Battery discharge circuit, and protection method

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application are a battery discharge circuit, and a protection method. The battery discharge circuit comprises: a steady-state signal collection module, a transient signal collection module, a switch control module and a switch module, wherein the steady-state signal collection module is connected to a battery, and the steady-state signal collection module is used for collecting an electrical signal which is output by the battery; the transient signal collection module is used for collecting an electrical signal which is output by the battery; the switch control module is connected to the steady-state signal collection module and the transient signal collection module, and the switch control module is switched on when a voltage signal which is output by the steady-state signal collection module is greater than a first preset threshold value, or is switched on when a voltage signal which is output by the transient signal collection module is greater than a second preset threshold value; and the switch module is switched off when the switch control module is switched on, so as to inhibit the electrical signal which is output by the battery from being released by means of a discharge port. The battery discharge circuit provided in the present application effectively inhibits external discharge from a discharge port due to the increase of an output current of a battery.

Description

Battery discharge circuit and protection method

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202310898488.3 filed on July 20, 2023, entitled “A Battery Discharge Circuit and Protection Method,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of electronic circuit technology, and in particular to a battery discharge circuit and protection method. Background Art

[0003] In electronic products, the discharge energy of a battery's discharge port is strictly limited. If the positive and negative terminals of the discharge port are short-circuited, the battery will discharge. In a flammable gas environment, this discharge could ignite the surrounding flammable gas and cause an explosion. Therefore, to ensure product safety and reliability, it is necessary to implement a protective design at the battery's discharge port to suppress discharge.

[0004] Currently, protection circuits used in battery discharge circuits typically utilize sampling resistors, switching devices, comparators, or operational amplifiers. The comparator or operational amplifier controls the switching device based on the electrical signal collected by the sampling resistor and a reference electrical signal. When the electrical signal collected by the sampling resistor is greater than the reference electrical signal, the comparator or operational amplifier controls the switching device to shut down. Due to the time delay characteristics of the comparator or operational amplifier, when the positive and negative poles of the discharge port are short-circuited, the current at the discharge port increases rapidly. The comparator or operational amplifier cannot control the switching device to shut down in time, posing a safety hazard to the discharge port. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a battery discharge circuit and protection method to solve the problem in the prior art that when the current of the discharge port increases rapidly, the switching device cannot be turned off in time, resulting in a safety hazard.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present application, a battery discharge circuit is provided, comprising: a steady-state signal acquisition module, a transient signal acquisition module, a switch control module, and a switch module;

[0007] The steady-state signal acquisition module is connected between the battery port and the discharge port of the battery discharge circuit, and is used to collect the electrical signal output by the battery;

[0008] The transient signal acquisition module is connected between the battery port and the discharge port, and is used to acquire the electrical signal output by the battery;

[0009] The switch control module is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module and the transient signal acquisition module;

[0010] The switch module is connected between the battery port and the discharge port and is connected to the switch control module;

[0011] The switch control module is configured to control the switch module to turn off when the voltage signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module is greater than a first preset threshold or when the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module is greater than a second preset threshold, so as to disconnect the battery port from the discharge port.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present application, a battery discharging protection method is provided. The protection method is performed by the battery discharging circuit, and the protection method includes:

[0013] The steady-state signal acquisition module and the transient signal acquisition module acquire electrical signals output by the battery; when the voltage signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module is greater than the first preset threshold or the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module is greater than the second preset threshold, the switch control module controls the switch module to turn off, thereby disconnecting the battery port and the discharge port.

[0014] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application provides a battery discharge circuit, including: a steady-state signal acquisition module, a transient signal acquisition module, a switch control module and a switch module; the steady-state signal acquisition module is connected to the battery, and the steady-state signal acquisition module is used to acquire the electrical signal output by the battery; the transient signal acquisition module is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module, and the transient signal acquisition module is used to acquire the electrical signal output by the battery; the switch control module is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module and the transient signal acquisition module, and the switch control module is used to turn on when the voltage signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module is greater than a first preset threshold, or turn on when the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module is greater than a second preset threshold; the switch module is used to turn off when the switch control module is turned on, so as to suppress the release of the electrical signal output by the battery through the discharge port. When the signal detection module detects a sudden change in the battery output current, the transient signal acquisition module immediately responds and outputs a transient response voltage. When the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module is greater than a second preset threshold, the switch control module is turned on, so that the switch module is turned off in time, effectively suppressing the increase in the battery output current that causes the discharge port to discharge externally. This solves the problem in the prior art that when the current of the discharge port increases rapidly, the switch device cannot be turned off in time, causing the discharge port to discharge externally, thereby causing a safety hazard. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] FIG1 is a circuit diagram of a battery discharge circuit provided in the related art;

[0016] FIG2 is a circuit diagram of another battery discharge circuit provided in the related art;

[0017] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery discharge circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] FIG4 is a circuit diagram of a battery discharge circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] FIG5 is a circuit diagram of another battery discharge circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] FIG6 is a graph showing changes in electrical signals when a discharge port is short-circuited in the related art;

[0021] 7 is a graph showing changes in electrical signals when the discharge port is short-circuited according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] FIG8 is a graph showing discharge energy when the discharge port is short-circuited according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] FIG9 is a flow chart of a battery discharging protection method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0026] Explosion-proof safety protection is a crucial aspect of electrical equipment applications. Electrical equipment used in explosive-hazardous areas must be designed according to the explosion-proof standards for that area and pass type testing. Various methods exist for achieving explosion-proof protection in electrical equipment, all of which achieve this by limiting one of the three elements of explosion: the ignition source, the combustion-supporting material, and the explosive substance. Common handheld terminals are intrinsically safe. This achieves explosion protection by limiting the ignition source, one of the three elements. Any substance must have sufficient energy to ignite, and any explosive substance has a critical ignition energy point. Ignition occurs if this critical ignition energy is exceeded, but not if it is not. Intrinsic safety achieves safety by limiting energy to below the critical ignition energy point.

[0027] In electronic products, the discharge energy of a battery's discharge port is strictly limited. A battery connector is a device that connects an electrical device to a battery, transmitting current. When the positive and negative terminals of the battery connector are short-circuited (i.e., the positive and negative terminals of the discharge port are short-circuited), the battery will discharge. In a flammable gas environment, this discharge could ignite the surrounding flammable gas, causing an explosion. Therefore, to ensure product safety and reliability, it is necessary to implement a protective design at the battery's discharge port to suppress discharge. Currently, protection circuits used in battery discharge circuits generally employ sampling resistors, switching devices, comparators, or operational amplifiers. Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of a battery discharge circuit provided in the related art. As shown in Figure 1, a charge and discharge management chip is connected to the battery's positive terminal and a MOS transistor, and a voltage regulator chip, an LDO, is connected to the battery's positive terminal and a comparator. The voltage regulator chip, the LDO, and the comparator form a current limiting unit. The battery discharge circuit includes current limiting units 1, 2, and 3. The discharge port includes a positive discharge port and a negative discharge port. The positive discharge port is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and the negative discharge port is connected to an electronic switch (MOS transistor). A sampling resistor, a comparator, and an electronic switch form an overcurrent protection circuit. The sampling resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The electrical signal Det collected by the sampling resistor is input into the comparator, which compares the electrical signal Det with a reference signal Vref. When the electrical signal Det is greater than the reference signal Vref, the comparator controls the electronic switch connected in series in the battery discharge circuit to turn off, thereby limiting the current at the discharge port. Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of another battery discharge circuit provided in the related art. As shown in Figure 2, the charge and discharge management chip is connected to the negative terminal of the battery and the MOS transistor. The discharge port includes a positive discharge port and a negative discharge port. The positive discharge port is connected to the electronic switch (MOS transistor). The sampling resistor, operational amplifier U, and electronic switch form an overcurrent protection circuit. The sampling resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the battery. The electrical signal collected by the sampling resistor is input into the operational amplifier U. The operational amplifier U processes the input electrical signal. When the electrical signal exceeds the current limiting threshold, the operational amplifier U controls the electronic switch connected in series in the battery discharge circuit to turn off, thereby achieving the purpose of limiting the current at the discharge port.

[0028] In the aforementioned related technologies, a comparator or operational amplifier controls a switching device based on an electrical signal collected by a sampling resistor and a reference electrical signal. When the electrical signal collected by the sampling resistor is greater than the reference electrical signal, the comparator or operational amplifier controls the switching device to disconnect. However, when a short circuit occurs at the battery discharge port, the current at the discharge port increases rapidly. Due to the time delay characteristics of the comparator or operational amplifier, the actual current limit is much greater than the designed current limit threshold. The comparator or operational amplifier cannot control the switching device to disconnect in time, causing the discharge port to discharge externally. The discharge spark is very energy-intensive and has the potential to ignite an explosive environment.

[0029] To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery discharging circuit. FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery discharge circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG3 , the battery discharge circuit includes a steady-state signal acquisition module 110, a transient signal acquisition module 120, a switch control module 130, and a switch module 140. The steady-state signal acquisition module 110 is connected to the battery and is used to acquire the electrical signal output by the battery. The transient signal acquisition module 120 is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module 110 and is used to acquire the electrical signal output by the battery. The switch control module 130 is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module 110 and the transient signal acquisition module 120 and is used to turn on when the current signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module 110 is greater than a first preset threshold, or when the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module 120 is greater than a second preset threshold. The switch module 140 is connected to the discharge port, the battery, and the switch control module 130 and is used to turn off when the switch control module 130 is turned on, thereby suppressing the release of the electrical signal output by the battery through the discharge port.

[0030] In this embodiment, the battery discharge circuit is a circuit for discharging the battery, and the battery supplies power to the electrical device through the battery discharge circuit. The steady-state signal acquisition module 110 is a module that collects the electrical signal output by the battery. For example, the steady-state signal acquisition module 110 may include a sampling resistor that converts the collected current into a voltage. The transient signal acquisition module 120 is a module that responds to sudden changes in the electrical signal output by the battery. For example, the transient signal acquisition module 120 may include a first inductor or other device that responds quickly to the electrical signal. When the discharge port is short-circuited, the battery output current changes dramatically, and the transient signal acquisition module 120 immediately responds and outputs a transient voltage. The switch control module 130 is a module that controls the switch module 140 based on the voltage signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module 110 or the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module 120. The switch module 140 is a module with a switching function, for example, the switch module 140 includes a switching device. The discharge port includes a discharge port positive electrode P+ and a discharge port negative electrode P-. The discharge port can be directly connected to the load or connected to a battery connector. The battery connector is connected to the load. The discharge port positive electrode P+ is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the discharge port negative electrode P- is connected to the switch module 140.

[0031] In this embodiment, when the current in the battery discharge circuit increases due to a fault in an electrical device connected to the discharge port, for example, the current signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module 110 increases. The steady-state signal acquisition module 110 transmits the collected electrical signal to the switch control module 130. If the voltage signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module 110 is greater than a first preset threshold, the switch control module 130 is turned on according to the electrical signal collected by the steady-state signal acquisition module 110 and outputs a shutdown signal. For example, the shutdown signal can be represented by a low-level signal. When the switch control module 130 outputs the shutdown signal, the switch module 140 is turned off, thereby disconnecting the discharge port from the battery and suppressing external discharge from the discharge port. When the current in the battery discharge circuit suddenly changes due to a short circuit of the discharge port, the current signal output by the battery suddenly changes. The transient signal acquisition module 120 immediately responds and outputs a transient voltage. When the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module 120 is greater than a second preset threshold, the switch control module 130 is turned on and outputs a shutdown signal. The switch module 140 is turned off when the switch control module 130 outputs the shutdown signal, thereby disconnecting the discharge port from the battery module and suppressing external discharge from the discharge port.

[0032] The technical solution of this embodiment provides a battery discharge circuit, including: a steady-state signal acquisition module, a transient signal acquisition module, a switch control module, and a switch module; the steady-state signal acquisition module is connected to the battery and is used to acquire the electrical signal output by the battery; the transient signal acquisition module is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module and is used to acquire the electrical signal output by the battery; the switch control module is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module and the transient signal acquisition module and is used to turn on when the voltage signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module is greater than a first preset threshold, or turn on when the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module is greater than a second preset threshold; the switch module is used to turn off when the switch control module is turned on, so as to suppress the release of the electrical signal output by the battery through the discharge port. When the signal detection module detects a sudden change in the battery output current, the transient signal acquisition module immediately responds and outputs a transient response voltage. When the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module is greater than a second preset threshold, the switch control module is turned on, so that the switch module is turned off in time, effectively suppressing the increase in the battery output current that causes the discharge port to discharge externally. This solves the problem in the prior art that when the current of the discharge port increases rapidly, the switch device cannot be turned off in time, causing the discharge port to discharge externally, thereby causing a safety hazard.

[0033] FIG4 is a circuit diagram of a battery discharge circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG4 , the switch control module 130 includes a first steady-state signal processing submodule, a first transient signal processing submodule, and a switch driving submodule. The first steady-state signal processing submodule is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module and is configured to process a signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module. The first transient signal processing submodule is connected to the transient signal acquisition module and is configured to process a signal output by the transient signal acquisition module. The switch driving submodule is connected to the first steady-state signal processing submodule and the first transient signal processing submodule and is configured to drive the switch module according to a signal output by the first steady-state signal processing submodule or a signal output by the first transient signal processing submodule.

[0034] In this embodiment, the first steady-state signal processing submodule includes a first voltage stabilizing unit and a comparison unit; the first voltage stabilizing unit is connected to the battery, and the first voltage stabilizing unit is used to perform voltage stabilization processing on the voltage signal output by the battery; the comparison unit is connected to the first voltage stabilizing unit and the steady-state signal acquisition module, and the comparison unit is used to control the switch driving submodule to turn on when the voltage signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module is greater than a first preset threshold.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first voltage stabilizing unit stabilizes the voltage output by the battery, and the voltage output by the first voltage stabilizing unit serves as the power supply voltage of the comparison unit. The comparison unit controls the on or off of the switch driving submodule by comparing the voltage output by the steady-state signal acquisition module 110 with the reference voltage, thereby achieving precise control of the switch module 140.

[0036] Specifically, the first voltage stabilizing unit includes a voltage stabilizer U1, a first end of the voltage stabilizer U1 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and a second end of the voltage stabilizer U1 is connected to the comparison unit. The comparison unit includes a comparator U2, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a second diode D2. The first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second end of the voltage stabilizer and the comparator U2, the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first end of the third resistor R3 and the comparator U2, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is grounded. The comparator U2 is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module 110, the first end of the second diode D2 is connected to the comparator U2, and the second end of the second diode D2 is connected to the switch driver submodule.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first end of the voltage regulator U1 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the second end of the voltage regulator U1 is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2 and the comparator U2. The voltage regulator U1 provides an operating voltage for the comparator U2 after stabilizing the voltage output by the battery. The second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 divide the output voltage of the voltage regulator U1, and use the divided voltage as the reference voltage of the comparator U2. The comparator U2 is used to compare the voltage output by the steady-state signal acquisition module 110 with the reference voltage. When the voltage output by the steady-state signal acquisition module 110 is greater than the reference voltage, the comparator U2 outputs a voltage signal, and the second diode D2 is turned on. At this time, the switch driving submodule is turned on and outputs a shutdown signal, and the switch module 140 is turned off to control the discharge port to no longer discharge to the outside.

[0038] Continuing to refer to Figure 4, the first transient signal processing submodule includes a second voltage stabilization unit, which is connected to the transient signal acquisition module 120 and the switch driving submodule. The second voltage stabilization unit is used to stabilize the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module 120, and output a control signal when the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module 120 is greater than a second preset threshold. The switch driving submodule controls the switch module to turn off according to the control signal.

[0039] In this embodiment, the second voltage stabilization unit stabilizes the voltage output by the transient signal acquisition module 120, thereby making the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module 120 more stable. The switch control module 130 quickly controls the switch module 140 based on the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module 120.

[0040] Specifically, the transient signal acquisition module 120 includes a first inductor L1 or a first magnetic bead. Exemplarily, the transient signal acquisition module 120 uses the first inductor L1. The first end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module 110, and the second end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the switch control module 130. The second voltage stabilization unit includes a first diode D1, a first capacitor C1, and a first resistor R1. The first end of the first diode D1 is connected to the transient signal acquisition module 120, the second end of the first diode D1 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1, the second end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded, the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1 and the switch driver submodule, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is grounded.

[0041] In this embodiment, the mathematical relationship between the voltage V1 across the first inductor L1 and the current i passing through the first inductor L1 is V1=L1*(di / dt). When the discharge port suffers a short-circuit fault, the current collected by the steady-state signal acquisition module 110 suddenly changes, that is, the current i passing through the first inductor L1 suddenly changes. Due to the current-voltage characteristics of the first inductor, when a sudden current change occurs, the voltage also suddenly changes. The voltage V1 across the first inductor L1 responds quickly based on the current i. When the sudden current change causes the voltage to suddenly reach a second preset threshold, the first diode D1 turns on. At this time, the switch control module 130 turns on and outputs a shutdown signal, the switch module 140 turns off, and the discharge port no longer releases electrical energy to the outside world.

[0042] Continuing with Figure 4 , the steady-state signal acquisition module 110 includes a fifth resistor R5. A first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the battery, and a second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the transient signal acquisition module 120 and the switch control module 130. The fifth resistor R5 acts as a sampling resistor to acquire electrical signals from the battery discharge circuit, including voltage and current signals. For example, the sampling resistor calculates the current magnitude based on the voltage difference across its two terminals. The simple sampling resistor structure simplifies the circuit architecture.

[0043] Continuing with reference to Figure 4, the switch driving submodule includes a first transistor Q1 and a fourth resistor R4. The control end of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the comparison unit and the second voltage stabilization unit, the first end of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor R4, the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the battery, and the second end of the first transistor Q1 is grounded.

[0044] The switch module 140 includes a second transistor Q2 , a control end of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the switch control module 130 , a first end of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the battery, and a second end of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the discharge port.

[0045] In this embodiment, the control terminal of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the first terminal of the first transistor Q1, and the second terminal of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the negative electrode P- of the discharge port. When the first transistor Q1 is turned on, since the second terminal of the first transistor Q1 is grounded, the voltage at the first terminal of the first transistor Q1 is close to 0V, the switch driver submodule outputs a low-level signal (i.e., a shutdown signal), the second transistor Q2 is turned off, and the switch module 140 is turned off. When the first transistor Q1 is turned off, since the second terminal of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, the voltage at the first terminal of the first transistor Q1 is positive, the switch driver submodule outputs a high-level signal, the second transistor Q2 is turned on, and the switch module 140 is turned on.

[0046] FIG5 is a circuit diagram of another battery discharge circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG5 , the switch control module 130 includes a second steady-state signal processing submodule and a second transient signal processing submodule. The second steady-state signal processing submodule is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module and processes the signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module. The second transient signal processing submodule is connected to the transient signal acquisition module and is configured to process the signal output by the transient signal acquisition module. The second steady-state signal processing submodule includes an arithmetic unit connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module and the switch module and configured to drive the switch module to turn off when the voltage signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module exceeds a first preset threshold.

[0047] In this embodiment, the steady-state signal acquisition module 110 includes a sixth resistor R6, the transient signal acquisition module 120 includes a second inductor L2 or a second magnetic bead, the switch module 140 includes a third transistor Q3, the operation unit includes an operational amplifier U3 and a third diode D3, and the second transient signal processing submodule includes a fourth diode D4, a second capacitor C2, a seventh resistor R7, a first NOT gate chip U4, a second NOT gate chip U5 and a fifth diode D5; the first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery port and the first input terminal of the operational amplifier U3, the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the second input terminal of the operational amplifier U3 and the first end of the third transistor Q3, the second end of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the positive electrode P+ of the discharge port, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier U3 is connected The first end of the third diode D3 is connected to the control end of the third transistor Q3, the first end of the second inductor L2 or the second magnetic bead is connected to the negative electrode of the battery port (that is, the negative electrode of the battery), the second end of the second inductor L2 or the second magnetic bead is connected to the first end of the fourth diode D4 and the negative electrode P- of the discharge port, the second end of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the first end of the second capacitor C2, the first end of the seventh resistor R7 and the first end of the first NOT gate chip U4, the second end of the second capacitor C2 and the second end of the seventh resistor R7 are grounded, the second end of the first NOT gate chip U4 is connected to the first end of the second NOT gate chip U5, the second end of the second NOT gate chip U5 is connected to the first end of the fifth diode D5, and the second end of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the control end of the third transistor Q3.

[0048] In this embodiment, the switch module 140 is connected to the positive electrode P+ of the discharge port. Exemplarily, the transient signal acquisition module 120 adopts the second inductor L2. When the discharge port is not short-circuited, the voltage signal generated by the second inductor L2 is a low-level signal, the fifth diode D5 outputs a low-level signal, and the third transistor Q3 is turned on; when the discharge port is short-circuited, the current in the battery discharge circuit suddenly changes, and the voltage suddenly changes. The voltage across the second inductor L2 responds quickly according to the current. When the current mutation causes the voltage to suddenly increase to a second preset threshold, since the level signal at this time is not a high-level signal marked as stable, the first NOT gate chip U4 performs level conversion according to the level signal output by the second inductor L2. The level signal after conversion by the first NOT gate chip U4 is reversed by the second NOT gate chip U5 and outputs a high level. The third transistor Q3 is turned off, and the discharge port no longer releases electrical energy to the outside world. The sixth resistor R6 serves as a sampling resistor, and the operational amplifier U3 receives the voltage signal collected by the sixth resistor R6 and performs signal processing. When the voltage across the sixth resistor R6 is greater than the first preset threshold, the operational amplifier U3 outputs a high-level signal, the third diode D3 is turned on, the third transistor Q3 is turned off, and the discharge port no longer releases electrical energy to the outside world.

[0049] With reference to the above embodiment, when the current signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module 110 is greater than a first preset threshold, or when the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module 120 is greater than a second preset threshold, the first transistor Q1 is turned on, the switch control module 130 outputs a shutdown signal, and the switch module 140 is turned off in response to the received shutdown signal. The battery discharge circuit achieves precise and rapid control of the switch module 140.

[0050] Compared to the prior art, this embodiment adds a transient response circuit to achieve rapid control of the switch module. For example, Figure 6 is a graph showing the change in electrical signals when the discharge port is short-circuited in the related art. As shown in Figure 6, the thin solid line represents current, the thick solid line represents voltage, and the amplitude of the first output current pulse waveform is 46A. Figure 7 is a graph showing the change in electrical signals when the discharge port is short-circuited in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 7, the thick solid line represents the voltage change curve, and the thin solid line represents the current change curve. When the discharge port short-circuit causes a rapid increase in current, the amplitude of the first output current pulse waveform is only 1.77A, far lower than the 46A current without the transient response circuit. Figure 8 is a graph showing the discharge energy when the discharge port is short-circuited in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 8, the thin solid line represents the energy curve. After adding the transient current suppression circuit, the discharge energy at the discharge port is 3.12uJ, far lower than the 20uJ required for intrinsically safe explosion-proof devices. The battery discharge circuit provided in this embodiment can be used in explosive environments.

[0051] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery discharge protection method. FIG9 is a flow chart of a battery discharge protection method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG9 , the battery discharge protection method includes:

[0052] S910 , the steady-state signal acquisition module and the transient signal acquisition module acquire the electrical signal output by the battery.

[0053] S920: When the voltage signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module is greater than a first preset threshold or the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module is greater than a second preset threshold, the switch control module controls the switch module to turn off, thereby disconnecting the battery port from the discharge port.

[0054] In this embodiment, the discharge port is directly connected to the load or connected to the load via a battery connector, and the battery module supplies power to the load via the discharge port. When the load connected to the discharge port increases the current in the battery discharge circuit due to a fault or other reason, the voltage signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module increases. The steady-state signal acquisition module transmits the acquired electrical signal to the switch control module. If the voltage signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module exceeds a first preset threshold, the switch control module turns on and outputs a shutdown signal based on the electrical signal acquired by the steady-state signal acquisition module 110. The switch module shuts down, inhibiting discharge from the discharge port and achieving precise control of the switch module. When the current in the battery discharge circuit suddenly changes due to a short circuit at the discharge port, the current signal output by the battery suddenly changes. The transient signal acquisition module immediately responds and outputs a transient voltage. When the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module exceeds a second preset threshold, the switch control module turns on and outputs a shutdown signal. The switch module shuts down based on the shutdown signal output by the switch control module, disconnecting the discharge port from the battery module, inhibiting discharge from the discharge port and achieving rapid control of the switch module.

[0055] It should be understood that the various forms of the processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved. This is not limited herein.

[0056] The above specific embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery discharge circuit, characterized in that: include: Steady-state signal acquisition module, transient signal acquisition module, switch control module and switch module; The steady-state signal acquisition module is connected between the battery port and the discharge port of the battery discharge circuit, and the steady-state signal acquisition module is used to collect the electrical signal output by the battery; The transient signal acquisition module is connected between the battery port and the discharge port, and is used to acquire the electrical signal output by the battery; The switch control module is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module and the transient signal acquisition module; The switch module is connected between the battery port and the discharge port and is connected to the switch control module; Among them, the switch control module is used to control the switch module to shut down when the voltage signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module is greater than a first preset threshold or the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module is greater than a second preset threshold, so as to disconnect the connection between the battery port and the discharge port.

2. The battery discharge circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transient signal acquisition module includes a first inductor or a first magnetic bead, a first end of the first inductor or the first magnetic bead is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module, and a second end of the first inductor or the first magnetic bead is connected to the switch control module.

3. The battery discharge circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch control module includes a first steady-state signal processing submodule, a first transient signal processing submodule and a switch driving submodule, wherein the first steady-state signal processing submodule is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module, the first steady-state signal processing submodule is used to process the signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module, the first transient signal processing submodule is connected to the transient signal acquisition module, the first transient signal processing submodule is used to process the signal output by the transient signal acquisition module, the switch driving submodule is connected to the first steady-state signal processing submodule and the first transient signal processing submodule, and the switch driving submodule is used to drive the switch module according to the signal output by the first steady-state signal processing submodule or according to the signal output by the first transient signal processing submodule.

4. The battery discharge circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first steady-state signal processing submodule includes a first voltage stabilizing unit and a comparison unit; the first voltage stabilizing unit is connected to the battery, and the first voltage stabilizing unit is used to perform voltage stabilization processing on the voltage signal output by the battery; the comparison unit is connected to the first voltage stabilizing unit and the steady-state signal acquisition module, and the comparison unit is used to output a control signal when the voltage signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module is greater than the first preset threshold value, and the switch driving submodule controls the switch module to turn off according to the control signal.

5. The battery discharge circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first transient signal processing submodule includes a second voltage stabilizing unit, which is connected to the transient signal acquisition module and the switch driving submodule. The second voltage stabilizing unit is used to perform voltage stabilization processing on the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module, and output a control signal when the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module is greater than the second preset threshold value. The switch driving submodule controls the switch module to turn off according to the control signal.

6. The battery discharge circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second voltage stabilizing unit includes a first diode, a first capacitor and a first resistor, the first end of the first diode is connected to the transient signal acquisition module, the second end of the first diode is connected to the first end of the first capacitor, the first end of the first resistor and the switch driving submodule, the second end of the first capacitor is grounded, and the second end of the first resistor is grounded.

7. The battery discharge circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery port includes a positive port and a negative port, the discharge port includes a discharge port positive electrode and a discharge port negative electrode, the first voltage stabilizing unit includes a voltage stabilizer, a first end of the voltage stabilizer is connected to the positive port, and a second end of the voltage stabilizer is connected to the comparison unit.

8. The battery discharge circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The comparison unit includes a comparator, a second resistor, a third resistor and a second diode, the first end of the second resistor is connected to the second end of the voltage regulator and the comparator, the second end of the second resistor is connected to the first end of the third resistor and the comparator, the second end of the third resistor is grounded, the comparator is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module, the first end of the second diode is connected to the comparator, and the second end of the second diode is connected to the switch driving submodule.

9. The battery discharge circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The switch driving submodule includes a first transistor and a fourth resistor, the control end of the first transistor is connected to the first steady-state signal processing submodule and the first transient signal processing submodule, the first end of the first transistor is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor and the switch module, the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the discharge port, and the second end of the first transistor is grounded.

10. The battery discharge circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steady-state signal acquisition module includes a fifth resistor, a first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the battery, and a second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the transient signal acquisition module and the switch control module.

11. The battery discharge circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that: The switch module includes a second transistor, a control end of the second transistor is connected to the switch control module, a first end of the second transistor is connected to the transient signal acquisition module, and a second end of the second transistor is connected to the discharge port.

12. The battery discharge circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transient signal acquisition module includes a second inductor or a second magnetic bead, a first end of the second inductor or the second magnetic bead is connected to the battery port, and a second end of the second inductor or the second magnetic bead is connected to the second transient signal processing submodule and the discharge port.

13. The battery discharge circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that: The switch control module includes a second steady-state signal processing submodule and a second transient signal processing submodule, the second steady-state signal processing submodule is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module, the second steady-state signal processing submodule is used to process the signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module and drive the switch module to turn off when the voltage signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module is greater than the first preset threshold value, and the second transient signal processing submodule is connected to the transient signal acquisition module, the second transient signal processing submodule is used to process the signal output by the transient signal acquisition module and drive the switch module to turn off when the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module is greater than the first preset threshold value.

14. The battery discharge circuit according to claim 13, characterized in that: The second steady-state signal processing submodule includes a computing unit, which is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module and the switch module, and is used to drive the switch module to turn off when the voltage signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module is greater than the first preset threshold.

15. The battery discharge circuit according to claim 14, characterized in that: The operation unit includes an operational amplifier and a third diode; the operational amplifier is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module, the first end of the third diode is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier, and the second end of the second diode is connected to the switch module.

16. The battery discharge circuit according to claim 13, characterized in that: The second transient signal processing submodule includes a fourth diode, a second capacitor, a seventh resistor, a first NOT gate chip, a second NOT gate chip and a fifth diode, wherein a first end of the fourth diode is connected to the transient signal acquisition module, a second end of the fourth diode is connected to a first end of the second capacitor, a first end of the seventh resistor and a first end of the first NOT gate chip, a second end of the second capacitor and a second end of the seventh resistor are grounded, a second end of the first NOT gate chip is connected to a first end of the second NOT gate chip, a second end of the second NOT gate chip is connected to a first end of the fifth diode, and a second end of the fifth diode is connected to the switch module.

17. The battery discharge circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that: The steady-state signal acquisition module includes a sixth resistor, a first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the battery port, and a second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the second steady-state signal processing submodule.

18. The battery discharge circuit according to claim 17, characterized in that: The switch module includes a third transistor, a control end of the third transistor is connected to the second steady-state signal processing submodule and the second transient signal processing submodule, a first end of the third transistor is connected to the steady-state signal acquisition module, and a second end of the third transistor is connected to the discharge port.

19. A battery discharge protection method, characterized in that: Applied to the battery discharging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 18, the battery discharging protection method comprises: The steady-state signal acquisition module and the transient signal acquisition module acquire the electrical signal output by the battery; when the voltage signal output by the steady-state signal acquisition module is greater than the first preset threshold or the voltage signal output by the transient signal acquisition module is greater than the second preset threshold, the switch control module controls the switch module to turn off, thereby disconnecting the connection between the battery port and the discharge port.

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