Hydrogen charging method and hydrogen production and hydrogen charging control method

Abstract

A hydrogen charging method and system, the method comprising: measuring a value of pressure in a hydrogen charging pipe in real time at intervals; when the value of pressure in the hydrogen charging pipe is greater than or equal to an upper limit standard pressure threshold value, producing hydrogen at a second hydrogen production rate smaller than a first hydrogen production rate, and charging hydrogen into a hydrogen storage device at a second hydrogen charging rate smaller than a first hydrogen charging rate; when the value of pressure in the hydrogen charging pipe is smaller than a lower limit standard pressure threshold value, producing hydrogen at a rate increased by a preset increment on the basis of the second hydrogen production rate; and performing hydrogen charging until a solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device reaches a hydrogen absorption saturation state. A hydrogen production and hydrogen charging control method and system, the method comprising: controlling a hydrogen production module to charge hydrogen into a hydrogen storage module, and measuring the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module in real time; acquiring the current pressure and a pressure increase rate of the hydrogen storage module in real time; and when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not smaller than a first pressure threshold value, controlling the power of the hydrogen production module to be reduced, and when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than a second pressure threshold value, controlling the power of the hydrogen production module to increase until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold value and the second pressure threshold value and the pressure increase rate of the hydrogen storage module is a reference rate.

Description

A hydrogen charging method and a hydrogen production and charging control method Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen energy technology, and in particular to a hydrogen charging method and a hydrogen production and charging control method. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen is an effective energy storage method. During peak renewable energy generation periods, electricity is converted into chemical energy and stored in hydrogen. During peak electricity demand periods, the energy carried by the hydrogen is converted back into electricity through fuel cells. Therefore, technologies for hydrogen production, storage, and transportation have attracted considerable attention from researchers.

[0003] The hydrogen production and filling method of existing hydrogen production and filling equipment is usually as follows: before the hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module reaches a first proportional value, the PEM electrolyzer of the hydrogen production module produces hydrogen at full power; after the hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module reaches the first proportional value but before it reaches a second proportional value, when it is detected that the pressure in the hydrogen storage module is too high, the power supply of the PEM electrolyzer is controlled to shut down; when it is detected that the pressure in the hydrogen storage module is too low, the power supply of the PEM electrolyzer is restarted.

[0004] The above-mentioned hydrogen production and charging method has the following defects: in the stage before the hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module reaches the first proportional value, the hydrogen absorption efficiency of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage module will gradually decrease as the hydrogen content increases, so full power hydrogen production is always maintained, which not only causes power consumption, but also wastes the produced hydrogen because the hydrogen storage alloy cannot absorb hydrogen in time. The redundant hydrogen will also cause the pipeline pressure to rise, and the pressure relief valve has a high pressure release threshold and cannot release the pressure in time. Maintaining full power hydrogen production will reduce the service life of the pipeline and the service life of the PEM electrolyzer. In the stage after the hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module reaches the first proportional value but before it reaches the second proportional value, the hydrogen absorption efficiency of the hydrogen storage alloy is at a relatively low level. Controlling the pressure in the hydrogen storage module requires repeatedly turning off and restarting the power supply of the PEM electrolyzer, which reduces the service life of the PEM electrolyzer and consumes excessive power. At the same time, repeated switching of the solenoid valve will shorten the service life of the solenoid valve.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the above technical defects, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an efficient hydrogen charging method and system, which can intelligently adjust the hydrogen production and charging process in real time, avoid energy loss and extend the service life of various components.

[0007] The present invention discloses an efficient hydrogen charging method, comprising the following steps: when hydrogen charging starts, hydrogen is produced at a first hydrogen production speed, and hydrogen is charged into a hydrogen storage device at a first hydrogen charging rate, and a solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device absorbs and stores hydrogen, and the first hydrogen production speed is the maximum hydrogen production speed of the equipment; the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline is detected in real time at intervals of a first time period; when the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline is greater than or equal to an upper standard pressure value threshold, hydrogen is produced at a second hydrogen charging rate less than the first hydrogen production rate, and hydrogen is charged into the hydrogen storage device at the second hydrogen charging rate less than the first hydrogen charging rate; when the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline is less than a lower standard pressure value threshold, hydrogen is produced at a rate of a preset increment on the basis of the second hydrogen production rate, and hydrogen is charged into the hydrogen storage device at a rate of a preset increment on the basis of the second hydrogen charging rate; until the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device reaches a hydrogen absorption saturation state, hydrogen charging is stopped.

[0008] Preferably, the charging of hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device at the first hydrogen charging rate includes: producing hydrogen at a constant first hydrogen production rate, and charging of hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device at a constant first hydrogen charging rate.

[0009] Preferably, after filling the hydrogen storage device with hydrogen at the second hydrogen filling rate, the method includes: if the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is still greater than or equal to the upper limit standard pressure value threshold, filling the hydrogen storage device with hydrogen at the second hydrogen filling rate for a second preset time period, and then filling the hydrogen storage device with hydrogen at a third hydrogen filling rate for a third preset time period; the third hydrogen filling rate is less than the second hydrogen filling rate.

[0010] Preferably, when the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline is greater than or equal to the upper limit standard pressure value threshold, hydrogen is charged into the hydrogen storage device at a second hydrogen charging rate that is less than the first hydrogen charging rate, including: when the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline is greater than the upper limit standard pressure value threshold, the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline should be less than the maximum pressure value threshold; if it is detected in real time that the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline is greater than or equal to the maximum pressure value threshold, hydrogen production is stopped immediately.

[0011] Preferably, when the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is greater than or equal to the upper limit standard pressure value threshold, hydrogen is charged into the hydrogen storage device at a second hydrogen charging rate that is less than the first hydrogen charging rate. The method also includes: when the difference between the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline and the upper limit standard pressure value threshold is less than a first preset difference, hydrogen is charged into the hydrogen storage device at a second hydrogen charging rate that is less than the first hydrogen charging rate.

[0012] Preferably, the real-time detection of the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline at intervals of the first time period includes: if the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline is less than the upper limit standard pressure value minus a second preset difference or greater than the lower limit standard pressure value threshold minus a third preset difference, the real-time detection of the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline at intervals of the third time period; otherwise, the real-time detection of the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline at intervals of the first time period; the third time period is less than the first time period.

[0013] Preferably, the step of reaching a hydrogen absorption saturation state of the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device includes: when the hydrogen charging rate is reduced to zero and continues for a fourth time period, the pressure in the hydrogen charging pipeline still maintains the upper limit standard pressure value threshold, or the pressure in the hydrogen charging pipeline does not decrease after the production of hydrogen is stopped for a second time period, then it is considered that the solid-state hydrogen storage material has reached a hydrogen absorption saturation state.

[0014] Preferably, the preset increment is a preset percentage value of the current hydrogen charging rate; the percentage value includes 5% to 10%.

[0015] The present invention also discloses a hydrogen filling system, comprising a hydrogen storage device, a hydrogen filling pipeline and a hydrogen source, wherein the hydrogen source is connected to the hydrogen storage device via the hydrogen filling pipeline to fill hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device; a solid hydrogen storage material is provided in the hydrogen storage device for absorbing and storing hydrogen; the hydrogen storage device comprises an air inlet, the hydrogen filling pipeline is connected to the air inlet, and an air inlet valve and a pressure detection unit are provided on the hydrogen filling pipeline; when hydrogen filling starts, the hydrogen source is controlled by the air inlet valve to fill hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device at a first hydrogen filling rate, and the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device absorbs hydrogen and stores it; the pressure detection unit is provided. The unit detects the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline in real time at intervals of a first time period; when the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is greater than or equal to an upper standard pressure value threshold, the hydrogen source is controlled by the air intake valve to fill hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device at a second hydrogen filling rate that is less than the first hydrogen filling rate; when the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is less than a lower standard pressure value threshold, the hydrogen source is controlled by the air intake valve to fill hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device at a rate that increases a preset increment on the basis of the second hydrogen filling rate; until the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device reaches a hydrogen absorption saturation state, hydrogen charging is stopped.

[0016] The present invention also discloses a hydrogen production and charging control method, comprising the following steps: controlling the hydrogen production module to charge the hydrogen storage module with hydrogen, and obtaining the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module in real time; when the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is greater than a first proportional threshold, controlling the hydrogen production module to enter a slow charging mode; obtaining the current pressure and pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module in real time to control the power reduction or increase of the hydrogen production module; wherein, when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not less than a first pressure threshold, the power of the hydrogen production module is controlled to be reduced, and when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than a second pressure threshold, the power of the hydrogen production module is controlled to be increased until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module is a reference rate; when the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module reaches the full content, controlling the hydrogen production module to stop charging the hydrogen storage module with hydrogen.

[0017] Preferably, the step of acquiring the current pressure and pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module in real time to control the power reduction or increase of the hydrogen production module includes: when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not less than a first pressure threshold, controlling the current of the hydrogen production module to reduce a first initial current value; when the pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module is less than the pressure reduction rate threshold, controlling the current of the hydrogen production module to increase by a current adjustment value at intervals until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module is a reference rate; when the pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module is greater than the reference rate, controlling the current of the hydrogen production module to reduce by the current adjustment value at intervals until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module is the reference rate.

[0018] Preferably, the step of acquiring the current pressure and pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module in real time to control the power reduction or increase of the hydrogen production module includes: when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than the second pressure threshold, controlling the current of the hydrogen production module to increase to a second initial current value; when the pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module is greater than the pressure rise rate threshold, controlling the current of the hydrogen production module to decrease by a current adjustment value at intervals until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module is a reference rate; when the pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module is less than the reference rate, controlling the current of the hydrogen production module to increase by the current adjustment value at intervals until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module is the reference rate.

[0019] Preferably, the step of controlling the hydrogen production module to enter the slow charging mode when the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is greater than the first proportion threshold value also includes obtaining the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage module in real time; when the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy is lower than the hydrogen absorption rate threshold value for a duration greater than the low-speed time length threshold value, controlling the hydrogen production module to enter the slow charging mode.

[0020] Preferably, the step of obtaining the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage module in real time includes obtaining the current hydrogen flow rate detected by the gas flow sensor element in the hydrogen storage module in real time as the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy.

[0021] Preferably, the following steps are also included: when the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than the first proportional threshold, controlling the hydrogen production module to enter the fast charging mode; when the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than the second proportional threshold, controlling the hydrogen production module to operate at a first fixed power value, wherein the first proportional threshold is greater than the second proportional threshold; when the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is between the first proportional threshold and the second proportional threshold, calculating a second dynamic power value according to the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module, and controlling the hydrogen production module to operate at the second dynamic power value.

[0022] Preferably, the step of acquiring the current pressure and pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module in real time to control the power reduction or increase of the hydrogen production module includes: when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not less than a first pressure threshold, controlling the input voltage of the current source in the hydrogen production module to reduce, so as to reduce the power of the hydrogen production module; when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than a second pressure threshold, controlling the input voltage of the current source in the hydrogen production module to increase, so as to increase the power of the hydrogen production module.

[0023] The present invention also discloses a hydrogen production and charging control system, comprising a hydrogen production module, a hydrogen storage module, and a control module; the control module controls the hydrogen production module to charge the hydrogen storage module with hydrogen, and obtains the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module in real time; when the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is greater than a first proportional threshold, the control module controls the hydrogen production module to enter a slow charging mode; the control module obtains the current pressure and pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module in real time to control the power reduction or increase of the hydrogen production module; when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not less than a first pressure threshold, the power of the hydrogen production module is controlled to be reduced; when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than a second pressure threshold, the power of the hydrogen production module is controlled to be increased until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module is a reference rate; when the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module reaches full content, the control module controls the hydrogen production module to stop charging the hydrogen storage module with hydrogen.

[0024] Preferably, it also includes that the control module obtains the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage module in real time; when the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy is lower than the hydrogen absorption rate threshold for a duration greater than the low-speed duration threshold, the control module controls the hydrogen production module to enter the slow charging mode.

[0025] Preferably, it also includes that when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not less than a first pressure threshold, the control module reduces the power of the hydrogen production module by controlling the input voltage of the current source in the hydrogen production module to decrease; when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than a second pressure threshold, the control module increases the power of the hydrogen production module by controlling the input voltage of the current source in the hydrogen production module to increase.

[0026] Compared with the existing technology, the above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. When the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline is detected to be greater than or equal to the upper standard pressure value threshold, the hydrogen charging rate is reduced instead of stopping hydrogen charging, thereby avoiding the pressure drop in the hydrogen storage device caused by stopping hydrogen charging and thus the reduction of hydrogen absorption capacity;

[0028] 2. By real-time detection of the pressure in the hydrogen filling pipeline, the hydrogen filling rate is adjusted in real time according to the pressure in the hydrogen filling pipeline, so that the pressure in the hydrogen storage device is always within the highest safe range, thereby maintaining a faster hydrogen filling speed;

[0029] 3. During the hydrogen charging stage with a high hydrogen content, the hydrogen production module is controlled to operate at a lower power to improve the safety of the hydrogen production module and the hydrogen charging module;

[0030] 4. Adjust the pressure of the hydrogen storage module by controlling the power of the hydrogen production module, thereby extending the service life of the system's core components and pipeline accessories;

[0031] 5. Avoid repeated start and stop of the hydrogen production module and repeated opening and closing of the solenoid valve, thus extending the service life of the hydrogen production module and the solenoid valve;

[0032] 6. It can flexibly switch between fast charging mode and slow charging mode according to the hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy, shortening the time of hydrogen production and charging, saving energy and electricity;

[0033] 7. In fast charging mode, the power of the hydrogen production module is further intelligently adjusted to ensure that temporary hydrogen charging can meet basic endurance requirements while improving system safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] FIG1 is a flow chart of a hydrogen charging method provided by the present invention;

[0035] FIG2 is a diagram showing the effect of hydrogen flow in the hydrogen filling pipeline in the inflation experiment provided by the present invention;

[0036] FIG3 is a diagram showing pressure changes in a hydrogen filling pipeline in an inflation experiment provided by the present invention;

[0037] FIG4 is a schematic flow chart of the hydrogen production and charging control method according to the present invention;

[0038] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen production and charging control system according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The advantages of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, with examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, identical numerals in different figures represent identical or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all possible embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0041] The terms used in this disclosure are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the disclosure. As used in this disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," "the," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal communication between two components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] In the following description, the suffixes such as "module", "component" or "unit" used to represent elements are only used to facilitate the description of the present invention and have no specific meaning. Therefore, "module" and "component" can be used interchangeably.

[0045] The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle is pumped into the hydrogen storage device through the pressure difference caused by the air pressure in the hydrogen filling line being greater than the air pressure in the hydrogen storage device. The hydrogen absorption capacity of solid-state hydrogen storage is related to pressure and temperature: the higher the pressure, the greater the hydrogen absorption rate. After the hydrogen storage device is pumped with gas, the air pressure increases, and the pressure difference between the hydrogen storage device and the hydrogen filling line decreases, thereby reducing the hydrogen filling rate. At the same time, inside the hydrogen storage device, the gaseous hydrogen is adsorbed by the solid-state hydrogen storage material (usually a hydrogen storage alloy), so the pressure inside the hydrogen storage device also begins to decrease. Therefore, the pressure in the hydrogen filling line, the pressure in the hydrogen storage device, and the adsorption capacity of the solid-state hydrogen storage material are an interactive and dynamically changing process.

[0046] Referring to FIG. 1 , the present invention discloses a hydrogen charging method, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S100, when hydrogen charging starts, hydrogen is produced at a first hydrogen production speed, and hydrogen is charged into the hydrogen storage device at a first hydrogen charging rate, and the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device absorbs and stores hydrogen;

[0048] S200, detecting the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline in real time at intervals of a first time period;

[0049] S301, when the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is greater than or equal to the upper standard pressure value threshold, hydrogen is produced at a second hydrogen filling rate that is lower than the first hydrogen production rate, and hydrogen is filled into the hydrogen storage device at the second hydrogen filling rate that is lower than the first hydrogen filling rate;

[0050] S302: When the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is less than the lower limit standard pressure value threshold, hydrogen gas is produced at a rate of a preset increment based on the second hydrogen production rate, and hydrogen is charged into the hydrogen storage device at a rate of a preset increment based on the second hydrogen filling rate;

[0051] S400: Stop charging hydrogen until the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device reaches a saturated state of hydrogen absorption.

[0052] The lower limit standard pressure value threshold here can be understood as the lower limit of the optimal hydrogen filling rate, and the upper limit standard pressure value threshold can be understood as the maximum safe pressure threshold in the hydrogen filling pipeline and the hydrogen storage bottle.

[0053] It can be understood that the present invention includes three processes. The first process is to charge the hydrogen storage device with hydrogen at a first charging rate. At this time, the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage device is at its lowest hydrogen absorption saturation state, resulting in a rapid hydrogen absorption rate, and all the hydrogen injected is absorbed by the hydrogen storage alloy. The second process is to gradually reduce the hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy, so that excess hydrogen (not immediately absorbed) begins to accumulate in the hydrogen storage bottle. The pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle begins to rise, and the pressure in the hydrogen filling line also begins to rise. When it rises to (near) the upper standard pressure threshold, further pressure increase would be very dangerous, so it is necessary to reduce the pressure. The hydrogen storage device is then charged with hydrogen at a second charging rate that is less than the first charging rate. The third process can be understood as a maintenance process. That is, if the pressure in the hydrogen filling line is less than the lower standard pressure threshold after the hydrogen filling rate is reduced, it is necessary to increase the hydrogen filling rate again to maintain the pressure in the hydrogen filling line between the lower standard pressure threshold and the upper standard pressure threshold, thereby achieving a higher hydrogen absorption rate in the hydrogen storage bottle.

[0054] In step S100, hydrogen is produced at a constant first hydrogen production rate, and hydrogen is continuously charged into the hydrogen storage device at a constant first hydrogen charging rate. Because the hydrogen content in the hydrogen storage bottle is low at this time, and the hydrogen storage alloy has a strong hydrogen absorption capacity, hydrogen is continuously charged into the hydrogen storage device at a higher hydrogen charging rate to achieve an optimal hydrogen absorption state. This also belongs to the first process described above.

[0055] In step S301, after hydrogen is charged into the hydrogen storage device at a second hydrogen charging rate that is lower than the first hydrogen charging rate, if the pressure value in the hydrogen charging line is still greater than or equal to the upper standard pressure value threshold, hydrogen is then charged into the hydrogen storage device at a third hydrogen charging rate that is lower than the second hydrogen charging rate for a third preset time period to further reduce the pressure in the hydrogen charging line.

[0056] Although hydrogen charging is not stopped immediately when the pressure is too high, it is necessary to stop hydrogen charging immediately when the pressure is too high and may affect safety. Specifically, in step S301, when the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline is detected to be greater than the upper limit standard pressure value threshold, it should be further understood that the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline is still less than the maximum pressure value threshold at this time. If the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline is directly greater than or equal to the maximum pressure value threshold when it is detected in real time, hydrogen production needs to be stopped immediately.

[0057] The present invention has an upper standard pressure threshold and a maximum pressure threshold. The upper standard pressure threshold can be understood as a second line of defense for safety. While crossing this line may pose certain safety risks, they are not significant and constitute a safe and reliable boundary. The maximum pressure threshold, on the other hand, is a threshold that requires an alarm and requires close attention.

[0058] Although the trigger condition for step S301 is set to be greater than or equal to the upper standard pressure threshold, a pre-judgment of the pressure value can also be made. That is, although the pressure value is less than the upper standard pressure threshold, it is very close to the upper standard pressure threshold and will exceed it if it continues. In this case, the reduction of the hydrogen charging rate in S301 can also be triggered. Specifically, when the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline is less than the upper standard pressure threshold minus a first preset difference, that is, when the difference between the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline and the upper standard pressure threshold is less than the first preset difference, hydrogen is charged into the hydrogen storage device at a second hydrogen charging rate that is less than the first hydrogen charging rate. The first preset difference here should be very small.

[0059] In step S100, the time interval for real-time detection can be adjusted according to the pressure conditions in the hydrogen filling pipeline. If the pressure is within a relatively safe range, real-time detection can be performed normally at intervals of the first time period. If the pressure is already outside the safe range, more sensitive real-time detection is required. This not only ensures safety, but also facilitates more sensitive adjustment of the hydrogen filling rate. Preferably, the safe range here can be a safety range consisting of an upper standard pressure value and a lower standard pressure value threshold.

[0060] Specifically, if the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is less than the upper limit standard pressure value minus the second preset difference or greater than the lower limit standard pressure value threshold minus the third preset difference, the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is detected in real time at intervals of a third time period that is less than the first time period; otherwise, the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is detected in real time at intervals of the first time period.

[0061] In step S301, the judgment standard for whether the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device has reached the hydrogen absorption saturation state is: when the hydrogen charging rate is reduced to zero and continues for a fourth time period, the pressure in the hydrogen charging pipeline still maintains the upper limit standard pressure value threshold, or the pressure in the hydrogen charging pipeline does not decrease after the hydrogen production is stopped for a second time period, then it is considered that the solid-state hydrogen storage material has reached the hydrogen absorption saturation state.

[0062] The preset increment in step S302 is a preset percentage value of the current hydrogen charging rate, which can be a value between 5% and 10%, or other percentage values.

[0063] In order to achieve the ideal state of hydrogen absorption effect, the present invention makes the hydrogen filling pipeline maintain the maximum pressure threshold, and uses the tracking principle to track the speed of hydrogen storage alloy adsorption of hydrogen. The tracking principle in control theory means that the goal of the control system is to track a given reference signal or reference trajectory so that the output of the system is as close to or coincides with the reference signal or reference trajectory as possible. The tracking principle is an important principle in control system design, and is usually implemented using feedback control. Feedback control can adjust the output of the controller according to the error between the system output and the reference signal, so that the system can better track the reference signal or reference trajectory. Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the hydrogen flow rate in the hydrogen filling pipeline has been maintained at a very high level at the beginning, and then slowly decreased due to the pressure increase in the hydrogen storage bottle. The pressure in the hydrogen filling pipeline has been rising, and then maintained a stable higher level.

[0064] The present invention also discloses a hydrogen filling system, including a hydrogen storage device, a hydrogen filling pipeline and a hydrogen source. The hydrogen source can be a hydrogen production device, and the hydrogen production device includes a hydrogen generator. The hydrogen generator reduces the amount of hydrogen produced by reducing the voltage, thereby controlling the hydrogen filling rate. The hydrogen source is connected to the hydrogen storage device through a hydrogen charging pipeline to charge hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device; a solid hydrogen storage material is provided in the hydrogen storage device for absorbing and storing hydrogen; the hydrogen storage device includes an air inlet, and the hydrogen charging pipeline is connected to the air inlet, and an air inlet valve and a pressure detection unit are provided on the hydrogen charging pipeline; when hydrogen charging starts, the hydrogen source is controlled by the air inlet valve to charge hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device at a first hydrogen charging rate, and the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device absorbs and stores hydrogen; the pressure detection unit detects the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline in real time at intervals of a first time period; when the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline is greater than or equal to an upper standard pressure value threshold, the hydrogen source is controlled by the air inlet valve to charge hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device at a second hydrogen charging rate less than the first hydrogen charging rate; when the pressure value in the hydrogen charging pipeline is less than a lower standard pressure value threshold, the hydrogen source is controlled by the air inlet valve to charge hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device at a rate increased by a preset increment on the basis of the second hydrogen charging rate; until the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device reaches a hydrogen absorption saturation state, hydrogen charging is stopped.

[0065] 4, the present invention also discloses a hydrogen production and charging control method, comprising the following steps:

[0066] S100', controlling the hydrogen production module to fill the hydrogen storage module with hydrogen, and obtaining the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module in real time.

[0067] By way of example and not limitation, the hydrogen storage module may be a device such as a hydrogen storage bottle, a hydrogen energy rod, or a solid-state hydrogen battery for storing hydrogen. The hydrogen production module may be an integrated hydrogen production and charging unit. When the hydrogen production module and the hydrogen storage module are connected via a hydrogen charging pipeline, the hydrogen production module can produce hydrogen using a PEM electrolyzer and charge the hydrogen into the hydrogen storage module. The current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module represents the ratio of the volume of hydrogen charged into the hydrogen storage module to the rated capacity of the hydrogen storage module.

[0068] S200': When the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is greater than the first ratio threshold, the hydrogen production module is controlled to enter a slow charging mode.

[0069] It is understandable that when the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is close to the full content, there is a high pressure inside the hydrogen storage module and in the hydrogen filling pipeline. For the sake of safety protection, the hydrogen production method of the hydrogen production module needs to be adjusted at this stage to avoid damage to components. Therefore, a first ratio threshold close to the full content is pre-set, preferably between 80% and 100%. For example, the first ratio threshold can be set to 95%. When the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is greater than 95%, the hydrogen production module is controlled to enter the slow charging mode.

[0070] S300', obtaining the current pressure and pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module in real time to control the power reduction or increase of the hydrogen production module.

[0071] Among them, when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not less than the first pressure threshold, the power of the hydrogen production module is controlled to decrease; when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than the second pressure threshold, the power of the hydrogen production module is controlled to increase until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module is the reference rate.

[0072] Specifically, after the hydrogen production module enters slow charging mode, the hydrogen storage module corresponds to a pre-set first pressure threshold and a second pressure threshold. The first pressure threshold represents the maximum pressure when the hydrogen storage module continuously absorbs hydrogen, and the second pressure threshold represents the minimum pressure when the hydrogen storage module continuously absorbs hydrogen. By controlling the power of the hydrogen production module to decrease or increase, the rate at which the hydrogen production module produces hydrogen can be reduced or increased. That is, the amount of hydrogen that the hydrogen production module fills into the hydrogen storage module per unit time is reduced or increased, causing the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module to decrease or increase accordingly. This continues until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is controlled between the first and second pressure thresholds, and the pressure increase rate of the hydrogen storage module is the reference rate. The reference rate is used to indicate that the current rate at which the hydrogen production module produces hydrogen is balanced with the rate at which the hydrogen storage module absorbs hydrogen. For example, the reference rate can be set to 0. When the current pressure of the hydrogen module is controlled between the first and second pressure thresholds, and the pressure increase rate of the hydrogen storage module is the reference rate, the power of the hydrogen production module is stopped, and the hydrogen production module maintains the current power to produce hydrogen.

[0073] S400': When the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module reaches the full content, the hydrogen production module is controlled to stop filling the hydrogen storage module with hydrogen.

[0074] Specifically, when the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module reaches 100%, the power supply to the PEM electrolyzer of the hydrogen production module is stopped, so that the hydrogen production module stops preparing hydrogen and charging it into the hydrogen storage module, thus completing the hydrogen charging.

[0075] By adopting the above-mentioned hydrogen production and filling control method, the pressure of the hydrogen storage module can be adjusted by controlling the power of the hydrogen production module, thereby prolonging the service life of the core components and pipeline accessories of the system, and avoiding repeated starting and stopping of the hydrogen production module and repeated opening and closing of the solenoid valve, thereby extending the service life of the hydrogen production module and the solenoid valve, and avoiding waste of power supply and hydrogen production.

[0076] In an optional embodiment, step S300' includes:

[0077] S310′: When the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not less than a first pressure threshold, control the current of the hydrogen production module to reduce a first initial current value.

[0078] Specifically, when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not less than the first pressure threshold, it indicates that the hydrogen production rate of the hydrogen production module is too high and the hydrogen storage module cannot absorb hydrogen in time. To avoid excessive pressure in the hydrogen storage module, it is necessary to control the power of the hydrogen production module to be reduced. The power of the hydrogen production module can be adjusted by adjusting the current of the hydrogen production module. First, the current of the hydrogen production module is controlled to reduce the first initial current value, that is, a preliminary adjustment of the power of the hydrogen production module is performed, and then the change in the pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module is observed.

[0079] S311', when the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module is less than the pressure decreasing rate threshold, the current of the hydrogen production module is controlled to increase the current adjustment value at intervals until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module is the reference rate.

[0080] When the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module is greater than the reference rate, the current of the hydrogen production module is controlled to decrease at intervals until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module is the reference rate.

[0081] It is understood that the pressure reduction rate threshold is set to a value less than 0. After the current of the hydrogen production module is reduced to a first initial current value, if the pressure increase rate is less than the pressure reduction rate threshold, it indicates that the pressure is dropping too quickly and the power of the hydrogen production module needs to be increased. Therefore, the current of the hydrogen production module is controlled to increase gradually, with each increase being separated by a fixed current adjustment value, for example, each increase of 5A. When the pressure increase rate is greater than the reference rate, it indicates that the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is still rising and the power of the hydrogen production module needs to be further reduced. Therefore, the current of the hydrogen production module is controlled to decrease gradually, with each decrease being separated by a fixed current adjustment value, for example, each decrease of 5A. The current adjustment of the hydrogen production module is stopped until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure increase rate of the hydrogen storage module is the reference rate.

[0082] In an optional embodiment, step S300' includes:

[0083] S320′: When the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than the second pressure threshold, control the current of the hydrogen production module to increase to a second initial current value.

[0084] Specifically, when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than the second pressure threshold, the hydrogen production rate of the hydrogen production module is too low to achieve continuous hydrogen charging of the hydrogen storage module, resulting in excessively long charging times and reduced charging efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to control the power increase of the hydrogen production module. The power of the hydrogen production module can be adjusted by adjusting the current of the hydrogen production module. First, the current of the hydrogen production module is controlled to increase to a first initial current value, that is, a preliminary adjustment of the power of the hydrogen production module is performed, and then the change in the pressure increase rate of the hydrogen storage module is observed.

[0085] S321', when the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module is greater than the pressure rising rate threshold, the current of the hydrogen production module is controlled to decrease the current adjustment value at intervals until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module is the reference rate.

[0086] When the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module is less than the reference rate, the current of the hydrogen production module is controlled to increase by the current adjustment value at intervals until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module is 0.

[0087] It is understood that after the current of the hydrogen production module is increased to a first initial current value, if the pressure rise rate exceeds the pressure drop rate threshold, it indicates that the pressure is rising too quickly and the power of the hydrogen production module needs to be reduced. Therefore, the current of the hydrogen production module is controlled to be gradually reduced, with each reduction being separated by a fixed current adjustment value, for example, a 5A reduction. When the pressure rise rate is less than 0, it indicates that the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is still decreasing and the power of the hydrogen production module needs to be further increased. Therefore, the current of the hydrogen production module is controlled to be gradually increased, with each increase being separated by a fixed current adjustment value, for example, a 5A increase. The current adjustment of the hydrogen production module is stopped until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first and second pressure thresholds and the pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module is 0.

[0088] Through the above implementation, compared with directly making a simple fixed numerical adjustment to the power of the hydrogen production module, after the initial adjustment, the power of the hydrogen production module can be further dynamically and flexibly adjusted according to the actual changes in the current pressure and pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module, thereby achieving more precise and efficient control.

[0089] In an optional embodiment, step S200' further includes:

[0090] S210', obtaining the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage module in real time;

[0091] S211′: When the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy is lower than the hydrogen absorption rate threshold and the duration thereof is greater than the low-speed duration threshold, the hydrogen production module is controlled to enter the slow charging mode.

[0092] Specifically, the triggering condition for controlling the hydrogen production module to enter slow charging mode can also be that the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy remains below the hydrogen absorption rate threshold for a duration greater than a low-speed duration threshold. When the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy remains below the hydrogen absorption rate threshold for a duration greater than a low-speed duration threshold, the hydrogen production module is controlled to enter slow charging mode, even if the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module may not have reached the preset first ratio threshold. After entering slow charging mode through this embodiment, the power of the hydrogen production module can also be adjusted according to steps S300' to S400'.

[0093] Preferably, step S210′ includes obtaining, in real time, the current hydrogen flow rate detected by the gas flow sensor element in the hydrogen storage module as the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy. Specifically, a gas flow sensor element can be provided at the air inlet end of the hydrogen storage module to detect, in real time, the current hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen storage module. When the hydrogen absorption capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy decreases, the hydrogen flow capacity at the air inlet end of the hydrogen storage module also decreases. Therefore, the current hydrogen flow rate is obtained as the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy. That is, when the current hydrogen flow rate is lower than the hydrogen absorption rate threshold for a duration greater than a low-speed duration threshold, the hydrogen production module is controlled to enter a slow charging mode.

[0094] In an optional embodiment, the following steps are also included: when the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than the first proportional threshold, the hydrogen production module is controlled to enter the fast charging mode. When the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than the second proportional threshold, the hydrogen production module is controlled to operate at a first fixed power value. When the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is between the first proportional threshold and the second proportional threshold, the second dynamic power value is calculated according to the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module, and the hydrogen production module is controlled to operate at the second dynamic power value. Since hydrogen filling is usually carried out for a long time such as at night, there is not much demand for extremely fast hydrogen filling. In the fast charging mode, the power of the hydrogen production module can be further adjusted according to the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module. Specifically, a second proportional threshold is further set, for example, it can be set to 60%. When the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than the second proportional threshold, the hydrogen production module is controlled to operate at a first fixed power value. For example, the first fixed power value can be set to the maximum operating power of the hydrogen production module, so that before the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module exceeds the second proportional threshold, the hydrogen production module prepares hydrogen at the maximum operating power to ensure that the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage module can meet a certain endurance when there is a temporary demand for extremely fast hydrogen filling.

[0095] When the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is between the first proportional threshold and the second proportional threshold, the dynamic current value I of the PEM electrolyzer in the hydrogen production module is obtained based on: I = -a1*h+a2, wherein h represents the current hydrogen content, and a1 and a2 are constant values ​​set according to actual needs, so that the dynamic current value I will decrease as the current hydrogen content increases. According to the dynamic current value I, the second dynamic power value P is further obtained based on P = U*I, and the hydrogen production module is controlled to operate at the second dynamic power value P, wherein U represents the dynamic voltage value of the hydrogen production module, which can be obtained based on the dynamic current value I and the resistance value of the PEM electrolyzer. By dynamically adjusting the power of the hydrogen production module in the above manner, the waste caused by producing hydrogen at the maximum operating power for a long time can be avoided.

[0096] In an optional embodiment, step S300' includes, when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not less than a first pressure threshold, controlling the input voltage of the current source in the hydrogen production module to decrease, so as to reduce the power of the hydrogen production module; when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than a second pressure threshold, controlling the input voltage of the current source in the hydrogen production module to increase, so as to increase the power of the hydrogen production module.

[0097] Specifically, the current source is a component that supplies power to the PEM electrolyzer in the hydrogen production module. The current source has a control pin that receives an external input voltage and adjusts the output current according to the external input voltage. When the power of the hydrogen production module needs to be adjusted by adjusting the current of the hydrogen production module, the target current I i , based on I i =20 / 3*U i -10 / 3 to obtain the target voltage U i , the target voltage U i The corresponding voltage value is input to the control pin of the current source, causing the current source to output the target current I i The corresponding current value is sent to the PEM electrolyzer to adjust the current of the hydrogen production module, and further adjust the power of the hydrogen production module.

[0098] It can be understood that in the fast charging mode, after obtaining the dynamic current value I, the dynamic voltage value U can also be calculated based on I=20 / 3*U-10 / 3, and the dynamic voltage value U can be input to the control pin of the current source, so that the current source outputs the dynamic current value I to the PEM electrolyzer, so that the hydrogen production module operates at the second dynamic power value P.

[0099] As shown in FIG5 , the present invention further discloses a hydrogen production and charging control system 1000, comprising a hydrogen production module 1100, a hydrogen storage module 1200, and a control module 1300; the control module 1300 controls the hydrogen production module 1100 to charge the hydrogen storage module 1200 with hydrogen, and obtains the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module 1200 in real time; when the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module 1200 is greater than a first proportional threshold, the control module 1300 controls the hydrogen production module 1100 to enter a slow charging mode; the control module 1300 obtains the current pressure and pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module 1200 in real time to control the hydrogen production module 1100 0; wherein, when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module 1200 is not less than the first pressure threshold, the power of the hydrogen production module 1100 is controlled to be reduced; when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module 1200 is not greater than the second pressure threshold, the power of the hydrogen production module 1100 is controlled to be increased until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module 1200 is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module 1200 is 0; when the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module 1200 reaches the full content, the control module 1300 controls the hydrogen production module 1100 to stop filling the hydrogen storage module 1200 with hydrogen.

[0100] Preferably, it also includes the control module 1300 acquiring the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage module 1200 in real time; when the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy is lower than the hydrogen absorption rate threshold for a duration greater than the low-speed duration threshold, the control module 1300 controls the hydrogen production module 1100 to enter the slow charging mode.

[0101] Preferably, it also includes that when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module 1200 is not less than the first pressure threshold, the control module 1300 reduces the power of the hydrogen production module 1100 by controlling the input voltage of the current source in the hydrogen production module 1100; when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module 1200 is not greater than the second pressure threshold, the control module 1300 increases the power of the hydrogen production module 1100 by controlling the input voltage of the current source in the hydrogen production module 1100.

[0102] After adopting the above technical solution, compared with the existing technology, it has the following beneficial effects: by controlling the power of the hydrogen production module to adjust the pressure of the hydrogen storage module, the service life of the core components and pipeline accessories of the system is delayed, and the repeated start and stop of the hydrogen production module and the repeated opening and closing of the solenoid valve are avoided, thereby extending the service life of the hydrogen production module and the solenoid valve; it can flexibly switch between fast charging mode and slow charging mode according to the hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy, saving energy and electricity; in the fast charging mode, the power of the hydrogen production module is further intelligently adjusted to ensure basic endurance requirements while improving system safety.

[0103] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention have better practicability and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Any technician familiar with the field may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent effective embodiment. However, any modification or equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen charging method, characterized in that: The steps include: When hydrogen filling begins, hydrogen is produced at a first hydrogen production speed, and hydrogen is filled into the hydrogen storage device at a first hydrogen filling rate, and the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device absorbs hydrogen and stores it; Real-time detection of the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline at intervals of the first time period; When the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is greater than or equal to the upper standard pressure value threshold, hydrogen is produced at a second hydrogen filling rate that is less than the first hydrogen production rate, and hydrogen is filled into the hydrogen storage device at a second hydrogen filling rate that is less than the first hydrogen filling rate; when the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is less than the lower standard pressure value threshold, hydrogen is produced at a rate that is increased by a preset increment on the basis of the second hydrogen production rate, and hydrogen is filled into the hydrogen storage device at a rate that is increased by a preset increment on the basis of the second hydrogen filling rate; The hydrogen charging is stopped until the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device reaches a hydrogen absorption saturation state.

2. The hydrogen charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of charging hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device at a first hydrogen charging rate comprises: Hydrogen is produced at a constant first hydrogen production rate, and hydrogen is charged into the hydrogen storage device at a constant first hydrogen charging rate.

3. The hydrogen charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of charging hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device at the second hydrogen charging rate comprises: If the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is still greater than or equal to the upper standard pressure value threshold, hydrogen is filled into the hydrogen storage device at the second hydrogen filling rate for a second preset time period, and then hydrogen is filled into the hydrogen storage device at the third hydrogen filling rate for a third preset time period; The third charging rate is less than the second charging rate.

4. The hydrogen charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is greater than or equal to the upper limit standard pressure value threshold, charging hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device at a second hydrogen filling rate that is less than the first hydrogen filling rate includes: When the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is greater than the upper limit standard pressure value threshold, the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline should be less than the maximum pressure value threshold; If it is detected in real time that the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is greater than or equal to the maximum pressure value threshold, hydrogen filling is stopped immediately.

5. The hydrogen charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is greater than or equal to the upper limit standard pressure value threshold, charging hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device at a second hydrogen filling rate that is less than the first hydrogen filling rate also includes: When the difference between the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline and the upper limit standard pressure value threshold is less than a first preset difference, hydrogen is filled into the hydrogen storage device at a second hydrogen filling rate that is less than the first hydrogen filling rate; The real-time detection of the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline at intervals of the first time period includes: If the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is less than the upper limit standard pressure value minus the second preset difference or greater than the lower limit standard pressure value threshold minus the third preset difference, the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is detected in real time at intervals of the third time period; otherwise, the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is detected in real time at intervals of the first time period; the third time period is less than the first time period.

6. The hydrogen charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of waiting until the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device reaches a hydrogen absorption saturation state comprises: When the hydrogen charging rate is reduced to zero and continues for the fourth time period, the pressure in the hydrogen charging pipeline still maintains the upper limit standard pressure value threshold, or the pressure in the hydrogen charging pipeline does not decrease after stopping the production of hydrogen for the second time period, it is considered that the solid hydrogen storage material has reached the hydrogen absorption saturation state.

7. The hydrogen charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset increment is a preset percentage value of the current hydrogen charging rate; the percentage value includes 5% to 10%.

8. A hydrogen filling system, characterized in that: It comprises a hydrogen storage device, a hydrogen filling pipeline and a hydrogen source, wherein the hydrogen source is connected to the hydrogen storage device through the hydrogen filling pipeline to fill hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device; The hydrogen storage device is provided with a solid hydrogen storage material for absorbing and storing hydrogen; The hydrogen storage device comprises an air inlet, the hydrogen filling pipeline is connected to the air inlet, and the hydrogen filling pipeline is provided with an air inlet valve and a pressure detection unit; When hydrogen filling starts, the hydrogen source is controlled by the air inlet valve to fill hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device at a first hydrogen filling rate, and the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device absorbs hydrogen and stores it; The pressure detection unit detects the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline in real time at intervals of a first time period; When the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is greater than or equal to the upper standard pressure value threshold, the hydrogen source is controlled by the air intake valve to fill hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device at a second hydrogen filling rate that is less than the first hydrogen filling rate; when the pressure value in the hydrogen filling pipeline is less than the lower standard pressure value threshold, the hydrogen source is controlled by the air intake valve to fill hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device at a rate that increases a preset increment on the basis of the second hydrogen filling rate; The hydrogen charging is stopped until the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device reaches a hydrogen absorption saturation state.

9. A hydrogen production and charging control method, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Controlling the hydrogen production module to fill the hydrogen storage module with hydrogen, and obtaining the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module in real time; When the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is greater than a first ratio threshold, controlling the hydrogen production module to enter a slow charging mode; Acquire the current pressure and pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module in real time to control the power reduction or increase of the hydrogen production module; Wherein, when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not less than a first pressure threshold, the power of the hydrogen production module is controlled to decrease; when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than a second pressure threshold, the power of the hydrogen production module is controlled to increase until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module is the reference rate; When the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module reaches the full content, the hydrogen production module is controlled to stop filling the hydrogen storage module with hydrogen.

10. The hydrogen production and charging control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the current pressure and pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module in real time to control the power reduction or increase of the hydrogen production module includes: When the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not less than a first pressure threshold, controlling the current of the hydrogen production module to decrease to a first initial current value; When the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module is less than the pressure reduction rate threshold, controlling the current of the hydrogen production module to increase the current adjustment value at intervals until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module is the reference rate; When the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module is greater than the reference rate, the current of the hydrogen production module is controlled to decrease the current adjustment value at intervals until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module is the reference rate.

11. The hydrogen production and charging control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the current pressure and pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module in real time to control the power reduction or increase of the hydrogen production module includes: When the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than a second pressure threshold, controlling the current of the hydrogen production module to increase to a second initial current value; When the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module is greater than the pressure rising rate threshold, the current of the hydrogen production module is controlled to decrease the current adjustment value at intervals until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module is the reference rate; When the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module is less than the reference rate, the current of the hydrogen production module is controlled to increase the current adjustment value at intervals until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure rising rate of the hydrogen storage module is the reference rate.

12. The hydrogen production and charging control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step of controlling the hydrogen production module to enter a slow charging mode when the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is greater than a first ratio threshold value further includes: Acquiring the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage module in real time; When the duration of the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy being lower than the hydrogen absorption rate threshold value is greater than the low-speed duration threshold value, controlling the hydrogen production module to enter a slow charging mode; The step of acquiring the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage module in real time includes acquiring the current hydrogen flow rate detected by the gas flow sensor element in the hydrogen storage module in real time as the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy.

13. The hydrogen production and charging control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: When the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than the first ratio threshold, controlling the hydrogen production module to enter a fast charging mode; When the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than a second ratio threshold, controlling the hydrogen production module to operate at a first fixed power value, wherein the first ratio threshold is greater than the second ratio threshold; When the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is between the first ratio threshold and the second ratio threshold, a second dynamic power value is calculated according to the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module, and the hydrogen production module is controlled to operate at the second dynamic power value.

14. A hydrogen production and charging control system, characterized in that: It includes hydrogen production module, hydrogen storage module and control module; The control module controls the hydrogen production module to fill the hydrogen storage module with hydrogen, and obtains the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module in real time; When the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module is greater than a first ratio threshold, the control module controls the hydrogen production module to enter a slow charging mode; The control module acquires the current pressure and pressure rise rate of the hydrogen storage module in real time to control the power reduction or increase of the hydrogen production module; When the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not less than a first pressure threshold, the power of the hydrogen production module is controlled to decrease; when the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is not greater than a second pressure threshold, the power of the hydrogen production module is controlled to increase until the current pressure of the hydrogen storage module is between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold, and the pressure increase rate of the hydrogen storage module is a reference rate; When the current hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module reaches the full content, the control module controls the hydrogen production module to stop filling the hydrogen storage module with hydrogen.

15. The system according to claim 14, characterized in that Also includes, The control module acquires the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage module in real time; When the duration during which the current hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage alloy is lower than the hydrogen absorption rate threshold is greater than the low-speed duration threshold, the control module controls the hydrogen production module to enter the slow charging mode.

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