LOWER RECEIVER

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of small arms, in particular to mechanisms for securing a magazine in a weapon's lower receiver. The lower receiver (1) comprises a housing (2) with a magazine well (3) formed therein, a means (4) for retaining and securing the front magazine tooth, a means (5) for retaining and securing the rear magazine tooth, and a means (6) for retaining and securing the magazine, located in the magazine well (3) and configured to limit the upward movement of the magazine (9). The technical result is the implementation of the lower receiver's intended purpose, an increase in the degree of fixation and retention of the magazine in all directions of its possible movement, a simplification of the design, and a reduction in the material consumption of the small arms as a whole.

Description

[0001] Field of technology to which the utility model belongs

[0002] The utility model relates to the field of small arms, in particular to mechanisms for fixing a magazine in a weapon in the lower receiver.

[0003] Technology Level

[0004] Typically, magazine release and retention in a firearm are accomplished at several points, preferably three. The lower receiver houses two magazine release points in the form of support pins or protrusions, as well as a magazine release / hold button. The third point, which secures and prevents the magazine from moving upward, is a stop located in the upper receiver. Consequently, in addition to increasing design complexity, the upper receiver must be precisely aligned with the lower receiver and remain securely fixed relative to it throughout the life of the firearm. Therefore, technical solutions are emerging that either simplify the locking mechanisms by eliminating the third locking point, or implement all three locking points in a single component.

[0005] Russian Federation Patent No. 213569 discloses a mechanism for securing a magazine in the lower receiver using three components located directly within the lower receiver, which may be selected as the closest equivalent to the claimed technical solution. It consists of a left magazine catch designed to engage the magazine well; a latch mounted in the lower receiver and secured to the lower magazine catch; and a right magazine catch serving as a magazine stop by limiting the magazine catch's travel. The technical result of this technical solution is a simple design and reliable operation by ensuring a stable magazine mount on the weapon and reducing the force required to insert the magazine.However, this known magazine locking mechanism in the lower receiver essentially only implements two locking points, one of which requires two elements—the support pin and the latch—which does not adequately prevent the magazine from moving upward, especially when additional loads are applied. A slight misalignment can cause the bolt to jam and, consequently, prevent the firearm from firing.

[0006] This problem is partially solved by the receiver disclosed in Russian Patent No. 235551, which comprises an upper pair of symmetrical stops, a middle pair of symmetrical stops, and a single central stop. The middle pair of symmetrical stops, which limits the upward movement of the magazine, is designed with rounded transitions from the stop surfaces to the sides of the receiver and from the sides of the stops to the sides of the receiver. It also includes a rounded cutting area that transitions into a feed slot in the front of the receiver. Although the use of this known receiver improves the weapon's reliability when the shooter holds the weapon by the magazine and uses the magazine as a bipod, this known technical solution also has significant drawbacks.In particular, the receiver is a single component with a complex shape, which, on the one hand, places high demands on the precision of its manufacture and the equipment used for its production, and on the other, complicates the replacement of firearm components (the entire receiver, rather than just a part, must be replaced). Furthermore, since the vertical position of the magazine is strictly defined, the implementation of locking devices to prevent upward magazine movement leads to unnecessary material consumption for the receiver, thereby increasing the weight of the product.

[0007] Thus, there is a task of developing a design of small arms that simultaneously ensures reliable retention and fixation of the magazine from its vertical movement, in particular, from upward movement, simplicity of design and a reduction in material consumption.

[0008] Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

[0009] The authors of this utility model were faced with the technical task of developing a lower receiver, expressed in the expansion of the arsenal of means of a similar purpose, consisting in particular in the fact that such a lower receiver should ensure reliable retention and fixation of the magazine from its movement in all directions, including upward movement, simplicity of the design of small arms as a whole and a reduction in material consumption.

[0010] The technical result is, first of all, the implementation by the declared lower receiver of its purpose, which consists, among other things, in ensuring reliable fixation and retention of the magazine in all directions of its possible movement, as a consequence - simplification of the design and a reduction in the material consumption of both the lower receiver and the firearm as a whole.

[0011] The stated problem is solved and the claimed technical result is achieved by the fact that three magazine locking means, forming three locking points, are implemented in the lower receiver. In particular, the lower receiver comprises a housing with a magazine well formed therein, as well as three magazine holding and locking means: a means for holding and locking the front tooth of the magazine, located in the front part of the magazine well and configured to limit the forward and downward movement of the magazine; a means for holding and locking the rear tooth of the magazine, located in the rear part and below the magazine well and configured to limit the backward, upward, and downward movement of the magazine; and a means for holding and locking the magazine, located in the magazine well and configured to limit the upward movement of the magazine.

[0012] The proposed design of the lower receiver allows for the most reliable retention and fixation of the magazine only by means of the lower receiver, thereby simplifying the design and material consumption of the firearm as a whole, in which the use of such a lower receiver is intended.

[0013] The stated problem is solved, and the declared technical result is achieved in particular versions of the declared technical solution, to which, however, this utility model is not limited.

[0014] Thus, the magazine retaining and locking mechanism can be implemented in the form of two stops, symmetrically positioned relative to the magazine well and having stop surfaces on which the magazine rests. This design of the lower receiver is sufficient to ensure reliable retention and locking of the magazine, specifically against its upward movement, while also being simple and characterized by low material consumption.

[0015] The stop surfaces can be positioned above the top surface of the magazine well, which allows, in particular, to reduce the height of the magazine well and the lower receiver as a whole, with the exception of the stops. Clearly, while maintaining increased magazine retention and locking, this design also reduces the material consumption of not only the firearm as a whole but also the lower receiver itself.

[0016] In another preferred embodiment of the lower receiver, at least one of the said retention and fixation means can be made removable to allow for its replacement in the event of failure, which directly affects the increase in the reliability of retention and fixation of the magazine.

[0017] Further, the utility model and some variants of its execution, to which, however, it is not limited, are explained in more detail with reference to the attached figures.

[0018] Brief description of figures

[0019] Fig. 1 shows a general view of the lower receiver according to one of the variants of the declared technical solution.

[0020] Fig. 2 shows a partial view from below of the lower receiver in the area of ​​the magazine shaft.

[0021] Fig. 3 shows a partial general view of the lower receiver in the area of ​​the magazine shaft with the magazine installed.

[0022] Fig. 4 schematically shows a cross-section of the lower receiver in the area of ​​the magazine shaft with the magazine installed.

[0023] The following elements are marked with positions on the figures:

[0024] 1 - lower receiver;

[0025] 2 - body;

[0026] 3 - magazine shaft;

[0027] 4 - means for holding and fixing the front tooth of the magazine;

[0028] 5 - means for holding and fixing the rear tooth of the magazine;

[0029] 6 - means of holding and fixing the magazine;

[0030] 7 - thrust surface;

[0031] 8 - upper surface of the magazine shaft;

[0032] 9 - store.

[0033] Implementation of a utility model

[0034] A general view of one of the possible embodiments of the claimed lower receiver 1 is shown in Fig. 1.

[0035] The lower receiver 1 contains a housing 2 with a magazine well 3 formed in it for accommodating a magazine 9 (Fig. 3, 4), as well as a means 4 for holding and fixing the front tooth of the magazine and a means 5 for holding and fixing the rear tooth of the magazine (Fig. 4), hereinafter for simplicity also referred to as the fixing means 4 and the fixing means 5, respectively.

[0036] The locking means 4, 5 are conventional means for retaining and securing the magazine in the lower receiver, well known to those skilled in the art and therefore do not require a detailed description. They can be implemented in the form of support pins, projections, magazine hold / release buttons, etc., or any suitable combination of said means. For example, as shown in Fig. 4, the locking means 4 is implemented in the form of a support pin, and the locking means 5 is implemented in the form of a support pin and a magazine hold / release button.

[0037] When the magazine 9 is installed in the magazine shaft 3, the locking means 4 prevents the magazine 9 from moving forward and downward, and the locking means 5 prevents the magazine 9 from moving backward, up and down. Here, the term "forward" means movement in the direction of firing (in Fig. 3 - to the left), the term "backward" means movement against the direction of firing (in Fig. 3 - to the right), the term "up" means movement in the direction of installing the magazine 9 into the magazine shaft 3 (in Fig. 3 - up), the term "down" means movement in the direction of removing the magazine 9 from the magazine shaft 3 (in Fig. 3 - down).

[0038] A significant difference between the proposed lower receiver 1 and all known solutions is the inclusion of a third magazine retention and locking device 6, hereinafter referred to as locking device 6 for simplicity. Locking device 6 is designed to retain and prevent upward movement of magazine 9.

[0039] A retention and locking device similar to the locking device 6 of the claimed technical solution is typically located on the upper receiver (not shown in the figures) or on the receiver, which is a monolithic component combining the upper and lower receivers. Such known solutions complicate the overall design of a small arms, since in the former case, distributing the retention and locking devices across different interconnected elements requires increased precision, reliability, and stability of the connection. In the latter case, implementing additional elements on an already complex small arms component further complicates it. Furthermore, in both cases, there is no way to reduce the material consumption of the lower / upper receiver assembly or the receiver, leading to increased material consumption and increased weight of the small arms.Finally, repairing a firearm by replacing its components will require replacing the lower / upper receiver pair or the entire receiver, which complicates the maintenance of the firearm.

[0040] Implementing the fixing means 6 directly on the lower receiver 1 eliminates all the problems of the known solutions described above.

[0041] In one possible embodiment, the locking means 6 is made in the form of two stops, symmetrically located relative to the shaft 3 of the magazine, as shown in Fig. 1. In particular, said stops may have an L-shaped or similar shape and contain stop surfaces 7 (Fig. 2), on which the magazine 9 (Fig. 3) rests. This design of the locking means 6 makes it possible to reduce the material consumption of the lower receiver 1 and, accordingly, the firearm as a whole and their weight, but at the same time maintains the ability to reliably hold the magazine 9 from moving upward both during firing and in other situations.

[0042] The stop surfaces 7 can be placed either in the shaft 3 of the magazine (this option is not shown in the figures due to its clarity for a specialist), or above the upper surface 8 of the shaft 3 of the magazine, as shown in Fig. 1, 3. The second option for placing the stop surfaces 7 helps to further reduce the material consumption and weight of the lower receiver 1 and the firearm, while maintaining the ability to reliably hold the magazine 9 from moving upward.

[0043] In another embodiment of the claimed lower receiver 1, any one or more of the securing means 4, 5, 6 may be removable. This embodiment of securing means 4, 5, 6 simplifies servicing of the firearm and, accordingly, increases its operational reliability.

[0044] The declared lower receiver 1 works as follows.

[0045] Assemble a firearm with a lower receiver 1. Insert a magazine 9 into the magazine well 3. The magazine 9 is securely fixed in the magazine well 3 at three points (areas), thereby blocking the movement of the magazine 9 relative to the body 2 in all directions (up, down, forward, backward), which is ensured by the fixing means 4, 5, 6, namely (Fig. 4): the fixing means 4 engages with the front tooth of the magazine 9 and ensures the limitation of the movement of the magazine 9 forward and downward; the fixing means 6 engages with the rear tooth of the magazine 9 and ensures the limitation of the movement of the magazine 9 backward, up and down; the fixing means 6 comes into contact with its stop surface 7 with the upper end surface of the magazine 9 and ensures the limitation of the movement of the magazine 9 upward.

[0046] Thus, a new lower receiver has been proposed, expanding the arsenal of similar-purpose devices, which ensures reliable retention and fixation of the magazine from its upward movement, simplicity of the design of the firearm as a whole, and a reduction in material consumption.

Claims

1. A lower receiver (1) comprising a housing (2) with a magazine well (3) formed therein, as well as means for holding and fixing the magazine (9), including: a means (4) for holding and fixing the front tooth of the magazine, located in the front part of the shaft (3) of the magazine and designed with the possibility of ensuring the limitation of the movement of the magazine (9) forward and downward, and a means (5) for holding and fixing the rear tooth of the magazine, located in the rear part and below the shaft (3) of the magazine and designed with the possibility of limiting the movement of the magazine (9) backward, up and down, characterized in that it contains a means (6) for holding and fixing the magazine, located in the shaft (3) of the magazine and designed with the possibility of limiting the upward movement of the magazine (9).

2. The lower receiver (1) according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the means (6) for holding and fixing the magazine is made in the form of two stops, symmetrically located relative to the shaft (3) of the magazine and having stop surfaces (7) on which the magazine (9) rests.

3. The lower receiver (1) according to item 2, characterized in that the stop surfaces (7) are located above the upper surface (8) of the magazine shaft.

4. A lower receiver (1) according to any of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that at least one of the said means (4, 5, 6) for holding and fixing is removable.

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