Chemical coolant and use thereof in k-type aerosol fire extinguishing agent

Abstract

Provided in the present invention are a chemical coolant and the use thereof in a K-type aerosol fire extinguishing agent. The chemical coolant comprises the following components in mass percentage: 20-70% of an organic acid, 20-70% of an inorganic acidic substance and 2-10% of a binding agent. In the present invention, a substance released after the organic acid-inorganic acidic substance coolant is used in combination with a K-type aerosol has an excellent electrical insulation property and exhibits very low corrosiveness to copper plates, and the pH of a sediment solution is close to neutral, thus solving the problem of reducing the temperature of aerosol nozzles, as well as the problems of the corrosiveness and electrical insulation of aerosol release products.

Description

A chemical coolant and its application in K-type aerosol fire extinguishing agent Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fire fighting and extinguishing, and particularly relates to a chemical coolant and application thereof in a K-type aerosol fire extinguishing agent. Background Art

[0002] K-type aerosol fire extinguishing agents and S-type aerosol fire extinguishing agents are currently common aerosol fire extinguishing agents. K-type hot aerosol fire extinguishing agent, a new type of fire extinguishing agent, produces an aerosol containing potassium salts through a combustion reaction. Potassium readily reacts with free radicals such as H· and HO·, reducing the free radicals produced during the combustion process and offering the advantage of high fire extinguishing efficiency. The main products released by K-type aerosol fire extinguishing agents include CO2, N2, KOH, and K2CO3. KOH and K2CO3 are strongly alkaline and highly hygroscopic, forming strong alkaline electrolytes upon absorbing moisture. Hygroscopic KOH and K2CO3 are highly conductive and corrosive. The high conductivity of K-type hot aerosol can damage electrical equipment, while its strong corrosiveness can corrode surrounding metal objects. The corrosive and conductive nature of K-type aerosol fire extinguishing agents has limited their application in applications such as precision instruments, live equipment, and battery boxes. Due to its portability, low cost and high fire extinguishing ability, K-type aerosol is still the first choice for many energized scenes. However, after the device is sprayed, it will cause short circuit and corrosion problems, causing secondary damage to energized equipment.

[0003] The products released by existing K-type aerosol fire extinguishing agents are highly corrosive and conductive, and it is difficult to solve the corrosive problem by starting with the K-type aerosol generating agent itself. Currently used coolants also cannot effectively solve the corrosive and conductive problems of aerosol spray products.

[0004] CN114350326 A discloses a coolant prepared from an organic acid, an organic polyol, and a binder. When used in combination with an S-type aerosol containing potassium salt and strontium salt as oxidants, the coolant exhibits low corrosiveness and high insulation properties. However, when used in a K-type aerosol fire extinguishing agent, the coolant cannot completely resolve the conductivity and corrosiveness issues, as the oxidant component of the K-type aerosol is entirely potassium oxidant, which is highly alkaline.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a chemical coolant and its application in a K-type aerosol fire extinguishing agent, which can not only reduce the aerosol nozzle temperature but also solve the problems of corrosiveness and electrical insulation produced by aerosol release products.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is a chemical coolant comprising the following components by mass percentage: 20-70% of organic acid, 20-70% of inorganic acidic substance and 2-10% of binder.

[0008] Furthermore, the organic acid is one or more of benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, terephthalic acid, phthalic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, lauric acid, and sorbic acid.

[0009] Furthermore, the inorganic acidic substance is one or more of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bromide, boric acid, and metaphosphoric acid.

[0010] Furthermore, the binder is one or more of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, shellac, polyvinyl alcohol, starch, dextrin and rubber.

[0011] In a further preferred embodiment, the composition includes the following: 40-50% of an organic acid, 40-50% of an inorganic acidic substance, and 4-10% of a binder.

[0012] Furthermore, the organic acid, inorganic acidic substance and binder are all in solid state at room temperature.

[0013] The present invention also relates to a method for preparing the chemical coolant, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1. Crush and sieve the raw materials, then mix them according to the proportion, and then add methanol to mix;

[0015] The materials obtained in S2 and S1 are granulated through a screen and dried to obtain coolant granules;

[0016] The granules obtained in S3 and S2 are tableted by a tablet press at 8-10 MPa to obtain columnar coolant.

[0017] Furthermore, when sieving after crushing, the screen is 80-100 mesh; when sieving after granulation, the screen is 10-20 mesh, the drying temperature is 40-60° C., and the drying time is 8-12 hours.

[0018] Furthermore, the amount of methanol added is 10-14% of the mass of the material.

[0019] The invention also relates to the application of the chemical coolant in K-type aerosol fire extinguishing agent.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. In order to solve the problems of corrosiveness and electrical conductivity of K-type aerosol, the present invention uses a suitable coolant to cause a chemical reaction between the aerosol and the coolant, thereby reducing the alkalinity of the sprayed material. This solution only changes the type of potassium salt produced and does not reduce the fire extinguishing ability of the aerosol. The released products of K-type aerosol are alkaline oxides K2O and potassium salts K2CO3, etc., which are highly hygroscopic and corrosive. An acidic coolant is added to the outlet of the aerosol device, and the alkaline substances such as K2O and K2CO3 produced by the combustion of the aerosol generator react with the acidic coolant to produce potassium salts that are close to neutral and have weaker hygroscopicity. The corrosiveness and electrical conductivity of the released material will be very weak. This solution not only solves the problem of reducing the temperature of the aerosol nozzle, but also solves the problems of corrosiveness and electrical insulation of the aerosol released products.

[0022] 2. In the present invention, the organic acid acts as a binder, while the inorganic acid primarily reacts with the alkaline potassium salt for neutralization. The combination of the organic-inorganic acid coolant and the K-type aerosol produces a product with excellent electrical insulation properties and minimal corrosion to copper plates, while maintaining a near-neutral pH in the sediment solution.

[0023] 3. When a K-type aerosol fire extinguishing device is activated, the aerosol agent undergoes a combustion reaction, simultaneously producing high-temperature aerosols (CO2, N2, K2O, K2CO3, etc.). This alkaline, high-temperature aerosol enters the coolant chamber and chemically reacts with the acidic coolant to produce near-neutral substances such as K3PO4, K2SO4, KCl, and organic potassium salts. On the one hand, these metal salts are relatively weak in hygroscopicity, resulting in weak electrical conductivity; on the other hand, neutral potassium salts are relatively weak in corrosiveness due to the lack of H+ or OH- ions, preventing hydrogen evolution corrosion and oxygen absorption corrosion. This effectively addresses the electrical insulation and corrosiveness issues of K-type aerosol release products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] FIG1 is a photograph of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 after corrosion, wherein A is Example 1 and B is Comparative Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Coolant composition: 60% organic acid (cinnamic acid), 35% inorganic acidic substance (ammonium dihydrogen phosphate) and 5% ethyl cellulose.

[0028] Cinnamic acid and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate raw materials were pulverized and passed through a 100-mesh sieve. The sieved cinnamic acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and ethyl cellulose were mixed in proportion. After uniform mixing, 12% methanol was added, and the mixture was mixed again. The mixture was granulated through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a coolant. The resulting coolant was dried at 60 degrees Celsius for 12 hours, and then sieved again through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a dried coolant. Finally, the coolant was pressed into tablets. 70g of the coolant was assembled with 50g of a K-type aerosol charge to form an aerosol fire extinguishing device. Electrical insulation, corrosion, pH, and nozzle temperature tests were performed according to the XF 499.1-2010 standard model.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] Coolant composition: 65% organic acid (cinnamic acid), 30% inorganic acid (ammonium chloride) and 5% ethyl cellulose.

[0031] Cinnamic acid and ammonium chloride are pulverized separately and passed through a 100-mesh sieve. The sieved cinnamic acid, ammonium chloride, and ethyl cellulose are mixed in appropriate proportions. After uniform mixing, 12% methanol is added, and the mixture is mixed again. The mixture is then passed through a 20-mesh sieve and granulated to obtain a coolant. The resulting coolant is dried at 60°C for 12 hours, then sieved again through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a dried coolant. The coolant is then pressed into tablets. 70g of the coolant is assembled with 50g of a K-type aerosol charge to form an aerosol fire extinguishing device. Electrical insulation, corrosion, pH, and nozzle temperature tests are performed according to the XF 499.1-2010 standard model.

[0032] Example 3

[0033] Coolant composition: 65% organic acid (cinnamic acid), 30% inorganic acid (ammonium bromide) and 5% ethyl cellulose.

[0034] Cinnamic acid and ammonium bromide are separately ground and passed through a 100-mesh sieve. The sieved cinnamic acid, ammonium bromide, and ethyl cellulose are mixed in appropriate proportions. After uniform mixing, 10% methanol is added, and the mixture is mixed again. The mixture is then passed through a 20-mesh sieve and granulated to produce a coolant. The resulting coolant is dried at 60°C for 12 hours, then sieved again through a 20-mesh sieve to produce a dried coolant. Finally, the coolant is pressed into tablets. 70g of the coolant is assembled with 50g of a K-type aerosol charge to form an aerosol fire extinguishing device. Electrical insulation, corrosion, pH, and nozzle temperature tests are performed according to the XF 499.1-2010 standard model.

[0035] Example 4

[0036] Coolant composition: 62% organic acid (cinnamic acid), 30% inorganic acidic substance (ammonium sulfate) and 8% ethyl cellulose.

[0037] Cinnamic acid and ammonium sulfate raw materials were pulverized separately and passed through an 80-mesh sieve. The sieved cinnamic acid, ammonium sulfate, and ethyl cellulose were mixed in proportion. After uniform mixing, 10% methanol was added, and the mixture was mixed again. The mixture was granulated through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a coolant. The resulting coolant was dried at 60 degrees Celsius for 12 hours, and then sieved again through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a dried coolant. Finally, the coolant was pressed into tablets. 70g of the coolant was assembled with 50g of a K-type aerosol charge to form an aerosol fire extinguishing device. Electrical insulation, corrosion, pH, and nozzle temperature tests were performed according to the XF 499.1-2010 standard model.

[0038] Example 5

[0039] Coolant composition: 70% organic acid (citric acid), 25% inorganic acid (boric acid) and 5% polyvinyl alcohol.

[0040] The citric acid and boric acid raw materials were pulverized separately and passed through a 100-mesh sieve. The sieved citric acid, boric acid, and polyvinyl alcohol were mixed in proportion. After uniform mixing, a 14% methanol solution was added thereto. After uniform mixing again, the mixture was passed through a 10-mesh sieve and granulated to obtain a coolant. The obtained coolant was dried at 60 degrees for 12 hours, and then sieved again through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a dried coolant. Finally, the coolant was pressed into tablets. 70g of the coolant was assembled with 50g of a K-type aerosol charge to form an aerosol fire extinguishing device. Electrical insulation, corrosion, pH, and nozzle temperature tests were performed according to the XF 499.1-2010 standard model.

[0041] Example 6

[0042] Coolant composition: 50% organic acid (tartaric acid), 48% inorganic acid (ammonium sulfate) and 2% phenolic resin.

[0043] Tartaric acid and ammonium sulfate raw materials were pulverized separately and passed through an 80-mesh sieve. The sieved tartaric acid, ammonium sulfate, and phenolic resin were mixed in appropriate proportions. After uniform mixing, 14% methanol was added, and the mixture was mixed again. The mixture was then passed through a 20-mesh sieve and granulated to produce a coolant. The resulting coolant was dried at 60°C for 12 hours, then sieved again through a 20-mesh sieve to produce a dried coolant. The coolant was then pressed into tablets. 70g of the coolant was then assembled with 50g of a K-type aerosol charge to form an aerosol fire extinguishing device. Electrical insulation, corrosion, pH, and nozzle temperature tests were performed according to the XF 499.1-2010 standard model.

[0044] Example 7

[0045] The coolant composition is: 20% organic acid (phthalic acid), 70% inorganic acidic substance (35% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 35% diammonium hydrogen phosphate) and 10% binder (5% dextrin and 5% rubber).

[0046] Phthalic acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and diammonium hydrogen phosphate raw materials were pulverized and passed through a 100-mesh sieve. The sieved phthalic acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and phenolic resin were mixed in proportion. After uniform mixing, 12% methanol was added, and the mixture was mixed again. The mixture was granulated through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a coolant. The resulting coolant was dried at 60 degrees Celsius for 12 hours, and then sieved again through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a dried coolant. Finally, the coolant was pressed into tablets. 70g of the coolant was assembled with 50g of a K-type aerosol charge to form an aerosol fire extinguishing device. Electrical insulation, corrosion, pH, and nozzle temperature tests were performed according to the XF 499.1-2010 standard model.

[0047] Example 8

[0048] The coolant composition is: 35% organic acid (25% oxalic acid, 10% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), 62% inorganic acidic substance (35% ammonium chloride, 27% diammonium hydrogen phosphate) and 3% epoxy resin.

[0049] Oxalic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ammonium chloride, and diammonium phosphate are ground and passed through a 100-mesh sieve. The sieved oxalic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ammonium chloride, diammonium phosphate, and epoxy resin are mixed in appropriate proportions. After uniform mixing, 12% methanol is added, and the mixture is mixed again. The mixture is then passed through a 20-mesh sieve and granulated to produce a coolant. The resulting coolant is dried at 60°C for 12 hours, then sieved again through a 20-mesh sieve to produce a dried coolant. The coolant is then pressed into tablets. 70g of the coolant is then assembled with 50g of a K-type aerosol charge to form an aerosol fire extinguishing device. Electrical insulation, corrosion, pH, and nozzle temperature tests are performed according to the XF 499.1-2010 standard model.

[0050] Example 9

[0051] Coolant composition: 50% organic acid (10% lauric acid, 15% benzoic acid, 25% oxalic acid), 48% inorganic acidic substance (30% diammonium phosphate, 18% boric acid) and 2% shellac.

[0052] Lauric acid, benzoic acid, oxalic acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and boric acid are ground and passed through a 100-mesh sieve. The sieved lauric acid, benzoic acid, oxalic acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid, and epoxy resin are mixed in appropriate proportions. After uniform mixing, 13% methanol is added, mixed again, and the mixture is passed through a 20-mesh sieve and granulated to produce a coolant. The resulting coolant is dried at 60°C for 12 hours, then sieved again through a 20-mesh sieve to produce a dried coolant. Finally, the coolant is pressed into tablets. 70g of the coolant is assembled with 50g of a K-type aerosol charge to form an aerosol fire extinguishing device. Electrical insulation, corrosion, pH, and nozzle temperature tests are performed according to the XF 499.1-2010 standard model.

[0053] Comparative Example 1

[0054] A small fire extinguishing device was assembled using Φ6 ceramic balls as the physical coolant, with 70g of the balls and 50g of a K-type aerosol charge. Electrical insulation, corrosion, pH, and nozzle temperature tests were performed according to the XF 499.1-2010 standard model.

[0055] Comparative Example 2

[0056] Coolant composition: 98% organic acid (tartaric acid) and 2% phenolic resin.

[0057] The tartaric acid raw material was pulverized and passed through a 100-mesh sieve. The sieved tartaric acid and phenolic resin were mixed in appropriate proportions. After uniform mixing, 14% methanol was added. After further uniform mixing, the mixture was passed through a 20-mesh sieve and granulated to produce a coolant. The resulting coolant was dried at 60°C for 12 hours, then sieved again through a 20-mesh sieve to produce a dried coolant. Finally, the coolant was pressed into tablets. 70g of the coolant was assembled with 50g of a K-type aerosol charge to form an aerosol fire extinguishing device. Electrical insulation, corrosion, pH, and nozzle temperature tests were performed according to the XF 499.1-2010 standard model.

[0058] Comparative Example 3

[0059] Coolant composition: 98% inorganic acidic substance (ammonium sulfate) and 2% phenolic resin.

[0060] The ammonium sulfate raw material was pulverized and passed through a 100-mesh sieve. The sieved ammonium sulfate and phenolic resin were mixed in appropriate proportions. After uniform mixing, 14% methanol was added, and the mixture was mixed again. The mixture was then passed through a 20-mesh sieve and granulated to produce a coolant. The resulting coolant was dried at 60°C for 12 hours, then sieved again through a 20-mesh sieve to produce a dried coolant. The coolant was then pressed into tablets. 70g of the coolant was assembled with 50g of a K-type aerosol charge to form an aerosol fire extinguishing device. Electrical insulation, corrosion, pH, and nozzle temperature tests were performed according to the XF 499.1-2010 standard model.

[0061] The characterization data and effect data of the products obtained in the above examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 1 below.

[0062] Table 1

[0063] The data in the table are the electrical insulation, corrosiveness, pH and nozzle temperature of the coolant prepared by the embodiment and the comparative example coolant after being combined with the K-type aerosol. Comparative Example 1 can be seen that the electrical insulation of the K-type aerosol release product using ceramic balls as a coolant is very poor and corrosiveness is very strong, the sediment solution is alkaline, and the nozzle temperature is very high. The inventor's analysis is mainly because the heat absorption capacity of ceramic balls is limited. And after the organic acid-inorganic acid coolant is used in combination with the K-type aerosol, its release has good electrical insulation, and is also very weak to the corrosiveness of copper plates, and the pH of the sediment solution is close to neutrality, and the nozzle temperature is relatively low.

[0064] The corrosiveness of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is shown in Figure 1. The corrosiveness of Example 1 is very weak, while the corrosiveness of Comparative Example 1 is very strong. When the coolant composition is entirely organic acid, its electrical insulation is very strong and its corrosiveness is very weak, but its nozzle temperature is very high. As can be seen from Comparative Example 3, when the coolant composition is entirely inorganic acid, although its nozzle temperature is low, its electrical insulation is poor, its corrosiveness is strong, and its pH is acidic. The coolant composed of an organic acid-inorganic acid combination can maintain strong electrical insulation, low corrosiveness and a low nozzle temperature. From the above results, it can be seen that starting from the coolant, the electrical insulation and corrosiveness of the K-type aerosol release product can be effectively solved.

[0065] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention. The contents described are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, equivalent changes or improvements based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention are all encompassed within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chemical coolant, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-70% of organic acid, 20-70% of inorganic acidic substance and 2-10% of binder.

2. The chemical coolant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic acid is one or more of benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, terephthalic acid, phthalic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, lauric acid, and sorbic acid.

3. The flameless thermal aerosol fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic acidic substance is one or more of diammonium phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bromide, boric acid, and metaphosphoric acid.

4. The chemical coolant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The binder is one or more of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, shellac, polyvinyl alcohol, starch, dextrin and rubber.

5. The chemical coolant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components: 40-50% of organic acid, 40-50% of inorganic acidic substance and 4-10% of binder.

6. The chemical coolant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The organic acid, inorganic acidic substance and binder are all in solid state at room temperature.

7. The method for preparing the chemical coolant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Crush and sieve the raw materials, then mix them according to proportion, and then add methanol to mix well; The materials obtained in S2 and S1 are granulated through a screen and dried to obtain coolant particles; The granules obtained from S3 and S2 are tableted at 8-10 MPa by a tablet press to obtain columnar coolant.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: When sieving after crushing, the screen is 80-100 mesh; when sieving after granulation, the screen is 10-20 mesh, the drying temperature is 40-60°C, and the drying time is 8-12h.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The amount of methanol added is 10-14% of the material mass.

10. Use of the chemical coolant according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in a K-type aerosol fire extinguishing agent.

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