GRADUAL PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM

Abstract

The invention relates to a stepped pressurization system which enables the controlled reduction of the pressure difference between the manual valve (8) and the area after the manual valve (8) in order to prevent knocking and explosion risks caused by differential pressure that may occur when the manual valve (8) is put into operation, in steam systems which include a steam boiler (1) that produces steam, a burner (2) integrated into the said boiler, a steam collector (6) where the produced steam is collected, at least one steam line (7) that conveys the steam and a main manual valve (8) located on the said steam line (7).

Description

1 TARIFF GRADUAL PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to the operation of a main manual valve located on high-pressure steam lines. "Coastal pressure 5" is caused by the high differential pressure that may occur during the extraction (opening) process. The phased approach developed to prevent "impact" (knock) and explosion risks It is related to the pressurization system. PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE Widely used in industrial facilities, power plants, and manufacturing plants. Commissioning (cold start) or maintenance and repair of used steam systems 10 Restoring steam to the lines after the repairs is a critical operational process. In the current technology, high-pressure steam is produced in the boiler and collected in the steam collector. conveying pressurized and high-temperature steam to distribution lines within the plant. The process involves the main manual valves located on the line being opened manually by the operators. This is done in this way. 15 In standard practices, before the line is commissioned, at the valve inlet (on the boiler side) While there is a high vapor pressure, the line is empty at the valve outlet (operating side). It is cold and low-pressure. This situation causes a very high gap between the area before and after the valve. It creates differential pressure. The main manual valve is operated by the operator on human initiative and... During opening by muscle power, high-pressure steam suddenly drops to a low-pressure line of 20 is attacking. The biggest disadvantage of the current technique is that this sudden pressure and temperature transition can affect pipelines. It causes serious physical shocks inside. As a result of the rapidly opening valve, the steam... The impact of water rams with cold surfaces on the track causes severe "water ram" incidents. Water hammer causes serious mechanical fatigue in pipelines, flange 25 bursting of sealing elements (gaskets) in connections, in weld seams This leads to tears and damage to other fixtures along the line. 2 Another critical problem with the current technology is the weaknesses in occupational health and safety (OHS). Opening steam valves under pressure manually and at estimated rates, It is a process entirely susceptible to human error. Damage to pipes or flanges can occur due to impact. explosions, high-temperature steam and shrapnel hitting the operator who was opening the valve Exposure to its effects can lead to fatal workplace accidents. 5 In some existing installation practices, to reduce the load on the main valve Although small-diameter bypass valves controlled manually are used, this method It is entirely based on the operator's experience and intuition. Before and after the valve. Pressure values ​​are measured instantaneously and compared with each other, ensuring a safe pressure system. Opening the main valve is not permitted without equalizing the pressure (without reducing the differential pressure). 10 autonomously pressurizing without requiring or eliminating human initiative There is no standard protection mechanism that provides proportional protection. In conclusion, the problems created by the manual valve opening methods applied in the current technology are... eliminating physical damage, balancing line pressure in a controlled manner. This will prevent impact / explosion risks and remove operator initiative from the equation. an innovative multi-stage pressurization system that will maximize health and safety It is needed. In conclusion, all the problems mentioned above necessitate innovation in the relevant field. It has brought it to this state. THE PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION 20 The present invention aims to eliminate the aforementioned problems and provide technical solutions in the relevant field. It is introduced with the aim of creating an innovation. The purpose of the invention is to enable the sudden opening of the main manual valve used in steam systems. resulting in high-energy "water hammer" (knock) that can occur in steam lines The goal is to prevent such incidents. 25 The purpose of the invention is to reduce the pressure difference between the pre- and post-main manual valves by means of... by gradually reducing the pressure via the proportional valve on the pass line to ensure safe pressure. The goal is to ensure equalization. The purpose of the invention is to prevent pipe ruptures caused by high pressure and temperature shocks. The aim is to prevent flange / gasket bursts and fitting damage. 30 3 The purpose of the invention is to apply high-pressure steam to operators who open a manual valve. fatal accidents that threaten occupational health and safety, such as explosions or shrapnel impact The goal is to prevent risks. The purpose of the invention is to autonomously control the commissioning (pressurization) process of the system. By managing it with control panels and pressure transmitters, errors caused by human initiative are minimized. To prevent. The aim of the invention is to minimize mechanical and thermal fatigue in the steam line. The goal is to extend the overall service life of the system equipment. The purpose of the invention is to authorize the opening of the main valve before the pressure difference falls to safe limits. Thanks to the automation system that doesn't compromise on quality, a standardized and fully 10-fold improvement is achieved throughout the facility. The goal is to provide a secure "commissioning" procedure. A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION All the purposes mentioned above and those that will emerge from the detailed explanation below. The present invention is a multi-stage pressurization system. The invention consists of a steam boiler that generates steam, a burner integrated into the boiler, and 15 a steam collector where the steam is gathered, at least one steam line that conveys the steam, and the aforementioned In steam systems that include a main manual valve located on the steam line, the word the issue is the differential pressure that may occur when the manual valve is put into operation. Preventing knocking and bursting risks caused by manual valves, before and after the valve. 20-stage system that allows for the controlled reduction of the pressure difference between them It is a pressurization system; located after the manual valve in question. and the first pressure transmitter that measures the line pressure going to the facility, in the aforementioned manual a second device positioned before the valve and measuring the line pressure coming to the manual valve pressure transmitter, the first pressure transmitter in question and the second pressure processing instantaneous pressure data from the transmitter and defined in the system (set 25 a control panel that operates according to the differential pressure value (determined), the control in question to gradually pressurize the line according to the commands it receives from the control panel a control that operates proportionally on a bypass line parallel to the main manual valve It is characterized by the inclusion of a valve. 4 A preferred configuration of the invention is a primary pressure transmitter and a secondary pressure transmitter. When the pressure readings taken by the transmitter are equalized, the manual valve... a "can be opened" signal / confirmation that allows it to be opened safely It includes the aforementioned control panel, which has automation capabilities. A preferred configuration of the invention is 5 inches larger compared to the aforementioned main steam line diameter. It includes a bypass line with a small pipe diameter. A preferred configuration of the invention is differential pressure adjusted via a control panel. Its value can be dynamically changed according to the technical safety limits of the business. It is the fact that. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 10 Figure 1 shows a representation of the staged pressurization system integrated into the steam system. A schematic view is provided. EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMBERS IN THE FIGURES 1. Steam boiler 2. Burner 15 3. Control panel 4. First pressure transmitter 5. Second pressure transmitter 6. Steam collector 7. Steam line 20 8. Main manual valve 9. Control valve DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In this detailed description, the invention, a multi-stage pressurization system, is described only in terms of its subject matter. with examples that will not create any limiting effects so that it can be understood better It is explained. A standard steam system used in industrial facilities involves heating water to produce steam. a steam boiler into which it is converted (1), a burner which controls the combustion of this boiler (2) and from a steam collector (6) where the produced steam is collected before being distributed to the lines. It consists of. Steam coming from the collector (6) is transferred to the end equipment within the plant via steam line (7). It is transported via this transmission line. On this transmission line, to interrupt or activate the flow. There is a main manual valve (8) used. In current applications, 10 when the line is commissioned. (when switching from cold to hot state or after maintenance) main manual valve (8) operator It is opened manually. However, the valve is opened by high-pressure steam before the valve. The high pressure difference between the subsequent empty / low-pressure line is released when the valve is opened. together they can lead to uncontrolled strokes known as "water ramming," pipeline fatigue, and even This causes explosion risks. The invention addresses this uncontrolled 15 in existing steam systems. Developed to prevent pressure transfers and associated occupational safety risks. It is a multi-stage pressurization system. The invention is based on the manual valve (8) in question, as shown in Figure 1. the first pressure transmitter (4) which is positioned and measures the line pressure going to the operation and 20 located before the said manual valve (8) and coming to the manual valve (8) It includes a second pressure transmitter (5) which measures the line pressure. In addition, the first one in question instantaneous pressure data from the pressure transmitter (4) and the second pressure transmitter (5) a control that operates and works according to the differential pressure value defined (set) in the system. It includes the control panel (3). It receives commands from the said control panel (3). In order to gradually pressurize the line, the main manual valve (8) 25 a control valve operating proportionally on a parallel bypass line (9) It includes. The mentioned control panel (3), first pressure transmitter (4) and second pressure transmitter When the pressure readings taken by (5) are equalized, the manual valve (8) a 30 that generates an "openable" signal / confirmation allowing it to be opened safely. It has automation. Furthermore, to prevent shocks from occurring on the lines, the aforementioned by- pass line, a pipe diameter smaller than the diameter of the aforementioned main steam line (7) 6 It has. In addition, the differential pressure value set via the control panel (3) is the operating It has a dynamically modifiable structure according to technical safety limits. When the commissioning process is started with the main manual valve (8) in the closed position, the control panel (3) with the inlet pressure from the second pressure transmitter (5) and the first pressure It analyzes the difference between the line pressure coming from the transmitter (4). The pressure difference is 5 If it is high, the control panel (3) steps the control valve (9) on the bypass line It sends an activation signal. With the proportional opening of the control valve (9), steam is operated via the bypass line. It starts to pass into the line (7) with low flow rate. During this process, the pipeline slowly heats up and the pressure is balanced. The value read by the first pressure transmitter (4) is balanced by the second 10 on the inlet side. When the pressure transmitter reaches (5) value (or enters the safe differential range), The locking mechanism on the control panel (3) is released and the operator is given the "safe opening" signal. The signal is given. After this point, the main manual valve (8) is opened manually and the system It reaches full capacity without the risk of knocking / explosion. The scope of protection of the invention is specified in the claims attached hereto, and these detailed 15 The explanation cannot be limited to those given for illustrative purposes. Because a technically skilled person... the person, without deviating from the main theme of the invention, in light of what has been described above, similar It is clear that these structures can emerge.

Claims

7 REQUESTS 1. The invention consists of a steam boiler (1) that generates steam, and a burner integrated into the said boiler. (2), a steam collector in which the generated steam is collected (6), at least one conveying steam steam line (7) and a main manual located on said steam line (7). In steam systems containing valve (8), the manual valve (8) in question must be activated 5 knocking and explosion caused by differential pressure that may occur during the extraction process to prevent risks, the pressure between before and after the manual valve (8) A stepped pressurization system that enables controlled reduction of the temperature difference. Its characteristic is;  The manual valve (8) is located after the said valve and is put into operation 10 first pressure transmitter (4) which measures the outgoing line pressure,  The manual valve (8) is located before the said manual valve and is manual second pressure transmitter (5) which measures the line pressure coming to the valve (8),  From the first pressure transmitter (4) and the second pressure transmitter (5) processing the incoming instantaneous pressure data and defined in the system (set 15 a control panel (3) that operates according to the differential pressure value (obtained),  In accordance with the commands it receives from the said control panel (3), the line to pressurize gradually in parallel with the main manual valve (8) a control valve operating proportionally on the bypass line (9), It is characterized by its inclusion. 20 2. It is a multi-stage pressurization system in accordance with Claim 1, and its characteristic is; first pressure pressure values ​​read by the first pressure transmitter (4) and the second pressure transmitter (5) When they are equalized, it allows the manual valve (8) to be opened safely. the mentioned has an automation that generates the "openable" signal / confirmation. It includes a control panel (3). 25 3. It is a multi-stage pressurization system in accordance with Claim 1, and its characteristic is; the main one mentioned above. bypass line with a pipe diameter smaller than the diameter of the steam line (7) It includes. 8 4. It is a multi-stage pressurization system in accordance with Claim 1, and its feature is; control panel. (3) The differential pressure value adjusted via the technical safety of the enterprise It is a structure that can be dynamically modified according to its limits.

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