Unpowered hood having adjustable fan blades, and constructed flue gas waste heat recovery system

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are an unpowered hood having adjustable fan blades, and a constructed flue gas waste heat recovery system. The unpowered hood comprises a hood body, lifting mechanisms and a pressure sensor, wherein the hood body comprises a hood top, a bottom ring and a group of fan blades which are tightly arranged between the hood top and the bottom ring; the pressure sensor is arranged on an inner wall of the hood top; the upper ends of the fan blades are located above the hood top, and the ends of the fan blades slightly exceed beyond an outer edge of the hood top; the number of lifting mechanisms corresponds to the number of fan blades, the lifting mechanisms are annularly distributed on the hood top, and each lifting mechanism comprises a lifting plate; an electric push rod and a lifting shaft are arranged on two ends of each lifting plate, respectively, the electric push rod being fixed to the inner wall of the hood top, and the lifting shaft being connected to the fan blade; and the electric push rods and the pressure sensor are electrically connected to a control box. When the pressure sensor detects that pressure inside the hood is excessively large, the lifting mechanisms operate, and the opening degree of the fan blades is increased by lifting the fan blades; thus, the smoke exhaust amount of the hood can be increased, and the smoke exhaust efficiency is improved.

Description

Adjustable blade non-powered hood and constructed flue gas waste heat recovery system Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of public flue smoke exhaust equipment, and in particular to a non-powered hood with adjustable fan blades and a flue gas waste heat recovery system constructed therewith. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's economy, buildings are getting taller and taller. Residential buildings now generally adopt high-rise design structures and are equipped with public flues. Each household connects the exhaust pipe of the range hood to the public flue, and the fumes are discharged to the outside through the public flue. The process of exhausting fumes mainly relies on the mechanical propulsion of the range hood to make the fumes rise. The fumes from low- and medium-rise buildings will encounter greater resistance along the way during the exhaust process, which is not conducive to discharge. The unpowered hood is a device that uses the natural wind speed to drive the turbine rotation of the fan and the principle of indoor and outdoor air convection to accelerate and convert any parallel air flow into vertical air flow from bottom to top to improve indoor ventilation. It has the advantages of easy installation, no need for additional power supply, and long-term operation. It is widely used as a power source for public flues to guide the exhaust of fumes. However, residents cook at relatively consistent times, and during peak cooking times, they discharge cooking fumes into the public flue. During this period, a significant amount of smoke accumulates in the flue. Currently, the blades of non-powered hoods are fixed, resulting in a fixed exhaust volume (at a constant wind speed) and direction. This makes them ineffective in handling high exhaust volumes, impacting fume emission efficiency. Furthermore, even when not exhausting smoke, non-powered hoods still need to provide ventilation and rain protection. Simply increasing the blade opening would make it easier for rainwater and external dirt to fall through the hood into the flue. Furthermore, the smoke discharged from non-powered hoods contains a significant amount of waste heat, and directly discharging it would waste energy. Technical issues

[0003] The present application provides a non-powered hood with adjustable blades to overcome the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art. The blades in the non-powered hood with adjustable blades of the present application are connected to the top of the hood through a lifting mechanism, and a pressure sensor is provided inside the hood; when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure inside the hood is too high, it determines that the smoke exhaust volume in the public flue is large, and the lifting mechanism works to increase the opening of the blades by raising the height of the blades, thereby increasing the smoke exhaust volume of the hood and improving the smoke exhaust efficiency. In addition, the present application also provides a flue gas waste heat recovery system constructed by using the non-powered hood with adjustable blades of the present application and a thermoelectric generator, which is used to absorb the waste heat of the flue gas and convert it into electrical energy to avoid energy waste; and the system can increase the smoke exhaust volume by adjusting the opening of the hood blades to enhance convective heat exchange, so that the thermoelectric generator can better absorb the waste heat of the flue gas and realize the recycling of the flue gas. Technical Solutions

[0004] For the unpowered hood, the technical solution of this application is:

[0005] The invention relates to a non-powered hood with adjustable fan blades, comprising a hood body and a base; the hood body comprises a hood top, a bottom ring, and a group of fan blades closely arranged between the hood top and the bottom ring; the base comprises a fixedly connected variable-angle tube neck and a waterproof base; a screw and an upper bracket are provided inside the hood body; a lower bracket is provided inside the base, the upper end of the screw is rotatably connected to the hood top, and the lower end passes through the middle of the upper bracket and is fixedly connected to the lower bracket; the hood also comprises a lifting mechanism and a pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is provided on the inner wall of the hood top; the upper ends of the fan blades are located above the hood top, and the ends slightly exceed the outer edge of the hood top; the number of the lifting mechanisms corresponds to the number of the fan blades and is distributed in a ring on the hood top, and comprises a lifting plate; an electric push rod and a lifting shaft are respectively provided at both ends of the lifting plate; the electric push rod is fixed to the inner wall of the hood top; the lifting shaft is connected to the fan blades; the electric push rod and the pressure sensor are electrically connected to a control box; and the control box is provided on the outer wall of the hood top. As for the system, the technical solution of the present application is: a flue gas waste heat recovery system, including an unpowered wind hood arranged at the common flue outlet, and a group of thermoelectric generators distributed circumferentially around the unpowered wind hood; the unpowered wind hood is the aforementioned unpowered wind hood with adjustable wind blades of the present application; the hot end of the thermoelectric generator is arranged opposite to the wind blades of the unpowered wind hood, and the output end is connected to the battery. Beneficial effects

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the fan blades in the adjustable fan blade non-powered hood of the present application are connected to the hood top through a lifting mechanism, and a pressure sensor is provided inside the hood; the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure inside the hood and send it to the control box. When the detected pressure value is greater than the set value, it is determined that the smoke exhaust volume in the public flue is large, and the control box controls the lifting mechanism to work, and the electric push rod pushes one end of the lifting plate to move downward, so that the other end of the lifting plate is tilted, driving the lifting shaft to move upward to lift the height of the fan blade, thereby increasing the opening of the fan blade, increasing the smoke exhaust volume of the hood, and improving the smoke exhaust efficiency; in addition, the upper end of the fan blade is located above the hood top, and the end slightly exceeds the outer edge of the hood top. When the fan blade is lifted, the end of the upper end of the fan blade will contact the hood top, thereby ensuring that there will be no gap between the fan blade and the hood top after it is fully lifted, preventing rainwater and external dirt from falling in.

[0007] As an optimization, in the aforementioned non-powered hood with adjustable fan blades, the angle between the lifting shaft and the lifting plate is 100° to 145°. Thus, when the lifting mechanism is working, the lifting shaft moves upward at an angle, and the angle between the lifting shaft and the vertical plane is 10° to 45°. When the lifting plate is subjected to downward pressure, the lifting shaft can better lift the fan blades and increase the fan blade opening. Furthermore, the lifting plate is in the shape of a teardrop, with its large end connected to the electric push rod and the small end connected to the lifting shaft. Thus, when the electric push rod pushes the lifting plate downward, it can more easily drive the lifting shaft to move upward.

[0008] As an optimization, in the aforementioned non-powered hood with adjustable blades, each blade's upper end is connected to two adjacent blades via lifting shafts. This ensures a relatively uniform increase in the opening of each blade, allowing smoke to be evenly discharged from the hood. Furthermore, the lifting shaft is cylindrical and internally threaded; it is secured to the blades via bolts.

[0009] As an optimization, in the aforementioned blade-adjustable non-powered hood, the lower ends of each blade are connected to the two adjacent blades by rivets fixed to the bottom ring.

[0010] As an optimization, in the aforementioned blade-adjustable non-powered hood, the upper bracket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom ring by rivets, and the lower bracket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the variable-angle tube neck by rivets. This makes assembly easier and the connection more secure.

[0011] As an optimization, in the aforementioned non-powered hood with adjustable blades, the control box includes a controller and a power module; the power module provides power to the controller, electric actuator, and pressure sensor. When the non-powered hood is used alone, a small solar cell can be installed on the top of the hood, electrically connected to the power module. The small solar cell converts solar energy into and stores electrical energy, providing power to the controller, electric actuator, and pressure sensor, thereby reducing mains electricity usage and conserving energy.

[0012] Compared to existing technologies, the flue gas waste heat recovery system of the present application absorbs waste heat from the flue gas in the public flue and converts it into electrical energy, which is then stored in a battery and used to power small devices in the floor design (such as various measuring devices, control valves, control switches, sensors, etc.), thus avoiding energy waste. Furthermore, the thermoelectric generators are arranged at intervals along the circumference, facilitating the full recovery of waste heat from the flue gas. During use, the system can also increase the exhaust volume by adjusting the opening of the hood's blades, changing the direction of the flue gas outflow, allowing the flue gas to better impact the hot end of the thermoelectric generator, enhancing the efficiency of the thermoelectric generator in capturing waste heat from the flue gas and improving the utilization rate of waste heat from the flue gas. Furthermore, the hood is an entirely metal structure, which is exposed to a higher temperature on the top floor. The hood transfers its own heat to the flue gas through convection during rotation. When the hood's blades are opened wider, the ventilation volume increases, thereby enhancing convection heat transfer and better transferring heat from the hood to the flue gas.

[0013] As an optimization, in the aforementioned flue gas waste heat recovery system, the control box is connected to the battery via a conductive slip ring. This allows the control box to be powered directly by the heat recovered from the battery, eliminating the need for a separate independent power source. This simplifies the structure and makes installation easier.

[0014] As an optimization, in the aforementioned flue gas waste heat recovery system, an ultraviolet lamp is installed on the inner wall of the common flue outlet, electrically connected to a battery. The ultraviolet lamp disinfects and purifies the flue gas within the common flue, making the exhaust more environmentally friendly. Flue gas not absorbed by the thermoelectric generator is discharged into the atmosphere without polluting the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of the non-powered hood with adjustable blades of the present application;

[0016] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hood body in the present application;

[0017] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of the base in this application;

[0018] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the fan blade and the cap top in the present application;

[0019] FIG5 is a partial schematic diagram of the assembly of the fan blade and the cap top in the present application;

[0020] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermoelectric generator in this application;

[0021] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of the flue gas waste heat recovery system in this application;

[0022] FIG8 is a flue gas flow diagram of the flue gas waste heat recovery system in FIG7 .

[0023] The markings in the accompanying drawings are: 1-hood body, 11-hood top, 12-bottom ring, 13-fan blade; 2-base, 21-variable angle tube neck, 22-waterproof base; 3-screw; 4-upper bracket; 5-lower bracket; 6-lifting mechanism, 61-lifting plate, 62-electric push rod, 63-lifting shaft; 7-pressure sensor; 8-control box; 9-thermoelectric generator, 901-hot end, 902-cold end, 903-output end; 10-battery. Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0024] The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present application.

[0025] Embodiment (referring to Figure 1~Figure 5):

[0026] The blade-adjustable non-powered hood in this embodiment includes a hood body 1 and a base 2; the hood body 1 includes a hood top 11, a bottom ring 12, and a group of blades 13 closely arranged between the hood top 11 and the bottom ring 12; the hood top 11 and the blades 13 are both arc-shaped (which can effectively prevent rainwater from accumulating on the surface of the hood body 1); the base 2 includes a fixedly connected variable-angle tube neck 21 and a waterproof base 22; a screw 3 and an upper bracket 4 are provided inside the hood body 1; a lower bracket 5 is provided inside the base 2, the upper end of the screw 3 is rotatably connected to the hood top 11, and the lower end passes through the middle of the upper bracket 4 and is fixedly connected to the lower bracket 5; it also includes a lifting mechanism 6 and a pressure sensor 7; the pressure sensor 7 is provided on the inner wall of the hood top 11; the hood The upper end of the blade 13 is located above the hat top 11, and the end slightly exceeds the outer edge of the hat top 11; the number of the lifting mechanism 6 corresponds to the number of the fan blades 13, and is distributed in a ring shape on the hat top 11, which includes a lifting plate 61; the two ends of the lifting plate 61 are respectively provided with an electric push rod 62 and a lifting shaft 63; the electric push rod 62 is fixed on the inner wall of the hat top 11; the lifting shaft 63 is connected to the fan blade 13; the electric push rod 62 and the pressure sensor 7 are electrically connected to the control box 8; the control box 8 is arranged on the outer wall of the hat top 11, and the angle between the lifting shaft 63 and the lifting plate 61 is 120° (at this time, the angle between the lifting shaft 63 and the vertical plane is 20°, and when the lifting plate 61 is subjected to downward pressure, the lifting shaft 62 tilts and moves upward). During use, the pressure sensor 7 detects the pressure inside the hood and sends it to the control box 8. When the detected pressure value is greater than the set value (set according to factors such as the floor height), it is determined that the smoke exhaust volume in the public flue is large, and the control box 8 controls the electric push rod 62 to work, pushing one end of the lifting plate 61 to move downward, so that the other end of the lifting plate 61 is tilted, driving the lifting shaft 62 to move tilted upward, and raising the height of the fan blade 13 (the lower end of the fan blade 13 is fixed, so the tilted upward movement of the lifting shaft 62 will push the upper end of the fan blade 13 outward, and the end of the upper end of the fan blade 13 contacts the hood top 11, and the height of the fan blade 13 is raised at this time) to increase the opening of the fan blade 13 and increase the smoke exhaust volume of the hood.

[0027] In this embodiment, the lifting plate 61 is in the shape of a teardrop, with its large end connected to the electric push rod 62 and its small end connected to the lifting shaft 63. Therefore, when the electric push rod 62 pushes the lifting plate 61 downward, it can more easily drive the lifting shaft 63 to move upward.

[0028] In this embodiment, the two sides of the upper end of each fan blade 13 are connected to the two adjacent fan blades 13 through a lifting shaft 63. In this way, it can be ensured that the increased opening of each fan blade 13 is relatively uniform, so that the smoke can be evenly discharged from the inside of the hood. Furthermore, the lifting shaft 63 is cylindrical and has an internal thread; the lifting shaft 63 and the fan blade 13 are fixed by bolts. The two sides of the lower end of each fan blade 13 are connected to the two adjacent fan blades 13 through rivets, and the rivets are fixed to the bottom ring 12. In this case, the structure is simple and easy to assemble.

[0029] In this embodiment, the upper bracket 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom ring 12 by rivets, and the lower bracket 5 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the variable angle tube neck 21 by rivets. In this case, assembly is easy and the connection is strong.

[0030] As a specific application of the non-powered hood with adjustable fan blades of this embodiment:

[0031] Referring to Figures 6 to 8 , the flue gas waste heat recovery system includes an unpowered hood located at the public flue outlet and a group of thermoelectric generators 9 circumferentially spaced around the unpowered hood. The unpowered hood is the aforementioned unpowered hood with adjustable blades described in this application. The thermoelectric generators 9 are rectangular, with the end closest to the unpowered hood serving as a hot end 901, the end further from the hood serving as a cold end 902, and the lower portion serving as an output end 903. The hot end 901 of the thermoelectric generator 9 is positioned opposite the blades 13 of the unpowered hood, and the output end 903 is electrically connected to a battery 10. The thermoelectric generators 9 absorb the waste heat from the flue gas in the public flue and convert it into electrical energy. The electrical energy is then fed into the battery 10 via the output end 903, which then powers small devices in the floor design (such as various measuring devices, control valves, control switches, sensors, etc.), thereby avoiding energy waste and reducing the use of mains electricity.

[0032] As a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned flue gas waste heat recovery system: the control box 8 includes a controller and a power module; the power module is electrically connected to the controller, the electric push rod and the pressure sensor, and is connected to the battery 10 through a conductive slip ring. In this way, the controller, the electric push rod 62 and the pressure sensor 7 can be powered directly by the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric generator 9 absorbing the waste heat of the flue gas, without the need to set up other independent power supplies, which simplifies the installation structure and helps to control costs. Furthermore, an ultraviolet lamp is provided on the inner wall of the outlet of the common flue, and the ultraviolet lamp is electrically connected to the battery 10. The ultraviolet lamp can disinfect and purify the flue gas in the common flue, making the discharged flue gas more environmentally friendly. The flue gas that is not absorbed by the thermoelectric generator 9 will not pollute the environment after being discharged into the atmosphere.

[0033] The above general description of the invention and the description of its specific embodiments involved in this application should not be construed as limiting the technical solutions of the invention. Based on the disclosure of this application, those skilled in the art may, without violating the constituent elements of the invention involved, add to, subtract from, or combine the disclosed technical features in the above general description and / or specific embodiments (including examples) to form other technical solutions within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A non-powered hood with adjustable blades, comprising a hood body (1) and a base (2); the hood body (1) comprises a hood top (11), a bottom ring (12), and a group of blades (13) closely arranged between the hood top (11) and the bottom ring (12); the base (2) comprises a variable angle tube neck (21) and a waterproof base (22) which are fixedly connected; a screw rod (3) and an upper bracket (4) are provided inside the hood body (1); a lower bracket (5) is provided inside the base (2), the upper end of the screw rod (3) is rotatably connected to the hood top (11), and the lower end passes through the middle of the upper bracket (4) and is fixedly connected to the lower bracket (5); the characteristics are: The invention also comprises a lifting mechanism (6) and a pressure sensor (7); the pressure sensor (7) is arranged on the inner wall of the hat top (11); the upper end of the fan blade (13) is located above the hat top (11), and the end slightly exceeds the outer edge of the hat top (11); the number of the lifting mechanism (6) corresponds to the number of the fan blades (13), and they are distributed in a ring shape on the hat top (11), and comprise a lifting plate (61); the two ends of the lifting plate (61) are respectively provided with an electric push rod (62) and a lifting shaft (63); the electric push rod (62) is fixed on the inner wall of the hat top (11); the lifting shaft (63) is connected to the fan blade (13); the electric push rod (62) and the pressure sensor (7) are electrically connected to a control box (8); the control box (8) is arranged on the outer wall of the hat top (11).

2. The blade-adjustable non-powered hood according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The angle between the lifting shaft (63) and the lifting plate (61) is 100° to 145°.

3. The blade-adjustable non-powered hood according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lifting plate (61) is in the shape of a water drop, with a large end connected to the electric push rod (62) and a small end connected to the lifting shaft (63).

4. The blade-adjustable non-powered hood according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Both sides of the upper end of each fan blade (13) are connected to two adjacent fan blades (13) via lifting shafts (63) respectively.

5. The blade-adjustable non-powered hood according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Both sides of the lower end of each fan blade (13) are connected to two adjacent fan blades (13) via rivets, respectively, and the rivets are fixed on the bottom ring (12).

6. The blade-adjustable non-powered hood according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The lifting shaft (63) is cylindrical and has an internal thread; the lifting shaft (63) and the fan blade (13) are connected and fixed by bolts.

7. The blade-adjustable non-powered hood according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control box includes a controller and a power module, and the power module is electrically connected to a small solar battery.

8. Flue gas waste heat recovery system, characterized by: The invention comprises an unpowered hood arranged at a common flue outlet, and a group of thermoelectric generators (9) distributed around the unpowered hood at intervals in the circumferential direction; the unpowered hood is a blade-adjustable unpowered hood as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; the hot end (901) of the thermoelectric generator (9) is arranged opposite to the blades (13) of the unpowered hood, and the output end (903) is connected to a storage battery (10).

9. The flue gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control box (8) is connected to the battery (10) via a conductive slip ring.

10. The flue gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 9, characterized in that: An ultraviolet lamp is provided on the inner wall of the outlet of the common flue, and the ultraviolet lamp is electrically connected to a battery (10).

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