reflux heptane 60 min, reflux heptane 5 min, 100 °C, solid 15 min, 100 °C, solid CBD, % 55 12 64 59, 27 % THC-27 THC-8, % 3 12 2 3 REFERENCES 1. Y. Gaoni and R. Mecholaum, Isolation, Structure, and Partial Synthesis of an Active Constituent of Hashish, J. Am. Chem, Soc., 1964. Vol. 86, pp. 1646-1647. 2. Y. Gaoni and R. Mecholaum, Hashish-VII. The Isomerization of Cannabidiol to Tetrahydrocannabinols, Tetrahedron, 1966. Vol. 22, pp. 1481-1488. 3. Y. Gaoni, R. Mechoulam, Concerning the Isomerization of delta- 1 to delta-6tetrahydrocannabinol. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1966, Vol. 88, pp.5673-5675. 4. GRB Webster, LP Sarna, R. Mechoulam, Conversión of CBD to Delta8-THC and Delta9-THC, US Patent Appl. 10 / 469,928. 5. M. Kidwai, R. Chauhan and S. Bhatnagar, Nafion-H: A Versatile Catalyst for Organic Synthesis, Current Organic Chemistry, 2015, 19, pp.72-98. 6. R. J. Razdan, H. C. Dalzell, G.R. Handrick, Hashish, A Simple One-Step Synthesis of (-)-deltal-Tetracannabinol (THC) from p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol and Olivetol, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, Vol. 96, pp. 5860-5866. 7. P. Gupta, S. Paul, Solid Acids: Green Alternatives for Acid Catalysis, Catalysis Today, 2014, Part B, Vol. 236, pp. 153-214. 8. L. Hanus, S. M. Meyer, E. Muñoz, O. Taglialatela-Scafatid and G. Appendino, Phytocannabinoids: a Unified Critical Inventory, Nat. Prod. Rep., 2016, Vol. 33(12), pp.13571392. 9. L.E. Hollister, Structure-Activity Relationships in Man of Cannabis Constituents and Homologs and Metabolites of delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, Pharmacology, 1974, Vol. 11, pp. 3-11. 10. Y. H. Choi, A. Hazelkamp, A.M.G. Peltenburg-Looman, M. Frederich, C. Erkefens, A. W.M. Lefebr, R. Verpoorte, NMR Assignments of the Major Cannabinoids and Cannabiflavonoids Isolated from Flowers of Cannabis Sativa, Phytochem. Anal. 2004, Vol.15, pp.545-354. 11. E. C. Taylor, K. Lenard, Y. Shvo, Active Constituents of Hashish. Synthesis of dlA6-3,4-tra / ?s-Terahydrocannabinol, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1966, pp.367-370. 12. T. Y. Oshidome, Z. D. Ang, and B. A. Morrow, Infrared Spectra of Silica Reacted with Gaseous BF3 and Analyses of the Reaction, Anal. Se. 2001, Vol. 17 Suppl., pp. ¡10851088. 13. Hazekamp, R. Simons, A. Peltenburg-Looman, M. Sengers, R. van Zweden, R. Verpoorte, Preparative Isolation of Cannabinoids from Cannabis Sativa by Centrifugal Partition Chromatography, J. Liq. Chrom. & Reí. Technol. 2004, Vol. 27, pp. 2421-2439. 14. H. Y. Luo, J. D. Lewis, and Y. Roman-Leshkov, Lewis Acid Zeolites for Biomass Conversión: Perspectives and Challenges on Reactivity, Synthesis, and Stability, Ann. Rev. Chem. Biochem. Eng., 2016. 15. R. H. Vekariya and H. D. Patel, Alumina Sulfuric Acid (ASA), Tungstate Sulfuric Acid (TSA), Molybdate Sulfuric acid (MSA) and Xanthan Sulfuric Acid (XSA) as Solid and Heterogeneous Catalysts in Green Organic Synthesis: a Review, ARKIVOC, 2016, pp.70-96. 16. H. Sharghi, Μ. H. Sarvari and R. Eskandari, Alumina Sulfuric Acid as a Novel Heterogeneous System for Esterification of Carboxylic Acids in Solvent Free Conditions, J. Chem. Res., 2005, pp.488-491 17. A.D. Sawant, D. G. Raut, A. R. Deorukhkar, U. V. Desai, Μ. M. Salunkhe, Silica supported orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4. SiOs): a green, heterogeneous catalyst for solventfree oxathioacetalization of aldehydes, Green Chem. Let. Rev., 2011, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 235240. 18. APfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi Nanospace, Nature Com., 2014. 19. P. Wang, Y. Zhao, J. Liu, Versatile Design and Synthesis of Mesoporous Sulfonic Acid Catalysts, Se. Bull. 2018, 63, pp.252-266. 20. Zhou J, Wang Y, Guo X, et al. Etherification of Glycerol with Isobutene on Sulfonated Graphene: Reaction and Separation. Green Chem. 2014, Vol. 16, pp. 4669-79. INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE The full content of all patents, published patent applications, and other references cited herein are expressly incorporated herein in their entirety by reference. EQUIVALENTS Skilled individuals will recognize, or be able to determine using only routine experimentation, numerous equivalents to the specific procedures described herein. Such equivalents are considered to be within the scope of the present invention and are covered by the following claims. Furthermore, any numerical or alphabetical range provided herein is intended to include both the upper and lower values ​​of such ranges. Additionally, any listing or grouping is intended, at least in one embodiment, to represent a concise or convenient way of listing independent embodiments; as such, each member of the list shall be considered an independent embodiment. RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION Having described the present invention as above, it is considered novel and, therefore, the contents contained in the following are claimed as property:

Claims

1. A materials-efficient method for converting cannabidiol (CBD) into tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) comprising the step of: introducing CBD into acid-enriched solid support particles to create a CBD-activated accelerated conversion environment such that THC is produced.

2. The materially efficient method of claim 1, wherein the solid support particles are selected from the group consisting of acid-enriched resin beads, acid-enriched functionalized silica gel, acid-enriched zirconium oxide, acid-enriched aluminosilicate zeolites, acid-enriched aluminosilicate zeolites, and any combination thereof.

3. The materially efficient method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising the step of heating said CBD-activated accelerated conversion environment.

4. The materially efficient method of claim 3, wherein the accelerated conversion environment is heated to less than or equal to 100 eC.

5. The materially efficient method of any one of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the step of introducing the CBD into the acid-enriched solid support particles is by solvent dissolving the CBD to create the CBD-activated accelerated conversion environment.

6. The materially efficient method of any one of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the step of introducing the CBD into the acid-enriched solid support particles is by direct solventless melting of the CBD to create the CBD-activated accelerated conversion environment.

7. The material-efficient method of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, further comprising the step of extracting the solid support particles. RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi 8. The materially efficient method of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, wherein the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment is selected from the group consisting of THC-9, THC-8 and any combination thereof.

9. The materially efficient method of claim 8, wherein THC is selectively produced in the accelerated conversion environment.

10. The materially efficient method of claim 8 or 9, wherein the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment has a tendency in favor of THC-9.

11. The materially efficient method of claim 8 or 9, wherein the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment has a tendency in favor of THC-8.

12. The materially efficient method of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or 11, wherein the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment is produced with improved CBD conversion efficiency with an efficiency greater than 75%.

13. The materially efficient method of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12, wherein the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment is greater than 80% purity.

14. The materially efficient method of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13, wherein the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment is produced at an improved rate.

15. The materially efficient method of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14, wherein the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment is 500 go more.

16. An efficient method in tunable materials for the conversion of cannabidiol (CBD) to tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) comprising the step of: introducing CBD into acid-enriched solid support particles to create a CBD-activated accelerated conversion environment, such that THC is selectively produced in the accelerated conversion environment.

17. A solvent-free method for the conversion of cannabidiol (CBD) to tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) comprising the step of: introducing CBD into acid-enriched solid support particles by direct melting of the CBD to create a CBD-activated accelerated conversion environment, such that THC is produced.

18. A tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) production device comprising: a container for holding acid-enriched solid support particles; and a plurality of CBD-activated acid-enriched solid support particles located inside the container, wherein THC is produced from the CBD-activated acid-enriched solid support particles.

19. The THC production device of claim 18, wherein the vessel is selected from the group consisting of a reaction vessel, a collection vessel, a column, a vaping device, a cartridge for a vaping device, a smoking device, a skin applicator, a syringe, and any combination thereof.

20. The THC production device of claim 18 or 19, wherein the container is selected for the commercial production of THC.

21. The THC production device of claim 18 or 19, wherein the container is selected for the production of THC for personal use.

22. The THC production device of any one of claims 18, 19, 20 or 21, further comprising a heating source suitable for controlling the temperature of the container.

23. The THC production device of claim 22, wherein the heating source is a heating jacket.

24. The THC production device of any one of claims 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 or 23, further comprising a means for extracting THC from the acid-enriched solid support particles in the container.

25. The THC production device of any one of claims 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 or 24, wherein the solid support particles are selected from the RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi group consisting of acid-enriched resin beads, acid-enriched functionalized silica gel, acid-enriched zirconium oxide, acid-enriched aluminosilicate zeolites, acid-enriched aluminosilicate zeolites, and any combination thereof.

26. The THC production device of any one of claims 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 or 25, wherein the THC produced in the accelerated conversion environment is selected from the group consisting of THC-9, THC-8 and any combination thereof.

27. The THC production device of any one of claims 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 or 26, wherein THC can be selectively produced in the accelerated conversion environment.

28. The THC production device of any one of claims 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 or 27, wherein 500 g of THC can be produced in a single use of the device.

29. The THC production device of any one of claims 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 or 28, wherein the THC is produced with improved conversion efficiency from CBD with an efficiency greater than 75%.

30. The THC production device of any one of claims 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 or 29, wherein the THC produced is greater than 80% purity.

31. The THC production device of any one of claims 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 or 30, wherein the THC is produced at an improved rate.

32. The THC production device of any one of claims 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 or 31, further comprising a second container.

33. A tunable tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) production device comprising: RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi a container for holding acid-enriched solid support particles; and a plurality of acid-enriched solid support particles located inside the container, wherein THC is produced from the CBD-activated acid-enriched solid support particles.

34. The tunable THC production device of claim 33, wherein the container comprises a first column.

35. The tunable THC production device of claim 34, further comprising at least one additional column comprising a second plurality of acid-enriched solid support particles different from those of the first column.

36. A personal-use device for the production of tetrahydrocannadinol (THC) comprising a container for holding acid-enriched solid support particles, wherein the container is designed for personal use; and a plurality of acid-enriched solid support particles located inside the container, wherein THC is produced from the CBD-activated acid-enriched solid support particles.

37. The personal use device for the production of THC of claim 36, wherein the container is a vaping device.

38. The personal use device for the production of THC of claim 36 or 37, wherein the container comprises an extraction means for extracting THC from the acid-enriched solid support particles.

39. The personal use device for the production of THC of any one of claims 36, 37 or 38, wherein the device is tunable to selectively produce THC.

40. The personal THC production device of claim 39, wherein the device is programmed with a reaction time selected to selectively produce THC. RPfrQnn / Lznz / E / YiAi 41. The personal use device for the production of THC of claim 39 or 40, wherein the device is suitable for medically precise administration of THC.